I 

113TH CONGRESS 

2D SESSION H. R. 5194 

To impose sanctions against persons who knowingly provide material support 

or resources to the Muslim Brotherhood or its affiliates, associated 

groups, or agents, and for other purposes. 

IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 

JULY 24, 2014 

Mrs. BACHMANN (for herself, Mr. ROSKAM, Mr. FRANKS of Arizona, Mrs. 

LUMMIS, Mr. BRADY of Texas, Mr. SOUTHERLAND, Mr. GOHMERT, and 

Mr. LAMALFA) introduced the following bill; which was referred to the 

Committee on the Judiciary, and in addition to the Committees on Foreign Affairs and Financial Services, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions 

as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned 

A BILL 

To impose sanctions against persons who knowingly provide 

material support or resources to the Muslim Brotherhood 

or its affiliates, associated groups, or agents, and for 

other purposes. 

1 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa2 tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 

3 SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 

4 This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Muslim Brotherhood 

5 Terrorist Designation Act of 2014’’. 


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1 SEC. 2. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON DESIGNATION OF THE 

2 MUSLIM BROTHERHOOD AS A FOREIGN TER3 RORIST ORGANIZATION. 

4 (a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds the following: 

5 (1) The Muslim Brotherhood, Hizb al-Ikhwan 

6 al-Muslimin, was founded in Egypt in 1928 by Has7 san al-Banna. The organization remains 

8 headquartered in Egypt but operates throughout the 

9 world. The Muslim Brotherhood’s motto remains to 

10 this day what it has been for decades: ‘‘Allah is our 

11 objective. The Prophet is our leader. The Koran is 

12 our law. Jihad is our way. Dying in the way of Allah 

13 is our highest hope. Allahu-Akbar! [Allah is great14 er!]’’. 

15 (2) Hassan al-Banna, in a book he called 

16 ‘‘Jihad’’, instructed members: ‘‘Jihad is an obliga17 tion from Allah on every Muslim and cannot be ig18 nored nor [sic] evaded. Allah has ascribed great im19 portance to jihad and has made the reward of the 

20 martyrs and fighters in His way a splendid one. 

21 Only those who have acted similarly and who have 

22 modeled themselves upon the martyrs in their per23 formance of jihad can join them in this reward.’’. 

24 (3) Hassan al-Banna added that ‘‘fighting the 

25 unbelievers involves all possible efforts that are nec26 essary to dismantle the power of the enemies of 


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1 Islam including beating them, plundering their 

2 wealth, destroying their places of worship, and 

3 smashing their idols’’. 

4 (4) Hassan al-Banna also taught that ‘‘it is the 

5 nature of Islam to dominate, not to be dominated’’, 

6 and thus that the mission of Islam, as interpreted 

7 and executed by the Muslim Brotherhood, must be 

8 ‘‘to impose its [i.e., Islam’s] law on nations and to 

9 extend its power to the entire planet’’. While al10 Banna’s plan for accomplishing this mission was 

11 multifaceted, it centrally incorporated training for 

12 and the execution of violent jihad—terrorist oper13 ations. 

14 (5) In the seminal 1969 book on the history of 

15 the Muslim Brotherhood, ‘‘The Society of Muslim 

16 Brothers’’, University of Michigan Professor Richard 

17 P. Mitchell explained al-Banna’s teachings on violent 

18 jihad: The certainty that jihad had this physical con19 notation is evidenced by the relationship always im20 plied between it and the possibility, even the neces21 sity, of death and martyrdom. Death, as an impor22 tant end of jihad, was extolled by al-Banna in a 

23 phrase which came to be a famous part of his leg24 acy: ‘‘[T]he art of death’’. ‘‘Death is art’’. The 

25 Koran has commanded people to love death more 


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1 than life. Unless ‘‘the philosophy of the Koran on 

2 death’’ replaces ‘‘the love of life’’ which has con3 sumed Muslims, then they will reach naught. Victory 

4 can only come with the mastery of ‘‘the art of 

5 death’’. The movement cannot succeed, al-Banna in6 sists, without this dedicated and unqualified kind of 

7 jihad. 

8 (6) This philosophy pervaded the Muslim 

9 Brotherhood’s prioritization of training for combat. 

10 Professor Mitchell observed that it was ‘‘the tone of 

11 the training which gave the Society [i.e., the Muslim 

12 Brotherhood] its distinctive qualities’’, adding: If the 

13 Muslim Brothers were more effectively violent than 

14 other groups on the Egyptian scene, it was because 

15 militancy and martyrdom had been elevated to cen16 tral virtues in the Society’s ethos. Its literature and 

17 speeches were permeated with references identifying 

18 it and its purposes in military terms. Al-Banna told 

19 members again and again that they were ‘‘the army 

20 of liberation, carrying on your shoulders the message 

21 of liberation; you are the battalions of salvation for 

22 this nation afflicted by calamity’’. 

23 (7) Al-Banna’s blueprint for revolution antici24 pated a final stage of ‘‘execution’’ at which point the 

25 ‘‘battalions’’ the Muslim Brotherhood had trained 


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1 would ‘‘conquer . . . every obstinate tyrant’’. This 

2 violent ideology continued to be part of the Brother3 hood’s indoctrination in standard membership texts, 

4 such as Sayyid Qutb’s ‘‘Milestones’’ and Fathi 

5 Yakan’s ‘‘To Be a Muslim’’. 

6 (8) In Muslim Brotherhood organizations and 

7 chapters throughout the world, including in the 

8 United States, al-Banna’s originating philosophy 

9 continues to be taught. 

10 (9) In its earliest days, the Egyptian Muslim 

11 Brotherhood established a terrorist wing (the ‘‘secret 

12 apparatus’’) that conducted bombings and assassina13 tions targeting foreigners and government officials. 

14 The assassinations by the Muslim Brotherhood of 

15 Judge Ahmed Al-Khazinder Bey in 1947 and Prime 

16 Minister Mahmoud Al-Nuqrashi in 1948 prompted 

17 the first ban on the organization in Egypt. 

18 (10) The United States has previously des19 ignated global elements of the Muslim Brotherhood. 

20 The terrorist group Hamas, which self-identifies as 

21 ‘‘one of the wings of the Muslim Brotherhood in Pal22 estine,’’ was designated as a foreign terrorist organi23 zation by President William J. Clinton on January 

24 23, 1995, by Executive Order 12947, and later 

25 under section 219(a) of the Immigration and NaVerDate Mar 15 2010 07:32 Jul 30, 2014 Jkt 039200 PO 00000 Frm 00005 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\H5194.IH H5194

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1 tionality Act (8 U.S.C. 1189(a)) by Secretary of 

2 State Madeline Albright on October 7, 1997. 

3 (11) The Kuwaiti Muslim Brotherhood’s Lajnat 

4 al-Daawa al-Islamiya (‘‘Islamic Call Committee’’) 

5 was designated as a foreign terrorist organization by 

6 President George W. Bush on September 23, 2001, 

7 by Executive Order 13224 and later under section 

8 219(a) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 

9 U.S.C. 1189(a)) by Secretary of State Colin Powell 

10 on January 9, 2003. Reasons cited for the designa11 tion included Lajnat al-Daawa al-Islamiya being 

12 used as a financial conduit for Osama bin Laden 

13 and Al-Qaeda, and its funding of terrorist groups in 

14 Chechnya and Libya. Both Al-Qaeda operations 

15 chief Khalid Sheikh Mohammed and World Trade 

16 Center bomber Ramzi Yousef held positions with the 

17 organization. 

18 (12) Individual Muslim Brotherhood leaders 

19 have also been designated on the list of Specially 

20 Designated Global Terrorists, as established under 

21 the International Emergency Economic Powers Act 

22 (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.) and initiated under Execu23 tive Order 13224 (September 23, 2001), by the 

24 United States. On February 2, 2004, the Depart25 ment of the Treasury designated Shaykh Abd-alVerDate Mar 15 2010 07:32 Jul 30, 2014 Jkt 039200 PO 00000 Frm 00006 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\H5194.IH H5194

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1 Majid Al-Zindani, a leader of the Yemeni Muslim 

2 Brotherhood’s Al-Islah political party. The designa3 tion states that al-Zindani has a ‘‘long history of 

4 working with Bin Laden, serving as one of his spir5 itual leaders,’’ in addition to his activities in support 

6 of Al-Qaeda, including recruiting and procuring 

7 weapons. Al-Zindani was also identified in a Federal 

8 lawsuit as a coordinator of the October 2000 suicide 

9 attack targeting the U.S.S. Cole in Aden, Yemen, 

10 that killed 17 United States Navy sailors, including 

11 personally selecting the two suicide bombers. In Sep12 tember 2012, al-Zindani reportedly called for his 

13 supporters to kill United States Marines stationed at 

14 the United States Embassy in Sana’a, Yemen. 

15 (13) Mohammad Jamal Khalifa, a veteran of 

16 the Soviet-Afghan war, senior Muslim Brotherhood 

17 leader, and brother-in-law and close confidant of 

18 Osama bin Laden was arrested in California in De19 cember 1994 on charges related to the 1993 bomb20 ing of the World Trade Center. Evidence was found 

21 at that time that linked Khalifa to the planned Al22 Qaeda Operation Bojinka plot that included the 

23 bombing of 11 airplanes between Asia and the 

24 United States. He was deported to Jordan in May 

25 1995. Prior to that time he operated an Islamic 


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1 charity in the Philippines that was accused of fun2 neling money to the Abu Sayyef terrorist group and 

3 laundering money for Bin Laden. He was sought 

4 again by United States authorities in 2007, and an 

5 Interpol bulletin was issued to several United States 

6 intelligence agencies. Khalifa was killed four days 

7 later in Madagascar. 

8 (14) Sami Al-Hajj, an Al-Qaeda member and 

9 senior leader of the Muslim Brotherhood’s Shura 

10 Council, was imprisoned as a detainee at the De11 partment of Defense facility at Guantanamo Bay, 

12 Cuba. He was captured by Pakistani forces near the 

13 Afghanistan border in 2001 and transferred to 

14 United States custody. He was detained for his work 

15 as a money and weapons courier for Al-Qaeda. He 

16 reportedly worked directly with Taliban commander 

17 Mullah Mohammad Omar to procure weapons, and 

18 met with senior Afghan Muslim Brotherhood offi19 cials in mid-2001 to discuss the transfer of Stinger 

20 missiles from Afghanistan to Chechnya. 

21 (15) According to a May 1995 report by the 

22 United States House of Representatives Task Force 

23 on Terrorism and Unconventional Warfare, a series 

24 of conferences hosted by Sudanese Muslim Brother25 hood leader Hassan al-Turabi in Khartoum, Sudan 


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1 during October 1994 and March to April 1995 fea2 tured representatives from virtually every Islamic 

3 terrorist organization in the world. The conferences 

4 included representatives from Iranian intelligence, 

5 Hezbollah, Palestinian Islamic Jihad, Egyptian Is6 lamic Jihad, the Algerian AIS and GIA, as well as 

7 leaders from the international Muslim Brotherhood, 

8 the Muslim Brotherhood in the Gulf Countries, 

9 Hamas (the Palestinian Muslim Brotherhood), the 

10 Islamic Action Front (Jordanian Muslim Brother11 hood), and Ennahdha (the Tunisian Muslim Broth12 erhood). Osama bin Laden was present at the con13 ferences. The parties agreed to launch a terrorism 

14 offensive beginning in 1995, with targets including 

15 United States interests and personnel in the Middle 

16 East and attacks inside the United States homeland. 

17 (16) In December 2002 a multiple vehicle borne 

18 improvised explosive device (VBIED) suicide attack 

19 targeting a four-story building in Grozny killed 57 

20 people. Russian counterterrorism officials claimed 

21 the attack was ordered and coordinated by Chechen 

22 warlord Shamil Basayev and Abu Walid, an official 

23 with the Muslim Brotherhood. They further claimed 

24 that days before the bombing the pair met near 

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1 cials also identified the international Muslim Broth2 erhood network as financing the Chechen rebels. In 

3 2003, the Russian Supreme Court banned the Mus4 lim Brotherhood, describing it as a terrorist organi5 zation. 

6 (17) Before the Committee on Banking, Hous7 ing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate in October 

8 2003, Richard Clarke, former National Coordinator 

9 for Security and Counterterrorism for Presidents 

10 William J. Clinton and George W. Bush, testified to 

11 the extent that terrorist organizations continued to 

12 operate inside the United States and the connection 

13 to the Muslim Brotherhood networks: ‘‘Dating back 

14 to the 1980’s, Islamist terrorist networks have devel15 oped a sophisticated and diversified financial infra16 structure in the United States. In the post Sep17 tember 11th environment, it is now widely known 

18 that every major Islamist terrorist organization, 

19 from Hamas to Islamic Jihad to Al Qida, has lever20 aged the financial resources and institutions of the 

21 United States to build their capabilities. We face a 

22 highly developed enemy in our mission to stop ter23 rorist financing. While the overseas operations of 

24 Islamist terrorist organizations are generally seg25 regated and distinct, the opposite holds in the 


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1 United States. The issue of terrorist financing in the 

2 United States is a fundamental example of the 

3 shared infrastructure levered by Hamas, Islamic 

4 Jihad and Al Qida, all of which enjoy a significant 

5 degree of cooperation and coordination within our 

6 borders. The common link here is the extremist 

7 Muslim Brotherhood—all of these organizations are 

8 descendants of the membership and ideology of the 

9 Muslim Brothers.’’. 

10 (18) One of the examples cited by Richard 

11 Clarke in his testimony before the Committee on 

12 Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate 

13 was the case of Soliman Biheiri, who ran an invest14 ment firm specializing in Islamically-permissible in15 vestments, the Secaucus, New Jersey-based BMI In16 corporated. BMI Incorporated offered a range of fi17 nancial services for the Muslim community, and in18 vested in businesses and real estate. According to 

19 Federal prosecutors, among the shareholders of BMI 

20 Incorporated were Al-Qaeda financier Yassin Al21 Qadi and top Hamas leader Mousa Abu Marzook— 

22 two Specially Designated Global Terrorists. Both 

23 Qadi and Marzook operated separate businesses out 

24 of the offices of BMI Incorporated that also did 

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1 porated investors included Abdullah bin Laden, 

2 nephew of Osama bin laden, and Tarek Swaidan, a 

3 Kuwaiti Muslim Brotherhood leader. In a September 

4 2003 detention hearing, Federal prosecutors de5 scribed Biheiri as ‘‘the U.S. banker for the Muslim 

6 Brotherhood,’’ and stating that ‘‘the defendant came 

7 here as the Muslim Brotherhood’s financial toehold 

8 in the U.S.’’. Biheiri was convicted on Federal immi9 gration charges on October 9, 2003. 

10 (19) The fact that the international Muslim 

11 Brotherhood engages in terrorism financing inside 

12 the United States was attested to by then-FBI Di13 rector Robert Mueller, who testified before the Per14 manent Select Committee on Intelligence of the 

15 House of Representatives in February 2011, and re16 sponded to a question about the Muslim Brother17 hood’s networks and agenda in the United States: ‘‘I 

18 can say at the outset that elements of the Muslim 

19 Brotherhood both here and overseas have supported 

20 terrorism. To the extent that I can provide informa21 tion, I would be happy to do so in closed session. 

22 But it would be difficult to do in open session.’’. 

23 (20) In the Holy Land Foundation (HLF) 

24 prosecutions—the largest terrorism financing trial in 

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1 cials successfully argued in court that the inter2 national Muslim Brotherhood and its United States 

3 affiliates had engaged in a wide-spread conspiracy to 

4 raise money and materially support the terrorist 

5 group Hamas. HLF officials charged in the case 

6 were found guilty on all counts in November 2008, 

7 primarily related to millions of dollars that had been 

8 transferred to Hamas. During the trial and in court 

9 documents, Federal prosecutors implicated a number 

10 of prominent United States-Islamic organizations in 

11 this conspiracy, including the Islamic Society of 

12 North America (ISNA), the North American Islamic 

13 Trust (NAIT), and the Council on American-Islamic 

14 Relations (CAIR). These groups and their leaders, 

15 among others, were named as unindicted co-con16 spirators in the case. The Department of Justice 

17 told the court that these United States-Muslim 

18 Brotherhood affiliates acted at the direction of the 

19 international Muslim Brotherhood to support ter20 rorism in a July 2008 court filing: ‘‘ISNA and 

21 NAIT, in fact, shared more with HLF than just a 

22 parent organization. They were intimately connected 

23 with the HLF and its assigned task of providing fi24 nancial support to HAMAS. Shortly after HAMAS 

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1 lim Brotherhood, Govt. Exh. 21-61, the Inter2 national Muslim Brotherhood ordered the Muslim 

3 Brotherhood chapters throughout the world to create 

4 Palestine Committees, whose job it was to support 

5 HAMAS with ‘media, money and men’. Govt. Exh. 

6 3-15. The U.S.-Muslim Brotherhood created the 

7 U.S. Palestine Committee, which document reflect 

8 was initially comprised of three organizations: the 

9 OLF (HLF), the IAP, and the UASR. CAIR was 

10 later added to these organizations. Govt. Exh. 3-78 

11 (listing IAP, HLF, UASR and CAIR as part of the 

12 Palestine Committee, and stating that there is ‘[n]o 

13 doubt America is the ideal location to train the nec14 essary resources to support the Movement world15 wide...’). The mandate of these organizations, per 

16 the International Muslim Brotherhood, was to sup17 port HAMAS, and the HLF’s particular role was to 

18 raise money to support HAMAS’ organizations in19 side the Palestinian territories. Govt. Exh. 3-17 (ob20 jective of the Palestine Committee is to support 

21 HAMAS).’’. 

22 (21) In September 2010 the Supreme Guide of 

23 the Muslim Brotherhood, Mohamed Badie, delivered 

24 a weekly sermon mirroring the ideological themes of 

25 Al-Qaeda’s August 1996 declaration of war against 


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1 the United States. Calling on Arab and Muslim re2 gimes to confront not just Israel, but also the 

3 United States, he declared that ‘‘Resistance is the 

4 only solution against the Zio-American arrogance 

5 and tyranny.’’ This ‘‘resistance’’ can only come from 

6 fighting and understanding ‘‘that the improvement 

7 and change that the [Muslim] nation seeks can only 

8 be attained through jihad and sacrifice and by rais9 ing a jihadi generation that pursues death just as 

10 the enemies pursue life’’. He also predicted the im11 minent downfall of the United States, saying ‘‘The 

12 U.S. is now experiencing the beginning of its end, 

13 and is heading towards its demise.’’. 

14 (22) The August 14, 2013, clearing of Muslim 

15 Brotherhood protests in Egypt resulted in attacks by 

16 Muslim Brotherhood supporters targeting the Coptic 

17 Christian community. Attacks included 70 churches 

18 and more than 1,000 homes and businesses of Cop19 tic Christian families torched in the ensuing vio20 lence. During the Muslim Brotherhood protests, 

21 there were repeated reports of direct incitement to22 wards the Copts from leading Muslim Brotherhood 

23 figures, and since the protest dispersal this targeting 

24 of the Christian community continues in official 

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1 lets and from its leadership. As the United States 

2 Commission on International Religious Freedom 

3 (USCIRF) has previously noted, this terror cam4 paign by the Muslim Brotherhood is not a new de5 velopment. Over the past decade violence by the 

6 Muslim Brotherhood has been directed at the Coptic 

7 community. As the USCIRF observed in its 2003 

8 Annual Report: ‘‘Coptic Christians face ongoing vio9 lence from vigilante Muslim extremists, including 

10 members of the Muslim Brotherhood, many of whom 

11 act with impunity.’’. 

12 (b) CRITERIA.—Section 219(a)(1) of the Immigration 

13 and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1189(a)(1)) provides the 

14 3 criteria for the designation of an organization as a For15 eign Terrorist Organization: 

16 (1) The organization must be a foreign organi17 zation. 

18 (2) The organization must engage in terrorist 

19 activity, as defined in section 212(a)(3)(B) of the 

20 Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 

21 1182(a)(3)(B)), or terrorism, as defined in section 

22 140(d)(2) of the Foreign Relations Authorization 

23 Act, Fiscal Years 1988 and 1989 (22 U.S.C. 

24 2656f(d)(2)), or retain the capability and intent to 

25 engage in terrorist activity or terrorism. 


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1 (3) The organization’s terrorist activity or ter2 rorism must threaten the security of United States 

3 nationals or the national security (national defense, 

4 foreign relations, or the economic interests) of the 

5 United States. 

6 (c) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Con7 gress that— 

8 (1) The Muslim Brotherhood has met the cri9 teria for designation as a foreign terrorist organiza10 tion under section 219 of the Immigration and Na11 tionality Act (as described in subsection (b)); and 

12 (2) the Secretary of State, in consultation with 

13 the Attorney General and the Secretary of the 

14 Treasury, should exercise the Secretary of State’s 

15 statutory authority and designate the Muslim Broth16 erhood as a foreign terrorist organization. 

17 (d) REPORT.—If the Secretary of State does not des18 ignate the Muslim Brotherhood as a foreign terrorist orga19 nization under section 219 of the Immigration and Na20 tionality Act within 60 days after the date of the enact21 ment of this Act, the Secretary of State shall submit to 

22 Congress a report that contains the reasons therefor. 


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1 SEC. 3. SANCTIONS AGAINST PERSONS WHO KNOWINGLY 

2 PROVIDE MATERIAL SUPPORT OR RE3 SOURCES TO THE MUSLIM BROTHERHOOD 

4 OR ITS AFFILIATES, ASSOCIATED GROUPS, 

5 OR AGENTS. 

6 (a) SANCTIONS.— 

7 (1) IN GENERAL.—The President shall subject 

8 to all available sanctions any person in the United 

9 States or subject to the jurisdiction of the United 

10 States who knowingly provides material support or 

11 resources to the Muslim Brotherhood or its affili12 ates, associated groups, or agents. 

13 (2) DEFINITION.—In this paragraph, the term 

14 ‘‘material support or resources’’ has the meaning 

15 given such term in section 2339A(b)(1) of title 18, 

16 United States Code. 

17 (b) INADMISSIBILITY AND REMOVAL.— 

18 (1) INADMISSABILITY.—Notwithstanding any 

19 other provision of law, the Secretary of State may 

20 not issue any visa to, and the Secretary of Home21 land Security shall deny entry to the United States 

22 of, any member or representative of the Muslim 

23 Brotherhood or its affiliates, associated groups, or 

24 agents. 

25 (2) REMOVAL.—Any alien who is a member or 

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1 filiates, associated groups, or agents may be re2 moved from the United States in the same manner 

3 as an alien who is inadmissible under sections 

4 212(a)(3)(B)(i)(IV) or (V). 

5 (c) FUNDS.—Any United States financial institution 

6 (as defined under section 5312 of title 31, United States 

7 Code) that knowingly has possession of or control over 

8 funds in which the Muslim Brotherhood or its affiliates, 

9 associated groups, or agents have an interest shall retain 

10 possession of or control over the funds and report the 

11 funds to the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the De12 partment of the Treasury. 

Æ 


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