Smithsonian | 2018

1 LOOKING AHEAD David Skorton

 Secretary, Smithsonian Institution

David Skorton Reflects

Because of Her

Democratizing Knowledge 

by Everyone for Everyone 

Adding Three-Dimensional Depth 

Teaching Machines to See

Finding My Story

All in a Day

Recognition and Reports 

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Contents

ifty years ago, as the Apollo program prepared 

to put man on the moon, the future arrived at 

America’s doorstep all at once. Our astronauts 

ushered in a new age of exploration and innovation, pushing humanity to consider horizons Fonce deemed unreachable. 

Today we live in an even more rapidly changing era—a time 

when new technologies enable cultural institutions even 

more effectively to honor history and heritage, invoke wonder 

and make our aspirations possible. 

In 2018, the Smithsonian embraced innovation as a driving 

force—our openness, creativity and capacity to take risks 

have never been more robust, as evidenced by our new 

strategic plan. It’s a collective legacy I’m extremely proud 

of as I look back on my four years as Secretary of this wonderful 

institution. Though my time here comes to an end in June 

2019, I leave the Smithsonian in the hands of enormously 

talented colleagues, and I am more confident than ever that 

it is primed to harness new ideas to create a better world. 

I am particularly excited about our collaboration with the 

Google Arts & Culture Lab. Together, we are applying technology like 3-D capture, machine learning and visualization 

to broaden access and change the way audiences can 

experience our nation’s history. In 2018, Google VR teamed 

up with the National Air and Space Museum to capture 

NASA’s space shuttle Discovery in 3-D and provide an 

astronaut’s view inside the orbiter’s flight deck—something 

the public had never seen before. 

Increasing our reach through digital platforms and new 

partnerships has become a core focus for the Smithsonian. 

For instance, the Institution is working with Washington, D.C., 

public schools to implement educational programs and 

resources for all pre-K–12 students in the District. At the 

same time, our Smithsonian Institution Traveling Exhibition 

Service brings exhibitions to museums, libraries, community 

centers, botanical gardens, schools and other institutions 

across the country. 

Our goal? To meet and empower young people wherever 

they are, whether in our own backyard or halfway around 

the globe. 
2 SMITHSONIAN | 2018 Ariana Curtis

Curator, Latinx History and Culture

National Museum of African American History and Culture

SMITHSONIAN | 2018 David Skorton

Secretary, Smithsonian Institution

This year, as we celebrate the 

centennial of women’s right to vote, 

we’re launching the Smithsonian 

American Women’s History Initiative, 

which strives to tell more complete 

stories of women and their contributions to the nation — in art, design, 

science, politics, education and 

more. This spirit informs a new 

exhibition at the National Portrait 

Gallery, Votes for Women: A Portrait 

of Persistence, exploring the lives 

and experiences of women often 

overlooked in the complex history 

of women’s suffrage. Google is 

also helping to develop digital 

content for the initiative. Here, 

machine learning can help us 

delve into our collections and 

archives and “uncover” previously 

untold stories about women. 

Our creative work applying technology to history and education is 

matched by our innovative efforts 

in science and sustainability. For 

instance, Smithsonian scientists 

are working to make coral reefs 

more resilient to the harmful 

impacts of global warming by 

LEFT

Pepper, a humanoid robot, greets 

Smithsonian visitors, offers directions 

and even poses for selfies.

mixing genes from different coral 

populations—a technique that 

speeds up adaptation. 

In 2018, scientists from the 

Smithsonian Conservation Biology 

Institute and partners in Florida 

and Curaçao became the first to 

use cryopreserved coral sperm to 

support gene migration of corals. 

Researchers fertilized live eggs 

from endangered elkhorn coral in 

Curaçao with frozen elkhorn coral 

sperm collected in Florida, Puerto 

Rico and Curaçao. The team then 

transported 20,000 larvae to 

Florida, where they are growing 

successfully in a lab environment. 

Innovation in our museums 

sometimes takes surprising forms. 

Last spring, we introduced a group 

of museum guides straight out 

of a sci-fi novel: four-foot-tall 

humanoid robots named Pepper. 

I have watched Pepper delight 

people of all ages as it chats 

with visitors, offers directions 

and interesting facts, poses 

for selfies and even dances. 

We intentionally stationed Pepper 

in some of our oldest areas, 

including the Castle, our first 

building, marrying our longestlived cultural inheritance with 

the newest ideas. 

This year’s annual report features 

experts from across the Smithsonian 

whose work represents the best of 

innovation for the public good. They 

provide an excellent bird’s-eye view 

of the many new approaches we 

are taking, each with the goal of 

opening new opportunities for 

learning and discovery. 

We often think of agility as a concept 

applied in the tech world, an aptitude that can streamline and improve 

commerce. At the Smithsonian we 

are proud to practice agility for 

different ends: to help people understand the world around them, introduce big ideas and tell a diverse 

range of human stories. 

I remain in awe of the many creative 

minds that build, teach and explore 

in our museums, research centers 

and educational programs every day. 

They continue to expand our sense 

of what is possible and push toward 

new horizons—a great gift to the 

nation and world. I cannot wait to 

see where they take us next. 

Because 

of Her

The Smithsonian American Women’s History 

Initiative seeks to amplify diverse representations 

of women in every possible way so that women 

show up not only in our contemporary realities 

but in our historical representations. 

Too often our public representations of women 

are enveloped in superlatives: ”the first American 

woman to....” They don’t reflect daily realities. 

Museums can literally change how hundreds of millions 

of people see women and which women we see. So 

rather than always being the first, or the most famous, 

it is also our responsibility to show everyday women 

whose stories have been knowingly omitted from our 

national and global histories. 

As a curator, I am empowered to change that 

narrative. I research, collect and interpret objects 

and images of significance. 

Celia Cruz, the queen of salsa, is significant—and 

an Afro Latina. The Smithsonian has collected her 

costumes and shoes, her portrait, her postage stamp 

and this reimagining by artist Tony Peralta. When I 

displayed this work it was a victory for symbolic 

contradictions: pride in displaying a dark-skinned 

Latina, a black woman in large rollers who straightens 

her hair, perhaps a nod to white beauty standards—

a refined glamorous woman in oversized chunky 

gold jewelry. When this work was on view, it was one 

of our most Instagrammed pieces. Visitors told me 

they connected with the everyday elements of her 

brown skin, or her rollers or jewelry.

I will continue to collect objects 

from extraordinary history makers. 

Their stories are important. But what 

drives me to show up, today and 

every day, is the simple passion to 

write our names in history, display 

them publicly for millions to see, 

and walk in the ever-present light 

that is woman.

ABOVE

M. Tony Peralta’s Celia con Rolos, 2015, was in the 

exhibition Gateways/Portales at the Anacostia 

Community Museum and is now part of the museum’s 

collection. The exhibition explored the experiences 

of Latino immigrants in Washington, D.C.; Baltimore; 

Charlotte and Raleigh-Durham, N.C. 

3
SMITHSONIAN | 2018 Effie Kapsalis SMITHSONIAN | 2018 Democratizing Knowledge by Everyone for Everyone 5

Senior Digital Program Officer 

RIGHT

Through his photographs, Thomas Smillie, 

the Smithsonian’s first staff photographer, 

recorded American life at the turn of the 

20th century. Pictured clockwise from top 

left, Mrs. Rhoda Oshkosh (Menominee), 1905; 

Roland Oshkosh (Menominee), 1905; David 

Tohin or Blue Hair (Iowa), 1903; He-cha-mon-in, 

Heskamai, or White Horns (Osage), 1904. 

National Anthropological Archives, 

National Museum of Natural History.

Democratizing 

Knowledge 

by Everyone 

for Everyone

The birth of the Smithsonian in 1846, an institution dedicated 

to “the increase and diffusion of knowledge among men,” 

occurred alongside the birth of photography, a technology 

that democratized what we see as human beings. 

At the time, Thomas Smillie, the Smithsonian’s staff photographer, experimented with the new medium to document 

the developing Smithsonian; its collections, exhibitions and 

expeditions; and the growing U.S. Capitol in Washington, D.C. 

His photographs, now in the Smithsonian Institution Archives, 

provide an important window into how the Smithsonian 

made sense of its ambitious mission. 

4
6 SMITHSONIAN | 2018

Democratizing Knowledge by Everyone for Everyone SMITHSONIAN | 2018

Democratizing Knowledge by Everyone for Everyone

7

students and lifelong learners 

create learning sets with our 

collections and digital resources 

through the Smithsonian Learning 

Lab. At the National Museum of 

Natural History, 2,545 citizen scien-

tists on six continents have set up 

camera traps— infrared-activated 

cameras

—and uploaded them to 

the museum’s eMammal project, 

capturing nearly 10 million pictures 

of species in their locales. Each 

year the number of people helping 

transcribe our collections through 

the Transcription Center grows. 

Today, more than 12,000 Digital 

Volunteers around the world are 

transcribing our bee specimen 

labels, Frederick Douglass papers 

and early Alaska expedition records 

so the texts can be accessible to 

human and machine queries. 

But the current crowd will look thin 

once we reach our audacious goal 

set out in the Smithsonian’s new 

strategic plan

—to reach 1 billion 

people a year with a digital-first 

strategy. How do we leverage tech

-

nology and partner with people, 

aka “the crowd,” to do this? 

One way will be through the 

Smithsonian American Women’s 

History Initiative. With this initiative 

we have an opportunity and a 

challenge to use technology and 

partner with “the crowd” in new 

ways to identify gaps in our collec-

tions and surface new stories 

about women to add to the web 

to present a more balanced view 

of U.S. history. 

The stunning

—yet daunting—

part is that we have an amazing 

breadth of resources from our 

172 years of existence that cut 

across women’s and girls’ experi-

ences. However, these stories 

of women represented in our 

objects, archives and libraries 

are not always obvious and often 

reflect our culture’s point of view 

on women at that particular time. 

Additionally, some of the technol-

ogies we will employ, like machine 

learning, have inherent gender 

biases, so we will need to improve 

ourselves and take the algorithms 

on the journey with us. 

This is the virtuous cycle we need 

to enter. We are an institution 

established for the increase and 

diffusion of knowledge among 

men, which in the 1800s was a 

bold statement because, at the 

time, knowledge was largely the 

purview of wealthy male land-

owners. Now, in the early decades 

of the 21st century, we have a duty 

as one of the most trusted resources 

in the world to share stories of and 

for all Americans, including women. 

I am reminded of the importance 

of this by one of our foremothers, 

Edith Mayo, curator emeritus 

of the National Museum of 

American History: “When you’re 

invisible people assume you’ve 

done nothing.”

THE GREAT 

OBJECT OF HUMAN 

THOUGHT IS 

THE DISCOVERY 

OF TRUTH OR, 

IN OTHER WORDS, 

TO ARRIVE AT 

CONCEPTIONS 

AND EXPRESSIONS 

OF THINGS WHICH 

SHALL AGREE 

WITH THE NATURE 

OF THINGS.

JOSEPH HENRY

RIGHT

Nearly 10 million pictures of species 

in their locales have been uploaded 

to the eMammal project by citizen 

scientists around the world. Visit 

emammal.si.edu to see more.

I was surprised to learn of 

other “early adopters” in 

our institution’s history. 

Pam Henson, the 

Smithsonian historian, 

tells a story of the first 

Smithsonian Secretary, physicist 

Joseph Henry, setting up a network 

of citizen weather observers in 

1849 to collect information across 

the United States. He used the 

telegraph, a new technology he 

had a hand in developing. The data 

he collected from these volun-

teers

—or as we call them today, 

“the crowd”

— helped demonstrate 

that weather patterns move from 

west to east, information critical to 

our agricultural industry. 

Henry’s early crowdsourcing 

experiment was the seed for the 

establishment of the U.S. National 

Weather Service. His experiment 

is so notable that Wikipedia cites it 

as the fourth documented example 

of crowdsourcing in history. 

Since our forebears were experi-

menting with technology and 

crowdsourcing, I point to them if 

I ever get pushback on involving 

“the crowd” in my projects. Where 

my work deviates is in the technology 

I use, which is more complex and 

ubiquitous, and the crowds, which 

are more diverse and far-flung. 

Henry’s crowd

—more than 600—

pales in comparison to the numbers 

of citizen scientists and virtual 

volunteers who contribute to the 

Smithsonian’s mission today. 

Nearly 48,000 U.S. teachers, 
8

9 SMITHSONIAN | 2018 Vince Rossi 3-D Program Supervisor Digitization Program Office

Adding ThreeDimensional 

Depth 

Throughout human history we have used a near-infinite 

range of tools to share our knowledge and insight into 

the world around us. Hand drawings bring the natural 

world into sharper focus. Microscopes and telescopes 

bring the unseen into view. Photography and video 

make it possible to capture a moment in time and 

share it with virtually anyone. 

These methods have one common quality: They are 

two-dimensional representations of a three-dimen-

sional world. However, with the recent development 

of noncontact three-dimensional (3-D) scanning devices, 

our ability to document the world has been revolutionized. 

RIGHT

The technology of 3-D scanning makes 

thousands of Smithsonian objects— 

from ancient Chinese coins to starfish—

instantly accessible.
10 11

oday, by 3-D 

scanning an object 

we make it instantly 

accessible via the 

web, and allow 

anyone to experi-

ence the object using any number 

of platforms, from an augmented 

reality (AR) app on a cellphone to 

an immersive virtual reality (VR) 

experience using a headset. We are 

expanding our perception beyond 

the constraints a two-dimensional 

depiction offers. How we leverage 

this revolution will help define the 

Smithsonian of the future. 

My career followed a similar trajec-

tory from the concrete world to a 

virtual one. A sculptor most of my life, 

I consider form a means of communication. I studied art in Philadelphia, 

then worked as a fabricator of props 

and costumes for film, opera and 

theater in London. By 2004, I was 

using molds and casts for Smithsonian 

Exhibits to create objects from images, 

many of which found their way into 

museum exhibitions. 

My life as a sculptor

—working with 

clay, resins and metal

—was trans

-

formed when the Digitization Program 

Office purchased the Smithsonian’s 

first 3-D scanner, then an industrial 

3-D printer. The ability to scan an

object without touching it and create

a lifelike replica was pure magic.

I now scan objects and specimens 

across the Smithsonian. The variety and 

breadth are humbling

—from millionyear-old whale fossils in Chile to the 

Apollo 11 Command Module. 

More than ever I understand how 

3-D digitization will transform the

Smithsonian and how our scholars

and scientists document, study

and share our enormous collection.

With less than 1 percent of our nearly 

155 million objects on display, 3-D 

scanning renders what was once 

inaccessible readily available. We 

created the first Smithsonian 3-D 

viewer online through a partnership 

with Autodesk to revolu

tionize 

our storytelling, where the object 

becomes a window for storytelling. 

This viewer is a powerful new tool 

that allows us to share our data with 

the world

— setting it free for users 

to experience online or download. 

The examples of what happens when 

you unleash data are astounding. A high 

school student in Colorado Springs, 

Colo., created his own virtual reality 

exhibition of our recently scanned 

presidential busts at the National 

SMITHSONIAN | 2018Adding Three-Dimensional Depth SMITHSONIAN | 2018

Adding Three-Dimensional Depth

Portrait Gallery. I thought users would 

make 3-D prints of the busts. This 

student took it much further, creating 

his own home museum.

And his is not an isolated case. 

Teach

ers are using our scan of the 

1903 Wright Flyer to teach the fun

damentals of flight, an artist in Japan 

added joints to a model of a woolly 

mammoth and printed a movable 

toy (sharing his creative data back 

with the Smithsonian), and students 

around the world can now virtually 

sit inside the Apollo 11 Command 

Module and explore its details down 

to the astronauts’ handwritten 

graffiti. By allowing free access we 

encourage educators to bring the 

Smithsonian’s content directly into 

their classrooms in powerful, 

engaging and immersive ways. 

So, what does the future hold for 

us at the Smithsonian? 

We are introducing more and more 

automation into our work, pulling 

content out from the shadows of 

our hidden collections, and devel-

oping a Smithsonian 3-D data hub 

(API), which will enable any platform 

to access our data, whether for 

an augmented reality experience 

on a smartphone or virtual gallery 

experienced through a VR headset. 

With the development of this public 

data hub we are meeting the mem- bers of our audience where they 

live, by allowing the platforms they 

already use to become portals to 

Smithsonian content. We position 

ourselves not as the gatekeepers of 

this information but as gateways to 

a new know

ledge. We hold the raw 

ingredients for discovery, but the 

future of know

ledge lies with those 

who will unlock it. After all, it is there 

for anyone, anywhere, who wishes 

to turn the key.

T

ABOVE

Renderings: Tyrannosaurus rex (vertebra cast), 

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Omaha district 

and The Museum of the Rockies, Montana State 

University; Triceratops horridus (composite cast), 

National Museum of Natural History; Massimiliano 

Ravenna, George Washington, 1819, after 

Giuseppe Ceracchi, 1792, National Portrait 

Gallery; Lace coral (pocillopora damicornis), 

collected 1992, Bismarck Sea, Papua New Guinea, 

National Museum of Natural History

RIGHT

A rendered 3-D scan of astronaut Neil Armstrong’s 

space-suit helped conserve the suit and will 

provide the public with a new view of the artifact.
13 [TYPE SECTION HERE] [SUBSECTION HERE] SMITHSONIAN | 2018

Teaching 

Machines 

to See 

The potential for artificial intelligence (AI) to make 

sense of our era’s deluge of big data is enormous. 

And the Smithsonian, with an encyclopedic collection of objects and specimens spanning centuries, 

is an ideal AI test bed. 

How? AI could allow for a more intuitive search for 

images by cross-referencing other images, or with 

rapid, automatic transcription of handwritten labels. 

It also might reveal artistic influences between 

unrelated works, or ease the daunting task of 

charting genetic relationships among the planet’s 

biodiverse organisms. 

12

RIGHT

Unknown, Moonwatch Volunteers, 1965. 

Smithsonian Institution Archives

The Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory 

(SAO) launched Operation Moonwatch in 

1956, training citizen astronomers to spot 

artificial satellites and gather statistics for 

SAO’s computation center, in an era before 

the launch of optical tracking stations. This 

was an early example of how machines 

revolutionized research by facilitating the 

collection and interpretation of scientific data.
After these successes, we recog

-

nized that similar AI approaches 

could be applied across all different 

kinds of collections at the Smithsonian. 

Along with the Smithsonian Research 

Computing Office inthe Office of 

the Chief Information Officer and 

the Google Arts & Culture Lab, we 

convened a workshop in late 2018 

bringing together more than 

40 experts from 22 Smithsonian 

museums and research centers

 to introduce AI’s possibilities. 

One result: a real-time demon

-

stration of how to train a machine 

to learn algorithms to recognize 

unique hand gestures that can 

call up $1, $5 and $10 bills from 

the National Museum of American 

History’s numismatics collection. 

“Artificial intelligence has the 

potential to help us re-examine 

and recatalog our collection so 

that objects have more context 

and can be used in different ways,” 

says Diane Zorich, director of the 

Digitization Program Office. 

The next challenge is to expand 

the processes like those tested on 

the botany collections, streamlining 

them into a systematic approach 

that can be used across the Smithsonian 

and eventually in other museums 

and research institutions. 

SMITHSONIAN | 2018Teaching Machines to See

revolution is 

underway, in fact. 

It started with the 

most unassuming 

of things: plants. 

Specifically, using thousands of digital 

photos of mosses and ferns in the 

National Herbarium collection at the 

National Museum of Natural History, 

two pilot projects showed the enor-

mous potential for artificial intelligence 

to com

pletely reshape how scholars 

can quarry the Smithsonian’s vast 

holdings for research. 

Using super-fast computers, 

Smithsonian researchers initially 

put an AI computer program to 

work analyzing more than 15,000 

digital photographs of mosses. 

Some specimens had been treated 

with mercury to protect them 

from pests, while others had not. 

Though the staining is evident to 

the human eye, researchers sought 

to determine whether a computer 

could learn to “see” the discoloration 

too. It did, 91 percent of the time. 

Next, they used 140,000 images 

of ferns from 86 different genera. 

The goal: to test whether the program 

could teach itself to identify the genus 

with no infor

mation other than the 

image of the plant. The computer 

was successful 95 percent of the time. 

Where it missed the mark was between 

closely related species with only 

microscopic physical differences. A

LEFT

Tony Reyna (Taos Pueblo), Kachina Doll Mother, 

1960–1963. Gift of Elsie W. Latham, National 

Museum of the American Indian 

Artificial intelligence might be taught to 

differentiate among types of kachina dolls 

used in Hopi ceremonies. 

Zorich adds that the Smithsonian also might play a role in correcting 

biases that remain prevalent in AI. 

For instance, AI that initially identi-

fies a particular Hopi object as a 

doll might be taught to correctly 

identify it as a kachina. And once 

this identification is made, AI might 

be taught to differentiate the types 

of kachinas used in certain ceremo-

nies. That’s where the hand of a 

curator comes in, the person 

familiar with an object’s deeper 

story, and the input of data scientists, 

who can program the machines 

with data context. 

“We’re hoping that our work may 

help drive AI development, to 

push companies doing AI to 

address biases better in the work 

they’re doing,” Zorich says. “It’s just 

a theory now, but the Smithsonian —and all museum collections— could bring something valuable 

to the table for tech companies 

jumping on the AI bandwagon.” 

TEACHING 

MACHINES TO 

“SEE” NUANCES 

AND BRINGING 

TOGETHER OBJECTS 

FROM ACROSS 

THE SMITHSONIAN 

COLLECTION 

WOULD BE A 

GAME CHANGER.

DIANE ZORICH

14 SMITHSONIAN | 2018

Teaching Machines to See 15
[TYPE SECTION HERE] [SUBSECTION HERE] 16 FINDING MY STORY National Museum of American History

Finding 

My Story 

Twenty-some years ago when I became a 

National Museum of American History curator 

in the history of medicine, I was doing straight-up 

history of medicine—a little infectious disease, 

a few prosthetics, a big dose of ophthalmology. 

The objects were my teachers. As engaging as 

they were, my attention wandered. 

I became increasingly aware—then frustrated— 

that the presence of gender-nonconforming, nonbinary rebellious spirits like myself was missing from 

the galleries and deeply buried in the storerooms. 

Invisibility has had dangerous consequences 

throughout history as well as in our own time. 

There is a lot at stake. 

LEFT 

Fifty years ago, the Stonewall protests in New York City 

launched a national movement for gay rights. 1

17
18 SMITHSONIAN | 2018 National Museum of the American Indian 19

e don’t have 

a formal 

division or 

collecting 

program 

devoted 

to LGBTQ+ history, but through 

the years several of us have been 

consciously collecting and documenting this history. The academic 

scholarship of the last few decades 

made this work much easier, and 

major social changes made it a 

lot safer. 

This year marks the 50th anniversary 

of the Stonewall uprising in New York 

City. Those five hot summer nights 

of protests by bar patrons who were 

sick of police harassment are often 

called the beginning of the modern 

gay rights movement. In organizing 

for the anniversary, it is crucial to 

demonstrate that the struggle for 

rights, inclusion and even existence 

began long before Stonewall. 

Smithsonian objects are still eloquent 

teachers. They are powerful evidence 

of the presence and influence 

of LGBTQ+ people throughout 

American history, from those who 

came before “gay” was an identity, 

from actress Charlotte Cushman, 

who played both male and female 

dramatic roles, and President James 

Buchanan in the mid-1800s (although 

his niece destroyed his letters, 

Washingtonians considered him 

a couple with Senator and future 

Vice President William Rufus King) 

to basketball’s Jason Collins, the 

1990s hit show Will and Grace, and 

hundreds of buttons, T-shirts and 

publications from across the country. 

Museums hold ideas up for discussion and help us coexist with hard 

issues. This is one of the most 

significant contributions we make 

to the civic good. The National 

Museum of American History 

recently accessioned artifacts 

from Matthew Shepard, who 

was targeted as gay and brutally 

murdered 20 years ago. 

For marginalized people and the 

histories that have been ignored 

or erased, information carries even 

greater weight. Schools have found 

that simply acknowledging LGBTQ+ 

existence reduces bullying and 

makes the school environment safer. 

Just naming it makes us all safer. 

How simple is that? 

Katherine Ott, curator

SMITHSONIAN | 2018 National Museum of American History

 

RIGHT

William Page, Charlotte Cushman, 1853. 

National Portrait Gallery 

One of the best-known American 

actresses in the 19th century, Charlotte 

Cushman won praise for portraying 

Romeo, Hamlet and Cardinal Wolsey, 

as well as Lady MacBeth. 

MUSEUMS HOLD 

IDEAS UP FOR 

DISCUSSION AND 

HELP US COEXIST

WITH HARD ISSUES.

KATHERINE OTT

W

2

Native American Innovators

Jane Mt. Pleasant, a renowned 

Native agricultural scientist and 

member of the Tuscarora Nation, 

studies Haudenosaunee agricultural 

practices, specifically corn and the 

productivity of the “three sisters” 

cropping system—planting corn 

alongside squash and beans. 

Though a monoculture of corn 

yields a more bountiful crop, her 

research proves that when the 

“three sisters” are planted together, 

the nutritional values are higher 

and provide a more sustaining meal. 

Mt. Pleasant’s years of research 

are the basis of a game at the new 

imagiNATIONS Activity Center 

at the National Museum of the 

American Indian–New York, George 

Gustav Heye Center. The Cropetition 

Challenge asks players to choose 

the best combination of crops for 

nourishing their families. The game 

rewards cooperation over competition, reinforcing a holistic Native 

American approach to critical 

thinking, creative problem-solving 

and sustainability.

Native people are the original 

innovators of the Americas, in areas 

ranging from agriculture to chemical 

processes to advanced engineering. 

Through games, hands-on activities 

and interactive media, imagiNATIONS 

demonstrates the complex scientific 

principles behind the innovations, 

such as the geometry used to ensure 

igloos won’t bulge or cave in, the 

advanced mathematics developed 

by the Maya, and the physics Arctic 

hunters used to catch game.

“Teachers and students alike 

are amazed to learn about the 

many innovations developed by 

Indigenous peoples throughout 

the Americas,” says Johanna 

Gorelick, the education services 

manager for the museum. “This 

topic is largely absent from most 

school curricula.” 

The activity center is made possible by 

the United States Congress and the City 

of New York, with support from the Office 

of the Mayor, New York City Council, and 

the Manhattan Borough President’s Office 

through the Department of Cultural Affairs. 

Lead funding is provided by Valerie and John 

W. Rowe and The Rockefeller Foundation. 

Major funding is provided by the Booth 

Ferris Foundation, Margaret A. Cargill 

Philanthropies, Margot and John Ernst, 

The George Gund Foundation in memory 

of George Gund III, the Nathan Cummings 

Foundation, the National Council of the 

National Museum of the American Indian 

and The Walt Disney Company. Additional 

funding provided by Catherine Morrison 

Golden, the New York State Council on 

the Arts with the support of Governor 

Andrew M. Cuomo and the New York State 

Legislature and the Rauch Foundation.

ABOVE

In the imagiNATIONS Activity Center, students 

learn how Native people were the original 

innovators in the Americas. 
20 SMITHSONIAN | 2018 National Portrait Gallery SMITHSONIAN | 2018 Anacostia Community Museum 21

4

History by and for the People 

You built this neighborhood. Get 

to know it. That’s exactly what 

Washingtonians did during the 

40th annual Adams Morgan Day 

street festival last fall. They listened 

to Smithsonian Curator Samir 

Meghelli interview local activists. 

They viewed his pop-up exhibition 

drawn from the Smithsonian 

Anacostia Community Museum’s 

A Right to the City, which explores 

how ordinary citizens have a hand 

in developing neighborhoods by 

fighting for good schools, green 

spaces and public transportation. 

Meghelli’s conversations and the 

pop-up exhibition were produced 

in conjunction with American 

University’s Humanities Truck, 

an experimental recording and 

exhibition space on wheels. During 

the festival, Meghelli recruited more 

residents to participate in future 

oral history interviews. 

“We tell stories from the perspective of the people who’ve lived 

through and shaped history in 

this city,” Meghelli says. “This 

requires deep and sustained 

engagement in the communities 

themselves.” 

A Right to the City was funded by the DC Commission on the Arts and Humanities, which receives support from the National Endowment 

for the Arts, and from the Historic Preservation Fund, administered by the National Park Service, Department of the Interior. In addition, 

this exhibition received federal support from the Asian Pacific American Initiatives Pool, administered by the Smithsonian Asian Pacific 

American Center. Additional support was provided by the Smithsonian Women’s Committee. 

ABOVE Tenant protest in Washington, D.C.’s Adams Morgan neighborhood, 1978.

3

Bringing Shadows to Light 

“Traditionally, portraiture was an elite art form 

that favored those in power,” says Kim Sajet, 

director of the National Portrait Gallery. Cutpaper silhouettes, however, provided a quick 

and inexpensive way to capture the likenesses 

of all kinds of people during the decades that 

preceded the advent of photography. 

Black Out: Silhouettes Then and Now shed 

light on everyday lives that frequently have 

been eclipsed from our national narrative. 

For example, the exhibition included portraits 

of people who had been enslaved and the 

first known image of a same-sex couple, 

Sylvia Drake and Charity Bryant, who lived 

and worked together in early 19th-century 

Vermont. “When people see those who look 

like themselves, they can realize that they 

have within them all the ingredients to make 

their own important contributions to the 

national narrative,” Sajet says. 

The show also called attention to extraordinary 

artists such as Moses Williams, a former slave, 

and Martha Ann Honeywell, a woman born 

without hands who cut silhouettes using her 

mouth. Works by contemporary female artists 

reconceptualized the silhouette to explore 

how questions of gender, race and representation persist in modern-day America. 

Black Out: Silhouettes Then and Now was made possible 

by the Thoma Foundation, Andrew Oliver Jr. and Daniel 

Oliver, Mr. and Mrs. Michael H. Podell, Dr. and Mrs. Paul 

Carter, The Richard and Elizabeth Dubin Family Foundation, 

The Forman Family Foundation, Glen and Sakie Fukushima, 

Stephanie and Timothy Ingrassia, Philip and Elizabeth Ryan, 

The Abraham and Virginia Weiss Charitable Trust, Amy and 

Marc Meadows, the Barbara Lee Family Foundation and an 

anonymous donor. Additional support was provided by the 

American Portrait Gala Endowment.

BELOW

Auguste Edouart, Oliver Caswell, 1843. Gift of 

Robert L. McNeil, Jr., National Portrait Gallery

Silhouettes—cut-paper profiles—were a hugely 

popular and democratic form of portraiture in the 

19th century, offering virtually instantaneous 

likenesses of everyone from presidents to those 

who were enslaved. Black Out: Silhouettes Then 

and Now examined the art form and its rich 

historical roots.
22 SMITHSONIAN | 2018 Smithsonian American Art Museum and Renwick Gallery SMITHSONIAN | 2018 Smithsonian Science Education Center 23 5

Collaborative Creativity 

In the Smithsonian American Art 

Museum’s Renwick Gallery, on a 

blackboard stenciled with the 

provocatively incomplete phrase 

“Before I die I want to...,” someone 

scrawled, “Be rich with love.” 

Someone else wrote, “Swim in 

every sea.” 

No Spectators: The Art of Burning 

Man broke the boundaries between 

art and audience with a stunning 

collection of participatory works 

from the annual Burning Man 

gathering in Nevada’s Black Rock 

Desert. The exhibition took over 

the entire Renwick and included 

public art sculptures in the 

surrounding neighborhood. 

Viewers were invited to leave their 

thoughts. Hidden in a niche in 

the Temple, an intricately carved 

wooden structure filling the Bettie 

Rubenstein Grand Salon, a visitor 

wrote on a piece of recycled wood, 

“It doesn’t feel real yet....” 

“It’s all about being there, being 

fully present and not just observing,” 

says Nora Atkinson, the museum’s 

Lloyd Herman Curator of Craft. 

“This exhibition also invites people 

to talk with their neighbors as they 

interact with the art.” 

The nonprofit Burning Man Project 

advised Atkinson on her selections 

for the exhibition, and the local 

Burning Man community volun-

teered as museum greeters. 

Atkinson adds, “Burning Man art 

is all about creating community.” 

BELOW

No Spectators: The Art of Burning Man 

featured a temple created by David 

Best and the Temple Crew to be 

adorned with visitor inscriptions.

ABOVE

A scientist from Johnson & Johnson 

visits a STEM classroom in Costa Rica to 

teach about the science of sound, using 

a lesson developed by the Smithsonian 

Science Education Center.

6

You Can’t Be Her 

If You Don’t See Her 

Growing up in Pittsburgh, Carol 

O’Donnell didn’t know any women 

scientists, but that didn’t stop her. 

She loved science, earned a Ph.D., 

and taught physics. Now, as the 

director of the Smithsonian Science 

Education Center, which is trans-

forming the teaching and learning 

of K-12 science throughout the 

nation and the world, O’Donnell 

wants the next generation of 

girls to pursue careers in science, 

technology, engineering and math 

(STEM)—despite today’s odds that 

show women are significantly 

underrepresented in these fields. 

“We bring female engineers, scientists, 

technologists and manufacturers 

into classrooms to engage with 

students,” O’Donnell says. “We are 

not only creating those gateway 

experiences for young girls, but 

are providing them with the role 

models they need so that they can 

see themselves in others and chart 

a course toward a STEM career.” 

The center, which provides a 

curriculum based on Smithsonian 

science to schools around the world, 

is partnering with Johnson & Johnson 

to make sure girls remain on track 

to study STEM. The joint initiative, 

Women in STEM Manufacturing 

and Design (WiSTEM

2D), has 

reached more than 50,000 

young people. 

IF A YOUNG GIRL 

SEES SOMEONE IN 

A STEM ROLE, SHE 

WILL BELIEVE SHE

CAN DO THAT TOO.

CAROL O’DONNELL

Intel provided generous financial and inkind support as the lead sponsor of the 

exhibition. Additional financial support 

was provided by the Carolyn Small Alper 

Exhibitions Fund, Sarah and Richard 

Barton, the Bently Foundation, the Diane 

and Norman Bernstein Foundation, 

The Bronner Family, the Elizabeth Broun 

Curatorial Endowment, DAWSON 

Companies, the James F. Dicke Family 

Endowment, Ed Fries, Ping Fu, the James 

Renwick Alliance, Nion McEvoy, Debbie 

Frank Petersen, Bobby Sarnoff, Albert H. 

Small, Myra and Harold Weiss, Kelly 

Williams and Andrew Forsyth, and an 

anonymous donor.
24 SMITHSONIAN | 2018 Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute SMITHSONIAN | 2018 National Museum of African American History and Culture 25

8

Taking a Moment to Reflect 

At the National Museum of African 

American History and Culture we 

ask visitors to reflect on their experiences by answering one of four 

questions, including: “Which of 

the exhibitions that you just walked 

through are most memorable to 

you and why?” and “How do you 

think race and racism affect your 

day-to-day activities and why?” 

Their answers encompass a wide 

range of moving and thoughtful 

responses and are recorded in our 

Reflections Booths, located on each 

museum level—Slavery and Freedom: 

1400–1877, The Era of Segregation: 

1876–1968, and A Changing America: 

1968 and Beyond.

I am ever amazed that a complete 

stranger can bring tears to my eyes 

in such a short span of time. Visitors 

email the recordings to themselves 

and can share them with us. We use 

the shared recordings in a variety of 

ways: Some are posted on our YouTube 

page or on Twitter, others are incorporated into short documentaries, and 

still others find their way into outreach 

presentations given by our staff. So far, 

we have collected more than 45,000 

reflections—and no two stories are 

the same. The possibilities for their 

impact are endless.

Kelly Elaine Navies, oral historian ABOVE

Visitors to the National Museum of 

African American History and Culture 

reflect on issues of race and equality.

7

The Power of Citizen Scientists 

As birdsongs fill the air, the first 

rays of dawn pierce the mist over a 

Northern Virginia meadow. A group 

of people stands close together, 

listening intently. One names each 

bird she hears or sees within 100 

meters—she’s been rigorously 

trained and tested for the task—

while the others take notes. 

They continue for 10 minutes. 

If they’re very lucky, they’ll hear 

the distinctive call of the northern 

bobwhite, which has suffered a 

significant population decline. 

These volunteer citizen scientists 

are conducting a survey for Virginia 

Working Landscapes, a privately 

funded program of the Smithsonian 

Conservation Biology Institute. In 

2018, citizen scientists donated 

nearly 2,000 hours to the program, 

completing about 500 surveys of 

birds, bumblebees, arthropods 

and grassland plants. 

BELOW

Populations of the northern bobwhite 

have declined since the 1930s. The 

Smithsonian, conservation groups and 

landowners are creating healthy habitats 

to maintain the birds’ population.

Their data—gathered mostly on 

private agricultural land, then 

shared with participating landowners at the end of the year— 

reveal the impact on native biodiversity of land-use practices, 

such as the choice of grasses to 

plant in pastures. “We couldn’t 

exist without citizen scientists,” 

says Amy Johnson, program 

director and one of three staff 

at Virginia Working Landscapes. 

“With them, we’re a team of more 

than 60 people working together 

to use science to inform conservation land management.” 
All in a Day

Cownose rays mate in the 

Chesapeake Bay every summer. 

Then, they disappear. Smithsonian 

Environmental Research Center 

scientists follow their migration 

pattern by tagging the cownose 

rays with acoustic transmitters. 

Signals are recorded around the 

clock, showing that the cownose 

rays winter in Florida.

After charging all night, Pepper can 

chat all day. Cheerfully engaging

visitors about art, culture, science and 

history at six Smithsonian locations, the 

SoftBank-donated humanoid robots are 

transforming how visitors interact with 

museum exhibitions.

Volunteers weed, water, plant and 

prune thousands of blooms in the 

Institution’s gardens. Working alongside 

Smithsonian Gardens staff from spring 

through fall, volunteers are critical to the 

maintenance of these outdoor museums.

NASA’s Parker Solar Probe blasts 

off to touch the sun. A suite of 

instruments built by the Smithsonian 

Astrophysical Observatory will 

sample the star’s fiery outer corona.

The crown jewel of a newly renovated 

fossil hall, the T.rex is unveiled for the 

press at the National Museum of Natural 

History. It will delight crowds when the 

hall reopens on June 8, 2019.

Scientists at the Smithsonian 

Migratory Bird Center outfit

bluethroats with data trackers to learn 

how to better protect them. The birds 

breed over two months in northern 

Alaska; their activities during the other 

10 months of the year are a mystery. 

Ben, a telescope named after 

astronomer Benjamin Banneker, 

is pointed at the morning sky. In 2018, 

more than 90,000 people from around 

the world used the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory’s MicroObservatory 

Robotic Telescope Network to request 

images of space.

Puerto Rico–born guitarist José Feliciano 

is a special guest at the naturalization 

ceremony of 19 candidates for American citizenship at the National Museum of American History. 

The musician donated the guitar on which he 

played the “The Star-Spangled Banner” at a 

World Series game in 1968.

At any hour on any day,

around the world, something is 

happening at the Smithsonian.

12AM 1AM 2AM 3AM 4AM 5AM

In the wee hours, zookeepers 

feed a newborn armadillo pup 

that needs to eat around the clock. 

Scientists with the National Zoo’s 

Nutrition Department used data from 

our Milk Repository to create a highcalcium armadillo formula after this 

pup’s mother stopped lactating.

6AM 7AM 8AM 9AM 10AM 11AM

Museum Conservation Institute 

scholars confer with colleagues 

in Nimrud, Iraq. Working together, 

the Nimrud Rescue Team is 

stabilizing and recovering this 

ancient archaeological site.

Conservators install early copies of 

the 1863 Emancipation Proclamation

and 13th Amendment at the National 

Museum of African American History 

and Culture. Technicians at the National 

Institute of Standards and Technology 

collaborated on the design and fabrication 

of the documents’ protective casings.

Volunteer Jim Walker 

photographs National Air 

and Space Museum galleries, 

when the museum is closed, 

and uploads them as 3-D 

panoramas. The virtual tours 

allow visitors to explore the 

museum online.

The future of imperiled coral reefs

is a bit brighter with a breakthrough 

for freezing and thawing early-stage 

larvae. Post-doctoral fellow Jonathan 

Daly’s work at the Smithsonian 

Conservation Biology Institute advances 

reef restoration efforts and safeguards 

at-risk species. 

The Center for Folklife and Cultural 

Heritage launches a three-year 

project to preserve textiles with the 

Royal Textile Academy in Bhutan. 

Hand-woven textiles are among 

Bhutan’s cherished traditional arts. 

12PM 1PM 2PM 3PM 4PM 5PM

Awestruck Parker Curry stares 

at the official portrait of Michelle 

Obama at the National Portrait Gallery. 

Curry’s image dressed as the former 

First Lady for Halloween went viral—

leading to a real-life meeting between 

the girl and her idol.

Visitors to the Anacostia 

Community Museum add

their images to artist Amanda 

Burnham’s 3-D artwork Block 

Watch, transforming it into 

living history.

In Baltimore, residents bring 

family photos, videos and records 

to a week-long series of “community 

curation” events. The National Museum 

of African American History and Culture 

worked with participants to digitize 

personal objects as part of an effort 

to preserve and share the stories of 

African Americans.

About 10,000 people turn out for 

the fifth annual Indian River Lagoon 

Science Festival in Fort Pierce, Fla., coorganized by the Smithsonian Marine 

Station. Participants explore 80 stations, 

including one on how coral reefs form, 

facilitated by station researcher Scott Jones.

Celebrating the Inti Raymi, the 

transition of seasons, dancers 

hold Andean-style fans as they

circle the National Museum of 

the American Indian. The parade 

was part of the Smithsonian-wide 

Solstice Saturday, which featured 

late museum closing hours and 

events across the National Mall.

6PM 7PM 8PM 9PM 10PM 11PM

The National Zoo celebrates 

the birth of Moke, a western 

lowland gorilla. Within six months, 

zookeepers dubbed him a big 

boy, as he took his first steps 

away from his mom, Calaya.

Washington Capitals hockey fans 

crowd the steps of the National 

Portrait Gallery and Smithsonian 

American Art Museum after an athome victory. Throughout the 2018 

Stanley Cup playoffs, Caps fans 

commandeer this spot cheering on 

their team to win the championship. 

The Smithsonian Asian Pacific 

American Center and Pasifika 

First Fridays host a poetry slam in Salt 

Lake City, home to the largest Pacific 

Islander population in the contiguous 

United States. Jahra Wasasala, one of 

four poets performing at the event, 

traces her heritage to Fiji.

Conservator Dawn Wallace puts the 

finishing touches on the Ruby Slippers, 

worn by Judy Garland in The Wizard of Oz, 

before they go back on display at the National 

Museum of American History. More than 

$370,000 raised during the Kickstarter 

campaign by over 6,400 backers enabled 

Wallace to spend 200 hours cleaning and 

conserving the legendary 80-year-old shoes.

The Smithsonian’s epic creative 

marathon The Long Conversation,

in the Arts & Industries Building, hosts 

artists, scientists and thought leaders 

who share ideas for creating a hopeful 

future. Performer Sasha Velour takes

the stage in the evening.

29

The Smithsonian is a community of scholars and 

educators, sustained by the American people and 

generous donors. We are the nation’s museums—

keepers of the country’s collection—home to experts 

in science, history, culture and art. We create educational 

programs that serve millions of families each year. In a 

rapidly changing world, we are reaching more people 

where they are, with greater relevance and impact. 

We thank those who make today’s Smithsonian possible. 

BELOW

The Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden commissioned Los Angeles-based artist Mark Bradford 

to create one of his largest artworks, Pickett’s Charge, spanning nearly 400 linear feet. Bradford was 

inspired by French artist Paul Philippoteaux’s 19th-century cyclorama of the final charge of the Battle 

of Gettysburg. By layering colored paper with reproductions of the original, the artist transformed 

historic Gettysburg imagery into a series of eight powerful abstract paintings, inviting viewers to 

reconsider how narratives about American history are shaped and contested. 

Mark Bradford: Pickett’s Charge, Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden, 2017. 

Courtesy of the artist and Hauser & Wirth © Mark Bradford PHOTO CATHY CARVER 

SMITHSONIAN | 2018 We thank 2018’s most generous donors 29
Saving endangered species requires 

sustained conservation efforts over 

many generations. The Smithsonian 

Conservation Biology Institute (SCBI) 

in Front Royal, Va., with a school and 

research facility—where scientists 

study and breed more than 20 

threatened species—allows for this 

to happen. The Smithsonian-Mason 

School of Conservation connects 

world-renowned scientists with 

high school, college and graduate 

students—the next generation of 

conservation leaders. Their training 

takes place in the Volgenau Academic 

Center, named in recognition of 

The Volgenau Foundation’s $3 million 

gift. The foundation also supports 

SCBI’s coral restoration and wild canid 

reproduction research and the Virginia 

Working Landscapes, a program that 

promotes native biodiversity and 

sustainable land use. This past year, 

The Volgenau Foundation provided 

a substantial gift to the Whooping 

Crane Breeding Facility, which houses 

six breeding pairs of this critically 

endangered North American bird. 

The Whitney Flame Topaz—a rare, 

vivid red topaz named after donor 

Coralyn Wright Whitney—ignited 

wonder among gem enthusiasts 

around the globe when it was unveiled 

at the National Museum of Natural 

History in September. A second gift 

from the donor in 2018 is equally 

awe-inspiring and enduring: a $5 

million endowment to support the 

Coralyn W. Whitney Curator of Gems 

and Minerals. In charge of one of the 

world’s premier gem and mineral 

collections, the curator develops 

exhibitions to spark the public’s 

curiosity about the Earth’s basic 

building blocks and provides scientists 

with a wide array of specimens for 

research. Coralyn Whitney, a member 

of the board of the National Museum 

of Natural History, also made a 

profound impact on the museum 

through earlier gifts, including an 

endowment for the Coralyn W. 

Whitney Science Education Center, 

an endowment for research related 

to the gem and mineral collection, 

and the prized Whitney Alexandrite. 

Barron Hilton / 

Conrad N. Hilton Foundation 

PUSHING BOUNDARIES

The seven-year reimagining of the National Air 

and Space Museum, which began in fall 2018, 

encompasses upgrades to exhibitions about 

historic American trailblazers as well as 

educational experiences that equip children—

and adults—for a lifetime of discovery. A $10 

million gift from Barron Hilton/Conrad N. 

Hilton Foundation supports both aspects 

of this transformation. In the Barron Hilton 

Pioneers of Flight gallery, the gift will refresh 

exhibitions and conserve artifacts that bring 

the stories of famed aviators like Charles 

Lindbergh and Amelia Earhart to life. The 

gift also establishes the Barron Hilton STEM 

Education Fund, an endowment for new 

science, technology, engineering and math 

programs for middle school students. Onsite programs, such as curated tours, will 

engage students who visit the museum, 

while distance-learning programs will reach 

students in under-resourced schools across 

the nation. The Conrad N. Hilton Foundation 

has been a generous supporter of the 

National Air and Space Museum since 1998. 

31

The Volgenau Foundation 

A KNOWLEDGE BRIDGE 

Dr. Coralyn Wright Whitney 

COLLECTING EARTH’S TREASURES 

LEADERSHIP GIFTS We thank 2018’s most generous donors 

 for their gifts of $2.5 million or more

30

Dagmar Dolby 

LIGHTS, CAMERA, CULTURE!

Rock ’n’ roll. Symphony concerts. Hollywood 

blockbusters and independent films. America’s 

favorite pastime—baseball—and the lights of 

Broadway. Entertainment connects us, reflects 

our shared experiences and comments on 

public issues. A $5 million gift from Dagmar 

Dolby and Dolby Laboratories, along with a 

donation of Dolby audio and visual equipment, 

enables the National Museum of American 

History to develop Entertaining America, an 

exhibition that explores the power of culture. 

Opening in 2020 in the museum’s new Ray and 

Dagmar Dolby Hall of American Culture, the 

exhibition will showcase iconic objects, such as 

the Ruby Slippers from The Wizard of Oz, and 

the impact of American entertainers. In addition, 

the gift funds the Ray Dolby Gateway to Culture, 

where installations rewind the history of 

recorded sound, and improves technology in 

the museum’s Warner Bros. Theater, 

a sought-after venue for film screenings 

and discussions that cast a critical and 

appreciative eye on entertainment. 

LEADERSHIP GIFTS We thank 2018’s most generous donors 

 for their gifts of $2.5 million or more

Ann and Gilbert H. Kinney

DOCUMENTING ARTISTS 

The Archives of American Art is 

the preeminent resource for those 

seeking new insights into the history 

of visual arts in America. It holds 

more than 20 million primary source 

materials, including the papers, 

photographs and oral histories of 

artists, dealers and other art world 

figures. Archives trustee Gilbert H. 

Kinney and his wife, Ann, have 

invested in the repository’s growth 

with a gift of $2.5 million to endow 

the position of Gilbert and Ann 

Kinney New York Collector, who 

gathers materials from individuals 

and organizations in the nation’s arts 

capital. The collector also writes 

peer-reviewed essays, focused on 

these newly acquired works, for each 

issue of the award-winning Archives 

of American Art Journal. The donors 

have also supported the Freer|Sackler, 

where Ann Kinney previously served 

on the board. 
LEADERSHIP GIFTS We thank 2018’s most generous donors 33

for their gifts of $1 million or more

CITI

A $1 million gift to the 

National Museum of African 

American History and 

Culture from founding donor CITI helps 

tell the American story through an African 

American lens. The story starts outside: 

visible from across the National Mall, 

the museum’s bronze lattice cladding is 

inspired by the intricate ironwork of black 

artisans in the South. Inside, eight floors 

of galleries, theaters and interactive spaces 

enable visitors to explore complex 

narratives about the African American 

experience. CITI has made many gifts to 

Smithsonian museums and centers since 

1982, including the National Museum of 

Natural History, the Smithsonian Tropical 

Research Institute and Cooper Hewitt, 

Smithsonian Design Museum. 

Dick and Betsy DeVos 

Family Foundation 

Drawing on the expertise 

and collections of multiple 

Smithsonian museums and 

programs, the American 

Women’s History Initiative 

amplifies the voices of 

women, past and present, and highlights 

their contributions to art, history, science, 

business and culture. Bolstered by a 

$1 million gift to the initiative from the 

Dick and Betsy DeVos Family Foundation, 

the Smithsonian will build capacity for new 

research, exhibitions and programming to 

inspire and empower women everywhere. 

Planning is already underway for exhibitions 

at the National Museum of American 

History and the National Portrait Gallery 

to celebrate the centennial of women’s 

suffrage in the United States in 2020. 

Drue Heinz Trust 

Cooper Hewitt, Smithsonian Design 

Museum offers researchers access to 

its exceptional collection of more than 

147,000 European and American works 

on paper through the Drue Heinz Study 

Center for Drawings and Prints, which 

opened 17 years ago with funding 

from Drue Heinz. A new gift of $1 million 

from the Drue Heinz Trust supports 

the center’s operations, including 

research on two designers represented 

in the collection—art nouveau architect 

Hector Guimard and graphic designer 

E. McKnight Kauffer—in preparation 

for forthcoming exhibitions. The trust 

also donated an 1877 oil painting by 

William Michael Harnett, below, to the 

Smithsonian American Art Museum. 

Intel Foundation 

The National Museum 

of African American 

History and Culture 

is the nation’s most 

comprehensive museum devoted to 

the African American story and its impact 

on American and world history. Thousands 

of unique objects in the museum’s 

galleries—from a reassembled South 

Carolina slave cabin to Chuck Berry’s 

Cadillac Eldorado—chronicle narratives 

of creativity, resilience and power, while 

award-winning interactive exhibitions help 

Americans of all backgrounds understand 

their own relationship to these narratives. 

The 400,000-square-foot museum is 

supported by a gift of $1 million from Intel 

Foundation, a founding donor. Previous 

gifts from Intel Foundation benefited the 

Smithsonian Science Education Center.

RIGHT 

William Michael Harnett, Fruit Pieces, 1877. 

Bequest of Drue Heinz

32 LEADERSHIP GIFTS We thank 2018’s most generous donors 

for their gifts of $1 million or more

Alaska Airlines

Little more than a 

century ago, travel 

by plane was rare, 

expensive and fraught 

with danger. Today, it is commonplace, 

affordable and safe. The America by Air 

gallery tells this remarkable history and, 

with the help of a $1.5 million gift from 

Alaska Airlines, will engage a new generation 

of visitors through reimagined exhibitions, 

dynamic design and improved educational 

opportunities—part of a multiyear transformation of the National Air and Space 

Museum’s building on the National Mall. 

This gift also provides needed conservation 

for important artifacts within the gallery. 

Alaska Airlines previously has supported the 

National Museum of the American Indian. 

Bank of America

From Nimrud, Iraq, an ancient city recently 

bombed and bulldozed by the Islamic State, 

to New York, where Hurricane Sandy flooded 

historic theatrical sets, the Smithsonian 

Cultural Rescue Initiative recovers and 

conserves threatened cultural heritage. Lead 

corporate sponsor Bank of America made a 

gift of $1 million in support of the initiative’s 

mission to help U.S. and international 

communities preserve their identities and 

history. Among the many other Smithsonian 

museums and programs that have benefited 

from Bank of America’s giving since 1992 

are the Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture 

Garden, the National Museum of the 

American Indian and the National Museum 

of African American History and Culture.

Martha and 

Faustino Bernadett

A $2 million gift from Martha and Faustino 

Bernadett enables the Smithsonian Latino 

Center to establish the Molina Family 

Latino Gallery in the National Museum 

of American History, the first exhibition 

space on the National Mall dedicated to 

the heritage, culture and accomplishments 

of Latinos in the United States. While 

shining a light on wide-ranging stories 

of struggle and triumph, the gallery will 

illustrate how Latinos have contributed 

to our national identity and initiate 

conversations about what unifies us as 

Americans. The gift also helps support 

the curator responsible for the gallery’s 

exhibitions, the Dr. C. David Molina 

Visiting Curator.

Mary and 

John F. Brock lll 

Collisions in a vast cloud of dust and gas 

formed the Earth 4.6 billion years ago. 

Today, human impacts shape the fate 

of life on the planet. To help the National 

Museum of Natural History tell the story 

of Earth from its beginning to its future, 

Smithsonian National Board member

John F. Brock and his wife, Mary, contributed 

$1 million for Deep Time, the museum’s 

reimagined hall of fossils. Opening to 

visitors in June 2019, this 31,000-squarefoot exhibition traces geological processes, 

ecosystem changes and the evolution 

of species. Understanding these forces 

enables us to grasp our own role in the 

Earth’s unfolding epic. 

RIGHT 

Smithsonian conservation experts assessed damage 

at the Martha Graham Dance Company in New York, 

where costumes, ephemera and theatrical sets, 

many designed by Isamu Noguchi, were damaged 

by Hurricane Sandy. Collections were either 

removed and freeze-dried or sent to a warehouse 

for air drying, and returned once stabilized.
34 35

John and Adrienne Mars

A gift of $1.47 million from John and 

Adrienne Mars enables researchers 

from the Smithsonian Conservation 

Biology Institute to partner with scientists 

at the American Prairie Reserve to study 

the health of Montana’s vast and wondrous 

prairie and advances the reintroduction of 

native species, such as bison and swift fox, 

into this complex ecosystem. The Mars ́ 

relationship with the Smithsonian spans 

more than 30 years. In addition to her 

generous contributions, Adrienne Mars 

has served on numerous Smithsonian 

boards and committees.

Tina and 

Hamid Moghadam 

The Freer|Sackler holds one of the world’s 

richest collections of art from Iran and 

the ancient Near East, comprising more 

than 1,000 objects, from ceramics to 

silver vessels. Recognizing the strengths 

of the museum, Tina and Hamid Moghadam 

made a gift of $1 million to establish the 

Tina and Hamid Moghadam Endowment 

for Iran and the Ancient Near East. The 

endowment supports programs— such 

as a recent lecture on the royal city of 

Ctesiphon in modern-day Iraq—that 

showcase the Freer|Sackler collection 

and expertise of Smithsonian scholars, 

providing context, education and inspiration, and encouraging conversations that 

cross cultures and centuries.

John C. Molina 

Latinos are the largest racial and ethnic 

minority in the United States, making up 

17 percent of the population. By 2050, 

one in three Americans will be Latino. 

To tell the stories of this diverse community 

and inspire its future leaders, John C. 

Molina has contributed $2 million to the 

Smithsonian Latino Center for the Molina 

Family Latino Gallery and the Dr. C. David 

Molina Visiting Curator. The gallery, a 

4,500-square-foot exhibition space to 

be constructed within the National Museum 

of American History, will showcase 

scholarship and materials that connect 

the community’s rich past with its 

dynamic present.

LEADERSHIP GIFTS We thank 2018’s most generous donors 

for their gifts of $1 million or more

Josephine M. Molina

With a gift of $2 million, Josephine M. 

Molina is helping the Smithsonian Latino 

Center launch the Molina Family Latino 

Gallery and fund the Dr. C. David Molina 

Visiting Curator. Opening in 2021, the 

gallery will draw from many Smithsonian 

museums and research centers to 

become an intellectual hub for Latino 

scholarship, exhibitions and programs. 

Located in the National Museum of 

American History, it will provide access 

to facilities for lectures, performances, 

film screenings and other activities that 

explore themes such as community and 

belonging through the lens of the Latino 

experience—educating and inspiring 

visitors of all backgrounds.

RIGHT 

Rafael Soriano, Un Lugar Distante (A Distant 

Place), 1972. Gift of Milagros Soriano, Smithsonian 

American Art Museum © Rafael Soriano 

The Molina Family Latino Gallery will highlight 

stories of Latino Americans. After migrating 

to Miami in 1962 in the wake of the Cuban 

Revolution, Soriano embarked on a new 

semiabstract visual vocabulary that helped 

him transform his feelings of nostalgia for home 

into a creative process of spiritual renewal. 

LEADERSHIP GIFTS We thank 2018’s most generous donors 

for their gifts of $1 million or more

JetBlue

With a $1.5 million gift 

toward the renewal of the 

National Air and Space 

Museum’s America by Air gallery, JetBlue 

provides vital support for exploring the 

history of commercial flight. From the 

metal-clad Ford Tri-Motor, which debuted 

in 1926 and earned the nickname “Tin 

Goose,” to the Boeing 747, which was first 

flown commercially in 1970 and held the 

passenger capacity record for 37 years, 

the gallery showcases iconic aircraft that 

demonstrate how advances in technology 

gave rise to an indispensable industry. 

The reimagining of America by Air is part 

of the first major transformation of the 

museum since its opening in 1976.

Johnson & Johnson 

With a $1.1 million gift from Johnson & 

Johnson in 2018, the Smithsonian Science 

Education Center was able to spark 

excitement in science, technology, 

engineering, math, manufacturing, 

and design (STEM2D) for girls and boys 

throughout the globe through creative 

problem solving and play. Johnson & 

Johnson’s gift helps the center expand its 

broad range of free teaching and digital 

resources in STEM2D; introduce young 

girls and boys across the globe to 

hands-on experiential STEM2D learning; 

bring scientists and engineers into the 

classroom; and empower youth to act 

on Sustainable Development Goals such 

as preventing mosquito-borne diseases 

and ensuring good nutrition for all. The 

company’s recent philanthropic support 

of the Smithsonian includes gifts to the 

National Museum of Natural History and 

the National Museum of African American 

History and Culture.

Kevin and Michelle Johnson 

& Georgia and Ronnie West

Sports resonates far beyond the playing 

field. Outstanding African American 

athletes have inspired pride in black 

achievement while leveraging their 

visibility to fight for greater rights and 

freedoms—one of many themes explored 

in the sports gallery of the National 

Museum of African American History 

and Culture. Committed to public service, 

the family of Kevin and Michelle Johnson 

& Georgia and Ronnie West, founding 

donors to the museum, contributed $1 

million to support education programs, 

research initiatives and new acquisitions 

that help visitors investigate the role of 

African Americans in sports and how 

these players have changed the game 

for everyone.

Lockheed Martin 

Corporation

“Welcome to Mars,” says the announcer 

as you look through the windows at the 

rocky terrain speeding by. A howling 

sandstorm briefly engulfs the vehicle. 

Yet you are sitting safely outside the 

National Air and Space Museum’s 

Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center, in a 

virtual-reality bus built by Lockheed 

Martin Corporation with high-definition 

monitors in place of windows. Donated 

by Lockheed Martin to the museum, 

the Mars Experience Bus inspires future 

astronauts to explore the red planet. 

Lockheed Martin has given generously 

to the museum since 1985 and has 

also supported 15 other Smithsonian 

museums and programs, including 

the Smithsonian Institution Traveling 

Exhibition Service.

BELOW 

The National Museum of African 

American History and Culture’s sports 

gallery highlights outstanding athletes.
36 37

The Smithsonian gratefully acknowledges those 

donors who made gifts, pledges or pledge 

payments during the fiscal year 2018. 

$1,000,000 OR MORE 

Anonymous 

1923 Fund 

A+E Networks 

Alaska Airlines 

American Airlines 

Bank of America 

Martha and Faustino Bernadett 

Boeing 

Mary and John F. Brock III 

CITI 

The Delta Air Lines Foundation 

Dick and Betsy DeVos Family Foundation 

Discovery, Inc. 

Dagmar Dolby 

Sakurako and William Fisher Family 

Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation 

GE 

Goldman, Sachs & Co. 

Thomas W. Haas Foundation 

Barron Hilton / 

Conrad N. Hilton Foundation 

Intel Foundation

JetBlue 

Johnson & Johnson 

Kevin and Michelle Johnson & 

Georgia and Ronnie West 

The Julis-Rabinowitz Family 

Kaiser Permanente 

Ann and Gilbert H. Kinney 

David H. Koch 

Land O’Lakes, Inc. 

Lockheed Martin Corporation 

The Henry Luce Foundation 

Elizabeth and Whitney MacMillan 

John and Adrienne Mars 

The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation 

Tina and Hamid Moghadam 

John C. Molina 

Josephine M. Molina 

Therese and J. Mario Molina 

Rasmuson Foundation 

The Rhimes Family Foundation 

David M. Rubenstein 

John and Ginger Sall 

Albert H. Small 

SoftBank Robotics America, Inc. 

Target 

Patrick F. Taylor Foundation 

Suzanne and Michael E. Tennenbaum 

Terra Foundation for American Art 

TOYOTA 

United Airlines 

The Volgenau Foundation 

Janet M. and Laurence B. Watt 

Dr. Coralyn Wright Whitney 

LEADERSHIP GIFTS We thank 2018’s most generous donors DONORS TO THE SMITHSONIAN Recognizing our benefactors

for their gifts of $1 million or more

Therese and J. Mario Molina 

The history of Latinos in the United States 

began long before the founding of our 

country and intersects with the history 

of Native peoples of the Americas, 

Spanish and European colonization, the 

African diaspora, and more. Understanding 

the Latino story is essential to grasping 

the full narrative of our nation. Therese 

and J.Mario Molina’s $2 million gift to 

the Smithsonian Latino Center supports 

development of the Molina Family Latino 

Gallery, featuring bilingual displays and 

digital experiences to bring this story 

to life, and helps fund the Dr. C. David 

Molina Visiting Curator, who will oversee 

the gallery’s exhibitions.

Rasmuson Foundation 

The superb 

acoustics 

and unique 

layout of the 

Elmer and 

Mary Louise 

Rasmuson Theater at the National 

Museum of the American Indian, below, 

make this beautiful space a locus for 

dance and music presentations, films, 

and seminars showcasing the vibrant 

history and living culture of Native 

American peoples. A $1.66 million gift 

from the Rasmuson Foundation is 

enhancing the theater’s comfort and 

safety and also refreshing the 14-yearold theater with updated technology 

to enable high-definition audiovisual 

systems, online connectivity and 

distance-learning programs. The 

foundation provided significant support 

for the construction of the National 

Museum of the American Indian as 

well as for the National Museum of 

Natural History.

Albert H. Small

At the Smithsonian American Art Museum, 

a gift from Albert H. Small will create 

opportunities to highlight the role of the 

automobile in American visual culture. 

This gift consists of the Albert H. Small 

Model Car Collection of more than 1,200 

models as well as a financial gift. The 

museum plans to present the model cars 

in its Luce Foundation Center as a guide 

for visitors to explore the relationship 

between automobiles and American art 

and to think broadly about what it means 

to build a collection. In the past three 

decades, the donor has supported 

numerous Smithsonian museums and 

programs, including the National Museum 

of American History.

Janet M. and 

Laurence B. Watt 

Since 1997, the Smithsonian Latino Center 

has collaborated with other Smithsonian 

museums and programs to explore and 

document the contributions of the Latino 

community to American culture, arts, history 

and science. The Molina Family Latino 

Gallery in the National Museum of American 

History will provide the first dedicated 

location on the National Mall for celebrating 

Latino heritage and achievements and for 

sharing this community’s history with 

the rest of the nation. A $2 million gift 

to the Smithsonian Latino Center from 

Janet Molina Watt and Laurence Watt helps 

fund the gallery as well as its Dr. C. David 

Molina Visiting Curator. 

BELOW 

Roxanne Swentzell, K'apovi (Santa Clara Pueblo), For Life In All Directions, 2004. 

National Museum of the American Indian
39

The Grable Foundation 

Hakuta Family 

M. Hill and Cheryl W. Hammock 

Mr. Christie G. Harris 

The Leona M. and 

Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust 

Robert D. Hevey, Jr. 

and Constance M. Filling 

Janine and J. Tomilson Hill 

The Hillside Foundation—

Allan and Shelley Holt 

Helen and Edward Hintz 

Larry and Susan Hirsch 

The Robert H.N. Ho Family Foundation 

The Hoch Family 

Steven and Jane Hoch 

Mr. and Mrs. Howard Hoffen 

Charlie and Nancy Hogan 

Cathy Hughes and Alfred C. Liggins III 

IBM Corporation 

Intel Corporation

LaTanya, Zoe and Samuel L. Jackson 

The Japan Foundation 

Dennis R. Jenkins 

JoGayle Dillon Howard Trust 

Gregory D. and 

Jennifer Walston Johnson 

Kappa Alpha Psi Fraternity, Incorporated 

Mr. and Mrs. Edward Kashian 

Connie and Dennis Keller 

The Elbrun and Peter Kimmelman 

Family Foundation 

Wendy and Jerry Labowitz 

Lannan Foundation 

Betsy and David Lawer 

Ms. Anna Lee (Phila China Limited) 

Debra L. Lee, Quinn S. Coleman, 

Ava L. Coleman 

Dale L. LeFebvre 

Mrs. Dorothy Lemelson, 

The Lemelson Foundation 

Aaron and Barbara Levine 

Randi Charno Levine and Jeffrey Levine 

F.H. Levinson Fund 

Mr. and Mrs. Gregory T. Lucier 

Peter and Paula Lunder 

Victor and Thaderine MacFarlane 

and Family 

Mrs. Stephany Maillery and 

Stephan Crétier 

Mrs. Kathleen K. Manatt and 

Michele A. Manatt

Frank and Susan Mars 

Mars, Incorporated 

Jacqueline B. Mars 

Mr. Randall D. Martinez 

(Cordoba Corporation) 

Margery and Edgar Masinter 

Bruce R. McCaw Family Foundation 

Nion McEvoy 

Joyce F. Menschel 

Michael and Lori Milken 

Minera Panamá 

Mitsubishi Corporation 

Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation 

Wick and Bonnie Moorman 

Morgan Stanley 

Charles H. and Helen S. Moriyama 

Muscogee (Creek) Nation 

Museum Modern and Contemporary 

Art in Nusantara, Jakarta — Indonesia 

National Basketball Players 

Association Foundation 

National Fish and Wildlife Foundation 

National Foundation for 

Infectious Diseases 

National Geographic Society 

Nancy Brown Negley 

Mr. Martin H. Nesbitt and 

Dr. Anita K. Blanchard 

Netflix, Inc. 

NIKE, Inc. 

Northrop Grumman Corporation 

Susann Norton 

Melanie and Larry Nussdorf 

OMEGA 

Omega Psi Phi Fraternity, Incorporated 

The Orchard Hill Fund 

Mary and John Pappajohn 

PEPCO, An Exelon Company 

The PepsiCo Foundation 

The Permanente Federation, LLC 

Timothy Phillips 

William F. Pickard Family Group 

The Piton Foundation 

PNC Foundation 

Mr. and Mrs. Michael H. Podell 

Prince Albert II of Monaco Foundation 

J.B. and M.K. Pritzker Family Foundation 

Robert Procop 

Public Health Foundation 

Dr. Jorge G. Puente and 

Dr. Patricia Matos-Puente 

Rare Inc. 

Mrs. Lucy S. Rhame 

Sara Roby Foundation 

Rolex 

Valerie and Jack Rowe 

Walter and Lucille Rubin 

Madeleine K. Rudin 

May and Samuel Rudin Family 

Foundation 

Elizabeth and Philip Ryan 

Sanofi-Aventis 

Deborah Sara Santana 

Mr. Sergey Sarkisov 

Roland and Debra Sauermann 

Mr. and Mrs. Arnold Schlesinger 

Seqirus, a CSL company 

Shared Earth Foundation 

Shell 

Mr. and Mrs. Brian Sheth 

Sigma Pi Phi Fraternity/Boulé Foundation 

Dr. Ruth J. Simmons 

Iris and Adam Singer 

Small World Institute Fund at Silicon 

Valley Community Foundation 

Robert H. Smith Family Foundation 

Soil Science Society of America 

Southern Company Charitable 

Foundation, Inc. 

Diana Davis Spencer Foundation 

Alan and Terri Spoon 

Stockman Family Foundation 

Patty Stonesifer and Michael Kinsley 

Dr. and Mrs. Richard Sugden 

Kelso F. and Joanna L. Sutton 

Nathaniel K. and Mallory Sutton 

Juliana C. Terian 

Lloyd and Teri Trotter 

TurningPoint Foundation 

Mr. and Mrs. Robert H. Tuttle 

Robert and Lynne Uhler 

Mr. Joseph P. Ujobai and 

Mr. Eduardo Ardiles 

University of Delaware 

Esme Usdan and James Snyder 

Amy and Horacio Valeiras 

Mr. James G. Vella 

The Walt Disney Company 

The Walton Family Foundation 

Wegmans Food Markets, Inc. 

Angela Caveness Weisskopf 

Anthony and Beatrice Welters and 

the Vincent Wilkinson Foundation 

John and Barbara Wilkerson 

Mike Wilkins and Sheila Duignan 

Ronald A. and Cynthia R. Williams 

Windgate Charitable Foundation 

The Honorable Curtin Winsor, Jr. and 

Mrs. Ann Winsor 

Mr. Xiang-Dong Yang 

Dr. Soon-Young Yoon and 

Mr. Richard M. Smith 

(The Pinkerton Foundation) 

Judy Francis Zankel 

Zegar Family Foundation 

38 DONORS TO THE SMITHSONIAN Recognizing our benefactors

$500,000 OR MORE 

Anonymous 

Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, Inc. 

Jeff and MacKenzie Bezos 

Bloomberg Philanthropies 

Capital One 

Margaret A. Cargill Philanthropies 

Carnival Corporation 

The Chickasaw Nation 

A. James and Alice B. Clark Foundation 

ConocoPhillips 

Delta Faucet Company 

Robert and Mercedes Eichholz 

Foundation 

FedEx Corporation 

Ferring Pharmaceuticals 

Frontier Airlines 

GlaxoSmithKline 

Frederick Hammersley Foundation 

Hawaiian Airlines 

Elizabeth Ann Hylton 

The LeBron James Family Foundation 

Jewish Community Foundation 

of Los Angeles 

Robert and Arlene Kogod 

Medtronic Foundation 

MGM Resorts International 

Morris Animal Foundation 

National Collegiate Athletic Association 

LeRoy Neiman Foundation 

Sana H. Sabbagh 

Roger and Victoria Sant 

Saudi Aramco 

Andrew and Anya Shiva 

Charles and Lisa Simonyi Fund 

for Arts and Sciences 

Mr. and Mrs. Frederick W. Smith 

and Family 

Smithsonian Women’s Committee 

Ms. Elizabeth Hunter Solomon 

Spirit Airlines 

$100,000 OR MORE 

Anonymous 

AAR 

AARP 

Jan and Warren Adelson 

Adobe Foundation 

Agua Caliente Band of 

Cahuilla Indians 

Lee and Elizabeth Ainslie 

Alfred Street Baptist Church 

Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, 

Incorporated 

Altman Foundation 

Altria Group 

American Council of Learned Societies 

ANCA Endowment Fund 

William A. and Valerie E. Anders 

Foundation 

Paul M. Angell Family Foundation 

Armenian Assembly of America, Inc. 

Art Mentor Foundation Lucerne 

Autodesk 

Mr. Albert Avdolyan 

Bei Shan Tang Foundation 

Bently Foundation 

Mr. and Mrs. Jay Bernstein 

(Jill and Jay Bernstein Family 

Foundation) 

Biotechnology Innovation Organization 

Blain Southern 

BNSF Railway Foundation 

Mr. William H. and Clare Bohnett 

Robert and Patti Bradley 

Fleur Straus Bresler 

The Bresler Foundation 

Brewers Association (U.S.) 

Diane and Hal Brierley 

Brown Capital Management 

The Brown Foundation, Inc. of Houston 

Mr. and Mrs. G. Garvin Brown 

Kobe and Vanessa Bryant Family 

Foundation 

Mr. and Mrs. Calvin Cafritz 

Mr. and Mrs. John A. Canning, Jr. 

(Canning Foundation) 

Carnegie Corporation of New York 

The E. Rhodes & Leona B. Carpenter 

Foundation 

Maverick Carter 

Mr. and Mrs. John E. Cay III 

CH2M Hill Foundation 

Chapman Hanson Foundation 

Amita and Purnendu Chatterjee 

Kenneth I. and Kathryn Chenault 

Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma 

Mr. Hans Chou 

Chubb 

Clark Construction Group 

Linda and Pete Claussen 

The Coca-Cola Company 

Dale Mason Cochran 

The Ryna and Melvin Cohen Family 

Foundation 

Mr. Roger Crandall 

Elissa F. and Edgar M. Cullman, Jr. 

Maurice J. and Carolyn D. Cunniffe 

Mr. and Mrs. Ravenel Boykin Curry III 

(Ravenel and Elizabeth Curry 

Foundation) 

The Daniels Fund 

Douglas and Wendy Dayton Foundation 

Deere & Company 

Michael and Susan Dell 

Ms. Adelaide de Menil 

(Rock Foundation, Inc.) 

Design Within Reach 

Mr. and Mrs. Vin Di Bona 

Dennis O. Dixon 

The William H. Donner Foundation, Inc. 

The Dow Chemical Company Foundation 

Draper 

Farhad and Mary Ebrahimi 

Mr. and Mrs. Thomas M. Evans, Jr. 

Sandra J. Evers-Manly 

The Executive Leadership Council, Inc. 

Exelon Foundation 

FEI Company 

Roger W. Ferguson, Jr. and 

Annette L. Nazareth 

Mr. and Mrs. Trevor Fetter 

First National Bank Alaska 

Julie and Greg Flynn 

Ford Foundation 

Ford Motor Company Fund 

Forest County Potawatomi 

Mr. and Mrs. John H. Foster 

(John H. Foster Foundation) 

Andréa and Kenneth Frazier 

David C. Frederick and Sophia Lynn 

The Freeman Foundation 

Mr. Bradford M. Freeman 

Barry D. Friedman 

Friedman Benda Gallery 

Friends of the National Zoo 

Cary J. Frieze 

Patricia and Phillip Frost 

Susan Breakefield Fulton 

Hope L. and John L. Furth 

Furthermore: 

a program of the J.M. Kaplan Fund 

Gagosian 

William J. and Brenda L. Galloway 

and Family 

Shelby and Frederick Gans 

GEICO 

General Catalyst 

James T. and Juliette J. George 

Joseph L. and Emily K. Gidwitz 

Memorial Foundation 

Mr. and Mrs. Rick Goings 

(Rick and Susan Goings Foundation) 

Danny and Lisa Goldberg 

Alice R. Gottesman 

DONORS TO THE SMITHSONIAN Recognizing our benefactors
40 41

$25,000 OR MORE 

Anonymous 

100Kin10 

Hank and Billye Aaron 

Aegis Project Controls 

Aerojet Rocketdyne 

American Express 

American Friends of the 

Shanghai Museum 

Ameriprise Financial, Inc. 

Mr. Richard C. Ashley 

Association of Research Institutes 

in Art History 

Association of Zoos & Aquariums 

Embassy of the Kingdom of Bahrain 

Daniel and Jennifer Baker 

BAND Foundation 

Bank-Fund Staff Federal Credit Union 

Lindsay J. Barnes, M.D. and 

Marcus K. Barnes 

Mr. and Mrs. Edward P. Bass 

Susan Battley 

Nancy and Michael Baudhuin 

Foundation 

BB&T 

The Benevity Community Impact Fund 

Catherine Glynn Benkaim and 

Barbara Timmer 

Mr. and Ms. Philip D. Bennett 

Max N. Berry 

The Blakemore Foundation 

Senator Richard and 

Cynthia M. Blumenthal 

Booz Allen Hamilton 

Glenn and Donna Boutilier 

Mr. Marcus Brauchli and 

Ms. Maggie Farley 

Peggy and Ralph Burnet 

Mr. and Mrs. Thomas Canfield 

Mr. William M. Carey and 

Ms. Jeong Ok 

Dr. and Mrs. Paul Carter 

Cedar Hill Foundation 

Dr. Joseph A. Chazan 

Anne Page Chiapella 

Mr. Richard T. Choi and 

Ms. Claudia M. Perry 

Christy Walton’s Candeo Fund 

at International Community 

Foundation 

Citizen Potawatomi Nation 

Close Up Foundation 

The Coby Foundation, Ltd., New York 

Consumer Technology Association 

Cook Inlet Region, Inc. 

Mr. James L. Coss and 

Ms. Jamie Wang 

Ted and Marian Craver 

The Nathan Cummings Foundation 

Mr. and Mrs. Eric Daniels 

DaRin Butz Foundation 

Ms. Ketayoun Darvich-Kodjouri 

Mr. Andrea d’Avack (Chanel, Inc.) 

Deborah Berke Partners 

Fotene Demoulas and Tom Coté 

Dr. Marion Deshmukh and 

Dr. Ashok Deshmukh 

Jim and Janet Dicke 

Carla Diggs and 

Stephen M. Smith, M.D. 

Disney Conservation Fund 

Mr. Vahe Dombalagian 

Donald J. and Helen D. Douglass 

Elizabeth and Richard Dubin 

Avis M. and Gregory Dyson 

ECS Federal, Inc. 

Entertainment Software 

Association Foundation 

Environmental Systems Research 

Institute Inc. 

John L. and Margot P. Ernst 

ExxonMobil 

Mr. and Mrs. Alexander FarmanFarmaian 

Ms. Carol Feinberg and 

Mr. Kenneth Gilman 

Ms. Maria Luisa Ferré and 

Mr. Cyril L. Meduna 

(The Ferré Foundation) 

Mr. Harve A. Ferrill 

Nancy B. and Hart Fessenden 

Roger S. Firestone Foundation 

(Mr. John D. Firestone, 

Ms. Gay F. Wray) 

Barbara G. Fleischman 

The Lee and Juliet Folger Fund 

Ms. Debra J. Force 

(Debra Force Fine Art, Inc.) 

ForeFlight 

Dr. Ella M. Foshay and 

Mr. Michael B. Rothfeld 

The Honorable Barbara H. Franklin 

and Mr. Wallace Barnes 

Dolores Mercedes Franklin, D.M.D., 

Charles Lionel Franklin, Ph.D. 

and Madeline DeLoach Franklin 

and Family 

Mr. Bart Friedman and 

Ms. Wendy A. Stein 

Ms. Ping Fu 

Glen S. and Sakie T. Fukushima 

Mr. and Mrs. Leslie J. Garfield 

Jeff and Mary Lynn Garrett 

Giant Food, Inc. 

The Honorable Joseph and 

Alma Gildenhorn 

Mrs. Barbara Gladstone 

(Gladstone Gallery, LLC) 

Ronnyjane Goldsmith 

Martha Goodwin 

Greater Circle Foundation 

Grifols 

Mr. Ken Grossinger and 

Ms. Micheline Klagsbrun 

(CrossCurrents Foundation) 

Mr. and Mrs. Paul G. Haaga, Jr. 

Ira D. and Carole F. Hall 

Mr. and Mrs. Steven K. Hamp 

Hasselblad Bron Inc. 

Hausknost Family Trust 

The Michael and Marlys Haverty 

Family Foundation 

David and Dawne Hickton 

Lyda Hill 

Michele J. Hooper and 

Lemuel Seabrook III 

ICF International, Inc. 

Indiana University 

Infectious Diseases Society of America 

INICIA 

Inoue & Tsukioka Movie Foundation 

Institute of International Education 

The International Rhino Foundation 

Mr. Jon C. Iwata 

Ms. Shirley Z. Johnson and 

Mr. Charles Rumph 

Mr. Petter Johnsson 

Mrs. Linda Lichtenberg Kaplan and 

Dr. Louis D. Kaplan 

Rita J. and Stanley H. Kaplan 

Family Foundation, Inc./

Scott Kaplan Belsky 

The Katzenberger Foundation, Inc. 

Ms. Anne B. Keiser and 

Dr. Douglas M. Lapp 

Clint and Missy Kelly 

The Robert S. & 

Grayce B. Kerr Foundation 

Mr. and Mrs. Gene K. Kim 

Vince King 

Ms. Rachel Kohler and 

Mr. Mark Hoplamazian 

Mr. and Mrs. Bob Kolitz 

(Kolitz Foundation, Inc.) 

Koret Foundation 

Colleen and John Kotelly 

Dr. Sachiko Kuno 

(Sachiko Kuno Foundation) 

Mr. Alex C. Lakatos and 

Mrs. Kelly R. Lakatos 

Sue and Al Landon 

Latham & Watkins 

Mr. Isaac Lee and Mr. Juan Mora 

The LeeKong Family 

40 DONORS TO THE SMITHSONIAN Recognizing our benefactors

Ms. Abbe Raven and 

Mr. Martin Tackel 

The Regenstein Foundation 

James Renwick Alliance 

Richard H. Robb and 

Rebecca E. Crown 

Si and Betty Robin 

Rolls-Royce 

Mr. Thaddaeus Ropac 

(Galerie Thaddaeus Ropac) 

Rose Community Foundation 

Sahara Conservation Fund 

Daniel H. Sallick and Elizabeth Miller 

Jesse Ormond Sanderson, Jr. and 

Robert Keith Black 

Nina and Ivan Selin 

Shackleford Foundation 

Mr. and Mrs. Mike Shealy 

The Shenandoah National Park Trust 

Ms. Janay Marriel Smith 

Smithsonian UK Charitable Trust 

Southwest Airlines 

Diane Steed 

Stevenson Family Charitable Trust 

David P. Storch 

Mara A. Strock 

Mr. Steven M. Sumberg 

Mr. and Mrs. Stephen D. Susman 

Curtis H. and Jylla Moore Tearte 

Tenet Healthcare Corporation 

Mr. Kent Thiry and Ms. Denise O’Leary 

(Thiry-O’Leary Foundation) 

Mr. and Mrs. Carl D. Thoma 

Harry and Suzanne Toufayan 

Foundation, Inc. 

Mr. John K. Tsui 

Tulsa Flight Night and 

Tulsa Regional STEM Alliance 

Mr. and Mrs. Steven F. Udvar-Hazy 

United Technologies Corporation 

Antoine and Emily van Agtmael 

Steven and Caroline VanRoekel 

Mr. Fred Viehe 

Ms. Jacqueline Vossler 

Washington Nationals 

Baseball Club, LLC 

Theodore V. Wells, Jr. and 

Nina Mitchell Wells 

Leslie S. Wilkes and 

Marzanne Claiborne 

Warren and Barbara Winiarski 

(Winiarski Family Foundation) 

Mr. Iwan Wirth (Hauser & Wirth) 

Workday 

Robert L. Wright 

Wyeth Foundation for American Art 

Mr. Jerry Yang and 

Ms. Akiko Yamazaki 

Ms. Judith Kern and Mr. Kent Whealy 

Peter B. Kibbee 

The Korea Foundation 

Todd and Debbie Krasnow 

Mrs. Nancy Lee 

Aimee and Robert Lehrman 

Leon Levy Foundation 

Ms. Dorothy Lichtenstein 

Mr. Nicholas Lowry 

(Swann Auction Galleries) 

Phillip N. and Mary A. Lyons 

March Conservation Fund 

The Mar Fund 

Linda A. Mars 

Mars Wrigley Confectionery 

Colin and Leslie Masson 

Attilio and Margaret Mattera 

Mr. and Mrs. Kevin M. McGovern 

Eric and Cheryl McKissack 

Mr. and Mrs. Adam Metz 

Barry and Wendy Meyer Foundation 

Gus and Deanne Miller and Family 

MOËT HENNESSY 

Monterey Bay Aquarium 

Lester S. and Enid W. Morse 

Jim and Marlene Moss 

Stanley Motta 

Mr. and Mrs. Jahm Najafi 

Mr. and Mrs. Bechara Nammour 

(N Family LLC) 

NBCU Telemundo Enterprises 

New Tradition Media 

NeXaN Charities 

Mr. and Mrs. Samuel J. Palmisano 

Perlin Family Foundation 

Phi Beta Sigma Fraternity, Incorporated 

Mr. and Mrs. Charles M. Pigott 

Dr. and Mrs. Michael Pillsbury 

Polo Ralph Lauren Foundation 

Poor Richard’s Charitable Trust 

R/GA 

Mr. and Mrs. William M. Ragland, Jr. 

Jeffrey P. Cunard 

Deloitte 

Paul and Becky Dhyse 

Digital Transitions 

Ms. Trinh Doan and 

Mr. Michael Jermyn 

Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians 

Ira Eichner 

Mr. Steven A. Elmendorf 

Suzanne B. Engel 

Mr. and Mrs. Giuseppe Eskenazi 

Expedia, Inc. 

Facebook, Inc. 

Heidi and John Fahey 

Alan and Lois Fern 

The Ella Fitzgerald Charitable Foundation 

Martha J. Fleischman 

Ms. Brenda J. Gaines 

Agnes Gund 

Harry Winston, Inc. 

Ms. Myra M. Hart and 

Dr. J. Kent Hewitt 

Alexandra and Paul Herzan 

Hilton 

Dane and Barbara Holmes 

Houston Zoo, Inc. 

Mr. and Mrs. Ming Hsieh 

(The Hsieh Family Foundation) 

Judy and Bob Huret 

IDeA Foundation 

Infinity Technology, LLC, 

Erdley Bent, Jr. 

Lawrence V. Jackson and Family 

Jamestown Properties 

JHM Charitable Foundation 

Mr. Dwight Johnson 

James A. Johnson 

Mr. Jay Jopling (White Cube) 

Mr. K.S. Kalsi 

Nancy Lee Kemper and the 

David Woods Kemper 

Memorial Foundation 

$50,000 OR MORE 

Anonymous 

Paul G. Allen Philanthropies 

Zelma “Zee” Allred and Drago Gligic 

Anela Kolohe Foundation 

Judy Hart Angelo and John M. Angelo 

and The Angelo Family 

Carol and David Appel (Council for 

Canadian American Relations) 

Mr. and Mrs. Isaac Applbaum 

The Argus Fund 

Armenian General Benevolent Union 

Aurora Humanitarian Initiative 

Foundation, Inc. 

Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo 

Barbara and Craig Barrett 

Natalie and Brett Barth 

Amy G. Bermingham and 

Charles Wilson 

Lisa and Joshua Bernstein 

Boston Children’s Hospital Foundation 

Deborah, Lindsey and 

Williard W. Brittain, Jr. 

Mr. and Mrs. Richard A. Brodie 

Mr. and Mrs. Robert Buchanan 

Burger Collection 

Mr. and Mrs. Jason Burnett 

C.F. Foundation, Inc. 

Capitol Services, Inc. 

Donald A. Capoccia and 

Tommie L. Pegues 

Karl and Saidah Carter (Snake Nation) 

Rod and Lynette Case 

Mr. Disaphol Chansiri 

The Julia Child Foundation for 

Gastronomy and the Culinary Arts 

Conservation International 

Mr. Brian C. Cornell (Target) 

Wallace H. Coulter Foundation 

Ann and Tom Cousins 

Mr. and Mrs. Theodore F. Craver, Sr. 

DONORS TO THE SMITHSONIAN Recognizing our benefactors
42 43

Ms. Carrie Rebora Barratt 

Mr. and Mrs. Lyndon Barrois 

Mr. and Mrs. Richard N. Barton 

Mr. and Mrs. Alan R. Batkin 

James H. and Marta T. Batmasian 

Family Foundation 

The Batty and Batts Families 

Ms. Virginia Bayer and Mr. Robert Hirt 

BDT Capital Partners, LLC 

Ms. Elizabeth Beaman and 

Mr. Scott Delman 

The Honorable Colleen Bell and 

Mr. Bradley Bell 

Alain Bellemare 

Mr. and Mrs. Charles Bendit 

Tamra and Kenneth Bentsen, Jr. 

Dr. Michael M. and Tricia Berns 

Diane and Norman Bernstein 

Eve Bernstein and Alex Gersznowicz 

Mr. and Mrs. Michael H. Bernstein 

Biophilia Foundation 

Mary C. Blake 

Blu Dot 

BMI 

BNSF Railway Company 

Dr. and Mrs. William I. Boarman 

Agnes C. Bourne 

Ken and Bobbye Bowdon 

David and Dawn Bozeman 

Broadcom Foundation 

Bonnie and Jere Broh-Kahn 

Mr. and Mrs. Matt Bronczek 

Elizabeth Broun 

The Honorable Margaret L. Brown 

and Mr. Allen Brown 

Marilyn L. Brown 

Melanie R. Brown 

Reginald J. Brown and 

Tiffeny F. Sanchez 

Stephen and Kathryn Brown 

Mr. and Mrs. William R. Brown 

Broyhill Family Foundation 

Bryn Mawr College 

John and Louise Bryson 

John and Rebecca Budd 

Ms. Sheila P. Burke and 

Mr. David Chew 

Dr. Ilhan M. Cagri 

Hacker and Kitty Caldwell 

The Honorable Roel Campos and 

Dr. Minerva Campos 

Dr. Gilberto Cárdenas and 

Ms. Dolores Garcia 

Carriage Services, Inc. 

Mr. and Mrs. John B. Carrington 

Ms. Marcy Carsey 

Cartier, Inc. 

The Annie E. Casey Foundation 

Chevron 

Chevy Chase Trust 

Cheyenne Mountain Zoo 

Chicago Botanic Garden 

Mr. and Mrs. Armeane Choksi 

Sally Chubb 

The CIRI Foundation 

Mr. and Mrs. Bob Clark 

Mr. Paul W. Clark and 

Ms. Carol Ramsay Parrish 

Cleary, Gottlieb, Steen & Hamilton 

David S. Cohen and Craig A. Benson 

Kenneth Cole Foundation 

The Community Foundation for 

Northern Virginia 

Con Edison 

Mr. and Mrs. Brian Conboy 

The Contursi Family 

The Cuatrecasas Family Foundation 

Joseph & Joan Cullman Conservation 

Foundation Inc. 

Mr. and Mrs. Richard J. Cummins 

Mr. and Mrs. Ken Curry 

Julia and Frank Daniels, Jr. 

Dr. Chris Davidson and 

Sharon Christoph 

Hal and Bonnie Davis 

Mr. Christopher Dawson 

(Dawson Federal Inc.) 

Jeffrey and Joan DeBoer 

Ms. Laura Debonis 

The Dedalus Foundation 

Dr. Bertrun Delli 

Mr. Alvaro de Molina 

Dr. Vishakha Desai and 

Dr. Robert Oxnam 

Mr. and Mrs. Al Diaz 

Amina Dickerson and Julian Roberts 

Direct Supply, Inc. 

Distribuidora Metro Oeste, S.A. 

(Edemet) 

Miranda and Robert Donnelley 

(The Donnelley Foundation) 

Scott and Deanna Donnelly 

Albert E. Dotson, Jr. and Family 

Mr. and Mrs. Anthony Downs 

Helen W. Drutt English and 

H. Peter Stern 

Helen Runnells DuBois and 

Raymond F. DuBois, Jr. 

Mr. Manmohan Duggal 

(Creative Imports LLC) 

Mark Dunkerley and Marilia Duffles 

Susan Dunne 

Raymond Ealy, L. Charmayne Mills 

Ealy and Aaron Mills Ealy 

Sarah and Scott Eames 

Ms. Nancy L. Eaton 

Dean S. Edmonds Foundation 

Mr. and Mrs. Blair W. Effron 

The Honorable Rodney Ellis 

Mr. and Mrs. Dan J. Epstein 

(Epstein Family Foundation) 

Mr. James Erbs and 

Ms. M. Shân Atkins 

R. Denise Everson 

Ms. Gabriela Febres-Cordero 

Mr. Josh Feldstein 

Mr. and Mrs. Joseph Ferrara 

Ferris Family Foundation 

Mr. and Mrs. Arthur Fleischer, Jr. 

Florida International University 

Foundation, Inc. 

FLOW Group, LLC 

The Focht Family Foundation 

Mr. and Mrs. David B. Ford 

Mr. Michael Forman and 

Ms. Jennifer Rice 

Sarajane Foster 

Wendell T. Foster, Jr. and 

T. Eloise Foster 

The Foundation for 

Enhancing Communities 

The France-Merrick Foundation 

Friends of Alma Thomas 

Mr. and Mrs. Edward Fries 

Mr. and Mrs. Philip Fuentes 

Kathryn Fuller 

The Funger Foundation, 

Norma Lee and Morton Funger 

Dr. and Mrs. Thomas P. Gage 

Galerie Lelong & Co. 

Ms. Manu Gayatrinath 

Ken and Madge Gazzola 

GCM Grosvenor 

Gensler 

The George Washington University 

Mrs. Gladys Navarro Gerbaud 

Ms. Carole Furst Gigliotti 

Mr. and Mrs. Arnold Glimcher 

(The Pace Gallery, New York) 

S. Taylor Glover 

Ms. Joanne M. Gold and 

Mr. Andrew A. Stern 

Mrs. Dorothy Tapper Goldman 

Mr. Allan Golston 

Dr. Margaret A. Goodman 

The Goodman-Swindell Family 

Foundation 

Mr. and Mrs. Henry H. Gordon 

(Strata Resources Inc.) 

James C. Gorman 

Drs. Mark Graham and 

Laneta Dorflinger and their family 

Peter and Rhondda Grant 

Denise Gray-Felder and Donald Felder 

Greater Washington Community 

Foundation 

mark sanford gross / billy ocallaghan 

Ms. Collot Guerard 

Umang and Ruth Gupta 

James M. and Anita K. Guyette 

Nancy E. Gwinn and John Y. Cole 

Mr. and Mrs. Spencer B. Haber 

Ms. Bette Hagan 

Hair Cuttery 

Mrs. Jocelin Hamblett 

(The Robertson Foundation) 

Hamilton Place Strategies 

Mr. and Mrs. Richard E. Hanlon 

(Hanlon Family Fund) 

The Keith Haring Foundation 

Dr. Keecha Harris 

Robert Harris and Susan Rothermund 

Ms. Kathryn N. Harrison 

Harvard University 

Mr. Christopher Harvell and 

Dr. Lezli Levene Harvell 

Roger D. and Martha E.V. Hathaway 

Hausfeld 

Office of Hawaiian Affairs 

The Dorothy I. Height Foundation, Inc. 

Mr. and Mrs. Jay J. Hellman 

Shevanne and Jan Helmer 

Mr. Barclay G. Henderson 

(Henderson Foundation) 

The Jane Henson Foundation 

Mr. Charles Hess 

Mr. and Mrs. Conrad Hipkins 

Hobbs, Straus, Dean & Walker, LLP 

Elizabeth Jackson Hodges and 

C. Howie Hodges 

Mr. and Mrs. John Hoffman 

Dr. Judith Richards Hope 

Mrs. Miranda Hope 

Mr. Norbert Hornstein and 

Ms. Amy Weinberg 

Mr. Eric R. Horowitz 

Tom and Janet Horton 

Virginia Hough 

Freeman A. Hrabowski III and 

Jacqueline C. Hrabowski 

Bannus and Cecily Hudson 

Mr. Candice Hughes and 

Mr. Louis R. Hughes 

Incentive Technology Group, LLC 

Mr. and Mrs. Timothy Ingrassia 

Inspirato 

Institutional Investor Inc. 

International Elephant Foundation 

Iota Phi Theta Fraternity, Incorporated 

The Ireland Funds America 

Ms. Audrey Irmas 

(The Audrey & Sydney Irmas 

Charitable Foundation) 

Isambard Kingdom Brunel Society 

of North America 

John E. and Barbara S. Jacob 

Dr. Michael Jacobs 

Ms. Lorri Jean 

Ms. Lois Jecklin 

Jenner & Block, LLP 

David and Pat Jernigan 

Wendell L. and Marie Collins Johns 

Carolyn Johnsen and Richard Nye 

LTC (Ret.) Charlotte Johnson 

Mr. and Mrs. Henry Pierce Johnson 

Kirk Johnson and Chase DeForest 

Gene and Jerry Jones Family Foundation 

Michael and Diane Jones 

DONORS TO THE SMITHSONIAN Recognizing our benefactors

Thelma and Melvin Lenkin 

Lenovo 

Phillip and Edith Leonian Foundation 

Byron and Sylvia Lewis 

Cheryl Winter Lewy and Glen Lewy 

Ms. May Liang and Mr. James Lintott 

Gina Lin 

Liphatech, Inc. 

Marie and Harley Lippman 

Lisson Gallery 

Longwood Gardens 

Mr. and Mrs. Kenneth G. Lore 

Mr. and Mrs. Robert D. MacDonald 

Macy’s, Inc. 

Meredith Siegfried Madden 

and Dr. Peter Madden 

Mr. and Mrs. Peter L. Malkin 

Barbara and Morton Mandel 

Ambassador Robert and 

Julie Mandell 

Dr. Claire Prouty Mansur and 

Mr. John P. Ryan 

MassMutual Foundation 

Dr. and Mrs. Douglas E. Mattox 

Bonnie and Tom McCloskey 

Mr. and Mrs. Thad and 

Becky McCollum 

Mr. and Mrs. David L. McCombs 

Mele and Michael E. Melton, Esq. 

Mr. George Frederick Mead Merck 

Ms. Elizabeth E. Meyer and 

Mr. Michael McCaffrey 

Robert E. Meyerhoff and 

Rheda Becker 

Constance Corcoran Miller 

Ms. Victoria Miro 

(Victoria Miro Gallery) 

Jane Mitchell and Jeffrey Bland 

Mohamed bin Zayed 

Species Conservation Fund 

Molex Incorporated 

The Ambrose Monell Foundation 

Ms. Bridget Moore and 

Mr. Christoph M. Kotowski 

Patricia and Walter Moore 

Pearl and Seymour Moskowitz 

Ms. Kristel Mucino-Koenig 

(Eric & Della Koenig Foundation) 

Sarah E. Nash and 

Michael S. Sylvester 

Paul Neely 

Dr. and Mrs. Christopher E. Nelson 

Newmark Grubb Knight Frank 

Mr. and Mrs. Kingsley Obaji 

(NIS Solutions) 

Mr. and Mrs. Morris W. Offit 

Amelia and Bayo Ogunlesi 

Dennis and Trudy O’Toole 

Mr. Adam and Mrs. Lisa Palmer 

PeclersParis 

Mr. Guillermo Peralta and 

Mrs. Lynda Correa Peralta 

Perkins Coie 

Alan P. Peterson, M.D. 

Pat and Bill Podlich 

Dr. and Mrs. Fernando Porter 

Prince Charitable Trusts 

PSCU 

Thomas Pumpelly 

Embassy of the State of Qatar 

Mr. Eduardo Rabassa and 

Ms. Patricia M. Marcos

(Seeliger Y Conde International) 

Radian Guaranty, Inc. 

Ralph Lauren Corporation 

Ms. Almine Rech-Picasso 

Lola C. Reinsch 

(Reinsch Pierce Family Foundation) 

The Nora Roberts Foundation 

Mr. François Rochon/

Giverny Capital Inc. 

Rockwell Group 

Mrs. Heidi Roddenberry, 

The Roddenberry Foundation 

Ms. Gloria Rodriguez 

John F.W. Rogers 

Mr. Mark Rosman and 

Dr. Jacqueline Corcoran 

Richard Rosman and 

Fran Morris Rosman 

The Brian and Jill Rowe Foundation 

Mrs. Oneida Felton Rozier 

Dr. Randi Rubovits-Seitz 

John and Anne Ryan 

Safran 

Dr. Janice E. Sanders 

Debra and Kiah Sandler 

Santa Barbara Foundation 

Judy Saslow 

Ms. Karla Scherer 

Mr. and Mrs. Charles R. Schwab 

Mr. and Mrs. Ron Sechrist 

Securities Industries Financial 

Markets Association (SIFMA) 

Carole and Gordon Segal 

Mrs. Poppy Hadiman Setiawan 

Shakopee Mdewakanton Sioux 

Community 

Share Fund 

Sophia Shaw and Art Collins 

The Gertrude E. Skelly Charitable 

Foundation 

Sketch Foundation 

Ms. Kelly P. Smith 

The Honorable Pamela H. Smith 

(The Hyde Foundation) 

Paula A. Sneed and Lawrence P. Bass 

Earl W. and Amanda Stafford 

David and Margaret Stewart 

Tom and Kitty Stoner 

Diana and Steve Strandberg 

Mr. Jon L. Stryker and 

Mr. Slobodan Randjelovic 

John A. and Janet Swanson 

Mr. Akio Tagawa 

Taipei Economic and Cultural 

Representative Office in the 

United States 

Ambassador Nicholas F. Taubman 

and Mrs. Eugenia L. Taubman 

T.D. Jakes Ministries 

Mr. Jason Tilroe 

Ms. Kathryn C. Turner 

Twenty-First Century Fox, Inc. 

United Launch Alliance 

Unity Technologies 

University of Florida 

Mr. Takao Uno and Mrs. Emi Inoue 

Mr. and Mrs. Adalbert Von Gontard III 

Dr. Richard Waldhorn and 

Ms. Jamie Gorelick 

Drs. Harold and Myra Weiss 

The Widgeon Point Charitable 

Foundation 

Ms. Kelly M. Williams and 

Mr. Andrew J. Forsyth 

Edgar Wilson Trust 

The Woodtiger Fund 

Jason D. and Jeannette D. Young 

Mr. and Mrs. Michael Zamsky 

Mr. David Zwirner 

(David Zwirner Gallery) 

$10,000 OR MORE 

Anonymous 

Accelerate Colorado 

Ms. Simone L. Acha 

Janice M. Adams 

Clara Leach Adams-Ender 

The Honorable Alfonso Leo Adderly 

and Mrs. Wilda Adderly 

AEIO, LLC 

Ms. Janis Agopian 

Airbus 

Alaska Anthropological Association 

Claudia R. Allen and Willis M. Allen, Jr. 

Marjie and Steve Alloy 

Dr. Tina Alster and 

Ambassador Paul Frazer 

James H. Alston Family 

Amazon.com 

Lucy and Gordon Ambach 

American Council on Education 

The American Institute of Architects 

Joy Ammerman and Denis Franks 

Mr. Mark Andrews 

(M.E. Andrews and Associates) 

Mr. Ronald Andrews 

Armenian Missionary Association 

of America, Inc. 

Mr. and Mrs. Mark G. Aron 

(Aron Family Foundation) 

The Marjorie Sale Arundel Fund 

for the Earth 

Audi of America, Inc. 

Mr. and Mrs. William Aylward 

AZA Conservation Grants Fund 

B2M LLC 

BAE Systems 

Mrs. Jamie Baldinger 

Ms. Andrea E. Ball 

Banco General, S.A. 

Ms. Elizabeth Barber 

Mrs. Karole Dill Barkley and 

Mr. Eric J. Barkley 

DONORS TO THE SMITHSONIAN Recognizing our benefactors
44 45

Mr. H. Patrick Swygert and 

Dr. Leslie T. Fenwick 

Mr. Vincent Szwajkowski and 

Ms. Alexandra T. Nemerov 

Mr. Yasumeda Takeda 

Mr. and Mrs. Joshua Tanzer 

Alyssa Taubman and Robert Rothman 

Texas Instruments Foundation 

Dr. Wesley Delaine Thomas 

Dr. F. Christian Thompson 

Charles and Geneva Thornton 

Leslie Thomasina Thornton 

Marie and Gary Thunem 

TI Live Events, Inc. 

David M. Tolley 

Tory Burch 

The Toy Association 

Lisa and Charles Tribbett 

Tufenkian Hospitality LLC 

Jennifer Smith Turner and Eric Turner 

Marshall and Ann Turner 

Mr. Michael J. and Dr. Amy B. Tuteur 

University of California, Berkeley 

University of California, Santa Barbara 

U.S. Chamber of Commerce 

Dr. and Mrs. Jean-Paul Valles 

Mr. Aaron Vermut 

Virtru Corporation 

Ms. Valaree Wahler 

Tina A. Walls 

The Washington Post 

Mr. and Mrs. Jack H. Watson, Jr. 

Ellen Bayard Weedon Foundation 

Wells Fargo 

Nadine and Bill Westcott 

Ms. Leslie A. Wheelock 

Whole Foods Market 

Williams & Connolly LLP 

Ms. Christine Windheuser 

Mr. and Mrs. Robert Wolf 

Paul R. Wood 

Mrs. Ann Soh Woods 

Howard and Gail Campbell Woolley 

Charitable Fund 

The World Bank 

Wrinkle in Time Foundation 

Irene and Alan Wurtzel 

Yale School of Management 

Fred and Sandra Young 

Young Leaders Alumni Council 

Nancy and Philip Young 

Young Presidents’ Organization 

Young Presidents’ Organization, 

D.C. Chapter 

Mr. and Mrs. Robert S. Zelenka 

Zoo New England 

The Zug Family: George, Pat, 

Jon and Erin 

$5,000 OR MORE 

Anonymous 

57 Stars LLC 

Mr. Michael D. Abrams and 

Ms. Sandra Stewart 

Academy of Motion Picture Arts 

and Sciences 

Dr. and Mrs. Gholam Reza Afkhami 

AgFed Credit Union 

Mr. Adrian Al-Amin, Sr. 

The Josef and Anni Albers Foundation 

Mr. and Mrs. Clifford J. Alexander 

Ms. Lisa Brown Alexander 

Mr. Robert L. Allbritton 

Mr. and Mrs. Hunter S. Allen, Jr. 

Ms. Aida Alvarez and 

Dr. Raymond J. Baxter 

American International Group, 

Inc. (AIG) 

Anchorage Museum Association 

Charles and Hilda Anderson 

Ms. Gray Anderson 

Renette Combs Anderson 

Mr. Richard Anicetti 

Aon National Flood Services 

The Honorable Berj Apkarian 

Armenian International Women’s 

Assoc.—L.A. Chapter (AIWA) 

Anne Ashmore-Hudson, Ph.D. 

Association of Public and 

Land-grant Universities 

Dr. Angela Austin 

Milton and Sally Avery Arts Foundation 

Bill and Pam Ayer 

Mr. and Mrs. Daniel L. and 

Dianne Monteith Bailey 

The Honorable Vicky A. Bailey 

Eileen Baird 

Baker, Donelson, Bearman, 

Caldwell & Berkowitz, PC 

Mrs. Agatha Barclay and 

Mr. Albert H. Barclay, Jr. 

Ms. Norma Barfield 

Battelle 

Mr. and Mrs. Dwight J. Baum 

Susan and Thomas Baxter 

Karen Ferris Beardsley 

Ms. Linda K. Beauvil 

Mr. Peter Bedini 

Mr. and Mrs. James R. Beers 

Gabrielle de Kuyper Bekink 

Mr. Kenneth DeWayne Bell 

Robin Aleda Belle, James Major Belle III 

and Joan Belle Ricks 

Mr. and Mrs. Morton A. Bender 

(Dorothy G. Bender Foundation) 

Dr. Stephanie Bennett-Smith 

Derryl and Jacqueline Benton 

Mr. E. Bertram Berkley 

(Tension Envelope Foundation) 

Ann E. Berman and Daniel J. Feld 

Steve and Elizabeth Berry 

Jewelle and Nathaniel Bickford 

Robert and Dawn Birmingham 

Mr. Anselm Bischoff 

BI Worldwide 

Biz Markie, Inc. 

Mr. Dennis Black 

Tina Blackwell and Traci Blackwell 

Marion C. Blakey 

Governor James J. Blanchard and 

Mrs. Janet Blanchard 

Mr. and Mrs. Norman R. Bobins (The 

Robert Thomas Bobins Foundation) 

A. Scott and Erika Bolden 

Mr. Benjamin Bolger 

Vence and Angela Bonham 

Bonhams & Butterfields 

Ms. Darlene Bookoff 

Ms. Suzanne Deal Booth 

Haise and Kevin Borgmann 

Earl and Barbara Bowles 

Mrs. MaryAnn Bowman 

danah boyd, Ph.D. 

Mrs. Rose Williams Boyd 

Joyce Martin Brayboy 

Ms. Shelley Brazier 

Mr. and Mrs. Mark Breese 

Sharon C. and James R. Briggs, Jr. 

Roger Brody 

Ms. Jane A. Brown 

Dr. Quincalee Brown and 

Dr. James P. Simsarian 

Thomas Brown 

The Brukardt Family 

The Honorable Stephanie A. Bryan 

(Poarch Band of Creek Indians) 

Randi Bryant-Agenbroad and 

Aaron Agenbroad 

Mr. Eric Buehrens 

Ms. Joan M. Burke 

Walter and Kelly Burks 

Peg and Blain Butner 

Ms. Capri S. Cafaro 

The Honorable Michael Caplin and 

Mrs. Kristina Caplin 

Mr. Joe R. Carroll 

Mr. Francis Carter 

Mr. David W. Cartwright 

Dr. and Mrs. James I. Cash, Jr. 

Ms. Sheryll D. Cashin and 

Mr. Marque Chambliss 

Mr. Vincent R. Castro 

Ms. Jen Chaiken and Ms. Sam 

Hamilton (The Donald and Carole 

Chaiken Foundation) 

Felicia Lynette Chambers, Esq. and 

Gloria Celestine Brown 

Kevin and Damara Chambers 

Chaney Enterprises Foundation 

Susan Chapman-Hughes and 

Christopher Hughes 

Mr. Stephen Charles 

Susanna Choy and Rosanna Yi 

Ms. Victoria C. Choy and 

Mr. Robert Miller 

Christie’s 

Ellen-Blair Chube 

Clark Concepts 

Gwendolyn Bullock Clark 

Hester Taylor Clark 

Mr. Andrew W. Clarke and 

Mr. Martin Sherrill II 

Mr. Alan Cline 

Dr. Amanda Cobb-Greetham 

Abby Joseph Cohen 

Thea Cohen and Dave Yellin 

Suzanne and Norman Cohn 

George and Nina Cois 

Ronald D. Collier, M.D., F.A.C.S. 

Colorado Automobile Dealers 

Association 

The Commonwealth Fund 

Confetti Events, LLC 

Chip Conley Foundation 

Ms. Maureen Conners 

Dr. Estelle Cooke-Sampson 

Paula Cooper 

Corning Incorporated Foundation 

Ruth Covo Family Foundation 

Dr. Judith L. Craven 

Mr. and Mrs. Gordon Crawford 

Elaine A. Crider 

Mr. Michael J. Critelli 

Mr. and Mrs. Gregory Cummings 

Daughters of the American Revolution 

David Kordansky Gallery 

Howlie R. Davis 

John and Jordan Davis Foundation 

John Davis and Jason Heffner 

Kevin Michael Davis and 

Erin Margaret Texeira 

Drs. Lonnie Davis and 

Victoria Edmond-Davis 

Nora Hsu Davis and Barry C. Davis 

The Charles Delmar Foundation 

Dr. Philip J. Deloria and 

Mrs. Peggy Burns-Deloria 

Dentons US LLP 

The Honorable Vivian Lowery Derryck 

and Mr. Robert J. Berg 

Beth Rudin DeWoody and 

Firooz Zahedi 

Katrina Dobbs 

Mr. Jim Dodge (Bon Appétit 

Management Company) 

Mr. and Mrs. Jacob Doft 

Ms. Aryn Drake-Lee 

Duff & Phelps LLC 

Elizabeth Duggal and Alain Taghipour 

(Gold Family Foundation) 

Mr. and Mrs. Lawrence Duncan III 

Mrs. P.J. Dunn 

Van H. Dunn, M.D. and 

Linda Spradley Dunn 

DONORS TO THE SMITHSONIAN Recognizing our benefactors

Mr. and Ms. Terry L. Jones 

Thomas and Adelaide Jones 

Mr. and Mrs. Vernon E. Jordan, Jr. 

J. Lisa Jorgenson and David Doniger 

Lou Josephs and Susan Koonin 

Mr. Alan Robert Kabat 

Mr. Joey W. Kaempfer 

(Lucas Kaempfer Foundation) 

Kalisher 

The Kaplen Brothers Fund 

Betsy K. Karel 

Dr. and Mrs. Ashok Kaveeshwar 

Henry B. & Jessie W. Keiser 

Foundation, Inc. 

Herb Kelleher 

Kate Kelly and George Schweitzer 

Mr. Sean Kelly (Sean Kelly Gallery) 

Mrs. Frances H. Kennedy 

Ms. Judy Kieffer 

Mr. and Mrs. Bill S. Kim 

Ms. Yung Hee Kim 

(New York Projects Inc.) 

Mr. and Mrs. Colbert I. King 

Erica and Gregory L. Kinzelman 

Dr. Kay D. Klass and Mr. Mark A. Levitt 

Pavel Klein 

Mr. Stuart Kogod and 

Ms. Denise Garone 

Mr. Stephen C. Koval and 

Ms. Celeste M. Sant’Angelo 

The Kresge Foundation 

Bruce and Leslie Lane Foundation 

Jack and Shanaz Langson 

Evelyn Day Lasry 

Jo Carole and Ronald S. Lauder 

Ms. Sarah Lawer 

Dr. Dallas A. Lea, II and 

DeDe Ferrell Lea 

Mr. Larry Lee 

(Coin and Bullion Reserve) 

Mr. John Legend and 

Ms. Christine Teigen 

Robert Lehman Foundation 

Mr. James H. Lemon, Jr. 

(The Lemon Foundation) 

Mr. Robert Lende 

Fred M. Levin and Nancy Livingston, 

The Shenson Foundation 

Drs. Jerrold Levy and Maria Arias 

Ms. Ginger Lew and Mr. C. Lennart 

Ehn (Ehn Lew Family Foundation) 

The David Baker Lewis Family 

Charitable Foundation 

Ed and Carolyn Lewis 

The Link Foundation 

Jan W. Lipkin 

Steve and Betsy Loranger 

Ms. Linda Koch Lorimer 

(The Koch Ellis Fund) 

Audrey Love Charitable Foundation 

Mr. and Mrs. David M. Love 

Mr. and Mrs. Sheldon Lubar 

(Lubar Family Foundation) 

Ronald and Ayana Machen 

Dr. and Mrs. Robert Mackay 

Ms. Milagro Magid 

(Larry & Millie Magid Foundation) 

Maharam 

Mr. Rafat “Ray” and 

Mrs. Shaista Mahmood 

Barbara J. Mahone 

Mr. Daniel Manatt (Democracy Films) 

Mr. and Mrs. Lawrence P. Mann 

Richard and 

Jane Manoogian Foundation 

The Robert Mapplethorpe 

Foundation, Inc. 

Matthew and Michelle Marsh 

Mass Design Group 

Mr. and Mrs. Toshi Masuoka 

Terry and Susan McCallister 

Mr. and Mrs. John W. McCarter, Jr. 

Henry and Celia McGee 

Mrs. Harriet C. McGuire 

(The Troy Foundation) 

Mr. Richard P. McNeil 

Richard and Ronay Menschel 

Ms. Adele S. Merck 

(Wells Family Foundation) 

Metro Pictures 

Micron Technology Foundation, Inc. 

Microsoft Corporation 

Milbank, Tweed, Hadley & McCloy 

Ellen G. Miles and Neil R. Greene 

Arnold Miller 

Mr. and Mrs. Philip L. Milstein 

Minnesota Landscape Arboretum 

John Mirak Foundation 

Robbin Mitchell and Jeffrey Scruggs 

MMIS|MEDISPEND 

Monumental Sports & Entertainment 

The Claude Moore Charitable 

Foundation 

Douglas and Susan Morrison 

Susan and Furman Moseley 

Mr. Henry R. Muñoz III 

Ruth O’Donnell Mutch 

Yasu Narita 

National Academy of Inventors 

National Electrical Contractors 

Association, Inc. 

National Funeral Directors Association 

Ms. Rania Nazhat 

Elizabeth R. Nesbitt 

Neubauer Family Foundation 

Katherine Neville 

Mr. and Mrs. Robert Newman 

Dr. Sandra Nichols and 

Mr. Ronnie A. Nichols 

The Honorable and 

Mrs. William A. Nitze 

Nordic Ware 

North Carolina Aquarium Society 

Northwestern University 

Eileen Harris Norton Foundation 

Mr. Murthy Nukala and 

Ms. Sunita C. Parbhu 

NVIDIA 

Carl T. and Carol Jean Obenland 

Marty O’Brien and Lisa Gordon 

Mr. and Mrs. Jay Scott Odell 

Ms. Yoshie Ogawa 

Andrew Oliver and Melanie Du Bois 

Daniel and Louise Oliver 

Mr. Morgan Dene Oliver and 

Elizabeth Hamman Oliver 

Olympus American Inc. 

Janice Carlson Oresman 

Oscar Isberian Rugs 

The Honorable Maria Otero and 

Reverend Dr. Joseph T. Eldridge 

The Pace Gallery, New York 

Mr. Richard S. Paegelow 

Mrs. Margarita Paláu-Hernández and 

Mr. Roland Hernández 

Carlos and Robin Palomares 

Mr. and Mrs. C. Jason Payne 

Laura H. Peebles and Ellen Fingerman 

Arthur and Linda Pelberg 

Pentagram Design Inc. 

H.R. Perot, Jr. 

Mr. Carter Phillips and 

Mrs. Sue J. Henry 

Ms. Carol Piccaro 

Ms. Regina Pitaro 

Mr. George Pla 

The John L. Plueger Family 

Rodger and Celestine Polk Family 

Mrs. Vivian L. Pollock 

Polycom, Inc. 

Potomac Construction Services 

Ms. Dorothy H. Powe 

Ms. Kate Prendergast 

Primeau Productions 

Jonelle Procope and 

Frederick O. Terrell 

Dr. and Mrs. Deepak Raghavan 

(The Deepak Raghavan Family 

Foundation, Inc.) 

Mrs. Lois S. Raphling 

RBC 

Mr. and Mrs. John Daniel Reaves 

Steve Rechnitz 

The Reed Foundation 

Dr. and Mrs. Mark Reid 

Mr. and Mrs. Blair E. Richardson 

R. Lucia Riddle 

Dr. and Mrs. Kenneth X. Robbins 

Ms. Ann R. Roberts 

Robbie and D’Rita Robinson 

Dr. and Mrs. R. Perry Robinson 

(The Widgeon Point Charitable 

Foundation) 

Arthur and Toni Rembe Rock 

Joseph Romito 

Marcos Ronquillo 

Adam R. Rose and Peter R. McQuillan 

Rieva Rose 

Susan and Elihu Rose 

Mark Rothman 

Dr. Ann Roulet 

Ms. Roberta Ong Roumel 

Mr. and Mrs. Emanuel Larry Rouvelas 

John W. and Jeanne M. Rowe 

Ms. Katherine Rudin 

Holly and Nick Ruffin 

The Safer-Fearer Fund in 

The New York Community Trust 

Charles E. Sampson Memorial Fund 

Sands Capital Management, LLC 

Mr. and Mrs. Michael L. Sapir 

The Embassy of 

The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia 

Mr. and Mrs. Timothy R. Schantz 

SCHF Management, LP 

School of Visual Arts 

John and Martha Schwieters 

Ms. Komal Shah 

Mr. Randall C. Shepard 

Ms. Joan Shigekawa 

Mr. Richard Siegel and 

Ms. Diana Altman 

Sierra Nevada Corporation 

Nancy and Mark Silverman 

V. Joy Simmons, M.D. 

The SJS Charitable Trust 

Mr. Andrew D. Skipper 

Mrs. Susan Small-Savitsky 

and Mr. Gerald Savitsky 

(Albert & Lillian Small Foundation) 

David Bruce Smith Foundation 

Mr. and Mrs. Gregory A. Smith 

Judith Smith and Lonnie Spencer 

Dr. Karl A. Smith and 

Ms. Jane Delaney 

Smithsonian Networks 

Snap-on Inc. 

Mr. and Mrs. Robert N. Snyder 

Mr. Joshua Spear 

Spring Island Trust 

Earl and Dawn Stafford 

Ms. Jessica Stafford-Davis 

Stanford University 

Dmitri Stockton and 

Renée Allain-Stockton 

Ellen Stofan and Tim Dunn 

Stoladi Property Group, Inc. 

S.M. Stroman 

Mr. and Mrs. Geoffrey Strommer 

Hattie M. Strong Foundation 

Ms. Ronda E. Stryker and 

Mr. William Johnston 

Mr. and Mrs. John F. Sullivan 

(Sullivan Insurance Company) 

The Sumitomo Foundation 

Swann Auction Galleries 

Valerie Swickard 

DONORS TO THE SMITHSONIAN Recognizing our benefactors
46 47

Kradjian Importing Co. 

Ms. Robyn S. Kravit 

Ms. Patrice Kunesh 

Ms. Ruth Ann Kurzbauer 

Mr. and Mrs. James J. Lally 

Diane Lane 

Jon Langhorst and Catherine Creese 

Mr. and Mrs. Sidney Lapidus 

Mr. David Lauren and 

Ms. Lauren Bush 

Leakey Foundation 

Mr. Raymond J. Learsy 

Barbara Lee Family Foundation 

Ms. Debra Lehman-Smith 

Mr. Jonathan E. Leonard 

Kathleen Leonard 

Dale and George Levert 

Jeanne and Richard Levitt 

Ms. Joanna McNeil Lewis 

Ms. Jeanine Liburd 

Wesley Lin and Brian Chapman 

Mr. Lance E. Lindblom 

(Rauch Foundation, Inc.) 

Susan Lindemuth 

Tim Lindholm and Lucy Gaylord-Lindholm 

T.E. Lindley and Lola Sue Scobey 

Nova D. Little 

Mr. Michael Littleford 

Loacker 

Martha G. Locke 

Ms. Patricia L. Lofland 

Étienne and Harold Logan 

Walter and Elizabeth Lohmann 

Ms. Gwendolyn Lohse and 

Mr. James Assey 

Mr. Christopher Lornell and 

Ms. Kim A. Gandy 

Reginald Love 

Dr. Sandra J. Lovinguth and 

Mr. Edward A. Lovinguth, Jr. 

Mr. Frederick Lowery 

Ms. Katie Lowes and 

Mr. Adam Shapiro 

Ms. Elizabeth Lucas 

Mr. Bernard I. Lumpkin and 

Mr. Carmine D. Boccuzzi 

Mr. and Mrs. Marc Lunder 

Dr. and Mrs. David Machuga 

Mr. Terrance T. Mack 

Linda and Harry Macklowe 

Carl Magnusson and 

Emanuela Frattini Magnusson 

Ms. Carrie Mahan 

Jennifer M. Manly 

Manzanillo International Terminal—

Panama, S.A. 

The March Foundation 

Marriott International, Inc. 

Marriott Wardman Park Hotel 

Virginia Cretella Mars 

Mary Martell and Paul M. Johnson 

Mr. Armen Martirosyan 

Mr. and Mrs. Frank Martucci 

Mr. and Mrs. Michael Massie 

(Mountain Laurel Foundation) 

Massimo De Carlo Milan\London\ 

Hong Kong 

Dr. Enrique Matabar 

James and Marsha Mateyka 

Mrs. Patricia Mathews 

Lesli and John Mathewson 

Mr. David Maupin 

Mr. Ricardo Maybury and 

Mrs. Susan Pateras 

Dr. Vickie M. Mays 

Mr. Terry Mazany (The Chicago 

Community Foundation) 

McAdoo Family 

McClary-White Charitable Foundation 

Mr. and Mrs. John N. McConnell 

(The John N. and Marilyn P. 

McConnell Charitable Foundation) 

McCormick & Company, Inc. 

Ms. Mary McDermott Cook 

Mr. Derek McGinty and 

Ms. Cheryl Cooper 

Ms. Jodie McLean 

Ms. Linda Meer and Mr. Ed Falkowitz 

Ms. Grete Meilman and 

Mr. Hanno Mott 

Sylvia and Stephen Melikian 

Merck Foundation 

Jo and Peter Michalski 

The Michelson Foundation 

Dennis and Patricia Miller 

Jack, Marion, Joan, Jane 

and Audrey Miller 

Lawrence and Iris Miller 

Ms. Michelle Miller 

Mr. Randall Pernell Mitchell 

R.C. Mitchell 

Monique Meloche Gallery 

Michael J. Montali 

Wendy Burden Morgan 

Mr. Harold L. Morrison, Jr. 

Dr. David C. Mosby and 

Mrs. Jestine Thomas Mosby 

Deborah E. Mosley-Bennett 

Dale A. Mott and Kenneth P. Hyle, Jr. 

Ms. Dee Dee Myers 

Mr. Behzad Nehmadi 

Network for Good 

Ms. Elmaree Newson 

Mr. Hau Nguyen and Mr. Arthur Lewis 

George and Deborah Nichols 

Richard and Sonja Nichols 

Nordstrom 

NPD Group, Inc. 

Mr. and Mrs. William M. Obering 

Ms. Katharine O’Brien 

Earnest Lee Offley 

Mr. Christopher Olofson 

Mr. Ifeanyi Samuel Orizu 

Ms. Meredith Orthwein 

Mr. and Mrs. David M. Osnos 

Michael T. Owens and 

Wanda Felton Owens 

Oyebola Oyedijo 

Dr. Olasope O. Oyelaran and 

Dr. Eileen B. Wilson-Oyelaran 

Mr. Marc Pachter 

Mr. and Mrs. Chips Chapman Page 

(Robert H. and Monica M. Cole 

Foundation) 

Syrinda E. and George L. Paige 

Beverly and William Parker 

Wesley Patterson and 

Linda Pritchard Patterson 

Peco Foundation 

Dr. Eva J. Pell and Mr. Ira J. Pell 

Barbara Rescher Perry 

Peters Family Art Foundation 

The James F. Petersen Charitable 

Fund and Debbie Frank Petersen 

Patti McGill Peterson and 

Kate S. Woodward 

Ms. Janet S. Petry 

Dr. and Mrs. J. Peter Pham 

DeWayne N. Phillips 

Mr. and Mrs. Guy Phillips 

Kay and Dave Phillips 

Mr. and Mrs. David Pickett 

Anthony T. Pierce and 

Karen Stevens Pierce 

Barry and Beverly Lang Pierce 

Pippins and Robinson Family 

Mr. and Mrs. Ronald Pizzuti 

Mr. and Mrs. Mihail Polymeropoulos 

Lester Poretsky Family Foundation 

Ms. Gail DeBuse Potter 

Denese F. and Leonard H. Powell 

Powers Pyles Sutter & Verville PC 

Ms. Clara Lee Pratte 

(Strongbow Strategies) 

Mr. Dale Precoda 

Ms. Eva Presenhuber 

Preston Gates & Ellis LLP 

Ron and Kim Price 

PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP 

Shirley Priest and Family 

Privia Health 

Property Group Partners LLC 

Ms. Ada Powell Quattrocchi 

Madeline Murphy Rabb 

Mr. and Mrs. Richard Raines 

Curtis Everdy Ransom 

Richard T. Rapp, Ph.D. 

Dr. Hanne Nina Rasmussen 

Dr. and Mrs. M. Keith Rawlings 

Mr. Jim Reagan and Ms. Jane Shehi 

Germar and Angelinia Reed 

Mr. David P. Rehfuss and 

Mrs. Hedy S. Rehfuss 

Mr. Ralph M.G. Reynolds and Family 

RFA Management Company, LLC 

The Honorable Condoleezza Rice 

Sonya and Thomas Ricketts 

The Ritz-Carlton 

Ms. Caroline Robbins 

Mr. and Mrs. Bennett Roberts 

Dr. Rita Roberts and 

Dr. Terrence Roberts 

Mr. Charles J. Robertson 

Dr. Harold Robinson 

DONORS TO THE SMITHSONIAN Recognizing our benefactors

Mr. and Mrs. Ray Edwards 

Paul D. Ekman 

Elkus Manfredi Architects 

Mr. Frank and Brenda Ellison 

The Lois and Richard England Family 

Richard and Diana England, Jr. 

Ms. Brenda Erickson 

ESPN, Inc. 

Ms. Liza Essers 

Mr. Randy Falco 

Mr. and Mrs. George J. Fan (Katherine 

and George Fan Foundation) 

Mr. and Mrs. A. Huda Farouki 

Ms. Wendy Farrow 

Lance S. Ferguson, M.D. 

George M. Ferris 

Fieldstead & Company 

Dr. Peggie A. Findlay and 

Dr. Steven E. Bush 

Mr. Danny First 

Mr. L.R. Fischer 

Mrs. Shirley M. Fisher 

Mr. and Mrs. John M. Flowers, Jr. 

FMC Corporation 

Cynthia and Edsel Ford 

Nathaniel and Jannet Ford 

Gretchen and Matthew Frank 

Sidney E. Frank Foundation 

Peter and Cathy Halstead 

James Larry Frazier and 

Bonnie Nance Frazier 

Ms. Christine M. Freidel and 

Mr. Douglas Varley 

Richard Freisner 

Mr. and Mrs. Stephen Friedman 

Mr. Stephen Friedman 

The Honorable William H. Frist, M.D./

The Dorothy Cate & Thomas F. Frist 

Foundation 

Fritz Hansen 

Lloyd A. Fry Foundation 

Ann and Richard Fudge 

Dr. Susan H. Fuhrman 

(Teachers College) 

Vicki A. Funk 

Mr. and Mrs. Todd Galaida 

Ms. Jacqueline Gamblin 

Otis and Barbara Gates 

Mr. and Mrs. Gordon P. Getty 

(Ann & Gordon Getty Foundation) 

Mr. and Mrs. Carl S. Gewirz 

Ranjana K. Ghose, Art of Sri Chinmoy 

Mr. Brian Gibbons (Greenberg Gibbons 

Reliable Contracting Foundation) 

John A. and Lile R. Gibbons 

Gregory M. Gill and Thomasina V. Rogers 

Dr. Guido Goldman 

Dr. John Stuart Gordon 

LaTricia Gordon 

Mr. and Mrs. Kevin Gover 

Mr. and Mrs. Solomon Graham 

Barry and V. Michelle Granger 

Ms. Juanita R. Green 

Phyllis Caudle Green and Ernest Green 

Greene Naftali Gallery 

Mr. Peter Grigsby 

Mr. and Mrs. Bernardo J. Guiliano 

Ms. Nancy E. Gullick 

Vikash Gupta 

Mr. Mario Haberfeld 

Ms. Lindsey Hagan 

Norman and Kimberly D. Hairston 

Canzetta A.W. Hamilton and 

Everett E. Hamilton, Jr. 

Jeffrey Handen 

Dr. Eli Harari 

Daniel W. Harris 

Stan and Doris Harrison 

Dr. Fruzsina M. Harsanyi and 

Mr. Raymond Garcia 

Hawaiian Electric Industries 

Janice Hazlehurst 

Ralph D. Heath 

Ms. Lizbeth Henriquez 

Mr. and Mrs. Miguel Heras 

CDR Douglas G. and 

Major Barbara E. Hiatt (Ret.) 

Mr. and Mrs. Robert F. Higgins 

Mr. and Mrs. Frederick D. Hill 

John Wesley Hill, Jr. 

Shephard and Kathy Hill 

Mr. David D. Hiller 

Mellody Hobson and George Lucas 

Eric H. Holder, Jr. and 

Sharon D. Malone, M.D. 

Mr. and Mrs. Robert Holland, Jr. 

J. Philip Holloman 

Mary W. Hopkins 

Joseph and Lynne Horning 

Mrs. Helen Horwitz 

Mr. and Mrs. Richard Horwood 

Thomas and Gaylene Hoshiyama 

Ms. Gwen Houston 

Mr. and Mrs. Marcel Houtzager 

Michael J. Howard, CPA and 

Yvonne Howard 

Mr. Chris Howell, BNSF Railway 

Company 

Embry and Joe Howell 

Laura Howell-Smith and 

Russell Smith and Family 

Frederick S. Humphries, Jr., 

Kim Sheftall Humphries, 

Arielle S. Humphries, 

Frederick S. Humphries III 

Randy J. and Kelsey T. Hunt 

Ms. Beverly J. Hunter 

Drs. Peyton and Betty Hutchison 

Mr. Peter Barton Hutt 

Mr. Peter Barton Hutt II and 

Ms. Gretchen Sierra-Zorita 

International OCD Foundation 

Mr. Sheldon Inwentash and 

Mrs. Lynn Factor 

Juanita James and Dudley N. 

Williams, Jr., Dudley N. Williams III 

Robert L. and Anne K. James 

Dr. Felicia B. Jamison 

Ms. Susan Janssen 

Japan Foundation Center for 

Global Partnership 

JBG SMITH 

Dr. Paul Bishop Jenkins and 

Lisa Gillespie Jenkins 

Daniel and Kimberly Johnson 

Dr. Earl Johnson, Jr. 

Jill Beasley Johnson and 

Charles S. Johnson 

Liz Johnson and Staci Hartwell 

Mr. Robert N. Johnson 

Chris and Tricia Jones 

Chris and Vernice Jones 

Mr. and Mrs. Clayton M. Jones 

Ms. Jennifer Jones 

JPMorgan Chase Foundation 

Ms. Leah Karp 

Ms. Patricia P. Karp and 

Ms. Judith A. Powers 

Theodore and Ruth Kassinger 

Sheldon and Audrey Katz 

Donnell Lewis Kearney 

The Honorable Dirk and 

Mrs. Patricia Kempthorne 

Ms. Marie-Louise Kennedy 

Mr. and Mrs. Clarke Keough 

(Donald & Marilyn Keough Foundation) 

Joseph and Paula Kerger 

Ms. Susan Kessler 

Lola G. and William A. Keyes IV 

Rahman, Anika and Hassan Khan 

Mr. Kevin Kimberlin 

Mr. Blake Kimbrough and 

Mr. Michael Paese 

Mr. John W. Kiser (The William 

and Mary Greve Foundation) 

John and Susan Klein 

Carl and Emily Knobloch 

Ms. Carla Knobloch 

(Knobloch Family Foundation) 

Dr. Susan L. Koen 

Joseph and Nancy Kovalik

DONORS TO THE SMITHSONIAN Recognizing our benefactors
48 49

Ms. Priscilla A. Clapp 

Carol and Johnny Clark 

Mr. and Mrs. Russell Clark 

Nan and Hal Clarke 

Diane B. and Sanford Cloud, Jr., Esq. 

The Honorable Bonnie and 

Mr. Louis R. Cohen 

(Harold I. Rubenstein Family 

Charitable Foundation) 

Ms. Lori L. Cohen and 

Mr. Christopher H. Rothko 

Mr. and Mrs. Theodore Colbert 

Dr. Dolores W. Cole 

Mr. and Mrs. J. Steven Cole 

Dr. and Mrs. Oscar Jackson Cole, Jr. 

Mrs. Willi Colino-Goodman and 

Mr. Barry Goodman 

Sara and Bruce Collette 

Ann and John Collins 

Ms. Gretchen Collins 

Ms. Tanya D. Collins 

The Community Foundation for 

Greater Atlanta 

Compusearch Software Systems, Inc. 

Coneway Family Foundation 

Conference of State Bank 

Supervisors 

Congressional Bank 

Donnette A. Cooper, Esq. 

Dr. Dia Copeland

Ms. Antoinette Corcillo 

LaDoris Hazzard Cordell 

Ronald M. Costell, M.D., and 

Marsha E. Swiss 

Melissa Courtney 

Elizabeth Covey 

Covington & Burling LLP 

Beverly J. Cox 

CPMC LLC 

Mr. John Crillo 

(Sagepoint Financial Inc.) 

Barbara K. Croissant 

Crystal Family Foundation 

CSI DMC 

Ms. Eileen Cubbison 

Ms. Liz Cullen 

Candra A. Cummings, M.D. 

Mr. and Mrs. John R. Curtis 

Ronald and Jessica Dabrowski 

General and Mrs. J.R. Dailey 

Dr. Rosemary S. Darden 

Dr. and Mrs. Roger Dash 

Ms. Kamer Davis 

Ms. Lenora Davis 

Ms. Linda K. Davis 

Professor Peggy C. Davis and 

Mr. Gordon J. Davis 

Dr. and Mrs. Michael Rutledge 

DeBaun 

Delegation of the European Union to 

the United States 

Jim and Barbara Demetrion 

Ray Dempsey, Jr. and 

Alysia M. Dempsey 

Mr. and Mrs. Melvin Denwiddie 

Philip de Picciotto and 

Trinka Roeckelein 

Jeanne De Sa and Dan McGirt 

Peter DeSoto and Shardel Riley 

Jaffe Dickerson 

Mrs. Elizabeth Dieffenderfer 

Ms. Brenda C. Dillard 

Lucien and Catherine Dimino 

Mr. and Mrs. Albert R. Dixon 

Arrington Dixon (ADA Inc.) 

Ms. Lenore S. Dixon 

Miss Patti Dixon 

Mr. and Ms. Anthony Dobranski 

(The Dobranski Foundation, Inc.) 

Ms. Walta Sue Dodd 

Dr. Daniel Dodgen 

Mr. and Mrs. Jerome Dodson 

Simon and Jennifer Dollo 

Mrs. Lindsay Dorney 

Ms. Kathleen M. Doyle and 

Mr. Richard Ravitch 

Dr. Henry John Drewal and 

Dr. Sarah K. Khan 

Ms. Mary N. Dryden 

Barbara M.V. Duncan 

Ms. Virginia Dwan 

W. Mercer and Mary A. Dye 

Dr. Ralph C. Eagle, Jr. 

Ebenezer A.M.E. Church, 

Fort Washington, Maryland 

Mr. Jeffrey W. Eckel 

Amanda Edens and 

Stephanie Semmer 

Mr. and Mrs. J.S. Edmonds 

E GlobalTech 

Mr. and Mrs. Michael D. Eisner 

(The Eisner Foundation) 

The Honorable Stuart Eizenstat 

Mr. Anyanime Ekpo and 

Mrs. Sherika Ekpo 

Mr. and Mrs. Robert Elder 

Ms. Gloria H. Eldridge 

Elementar Americas, Inc. 

Dr. Elinor A. Elfner 

Ms. Susanne Emmerich 

Elizabeth and Anthony Enders 

Mr. Stephen R. English and 

Ms. Molly Munger 

Dr. Julio Escobar 

Evim Foundation 

EW Howell Construction Group 

Ms. C. Tutty Fairbanks 

Mr. Michael Fedele 

Christopher Feldmann and 

Laura Beauchamp 

Ms. Denise Ferguson 

Rhonda and Clayton Ferguson 

Sherry Ferguson and Robert Zoellick 

Mr. and Mrs. Andrew U. Ferrari 

Bernstein Family Foundation 

Mr. Robin Berrington 

Mindy L. Berry 

Mr. Richard S. Berry and 

Ms. Lucy Commoner 

Baroness Veronique Bich 

Blank Rome LLP 

Barbara and James Block 

Mr. and Mrs. Irving Blum 

Ms. Melissa Blye 

Ms. Donna Boles 

Mrs. Leslie G. Bolling 

Dr. Linda Bolton 

Ms. Ellen Macbeth Boomer 

Mr. Todd El Bowens 

Dr. Charles M. Boyd 

Dr. Mayme Boyd 

Patricia Allen Bradley 

Ms. Betsy B. Bratz 

Ms. Carolyn L. Brehm and 

Ambassador Richard Boucher 

Mr. Joe L. Bridger 

Randy and Cindy Broiles 

Mr. David P. Brown 

Joseph C. Brown 

Ms. Sharon K. Brown Isaacs 

Valerie Gerrard Browne 

Bunyan Bryant and Erika Nova 

Michael and Sheril Budagher 

Michael R. Burke 

Ms. LaVarne Burton 

Mr. and Mrs. Dixon M. Butler 

Mr. Eric Butler 

Mr. and Mrs. Robert S. Butler 

Uschi and Bill Butler 

Ms. Iona Calhoun 

Calibre CPA Group 

Ms. Monica L. Campbell 

Mrs. Marie Jeanette Carithers-Kemp 

Reverend Elizabeth Carl 

Ms. Carol J. Carlson 

(Carlson Family Trust) 

Mrs. Christina Carr 

Angelo Carras 

Margaret Carson-Gable and 

Eric H. Gable 

Mrs. Celestine W. Carter 

The Honorable John W. Carter 

Ms. Susan M. Carter 

Carvana 

Ms. Sheila Casteel 

Ms. Barbara Bertozzi Castelli 

Mr. and Mrs. James Catalano 

Caterpillar Foundation 

Cerveceria La Rana Dorada, S.A. 

Charles River Associates, Inc. 

Mr. Stephen I. Chazen 

Dr. and Mrs. Byron Cherry 

Ms. Cecilia H. Chin 

Marilyn M. Cinal 

Mrs. Brice M. Clagett 

The Fertilizer Institute 

Mr. Henry Fields 

Mr. John F. Finerty 

Dr. Jonathan Fink 

First Republic Bank 

Joseph and Barbara Fisher 

Denise Flanagan 

Dick and Alison Fletcher 

London Fletcher 

Ms. Lynne Foote 

Mrs. Charlotte M. Ford 

The Fordjour Family 

Mr. and Mrs. Doug Fout 

(Dun Foundation) 

FOX Architects, LLC 

Ms. Marie Francey and 

Mr. Lupo M. del Bono 

Barbara Francis and Robert Musser 

Ms. Monique P. Frazier 

Stuart L. Fred 

Ms. Estelle Freedman 

Howard and Shirlee Friedenberg 

Ms. Wendy Frieman and 

Colonel David E. Johnson, Ph.D. 

USA (Ret.) 

Mr. Bruce Frishman 

Mr. and Mrs. Rick Froehlich 

Mr. Warren Fugate 

Mr. Giorgio Furioso 

Ms. Jatrice Martel Gaiter 

Ms. Lois Garder 

Mr. Alton L. Garrett, Jr. 

Thomas Garritano and Jan Carpenter 

Gartner, Inc. 

Melvin and Estelle Gelman Foundation 

Gem, Lapidary & Mineral Society of 

Montgomery County, MD, Inc. 

Linda George 

Sumner Gerard Foundation 

Getaround 

Mr. and Mrs. Steven H. Gibson 

Mr. Ian C. Gibson-Smith 

Dr. Roscoe C. Giles III 

Karyn C. Gill and George McC. Gill, M.D. 

Dr. Michelle Denise Gilliard 

Gilman Cheese Corporation 

(Tom and Char Hand) 

Mrs. Patricia Gilmartin 

Mr. Brian Glasser 

Mr. and Mrs. Kenneth Glazer 

Godfrey Dadich Partners 

Mr. William H. Goines 

Mr. and Mrs. Amnon Golan 

Henry H. Goldberg and 

Carol Brown Goldberg 

Mrs. Cheryl Goldwire 

Donald and Patricia Gongaware 

Ila and David Good 

Ms. Linda R. Gooden and 

Mr. Laird Russell Lott 

Ms. Christine Gooding 

Goodwin Procter LLP 

DONORS TO THE SMITHSONIAN Recognizing our benefactors

Jane Washburn Robinson 

Robert Roche and Nancy Hirschbein 

Mr. Robert Rodriguez 

Mr. Robert W. Roessel, P.E. 

(Salt River Project) 

Mrs. Grace M. Romero-Pacheco 

Room & Board, Inc. 

Mr. and Mrs. Benjamin M. Rosen 

Ms. Ritta Rosenberg 

Mr. and Mrs. Barry Rosenthal 

Dr. and Mrs. Donald Rub 

Rust Family Foundation 

The Honorable and 

Mrs. Frederick J. Ryan, Jr. 

Ms. Ruth M. Ryan 

Ms. Amy R. Sabrin and 

Mr. G. Evans Witt 

Mr. and Mrs. Charles Samuels 

San Francisco 49ers 

San Francisco Foundation 

Ambassador Robin Renee Sanders 

Savannah College of Art and Design 

Vesharn N. Scales and 

Patricia B. Scales, Ed.D. 

Mr. and Mrs. George Schell 

Ms. Caroline Schmidt-Barnett 

Mr. and Mrs. John Schram 

Schwab Charitable 

The Honorable Carol Schwartz 

Mr. Mark S. Schwartz 

Donna L. Scott, Esq. 

Dr. Diane Scott-Jones 

Mr. and Mrs. William Scully 

Vanessa and Ryan Segars 

Ms. Ruth O. Selig 

Alice W. Senturia 

The Serwer/Days Family 

Charitable Fund 

Ms. Shelby Settles Harper 

Asif M. Shaikh 

Mr. Mark Shearer (Pitney Bowes Inc.) 

Sheppard Mullin 

Mrs. Gertrude Dixon Sherman 

Ms. Judy Sherman 

The Shoreland Foundation 

Ann Pruitt Shough 

Mr. Charles F. Shreve 

V. Heather Sibbison, Dentons US LLP 

Mr. and Mrs. Michael Silver 

Mr. Neil P. Simpkins and 

Ms. Miyoung Elizabeth Lee 

Skanby + Gould Foundation 

Skidmore, Owings & Merrill 

Dr. Judith Skog and 

Dr. Laurence E. Skog 

Skylark Foundation 

Ted Slavin Family Foundation 

Mr. Jay Smith and Ms. Laura Rapp 

The Society Incorporated 

“Supporting The Arts” 

Mr. Jim Sokol and Ms. Lydia Cheney 

Sotheby’s 

Pierre and Melody SpannCooper 

Mr. and Mrs. Eric Spivey 

Mr. Ramon Stackhouse-McMillian 

Mr. Mark C. Stafford, Jr. 

Stairway Fund 

Janet Stanley 

R. Julian and Margaret A. Stanley 

Charitable Trust 

Mr. and Mrs. David Steinglass 

Mr. Matthew Steinmetz 

Dr. and Mrs. Alexander Stemer 

Margaret and Terry Stent 

Joan and Marx Sterne 

Chairman Ernest L. Stevens, Jr., 

National Indian Gaming Association 

Ms. Meredith G. Stevens 

Mr. Christopher Stewart 

Mr. and Ms. James S. Stewart 

Ms. Gina Stikes 

Ms. Yvette Stokes 

Mrs. William C. Storey 

Studio O+A 

Mr. and Mrs. Allan Stypeck 

Greg and Susan Sutliff 

Maleyne M. Syracuse and 

Michael Trenner 

Lauren Talarico-Cohen and 

Marc Cohen 

Eileen and Michael Tanner 

Tanya Bonakdar Gallery 

Ms. Karen Targove and 

Ms. Angela Olszewski 

James and Beatrice Taylor 

Mr. David Templon 

Mary Ann and Anthony Terranova 

Mr. Henry L. Thaggert III 

Donna J. Thal 

Eugene V. and Clare E. Thaw 

Charitable Trust 

Ms. Robin Thede 

John Thomann and Stanton Schnepp 

Ms. Augusta Y. Thomas 

Daniel and Armentia Thomas 

Frances Thomas 

William E. Thomas, Jr. 

Damon and Sherry Thompson 

Levi, Maria, Marissa and 

Sabrina Thompson 

Mr. and Mrs. Samme L. Thompson 

Linda and Steuart Thomsen 

Mr. B. Holt Thrasher 

Ms. Vera A. Threatt 

Thycotic 

Ambassador Warren W. Tichenor 

and Mrs. Rhonda Tichenor 

Mr. William B. Tiger 

Barbara and Donald Tober 

Mr. William Townsell 

Mossi and Carmen Tull 

Ms. Tishmall Turner 

(Rincon Band of Luiseno Indians) 

Mr. and Mrs. Jesse J. Tyson 

Dr. Michelle Tyson

Ms. Judith Udell 

The United States Pharmacopeial 

Convention, Inc. 

Universal Music Group, Inc. 

University of Pennsylvania 

U.S. Chemicals, LLC 

Ms. Angela Usrey 

Susan A. Vallon and Andrew Beyer 

Vanderbilt University School of 

Medicine 

Raymond R. Van de Riet, Jr. 

Mr. Jan van der Lande 

(Kikkerland Design, Inc.) 

Wouter K. Vanderwal 

Mark A. Vann, C.P.A. 

Mr. Josef Vascovitz and 

Ms. Lisa Goodman 

Socorro and Ernesto Vasquez 

Tom and Kim Vice 

The Kerry and Simone Vickar 

Family Foundation 

Ms. Susanne Vielmetter 

Dr. Allen P. Vital 

Wabash College 

Ms. Leslie Waller 

The Walt Disney Company 

Foundation 

Mr. David Wang and Ms. Mei Xu 

Mr. and Mrs. Denzel H. Washington 

Ruth L. Webb 

Dana T. Weekes 

Wendell P. Weeks and 

Kim Frock Weeks 

The Honorable and Mrs. Frank Weil 

(Hickrill Foundation) 

Ms. Colleen Ross Weis and 

Mr. Martin Laiks 

Mr. and Mrs. Jeffrey P. Weiss 

Ms. Rhonda Welburn 

Louis A. Wheaton and 

Tomoko Ikeda Wheaton 

Monetta White and David Lawrence 

Mr. Alan B. Whitman 

Hon. Patricia Anne Williams 

Greg Willisson and Ken Gowen 

Christen and Derek Wilson 

Susan R. Wirths 

Ms. Sue Ellen Wolf 

Mr. and Mrs. S. Roy Woodall, Jr. 

Ms. Robin Wright and Mr. Ian Reeves 

Mr. Ted Xu 

Frederic Yonnet and 

Carla Sims-Yonnet 

Mr. Ronald Yoshino 

Young Presidents’ Organization Gold 

Los Angeles Chapter 

Kenneth M. Zemrowski and 

Susan MacKeen 

Mr. Charles Ziegler 

Margot and Paul Zimmerman 

Mr. and Mrs. Jeffrey A. Zucker 

$2,500 OR MORE 

Anonymous 

AAPA 

Mr. M. Eugene Aaron 

Lucian Abernathy 

Drs. Michael and Judy Ackerman 

Beryl Adcock 

Mr. Paul T. Addison 

Ms. Dianne Adelberg 

Ms. Kimberly Bell Ajy 

Mr. Terry L. Albertson and 

Ms. Kathleen A. Blackburn 

Ms. Paulette Alexander 

Mr. and Mrs. Steven Allen 

Susan Marie Allen 

Mrs. Margaret Chandler Alleyne 

Ms. Clara Allison 

America’s Health Insurance Plans 

Amgen Inc. 

Ms. Beverly J. Anderson 

Danté and Candace Taylor Anderson 

Norman B. Anderson, Ph.D. and 

P. Elizabeth Anderson 

Ms. Kathy Aram and Mr. Robert Fabia 

Arq. Gustavo Arango 

(Arango Arquitectos, S.A.) 

Argos Panama Com 

Doctors Bryan and Timothy Arling 

Arnold & Porter 

Gus Arrendale III 

ARServices 

Tom and Kara Arundel 

Ms. Mary Kathleen Asay 

Jeanne Azen 

Ms. Margaret Baack and 

Mr. Michael S. McAdams 

Ms. Zandra Bailes 

Ura Jean Bailey, Ph.D. and 

Clyde E. Bailey, Sr., Esq. 

Mr. and Mrs. Kevin H. Baines 

Dr. Jennifer Ballard 

Baltimore Gas & Electric 

Kathleen Barksdale 

The Honorable Shirley Elizabeth Barnes 

Mr. James A. Barnett 

Mr. Thomas Barry 

Robert and Cathleen Bartlett 

Leroy T. Baseman 

Baton Rouge Zoo 

Mr. and Mrs. Charles N. Bay 

Ms. Cynthia Bayles 

Elizabeth Clagett Beck 

Mr. and Mrs. T.E. Beck, Jr. 

Ms. Judith Beckles 

Mr. and Mrs. David Beddow 

Dr. and Mrs. Alan Bellack 

Werten F.W. Bellamy, Sr. and 

Phyllis Wyatt Bellamy 

Dr. Sharon A. Bennett 

Bonnie and Rodney Benson 

Mr. Philip D. Berlin and Ms. Olivia Adler 

DONORS TO THE SMITHSONIAN Recognizing our benefactors
50 51

Linn’s Stamp News 

Laura Liswood 

Brian and Tammi Lloyd 

Hunter and Elizabeth Loftin 

James L. Long 

Shirley Loo 

Mr. Joseph Loundy 

Karen and Jack Lowe 

Mrs. Sylvia E. Lu 

Dr. Daniel Lucey 

Luis De Jesus Los Angeles 

Kyle and Susan Lukins 

Ms. Tara Luna 

Susan E. Lynch 

Mr. Thomas G. MacCracken 

Roderick and Barbara MacNeal 

Dr. Lydia G. Mallett 

Mr. Mahadeva Mani 

Nancy Mannes 

Cheryl Manning and Vivienne Swinson 

Mr. and Mrs. Dennis G. Manning 

Lydia Micheaux Marshall 

Mr. Thurgood Marshall, Jr. 

Ms. Joyce L. Martin 

Michelle M. Martin 

Mr. Craig E. Martinez 

Mayer Brown 

Linda L. Mayer 

Michael and Hannah Mazer 

Peter O. Mazur 

Patrick and Patti McAdaragh 

Mr. and Mrs. Michael McCarthy 

Nancy Ellen McCarthy 

Maia S. McCuiston 

John P. McDonald 

Mr. and Mrs. Al McLeod 

Mr. James F. Melchert 

John Melnicki 

Mr. and Mrs. Alan W. Melvin 

Lynn and Philip Mento 

Mr. and Mrs. Irving Meyer 

Mr. Quentin Meyer 

Ms. Carolyn L. Miller 

Drs. Orlando J. and Dorothy A. Miller 

Paul and Patty Miller 

William and Elaine Miller 

Mr. and Mrs. W. Todd Miller 

John and Susan Mina 

Mr. Thomas Miree 

Mr. and Mrs. John Mitchell 

Dr. Aisha K. Mix 

Betty M. Montgomery 

Ms. Susan Byrne Montgomery 

Ms. Vickey Montgomery 

Mrs. Amanda L. Moore 

Jocelyn M. Moore and the 

Gardner Family 

Colonel and Mrs. John E. Moore, Jr. 

Verba A. Moore, M.D. 

Vivian Moore 

Dr. Geoffrey D. Moorer 

Ms. Jessie Morgan 

Z. Elizabeth Morgan 

Ms. Suzanne Mulkey 

Ms. Alice Navasargian 

Jim Neal 

Rodney, Cheryl and Chloe Neal 

Dr. and Mrs. Larry Dean Nelson 

Ruth P. Nelson and Barbara MacNeal 

Nestle USA, Inc. 

Mr. and Mrs. Gordon Newbill 

Ms. Amy Newman and 

Mr. Max Rees Shulman 

Amy Klette Newman Foundation 

Ms. Dane A. Nichols 

Mr. Carl A. Niendorff IV 

Ms. Ellen Niven 

Dr. Vuyisile T. Nkomo 

Randy A. Noranbrock and 

Anna Rappaport 

Bill Nye 

Mr. and Mrs. Douglas H. Ogden 

(The North Ridge Foundation) 

Daniel and Rebecca Okrent 

Nina E. Olson 

Omni Shoreham Hotel 

Ms. Cerissa M. O’Neal, Esq. 

Benjamin and Kelly Opipari 

William and Anne Overbey 

Mr. and Mrs. Arthur H. Page IV 

(Page Conservation, Inc.) 

Susan and Dennis Papadopoulos 

Ms. Connie Parker 

Mr. James T. Parson, Jr. 

Ms. Amber N. Patton 

Mr. Chris Paul 

Paul Peck 

Roy and Michele Peck 

Edith A. Peña 

Michele and Jack Penkoske 

Mr. Brent A. Penny 

Alan L. Perkins and Barbara L. Bonessa 

Mrs. Julia G. Perlman 

Susan B. Perry 

Ms. Nicole Petrosky 

Pfizer Inc. 

Phillips 66 

Ms. Elenn J.S. Phipps 

Ms. Melody Pierce 

Dr. Thomas Pinder 

Brandi and Tobias Pitts 

Dr. Marie O. Pitts-Mosley 

Tony Podesta 

Sydney M. Polakoff and 

Carolyn Goldman 

Mrs. Edrice Shines Polk 

Polsinelli 

Carol Waller Pope and 

Fred J. Grigsby, Jr. 

Mrs. Anna Lisa Porras 

Potomac Valley Alumnae Chapter, 

Delta Sigma Theta Sorority, Inc. 

Dr. Carol C. Halaria Pounder-Kone 

Marjorie Lynne Powell 

Mrs. Peter G. Powers 

Warrie and James D. Price 

(Fieldland Investment Company) 

Lilly Pulitzer 

David and Cheryl Purvis 

Glen E. and Susan F. Rainsley 

Anthony and Karen Rand 

Jonathan W. Rash 

Dr. Bruce Rashbaum 

Mr. and Mrs. Tim Rattray 

RBC Wealth Management 

Ms. Sanae Iida Reeves 

Mr. and Mrs. Bruce Reynolds 

Mr. and Mrs. John Rhone 

Ms. Veta Teresa Richardson 

Ms. Carrie Ridder 

Ms. Debra L. Ridgeway 

Riverbanks Zoo & Garden 

Dr. Jan Neal Roberts 

Mr. and Mrs. Malcolm A. Roberts 

Mr. Richard Roberts 

Ms. Detra K. Robinson 

Mr. and Mrs. Michael D. Robinson 

Sharon P. Robinson, Ed.D. 

Juan G. and Hilda Rodriguez 

Mr. Sigmund Rolat 

Ms. Denise Rollins 

Ms. Rachel Rosemann 

(Rosemann Family Foundation) 

The Honorable Ronald A. Rosenfeld 

Arthur Ross Foundation 

Ms. Nicole Ross 

Rosemary Rosso 

Matthew and Susan Roswell 

The Honorable Stanley O. Roth 

Mr. James Rowe 

Mrs. Cynthia W. Roye 

Ms. Marie Asselia Rundquist and 

Mr. Edward V. Nowicki 

Ms. Gloria T. Runyon 

Ms. Nancy W. Ruskin 

Mr. and Mrs. Wade E. Saadi 

Mr. Paul Sack 

Regina Clark Salathe 

Ms. Debbie Salkind 

Mr. Stephen A. Saltzburg and 

Mrs. Susan Lee 

G.G. Sampson 

DONORS TO THE SMITHSONIAN Recognizing our benefactors

Dr. Kathleen Jacobs and 

Mr. Arthur Jacobs, Sr. 

Theodore “Ted” H. Jacobsen 

Ms. Doris Jallice 

Jamestown S’Klallam Tribe 

J & AR Foundation 

Mr. and Mrs. Joshua M. Javits 

Mr. Ulysese Jefferson 

Matthew and Roberta Jenkins 

Don and Miranda Jernigan 

A Yęmisi Jimoh 

Mr. and Mrs. Bennie F. Johnson, Jr. 

Reverend Earl Johnson and 

Dr. Douglas Ward 

Leslie and Paul Johnson 

William H. Johnson, Sr. 

Willie Johnson, Jr. 

Yewande Johnson, M.D. 

Ms. Judith Johnston 

(The Roy G. and Naomi H. Johnston 

Family Foundation) 

Mr. and Mrs. Charles Jones 

Mr. and Mrs. Hal Jones 

Dr. Walter F. Jones and 

Ms. Cheryl L. Rash Jones 

Wolf Kahn and Emily Mason Foundation 

Dr. Arnold and Ms. Marcia Kaplin 

Russell and Randy Katz 

Terry Keeler 

Kelley Drye & Warren LLP 

Rosa Lee Kelley and 

Marlene Marie Turner 

Linda J. Kelly 

Judge Gladys Kessler 

Mr. and Mrs. James A. Kiernan III 

Diana A. King 

Larry and Judy King 

Mr. Brandon Kinports 

Mr. and Mrs. Windle Kline 

Thomas and Mary Bridget Kluwin 

Mr. Gary Knell and Ms. Kim Larson 

Knight Point Systems 

Mr. Jay L. Knott 

Ms. Bonnie Kogod 

Mr. Michael Kolakowski 

Mr. and Mrs. Bill Koman 

Ethel Fisher Kott 

Mr. Paul Kovach and 

Ms. Katie Kitchen 

Marilyn Elliott Kozak 

George and Barbara Kramer 

Dr. Christine Mullen Kreamer and 

Mr. Ross G. Kreamer 

Ms. Rae M. Krelitz 

Mr. and Mrs. Jeffrey Kusama-Hinte 

Mr. and Mrs. Vello Kuuskraa 

(Advanced Resources International) 

Ms. Ksenia Kyzyurova 

Mr. and Dr. Kelly and Ann Lally 

Drs. Jurate and Carl Landwehr 

Barbara Lang 

Vivienne M. Lassman 

Ms. Rosetta N. Lattimore 

Mr. Albert G. Lauber, Jr. and 

Mr. Craig W. Hoffman 

Ms. Gloria T. Lauriano 

The Leighton Family from Alan & 

Katherine Stroock Fund 

Edward Lenkin and Roselin Atzwanger 

Leonardo DRS 

Suzanne and Fred Lepple 

William A. Lester, Jr., Ph.D. 

D’Ann and John Lettieri 

Mr. Richard H. Levi and Ms. Susan Perry 

(The Hecht-Levi Foundation, Inc.) 

Mr. Herbert Levin and 

Ms. Martha Levin 

Dr. Earl Lewis 

John and Kecia Lewis 

Ms. Valerie D. Lewis 

Mr. and Mrs. William H. Lewis 

Ms. Frances Li and Mr. Carl Schaefer 

Dr. and Mrs. Kenneth Lieberthal 

Emily and Joel Limerick 

Mr. and Mrs. Eugene W. Linfors 

The Links, Inc. 

Mrs. Robert Gordon 

Mr. J. Keith Gorham 

Cissel Gott and Brian Collins 

Mrs. Ilene Gotts 

Drs. David Granite and 

M.L. Oster-Granite 

Mr. R. Vann Graves 

Mr. John L. Gray 

Dr. Arthur and Cassandra Greene 

Mr. Tony Greene 

Alma and Edward Greer 

Jane and Jim Griffin 

Benjy and Ellen Grinberg 

Mr. and Mrs. Robert D. Haas 

Mr. Kevin Hable 

Dr. Ghazaleh Hafizi 

Michele V. Hagans 

Sonny and Kathy Hagendorf 

Ms. Andrea Hailey 

The Honorable and 

Mrs. Robert F. Hale 

Gloria Shaw Hamilton 

Mrs. Maureen Hamilton 

Mr. and Mrs. Thomas W. Hamilton 

Mrs. Nikole Hannah-Jones 

Sandra Wills Hannon 

Ms. Suzan Harada 

The Milton and Patricia Hardy Family 

Mrs. Patricia A. Hardy 

Mr. and Mrs. William A. Harper 

Ms. Maggie M. Harris 

Donna M. Harris-Aikens, Esq. 

Haworth, Inc. 

Mr. James P. Hayes 

Mr. Kelvin T. Haynie 

Johni Hays 

Ms. Vaughan Heard 

Mr. Christopher Heck 

Mr. James S. Heckman 

Mr. and Mrs. Pedro Heilbron 

Mr. and Mrs. Michael Helfer 

Mr. Brian Hendelson 

(Classic Coin Company) 

Ms. Florence G. Henderson 

Ms. Sharon Henry 

Catherine and Richard W. Herbst 

Jack and Arlene Hermansen 

Dr. Tomás Herrera 

Martha Hertelendy 

Paul Hertelendy 

Lilo Alfreida Hester 

Darrius Heyward-Bey 

Ms. Allison Hicks 

Dr. Evelyn Brooks Higginbotham 

Dr. Avionne Hill 

Dr. Linda A. Hill 

Ms. Victoria Hill 

Mr. Steven Hilton 

Ms. Mary Hines 

John and Debbie Hinshaw 

Mrs. Kiyo Hitch 

Ms. Leomia Kathryn Holt 

Ms. Rosa Honarpisheh 

Mr. John Coleridge Honor, Jr. 

The Honorable Rodney E. Hood 

Horizon Industries, Ltd. 

Ambassador James C. Hormel 

Nettie A. Horne and Suzanne Haynes 

Mr. Matthew Horsfield 

Ms. Ann Host 

Katherine and Joseph Householder 

Mr. and Mrs. Albert R. Howard 

Ms. Caroline Howard 

Mr. Timothy Howard and 

Mrs. Debra M. Howard 

Mr. William Hudson and 

Mrs. Nora Gibson 

Mr. and Mrs. Theodore L. Hullar 

Mrs. Adleane Hunter 

Ms. Carolyn Hyatt 

Ms. Irene Hirano Inouye 

Sharonda and Scottie Irving 

Ms. Judith A. Jackson and 

Mr. James L. Felty 

The Honorable Lisa P. Jackson 

Mr. and Mrs. Virgil B. Jackson 

DONORS TO THE SMITHSONIAN Recognizing our benefactors
52 53

SMITHSONIAN 

CORPORATE MEMBERS 

Corporate memberships forge 

dynamic ties with businesses 

nationwide and provide unrestricted 

support to Smithsonian education, 

research and exhibition initiatives. 

3M 

Allergan, Inc. 

Altria Group 

American Civil Liberties Union 

Bloomberg 

Booz Allen Hamilton 

BP America 

Clark Construction Group 

The Coca-Cola Company 

ExxonMobil 

Ford Motor Company 

Hilton 

Honeywell 

Johnson & Johnson 

JPMorgan Chase & Co. 

Karn Charuhas Chapman & Twohey 

KPMG LLP 

Maharam 

Mars, Incorporated 

Newsweek Media Group 

Nissan North America, Inc. 

PEPCO, An Exelon Company 

Pfizer Inc. 

Polygon Global Partners LP 

Pratt Institute 

Room & Board, Inc. 

Saudi Aramco 

SC Johnson 

School of Visual Arts 

Simpson Thacher & Bartlett LLP 

Southern Company 

Sponsors for Educational Opportunity 

Swiss Re 

Texas Instruments 

UBS 

Visa 

The Walt Disney Company 

Weber Shandwick 

The Wild Center 

Wolf-Gordon 

BEQUEST 

EXPECTANCIES 

We gratefully acknowledge our 

donors who made bequest 

arrangements this year. 

Anonymous 

Linda Anthon 

Elizabeth Clagett Beck 

Dava Berkman 

Mark C. Bowers 

Margaret Carson-Gable and 

Eric H. Gable 

Stacey E. Crouch 

LaVerne Council Franklin 

Barry D. Friedman 

The Anthony and Linda Galasso 

Family Foundation 

Dr. Mary Gendernalik-Cooper 

Ronnyjane Goldsmith 

KD “Jonesy” Hamilton-Jones 

Hausknost Family Trust 

Bob Hickey 

Robert Anthony Hirsch 

Glenn Hopkins 

Carol D. Jobusch 

Dr. G. David Johnson and 

Ms. Ai Nonaka 

Shirley Z. Johnson 

Wells B. Jones and Donna L. Ceravolo 

Ms. Anne B. Keiser and 

Dr. Douglas M. Lapp 

Marilyn C. Link 

Jan W. Lipkin 

Judith A. Mansfield 

Mattie McFadden Lawson & 

Michael Lawson and Family 

Melinda McMullen and Duncan Kime 

Robert K. and Sandra S. Momyer 

Gary L. Mueller M.D. and 

Carolyn R. Mueller Ph.D., R.N. 

Marilyn J. Musser 

Tim and Debra Osburne 

James D. Parker 

Ms. Gail DeBuse Potter 

Justin and Lauren Richeson 

Mary Ann Roberts 

Ambassador Robin Renee Sanders 

Dee and Skip Seward 

Dr. Christina H.Y. Shih 

Glenn Alan Smith 

Mary Catherine Smolenski 

James H. Thomas II 

Stephen Ungar and Susan Ungar 

Richard P. Weber 

Angela Caveness Weisskopf 

Sandy and Jon Willen 

BEQUESTS 

We remember with appreciation the 

following generous donors whose 

gifts through bequests from their 

estates were received this year. 

Anonymous 

Nellie Noble Baker 

KerryLynn Blau 

George P. Bogumill 

James Bond 

Elinor Anne Budelier 

Peter J. Cerasaro, Jr. 

Harry R. Charles, Jr. 

Elizabeth Dunn Clark 

Harriette Clark-Chambliss 

Nicholas J. Dissler 

Emma Paula Flitsch 

Rose Frieze 

Ralph Greenhouse 

Herbert H. Hamilton 

Robert and Bettye Hammond 

Rita Neergaard Hansen 

Frances Clarine Hard 

Drue Heinz Trust 

Harold E. and Evelyn M. Hentze 

Leonard P. Hirsch 

Irene Hollister 

Chang-Su Cho Houchins 

Ronald C. Householder 

Kathleen A. Jones 

Norma Krendell 

Constance and Harvey Krueger 

Jeanne Ellen Cadman LeClercq 

Henry Willard Lende, Jr. 

Robert Thomas Leonard 

Leslie Leonelli 

George Oliver Meador 

Elizabeth A. Moser 

Nancy Jean Moser 

Martin H. Panning 

Dorothee Passyk 

Roy R. Phillips 

Edmund B. Piasecki 

Carol Cosden Price 

Jack and Marjorie Rachlin 

Larry Reiter 

Beryl Carter Rice 

James Edward Rickard 

David Rockefeller 

Joyce Stern Rozier 

Albert J. Scheibly, Jr. 

Marguerite V. Schneeberger 

Charles Schwartz and 

Martha Browne 

John Owen James Shellenberger III 

Mary Hudson Siciliano 

Haruko Tanzawa 

Leonard and Joyce Bottomley Tufts 

Caroline Van Mason 

Alban F. and Linda P. Varnado 

Francis W. and Carol J. Worrell 

MEMORIAL AND 

COMMEMORATIVE 

GIFTS 

The following were honored by 

their families, friends and other 

donors to the Smithsonian. 

David G. Baldacci 

Cynthia M. Blumenthal 

Elizabeth Broun 

Donald A. Capoccia 

David Challinor 

Sarah D. Cofrin 

Laura Evans Combs 

John R. Dailey 

Djamchid Darvich-Kodjouri 

Dorothea and Drew Days 

Vinod Deshmukh 

Ann and Julius Dickerson 

William Louis-Dreyfus 

George William Elliott 

Barbara G. Fleischman 

Martha J. Fleischman 

Marilyn F. Friedman 

Mary Louise P. Friendly 

Frank H. Goodyear 

Kate Haw 

Aline Henderson 

David D. Ho 

Shirley Ann Jackson 

Bill T. Jones 

Kathleen Jones and Bonsall Wheeler 

Robert Kogod 

Jeff Koons 

Randi Charno Levine and 

Jeffrey Levine 

Roy Lichtenstein Foundation 

Peter and Paula Lunder 

Johanna Mendelson-Forman 

Danny Meyer 

Lester S. and Enid W. Morse 

Nancy Jean Moser 

Gumersindo Oliveros 

Chips Chapman Page and 

Sarah Cole Page 

Julian Raby 

Bonnie Rountree 

Geneva Sanders 

Bob and Judy Schantz 

Father John Scott 

Zachary and Blanche Serwer 

Ben and A. Jess Shenson 

Ann M. Shumard 

David M. Silfen 

Earl W. and Amanda Stafford 

Stephanie Stebich 

Susan K. Talley 

Kristin E. Thomas and 

Joshua Yamamoto 

DONORS TO THE SMITHSONIAN Recognizing our benefactors

Kirk Samuelson 

Mr. Lawrence Samuelson 

Mr. and Mrs. Charles F. Sands 

Krishna Sannidhanam and 

Suneetha Budampati 

Mr. Jack Saroyan 

Patricia J. Sawvel 

Paul and Helen Schmitz 

Mr. and Mrs. Franklin D. Seals 

Second Baptist Church 

Segal Consulting 

Mr. and Mrs. Enrique Segura 

Mr. Edward Sellmeyer 

Ms. Dolores A. Sena 

Mrs. Marshall M. Seymour 

Mr. Jack Shainman 

(Jack Shainman Gallery) 

Shapeways, Inc. 

Mr. and Mrs. Michael Shapiro 

Shaw Contract 

Dr. and Mrs. Robert L. Sherman 

Hal and Sandy Shevers 

Ms. Clara J. Shin 

Shipt 

Mary and Don Shockey 

Mr. James N. Short, Jr. 

Sidley Austin Foundation 

Mr. and Mrs. Lee S. Siegelson 

The Sikand Foundation 

Julie Silver 

Jennifer N. Simmons 

Mr. Ronny Simon 

Mrs. Sarah Singletary 

Mr. and Mrs. Frederick Sitzler 

David Skorton and Robin Davisson 

Mr. Brian Smith 

Ms. Carmen Jean Smith 

Ms. Nona E. Smith 

Pete Smith and Marcia Marsh 

Mr. and Mrs. T. Eugene Smith 

Mr. and Mrs. W. Dean Smith 

Mr. William Smith 

Mr. and Mrs. William K. Smith 

Smithsonian UK Charitable Trust 

Mr. and Mrs. Leon Snead 

Ms. Sandra Snook 

Ms. Denise Littlefield Sobel 

Ms. Andrea Solow 

Ms. Shirley M. Sontheimer 

Mr. and Mrs. Morton I. Sosland 

Sporty’s Foundation 

Ms. Wardean D. Squire-Askew 

Mr. and Mrs. Ross Staffhorst 

Lynn Staley and Marty Linsky 

Mr. Jason Stamm 

Foster and Coco Stanback 

Ms. Deirdre Stanley 

Mr. Thomas Stanley 

Mr. Robert A.M. Stern 

Stewart Family Foundation 

Dr. Merril Stock and Dr. Jeremy Stock 

Mr. and Mrs. Michael Stoecker 

Dr. Manfred Stommel 

Amanda Stott 

Major Willard H. Strandberg, Jr. and 

Mrs. Ann Strandberg 

Sullivan, Breyette, Speros, Blayney, LLC 

Docks Sutherland 

Mr. Craig B. Swick and 

Ms. Ruth R. Pacheco 

Roselyne Chroman Swig 

Taconic Builders Inc. 

Mr. and Mrs. Oscar L. Tang 

(The Tang Fund) 

TASIS: The American School in 

Switzerland 

Drs. Beverly Daniel and Travis Tatum 

Mr. and Mrs. Glenn Taylor 

Patricia Rose Taylor 

Mrs. Phillipa P. Taylor 

Frederick and Barbara Clark Telling 

Texas de Brazil 

TF Educational Foundation 

Thales 

George D. and Mary Augusta Thomas 

TIAA 

Charles E. and Lois J. Toomer 

Ms. Mirium J. Todd 

Mr. Stephen Townsend 

Courtney Trombly and Geoff Kratville 

Tufenkian Family Foundation 

Ms. Crystal Y. Turner 

Twitter 

Mrs. Frances Stevenson Tyler 

U.S. Space and Rocket Center 

Utah Film Center 

Values Partnerships 

Anola Vance 

Mr. Neil C. Van Rossum and 

Ms. Stephanie A. Becker 

Mr. Donald B. Verrilli, Jr. and 

Ms. Gail W. Laster 

Mrs. Lorraine Vickery 

Dr. Philip Volk 

Drs. Betsy and Alkinoos Vourlekis 

Ruth and Jerry Vurek 

Ambassador Kirk Wagar and 

Mrs. Crystal Wagar 

Dr. Annette Wagner 

Mr. Duane A. Wakeham 

Mrs. Carol Waldron 

LCDR Desmond and 

Mrs. Delicia Walker 

Ms. Sue Wallace 

Mr. and Mrs. William Lindsay Wallace 

Mr. and Mrs. Stanford Warshawsky 

Mr. Donald L. Washington, Sr. 

Ms. Tamara Y. Washington 

Washington Teachers’ Union 

Roslyn Watson 

WaveStrike 

Mr. Kwame C. Webb 

David Webber and Joelle Faucher 

Mr. Yee Wee 

John Weeks 

Ms. Candace King Weir 

(David and Candace King Weir 

Foundation) 

Ms. Anne Weismann and 

Mr. Benjamin D. Gorton 

Ms. Gretchen Welch 

Laura M. Welsh 

Mrs. Franc Wertheimer 

The Honorable Togo D. West, Jr. and 

Mrs. Gail B. West 

Annie, Stephen and Christina Whatley 

Cassandra Q. White, M.D. 

Dr. Sharese White 

The Whiting-Turner Company 

Mr. and Mrs. Richard T. Whitney 

Ms. Pamela Whittaker 

Ms. Carol A. Wilen 

Wiley Rein LLP 

Robert Willasch 

Ms. Cynthia A. Williams 

Jeanne and Mike Williams 

Dr. Lillian Serece Williams 

Lloyd A. and Valorie Williams 

Mr. Roger R. Williams 

Edwardlene Fleeks Willis, Ph.D. 

JoAnn V. Willis and Chip Kahn 

Mrs. Judith Willis 

Diane and Kevin Wilshere 

Mr. George P. Wilson 

Lt. Col. Robert A. Wilson (Ret.) 

Claude L. Winfield 

Douglas A. Winter 

The Wireless Foundation 

Lorna Wisham 

Mr. Howard H. Witsma 

John and Martha Wolf 

Ms. Yvonne Wolf 

Thomas Wood and Märianne Eby 

Mr. and Mrs. Kenneth R. Woodcock 

Diana G. Wortham 

Mr. and Mrs. Bing Wright 

(B & M Wright Foundation) 

Ms. Brenda L. Wright 

Ms. Patricia Wright 

Mr. Wayne Wright 

Deby and Robert Wulff 

Mr. Noel Don Wycliff 

Mr. and Mrs. David Y. Yao 

Mrs. Drusilla Yorke 

William F. Young, Jr, M.D. 

YourCause, LLC 

Mrs. Jadwiga Zabawska-Markoff 

(A Mark Foundation) 

Ms. Katie M. Ziglar and 

Mr. Dickinson Jenkins Miller 

Zoetis 

The Donald and Barbara Zucker 

Family Foundation 

ZwillGen 

GIFT-IN-KIND DONORS 

A+E Networks 

Alaska Airlines 

Autodesk 

Bain & Company 

Biz Markie, Inc. 

Boston Children’s Hospital Foundation 

Christie’s 

Clark Concepts 

Digital Transitions 

Discovery, Inc. 

Dagmar Dolby 

Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians 

Facebook, Inc. 

FedEx Corporation 

Hasselblad Bron Inc. 

IBM Corporation 

Lockheed Martin Corporation 

Jacqueline B. Mars 

Mars, Incorporated 

Medtronic Foundation 

Sarah E. Nash and 

Michael S. Sylvester 

New Tradition Media 

Nordic Ware 

NVIDIA 

Perkins Coie 

Primeau Productions 

Public Health Foundation 

Mr. and Mrs. William M. Ragland, Jr. 

Mr. and Mrs. Blair E. Richardson 

Marcos Ronquillo 

SoftBank Robotics America, Inc. 

Southwest Airlines 

Mr. Kent Thiry and Ms. Denise O’Leary 

(Thiry-O’Leary Foundation) 

Mr. and Mrs. Carl D. Thoma 

United Airlines 

Unity Technologies 

Ms. Jacqueline Vossler 

Washington Nationals Baseball Club, LLC 

Wegmans Food Markets, Inc. 

We gratefully recognize donors’ 

gifts, pledges and pledge payments 

received by the Smithsonian in fiscal year 

2018, which began Oct. 1, 2017, and 

ended Sept. 30, 2018. Gifts paid in full are 

recognized at their total amount in the 

fiscal year they are recorded. Gifts made 

as pledges are recognized at the total 

amount pledged in the fiscal year they 

are recorded and at the pledge payment 

amount recorded in subsequent fiscal 

years, until the pledge is completed. If 

more than one gift, pledge and/or pledge 

payment by a donor is recorded in a 

fiscal year, these are added together and 

the donor is recognized in the 

appropriate category. The Office of 

Advancement makes every effort to 

recognize donors accurately. 

DONORS TO THE SMITHSONIAN Recognizing our benefactors
54 55

Ms. D.L. Hasse

Roger D. and Martha E.V. Hathaway

Jean Mary Hauck

Ellen M. Haude

Hausknost Family Trust

Ms. Jennifer E. Hawley

Dr. Carla H. Hay

Christine Berglund Hayes

Mr. Geoffrey F. Hayes

Johni Hays

Evelyn Heinzinger

Mrs. Joan E. Hekimian

Ms. Judith A. Henderson

Mr. Richard D. Henderson

Michael and Char Hersh

Martha Hertelendy

Paul Hertelendy

Mr. and Mrs. John E. Herzog

Bob Hickey

Mr. Daniel Higman

Mr. Jeff Hill

Robert Anthony Hirsch

Mr. Charles W. Hirst

Edward J. and Ruth Hodge

Mr. and Mrs. Stuart Hodgekinson-Price

Miss K.T. Hoffacker

Sallie Holder

Ms. F. Lynn Holec

Debra Hollander

Ms. Edna M. Hoover

Glenn Hopkins

Mary W. Hopkins

William L. Hopkins

Mr. Herbert J. Hoppe, Jr.

Virginia Stewart Houk

Ms. Brenda Howard

Ms. Wanda Howard

John A. Hoyda

Ms. Suzanne Huber

Mrs. Barbara R. Hubert

Mr. and Mrs. David H. Hugel

Mrs. Jean Humburg

Dr. and Mrs. James C. Hunt

Mr. Chris Hushak

Mr. and Mrs. Milton M. Hyatt

Ms. Marie Ann Iandoli

Keith Jackson

Karel and Virginia Jacobs Living Trust

Ms. Jean Jamison

Ms. Nancy E. Jemiola

Mr. and Mrs. David H. Jenkins

Dennis R. Jenkins

Donald R. and Judy Jensen

David and Pat Jernigan

Dr. Karen Jespersen

Carol D. Jobusch

Mr. Clinton B. Johnson

Dr. G. David Johnson and 

Ms. Ai Nonaka

Ms. Janice M. Johnson

Mr. Tim Gaines

The Anthony and Linda Galasso 

Family Foundation

Mr. Tim Garner

David E. Garrett

Jeff and Mary Lynn Garrett

Ms. Lois Gartlir

Suzanne Gartz

Jane W. Gaston

Helen Gaul

Mr. and Mrs. Kenneth E. Gazzola

Dr. Martha Gelderman

Dr. Mary Gendernalik-Cooper

Mr. and Mrs. Charles D. Gibson

Mr. and Mrs. Douglas B. Gilbert

Mr. and Mrs. William Gjodesen

Mr. and Mrs. Richard D. Godfrey

Ms. Gaylynn Golden and 

Mr. James Basara

Mr. Michael Goldfarb and 

Ms. Jacqueline Kelly

Robert Goldman

Ms. Margaret K. Goldsmith

Ronnyjane Goldsmith

Ms. Mary Anne Goley

Dr. Margaret A. Goodman

Mrs. Renee Goodstein

Dr. Cheryl Gorelick

Kenneth C. and Mary M. Gossett

Anita F. Gottlieb

Gerald and Sheila Gould

Mr. Richard A. Govoni

Peter and Rhondda Grant

Richard Wayne and Barbara K. Grant

Ms. Margaret J. Grasston

Nancy Barclay Graves

Joanne T. Greenspun

Ms. Virginia Gregory

Mrs. Ruth Gresham

Alice L. Grindstaff

Marilyn Grossman

Mr. Donald J. Guiles

Mrs. Milton R. Gunther

Mr. Robert S. Guthrie

Nancy E. Gwinn and John Y. Cole

Valerie J. and D. Wilson Gyton

Mrs. Eileen Hamilton

Gloria Shaw Hamilton

KD “Jonesy” Hamilton-Jones

Robert and Bettye Hammond

The Tom and Char Hand Foundation

Richard W. Hardman

Mrs. Nancy M. Harlan

Mr. and Mrs. Thomas Harmon

Mr. and Mrs. William R. Harmon

Mr. Christie G. Harris

Ms. Margery F. Harris

Myra Maloney Hart

Miss Jeannine Hartley

Al Hartwick

Mr. John Edward Johnson

Shirley Z. Johnson

Ms. Constance R. Jones

Diane B. Jones

Ms. Heather Jones

Wells B. Jones and Donna L. Ceravolo

J. Lisa Jorgenson and 

David D. Doniger

Suryaram R. Joshi and Sushila S. Joshi

Mr. and Mrs. Stanton Jue

Mr. Anthony H. Kaczmarek

Mr. Nelson Kading

Linda Kamen

Carol Ann Kapheim

Ms. Judy Kaselow

Steven Kazan and 

Judy Heymann Kazan

Ms. Anne B. Keiser and 

Dr. Douglas M. Lapp

Miss Rajinder K. Keith

Nancy L. Kempf

Robert F. Kempf

Mr. John B. Kendrick

Ms. Kelly A. Kendrick-Bailey

Marjorie C. Kennedy

Mrs. Rae Keogh

Peter B. Kibbee

Mary Jane Kilhefner

Anita Y. Kinard-Medeiros

Diana A. King

Mr. James W. Kinnear

Drs. Susan and Perry Klein

Mrs. Elise H. Knight

Dr. C. Wilson Kniseley

Mary Ann Knyff

Dr. Seth A. Koch

John and Mary Lu Koenig

Richard Kolesar

Mrs. William K. Konze

Ms. Amy Kotkin

Mr. and Mrs. Myron Kownacki

Dr. Ellen Kreighbaum

Grace and Wayne Krumwiede

Lee G. Kuckro

Mr. and Mrs. Richard I. Kuehl

Richard and Allyn Kurin

Margo Kurtz

Ms. Lee L. Kush

Robert A. Kutzen

Mr. Travis S. Lamberton

Mrs. Robert H. Lando

Gilbert H. Lang, M.D.

Jane Lanham

Dr. Deirdre Ann LaPin

Cynthia Muss Lawrence

Mr. and Mrs. Willis Lawrence

William Leavens

M/SGT. Lionel L. Leblanc

Victoria A. Lech

Mr. and Mrs. Erich Lechpammer

Ms. Maryann D.B. Lee

Tonia Chenelle Lee

Harvey I. Leifert

Mr. Bruce Leighty

Ms. Ann E. Leininger

Emily and Curtis Leslie

Ms. Rosealie Lesser

Donald J. and Marcy Leverenz

Theodore W. and Barbara Ann Libbey

Jeanie C. Linders

Mr. Michael W. Lingo

Daniel M. Linguiti and Teri A. Smurl

Marilyn C. Link

Ms. Eleanor L. Linkous

Jan W. Lipkin

Mr. and Mrs. Peter E. Liss

Ms. Anne R. Litchfield

Ms. Nina Liu

William and Katherine Livengood

Martha G. Locke

Dr. and Mrs. Pichon P.Y. Loh

Mr. and Mrs. Thomas L. Long

Shirley Loo

Kurt M. Loos

Frances J. Lowe

Mrs. Karen F. Lowe

Ms. Diane Lowrance

Steven Lubar and Lisa Thoerle

Frank J. Lukowski

Glen and Sally Lunde

Mr. Bradley Lutz

Ms. Doris MacDaniel

Marion Maia da Cruz

Kim and Mark Mailloux

Commander and 

Mrs. Charles Maluzzi

Ms. Janean L. Mann

Nancy Mannes

Judith A. Mansfield

Christian L. and Edna M. March

Reverend Ann F. Martens

Teresa L. Martin

Mr. and Mrs. Frank Martucci

Margery and Edgar Masinter

David Mason

Linda Powers Massaro

Mr. Paul Maxim

Ms. Kathleen Maxwell

Ms. Annette May

Michael and Hannah Mazer

Mr. Ronald W. McCain

Robert and Cynthia McCallum

Mr. Guy L. McCandless

Ms. June W. McCarron

Mr. and Mrs. Brandon McCrary

Mr. and Mrs. Richard B. McCrary

SMITHSONIAN LEGACY SOCIETY Making a lasting impact

Leslie Ellen Beller

Bradford and Jennifer Benn

Bonnie and Rodney Benson

Ms. Joan Benson

Mr. and Mrs. Jason R. Beresford

Doris Bergen

Dava Berkman

Mr. Philip D. Berlin and 

Ms. Olivia Adler

Mr. Steven Bershader and 

Ms. Marguerite Godbold

Thomas T. Bishop and 

Clifford L. Gregory

Ms. Ann H. Bissell

Mrs. Carolyn Boday

Mr. and Mrs. Kenneth W. Boggs

George P. Bogumill

Mr. William H. and Clare Bohnett

Margaret W. and William J.D. Bond

Ms. Barbara L. Bonessa and 

Mr. Alan L. Perkins

Mark and Eileen Boone

Colonel Charles Botula III, USAF (Ret.) 

and Mrs. Susan K. Bo

Mark C. Bowers

Ms. Jean Brackman

Dr. and Mrs. Douglas D. Bradley

Ms. Annelise Brand

Mrs. Linda Ann Brass-Terry II

Mr. and Mrs. Richard Breitwieser

Ms. Brenda Bridges

Diane and Hal Brierley

Bonnie and Jere Broh-Kahn

Penelope J. Brook

Colonel Arthur L. Brooke (Ret)

Mrs. Agnes M. Brown

Karen and Randy Brown

Harris and Diane Bruch

Mr. and Mrs. James H. Bruns

Dr. Nancy D. Bryant

Rogene A. Buchholz

Mr. and Mrs. J. Kevin Buchi

Mr. Donald S. Budowsky

Robert F. Bulens

Mrs. Edward A. Burka

Mr. Scott C. Bushnell

Bradley and Heidi Butcher

Warren F. Buxton, Ph.D., CDP

John P. Cahill

Bruce and Karen Campbell

Mr. Scott D. Capes

Ms. Margaret Capuder, RN

Dawn V. Carr

Mrs. Ruth Ogden Carroll

Margaret Carson-Gable and 

Eric H. Gable

Ms. Beth Carter

Ms. Joyce L. Carter

Mr. Larry L. Carter

Mary M. Case and Edward T. Fishwick

Rod and Lynette Case

Michael W. Cassidy

Mr. and Mrs. James Catalano

Mr. James K. Cavanaugh

Kathleen A. and William J. Cavanaugh

Mr. Eric Chandler

Samuel Charache

Judith L. Cherwinka

Anne Page Chiapella

Ms. Mary Claire Christensen

Mr. Roland H. Cipolla II

Ms. Linda C. Clark

Ms. Tanya Marie Clark

Mr. Thomas L. Clark

Dorothy H.V. Clarke

Linda and Pete Claussen

Earl F. Clayton

Colleen Cleary

Jason Wayne Isamu Clock

Robert and Betsey Clopine

Ann and John Collins

Mr. Peter Comanor

Donald Combs and 

Lisa Grabowski-Combs

Douglas Comerdinger

James M. Compton, Col. USA (Ret.)

Drs. Joseph and Wanda Corn

Ronald M. Costell, M.D., and 

Marsha E. Swiss

Mr. and Mrs. Donald A. Cotton

Mr. and Mrs. Arthur Covello

Patrisha Creevy and Albert Del Negro

Mr. and Mrs. Lowell Creitz

Ms. Barbara Cronin

Mr. Curtis E. Croom

Stacey E. Crouch

Ms. Joanne Crovets

Phillip and Betty Crum

Linda B. Cullen

Mr. and Mrs. Frank Culley

Mr. Hal J. Cunningham

Mr. James Curry

Mr. and Mrs. Ken Curry

Miss Pauline R. Cushing

Dr. Gregg Cutler

Mrs. Margaret J. Cutler

Ms. Candi Cutrell

Mrs. Phyllis Daderio

Col. Robert J. Dalessandro

Mr. Carmen J. D’Angelo

Doris M. Darmopray

Mr. David Datwyler

Mrs. Lucile Daubner

James and Dorothy Davis

Ms. Kamer Davis

Louis G. Davis

Nora Hsu Davis and Barry C. Davis

Mr. and Mrs. Robert L. Davis

Mr. Walter Deans

Mrs. Alexandra de Borchgrave

Ms. Juliet DeLaricheliere

Dr. Bertrun Delli

Mr. Alan R. Dellinger

Ms. Sue A. Delorme

Ms. Elaine A. Dependahl

Mr. Charles E. Dern

Mr. and Mrs. Roland A. DeSilva

Jeff DeTroye and 

Dr. Mary Ann Gorman

Baroness Yvonne de Vilar

Ms. Ruth E. Dewton

Paul and Becky Dhyse

Kenneth G. and Sherry L. Dietz

Dennis O. Dixon

Mr. and Mrs. James C. Dixon

Alycia and Bruce Doctor

Mr. Mark S. Doherty

Deborah G. Douglas, Ph.D.

Alan and Elizabeth Duckett

Frances Ott Dunbar

Dr. Harold A. Dundee, Ph.D.

Mrs. Patricia Dunston

Mr. and Mrs. Joel Eacker

Eleanor O. Earle

Jason and Marci Eaton

Ms. Nancy L. Eaton

Mr. Gabriel H. Ebersole

Amanda Edens and 

Stephanie Semmer

Frances A. Edmonds (Mohr) 

and Michael D. Mohr

Dr. Kay Edwards

Mrs. Ruth F. Effron

Valerie A. Emerson

Mrs. Joan Engberg

Ronald W. and Sophie M. Enger

Mr. Carl B. Fausey

Dr. Linda S. Ferber

Alan and Lois Fern

Ken Ferrara

Ms. Gloria Fine

Ms. Rosemarie Fiorilli and 

Mr. Thomas A. Berglund

Ms. Norma L. Forbes

Dr. Brandon Brame Fortune

Sarajane Foster

Mr. Ronald J. Foulis

Stephen D. Fox

LaVerne Council Franklin

Mrs. Marilyn C. Frantsov

Ms. Diane Freedman

Howard and Shirlee Friedenberg

Al and Marion Friedlander

Barry D. Friedman

Ms. Wendy Frieman and Colonel 

David E. Johnson, Ph.D. USA (Ret.) 

Mr. and Mrs. Alfred Friendly

Gudrun Fruehling

Dr. David G. Furth

Dr. Ann Reed Gaines

SMITHSONIAN 

LEGACY SOCIETY

The Society honors those who carry 

on James Smithson’s tradition by 

making legacy gifts, such as 

bequests, charitable gift annuities, 

charitable trusts, gifts of retirement 

plans or donations through other 

planned gifts.

Anonymous

Lucian Abernathy

Ms. Simone L. Acha

Mrs. Mary Adams

Mr. Michael C. Adams, Jr.

Doctors Joseph and Seena Aisner

Harold F. Albers, D.V.M.

Mrs. Roberta M. Alden

Stephen T. Alexieff

Claudia R. Allen and Willis M. Allen, Jr.

Mr. and Mrs. Samuel A. Alward

Dr. Lourdes V. Andaya

Mr. Richard C. Andersen

William S. and Janice R. Anderson

Ms. Rae R. Anderson-Marsh

Paul G. and Alyce C. Andrus

Linda Anthon

Dr. and Mrs. C. Araoz

Ms. Beryl E. Arbit

Dr. and Mrs. Mark B. Ardis

Dr. and Mrs. Paul H. Arnaud, Jr.

Ms. Ruth Arnold

Bob and Dori Arrington

Ms. Joan Reading Asboth

Rudolph E. and Frances B. Atmus

Mr. Robert J. Atwater

Mr. and Mrs. Donald G. Avery

Rose Marie Baab

Ms. Kathy Babcock

Mrs. Christine Bach

Mr. and Mrs. William R. Baecht

Dr. Sheryl R. Bair

Nellie Noble Baker

Lorraine Idriss Ball

Kimberly Caitlin Barden

Mr. Roger Barnes

Mr. Dale S. Barnett, Jr.

Captain Celia Barteau

LeRoy T. Baseman

Betty Passmore Bass

Mrs. Florence Baston

Susan Battley

Nancy and Michael Baudhuin Foundation

Susan and Thomas Baxter

Heather Beachum

Mr. Gary F. Beanblossom

Susan M. Beardsley

Gwendolyn Beasley

Elizabeth Clagett Beck

SMITHSONIAN LEGACY SOCIETY Making a lasting impact
56 57

Robert L. and Mary T. Schneider

Ms. Dorothy Schoech

Ms. Jane Scholz and 

Mr. Douglas C. Balz

Mr. Russell L. Schoudt

Andrew and Beatrice Schultz

Dr. Deanna Schupbach

Catherine F. Scott

Mrs. Ida Maxey Scott

Ms. Sharon Scott

Elinor Scotte-Virgona

Ms. Sheryl Scull

Madge Warden Selinsky

Frederic Thompson Selleck, Ph.D.

Mrs. Hope Sellers

Anne Robertson Sellin

Janice L. Settle

Dee and Skip Seward

Mrs. Norma Gudin Shaw

S. Diane Shaw

Winslow T. Shearman

Mr. Jerrell W. Shelton

Ms. Louise Sherman

Dr. Gerry and Marietta Shigekawa

Dr. Christina H.Y. Shih

Mr. and Mrs. Jack D. Shumate

Christel Siahatgar

Mary Hudson Siciliano

June and Harold Siebert

Mrs. Joan S. Siedenburg

Mr. and Mrs. Manuel Silberstein

Ms. Mary F. Simons

Mr. James C. Small and 

Mr. John A. Fry

Dr. Barbara J. Smith

Glenn Alan Smith

Ms. Kelly P. Smith

Mary Catherine Smolenski

Denny G. Snyder

Mr. and Mrs. Stephen K. Soldoff

Siewchin Yong Sommer

Deena R. Sosson

Dr. Alex M. Spencer

Mr. John Robin Sperry

Earl C. Spohr

Mr. and Mrs. George S. Sproesser

Ms. Marcia L. Sprules

Ms. Tellina J. Stafford

Paul and Janet Stahlhuth

Mr. and Mrs. L. Bradley Stanford

Mr. James Starkey

Ms. Eugenia L. Staszewski

Ms. Sandra Sterling

Ms. Judith Stoeri

Kevin B. Stone

Tom and Kitty Stoner

Miss Irma Story

Amanda Stott

Mr. Richard Stott

Edward and Diane Straker

Miss Iris M. Strauss

Mr. and Mrs. Frederick L. Streckewald

Ms. Donna Strom

Robert and Gail Strong

Randy Struthers

Joseph and Elizabeth Suarez

Mr. Lewis Suber

Mrs. Katherine Sullivan

John A. and Janet Swanson

Mr. John Szabo and 

Ms. Theodora Fine

Ralph Edward Tamper

Mr. and Mrs. Robert E. Tanner

Mr. and Mrs. Robert W. Tanner

John Thomann and Stanton Schnepp

George D. and Mary Augusta Thomas

Henry B. Thomas and Lynette Wardle

James H. Thomas II

Dr. F. Christian Thompson

Ms. Johanna W. Thompson

John and Ellen Thompson

Robert and Karen Thompson

Marie and Gary Thunem

John and Evelyn Tielking

Mrs. Diane D. Tobin

Mr. David E. Todd

Jim and Sharon Todd

David and Linda Tozer

Dr. Jack W. Trigg, Jr.

Lynn Trundle

Kay Tuttle

Stephen Ungar and Susan Ungar

Ms. Selena M. Updegraff

Fred G. and Lelia R. Valdivia

Susan A. Vallon and Andrew Beyer

Wouter K. Vanderwal

Dr. Lorna VanderZanden

Ms. Carol Vangelos

Dr. Frederick and 

Dr. Claudette Varricchio

Trust of Dan and Marty Vega

Dr. Miriam E. Vincent

Dr. Sandy Vogelgesang and 

Mr. Geoffrey Wolfe

Mr. and Mrs. Ladislaus von Hoffmann

Jean and Davis H. von Wittenburg

Mr. Frederick S. Voss

Mr. Randall Wadsworth

Ms. Jannene Wagner

Patty Wagstaff

Raymond Waite

Ms. Jeanette M. Walke

Bettye S. Walker

Ms. Esperanza R. Walker

Dr. and Mrs. Richard Ward

Dr. Winfred O’Neil Ward

Mr. and Mrs. Jack H. Watson, Jr.

Sandra S. Watson, Ph.D.

Susan G. Waxter

Richard P. Weber

Mrs. Eric Weinmann

Mr. Les J. Weinstein

Adam Weisler

Ms. Anne Weismann and 

Mr. Benjamin D. Gorton

Angela Caveness Weisskopf

DarEll T. Weist and Diane Kenney

Mr. Walt Wells

Dale (Billie) L. Welton

Dr. Jacqueline H. Werner

Mrs. Laurel A. Wessman

Larry J. West

Mrs. Harriet K. Westcott

Craig and Catherine Weston

Jason Sean White

Dr. Richard Whitekettle

Mr. Dale A. Whiteside

Ms. Duncan Whittome

Ms. Vivian Wilder

Bob Wilkinson

Sandy and Jon Willen

Mr. Donald E. Williams

Ernest Gilman Wilson and 

Joan Work Wilson

Ms. Shirley Winkler

Ms. Margaret M. Wisniewski

Rosemary Keates Witty

Dr. Michael C. Wolf

Sue Ann Wolff

Mr. and Mrs. Douglas Wolford

Ms. Doris C. Wong

Ms. Betsy J. Wood and 

Mr. James W. Stuart-Smith

Martha R. Wood

Mr. Phillip S. Woodruff

David F. Wright

Deby and Robert Wulff

Mr. and Mrs. Fred Wynbrandt

Sally Wyte

Mrs. Lillian Yamori

Gail Yano

Mr. Carey L. Yeager

Mr. and Mrs. Daniel W. Yohannes

Judy Yoss

Ms. Elise Barbara Yuter

Mr. and Mrs. Robert S. Zelenka

Kenneth M. Zemrowski and 

Susan MacKeen

John and Sherry Ziegler

Margot and Paul Zimmerman

Mrs. Nancy Behrend Zirkle

Flavia P. Zorgniotti

The Zug Family

Mr. and Mrs. Paul S. Zygielbaum

SMITHSONIAN LEGACY SOCIETY Making a lasting impact

Mr. Stephen McCrary

Ms. Carolyn H. McCurry

Ms. Iris McDonald

Mattie McFadden Lawson & 

Michael Lawson and Family

Cristina McGee

Mr. John C. McGilvary

Ms. Lowen McKay

Mr. and Mrs. Jesse T. McMahan

Mr. Andrew McMahon

Ms. Lenore McMahon

Melinda McMullen and Duncan Kime

Alison McNally and Bobby German

Cheryl McQueen

Scott and Hella McVay

Miss Nora L. Melville

Ms. Mae Mercereau

Hans and Mary Miesler

Mr. and Mrs. Carl Mikuletzky

Dennis and Patricia Miller

Gus and Deanne Miller and Family

Mrs. Melissa L. Mills

Ms. Patricia Minard

Ms. Jo Ann Mitchell

R.C. Mitchell

Sidney Mobell

Robert K. and Sandra S. Momyer

Mr. and Mrs. Fred Montanye

Dr. Judith A. Monte

Ms. Nancy Montecalvo

Susan and Guy Moody

Marshall W. Moore

Mrs. Anne Murray Morgan

Ms. Jessie Morgan

Ms. Jeri Ann Moriarty

Charles H. and Helen S. Moriyama

Marie L. Morrisroe

Jill D. Morrow-Gorton and 

Christopher Gorton

Robert E. Mortensen

David and Francesca Moskowitz

Gary L. Mueller M.D. and 

Carolyn R. Mueller Ph.D., R.N.

Marianne Muellerleile and Tom Norris

Ms. Carol M. Mulcox

Dr. Joel Mulhauser

Marilyn J. Musser

Joan C. Muzzillo and Paul R. Popick

Mr. Roger K. Myers

Mr. Marvin J. Nakashima

David A. Neiss

Ms. Caroline K. Nelson

Mr. and Mrs. John L. Nelson

Mary and Paul Nelson

Ms. Beverly A. Nichols

The Honorable and 

Mrs. William A. Nitze

Jane Strauss Northern

Susann Norton

Jeane and Joel Novak

Carl T. and Carol Jean Obenland

Mr. Homer C. Ogles

Setsuko Oka

Daniel and Rebecca Okrent

Nancy L. O’Neal

Ms. Terry O’Reilly

Ms. Jean D. Osbon

Ms. P. Gail Osburn

Tim and Debra Osburne

Mr. Richard S. Paegelow

James and Anne Painter

Russell E. and Wendy Palmer

Jean and Kent Papsun

James D. Parker

Stephen Parks

Mr. Ronald P. Parola

Mr. Wayne Parsons

Mr. Robert Pastorino

Wesley Patterson and 

Linda Pritchard Patterson

Robert C. Patton, M.D.

David and Diane Pearson

Joanne M. Pearson, M.D.

Mary Ann and Carl Pearson

Paul Peck

Laura H. Peebles

Mr. and Mrs. James E. Pehta

Edith A. Peña

Mr. and Mrs. James Pendergrass

Mrs. Carmalita J. Pendlebury

Elaine and Patrick Perkins

Barbara Rescher Perry

Patti McGill Peterson and 

Kate S. Woodward

Ms. Nicole Petrosky

Ms. Nancy Phillips

Ms. Barbara Ann Pike

Mr. John E. Plastino

Mr. Don Polan

Morton and Sandra Porwick

Bob and Janice Pound

Mr. and Mrs. Anco L. Prak

Ms. Louise Pressman

Judy Lynn Prince

Mrs. Lakhbir Purewal

Ms. Martha Puricelli

Mr. and Mrs. Thomas Stanley Purvinis

Frank and Betty Quirk

Mrs. Mildred F. Rafaj

Glen E. and Susan F. Rainsley

Ms. Beverly Ramsay

Mrs. Lois S. Raphling

Francis H. Rasmus, Jr.

Mr. and Mrs. John Daniel Reaves

Mr. Michael F. Reed

Ms. Sanae Iida Reeves

Mr. David P. Rehfuss and 

Mrs. Hedy S. Rehfuss

Mr. Jerrold H. Rehmar

Carol A. Reich

Mr. Donald Reinking

Helen M. Reinsch

Donna J. Rentzel

Larry D. Reser and Kathleen L. Toyoda

Dr. Suzanne Resnick

Jon and Emilee Reynolds

Dr. and Mrs. Jerry M. Rice

Mrs. Robert A. Rice

Althea Richards

Norm Richards

Justin and Lauren Richeson

Mrs. Rose Marie Rick

R. Lucia Riddle

Mrs. Lydia Puccinelli Robbins

Carol O. Roberts

Mary Ann Roberts

Ms. Susan Roberts

Mr. Charles J. Robertson

Janice Stultz Roddenbery and 

Thomas Peale Roddenbery

Ms. Betty Rodgers

Mr. Scott Roeth

Mr. Bruce Rogers

Ms. Laurel Rohrer

Dr. Ruth A. Roland

Mr. Norman Roscilo

Rieva Rose

Mr. and Mrs. Stuart W. Rosenbaum

Mr. Ken Rosenberg

The Honorable Ronald A. Rosenfeld

Dr. Harry Rosenthal

Dee and Allan Roth

Ms. Shari Rothstein

Dr. Randi Rubovits-Seitz

Dr. Mary A. Rudloff

Nancy and Clive Runnells Foundation

Ralph and Dorothea Hoffman 

Rushworth

Ms. Karen L. Russell

Louise Russell, Ph.D.

Mr. Richard T. Russell, Jr.

John and Anne Ryan

Ms. Sally D. Ryan

Mr. C.J. Ryburn

Edward H. Sachtleben

Synthia SAINT JAMES

Trudy and Charles Salter

Dr. Janice E. Sanders

Ambassador Robin Renee Sanders 

Jesse Ormond Sanderson, Jr. 

and Robert Keith Black

Lt. Colonel Joseph R. Santa Barbara

Mrs. Patricia Ann Beattie Santaromana

Dr. Maria C. Santoyo-Stein

Lloyd G. and Betty A. Schermer

Donald and Marilyn Schlief

Miss Lois K. Schmidt

Ms. Deborah Schneide

SMITHSONIAN LEGACY SOCIETY Making a lasting impact
58 59

Barbara and Craig Barrett ●

Ms. Yvonne N. Barry ▲

Sally and John Beals ▲

Thomas F. and 

Kathleen M. Beddow ▲

Michael and Tootie Beeman ▲

Mr. Chris Beikman

Rowland E. Bell ▲

Brian and Betty Benson ▲

Dean M. Francille Bergquist ▲

Dava A. Berkman

Pegi and Kent Bernard

Eve Bernstein and 

Alex Gersznowicz ▲

Mr. Akar Bharadvaj

Jerry and Karen Birchmore ▲

Susan H. and Geoffrey Blaha

Ms. June K. Blanc

Mr. and Mrs. Charles Blanchard

Mr. John H. Blazek ▲

Ms. Elizabeth Board and 

Mr. Robert Hines ▲

Margaret W. and William J.D. Bond ■

Ms. Elisabeth T. Bottler ▲

Mr. Stephen S. Bowen ▲

Mark S. Box, M.D. ▲

Mr. and Mrs. Donald E. Bradley ▲

Donald R. and Rosemary Brasie ▲

The Honorable Stephen F. Brauer 

and Mrs. Camilla Thompson 

Brauer ● ▲

Eric Briggs

Mr. Andrew Brill ▲

The Brodsky Foundation

Bonnie and Jere Broh-Kahn ▲

Penelope J. Brook ▲

Ms. Laura Brouse-Long and 

Dr. William F. Long ▲

Mrs. Agnes M. Brown ▲

David and Lois Brown

Harris and Diane Bruch ▲

Patricia Budka and Kristofer Lafko

George E. and Clare M. Burch ▲

Mr. and Mrs. B.R. Burchfield ▲

Mrs. Edward A. Burka ■

Mr. Eric Byunn and 

Ms. Alyssa Corinne Rieder

James E. and Linda Cafritz

Mr. and Mrs. Vincent J. Cahill ▲

Kathryn Campbell ▲

Glen and Linda Cannon

Mr. Cory Capps

Jenny Rose and Gus Carey ▲

Dawn V. Carr

Margaret Carson-Gable and 

Eric H. Gable

Mr. Calvin Carver ▲

Rod and Lynette Case

Judy and Jack Cater ▲

Vinton and Sigrid Cerf ▲

Dr. and Mrs. Jonathan L. Chang ▲

Dr. William A. Chantry, Jr.

Stuart and Helen Chemtob

Cherry Hill Park ▲

Judith L. Cherwinka ▲

Anne Page Chiapella

Mr. Michael Jay Chusmir

Mrs. Jessica C. Clark

Virginia Clark and Lane Taylor

Kay L. Clausen ▲

Mr. Stephen W. Clayton ▲

Colleen Cleary

J. Donald Cline ▲

Mr. Adam Cohen

Joan and Harvey Cohen ▲

Mrs. Emy Cohenca

Gene and Elizabeth Colice ▲

Mr. Philip H. Collector

Mark Colley and Deborah Harsch ▲

Mrs. Gena and Mr. David Collis

Mr. William G. Combs ▲

Ms. Ruth Boyer Compton ■

Robert C. Cook

Lori Cooke-Marra ▲

Dr. Fred Goodwin Corley ▲

Ms. Charlotte A. Corrigan ▲

Charles and Candace Cowan ▲

Mr. and Mrs. Arthur R. Crawford ▲

Patrisha Creevy and 

Albert Del Negro ▲

Mr. Thomas Cushing ▲

Ronald and Jessica Dabrowski ▲

Ms. Brit J. d’Arbeloff ▲

Dorothy and Julian Davidson ▲

Carol Deane ▲

Kathy Dehm

Mr. T. Delashmutt

Arthur and Isadora Dellheim 

Foundation

Bernard G. and Susan Dennis ▲

Philip de Picciotto and 

Trinka Roeckelein ▲

Geert M. DePrest and 

Laura Travis-DePrest ▲

The DeTroye Family

Lily and Joseph Dewton Family 

Fund (Ms. Ruth E. Dewton) ▲

Lee and Mary Alice Dickerson

Dennis O. Dixon ▲

Mr. Joseph Dixon ▲

Mr. and Ms. Anthony Dobranski 

(The Dobranski Foundation, Inc.)

Adrienne Dominguez

Ms. Renee Dopplick and 

Mr. Tom McQueeney

Sue Dorsch ▲

John F. Downey

Drs. Joseph and Carolyn Drage ▲

Mr. Scott Drerup

Claudia and Dennis Dulmage

W. Mercer and Mary A. Dye

Vicki and Mike Eastland ▲

Mr. Jonathan W. Ebbeler

The Eberly Family Trust ▲ ■

Mr. and Mrs. Cole Ebert

Adrienne M. Edens ▲

Dean S. Edmonds Foundation ▲ ■

Mr. and Mrs. J.S. Edmonds ▲

Miss Babs Eisman

The Honorable Stuart Eizenstat

Paul D. Ekman

Mrs. John Esswein ▲

Ms. Heather Ewing

John A. Farrall ▲

Christine R. Faser ▲

Mr. and Mrs. James J. Ferguson, Jr.

Michael Finan and Pamela Frazier ▲

Nicholas Fintzelberg, Ph.D.

Mr. L.R. Fischer ▲

Denise Flanagan

Sue M. Fogarty ▲

Mr. and Mrs. David B. Ford 

Mr. Pete Ford

Colonel and Mrs. William J. Foster ▲

Jacqueline Fowler ▲

Bonnie S. Franklin ▲

Mr. Jason E. Free

Ms. Wendy Frieman and Col. David 

E. Johnson, Ph.D. USA (Ret.) ▲

David and Galya Frost ▲

Dr. Gerard J. Fulda ▲

Mr. Coleman F. Fung

Mr. Tim Gale and Ms. Jennifer Gale

Ms. Kerry Galvin ▲

Mr. Sameer Gandhi

Mr. Richard T. Garner

Ms. Claire Geller-Kolchetski

Mr. Daniel Gilbert ■

Karyn C. Gill and 

George McC. Gill, M.D. ■

Mary Turner Gilliland and 

Clinton R. Gilliland ▲

Walter and Karla Goldschmidt 

Foundation

Ms. Mary Goodreau

Mr. Robert Goodrow

Dr. Robert Gore

Ms. Carolyn Gorman

Drs. David Granite and 

M.L. Oster-Granite ▲

Mary and Bradford Graves ▲

Mrs. Mary J. Graves ▲

Ms. Susannah Gray and 

Mr. John Lyons

Mr. Kevin Green ▲

The Greene Van Arsdale Foundation

Alma and Edward Greer

Susan and Ben Gregg

Ms. Amy and Mr. Joseph Grinstein

Mr. Patrick W. Gross

Mr. Michael John Gunther

Robert G. Gutenstein

Sonny and Kathy Hagendorf

Mr. Peter Hamel ▲

Ms. Virginia Hamister ▲

Hansan Family Foundation

The Mark and Anne Hansen 

Foundation 

Mr. Shawn Hansen

Mrs. Libby D. Hanson

Mr. Christie G. Harris ▲

Felicie and Paul Hartloff ▲

Dr. and Mrs. Herbert A. Hartman, Jr.

Mr. Wayne Hathaway ▲

Ms. Doris L. Hausser ▲

Dr. Carla H. Hay ▲

Mr. Ernest M. Hayashi ▲

Marilyn T. Heebner

Robert and Ann Herman

Sally M. and Stephen A. Herman

CDR Douglas G. and 

Major Barbara E. Hiatt (Ret.)

Captain Deborah Hinkley, USN ▲

Carol and Mike Hoepner

Dr. and Mrs. C.J. and 

Ginna Holmes ▲

Patricia Hunt Holmes, Ph.D., J.D.

Ms. Elizabeth Homan

Roland and Cynthia Hoover ▲

William Logan Hopkins ■

Lt. Colonel Edward Horne, Jr.

Dave Horner

Dr. and Mrs. Ramachandra Hosmane

Katherine and 

Joseph Householder ▲

Mr. and Mrs. Albert R. Howard ▲

Mr. and Mrs. Robert L. Howard

Mr. and Mrs. David H. Hugel ▲

Mr. Larry A. Hultberg ▲

Ms. Beverly J. Hunter

Judy and Bob Huret

Dr. Robert Ireland

Mr. Jonathan Ishee

Mr. Tyler Jackson and 

Ms. Dawn Cooper-Jackson

Ms. Susan Janssen

Dr. Jeffrey W. Johnson ▲

Ms. Monica Cole Johnson

Dr. Judith K. Jones ▲

Margaret E. Jones ▲

Michael and Diane Jones

Dr. Walter F. Jones and 

Ms. Cheryl L. Rash Jones

Mr. Jeff Jordan

Dr. Ken Jordan ▲

Dr. Arnold and Ms. Marcia Kaplin ▲

JAMES SMITHSON SOCIETY ● Smithsonian National Board Member or Alumnus 

▲ James Smithson Society Sustaining Fellow 

■ Endowed Life Member

JAMES SMITHSON 

SOCIETY

The 655 members of the James 

Smithson Society share a deep 

commitment to the advancement of 

the Smithsonian through their dues 

and special gifts. In fiscal year 2018, 

they contributed $2.74 million in 

general support to the Institution. 

The Smithsonian gratefully 

acknowledges the following 

individuals for their generous 

financial gifts, which provided 

important support for the 

Institution’s art and artifact 

conservation, research, exhibitions 

and educational programs.

JOHN QUINCY ADAMS CIRCLE

Anonymous

Mr. Zarth Bertsch

Richard Ditton ▲

Sarajane Foster ▲

Cary J. Frieze ▲ ■

Alfred C. Glassell, III and 

Ms. Marli Andrade ▲

Dr. and Mrs. H. Lee Griffin ▲

Gloria Shaw Hamilton ▲

Drs. J. Michael Hamilton and 

Myung H. Nam ▲

David and Pat Jernigan ▲

Lester S. and Enid W. Morse

Everett P. and Andrea Paup ▲

Lola C. Reinsch (Reinsch Pierce 

Family Foundation) ▲

Melvin and Martha Rice

Mary and Steven Swig ▲

JOSEPH HENRY CIRCLE

Anonymous

The Arctica and Abbey

 Foundation ▲

Mr. Steven Bershader and 

Ms. Marguerite Godbold ▲

Mr. and Mrs. J. Kevin Buchi ▲

Robert F. Bulens ▲

Mr. and Mrs. Donald A. Cotton ▲

Dr. and Mrs. Paul T. Davis ▲

Mr. and Mrs. Herbert Drower ▲

Mr. and Mrs. LeRoy Eakin III ▲

Christopher Feldmann and 

Laura Beauchamp ▲

Mr. and Mrs. Peter D. Fischer

Stuart Grossman ▲

Elaine A. Hodgson

Ms. Wilhelmina Cole Holladay ▲

Mary W. Hopkins ▲

Ms. Michelle Pon Howard

Mary Jane Kilhefner ▲

Michael and Gretchen Kriss ▲

Mr. Wayne E. Kurcz ▲

Drs. Jerrold Levy and Maria Arias ▲

Ms. May Liang and 

Mr. James Lintott ▲

Jeanie C. Linders ▲

Robert R. Little ▲

Ms. Marilyn Lummis ▲

Dr. and Mrs. David Machuga ▲

Jacqueline B. Mars ● ▲

Ms. Linda Merinoff

Cindy Miscikowski 

Robert E. Mortensen ▲

Susann Norton ▲

James D. Parker ▲

Alan L. Perkins and 

Barbara L. Bonessa ▲

Arthur and Toni Rembe Rock ▲

Mr. Carlos Rodriguez-Pastor

Madge Warden Selinsky

Tricia and Thom Smelter

Ms. Betty W. Smykal ▲

Fredda Sparks and 

Kent Montavon ▲

Eileen and Michael Tanner ▲

Mr. and Mrs. Ranvir K. Trehan 

(Trehan Foundation, Inc.)

Larry and Darlene Tripplett

Nancy Zverina ▲

SAMUEL PIERPONT LANGLEY

CIRCLE

Anonymous

Leslie Allen

Mr. Ross Anderson ▲

Ms. Anne V. Applegate ▲

Mr. and Mrs. Donald G. Avery ▲

Mr. Kevin Baesler

Susan and Thomas Baxter ▲

Dr. Tyson E. Becker and 

Ms. Katherine Sutcliffe Becker ▲

Mr. James M. Beggs ▲

Robert and Dawn Birmingham ▲

James E. Borleis ▲

Mark and Janice Buffler ▲

Alan Cannon ▲

Mrs. Elizabeth Cheek

Bruce E. Cobern ▲

Mary Ann Condon

S.B. Cooper and R.L. Besson ▲

Christopher Cope and Jamie Shaw ▲

Karen L. Daigle, MD ▲

Nora Hsu Davis and Barry C. Davis ▲

Jeffrey and Cindy Dill

Mr. R. Chad Dreier

Debbie Driesman and Frank F. Islam ▲

Cheryl Dronzek ▲

Ms. Ann Dunkin

Mr. and Mrs. Douglas D. Durst ▲

Dr. and Mrs. Bradley C. Eichhorst

Robert and Debra Ekman ▲

Ms. Sonia Florian ▲

Mr. and Mrs. Peter C. Forster ▲

Dr. and Mrs. William A. Geffen

Dr. Alice George

Mr. Ian C. Gibson-Smith ▲

Dr. Cheryl Gorelick ▲

Mr. James H. Greene, Jr.

Joanne T. Greenspun ▲

Mr. and Mrs. John Grisham

Mrs. Eileen Hamilton ▲

Mr. and Mrs. S.A. Hancock ▲

Ms. Alice Handy

Barbara Hiller Philanthropic Fund

Galen and Patricia Ho

Ms. F. Lynn Holec ▲

John A. Hoyda ▲

Diane and John Ippolito ▲

Mrs. Pamela Jacobs

Tao Jones Charitable Foundation

Wells B. Jones and 

Donna L. Ceravolo ▲

Mr. Nelson Kading ▲

The Fannie and Stephen Kahn 

Charitable Foundation

Sheldon and Audrey Katz ▲

Mrs. Nancy B. Kelly ▲

James and Mary Larkin

Ms. Linda R. Lee ▲

Mr. Jeffrey M. Lewis-Oakes and 

Mrs. Nicole Lewis-Oakes ▲

Susan Lindemuth ▲

Mr. Richard Livingston

Glen and Sally Lunde ▲

Mrs. Jacomien Mars ▲

Virginia Cretella Mars ▲

Mary Martell and Paul M. Johnson ▲

Mr. and Mrs. Eric Mayer

Laura L. McAuliffe ▲

Richard T. McMurray ▲

Laurel and Robert Mendelsohn ▲

Dennis and Patricia Miller ▲

Milligan Family Foundation

C. Jay Moorhead Foundation

Marie L. Morrisroe ▲

Richard and Cheryl Moxley ▲

Drs. James and Pamela Mulshine ▲

Linda and J.N. Musto

Charles B. Nam ▲

Jim Neal ▲

Mr. and Mrs. George A. Needham

Larry and Paige Nicholson

Mr. Hossein Noshirvani and 

Ms. Leyla Ghorbani

Douglas and Suzanne Parker ▲

Ms. Sue Payne

Mr. Carter Phillips and 

Mrs. Sue J. Henry

Mr. Dale Precoda

Mr. and Mrs. Tim Ramsey ▲

Richter Family Foundation 

(Mr. Alfred C. Richter)

Mr. William Ritchie

Michael J. Roach

Mr. and Mrs. Lewis Andrew 

Rothkopf ▲

William J. and Sally R. Siegel 

Foundation Ltd.

Sidney Stern Memorial Trust

Edward and Diane Straker ▲

Dr. and Mrs. Ronald Takvorian ▲

John Thomann and 

Stanton Schnepp

William E. Thomas, Jr. ▲

John and Evelyn Tielking ▲

Susan G. Waxter ▲

Craig and Catherine Weston ▲

Mark Wilkie

Dianne and David Worley ▲

Jim and Richie Wright ▲

Dr. and Mrs. Wallace C. Wu ▲

Ellen and Bernard Young ▲

Drs. Rodney and Deborah Zeitler ▲

Kenneth M. Zemrowski and 

Susan MacKeen ▲

S. DILLON RIPLEY CIRCLE

Anonymous

Lucian Abernathy ▲

Mr. John Adams

Mr. Terry L. Albertson and 

Ms. Kathleen A. Blackburn ▲

Mr. and Mrs. David Aldrich ▲

Mr. Terry G. Aldridge and 

Ms. Patricia Thomas ▲

Ms. Louise A. Amrine

Mr. Wolfram Anders and 

Ms. Michele Manatt

Ed and Carol Anderson ▲

Ms. Nancy Anderson

Mr. Melvin T. Andrews ▲

Gabriella Angeloni and Family

Mr. and Mrs. James B. Araujo

Miriam J. Atkins, M.D.

Mr. and Mrs. D.R. Atkinson ▲

Joseph F. Azara, Jr. ▲

W.E. Badenhausen, Jr. ▲

Mr. Jack Bader

Ms. Carol Baker and 

Mr. Mark Stein ▲

Ms. Catherine Bannister

Dr. Edward Baranoski ▲

Captain Robert M. Barr, Jr. USN (Ret)

Barbara B. Barresi, Ph.D., R.N.

JAMES SMITHSON SOCIETY ● Smithsonian National Board Member or Alumnus 

▲ James Smithson Society Sustaining Fellow 

■ Endowed Life Member
60 61

Dr. Brian Abel Ragen ▲

Mr. and Mrs. Thomas Raike ▲

Mr. H. Lewis Rapaport

Ms. Beth Ann Ray

Mr. Jason Ray

Dr. Matthew J. Raymond and 

Mrs. Sonya Raymond ▲

Dr. and Mrs. Mark D. Reckase ▲

Ms. Laurie Reed

Carol A. Reich

Ivy and Stanley T. Relkin ▲

Mr. Paul A. Renard ▲

Mr. and Mrs. Thomas A. Renyi

Dr. and Mrs. Jerry M. Rice ▲

Mr. Bill Roberts ▲

Ms. Nancy J. Robertson and 

Mr. Mark N. Cookingham ▲

Mary Ellen and David Rogers ▲

Mr. and Mrs. William P. Romenius ▲

Sue and Karl Rosenbaum

Mr. David J. Rosenthal and 

Ms. Jennie Scholick ■

Ms. Jeanne Rosenthal ▲

Tony Rosenthal and 

Ruth Ganister ▲ ■

Ms. Hillary Rosenwald ▲

Howard and Janice Rosser ▲

Maryà Rowan ▲

Mr. Donald W. Rowley

Dr. Randi Rubovits-Seitz ▲

Mrs. Jennifer Russell

Louise Russell, Ph.D.

Mr. Raymond V. Ryan

Edward H. Sachtleben ▲

Rebecca and Ronald Sacra

MG (Ret) and Mrs. Alan B. Salisbury ▲

John and Ginger Sall ▲

Jose R. Santiago

Ms. Jessica Sarowitz

Mr. Gary Satin

Mr. Kevin James Savage ▲

Patricia J. Sawvel

Mr. and Mrs. Thomas Schmidt ▲

Catherine F. Scott ■

Donna L. Scott, Esq.

Dr. Diane Scott-Jones ▲

Mr. Albert Seargeant

Mr. Joel and Ms. Frances Segal

Patricia Senchur

Mr. David Sessions

The Shack Sackler Foundation

Mr. Shelby Shapiro and 

Dr. Marti Bornstein ▲ ■

Mr. and Mrs. Mike Shealy

Ms. Kate M. Sheehy ▲

Mr. and Mrs. J. Henry Sheffield ▲ ■

Mr. John W. Shepard, Sr. ▲

Mr. Thomas A. Sherard, Jr. ▲

Mr. James R. Sherrard ▲

Barbara L. Shortridge ▲

Frank Shrontz ▲

Carey C. Shuart

Shirley Phillips Sichel ■

Sylvia and David Silver

Dr. Kathryn Simmons and 

Mr. Guy Simmons, Jr. ▲

Dr. Diljeet Singh

Ms. Margaret Runge Singleton

Bob and Welmoed Sisson ▲

Philip and Jane Skuta

Ms. Barbara F. Smith ▲

Mr. Dean P. Smith ▲

Michael and Meg Smith

Dr. Stephen D. and 

Mary Jane Smith ▲

Tanya K. Smith

Mr. and Mrs. T. Eugene Smith ▲

Marianne and V. James Solfronk ▲

Siewchin Yong Sommer

Ms. Shirley M. Sontheimer

Mr. Victor Southgate

Lucinda T. Spaney

Mrs. Jennifer P. Speers

Mr. Jonathan Spencer

Ms. Ellen Spivey

Patricia Squires and 

Patrick J. Spann ▲

Gay K. Stanek

Jack B. St. Clair ▲

Mr. and Mrs. David D. Stirrett ▲

Mr. and Mrs. Michael Stoecker ▲

Shepard and Marlene Stone ▲

Mr. James D. Strand ▲

Barry S. and Evelyn Strauch

Strong Foundation of New York

Sandra L. Sully ▲

Ms. Artie Teresa Suri

Ms. Judith Sutherland

John and Donna Swan ▲

Ms. Dorry Swope

The Tabard Inn

Mr. Akio Tagawa ▲

Mr. Paul J. Tagliabue

Dr. and Mrs. Ernest T. Takafuji ▲

Dr. and Mrs. James Tarver, III

Frederick and 

Barbara Clark Telling ▲

Ms. Margaret Louise Tevis ▲

Mr. Floyd I. Thiel

Ms. Larie Thomas

Charles E. and Lois J. Toomer ▲

Jack and Claire Tozier

Dr. Jack W. Trigg, Jr. ▲

Harvey S. Trop ▲

James T. and Patricia R. Turner ▲

Amy and Horacio Valeiras

Mr. Walter H. Vandaele

David and Patricia Vondle

Colonel Harold W. Vorhies ▲ ■

Ms. Jacqueline Vossler

Dr. Carol L. Wagner ▲

Ms. Jannene Wagner

Raymond Waite ▲

Gilbert Waldman 

and Christy Vezolles ▲

Maggie Walker

Ms. Elisse Walter

Derek Wang Family Foundation

Ruth L. Webb ▲

Duane Webber ▲

Mr. Robert A. Weinstein

Eric and Kathleen Weisblatt ▲

Angela Caveness Weisskopf ▲

Linden H. and Judith A. Welch ▲

Mei Chen Welland

Gregory J. Werden ▲

Mr. Gregory Wernert

Ms. Barbara Whitcraft

Gideon and Jennifer Wiginton

Mr. Jeffrey H. Williams ▲

Janice L. Wilson ▲

Harry and Patricia Wimbrough

Mr. William E. Winckler

Sinclair Winton

Ms. Sandra Wirta ▲

Mr. and Mrs. Douglas Wolford

Marvin and Eva Womack ▲

Neal L. Wood ▲

Catherine A. Worrall ▲

Diana G. Wortham ▲

Dolores Yankauskas ▲

Ms. Michelle F. Yarborough ▲

Ms. Debra Yates

Linda J. Young ▲

Lieutenant Colonel and 

Mrs. Michael J. Youngson

Sondra Zambino

Mr. and Mrs. Robert S. Zelenka

Tom Zoufaly

The Donald and Barbara Zucker 

Family Foundation

JAMES SMITHSON SOCIETY ● Smithsonian National Board Member or Alumnus 

▲ James Smithson Society Sustaining Fellow 

■ Endowed Life Member

Mr. and Mrs. Edward Kashian

Richard and Leanne Kaslow ▲

Mrs. Carol Kauffman ▲

Richard and Elaine Kaufman ■

Stephen C. Keeble and 

Karen Depew ■

Robert E. Keith, Jr. ● ▲

Ms. Jennifer Nelson Kemp

Thomas S. Kenan, III ▲

Mr. and Mrs. John B. Kendrick ▲

Mr. and Mrs. Absolon Kent

Dr. Rebecca Kenyon ▲

Erna and Michael Kerst ▲

Coyla Ketchy ▲

Peter B. Kibbee ▲

Mr. Christopher M. Kinsey ▲

Mr. and Mrs. Stephen E. Kitchen ▲

Lenore and Howard Klein 

Foundation, Inc.

Ms. Lauren S. Kogod and 

Mr. David Smiley

Ms. Leslie S. Kogod

Mr. Stuart Kogod and 

Ms. Denise Garone

Mrs. William K. Konze ■

Mr. David Korba

Richard S. Kraus ▲

Mrs. Gwen G. Krivi ▲

Mr. Jeremy Kuester

Ms. Jone D. LaBombard and 

Mr. William Noyce ▲

Ms. Sarah Lamb

Dr. Rachel Lange

Mr. Stephen Lanier

Jorn Larsen-Basse ▲

Mr. and Mrs. Thomas A. Lauzon ▲

Dr. Otto Ledford, Jr. and 

Mrs. Eugenie Ledford

Ms. Dania Leemputte

Ms. Lucie Lehmann

Ms. Ann E. Leininger ▲

Polly A. Levee Charitable Trust ▲

Donald J. and Marcy Leverenz

Canice Kelly Levin ▲

Mr. Richard Levine ▲

T.E. Lindley and Lola Sue Scobey

William and Katherine Livengood

David Lloyd ▲

Dr. Dan Longo ▲

Shirley Loo ▲

Dr. Joan Lunney and 

Mr. William W. Idler ▲

Ms. Linda K. Lyle ▲

Captain Kathleen M. 

Lyman, USN (Ret.) ▲

Matt and Laura Maasdam

Mrs. Marjorie E. MacLachlan ▲

Dr. Hugh Mainzer and 

Mrs. Jill Jarecki Mainzer ■

Mrs. Charles T. Manatt

Merriel F. Mandell, Ph.D. ▲

Mr. Joseph V. Mani

Mr. and Mrs. Karol Marcin

Mr. Michael Mars

Frank and Carol Marshall ▲

David Mason

Maryann Mason

Dr. and Mrs. Wayne Mathews ▲

Linda L. Mayer

Margaret P. McCamish

Kathleen McCarthy

Mr. Kevin McCarthy and 

Dr. Catherine McCarthy

Mr. James H.T. McConnell, Jr. ▲

Mr. and Mrs. Richard B. McCrary ▲

Mary F. McFadden ▲

Carole McFee

Mrs. Elizabeth McGoldrick ▲

Joseph and Elizabeth McGowan

Mr. David J. McGrath

John R. McIntyre ▲

Leda McIntyre-Hall

Dr. Theresa McLoud ▲

Melinda McMullen and 

Duncan Kime

Ms. Susan Means

Mr. and Mrs. Alan W. Melvin ▲

Mr. Charles I. Miller

Ms. Eleanor Miller

Mr. and Mrs. W. Todd Miller

Mr. Thomas Miree ▲

Mr. Randall Pernell Mitchell

Mr. Timothy Mitchell

Betty M. Montgomery

Mr. Matt Moore

Ms. Susan M. Moore ▲

Jill Morrow-Gorton and 

Christopher Gorton ▲

Dr. and Mrs. Robert C. Morton ▲

Gary L. Mueller M.D. and 

Carolyn R. Mueller Ph.D., R.N. ▲

Dr. Lynda Mulhauser and 

Mr. Richard Pierce

Rajesh and Radhika Murari ▲

Dr. and Mrs. William A. Murphy, Jr. ▲

Ms. Tamsen Hicks Murray

Mrs. Don Carr Musick ▲

Maizy A. Myers

Rear Admiral David J. Nash, CEC/

USN/Ret. and Carolyn K. Nash ▲

Mr. Thomas Neff

Ms. Caroline K. Nelson ▲

Mr. and Mrs. John L. Nelson ▲

Todd Nemoir

Nitz Family Foundation

Randy A. Noranbrock and 

Anna Rappaport

Deborah Norton ▲

Melanie and Larry Nussdorf ▲

Mr. and Mrs. Merlin G. Nygren ▲

Mike O’Dell and Judy Grass ▲

Suzanne Oparil, M.D.

Tim and Debra Osburne ▲

Mr. Steven O’Sheal ▲

Frances M. Owens ▲

Richard C. Paddock

Ms. Patricia A. Papas and 

Dr. Ray E. Tully ▲

Dr. Bette Jane Pappas and 

Mr. James C. Burks

Jean and Kent Papsun ▲

Jim and Marilyn Parke ▲

Marianne and David Pastor ▲

Barbara and Michael Pate ▲

Celeste Patrick, M.D., and 

Mr. Charles W. Patrick, Jr. ▲

Ms. Nancy Patrick ▲

Laura H. Peebles and 

Ellen Fingerman ▲

Frankie Pennington Groff

Ms. Suzanne Perez ▲

Mr. and Mrs. Robert P. Perkaus, Jr.

Barbara Rescher Perry

Susan Peters and Richard Lee ▲

Kirsten Peterson Johansen

Mrs. Patricia Peterson ▲

Patti McGill Peterson and 

Kate S. Woodward

Dr. Bob Pettapiece

Mr. James Pigott 

(Moccasin Lake Foundation) ▲

Peter Pilawa

Ms. Toby Pippin

Carol Pochardt ■

Linda Polk

Ms. Allison Porter

James C. Powell

Mr. Joseph A. Power, Jr.

Judy Lynn Prince

Drs. Dena and Jerome Puskin

Dr. William James Raduchel ▲

JAMES SMITHSON SOCIETY ● Smithsonian National Board Member or Alumnus 

▲ James Smithson Society Sustaining Fellow 

■ Endowed Life Member
62 63

Charles Lang Freer

Friends of the National Zoo

Cary J. Frieze

Patricia and Phillip Frost

Fujifilm

Susan Breakefield Fulton

The Funger Foundation, 

Norma Lee and Morton Funger

Hope L. and John L. Furth

Shelby and Frederick Gans

Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation

GE 

David Geffen Foundation

General Mills Foundation

General Motors Company

James T. and Juliette J. George

GlaxoSmithKline

The Glenstone Foundation, Mitchell P. Rales

Goldman, Sachs & Co.

Google.org

Alice R. Gottesman

Arvin Gottlieb

Katharine Graham

Dr. Leonard M. Greene

Mary Livingston Griggs and 

Mary Griggs Burke Foundation

William H. Gross

Agnes Gund

The George Gund Foundation

George Gund III and Iara Lee

James E. Gysin

Thomas W. Haas Foundation

Karl H. Hagen

Mr. Christie G. Harris

Myra M. Hart

The Hartford

Enid A. Haupt

William Randolph Hearst Foundation

Drue Heinz Trust

Herbert Waide Hemphill, Jr.

Edward P. and Rebecca R. Henderson

Janine and J. Tomilson Hill

Lyda Hill

The Hillside Foundation—Allan and Shelley Holt

Barron Hilton / Conrad N. Hilton Foundation

Helen and Edward Hintz

Ikuo Hirayama

Joseph Hirshhorn

The Robert H.N. Ho Family Foundation

Mellody Hobson and George Lucas

Frank and Lisina Hoch

Steven and Jane Hoch

Hubert N. (Jay) Hoffman, III

Holenia Trust

Ruth S. and A. William Holmberg

Janet Annenberg Hooker

Raymond J. and Margaret Horowitz

Grant W. Howell

John R. Huggard

Cathy Hughes and Alfred C. Liggins III

Judy and Bob Huret

IBM Corporation

Intel Corporation

Intel Foundation

International Lease Finance Corporation

LaTanya, Zoe and Samuel L. Jackson

The Lebron James Family Foundation

J & AR Foundation

Johnson & Johnson

Johnson Publishing Company, Inc.

Allan William Johnson, Jr.

Christian A. Johnson Endeavor Foundation

Gregory D. and Jennifer Walston Johnson

James A. Johnson

Kevin and Michelle Johnson & Georgia 

and Ronnie West

Robert L. Johnson

Michael Jordan and Family

JPMorgan Chase Foundation

The JSM Charitable Trust, James S. McDonnell III, 

John F. McDonnell

Kaiser Permanente

Georgette and Herman Kamenetz

Linda Lichtenberg Kaplan

The W.M. Keck Foundation

Herb Kelleher

Connie and Dennis Keller

W.K. Kellogg Foundation

R. Crosby Kemper

William R. Kenan, Jr. Charitable Trust

Peter B. Kibbee

Ann and Gilbert H. Kinney

John S. and James L. Knight Foundation

Carl and Emily Knobloch

David H. Koch 

Robert and Arlene Kogod

Lt. Col. and Mrs. William K. Konze

The Korea Foundation

Kovler Foundation

Kraft Foods

The Kresge Foundation

Constance and Harvey Krueger

B.Y. Lam Foundation

Land O’Lakes, Inc.

Lannan Foundation

Debra L. Lee, Quinn S. Coleman, 

Ava L. Coleman

Dale L. LeFebvre

Samuel J. and Ethel LeFrak

Robert Lehrman

The Lemelson Foundation

Thelma and Melvin Lenkin 

Barbara Riley Levin

Edith S. and Arthur J. Levin

Frank Levinson Family Foundation

Leon Levy Foundation

Loida Nicolas Lewis, Leslie Malaika Lewis and 

Christina Lewis Halpern

The Reginald F. Lewis Foundation, Inc.

Rod Lewis and Family

Life Technologies Corporation

Life Technologies Foundation

Lilly Endowment Inc.

The Links Foundation, Incorporated

Lockheed Martin Corporation

Jeffrey H. Loria

Los Alamos National Laboratory Foundation

Jon and Lillian Lovelace

Lower Manhattan Development Corporation

Lowe’s Companies, Inc.

The Henry Luce Foundation

Peter and Paula Lunder

 The Lunder Foundation

The Elizabeth Carolyn Lux Foundation

The John D. and 

Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation

Victor and Thaderine MacFarlane and Family

Elizabeth and Whitney MacMillan

Barbara and Morton Mandel 

Richard and Jane Manoogian Foundation

Christian L. and Edna M. March

Nancy and Edwin Marks

Alice S. Marriott Lifetime Trust/

The J. Willard and Alice S. Marriott Foundation

Frank and Susan Mars

Jacqueline B. Mars

John and Adrienne Mars

Mars, Incorporated

The Mashantucket Pequot Tribal Nation

Margery and Edgar Masinter

Colin and Leslie Masson

Bruce R. McCaw Family Foundation

McDonald’s Corporation

Rose A. McElrath-Slade

Nan Tucker McEvoy

Nion McEvoy

MCI WorldCom

James L. and Juliette McNeil

Medtronic Foundation

The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation

Merrill Lynch & Co. Foundation, Inc.

Barry and Wendy Meyer Foundation

MGM Resorts International

Microsoft Corporation

Michael and Lori Milken

Gus and Deanne Miller and Family

Mitsubishi Corporation

Sidney Mobell

DISTINGUISHED BENEFACTORS Recognizing our most generous donors in perpetuity

DISTINGUISHED 

BENEFACTORS

Anonymous

3M 

AAA

AARP

Charles Francis Adams

Hugh Trumbull Adams

M. Clay Adams

Rodney and Michelle Adkins

A+E Networks

Aetna Foundation, Inc.

Aflac Incorporated

The Aga Khan Trust for Culture

Lee and Elizabeth Ainslie

Airbus

Alaska Airlines

Alcoa

Alfred Street Baptist Church

Basil H. Alkazzi

Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Incorporated

Altria Group

American Airlines

American Chemical Society

American Express

American International Group, Inc. (AIG)

American Public Transportation Association

American Road & Transportation Builders 

Association

AMS Foundation for the Arts, Sciences 

and Humanities

Jahangir and Eleanor Amuzegar

Analytical Graphics, Inc.

William A. and Valerie E. Anders Foundation

Judy Hart Angelo and John M. Angelo and 

The Angelo Family

Anheuser-Busch Foundation

Apple, Inc.

Arcadia Fund

Art Research Foundation

Association of American Railroads

The Atlantic Philanthropies

Lily Auchincloss Foundation, Inc.

Autodesk

Herbert and Evelyn Axelrod

Bank of America 

Laura Barney

Barbara and Craig Barrett

Kenneth E. Behring Family

Martha and Faustino Bernadett

Max N. Berry

Jeff and MacKenzie Bezos

BlackRock

Barbara and James Block

Mary and Leigh B. Block

Bloomberg

Bloomberg Philanthropies

Winton M. “Red” Blount

Boeing 

Mary and David Boies

Bombardier

Mrs. Virginia O. Boochever

F. Otis Booth, Jr.

Agnes C. Bourne

Dr. and Mrs. T.B. Boyd III and Family

 The R.H. Boyd Company

Fleur Straus Bresler

 The Bresler Foundation

Diane and Hal Brierley

Mary and John F. Brock III

Brown Capital Management 

The Brown Foundation, Inc. of Houston

Hildegard Bruck and Alfred Egerter

Kobe and Vanessa Bryant Family Foundation

Bente and Gerald E. Buck

Dr. Peter Buck

The Emil Buehler Trust

The Ronald Burkle Family Foundation 

William A. Burleson

Burroughs Wellcome Fund 

The Morris and Gwendolyn Cafritz Foundation

Hacker and Kitty Caldwell

Margaret A. Cargill Philanthropies

Susan and Jim Cargill 

 Meghann and Patrick Harker

 Christian Harker

Carnival Corporation

The E. Rhodes & 

Leona B. Carpenter Foundation

Maverick Carter

Amita and Purnendu Chatterjee

Kenneth I. and Kathryn Chenault

The Chickasaw Nation

CIGNA

CITI

A. James and Alice B. Clark Foundation

Joe Clark

Linda and Pete Claussen

Clear Channel Media and Entertainment

The Coca-Cola Company

David A. and Mary Ann H. Cofrin 

The Ryna and Melvin Cohen Family Foundation

Dr. N. Anthony and Mrs. Robyn Coles

Sara and Bruce Collette

The Comer Foundation

Joseph and Robert Cornell Memorial Foundation

Wallace H. Coulter Foundation

Ted and Marian Craver

Lee H. Cruse Trust

Elissa F. and Edgar M. Cullman, Jr.

Mr. and Mrs. Joseph F. Cullman, 3rd

Jeffrey P. Cunard

The Daniels Fund

Peggy and Richard M. Danziger

Richard Darman

Marcel and Serge Dassault

Florence Coulson Davis

Michael and Susan Dell

The Delta Air Lines Foundation

Luisita L. and Franz H. Denghausen

Dick and Betsy DeVos Family Foundation

Bern Dibner

Frances K. Dibner and the Dibner Family

Jim and Janet Dicke 

Valerie and Charles Diker 

Discover Financial Services, Inc.

Discovery, Inc.

Ralph L. and Patricia R. Dixon

Patricia C. Dodge

Dagmar Dolby

Donald J. and Helen D. Douglass

Andreas C. Dracopoulos

Draper

DuPont

The Eberly Family Trust

Dorothy E. Ebersbach

Farhad and Mary Ebrahimi

EDS

Anne and Joel Ehrenkranz

EMC Corporation

Anne and Travis Engen

Joseph Manfred Ennis

John L. and Margot P. Ernst

Charles H. Ettl

Mr. and Mrs. Thomas M. Evans

Mr. and Mrs. Thomas M. Evans, Jr.

Sandra J. Evers-Manly

The Executive Leadership Council, Inc.

Exelon Foundation

ExxonMobil

FedEx Corporation

Roger W. Ferguson, Jr. and Annette L. Nazareth

Ferring Pharmaceuticals

The Fertilizer Institute

Nancy B. and Hart Fessenden

Sakurako and William Fisher Family

Barbara G. Fleischman

The Lee and Juliet Folger Fund

Ford Foundation

Ford Motor Company Fund

Martha Parks Forrest

Sidney E. Frank Foundation

Peter and Cathy Halstead 

Andréa and Kenneth Frazier

DISTINGUISHED BENEFACTORS The Distinguished Benefactors Room in the Smithsonian Castle honors our 

most generous donors, whose gifts total $1 million or more, and foundations 

and corporations, which have made one-time gifts of the same amount.
64 DISTINGUISHED BENEFACTORS Recognizing our most generous donors in perpetuity 65

The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Saudi Aramco

Mr. and Mrs. B. Francis Saul II

Lloyd G. and Betty A. Schermer

SC Johnson

Nina and Ivan Selin

Seneca Nation of Indians

Shell

Frank B. and Faye Sherry

Andrew and Anya Shiva

Shirley Phillips Sichel

Sigma Pi Phi Fraternity/Boulé Foundation

Charles and Lisa Simonyi Fund 

for Arts and Sciences

Simons Foundation

Paul Singer

Sketch Foundation

Bill and Tish Slattery & 

the Slattery Family Foundation

Ted Slavin Family Foundation

Alfred P. Sloan Foundation

Albert and Shirley Small

Small World Institute Fund at 

Silicon Valley Community Foundation

Mr. and Mrs. Frederick W. Smith and Family

Robert Frederick Smith

Robert H. Smith Family Foundation

Smithsonian Networks

Soil Science Society of America

Guenther and Siewchin Yong Sommer

Southern Company Charitable Foundation, Inc.

Southwest Airlines

The Speedwell Foundation 

Michael and Jenny Messner and Family

Diana Davis Spencer Foundation

Alan and Terri Spoon

Earl W. and Amanda Stafford

The Starr Foundation

State Farm Insurance Companies

Stavros Niarchos Foundation

Margaret and Terry Stent

Stevenson Family Charitable Trust

Tom and Kitty Stoner

Patty Stonesifer and Michael Kinsley

Steve Stoute Family Trust 

Dr. and Mrs. Richard Sugden 

Sultan Qaboos Cultural Center

The Summit Fund of Washington

Kelso F. and Joanna L. Sutton

Target

Ambassador Nicholas F. Taubman 

and Mrs. Eugenia L. Taubman

Patrick F. Taylor Foundation

John Templeton Foundation

Suzanne and Michael E. Tennenbaum

Terra Foundation for American Art

Textron Inc.

Eugene V. and Clare E. Thaw Charitable Trust

Thermo Fisher Scientific

Tiffany & Co. Foundation

Time Warner Foundation

Timex Corporation

TOYOTA

TRW

Joe and Clara Tsai Foundation

Earl S. Tupper

Turner Foundation, Inc.

TWA

Mr. and Mrs. Steven F. Udvar-Hazy

Richard O. Ullman Family Foundation

United Airlines

UnitedHealth Group

United Parcel Service

United Soybean Board

United States Mint

United States Postal Service

United Technologies Corporation

The Upton Trust

Esme Usdan and James Snyder

Anne van Biema

Van Cleef & Arpels

Reginald Van Lee

Verizon

Verizon Foundation

Teodoro Vidal

The Commonwealth of Virginia

The Volgenau Foundation

VOLVO

Jean and Davis H. von Wittenburg

Lila Wallace-Reader’s Digest Fund

Walmart

The Walt Disney Company

The Walton Family Foundation

Warner Bros.

Ed and Jackie Warner

Janet M. and Laurence B. Watt

Wegmans Food Markets, Inc.

Craig and Diane Welburn and Family

Wells Fargo

Anthony and Beatrice Welters and the 

Vincent Wilkinson Foundation

Alexander and Annie B. Wetmore

Dr. Coralyn Wright Whitney

John and Barbara Wilkerson

Mike Wilkins and Sheila Duignan

Norman C. and Catherine M. Willcox

The Oprah Winfrey Charitable Foundation 

Harry Winston Hope Foundation, Inc.

Harry Winston Research Foundation, Inc.

 Ronald Winston

The World Bank

Robert L. Wright

Xerox Corporation

Zegar Family Foundation

Zoetis

Tina and Hamid Moghadam

The Mohegan Tribe of Indians of Connecticut

The A.P. Møller and 

Chastine Mc-Kinney Møller Foundation

John C. Molina

Josephine M. Molina

Therese and J. Mario Molina

Monsanto 

The Moore Charitable Foundation

 Louis Bacon

The Claude Moore Charitable Foundation

Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation

Mark & Brenda Moore and Family

Morgan Stanley

Lester S. and Enid W. Morse 

Susan and Furman Moseley

Motorola Foundation

Robert O. Muller

NAMM - International Music Products 

Association

National Asphalt Pavement Association

National Association of Realtors

National Basketball Association

National Basketball Players Association 

Foundation

National Business Aviation Association, Inc. 

National Football League 

National Mining Association

National Stone, Sand & Gravel Association

Nationwide Foundation

Paul Neely

Nancy Brown Negley

LeRoy Neiman Foundation

H. Duane Nelson

New York Life

NIKE Foundation

The Nippon Foundation

Nissan North America, Inc.

Nordic Council of Ministers

Northrop Grumman Corporation

NYSE Foundation

Occidental Chemical Corporation

Ocean Conservancy

Oceans 5

Carroll O’Connor and Nancy Fields O’Connor

Omega Psi Phi Fraternity, Incorporated

Oneida Indian Nation (New York)

Timothy and Linda O’Neill

Yoko Ono

Orkin Exterminating Company, Inc.

Bernard and Barbro Osher

Lynn Roseman Owen 

The David and Lucile Packard Foundation

Russell E. and Wendy Palmer

Mary and John Pappajohn

Richard D. and Laura A. Parsons

Pearson Foundation

Paul Peck

The PepsiCo Foundation

Tyler Perry

Peterson Family Foundation

John L. Peterson

The Pew Charitable Trusts

William F. Pickard Family Group

Pioneer Electronics (USA), Inc.

Pitney Bowes Inc.

Robert W. Pittman

The John L. Plueger Family

Poor Richard’s Charitable Trust

Colin and Alma Powell

The Principal Financial Group

J.B. and M.K. Pritzker Family Foundation

Prudential Financial 

The Prudential Foundation

Pucci Family Foundation

PwC Charitable Foundation, Inc.

Jack and Marjorie Rachlin

Franklin D. Raines and Denise Grant

Ralph Lauren Corporation

Rasmuson Foundation

Raytheon Company

Reve Foundation

Donald W. Reynolds Foundation

The Rhimes Family Foundation

Rice Family Foundation

Si and Betty Robin

Robinson Helicopter Company

Sara Roby Foundation

Arthur and Toni Rembe Rock

David Rockefeller

The Rockefeller Foundation

Rolex

Rolls-Royce

Samuel G. Rose and Julie Walters

Susan and Elihu Rose

Arthur Ross Foundation

Valerie and Jack Rowe

David M. Rubenstein

Walter and Lucille Rubin

Arthur M. Sackler

Arthur M. Sackler Foundation

Dr. Elizabeth Sackler/

The Arthur M. Sackler Foundation 

Else Sackler

Dame Jillian Sackler, D.B.E.

Dame Jillian & Dr. Arthur M. Sackler Foundation 

for the Arts, Sciences & Humanities

John and Joy Safer 

Sage Foundation

John and Ginger Sall

Jesse Ormond Sanderson, Jr. and 

Robert Keith Black

Roger and Victoria Sant 

Deborah Sara Santana

DISTINGUISHED BENEFACTORS Recognizing our most generous donors in perpetuity
FINANCIAL REPORT Fiscal Year Ending Sept. 30, 2018 67

Financial Report

2018 2017

Operating Revenue 1,564 1,514 

Operating Expenses 1,483 1,454

Increase in Operating Net Assets 81 60 

Increase (Decrease) in Other Net Assets 96 93 

Total Increase in Net Assets 177 153

Financial Activities 

In millions of dollars, FY 2018 and FY 2017 

Total Funds

Trust Federal 2018 2017

Assets 3,048 2,129 5,177 4,890

Liabilities 340 676 1,016 906

Net Assets 2,708 1,453 4,161 3,984

Financial Position 

In millions of dollars, FY 2018 and FY 2017 

Growth in Net Assets

In millions of dollars, over five years

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018 $4,161

$3,588

$3,639

$3,831 

 $3,984 

■ Federal Appropriations

■ Contributions & Private Grants

■ Government Grants & Contracts

■ Endowment Payout

■ Other

■ Business Activities

Revenue

In percent, FY 2018

The Smithsonian receives funding from federal government 

appropriations, other governmental entities and private sources. 

Public dollars conserve national collections, sustain basic research, 

educate the public, provide for administrative and support 

services and operate, maintain and protect the Smithsonian 

museum and research complex. Private funds leverage federal 

dollars and provide the critical difference for carrying out 

innovative research, developing and building new facilities, 

opening groundbreaking exhibitions, reaching out to America’s 

diverse communities, endowing positions and strengthening 

national collections. The 2018 annual audit was conducted by 

KPMG LLP and is available at si.edu/about/policies.

55.6%

12.5%

7.5%

4.9%

7.7%

11.7% ■ Salaries & Benefits

■ Other Operating Expenses

■ Business Activities

■ Capital Expenses

Expenses

In percent, FY 2018

49.2%

26.4%

8.4%

16.0%

The Smithsonian was created by an act of Congress in 1846 

in accordance with the terms of the will of James Smithson of 

England, who in 1826 bequeathed his property to the United 

States of America “to found at Washington, under the name of 

the Smithsonian Institution, an establishment for the increase and 

diffusion of knowledge.” After receiving the property and accepting 

the trust, Congress vested responsibility for administering the trust 

in the Smithsonian Board of Regents. It consists of the Chief Justice 

of the United States, the Vice President of the United States, three 

members of the United States Senate, three members of the 

United States House of Representatives and nine citizens.

John Boozman

Senator from Arkansas

Patrick J. Leahy

Senator from Vermont

David Perdue

Senator from Georgia

Tom Cole

Representative from Oklahoma

Sam Johnson

Representative from Texas

Doris Matsui

Representative from California

Barbara M. Barrett

Citizen of Arizona

John Fahey

Citizen of Washington, D.C.

Roger W. Ferguson, Jr.

Citizen of Washington, D.C.

Michael Govan

Citizen of California

Risa J. Lavizzo-Mourey

Citizen of Pennsylvania

Michael M. Lynton

Citizen of New York

John W. McCarter, Jr.

Citizen of Illinois

 —

Porter N. Wilkinson 

Chief of Staff to the Regents 

Cathy Helm 

Inspector General 

Wendy W. Dayton

Vin Di Bona

Maria Luisa Ferré

Trevor F. Fetter

Sakurako D. Fisher

Julie A. Flynn

Brenda J. Gaines

William J. Galloway

Ronald Gidwitz

Rick Goings

Myra M. Hart

Nancy Hogan

Michele J. Hooper

Jennifer Walston Johnson

Dennis J. Keller

Jonathan M. Kemper

Paul G. Koontz

Dale L. LeFebvre

Cheryl Winter Lewy

David M. Love

Jacqueline B. Mars

Thomas D. McCloskey, Jr.

Kevin M. McGovern

Charles W. Moorman

Jahm Najafi

Sarah E. Nash

Denise O'Leary

Jorge G. Puente

G. Jeffrey Records, Jr.

Kenneth C. Ricci

John C. Ryan

Fredericka O. Stevenson

Diana S. Strandberg

Michael E. Tennenbaum

John K. Tsui

Robert H. Tuttle

L. John Wilkerson

HONORARY MEMBERS

Robert McCormick Adamst

William S. Anderson

Max N. Berry

L. Hardwick Caldwell III

G. Wayne Clough

Frank A. Daniels, Jr.

Patricia Frost

Jean B. Mahoney

Paul Neely

Sandra Day O'Connor

Wilbur L. Ross, Jr.

Lloyd G. Schermer

Frank A. Weil

Gay Firestone Wray

Membership year 2018 

t Deceased

Smithsonian National Board 

The Smithsonian-wide volunteer advisory board advises 

the Secretary and other Smithsonian leaders, acts as an 

ambassador for the Smithsonian in communities across the 

country and sets an example of philanthropic leadership that 

inspires giving in others.

Through its 49 members and 187 alumni, the National Board 

volunteers also serve the Smithsonian by contributing their 

advice and service through committees and ad hoc working 

groups. In 2018, 26 members and alumni served on 16 

Smithsonian advisory boards and as non-Regent members 

of committees of the Board of Regents. Their extraordinary 

commitment to philanthropy is shown through gifts totaling 

$9.61 million. This figure includes $1.89 million in unrestricted 

board annual giving.

LEADERSHIP

Robert D. MacDonald, Chair

Edward R. Hintz, Vice Chair

Allan R. Landon, Vice Chair

Philip K. Ryan, Vice Chair

The Chief Justice of the 

United States

Ex officio, Chancellor

David M. Rubenstein

Citizen of Maryland, Chair

Steve Case

Citizen of Virginia, Vice Chair

The Vice President of 

the United States

Ex officio

In fiscal year 2018

Board of Regents 

MEMBERS

Rodney C. Adkins

Gordon M. Ambacht

Lisa V. Bennett

William H. Bohnett

John F. Brock III

Cissel Gott Collins, Ex officio

Roger W. Crandall

Edgar M. Cullman, Jr.

66 LEADERSHIP Smithsonian Institution
68 PHILANTHROPY REPORT Fiscal Year Ending Sept. 30, 2018 69

Philanthropy Report

8%

27%

62%

3%

■ $121.1 Individuals

■ 52.7 Corporations

■ 16.5 Foundations

■ 5.9 Other

 196.2 Total (in millions)

■ $89.6 Exhibitions, Education & Public Programs

■ 54.4 Museums & Research Centers, 

 General Support

■ 23.4 Smithsonian General Support

■ 10.6 Facilities & Public Spaces

■ 9.9 Research

■ 8.3 Acquisitions & Collections

196.2 Total (in millions)

Funds Raised by Source Funds Raised by Purpose

46%

28%

5%

12%

5% 4%

This report gratefully acknowledges the transformative 

generosity of our donors. Thousands of individuals, members, 

foundations, corporations and others have made gifts to the 

Smithsonian this year. Every gift advances the Institution’s 

ambitious vision to discover new knowledge and educate and 

inspire future generations. These charts provide information 

on the sources and uses of private dollars contributed to the 

Smithsonian in fiscal year 2018.

ENDOWMENT REPORT Fiscal Year Ending Sept. 30, 2018

22%

7%

19%

7%

28%

17%

Trailing 1 Year 3 Years 5 Years 10 Years

Smithsonian Endowment 10.3% 9.8% 8.2% 7.8%

Policy Benchmark 6.9% 8.1% 5.3% 5.5%

Endowment Report

The Smithsonian’s first endowment dates to 1846, underscoring 

the Institution’s focus on the long term. The Endowment’s value 

on Sept. 30, 2018, was $1,601.8 million, and its return for fiscal 

year 2018 was 10.3 percent. Contributors to the Endowment’s 

performance were investments in venture capital, private equity 

and real estate as well as selection of investment managers. In 

fiscal year 2018, receipts from gifts and bequests added $43.8 

million to the Endowment while contributing $71.8 million in 

payout. Since 2005, investment gains and gifts were $1,598.5 

million. In the same period, the Endowment has contributed 

$753.1 million in private support for Smithsonian-wide programs. 

■ Global Equity

■ Emerging Markets

■ Marketable Alternatives

■ Fixed Income & Cash

■ Private Equity & Venture Capital

■ Real Assets

Current Asset Allocation

As of FY 2018

Endowment Value Over Time

1974-2018

Comparative Performance 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985

198619871988198919901991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018

400

200

600

800

1,000

1,200

1,400

1,600

Since September 1974, the endowment 

has produced a 9.6 percent 

compounded annual growth rate

$ Millions

September 1974, $28.0 million

September 2018, $1,601.8 million
70 SMITHSONIAN 71 | 2018 Smithsonian Institution

ADMINISTRATION

David J. Skorton

Secretary

John Davis 

Provost and Under Secretary for 

Museums, Education, and Research 

Mike McCarthy 

Acting Under Secretary for 

Finance & Administration, 

Chief Operating Officer

Patricia L. Bartlett

Associate Provost for 

Education and Access

Robert J. Spiller

Assistant Secretary for Advancement

Julissa Marenco Otero

Assistant Secretary for 

Communications and External Affairs

Gregory R. Bettwy

Chief of Staff to the Secretary

Judith Leonard

General Counsel

Era L. Marshall

Director, Office of Equal 

Employment and Minority Affairs

To contact staff members listed 

above, call 202.633.1000.

MUSEUMS

Anacostia Community Museum

Lisa Sasaki, Interim Director

1901 Fort Place, S.E.

Washington, D.C. 20020-3230

202.633.4839

Arts and Industries Building 

Rachel Goslins, Director

MRC 016, Box 37012

Washington, D.C. 20013-7012

202.633.6263

Cooper Hewitt, Smithsonian 

Design Museum

Caroline Baumann, Director

2 East 91st Street

New York, N.Y. 10128-0606

212.849.8400

Freer|Sackler

Chase F. Robinson, 

Dame Jillian Sackler Director 

MRC 707, P.O. Box 37012

Washington, D.C. 20013-7012

202.633.0456

Hirshhorn Museum and 

Sculpture Garden

Melissa Chiu, Director

MRC 350, P.O. Box 37012

Washington, D.C. 20013-7012

202.633.2824

National Air and Space 

Museum and the Steven F. 

Udvar-Hazy Center

Ellen Stofan, John and Adrienne 

Mars Director

MRC 310, P.O. Box 37012

Washington, D.C. 20013-7012

202.633.2350

National Museum of African 

American History and Culture

Lonnie G. Bunch III, Founding 

Director

MRC 1400, P.O. Box 37012

Washington, D.C. 20013-7012

202.633.4751

National Museum of African Art

Gus Casely-Hayford, Director

MRC 708, P.O. Box 37012

Washington, D.C. 20013-7012

202.633.4610

National Museum of American 

History, Kenneth E. Behring 

Center

Anthea M. Hartig, Elizabeth 

MacMillan Director

MRC 622, P.O. Box 37012

Washington, D.C. 20013-7012

202.633.3435

National Museum 

of the American Indian

Kevin Gover, Director

MRC 590, P.O. Box 37012

Washington, D.C. 20013-7012

202.633.6700

National Museum of 

Natural History

Kirk Johnson, Sant Director

MRC 106, P.O. Box 37012

Washington, D.C. 20013-7012

202.633.2664

National Portrait Gallery

Kim Sajet, Director

MRC 973, P.O. Box 37012

Washington, D.C. 20013-7012

202.633.8276

National Postal Museum

Elliot Gruber, Director

MRC 570, P.O. Box 37012

Washington, D.C. 20013-7012

202.633.5500

WAYS TO GIVE si.edu/giving

Ways to Give

Generations of donors have brought the 

Smithsonian to where it is today. In a 

rapidly changing world, the Smithsonian 

matters more than ever as a force for 

civic engagement in America that reaches 

people where they are. Your gifts power 

our impact. 

The Smithsonian Academy 

The recognition society for the 

Smithsonian’s most generous donors is 

open to individuals who give $1 million or 

more to Smithsonian museums, research 

centers and programs. Smithsonian 

Academy members’ generosity enables 

the institution to thrive and continue to 

diffuse knowledge across the nation 

and around the world. They participate in 

one-of-a-kind opportunities and explore 

the ideas, discoveries and new knowledge 

that make the Smithsonian a vibrant 

national treasure. To learn more, please 

contact Charlotte Gaither, Director of 

Constituent Engagement, at 202.633.8294 

or smithsonianacademy@si.edu.

Membership 

With members from across the nation, 

the Friends of the Smithsonian and 

James Smithson Society provide support 

for the institution’s mission and strategic 

plan priorities. Those who join may enjoy 

a wide variety of benefits and events. 

Annual membership levels range from 

$75 to $25,000 and above. 

To learn more, contact 800.931.3226, 

membership@si.edu or visit

si.edu/onlinemember. 

Many individual Smithsonian museums 

and research centers offer their own 

memberships. To learn more, visit the 

website of the museum that interests you. 

Gift Planning

Those who provide for the Smithsonian 

through their estate plans or life income 

gifts build a strong future for the institution. 

Smithsonian Legacy Society members are 

kept well informed of the latest exhibitions, 

programs and scientific discoveries and 

have exclusive opportunities to participate 

in member-only events.

To learn more, contact 888.419.7584, 

legacy@si.edu or visit legacy.si.edu. 

Corporate Memberships 

and Sponsorships 

Corporations play a vital philanthropic 

role in today’s Smithsonian. We welcome 

corporate engagement and offer 

membership through the Smithsonian 

Corporate Membership Program. 

Contact us to learn more about how a 

Smithsonian partnership can complement 

your corporate objectives. 

To learn more, contact 202.633.0016, 

scmp@si.edu or visit si.edu/corporate. 

Online Giving 

Donating to the Smithsonian online 

is fast, easy and secure. Make your tax 

deductible gift at: si.edu/onlinegiving.

For Further Information 

To learn how you can support the 

Smithsonian and its dynamic mission 

“for the increase and diffusion of 

knowledge,” please contact: 

Robert J. Spiller

Assistant Secretary for Advancement, 

Office of Advancement 

Smithsonian Institution 

1000 Jefferson Drive S.W., Room 124 

MRC 027, P.O. Box 37012 

Washington, D.C. 20013-7012 

202.633.4300

giving@si.edu | si.edu/giving

National Zoological Park

Steve Monfort, 

John and Adrienne Mars Director

3001 Connecticut Avenue, N.W.

Washington, D.C. 20008

202.633.4442

Smithsonian American Art 

Museum and Renwick Gallery

Stephanie Stebich, 

The Margaret and Terry Stent Director

MRC 970, P.O. Box 37012

Washington, D.C. 20013-7012

202.633.8430

RESEARCH CENTERS 

Archives of American Art

Kate Haw, Director

MRC 937, P.O. Box 37012

Washington, D.C. 20013-7012

202.633.7940

Center for Folklife and 

Cultural Heritage

Michael Atwood Mason, Director

MRC 520, P.O. Box 37012

Washington, D.C. 20013-7012

202.633.1141

Museum Conservation Institute

Robert J. Koestler, Director

4210 Silver Hill Road

Suitland, Md. 20746-2863

301.238.1205

Smithsonian Astrophysical 

Observatory

Charles R. Alcock, Director

60 Garden Street

Cambridge, Mass. 02138

617.495.7100

Smithsonian Conservation 

Biology Institute

Steve Monfort, John and Adrienne 

Mars Director

1500 Remount Road

Front Royal, Va. 22630

540.635.6522

Smithsonian Environmental 

Research Center

Anson H. Hines, Jr., Director

647 Contees Wharf Road

Edgewater, Md. 21037

443.482.2208

Smithsonian Institution Archives

Tammy Peters, Acting Director

MRC 507, P.O. Box 37012

Washington, D.C. 20013-7012

202.633.5908

Smithsonian Libraries

Nancy E. Gwinn, Director

MRC 154, P.O. Box 37012

Washington, D.C. 20013-7012

202.633.2240

Smithsonian Tropical Research 

Institute (Panama)

Matthew Larsen, Director

9100 Panama City Place

Washington, D.C. 20521-9100

011.507.212.8086

EDUCATION AND OUTREACH

Office of Fellowships 

and Internships

Eric Woodard, Director

MRC 902, P.O. Box 37012

Washington, D.C. 20013-7012

202.633.7070

Smithsonian Affiliations

Myriam Springuel, Director

MRC 942, P.O. Box 37012

Washington, D.C. 20013-7012

202.633.5300

Smithsonian Asian Pacific 

American Center

Lisa Sasaki, Director

MRC 516, P.O. Box 37012

Washington, D.C. 20013-7012

202.633.3590

Smithsonian Associates

Frederica Adelman, Director

MRC 701, P.O. Box 23293

Washington, D.C. 20026-3293

202.633.8628

Smithsonian Center for 

Learning and Digital Access

Stephanie L. Norby, Director

MRC 508, P.O. Box 37012

Washington, D.C. 20013-7012

202.633.5297

Smithsonian Institution 

Traveling Exhibition Service

Myriam Springuel, Director

MRC 941, P.O. Box 37012

Washington, D.C. 20013-7012

202.633.3137

Smithsonian Latino Center

Eduardo Díaz, Director

MRC 512, P.O. Box 37012

Washington, D.C. 20013-7012

202.633.1240

Smithsonian Science 

Education Center

Carol L. O’Donnell, Director

901 D Street S.W., Suite 704-B, MRC 952

Washington, D.C. 20024

202.633.2972

As of April 24, 2019
72

ADDITIONAL IMAGE CREDITS 

p. 16–17 PHOTO FRED W. MCDARRAH/CONTRIBUTOR/GETTY IMAGES

p. 19 PHOTO JASON DECROW/AP IMAGES

p. 21 Nancy Shia, Tenant Protest in Adams Morgan, 1978 

from A Right to the City, Anacostia Community Museum 

(April 21, 2018–April 20, 2020)

p. 22 David Best and the Temple Crew, Temple, 2018 

PHOTO RON BLUNT from No Spectators: The Art of Burning 

Man, Smithsonian American Art Museum’s Renwick Gallery 

(March 30, 2018–Jan. 21, 2019)

p. 23 PHOTO MONICA SOLANA ELIZONDO/JOHNSON & JOHNSON

p. 24 Northern Bobwhite Quail PHOTO GEORGE OHRSTROM II;

Citizen Scientists PHOTO KELSEY SCHOENEMANN

p. 25 PHOTOS RUDDY ROYE

p. 26–27 left to right: (12 am) NurPhoto/Contributor/Getty 

Images (1 am) Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden 

(2 am) Roshan Patel (3 am) NASA/JHU/APL (4 am) Tim Romano 

(5 am) Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory (6 am) Eric Long 

(7 am) Eric Long (8 am) Leah L. Jones (9 am) Tyrannosaurus 

rex (vertebra cast), U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Omaha 

District and the Museum of the Rockies, Montana State 

University PHOTO DONALD E. HURLBERT (10 am) Steve Vidler, 

Assyrian relief from Nimrud depicting chariots dated 728 B.C. 

PHOTO MAURITIUS IMAGES GMBH/ALAMY (11 am) Jaclyn Nash 

(12 pm) Tony Hitchcock (1 pm) Ben Hines (2 pm) Gary Cranitch/

Great Barrier Reef Foundation (3 pm) Gloria Baxevanis 

(4 pm) Leah L. Jones (5 pm) Jake Naughton (6 pm) Melba Brown 

(7 pm) Erin Schaff (8 pm) The Washington Post/Contributor 

(9 pm) Jaclyn Nash (10 pm) Kara Schumacher/Pasifika First Fridays 

(11 pm) Matailong Du

p. 28 Mark Bradford, Pickett’s Charge (The High-Water Mark)

(detail), 2016–2017. Courtesy of the artist and Hauser & Wirth 

© Mark Bradford PHOTO JOSHUA WHITE

p. 32 © 2019 The Isamu Noguchi Foundation and Garden 

Museum, New York/Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York

p. 34 National Museum of African American History 

and Culture

p. 38–39 From Japan Modern: Photography from the 

Gloria Katz and Willard Huyck Collection, Freer|Sackler 

(Sept. 29, 2018–Jan. 24, 2019): Tomatsu Shomei, Yokosuka, 

Kanagawa, detail, 1959; Fukase Masahisa, Koen Dori, 

Shibuya, detail, from the series Karasu (Ravens), 1982; 

Fukase Masahisa, Seikan Ferryboat, detail, from the series 

Karasu (Ravens), 1976; Ueda Shoji, Boku to Neko (The Cat 

and Me), detail, c. 1950; Ueda Shoji, My Wife on the Dunes,

detail, c. 1950; Hosoe Eikoh, Kamaitachi #23, detail, 1963

p. 40 Portrait of Jalal al_Din Mirza, son of Fath-Ali Shah,

attributed to Abu’l-Hasan Ghaffari, Sani’ al-Mulk, AH 1275 

(May 1859). Purchase—Friends of the Freer and Sackler Galleries, 

Freer|Sackler from The Prince and the Shah: Royal Portraits 

from Qajar Iran, Freer|Sackler (Feb. 24–Aug. 5, 2018). Whitney 

Flame Topaz. Gift of Coralyn Wright Whitney, National 

Museum of Natural History PHOTO JUAN CARLOS BRICENO

p. 41 Rendering of the revitalized Destination Moon gallery 

slated to open in 2021, National Air and Space Museum. 

ITWÉ Collective, Manifestipi, installation, courtesy ITWÉ 

and Collection Majudia PHOTO JOSHUA VODA from Manifestipi, 

National Museum of the American Indian (Feb. 3–March 25, 2018). 

Do Ho Suh: Almost Home, installation, Smithsonian American 

Art Museum (March 16–Aug. 5, 2018) PHOTO LIBBY WEILER

p. 42 Harvey Pratt (Cheyenne and Arapaho Tribes of Oklahoma), 

winning design chosen for the National Native American 

Veterans Memorial 

p. 46 Constance Stuart Larrabee Collection, Eliot Elisofon 

Photographic Archives, National Museum of African Art: 

South African Woman, Johannesburg, South Africa, 1948 

(EEPA 1998-061750); Mother and Children, Johannesburg, 

South Africa, 1947–48 (EEPA 1998-061893); unknown 

photographer, Constance Stuart Larrabee and friend, 

Pretoria, South Africa, 1936–1949 (EEPA 1998-060852).

p. 47 Unknown photographer, Anacostia Neighborhood 

Museum Youth Advisory Council, courtesy Anacostia 

Community Museum Archives from Your Community, 

Your Story: Celebrating Five Decades of the Anacostia 

Community Museum, 1967–2017, Anacostia Community 

Museum (Sept. 15, 2017–Jan. 6, 2019). Unknown photographer, 

Marcel Duchamp, c. 1960, Archives of American Art 

p. 50 Welcome Spike, National Zoo and Conservation 

Biology Institute. Dru Drury, Illustrations of Natural History, 

1777–1782, B. White, London from Dazzling Diversity: 

The Insect World, Smithsonian Libraries (Aug. 8, 2017–

Sept. 30, 2018). Red-Eyed Tree Frog (agalychnis callidryas) 

PHOTO ROSHAN PATEL

p. 51 George Catlin, Buffalo Bull, Grazing on the Prairie, 

1832–1833, gift of Mrs. Joseph Harrison, Jr., Smithsonian 

American Art Museum. Thomas Sattler, dog-faced 

bat (cynomops freemani), 2018, Smithsonian Tropical 

Research Institute. Arthur and Alan Singer, Alabama, 

approved stamp art, United States Postal Service, 

Postmaster General’s Collection from Beautiful Blooms: 

Flowering Plants on Stamps, National Postal Museum 

(Oct. 20, 2017–July 14, 2019)

p. 56 Baselitz: Six Decades, installation, Hirshhorn Museum 

and Sculpture Garden (June 21–Sept. 16, 2018). PHOTO 

CATHY CARVER

p. 57 Hito Steyerl, How Not to Be Seen: A Fucking Didactic 

Educational .MOV File, 2013. Courtesy of artist from 

The Message: New Media, Hirshhorn Museum and 

Sculpture Garden (Nov. 18, 2017–Sept. 23, 2018)

p. 60 Oscar Bluemner, The dance of factory life, etc., etc., 

ca. 1930; Oscar Bluemner papers, 1886–1939, 1960, 

Archives of American Art from Off the Beaten Track: 

A Road Trip through the Archives of American Art,

Lawrence A. Fleischman Gallery (Dec. 8, 2017–

June 3, 2018). Dennis Lyall, 32¢ Grand Canyon, stamp 

art, inspired by a pre-1920 photograph by Putnam 

and Valentine; loan from United States Postal Service, 

Postmaster General’s Collection from Trailblazing: 

100 Years of Our National Parks, National Postal Museum 

(June 9, 2016–March 3, 2019). Takeuchi Seihō, Mt. Fuji,

from the series Seihō’s Masterworks, 1937 (Showa era); 

Robert O. Muller Collection, Freer|Sackler from 

Japan Modern: Prints in the Age of Photography at 

Freer|Sackler (Sept. 29, 2018–Jan. 24, 2019)

p. 61 Elaine de Kooning, Self-Portrait, 1968; Ruth Bowman 

and Harry Kahn Twentieth-Century American Self-Portrait 

Collection © Elaine de Kooning Trust from Eye to I: 

Self-Portraits from 1900 to Today, National Portrait Gallery 

(Nov. 2, 2018–Aug. 18, 2019). James Penney, Sketchbook, 193-; 

James Penney papers, 1913–1984, Archives of American 

Art from Off the Beaten Track: A Road Trip Through the 

Archives of American Art, Lawrence A. Fleischman Gallery 

(Dec. 8, 2017–June 3, 2018). Emilie Gossiaux, Drawing, 2017; 

lent by Emilie Gossiaux from Access+Ability, Cooper Hewitt, 

Smithsonian Design Museum (Dec. 15, 2017–Sept. 3, 2018)

p. 64 Milton Glaser, Aretha Franklin, detail, 1968. 

National Portrait Gallery © Milton Glaser. In honor of 

Aretha Franklin, the “Queen of Soul,” who passed 

away on August 16, 2018, at the age of seventy-six. 

Jeffrey Veregge, Of Gods and Heroes (detail), 2018 

© 2018 Marvel from Jeffrey Veregge: Of Gods and 

Heroes, National Museum of the American Indian–

New York, the George Gustav Heye Center (Oct. 6, 

2018–Oct. 13, 2019). Lynette Yiadom-Boakye, Womanology 

12, 2014; museum purchase, National Museum of African 

Art PHOTO FRANKO KHOURY from Visionary: Viewpoints 

on Africa’s Arts, National Museum of African Art 

(Nov. 4, 2017–ongoing) 

p. 65 Lee Simonson, Lee Simonson Self-Portrait, c. 1912; 

gift of Karl and Jody Simonson, National Portrait Gallery, 

and Fritz Scholder, Self Portrait with Grey Cat, 2003, 

National Portrait Gallery from Eye to I: Self-Portraits from 

1900 to Today, National Portrait Gallery (Nov. 2, 2018–

Aug. 18, 2019). Ferdinand Hodler, Femme en Extase 

(Woman in Ecstasy), 1911; Ville de Genève, Musées d’art 

et d’histoire from Portraits of the World: Switzerland,

National Portrait Gallery (Dec. 15, 2017–Nov. 12, 2018) 

p. 70 Sean Scully: Landline, installation, Hirshhorn Museum 

and Sculpture Garden (Sept. 13, 2018–Feb. 3, 2019) 

PHOTO CATHY CARVER

Smithsonian 2018 is published by the 

Smithsonian Office of Advancement, 

available online at go.si.edu/smithsonian2018 

Laura Hambleton

Editor 

Elizabeth McNeely

Managing Editor

Dawn Cunningham, Michelle Donahue, 

Laura Hambleton, Julia Ross, Linda Schmidt, 

Writers 

Lisa Sherman

Contributing Editor

Denise Arnot, Marcela Luna

Design 

Abigail Croll

Design Assistant

Photo Research, Rights & Reproduction

Printed by Mosaic, Cheverly, Md.

Printed on FSC- and SFI-certified recycled paper 

containing 10 percent post-consumer waste

SMITHSONIAN | 2018
Román, Caja de Memoria Viva II, 2016. National 

Portrait Gallery. p. 63, Photographic History 

Collection, National Museum of American History. 

p. 64, Raymond Boyd, Run-D.M.C., n.d. National 

Museum of African American History and Culture 

© Raymond Boyd. p. 71, Neil Greentree. Freer 

Gallery of Art and Arthur M. Sackler Gallery.

The Smithsonian’s 2017 annual report is available 

online at go.si.edu/annualreport. 

Laura Hambleton, Editorial Direction 

Elizabeth McNeely, Managing Editor

Jean Bratman, Michelle Donahue, Laura Hambleton, 

Julia Ross, Writers 

Elizabeth Sherman, Contributing Editor

Abigail Croll, Photo Research, Rights and 

Reproduction

Denise Arnot, Marcela Luna, Visual Direction

Studio A, Design 

Printed on FSC- and SFI-certified recycled paper 

containing 10 percent post-consumer waste.

Back Cover: At the close of an 11-week run at the 

Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden, Yayoi 

Kusama’s The Obliteration Room was covered in 

polka-dot stickers, obliterating a once-white space. 

Visitors placed stickers throughout the room in an 

act of collective participation.

EDUCATION AND OUTREACH

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Washington, D.C. 20013-7012

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and Digital Access

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Exhibition Service

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Washington, D.C. 20013-7012

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202.633.2972

As of June 12, 2018

IMAGE CREDITS 

Front cover, Michelle LaVaughn Robinson Obama

by Amy Sherald, oil on linen, 2018. National Portrait 

Gallery. The National Portrait Gallery is grateful 

to the following lead donors for their support of 

the Obama portraits: Kate Capshaw and Steven 

Spielberg; Judith Kern and Kent Whealy; Tommie 

L. Pegues and Donald A. Capoccia. p. 4, Dominic 

Chavez, 2016. p. 5, left to right, Darren Miller, 2017; 

left column, top, J. Howard Miller, We Can Do It!,

c. 1942. National Museum of American History; 

bottom, Inge Hardison, Sojourner Truth. Gift of 

The Robbins Center in memory of Warren M. 

Robbins, Anacostia Community Museum; right 

column, top, Alta Shore Purdy, Eleanor Roosevelt, 

1958. Gift of the artist, National Portrait Gallery; 

bottom, Wenderoth, Taylor & Brown, Lucretia 

Coffin Mott, c. 1860 (printed later). National 

Portrait Gallery. p. 6, Anne Gordon de Barrigón, 

2017. p. 8, Mary Hagedorn. p. 9–10, Unknown. 

Family photos provided by Lisa Sasaki, director, 

Smithsonian Asian Pacific American Center. p. 11, 

Scherezade García, The Dominican York, from 

the series Island of Many Gods, 2006. Museum 

purchase made possible by the R.P. Whitty 

Company and the Cooperating Committee on 

Architecture, Smithsonian American Art Museum. 

p. 12, Alejandra Peña Gutierrez, 2017. p. 14, Irwin 

Rosado Green, 2017. p. 15, Ricky Altizer, 2018. p. 16, 

Kansas City Chiefs Button. Sports and Leisure 

Collection, National Museum of American History. 

p. 17, gifts of Lawrence Baca, National Museum 

of the American Indian unless otherwise noted: 

left column, top, Squaw Brand Choice Sifted 

Peas Label, c. 1920. Private collection; middle, 

Savage Arms Bullet Box, c. 1950; bottom, Indian 

Head Hydraulic Brake Fluid Can, c. 1955; middle 

column, top, Joe Waano-Gano, Western Air Lines 

and Inland Air Lines Flight Schedule, 1945. The 

Mitchell Wolfson, Jr. Collection, The Wolfsonian–

Florida International University, Miami Beach, FL; 

bottom, Powow Cleanser Supreme Box, c. 1955; 

right column, top, Hi Yu Apples Crate Label, c. 

1940. Private collection; middle, El Bubble Bubblegum Cigar Box, c. 1940; bottom, Cowboys and 

Indians Cookies Box, c. 1955. p. 18–22, illustrations 

by Greg Fisk. p. 19, Medallion, A.D. 379-395. Gift 

of Charles Lang Freer, Freer Gallery of Art and 

Arthur M. Sackler Gallery. p. 23, Roshan Patel. 

p. 26, Yayoi Kusama, The Obliteration Room, 

2017. Photo Cathy Carver. p. 39, Margaret Roach 

Wheeler (Chickasaw), The Messenger (The 

Owl), from the Mahotan Collection, 2014. Photo 

Greg Hall. Exhibited in Native Fashion Now at 

the National Museum of the American Indian, 

George Gustav Heye Center, Feb. 17–Sept. 4, 2017. 

p. 40, Blue Garden at Beacon Hill, Newport, RI, 

c. 1920. Archives of American Gardens, Garden 

Club of America Collection. p. 43, Matthew 

Mazzotta, Open House, 2011–13 © Shana Berger/

Coleman Center for the Arts. p. 44, Rosalia 

Torres-Weiner, Hispanics, the New Italians, 2015. 

Courtesy Cindy and Randy Rice, Anacostia 

Community Museum. p. 47, postcard distributed 

by the American Red Cross, c. 1918. Exhibited in 

My Fellow Soldiers: Letters from World War I, Apr. 

6, 2017–Nov. 29, 2018, National Postal Museum. 

p. 48, Todd McLellan, Bicycle, c. 1980. Exhibited 

in Things Come Apart, Smithsonian Institution 

Traveling Exhibition Service. p. 50, Solomon 

Osagie Alonge, Comfort (Merry) Oritsetimeyin 

Ehanire (née Cardigan) at age 18, c. 1940. Benin 

City, Benin, Nigeria. Chief S.O. Alonge Collection, 

National Museum of African Art. p. 52, Steve 

Sniteman. p. 53, Mark Avino. p. 55, Bob Thompson, 

exhibition catalog, 1937–1966. Bob Thompson 

papers, Archives of American Art. p. 56, Herman 

Leonard, Billie Holiday, 1949. National Portrait 

Gallery © Herman Leonard Photography, LLC. 

p. 59, Jeff Williams, Acanthurus albimento, 2017. 

National Museum of Natural History. p. 60, Adrián 

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COVER The Smithsonian Digital Program Office scanned in 3-D and rendered 

Smithsonian art and artifacts. To explore these and other objects, please visit 

3d.si.edu/browser.

1 Unidentified, Statuette of 

Mountain Lion or Panther 

Man God, “Key Marco 

Cat,” c. 700–1500 AD. Gift 

of Bureau of American 

Ethnology, University of 

Pennsylvania Museum 

and Frank H. Cushing, 

National Museum of 

Natural History

2 Massimiliano Ravenna, 

George Washington, 

1819, after Giuseppe 

Ceracchi, 1792. National 

Portrait Gallery, see p. 11

3 Kongo artist, Tusk, 

c. 1860. Museum 

purchase, National 

Museum of African Art

4 Coral (seriatopora 

hystrix), collected 

1838–1842, in the South 

Pacific Ocean, Fiji. 

National Museum of 

Natural History, see p. 11 

5 Unidentified, Lidded 

ewer (guang), probably 

middle Yangzi River 

Valley, c. 1100–1050 BCE. 

Gift of Eugene and 

Agnes E. Meyer, 

Freer|Sackler

6 Bell X-1, Glamorous 

Glennis,1946. National 

Air and Space Museum

7 Tyrannosaurus rex

(vertebra cast). U.S. 

Army Corps of Engineers, 

Omaha district and The 

Museum of the Rockies, 

Montana State University. 

Triceratops horridus

(composite cast), 

National Museum of 

Natural History, see p. 11

8 Unidentified, Kneeling 

monster, Northern Qi 

dynasty, c. 550–577. Gift 

of Charles Lang Freer, 

Freer|Sackler

9 Starfish (linckia 

laevigata), 1974. 

National Museum 

of Natural History

10 Coin, sang p'yong t'ong 

bo, Hojo Treasury 

Department, Korea, 

c. 1633–1891. National 

Museum of American 

History

11 Madam C.J. Walker’s 

Wonderful Hair Grower,

c. 1920. National 

Museum of African 

American History and 

Culture

12 Hiram Powers, Model 

of the Greek Slave, 1843. 

Museum purchase in 

memory of Ralph Cross 

Johnson, Smithsonian 

American Art Museum

13 Marine worm (polychaetes), collected in 

1976, New Jersey coast. 

National Museum of 

Natural History

14 Apollo 11 Command 

Module, Columbia, 1969. 

Transfer from NASA, 

National Air and 

Space Museum

15 Clark Mills, Andrew 

Jackson, 1855. Gift of 

Mr. and Mrs. John L. 

Sanders in memory of 

William Monroe Geer, 

National Portrait Gallery 

16 Geoffrey Holder, boots 

for the wizard in The Wiz,

c. 1977. Gift of the 

Black Fashion Museum 

founded by Lois K. 

Alexander-Lane, 

National Museum 

of African American 

History and Culture

17 Howard Martinez, 

baseball bat (high school 

shop class), c. 1970. 

National Museum of 

American History

18 Unidentified, Funerary 

Relief Bust, Syria, third 

century (dated 231 CE). 

Freer|Sackler 

19 Corals (goniastrea 

favulus), collected in 

1991, South Pacific 

Ocean, Australia. 

National Museum 

of Natural History

20 Neil Armstrong’s 

pressure suit, A7-L, 

worn during the Apollo 11 

mission, 1969. Transfer 

from NASA, National Air 

and Space Museum, 

see p. 10

21 Shrub ox (euceratherium 

cf. sinclairi), collected in 

1979, Carlsbad Caverns 

National Park, New Mexico. 

National Museum of 

Natural History 
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