Filed 11/5/15 P. v. Valencia CA4/1

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COURT OF APPEAL, FOURTH APPELLATE DISTRICT

DIVISION ONE

STATE OF CALIFORNIA

THE PEOPLE,

Plaintiff and Respondent,

v.

JOSEPH G. VALENCIA,

Defendant and Appellant.

 D066316

 (Super. Ct. Nos. SCS266686,

 SCS260211)

APPEAL from a judgment of the Superior Court of San Diego County, Dwayne 

K. Moring and Ana L. Espana, Judges. Affirmed in part; reversed in part and remanded.

Cynthia M. Jones, under appointment by the Court of Appeal, for Defendant and 

Appellant.

Kamala D. Harris, Attorney General, Gerald A. Engler, Chief Assistant Attorney 

General, Julie L. Garland, Assistant Attorney General, Arlene A. Sevidal and Andrew 

Mestman, Deputy Attorneys General, for Plaintiff and Respondent.

Joseph G. Valencia appeals a judgment following his jury conviction of three 

drug-related offenses and misdemeanor vandalism. On appeal, he contends the trial court 
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erred by: (1) miscalculating his Penal Code1 section 4019 conduct credits; (2) imposing 

537-day misdemeanor sentences for all of his offenses; and (3) not staying the sentence 

for one of his offenses pursuant to section 654.2 The People concede the trial court erred 

as Valencia alleges.

FACTUAL AND PROCEDURAL BACKGROUND

Because Valencia challenges only the sentencing decisions of the trial court, we 

need not, and do not, discuss the facts underlying his convictions.

In February 2014, the jury found Valencia guilty of four offenses: (1) possession 

of methamphetamine (Health & Saf. Code, § 11377) (count 2); (2) possession of 

narcotics paraphernalia (Health & Saf. Code, former § 11364.1, subd. (a)) (count 3); (3) 

being under the influence of methamphetamine (Health & Saf. Code, § 11550, subd. (a)) 

(count 4); and (4) misdemeanor vandalism (§ 594) (count 5). Valencia admitted the truth 

of allegations he had one prior strike conviction within the meaning of the three strikes 

law (§§ 667, subds. (b)-(i), 1170.12) and had served one prior prison term (§§ 667.5, 

subd. (b), 668).

In May, the trial court denied Valencia's motion to dismiss the prior strike 

allegation and sentenced him to a total term of three years eight months in prison. The 

 

1 All statutory references are to the Penal Code unless otherwise specified.

2 Valencia initially contended his sentence must be vacated and remanded for 

resentencing under Proposition 47. However, in his reply brief, he withdrew that 

contention as moot, noting the trial court on March 4, 2015, granted his section 1170.18 

petition for resentencing under Proposition 47.
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court imposed a low term of 16 months for count 2, doubled to 32 months pursuant to the 

three strikes law, and a consecutive one-year enhancement for his prior prison term. 

Separate concurrent terms of 537 days were imposed for each of his misdemeanor 

convictions on counts 3 through 5. The court awarded him 269 days of actual custody 

credit, plus an additional 268 days of section 4019 conduct credit. Valencia timely filed a 

notice of appeal.3

On February 27, 2015, the trial court granted Valencia's section 1170.18 petition 

to recall his sentence. On March 4, the court concluded Valencia was entitled to 

sentencing as a misdemeanant, resentenced him on count 2 to 537 days in custody, and 

ordered him released with credit for time served. On June 9, we granted Valencia's 

request to augment the record on appeal with the trial court's minute orders dated 

February 27, 2015, and March 4, 2015.

DISCUSSION

I

Section 4019 Conduct Credits

Valencia contends, and the People agree, the trial court erred by not awarding him 

one additional day of section 4019 conduct credit. In originally sentencing Valencia to a 

 

3 On February 3, 2015, Valencia filed a motion requesting judicial notice of: (1) 

excerpts from the transcript of a September 27, 2005, hearing of a United States House of 

Representatives subcommittee; (2) a research report on methamphetamine; and (3) 

former versions of section 4019 and associated legislative analysis. The People oppose 

judicial notice of items 1 and 2 and do not oppose judicial notice of item 3. We grant 

Valencia's motion in part and take judicial notice of the documents in item 3. We deny 

his motion to take judicial notice of the remaining items (items 1 and 2).
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total term of three years eight months, the trial court awarded him 269 days of actual 

custody credit, plus an additional 268 days of section 4019 conduct credit.

In October 2011, section 4019 was amended, providing that most defendants can 

earn two days of conduct credit for every two days served in custody. (Stats. 2011, ch. 

15, § 482.) Valencia's offenses were committed in August 2013. Therefore, under 

amended section 4019, he was entitled to day-for-day conduct credits. Because he was 

awarded 269 days of actual custody credit, he was entitled to 269 days of section 4019 

conduct credits. The trial court erred by awarding him one less day of section 4019 

conduct credit than that to which he was entitled.

II

Concurrent 537-Day Misdemeanor Sentences on Counts 2 Through 5

Valencia contends, and the People agree, the trial court erred by imposing 

concurrent 537-day misdemeanor sentences for each of his offenses on counts 2 through 

5.

Counts 3 through 5. At Valencia's original sentencing in May 2014, the trial court 

imposed a low term of 16 months for count 2, doubled to 32 months pursuant to the three 

strikes law, and a consecutive one-year enhancement for his prior prison term. The court 

denied probation for counts 3 through 5 and granted Valencia credit for time served (i.e., 

537 days) on those counts. Its minute order reflects the imposition of concurrent 

sentences of 537 days on counts 3 through 5.

Valencia correctly asserts the trial court erred by imposing concurrent sentences of 

537 days for each of counts 3 through 5, all of which were misdemeanor offenses. By 
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awarding him 537 days credit as "time served," the court, in effect, imposed sentences of 

537 days for each of counts 3 through 5. However, misdemeanor sentences cannot 

exceed 364 days in county jail. (§ 18.5.) Therefore, the court's sentences on counts 3 

through 5 are unauthorized. Valencia requests, and we agree, that his sentences on 

counts 3 though 5 should be vacated and he be resentenced on those counts as 

misdemeanors with sentences of no more than 364 days.

Count 2. The trial court originally sentenced Valencia to a term of 32 months for 

his count 2 offense (Health & Saf. Code, § 11377 [possession of methamphetamine]). 

However, on February 27, 2015, the trial court granted Valencia's section 1170.18 

petition to recall his sentence. On March 4, it concluded he was entitled to sentencing as 

a misdemeanant, resentenced him on count 2 to a sentence of 537 days' custody, and 

ordered him released with credit for time served. However, by so doing, the trial court 

erred by imposing a sentence on the then-misdemeanor count 2 greater than the 364-day 

maximum allowed for misdemeanors. (§ 18.5.) Valencia requests, and we agree, that his 

sentence on count 2 should be vacated and he be resentenced on that count as a 

misdemeanor with a sentence of no more than 364 days.

Credits. Valencia also correctly asserts the trial court at his section 1170.18 

resentencing on March 4, 2015, did not award him credit for the days he spent in custody 

between his original sentencing (May 16, 2014) and his resentencing (March 4, 2015). 

Instead, it merely restated the number of credits awarded him at his original sentencing in 

May 2014 (i.e., 537 days). On remand of this matter, the court should award Valencia 

additional credit for those days served in custody (i.e., 292 days).
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III

Stay of Count 4 Sentence Pursuant to Section 654

Valencia contends, and the People agree, the trial court erred by imposing a 

concurrent sentence on count 4 rather than imposing and staying execution of that 

sentence pursuant to section 654. Section 654 provides: "An act or omission that is 

punishable in different ways by different provisions of law shall be punished under the 

provision that provides for the longest potential term of imprisonment, but in no case 

shall the act or omission be punished under more than one provision."

In this case, Valencia was convicted on count 2 of possession of 

methamphetamine (Health & Saf. Code, § 11377) based on his possession of 0.33 grams 

of methamphetamine, and on count 4 of being under the influence of methamphetamine 

(Health & Saf. Code, § 11550, subd. (a)). The People concede that amount could be 

consumed in a short period of time and was insufficient to support a finding Valencia 

harbored two separate criminal intents when he possessed and used that 

methamphetamine. The court should have imposed its sentence on count 4 and then 

stayed the execution of that sentence pursuant to section 654. (People v. Duff (2010) 50 

Cal.4th 787, 796; People v. Sweeney (2014) 228 Cal.App.4th 142, 154.) By not doing so, 

it erred.

DISPOSITION

The judgment is reversed to the extent the trial court: (1) awarded Valencia an 

incorrect number of section 4019 credits at his original sentencing and an incorrect 

number of custody credits on his resentencing; (2) sentenced him to custody greater than 
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364 days on counts 2 through 5; and (3) imposed a concurrent sentence for count 4 

without staying execution of that sentence pursuant to section 654. In all other respects, 

the judgment is affirmed. The matter is remanded for resentencing consistent with the 

views expressed in this opinion.

McDONALD, J.

WE CONCUR:

McCONNELL, P. J.

NARES, J.