# Patent

## Title
Portable communication device antenna arrangement

## Abstract

A portable communication device is provided, which includes a radio communication unit, an antenna exciter element for connection to the radio communication unit and ground and at least one further antenna element provided on one side of the antenna exciter element. The further antenna elements comprise a first mass block of electrically conducting material including components provided for the operation of the portable communication device. The mass block is dimensioned for operating in a frequency band in which communication is desired when being excited by the antenna exciter element and each mass block and the antenna exciter element extend in three dimensions.

## Background
RELATED APPLICATION
This application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. §119 based on U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/887,913, filed Feb. 2, 2007, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.


TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to antennas for communication devices and, more particularly, to a communication device in which mass blocks and an exciter are used for providing an antenna.
DESCRIPTION OF RELATED ART
Portable communication devices (e.g., headphones) that are provided as accessories to a “host” portable communication device, such as a mobile phone, may be configured to communicate with the host portable communication device via a wireless connection. A variety of wireless communication technologies exists, which includes the widely-popular BluetoothTM technology. However, other radio standards and wireless communication protocols exist, such as UWB (ultra wide band).
The dimensions of antenna arrangements to be used in wireless communication devices necessarily conform to the diminutive design of the portable communication devices in which the antennas reside. This is often the case for many devices that use short-range, high frequency communication, for instance, according to the BluetoothTM or similar communication protocol. Examples of typical BluetoothTM devices include headsets, such as streaming audio headsets and voice headsets, handsfree devices, music players, and cameras, which communicate with, for instance, a cellular phone using BluetoothTM. Such devices thus often need to be of limited size, while at the same time being able to operate within a certain frequency band and, in the case of BluetoothTM specifications, typically around 2.45 GHz or higher.
The antennas of such communication devices are typically used while being placed in close proximity to the user's body. The human body is very effective in absorbing radio energy (i.e., shielding radio waves), thus resulting in de-tuning of the antenna. As such, the efficiency of an antenna that is positioned close to the user's body may be diminished to an unacceptable level. Accordingly, with respect to wireless devices, such as headsets, attenuation by the user's body with reception/transmission of signals should be taken into consideration.
Previous attempts to address this phenomenon include using a directional antenna, such as a PLEA (Planar Inverted F Antenna). Another type of system is described in EP 1 416 585, in which a loop antenna is provided around a circumference of a circuit board, in an attempt to direct antenna signals away from the user's body. Such configurations function best when the host portable communication device is to be worn in a substantially fixed position relative to the body of the user, such that the signals will radiate in a direction unobstructed by the user's body during operation.
However, such portable communication devices may not only be designed to be worn as attached to the body, but to be worn alternatively loosely relative to the body, such as hanging on a lanyard that the may be draped around the neck of the user. In this regard, the portable communication device may be displaced into various orientations relative to the body. When the portable communication device, in the course of being moved while worn, assumes a contrary orientation relative to the antenna, radio signals may be directed toward the user's body and thereby obstructed. A communication with the host communication device may adversely affected or entirely attenuated.
Another type of antenna arrangement intended for portable communication devices is described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,580,397, in which a cellular phone having an antenna system provided within the cell phone housing is described. The antenna described therein includes a first antenna element in the form of the shielding, casing, or chassis of the cell phone and is fed against a second antenna element functioning as a counterpoise provided at one end of the antenna. The subject counterpoise is provided within the main body of the cell phone.
Yet another type of antenna arrangement is described in EP 1424747, in which the antenna is intended to be provided in a phone of the clamshell type, e.g., a flip phone having a first and a second part connected by a hinge-type joint. The antenna described includes a first antenna element provided in and extending through a major portion of the first part, a second antenna element in the form of a counterpoise provided in the hinge, and a third antenna element provided in and extending through a major portion of the second part. The second antenna element electrically connects to both the first and the third antenna elements.
Accordingly, with respect to devices that are small and may be worn so as to assume random orientations, directional antennas may be subject to diminished performance.
Aside from customary antenna parameters, an optimally performing antenna susceptible to random positioning near a user's body would preferably exhibit one or more the following properties:

    
    
        More than enough bandwidth in the frequency range that is of interest.
        Superior efficiency over a bandwidth larger than the bandwidth of the frequency range of interest.
        Maintainable sufficient effective distance between user's body and the antenna.
        Substantially omni-directional antenna directivity.
    
    


SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Implementations of the present invention may enable the provision of a superior internal antenna in a compact portable communication device.
Implementations of the present invention are based on Applicant's insight that for small portable communication devices that employ internal antennas, the component that is typically termed an antenna only partially contributes to the radiation emanated from the device, where other elements that influence such radiation include other, larger electrically conductive elements of the device, such as a chassis and a circuit board and its components. Such elements or mass blocks may then be capacitively and/or inductively coupled to the associated antenna element. The antenna element that is customarily deemed as the antenna, therefore, actually functions as an exciter for such mass blocks. A consideration then becomes as how to provide a small portable communication device having an antenna arrangement that provides a more omni-directional signal, and which is less sensitive to experiencing orientation drawbacks associated with being worn close to the user's body and the associated compromise in performance.
Implementations of the present invention may provide a portable communication device that incorporates a superior antenna with, for example, omni-directional radiation and that is less susceptible to detrimental effects of being operated at or near a user's body.
According to a first aspect of the present invention, a portable communication device includes: a radio communication unit; an antenna exciter element for connection to the radio communication unit and ground; and at least one further antenna element provided on one side of the antenna exciter element, wherein the at least one further antenna element includes a first mass block of electrically conducting material including components provided for the operation of the portable communication device, the mass block being dimensioned for operating in a frequency band in which communication is desired when being excited by the antenna exciter element and each mass block and the antenna exciter element extend in three dimensions.
A second aspect of the present invention is directed to a portable communication device including the features of the first aspect, wherein each mass block is separated from the antenna exciter element by a gap.
A third aspect of the present invention is directed to a portable communication device including the features of the first aspect, wherein the antenna exciter element is provided with first and second opposing low impedance sides.
A fourth aspect of the present invention is directed to a portable communication device including the features of the third aspect, wherein one further antenna element faces and is aligned with a low impedance side.
A fifth aspect of the present invention is directed to a portable communication device including the features of the third aspect, wherein the antenna exciter element includes a middle section between the first and second lower impedance sides, the middle section having a high impedance compared with the two low impedance sides.
A sixth aspect of the present invention is directed to a portable communication device including the features of the fifth aspect, wherein one further antenna element faces and is aligned with the middle section.
A seventh aspect of the present invention is directed to a portable communication device including the features of the third aspect, further including another further antenna element.
An eighth aspect of the present invention is directed to a portable communication device including the features of the seventh aspect, wherein the other further antenna element faces and is aligned with a low impedance side.
A ninth aspect of the present invention is directed to a portable communication device including the features of the seventh aspect, wherein the other further antenna element is a second mass block.
A tenth aspect of the present invention is directed to a portable communication device including the features of the ninth aspect, wherein the first and second mass blocks are interconnected with a connection.
An eleventh aspect of the present invention is directed to a portable communication device including the features of the tenth aspect, wherein the connection is a high impedance connection.
A twelfth aspect of the present invention is directed to a portable communication device including the features of the tenth aspect, wherein the connection is tunable.
A thirteenth aspect of the present invention is directed to a portable communication device including the features of the eighth aspect, wherein the other further antenna element is an electrical conductor that extends along the entire corresponding low impedance side of the antenna exciter element.
A fourteenth aspect of the present invention is directed to a portable communication device including the features of the thirteenth aspect, wherein the electrical conductor is electrically connected to the antenna exciter element.
A fifteenth aspect of the present invention is directed to a portable communication device including the features of the first aspect, wherein the antenna exciter element includes a first and a second feeding end for connection to the radio communication unit and ground.
A sixteenth aspect of the present invention is directed to a portable communication device including the features of the fifteenth aspect, wherein the antenna exciter element includes a wire of an electrically conducting material which is provided with said first and a second feeding ends, said wire having a winding section comprising a number of turns around a central axis, where the last turn, which is provided furthest from the first feeding end, is in physical contact with the previous turn and the rest of the turns are separated from each other, where the first turn provides the first low impedance side and the last turn provides the second low impedance side.
A seventeenth aspect of the present invention is directed to a portable communication device including the features of the sixteenth aspect, wherein an area of contact between the last turn and previous turn of the winding section is provided at the distal end of the last turn.
An eighteenth aspect of the present invention is directed to a portable communication device including the features of the sixteenth aspect, wherein the antenna exciter element further comprises a return section joined to the distal end of the last turn of the winding section and leading back towards and past the first turn in parallel with the central axis.
A nineteenth aspect of the present invention is directed to a portable communication device including the features of the eighteenth aspect, wherein the second feeding end of the antenna exciter element is provided at the end of the return section furthermost from the where the return section is joined to the winding section and in parallel with the first feeding end in a feeding plane, the feeding plane being perpendicular to the central axis.
A twentieth aspect of the present invention is directed to a portable communication device including the features of the sixteenth aspect, wherein the first feeding end is provided in an input section connected to the first turn of the winding section.
A twenty-first aspect of the present invention is directed to a portable communication device including the features of the sixteenth aspect, wherein the first turn is distanced from the last turn with a first distance in the direction of the central axis and all turns of the winding section are distanced at least a second distance from the central axis to provide a three-dimensional exciter volume determined at least by the first and second distances.
A twenty-second aspect of the present invention is directed to a portable communication device including the features of the first aspect, further including one casing within which the radio communication unit, the antenna exciter element, and all further antenna elements are provided.
A twenty-third aspect of the present invention is directed to a portable communication device including the features of the first aspect, wherein portable communication device is an accessory for a wireless communication terminal.
Implementations of the invention have a number of advantages. For example, the portable communication device may provide a broadband omni-directional antenna. The subject antenna may be furthermore efficient, both in free space and proximate to a user's body over a broad range of frequencies. Implementations may be incomplex and/or produced at a relatively low cost. Furthermore, one or more of the above characteristics may be accomplished in implementations of comparatively limited overall dimensions.
It should be appreciated that the terms “comprises/comprising” and/or “includes/including,” when used in this specification, are taken to specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, components or groups thereof.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The present invention will now be described in more detail in relation to the enclosed drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 schematically shows a user of an exemplary device in which systems of the present invention may be implemented;
FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of an exemplary antenna exciter element according to an implementation of the present invention;
FIG. 3 schematically shows an exemplary antenna exciter element provided together with two mass blocks for use in an exemplary device for providing an antenna arrangement according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 schematically shows an exemplary antenna exciter element provided together with one mass block and a conductor for use in an exemplary device for providing an antenna arrangement according another embodiment of the present invention; and
FIG. 5 shows a plot of efficiency as a function of the distance to a user's body for an antenna arrangement provided according to the principles of the present invention.



DETAILED DESCRIPTION
FIG. 1 schematically shows a user 10 wearing a first communication device 14. First communication device 14 may be worn loosely relative to the body of user 10, for example, through being disposed on a string or lanyard 12 that hangs from the neck of user 10. Alternatively, first communication device 14 may fasten to user 10 with a type of fastener, such as a clip. First communication device 14 may be configured to communicate with a second communication device 16, as well as to other devices (not shown).
Communication between first and second communication devices 14 and 16 may be enabled, for example, using a suitable short-range communication technique, which according to various implementations of the present invention, may include BluetoothTM technology. The invention is however not limited to BluetoothTM, but can use other suitable communication techniques and communication bands, for instance the UWB (ultra wide band) frequency range. The invention is not limited to being applied in these ranges, but can be used also in other frequency ranges such as in various GSM, UMTS, WLAN, or any other suitable bands.
First small device 14 may be configured to send and/or receive data such as streamed audio and/or voice, as well as provide different types of signals, e.g., control for second larger device 16. Small device 14 may include an antenna to be used for one or more of these functions.
As first device 14 hangs loosely on (e.g., dangles from) the body of user 10, the orientation of the antenna may be subject to vary. To enable suitable functionality, the antenna associated with first device 14 may be substantially omni-directional and the amount of inference with signal transmission caused by the body of user 10 should desirably be minimized. The antenna associated with first device 14 should desirably operate over a wide enough band for communicating according to desired communication standards and be efficient within those bands.
In this regard, the present invention is based on recognition that for a small portable communication device that includes an internal antenna, the element that is referred to as the “antenna” is not the sole source of the radiation from the device. Other components of the device that influence such radiation are the larger electrically conductive elements of the device, such as a chassis and/or a circuit board with components. The larger elements, which are hereinafter referred to generally as “mass blocks,” may be capacitively and/or inductively coupled to the “antenna.” The “antenna,” therefore, functions as an exciter for the mass blocks. Implementations of the present invention are therefore directed to providing a small portable communication device including such an exciter and mass block combination that provides a substantially omni-directional radiation in a wide enough frequency range, which may be worn and/or operated close to the body of user 10 without incurring substantial degradation of performance.
FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of an exemplary antenna exciter element 18 that may be provided in first communication device 14 of FIG. 1.
Antenna exciter element 18, for example, may be made from a wire of electrically conducting material. The wire may include a first feeding end 26 and a second feeding end 28 that may connect to a radio communication unit and ground. First feeding end 26 may be provided in an input section 20 of antenna exciter element 18 that is substantially straight and joined to a first turn 29 of a winding section 22. Winding section 22 may includes a number of turns 29, 30, 32 of the wire around a central axis 36, and input section 20 may extend a short length substantially in parallel with central axis 36. Thus input section 38 may be joined at substantially right angles to winding section 22.
In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, first turn 29, penultimate turn 32, and final turn 30, collectively, turns 29, 30, 32, may have a substantially helical shape and thus the structure of winding section 22 may include any number of turns that move gradually upwards along central axis 36. Other shapes are possible. Shapes may vary among turns 29, 30, 32. In FIG. 2 there are shown three turns 29, 30, 32. However, it should be appreciated that the number of turns may vary.
Final turn 30, which may be provided furthest from first feeding end 26, may be in physical contact at one or more points with penultimate turn 32. In contrast, the other ones of the turns may be separated from each other by gaps of suitable and possibly varying distances. So configured, winding section may have a height D1 in the direction of central axis 36 that is determined by the number of turns 29, 30, 32, the cross-sectional area of the wire, and the gaps between the turns. Height D1 may provide a first distance between first turn 29 and final turn 30 of winding section 22. A gap may be provided between most of final turn 30 and penultimate turn 32.
Each of turns 29, 30 and 32 of winding section 22 may be disposed at a second distance D2 from central axis 36 (e.g., the radius of the helical structure formed by turns 29, 30, 32). In one embodiment according to FIG. 2, substantially every point on each of turns 29, 30, 32 is a distance D2 to central axis 36 to thereby define the helical structure. Final turn 30 may, at its distal end, be joined at approximately a ninety degree angle to a return section 24, which may lead directly back toward and past first turn 29, substantially in parallel with central axis 36. An area or point of contact 34 between final turn 30 and penultimate turn 32 may be provided pointing the area where final turn 30 is joined to the return section 24. In FIG. 2, return section 24 is shown as running inside winding section 22. Alternatively, return section 24 may run on the outside of winding section 22. Return section 24 may not contact any other than final turn 30.
Return section 24 may terminate in a feeding plane 38 that may be substantially perpendicular to central axis 36. Feeding plane 38 may be provided furthermost from where return section 24 is joined to winding section 22. Second feeding end 28, which may be provided at the end of return section 24, as well as first feeding end 26, may both be disposed in feeding plane 38.
As configured, the structure extending in three dimensions, antenna exciter element 18 may have a low impedance side provided at about a top of winding section 22 in the direction of central axis 36, and an opposite low impedance side in the opposite direction of central axis 36 at input and return sections 20 and 24. The low impedance, for example, may be approximately 50Ω or so. Other impedances are possible. Antenna exciter element 18 may have a high impedance from about winding section 22 in a direction radially outward from about central axis 36. Winding section 22 may be configured as a middle section provided between the two low impedance sides. First and second distances D1 and D2 may determine a substantial three-dimensional element volume for antenna exciter element 18. Any one or more of the above-described parameters may, according to the present invention, be used for enhancing the properties of an antenna arrangement that includes antenna exciter element 18 according to implementations of the invention.
It should be appreciated that antenna exciter element 18 of FIG. 2 is merely an example of a suitable exciter and that other shapes and configurations can be contemplated. Alternative configurations may have a three-dimensional shape and/or be provided with two opposing low impedance sides between which a middle section may be provided that has high impedance.
FIG. 3 schematically shows an antenna arrangement according to the principles of the present invention to be provided inside first communication device 14. First communication device 14 may include a housing or casing 40 (shown as a dashed cylinder) which encloses each of the elements of the antenna unit. Casing 40 may of course have other shapes, such as a cubic-like shape.
In one implementation, antenna exciter element 18 may be centrally provided in first communication device 14, for example, along central axis 36, as shown. In one implementation, a first mass block 42 and a second mass block 44, collectively, mass blocks 42 and 44, may be disposed on opposing sides of antenna exciter element 18, for example, along central axis 36, i.e., each facing a low impedance side. Mass blocks 42 and 44 may be aligned with antenna exciter element 18 in the direction of central axis 36.
A gap may be provided between each of mass blocks 42 and 44 and antenna exciter element 18. In FIG. 3, the exemplary gaps are shown as being relatively large to clearly show their existences. It should be appreciated, however, that in practicing the various implementations, the gaps may be much smaller (shorter), for example, to obtain adequate coupling between antenna exciter element 18 and mass blocks 42 and 44.
First mass block 42 is shown as having an exemplifying cylindrical shape, while second mass block 44 is shown as having a substantially flat rectangular or planar shape. It should be appreciated, however, that mass blocks 42 and 44 may have any suitable shape, for example, extending in three dimensions. In one implementation, second mass block 44 include a circuit board that may be provided with a ground plane 46 disposed in the interior of the circuit board and with, for example, a radio communication unit 48, and first mass block 42 may include a battery. It should be appreciated that the board may have several different other units than radio communication unit 48. However, these have here been omitted for ease of describing the various implementations of the present invention.
Mass blocks 42 and 44 may be include any number of various electrically conducting parts that may be used for the operation of first communication device 14. Examples of such parts include inner components (e.g., electronic, mechanical, battery, PCB, etc), but also other parts, such as shielding, electrically conducting parts of the casing and chassis may be used. The inner components of mass blocks 42 and 44 may thus both be covered by a separate metal casing. At least one of mass blocks 42 and 44 may have an substantially three-dimensional volume that may have a section that faces and covers the low-impedance side of antenna exciter element 18 in a plane that is substantially perpendicular to central axis 36.
One or both of mass blocks 42 and 44 may be dimensioned for operating in the frequency band that is of interest to cover. This may be accomplished, for example, through selecting width, length, and/or height of mass blocks 42 and 44 corresponding to the frequency band that is of interest. If both of mass blocks 42 and 44 are dimensioned for operating in the subject band, they may be dimensioned for operating optimally at different frequencies to provide a broader band coverage.
One of first and second feeding ends 26 and 28 of antenna exciter element 18 may connect to radio communication unit 48 while the other of first and second feeding ends 26 and 28 may connect to ground 46. In some implementations, it may be irrelevant which one of first and second feeding ends 26 and 28 is connected to which.
As shown in FIG. 3, mass blocks 42 and 44 may be interconnected by a connection 50. Connection 50 may be provided through a conductor on a flex film, for example. Connection 50 may be tunable and then tunable to a high impedance. As an example, connection 50 may, for instance, be tuned to provide an impedance of about 300 Ω or so (which is high as compared to the 50Ω provided by existing cables). This then would produce impedance of about 6 times or more higher than the normal interconnecting impedance.
Where connection 50 is provided by a conductor, connection 50 may have, for example, a length that corresponds to the quarter of a wavelength of a desired frequency to provide electrical isolation of mass blocks 42 and 44 from each other. The desired frequency may then normally the center frequency of the band to be covered. Alternatively, connection 50 may be provided through one or more coils. According to yet another implementation, mass blocks 42 and 44 may not be connected. As described, antenna exciter element 18 and mass blocks 42 and 44 may together effectively make up an antenna unit for first communication device 14.
With the above-mentioned orientations of mass blocks 42 and 44 relative to antenna exciter element 18, mass blocks 42 and 44 may be readily excited by antenna exciter element 18 because of the low impedance between them. The coupling to the closely provided mass blocks 42, 44 may be accomplished in such a way that the complete antenna unit may obtain its desired impedance. The coupling may occur in the near-field region mainly via the shorted final turn 30 of winding section 22 and input and return sections 20 and 24 of antenna exciter element 18.
Since both antenna exciter element 18 and at least one of mass blocks 42 or 44 may be three-dimensional structures, the resulting antenna unit may be less sensitive to detrimental effects associated with being operated close to the body of user 10. Exemplary structure implementations may provide an antenna unit that covers a wide frequency band. The antenna unit may thus render it possible to provide a complete small RF (radio frequency) wireless device with very good RF performance operating near the body of user 10. Because of the large bandwidth, the antenna unit may be very good for the UWB standard in addition to use for the BluetoothTM standard. The radiation produced by the antenna unit may be substantially omni-directional.
FIG. 4 schematically shows a first communication device 14′ according to yet another implementation of the present invention. In one or more respects, first communication device 14′ may be similar to first communication device 14. One distinction, however, is that inside casing 40′, only one mass block, for example, mass block 44, may be provided, which is used for providing the antenna unit. Instead of another mass block, a conductor 52 may be provided.
Conductor 52 may face and be aligned with a low impedance side of antenna exciter element 18. Conductor 52 may extend, for example, along the entire low impedance side of antenna exciter element 18. The middle point of conductor 52 may be aligned with central axis 36 of antenna exciter element 18. Conductor 52 may advantageously be electrically connected to (e.g., contacting) antenna exciter element 18. The contact may occur with to final turn 30 of winding section 22. Alternatively conductor 52 may instead connect to mass block 44, in any of the ways that have been described in relation to first communication device 14. It should be appreciated, however, that conductor 52 need not be connected, but may instead be “floating.”
In operation, conductor 52 may improve the performance of the sole, mass block 44. It will be appreciated that this configuration also enable size reductions of first communication device 14′.
FIG. 5 shows a chart that graphs an efficiency E of an antenna unit according to an exemplary embodiment relative to the distance D to the body of user 10, where efficiency E is expressed in dB and distance D in mm. As can be seen from the graph, the antenna unit exhibits a comparatively good efficiency in operation proximate the body. The antenna unit likewise exhibits also has good free space efficiency.
Such an antenna unit can furthermore have a big bandwidth over which it may cover the frequencies of from about 1.8 to about 10.6 GHz. Also, the efficiency of the antenna unit is good over entire band.
The antenna element is also incomplex and may be produced at a comparatively low cost and enable the provision of an antenna in a small portable communication device, such as a headset or earpiece.
The present invention can be varied in many ways. For example, the length of the wire, the cross-sectional area of the wire, the number of turns, and the first and second distances mentioned above may be selected depending on frequency and bandwidth requirements. For example, the length of the wire, excluding the final turn, may be adapted to correspond to the bandwidth, over which it is desirable to cover. In the described above, the winding section had a helical shape, i.e., the turns were essentially circular around the central axis. However, they may also have different shapes, like essentially elliptical and essentially rectangular. The mass blocks were also above shown as being coupled to the exciter along the central axis. It should be appreciated, however, that one or both may be coupled via a lateral side provided by the winding section, i.e., coupled to the exciter perpendicular to the central axis.
In view of the above and previously mentioned modifications of the present invention, it should be appreciate that the present invention is only to be limited by the following claims.

## Claims

1. A communication device comprising:
a radio communication unit;
an antenna exciter element including an electrically conducting wire having a first feeding end and a second feeding end connected to the radio communication unit, where the electrically conducting wires section includes a winding section including a number of windings about a central axis, where a final one of the windings contacts a penultimate winding and none other of the windings contact each other, and where a first one of the windings defines a first low impedance side and the final winding defines a second low impedance side; and
at least one other antenna element disposed on a first side of the antenna exciter element, where the at least one other antenna element includes a first mass block made from electrically conducting material including components provided for operation of the communication device, the first mass block being dimensioned for operating in a predetermined frequency band when excited by the antenna exciter element, and the first mass block and the antenna exciter element extending in three dimensions.

2. The communication device of claim 1, where the first mass block is disposed at a particular distance from the antenna exciter element.

3. The communication device of claim 1, where the at least one other antenna element faces and is aligned with one of the first or second low impedance sides.

4. The communication device of claim 1, where the antenna exciter element includes a middle section between the first and second low impedance sides, where the middle section has a higher impedance than the first and second low impedance sides.

5. The communication device of claim 4, where the at least one other antenna element faces and is aligned with the middle section.

6. The communication device of claim 1, further comprising a third antenna element.

7. The communication device of claim 6, where the third antenna element faces and is aligned with one of the first and second low impedance sides.

8. The communication device of claim 6, where the third antenna element comprises a second mass block.

9. The communication device of claim 8, where a connection exists between the first or second mass blocks.

10. The communication device of claim 9, where the connection is a high impedance connection.

11. The communication device of claim 9, where the connection is tuneable.

12. The communication device of claim 7, where the third antenna element comprises an electrical conductor that extends along an entire length of a corresponding one of the first or second low impedance sides.

13. The communication device of claim 12, where the electrical conductor is electrically connected to the antenna exciter element.

14. The communication device of claim 1, where a point of contact between the final winding and the penultimate winding occurs at a distal end of the final winding.

15. The communication device of claim 14, where the antenna exciter element further comprises a return section joined to the distal end of the final winding and extending toward and past the first winding.

16. The communication device of claim 15, where the second feeding end is disposed at an end of the return section opposing the distal end of the final winding and being substantially parallel to the first feeding end in a feeding plane that is substantially perpendicular to the central axis.

17. The communication device of claims 1, where the first feeding end is disposed at an input section connected to the first winding.

18. The communication device of claims 1, where the first winding is at a first distance from the final winding in a direction of the central axis, and an inner diameter of each of the windings are at a second distance from the central axis, the first and second distances defining a volume of the antenna exciter element.

19. A communication device comprising:
a radio communication unit;
an antenna exciter element connected to the radio communication unit;
at least one other antenna element disposed on a first side of the antenna exciter element, where the at least one other antenna element includes a first mass block made from electrically conducting material including components provided for operation of the communication device, the first mass block being dimensioned for operating in a predetermined frequency band when excited by the antenna exciter element, and the first mass block and the antenna exciter element extending in three dimensions; and
a casing within which the radio communication unit, the antenna exciter element, and the at least one other antenna element reside.

20. The communication device of claim 1, where the communication device is an accessory for a wireless communication terminal.

21. The communication device of claim 19, where the mass block is disposed at a particular distance from the antenna exciter element.

22. The communication device of claim 19, where the communication device is an accessory for a wireless communication terminal.

23. The communication device of claim 19, where the antenna exciter element includes a first low impedance side and a second low impedance side.