MINUTES OF THE OCTOBER 25, 2021, VIDEOCONFERENCE MEETING

OF THE BOARD OF REGENTS

ATTENDANCE

This scheduled meeting of the Board of Regents (“Board”) of the Smithsonian Institution (“Smithsonian”) was held on 

October 25, 2021. Due to the COVID-19 (Coronavirus) pandemic, the Board conducted its scheduled meeting, 

including business and executive sessions, via videoconference. Board and Executive Committee Chair Steve Case 

welcomed Regents and staff and called the meeting to order at 10:00 a.m. Participating were Regents:

Chief Justice John G. Roberts, Jr., Chancellor1

Senator Catherine Cortez Masto 

Senator Patrick J. Leahy

Representative Doris Matsui

Representative Lucille Roybal-Allard

Representative Adrian Smith 

Ambassador Barbara M. Barrett 

Mr. Steve Case, Chair 

Mr. John Fahey

Mr. Roger W. Ferguson, Jr.

Mr. Michael Govan

Dr. Risa J. Lavizzo-Mourey, Vice Chair

Mr. Michael M. Lynton

Ms. Denise O’Leary

Mr. Franklin D. Raines

Mr. Dennis Keller, Smithsonian National Board Chair

Vice President Kamala D. Harris and Senator John Boozman were unable to participate. 

Smithsonian and Regent staff present by invitation of the Board were: 

Lonnie G. Bunch III, Secretary

Greg Bettwy, Chief of Staff to the Secretary

Craig Blackwell, Associate General Counsel2

Deron Burba, Chief Information Officer2

Monique Chism, Under Secretary for Education

Trevor Dean, Office of Senator Cortez Masto

Monica Didiuk, Office of Representative Smith 

Kate Forester, Deputy Chief of Staff to the Regents

Mallory Gianola, Special Assistant to the Regents

(recorder)

Kevin Gover, Under Secretary for Museums 

and Culture

Doug Hall, Acting Under Secretary for Administration

Cathy Helm, Inspector General

Becky Boutwell Kobberod, Head of Digital 

Transformation3

Janice Lambert, Chief Financial Officer

Judith Leonard, General Counsel 

Jeremy Marcus, Office of Representative Matsui

Julissa Marenco, Assistant Secretary for 

Communications and External Affairs and Chief 

Marketing Officer

Era Marshall, Director of the Office of Equal 

Employment and Supplier Diversity

Kevin McDonald, Office of Senator Leahy

Jeffrey P. Minear, Counselor to the Chief 

Justice

Meroë Park, Deputy Secretary and Chief Operating 

Officer

Vernon L. Simms, Director of the Office of 

Government Relations

Robert J. Spiller, Assistant Secretary for 

Advancement 

Ellen Stofan, Under Secretary for Science and 

Research

Porter N. Wilkinson, Chief of Staff to the Regents

Josh Yearsley, Office of Senator Cortez Masto

1 Recused from the Report of the Secretary

2 Participated in Executive Session only

3 Participated in Strategic Plan Implementation discussion only
2

BUSINESS MEETING

Report of the Secretary

Safety Protocols on 

Smithsonian Operations

Welcome and Regents’ 

Public Forum

Executive Committee 

Approvals

REPORT OF THE SECRETARY

Secretary Bunch updated the Board on the state of the Smithsonian at the 

October 25, 2021, meeting. The update focused on the Smithsonian’s ongoing 

response to the COVID-19 (Coronavirus) pandemic, specifically impacts of the 

vaccination mandate and safety protocols on Smithsonian operations. Following 

the Administration’s Executive Order, the Smithsonian announced on September 

14 that it will require all employees, affiliated staff, and contractors to be fully 

vaccinated by November 22, 2021, except in limited circumstances where a

person is legally entitled to a reasonable accommodation. The Secretary 

informed the Board that all official visitors and guests attending special events 

will be required to show proof of vaccination or proof of a negative COVID test 

upon arrival to a Smithsonian facility or Smithsonian-hosted event. In addition to 

the Executive Order, the Smithsonian will review guidance from the Office of 

Management and Budget (“OMB”) and the Office of Personnel Management 

(“OPM”) regarding vaccination mandates and attestation.

The Secretary also reminded the Board that for the public visiting Smithsonian 

museums and facilities in Washington, D.C., there is currently no vaccine 

requirement, but since September 9, 2021, New York City has required all visitors 

ages 12 and older to show COVID-19 vaccination proof before entering certain 

establishments, including the Cooper Hewitt, Smithsonian Design Museum and 

the National Museum of the American Indian in New York. The Smithsonian will 

continue to monitor vaccine mandates and health guidance from local and federal 

jurisdictions that may impact Smithsonian operations.

REPORT OF THE CHAIR OF THE BOARD AND EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE

Board and Executive Committee Chair Steve Case began his report by previewing 

the Regents’ annual public forum. The Board will host the public forum virtually to 

accommodate for the recommended safety precautions related to COVID-19. The 

event will be held on December 7 and will focus on advancing Our Shared Future 

both within the Smithsonian and throughout the global community, the

establishment of two new museums, and efforts to advance the Smithsonian as a 

virtual Institution.

Mr. Case also briefed the Board on actions taken by the Executive Committee on

behalf of the Board, pursuant to Board Bylaw 3.01. The Executive Committee

approved appointments and a gift for the National Museum of the American 

Latino; a corporate sponsorship for the National Museum of American History;

Regent committee member assignments for Barbara Barrett and Frank Raines;

appointments to the Smithsonian American Women’s History Museum;

appointments, reappointments, and bylaw amendments for the Smithsonian 

Institution Advisory Boards; the Fiscal Year 2022 Federal and Trust Consolidated 
3

Smithsonian Staff

Transitions

Consent Agenda

Questions on Written 

Committee Reports

Written Report of the 

Advancement

Committee

Budget; and the Fiscal Year 2023 Federal Budget Request to OMB. Mr. Case noted 

that the majority of the actions were related to the initial appointments to the 

Board of Trustees of the National Museum of the American Latino and the

Smithsonian American Women’s History Museum Council, and the Executive 

Committee’s approval was requested on behalf of the Board to accommodate the 

appointment terms, which took effect immediately.

To conclude his report, Mr. Case also recognized recent staff transitions. He 

informed the Board that Ronald Cortez, currently the chief financial officer and 

vice-chancellor of finance and administration at the University of California, 

Irvine, has been named the Smithsonian’s new Under Secretary for 

Administration, effective December 6. Mr. Case also thanked Acting Under 

Secretary for Administration Doug Hall for serving in the interim role, stewarding 

the many important functions performed by administration staff, and his 

leadership of the COVID-19 response team.

APPROVAL OF THE CONSENT AGENDA

The Consent Agenda (“Agenda”) was presented for the Board’s consideration. 

Congresswoman Doris Matsui recused herself from voting on the Agenda

because she was a candidate for appointment as an emeritus member of the 

Advisory Board of the Asian Pacific American Center. Action items listed on the 

October 25, 2021, Agenda included: the approval of minutes from the June 14, 

2021, and July 14, 2021, meetings of the Board of Regents; appointments and 

reappointments to four Smithsonian Institution Advisory Boards; and gifts and 

naming recognitions. Upon motion duly made and seconded, the Board voted to 

adopt the Agenda, constituting the approval of all action items listed therein.

See attached Actions 2021.10.01 (Minutes of the Board of Regents, Appendix A).

QUESTIONS ON WRITTEN COMMITTEE REPORTS

Next, Mr. Case provided an opportunity for Regent committee chairs and 

Smithsonian staff to answer questions on the written reports distributed in 

advance of the meeting by the Advancement Committee; Audit and Review 

Committee; Compensation and Human Resources Committee; Facilities 

Committee; Finance Committee; Governance and Nominating Committee; 

Investment Committee; Strategy, Innovation, and Technology Committee; and 

Office of Government Relations.

Written Report of the Advancement Committee

The Advancement Committee conducted a meeting on September 21, 2021. 

During the meeting, the Committee reviewed notable gifts and grants and voted 

to recommend three gifts and two administrative actions to the Board of Regents. 

The Committee also discussed fundraising for the new museums and reviewed 

plans for the next Smithsonian fundraising campaign. The Committee was briefed 
4

Written Report of the 

Audit and Review 

Committee

Written Report of the 

Compensation and 

Human Resources 

Committee

Written Report of the 

Facilities Committee

on the progress towards the fiscal year 2021 fundraising goal. As of July

31, 2021, the Smithsonian had raised $236.7 million towards its $200 million goal.

Written Report of the Audit and Review Committee

The Audit and Review Committee met on July 19, 2021. During the

meeting, the Committee approved the filing of the fiscal year 2020 Forms 990 and

990-T with the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) and approved the Smithsonian’s

external auditor, KPMG, performing non-audit services related to the preparation

and submission of forms to the IRS. The Committee also reviewed the

Smithsonian’s Enterprise Risk Management program, including its insurance and 

IT security programs; KPMG’s audit plan for fiscal year 2021; progress on the 

identified fiscal year 2019 and 2020 audit deficiencies; the Smithsonian’s annual 

conflict of interest reporting, and the recent activities of the Inspector General. 

The Audit and Review Committee also performed its annual review of the 

Committee Charter.

Written Report of the Compensation and Human Resources

Committee

The Compensation and Human Resources Committee conducted a meeting

on September 27, 2021. As is routine for the Committee, the September meeting

focused on the core decisions that guide the executive pay cycle, culminating with

the compensation recommendations that the Committee and the Board will

review in January 2022. During the meeting, the Committee voted to approve the 

list of disqualified persons for 2021 and 2022; the decision-making levels for the 

2022 compensation process; updated compensation philosophies for 2022; and 

the methodology for determining comparable compensation for Trust executive 

positions. The Committee also reviewed the preliminary investment incentive 

payouts, which will be brought to the Board for discussion at the January 2022 

Board meeting, and discussed the current contract with the Smithsonian’s 

independent compensation consultant Pearl Meyer. The Committee received 

updates on Smithsonian telework policies, the Smithsonian Employee Perspective 

Survey, the Smithsonian Enterprises annual incentive program, Trust fund 

mitigation strategies related to the impact of COVID-19 on the Institution, and 

personnel searches.

Written Report of the Facilities Committee

The Facilities Committee held a meeting on July 21, 2021. During the meeting, the 

Committee received updates on the progress of site selection for the two new 

Smithsonian museums, the Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden

revitalization, and revitalization of the Historic Core. The Committee also was 

briefed on the Facilities Capital and Maintenance programs for FY2021-FY2022, 

discussed construction cost drivers, and evaluated progress on the Smithsonian’s 

major capital projects, including the construction of a new greenhouse complex 

for the National Museum of Natural History (“NMNH”) and replacement of the 
5

Written Report of the 

Finance Committee

Written Report of the 

Governance and 

Nominating Committee

Written Report of the 

Investment Committee

electrical system, its major equipment, and associated components throughout 

NMNH. The Facilities Committee also performed its annual review of the 

Committee Charter.

Written Report of the Finance Committee

The Finance Committee conducted a meeting on August 26, 2021. During the

meeting, the Committee reviewed and voted to recommend that the

Executive Committee approve two motions on behalf of the full Board: (1)

the fiscal year 2022 federal and trust consolidated budget, and (2) the fiscal year

2023 federal budget for presentation to the Office of Management and

Budget. The Committee also received an update on Smithsonian Enterprises 

operations, was briefed on the Central Trust deficit, and reviewed the fiscal year 

2021 third quarter financial results. Revenues for the period totaled $1,152.8 

million; expenses totaled $1,209.4 million; and the Net Operating Loss for the 

period was $56.6 million. The Finance Committee also performed its annual 

review of the Committee Charter.

Written Report of the Governance and Nominating Committee

The Governance and Nominating Committee conducted a meeting on September

22, 2021. During the meeting, the Committee reviewed and voted to recommend 

that the Executive Committee approve three initial candidates for appointment to 

the Smithsonian American Women’s History Museum Council. The Governance 

and Nominating Committee also performed its annual review of the Committee 

Charter.

Written Report of the Investment Committee

The Investment Committee met on October 6, 2021. During the meeting, the 

Committee approved the proposed 2022 private investment commitment 

budgets. Additionally, the Committee reviewed the Endowment’s performance.

The Smithsonian Endowment’s preliminary performance report as of June 30, 

2021, showed the Endowment ending with assets of $2,397.4 million, returning 

42.3 percent for the year and outperforming the policy benchmark return of 29.3

percent. Against the Cambridge Associates peer universe of endowments and 

foundations, the Smithsonian ranks in the top decile for the trailing one, three, 

five, and ten-year periods. The Investment Committee also performed its annual 

review of the Committee Charter and voted to recommend a proposed 

amendment to its Charter. The amendment will update language in the Charter

to more accurately reflect current Committee practices.
6

Written Report of the 

Strategy, Innovation, 

and Technology 

Committee

Written Report of the 

Office of Government 

Relations

Smithsonian Related 

Legislation

White House 

Engagement

Congressional

Engagement

Written Report of the Strategy, Innovation, and Technology 

Committee

The Strategy, Innovation, and Technology Committee conducted a meeting on 

September 23, 2021. During the meeting, the Committee engaged in a discussion 

with senior staff on strategic planning implementation, focus areas, and 

initiatives. The Committee also received an update on the Smithsonian’s ecommerce strategy. The Committee further reviewed upcoming exhibitions and 

proposed revisions to Smithsonian Directive 603 – the Smithsonian’s internal 

review process designed to help identify in advance any potentially sensitive 

and/or controversial aspects of an exhibition.

Written Report of the Office of Government Relations

The Office of Government Relations (“OGR”) reported that on September 30, 

2022, the President signed into law H.R. 5305, the Extending Government

Funding and Delivering Emergency Assistance Act. The bill includes a short-term 

spending measure to fund the government from October 1, 2021, through 

December 3, 2021, and provides funding for Smithsonian operations and facilities 

projects at the same rate as fiscal year 2021 for the same period. The Smithsonian 

also submitted its fiscal year 2023 budget request to OMB in September 2021 and 

anticipates the OMB summary funding decision in November.

The Office of Government Relations is tracking bill S.2366, which will direct the 

Joint Committee of Congress on the Library to replace and remove all statues of 

individuals who voluntarily served in the Confederate States of America from 

display in areas of the U. S. Capitol. The bill directs the Architect of the Capitol to 

arrange to transfer and deliver any statue that is removed to the Smithsonian 

Institution. OGR is also monitoring four pieces of legislation related to

commemorative Congressional Gold Medals, including H.R.5287, S.2756, 

H.R.3325, and H.R.3642. Each of the bills directs a medal to go to the Smithsonian 

for display and research.

The Office of Government Relations continues to work closely with the White 

House and the Office of the First Lady’s staff on diversity, accessibility, access, and 

inclusion efforts. In June, the Smithsonian brought objects from the National 

Museum of American History (“NMAH”) to the White House for a temporary 

display recognizing Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Queer (“LGBTQ”) 

Pride Month, and in September, the Folklife Festival and NMAH provided objects 

for Hispanic Heritage Month. 

Despite enhanced telework for most Smithsonian and Congressional staff, regular 

oversight meetings, Congressional briefings, and hearings have continued. Most

Congressional engagement has focused on the National Museum of the American 

Latino, the Smithsonian American Women’s History Museum, and the 

Smithsonian’s digital and education strategic focus areas.

 
7

Update on Central Trust 

Deficit Mitigation 

Strategies

Strategic Discussion on 

New Smithsonian 

Museums

New Museums Funding 

Strategies

New Museums Site 

Selection

UPDATE ON CENTRAL TRUST DEFICIT MITIGATION STRATEGIES

Secretary Bunch along with Deputy Secretary and Chief Operating Officer Meroë 

Park updated the Board on the Central Trust deficit and potential mitigation

strategies identified by Smithsonian leadership to address the financial impact of 

the COVID-19 pandemic on the Institution’s Trust budget and the underlying 

Central Trust annual operating deficit. Deputy Secretary Park informed the Board 

that with the adverse impact of the COVID-19 shutdowns on business revenue, 

the accumulated deficit is estimated to reach $45 million by the end of fiscal year

2021. The Central Trust deficit reduction strategy will focus on reducing future 

Central Trust spending and expenses while enhancing revenue generating 

opportunities to increase revenue. The Smithsonian is planning to implement a 

series of reductions that would be phased over five years, to include a potential 

reduction to the 403B (Trust Retirement) contributions. The Secretary and Deputy 

Secretary informed the Board that Smithsonian leadership is evaluating additional 

strategies to address the accumulative deficit and achieve a balanced Central 

Trust budge, which will be presented to the Finance Committee and the Board.

STRATEGIC DISCUSSION ON NEW SMITHSONIAN MUSEUMS

Mr. Case introduced the strategic discussion on the two new Smithsonian

museums. The discussion focused on funding strategies and site selection. Mr. 

Case reminded the Board that the Regents have now appointed the required 

members for complete membership, including Regent representatives, to both 

the Board of Trustees for the National Museum of the American Latino (“NMAL”) 

and the Advisory Council of the Smithsonian American Women’s History Museum

(“SAWHM”). 

To begin, Chief Financial Officer Janice Lambert briefed the Board on the 

Smithsonian’s Congressional engagement strategy for funding of the two new 

museums. The Smithsonian submitted its fiscal year 2022 budget request to 

Congress on May 28, 2021. The request included $2 million for the National 

Museum of the American Latino and $2 million for the Smithsonian American 

Women’s History Museum. The request for the new museums will begin funding 

for planning and coordination teams to develop exhibitions, public programs, 

education, research, collections acquisition, technology, and capital fundraising. 

Ms. Lambert noted that no funds were appropriated in the fiscal year 2021 

spending bill for either museum, and the Smithsonian has begun fiscal year 2022 

operating under a Continuing Resolution (“CR”) which will impact funding and 

spending for the two new museums. The Smithsonian will present funding 

requests to Congress as part of the annual appropriations process over several 

fiscal years. 

Next, Acting Under Secretary for Administration Doug Hall updated the Board on 

the site selection process. The locations for the two museums are to be 

determined by the Board of Regents not later than two years after enactment of 

the bill – December 2022. Mr. Hall informed the Board that following an RFQ 
8

Strategic Plan 

Implementation and 

Cultural Alignment

Executive Session: 

Regents and Secretary

Executive Session: 

“Gatekeeper” Reports

process, the architectural engineering firm Ayers Saint Gross and Moya Design 

Partners, as a subconsultant, were selected to assist with site evaluation. The 

Regents reviewed the current site map of locations under consideration for the 

new museums. To comply with the statutory deadline, the Facilities Committee is 

expected to do a preliminary site selection review in April 2022 and an initial 

Regents’ discussion on site selection is planned for June 2022.

STRATEGIC PLAN IMPLEMENTATION AND CULTURAL ALIGNMENT

Secretary Bunch then briefed the Board on his vision for advancing Our Shared 

Future—both within the Smithsonian and throughout the global community—

including efforts to clarify and streamline focus in support of the Smithsonian’s 

strategic plan. The Smithsonian is accelerating the implementation of the 

strategic plan by defining five strategic focus areas, under the Our Shared

Future umbrella. The Secretary reviewed the overarching focus areas, to include 

digital, nimble, trusted source, science, and education. A small Strategic Planning 

Implementation Team will coordinate and track 25 pan-Institutional initiatives 

that will advance each of the strategic focus areas and guide implementation 

efforts over the coming months and years. The Secretary noted that the focus 

areas and initiatives reflect work the Smithsonian already has underway and 

incorporates new efforts like adapting to the New Normal.

As part of the discussion, the Board also heard from Becky Boutwell Kobberod, 

the new Head of Digital Transformation (“HDT”). The HDT position is the 

Smithsonian’s first leadership role devoted to developing a pan-Institutional 

digital strategy. Ms. Kobberod updated the Board on the Smithsonian’s digital 

transformation and reported on her first 60 days at the Smithsonian, specifically 

preliminary activities, early observations, and next steps such as conducting a 

current state analysis, establishing an Office of Digital Innovation, and leveraging 

data and virtual capabilities to support the two new museums.

EXECUTIVE SESSION 

The Board moved into an executive session at approximately 11:30 a.m. to 

discuss business and personnel matters. The Board received updates from the 

Secretary on matters including the progress of searches for vacant senior-level

positions and the historic $200 million donation From Jeff Bezos.

The Board continued the executive session with an opportunity to hear from each

of the Smithsonian’s Gatekeepers, including the Secretary, Acting Under Secretary 

for Administration, General Counsel, and Inspector General.

The Board concluded the October 25, 2021, meeting with a Regents-only 

executive session to review 2022 Board leadership elections, the fiscal year 2021 

Regents’ self-assessment, the governance report, and the commissioning of a 

portrait for a former Secretary.
9

Executive Session: 2022

Board Leadership

Elections

Executive Session: Fiscal 

Year 2021 Regents’ SelfAssessment

Executive Session: 

Governance Report

Portraits of Former 

Secretaries

Adjournment

The Board first reviewed the Governance and Nominating Committee’s

recommendations for the 2022 Board leadership elections. The Board discussed 

the election of Steve Case as Chair, Risa J. Lavizzo-Mourey as Vice Chair, and John 

Fahey as a member of the Executive Committee. As candidates under

consideration, Mr. Case, Dr. Lavizzo-Mourey, and Mr. Fahey recused themselves 

from the discussion and vote. Upon motions duly made and seconded, the Board 

voted to elect the proposed Chair, Vice Chair, and third member of the Executive

Committee.

See attached Actions 2021.10.02, 2021.10.03, and 2021.10.04 (Minutes of the

Board of Regents, Appendix A).

Governance and Nominating Committee Chair Doris Matsui led the Board’s 

review of the Regents’ fiscal year 2021 self-assessment. It was determined that 

the current format is effective in helping the Board to evaluate its performance 

and identify priorities for the year ahead, and the self-assessment will be 

distributed to the Regents following the October meeting.

Next, Mr. Case led the Board’s discussion of the governance report. Since 2015, 

the Board of Regents has regularly issued a governance report reflecting the 

Board’s commitment to transparency and governance best practices in the 

nonprofit sector. The Regents discussed the current format of the governance 

report and future reporting to external stakeholders.

In conclusion, Mr. Case updated the Board on the status of the former

Secretaries’ portraits. The Smithsonian’s collection includes oil paintings or 

photographs of all of the former Secretaries of the Institution. 

ADJOURNMENT

There being no further business to discuss, the meeting adjourned at

approximately 12:27 p.m.

Respectfully submitted,

Lonnie G. Bunch, III

Secretary
4

APPENDIX A: ACTIONS OF THE

OCTOBER 25, 2021, MEETING OF THE BOARD OF REGENTS

VOTED that the Board of Regents adopts the Consent Agenda, which constitutes the approval of all action 

items listed therein.

1 [2021.10.01]

VOTED that the Board of Regents approves the minutes of the June 14, 2021, and July

14, 2021, meetings of the Board of Regents.

VOTED that the Board of Regents approves the proposed slate of candidates for

appointment or reappointment to four (4) Smithsonian Institution Advisory Boards.

VOTED that the Board of Regents recognizes the generosity of Pivotal Ventures to the Smithsonian 

American Women’s History Museum and accepts the gift.

VOTED that the Board of Regents recognizes the generosity of Ms. Kelly M. Williams and

Mr. Andrew J. Forsyth to the Smithsonian American Art Museum and names the Kelly

M. Williams Gallery for 20 years or until the next comprehensive renovation of the

gallery, whichever occurs later.

VOTED that the Board of Regents recognizes the generosity of Mr. Jason Tilroe to the

Smithsonian American Art Museum and names the Tilroe Family Gallery for 20 years or

until the next comprehensive renovation of the gallery, whichever occurs later.

VOTED that the Board of Regents directs the funds identified for current use in support

of the mission of the National Museum of the American Indian. Further, the Board of

Regents authorizes the transfer of the funds identified for this purpose.

VOTED that the Board of Regents creates a quasi-endowment for the benefit of Friends

of the Smithsonian to support its mission. Further, the Board of Regents authorizes the

transfer of the funds identified for this purpose.

VOTED that the Board of Regents elects Steve Case as Chair of the Smithsonian Institution’s Board of Regents 

for a one-year term effective February 1, 2022.

2

 [2021.10.02]

VOTED that the Board of Regents elects Risa J. Lavizzo-Mourey as Vice Chair of the Smithsonian Institution’s 

Board of Regents for a one-year term effective February 1, 2022.

3

 [2021.10.03]

VOTED that the Board of Regents elects John Fahey as a member of the Smithsonian Board of Regents’ 

Executive Committee for a one-year term effective February 1, 2022.

4 [2021.10.04]

1 Doris Matsui recused from voting.

2 Steve Case recused from voting.

3 Risa J. Lavizzo-Mourey recused from voting. 4 John Fahey recused from voting.