COURT OF APPEALS OF VIRGINIA 

Present: Judges Elder, Beales and Senior Judge Willis 

Argued by teleconference 

LAGENE V. WATKINS 

v. Record No. 0342-06-1 

CITY OF HAMPTON DEPARTMENT 

 OF SOCIAL SERVICES 

LAGENE V. WATKINS 

v. Record No. 0364-06-1 

 MEMORANDUM OPINION*

CITY OF HAMPTON DEPARTMENT PER CURIAM 

 OF SOCIAL SERVICES SEPTEMBER 19, 2006 

LAGENE V. WATKINS 

v. Record No. 0365-06-1 

CITY OF HAMPTON DEPARTMENT 

 OF SOCIAL SERVICES 

LAGENE V. WATKINS 

v. Record No. 0366-06-1 

CITY OF HAMPTON DEPARTMENT 

 OF SOCIAL SERVICES 

 FROM THE CIRCUIT COURT OF THE CITY OF HAMPTON 

Wilford Taylor, Jr., Judge 

 J. Robert Harris, III, for appellant. 

 Rachel Allen, Assistant City Attorney, for appellee. 

 Robert G. Saunders (The Law Firm of Thomas L. Hunter, P.C., on 

brief), Guardian ad litem for the infant children. 

 *

 Pursuant to Code § 17.1-413, this opinion is not designated for publication. 
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 In a proceeding involving LaGene V. Watkins’ (“father”) minor children, S. and K., 

father argues that the trial court erred by changing the goal from return home to adoption. He 

also maintains the trial court erred by terminating his parental rights. Because the trial court’s 

decisions were based solely upon father’s incarceration, we vacate those decisions and remand to 

the trial court for further proceedings on the motion to rehear filed by father upon his release 

from prison. 

Background

On appeal, we view the evidence in the “‘light most favorable’ to the prevailing party in 

the circuit court and grant to that party the benefit of ‘all reasonable inferences fairly deducible 

therefrom.’” Toms v. Hanover Dep’t of Soc. Servs., 46 Va. App. 257, 262, 616 S.E.2d 765, 767 

(2005) (quoting Logan v. Fairfax County Dep’t of Human Dev., 13 Va. App. 123, 128, 409 

S.E.2d 460, 463 (1991)). 

 S., born February 12, 1998, and K., born April 29, 1999, were removed from their 

residence, along with their infant half-sister, on March 16, 2004. Father was incarcerated at the 

time of their removal, as was mother, who had been arrested on March 11, 2004. Mother and her 

children had been living with her boyfriend, Eric Logan, since 2001. On March 12, 2004, Logan 

was arrested and charged with six counts of felony child abuse of S. and K. These charges arose 

after S. and K. came under the care of the Hampton Department of Social Services (“DSS”). S. 

and K. had severe belt marks, areas of scabbing, and broken skin on their face, arms, and back. 

 Social worker Shelley Matthews, testifying on behalf of DSS, stated that the three 

children remained together in the same foster home since their removal. She visited them 

“monthly” and observed a strong bond between them and their foster mother. 

 At the time of removal, father’s anticipated release date was in 2011. As father remained 

incarcerated at the time of the termination hearing on January 4, 2006, a guardian ad litem was 
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appointed to represent him. On father’s behalf, the guardian ad litem opposed termination and 

offered into evidence a letter from father indicating he did “not want to lose [his] kids” and that 

he had “relatives who [could] help [him]” but that he “[could not] get in touch with them.” 

 Matthews testified at the termination hearing she was aware of father’s incarceration and 

was readily able to determine where he was incarcerated. However, Matthews noted, “He has 

not had any contact with me, and I have not had any contact with him.” She further 

acknowledged she had not attempted to get in touch with father to ascertain whether he had any 

relatives who presented potential placements for the children. 

 Matthews stated that father had not initially been “considered for placement or for any 

sort of services” because of his anticipated 2011 release date, but Matthews admitted she became 

aware, sometime prior to the termination hearing, that father’s anticipated release date had 

changed from 2011 to January 5, 2006, the day after the termination hearing. Nevertheless, 

Matthews stated she would not have proceeded any differently had she known of the new release 

date at an earlier “stage in the proceeding.” She explained that even assuming a January 2006 

release date, the children would have been in foster care for two years prior to his release, and 

would require additional time in foster care to allow father time “to [get] on his feet” after his 

release. 

 At the time of the termination hearing, the parties presented conflicting evidence about 

whether father would be released on January 5, 2006 or in 2011. After hearing the evidence, the 

trial court approved a change in goal to adoption and terminated father’s parental rights. The 

next day, on January 5, 2006, father was released from prison. On January 10, 2006, father filed 

a motion to rehear with the trial court, citing his release and seeking the opportunity to present 

evidence on his behalf. The trial court denied his motion, and these appeals followed. 
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Analysis

 Father argues the trial court erred by changing the goal from return to parent to adoption 

when he was incarcerated and when he was opposed to the change. He also argues that the trial 

court erred in basing its decision to terminate his parental rights solely upon his incarceration. 

Because we agree that the trial court erred in terminating father’s parental rights, we also vacate 

the trial court’s decision to approve the change in goal to adoption.1

 In essence, father challenges the sufficiency of the evidence supporting the circuit court’s 

termination under Code § 16.1-283(C)(2). “When addressing matters concerning a child . . . the 

paramount consideration of a trial court is the child’s best interests.” Logan, 13 Va. App. at 128, 

409 S.E.2d at 463. “In matters of a child’s welfare, trial courts are vested with broad discretion 

in making the decisions necessary to guard and to foster a child’s best interests.” Farley v. 

Farley, 9 Va. App. 326, 328, 387 S.E.2d 794, 795 (1990). When reviewing a decision to 

terminate parental rights, we presume that the trial court “thoroughly weighed all the evidence, 

considered the statutory requirements, and made its determination based on the child’s best 

interests.” Id. at 329, 387 S.E.2d at 796. Furthermore, “where, as here, the trial court heard the 

evidence ore tenus, its finding is entitled to great weight and will not be disturbed on appeal 

unless plainly wrong or without evidence to support it.” Martin v. Pittsylvania County Dep’t of 

Soc. Servs., 3 Va. App. 15, 20, 348 S.E.2d 13, 16 (1986). 

 “[W]e have held that ‘long-term incarceration does not, per se, authorize termination of 

parental rights . . . .’” Harrison v. Tazewell County Dep’t of Soc. Servs., 42 Va. App. 149, 163, 

590 S.E.2d 575, 582 (2004) (quoting Ferguson v. Stafford Dep’t of Soc. Servs., 14 Va. App. 333, 

 1

 “Our decision [in reference to] the termination order necessarily subsumes this aspect of 

[his] appeal because a preponderance-of-the-evidence standard governs judicial modifications of 

foster care plans.” Toms, 46 Va. App. at 265 n.3, 616 S.E.2d at 769 n.3 (citing Richmond Dep’t 

of Soc. Servs. v. Carter, 28 Va. App. 494, 497, 507 S.E.2d 87, 88 (1998); Padilla v. Norfolk Div. 

of Soc. Servs., 22 Va. App. 643, 645, 472 S.E.2d 648, 649 (1996)). 
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340, 417 S.E.2d 1, 5 (1992)). We have recognized, however, that long-term incarceration “‘is a 

valid and proper circumstance which, when combined with other evidence concerning the 

parent/child relationship, can support a court’s finding by clear and convincing evidence that the 

best interests of the child will be served by termination.’” Id. (quoting Ferguson, 14 Va. App. at 

340, 417 S.E.2d at 5). 

 Here, father was incarcerated at the time of the children’s removal and continued to be 

incarcerated at the time of the termination hearing, but DSS presented no other evidence in 

support of the petition to terminate his parental rights. DSS acknowledged it had “no contact” 

with father, and presented no evidence regarding whether the children had any bond with their 

father or his family, or whether he had the ability to care for his children upon his release. At the 

time of the hearing, DSS admitted it was aware that father might be released the next day; 

however, it noted that such information had no impact upon its decision to seek termination of 

father’s parental rights. Because the only proof offered by DSS in support of its petition for 

termination was the fact of father’s incarceration, it failed to prove by clear and convincing 

evidence that adoption was in the children’s best interests. Id.

 Accordingly, we vacate the trial court’s decision terminating father’s parental rights and 

remand this case for further proceedings on father’s motion to rehear. 

 Vacated and remanded.