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T he pane l una ni m ous l yc onc l ude s thi s c a s e i s s ui t abl e f orde c i s i on ** w ith o u t o r a l ar g u m e n t. See F ed. R . A pp . P . 34 (a )( 2). NOT F OR P UB L I CAT I ON UN I TE D STATE S C OU RT OF APPE ALS FOR T HE NI NTH CI RC UI T DA NU YY S R AU L S AN C HE Z - R I VE R A, P et i t i on er , v. E R I C H . H O L D E R , J r ., A tto rn e yG e n e r a l, R e s p o n d e n t. N o. 09- 73883 A ge nc yN o. A 098- 506- 805 ME MOR AN DU M *

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# FI LED MA R 21 2011 M OLLY C. DW Y ER, CLERK U . S. C O U R T OF APPE ALS09- 73883 2 T ortur e ( “ C A T ” ) . W e ha ve j ur i s di c t i on unde r8 U . S . C . § 1252. W e r e vi e w de n o v o q u e s tio n s o f

law , C er ez o v. Mukasey , 51 2 F . 3d 11 63 , 11 66 (9th C i r. 20 08 ), e xc e ptt o the e xt e nttha tde f e r e nc e i s ow e d t o the B I A ’ s de t e rm i na t i on of the g o v e rn in g s ta tu te s a n dr e g u la tio n s , S im e o n o vv . A s h c r o ft , 3 7 1 F .3 d5 3 2 , 5 3 5 ( 9 th C i r. 2 0 0 4 ). W e rev i ew fo r su b st an t i al ev i d en ce factual fi n d i n g s. Zehat ye v. G on zales , 453 F . 3d 1182, 1184- 85 ( 9th C i r . 2006) . W e de nythe pe t i t i on f or r e v i e w. W e r e j e c tS anc he z - R i ve r a ’ s c l a i m tha the i s e l i gi bl e f ora s y l um a nd w ith h o ld in g o f

r e m o v a l b a s e do n h is a n ti- g an g p o litic a l o p in io n o rm e m b e r s h ip in ap a rtic u lars o c ia l g r o up . See B arri os v. H older , 58 1 F . 3d 84 9, 85 4-55 (9th C i r. 20 09 ) ( re j ec t i ng as a part i cul arsoci algrou p “ youn g m al es i n G uat em al a w ho ar e targ eted fo r g an g re cru itm en t b u t ref u se b ec au se th ey d isag re e w ith th e g an g ’s cr i m i nal ac t i vi t i es ”) ; Sa ntos-L em us v. Mukasey , 54 2 F . 3d 73 8, 74 5-46 (9th C i r. 2008) ( r e j e c t i ng a s apart i c ul ars oc i a l gr oup “ y oung m e n i n E l S a l va dorr e s i s t i ng gang vi ol ence , ” and ho l di ng thatgeneralaver si on t o g angs i s nota pol i t i ca l op i ni on ). A cc ordi ng l y, because S anchez- R i verafa i l ed t o d em on strat e thathe w as o rw ill b e p e r s e c u te do n a c c o u n t o f ap r o te c te dg r o u n d , w e d e n yth e p e titio n a s to h is a s y lu m a n dw ith h o ld in g c la im s . See B arri os v. H older , 5 8 1 F .3 da t 8 5 6 . S ub st an t i al ev i d en ce sup p o rt s th e B IA ’ s d en i al o f C A T p ro t ect i o n b ecau se09- 73883 3 S a n c h e z - R iv e r af

a ile dto e s tab lis h it is m o r e lik e lyth an n o t h e w ill b e to rtu r e dw ith th e a c q u i e s c e n c e o f

a n y o n e i n th e ElSa l v a d o r an g o v e rn me n ti f h e r e tu rn s t o El S a lv a d o r . Se e Santos -L e m us , 542 F . 3d a t747- 48. W e rej ectS an ch ez-R i v era’s co n t en t i o n th atth e IJ v i o l at edh i s du e p ro cess r ig h ts , b e c au s e th e B I A ’s d e n o v o r e v ie w r e n d e r e da n ye rr o r s b yth e I Jh arm le s s . Se e G h a l yv . I NS , 58 F . 3d 14 25 , 14 30 (9th C i r. 19 95 ). W e a l so re j ec tS anchezR iv e r a ’s c la im th a t th e B I A f a ile dto e v a lu a te a n d/o rn o te th e I J ’s e rr o r s . Se e L a ta v . I NS , 20 4 F . 3d 12 41 , 12 46 (9th C i r. 20 00 ) ( re qu i ri ng error andprej ud i ce for a p etit io n erto p re v ail o n a d u e p ro ce ss claim ). F in ally, w e r ejec t S an ch ez -R iv er a’s c la im th a t th e B I A v io la te dh is du e p r o c e s s r ig h ts b yn o t r e v ie w in g h is ap p e a l w ith af u ll th r e e - m e m b e rp an e l. Se e Fa lc o n Ca rr ic h e v . A s h c r o ft , 350 F . 3d 845, 849- 51 (9th C i r. 20 03 ). P E T I T I ON F OR RE V I E W DE NI E D.