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[Congressional Bills 106th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 249 Enrolled Bill (ENR)]

        S.249

                       One Hundred Sixth Congress

                                 of the

                        United States of America

                          AT THE FIRST SESSION

         Begun and held at the City of Washington on Wednesday,
   the sixth day of January, one thousand nine hundred and ninety-nine

                                 An Act

 
  To provide funding for the National Center for Missing and Exploited 
  Children, to reauthorize the Runaway and Homeless Youth Act, and for 
                             other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Missing, Exploited, and Runaway 
Children Protection Act''.
SEC. 2. NATIONAL CENTER FOR MISSING AND EXPLOITED CHILDREN.
    (a) Findings.--Section 402 of the Missing Children's Assistance Act 
(42 U.S.C. 5771) is amended--
        (1) in paragraph (7), by striking ``and'' at the end;
        (2) in paragraph (8), by striking the period at the end and 
    inserting a semicolon; and
        (3) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(9) for 14 years, the National Center for Missing and 
    Exploited Children has--
            ``(A) served as the national resource center and 
        clearinghouse congressionally mandated under the provisions of 
        the Missing Children's Assistance Act of 1984; and
            ``(B) worked in partnership with the Department of Justice, 
        the Federal Bureau of Investigation, the Department of the 
        Treasury, the Department of State, and many other agencies in 
        the effort to find missing children and prevent child 
        victimization;
        ``(10) Congress has given the Center, which is a private 
    nonprofit corporation, access to the National Crime Information 
    Center of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, and the National Law 
    Enforcement Telecommunications System;
        ``(11) since 1987, the Center has operated the National Child 
    Pornography Tipline, in conjunction with the United States Customs 
    Service and the United States Postal Inspection Service and, 
    beginning this year, the Center established a new CyberTipline on 
    child exploitation, thus becoming `the 911 for the Internet';
        ``(12) in light of statistics that time is of the essence in 
    cases of child abduction, the Director of the Federal Bureau of 
    Investigation in February of 1997 created a new NCIC child 
    abduction (`CA') flag to provide the Center immediate notification 
    in the most serious cases, resulting in 642 `CA' notifications to 
    the Center and helping the Center to have its highest recovery rate 
    in history;
        ``(13) the Center has established a national and increasingly 
    worldwide network, linking the Center online with each of the 
    missing children clearinghouses operated by the 50 States, the 
    District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico, as well as with Scotland 
    Yard in the United Kingdom, the Royal Canadian Mounted Police, 
    INTERPOL headquarters in Lyon, France, and others, which has 
    enabled the Center to transmit images and information regarding 
    missing children to law enforcement across the United States and 
    around the world instantly;
        ``(14) from its inception in 1984 through March 31, 1998, the 
    Center has--
            ``(A) handled 1,203,974 calls through its 24-hour toll-free 
        hotline (1-800-THE-LOST) and currently averages 700 calls per 
        day;
            ``(B) trained 146,284 law enforcement, criminal and 
        juvenile justice, and healthcare professionals in child sexual 
        exploitation and missing child case detection, identification, 
        investigation, and prevention;
            ``(C) disseminated 15,491,344 free publications to citizens 
        and professionals; and
            ``(D) worked with law enforcement on the cases of 59,481 
        missing children, resulting in the recovery of 40,180 children;
        ``(15) the demand for the services of the Center is growing 
    dramatically, as evidenced by the fact that in 1997, the Center 
    handled 129,100 calls, an all-time record, and by the fact that its 
    new Internet website (www.missingkids.com) receives 1,500,000 
    `hits' every day, and is linked with hundreds of other websites to 
    provide real-time images of breaking cases of missing children;
        ``(16) in 1997, the Center provided policy training to 256 
    police chiefs and sheriffs from 50 States and Guam at its new Jimmy 
    Ryce Law Enforcement Training Center;
        ``(17) the programs of the Center have had a remarkable impact, 
    such as in the fight against infant abductions in partnership with 
    the healthcare industry, during which the Center has performed 668 
    onsite hospital walk-throughs and inspections, and trained 45,065 
    hospital administrators, nurses, and security personnel, and 
    thereby helped to reduce infant abductions in the United States by 
    82 percent;
        ``(18) the Center is now playing a significant role in 
    international child abduction cases, serving as a representative of 
    the Department of State at cases under The Hague Convention, and 
    successfully resolving the cases of 343 international child 
    abductions, and providing greater support to parents in the United 
    States;
        ``(19) the Center is a model of public/private partnership, 
    raising private sector funds to match congressional appropriations 
    and receiving extensive private in-kind support, including advanced 
    technology provided by the computer industry such as imaging 
    technology used to age the photographs of long-term missing 
    children and to reconstruct facial images of unidentified deceased 
    children;
        ``(20) the Center was 1 of only 10 of 300 major national 
    charities given an A+ grade in 1997 by the American Institute of 
    Philanthropy; and
        ``(21) the Center has been redesignated as the Nation's missing 
    children clearinghouse and resource center once every 3 years 
    through a competitive selection process conducted by the Office of 
    Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention of the Department of 
    Justice, and has received grants from that Office to conduct the 
    crucial purposes of the Center.''.
    (b) Definitions.--Section 403 of the Missing Children's Assistance 
Act (42 U.S.C. 5772) is amended--
        (1) in paragraph (1), by striking ``and'' at the end;
        (2) in paragraph (2), by striking the period at the end and 
    inserting ``; and''; and
        (3) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(3) the term `Center' means the National Center for Missing 
    and Exploited Children.''.
    (c) Duties and Functions of the Administrator.--Section 404 of the 
Missing Children's Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 5773) is amended--
        (1) by redesignating subsection (c) as subsection (d); and
        (2) by striking subsection (b) and inserting the following:
    ``(b) Annual Grant to National Center for Missing and Exploited 
Children.--
        ``(1) In general.--The Administrator shall annually make a 
    grant to the Center, which shall be used to--
            ``(A)(i) operate a national 24-hour toll-free telephone 
        line by which individuals may report information regarding the 
        location of any missing child, or other child 13 years of age 
        or younger whose whereabouts are unknown to such child's legal 
        custodian, and request information pertaining to procedures 
        necessary to reunite such child with such child's legal 
        custodian; and
            ``(ii) coordinate the operation of such telephone line with 
        the operation of the national communications system referred to 
        in part C of the Runaway and Homeless Youth Act (42 U.S.C. 
        5714-11);
            ``(B) operate the official national resource center and 
        information clearinghouse for missing and exploited children;
            ``(C) provide to State and local governments, public and 
        private nonprofit agencies, and individuals, information 
        regarding--
                ``(i) free or low-cost legal, restaurant, lodging, and 
            transportation services that are available for the benefit 
            of missing and exploited children and their families; and
                ``(ii) the existence and nature of programs being 
            carried out by Federal agencies to assist missing and 
            exploited children and their families;
            ``(D) coordinate public and private programs that locate, 
        recover, or reunite missing children with their families;
            ``(E) disseminate, on a national basis, information 
        relating to innovative and model programs, services, and 
        legislation that benefit missing and exploited children;
            ``(F) provide technical assistance and training to law 
        enforcement agencies, State and local governments, elements of 
        the criminal justice system, public and private nonprofit 
        agencies, and individuals in the prevention, investigation, 
        prosecution, and treatment of cases involving missing and 
        exploited children; and
            ``(G) provide assistance to families and law enforcement 
        agencies in locating and recovering missing and exploited 
        children, both nationally and internationally.
        ``(2) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized to 
    be appropriated to the Administrator to carry out this subsection, 
    $10,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2000, 2001, 2002, and 2003.
    ``(c) National Incidence Studies.--The Administrator, either by 
making grants to or entering into contracts with public agencies or 
nonprofit private agencies, shall--
        ``(1) periodically conduct national incidence studies to 
    determine for a given year the actual number of children reported 
    missing each year, the number of children who are victims of 
    abduction by strangers, the number of children who are the victims 
    of parental kidnapings, and the number of children who are 
    recovered each year; and
        ``(2) provide to State and local governments, public and 
    private nonprofit agencies, and individuals information to 
    facilitate the lawful use of school records and birth certificates 
    to identify and locate missing children.''.
    (d) National Center for Missing and Exploited Children.--Section 
405(a) of the Missing Children's Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 5775(a)) is 
amended by inserting ``the Center and with'' before ``public 
agencies''.
    (e) Authorization of Appropriations.--Section 408 of the Missing 
Children's Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 5777) is amended by striking 
``1997 through 2001'' and inserting ``2000 through 2003''.

SEC. 3. RUNAWAY AND HOMELESS YOUTH.

    (a) Findings.--Section 302 of the Runaway and Homeless Youth Act 
(42 U.S.C. 5701) is amended--
        (1) in paragraph (5), by striking ``accurate reporting of the 
    problem nationally and to develop'' and inserting ``an accurate 
    national reporting system to report the problem, and to assist in 
    the development of''; and
        (2) by striking paragraph (8) and inserting the following:
        ``(8) services for runaway and homeless youth are needed in 
    urban, suburban, and rural areas;''.
    (b) Authority To Make Grants for Centers and Services.--Section 311 
of the Runaway and Homeless Youth Act (42 U.S.C. 5711) is amended--
        (1) by striking subsection (a) and inserting the following:
    ``(a) Grants for Centers and Services.--
        ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall make grants to public 
    and nonprofit private entities (and combinations of such entities) 
    to establish and operate (including renovation) local centers to 
    provide services for runaway and homeless youth and for the 
    families of such youth.
        ``(2) Services provided.--Services provided under paragraph 
    (1)--
            ``(A) shall be provided as an alternative to involving 
        runaway and homeless youth in the law enforcement, child 
        welfare, mental health, and juvenile justice systems;
            ``(B) shall include--
                ``(i) safe and appropriate shelter; and
                ``(ii) individual, family, and group counseling, as 
            appropriate; and
            ``(C) may include--
                ``(i) street-based services;
                ``(ii) home-based services for families with youth at 
            risk of separation from the family; and
                ``(iii) drug abuse education and prevention 
            services.'';
        (2) in subsection (b)(2), by striking ``the Trust Territory of 
    the Pacific Islands,''; and
        (3) by striking subsections (c) and (d).
    (c) Eligibility.--Section 312 of the Runaway and Homeless Youth Act 
(42 U.S.C. 5712) is amended--
        (1) in subsection (b)--
            (A) in paragraph (8), by striking ``paragraph (6)'' and 
        inserting ``paragraph (7)'';
            (B) in paragraph (10), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (C) in paragraph (11), by striking the period at the end 
        and inserting ``; and''; and
            (D) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(12) shall submit to the Secretary an annual report that 
    includes, with respect to the year for which the report is 
    submitted--
            ``(A) information regarding the activities carried out 
        under this part;
            ``(B) the achievements of the project under this part 
        carried out by the applicant; and
            ``(C) statistical summaries describing--
                ``(i) the number and the characteristics of the runaway 
            and homeless youth, and youth at risk of family separation, 
            who participate in the project; and
                ``(ii) the services provided to such youth by the 
            project.''; and
        (2) by striking subsections (c) and (d) and inserting the 
    following:
    ``(c) Applicants Providing Street-Based Services.--To be eligible 
to use assistance under section 311(a)(2)(C)(i) to provide street-based 
services, the applicant shall include in the plan required by 
subsection (b) assurances that in providing such services the applicant 
will--
        ``(1) provide qualified supervision of staff, including on-
    street supervision by appropriately trained staff;
        ``(2) provide backup personnel for on-street staff;
        ``(3) provide initial and periodic training of staff who 
    provide such services; and
        ``(4) conduct outreach activities for runaway and homeless 
    youth, and street youth.
    ``(d) Applicants Providing Home-Based Services.--To be eligible to 
use assistance under section 311(a) to provide home-based services 
described in section 311(a)(2)(C)(ii), an applicant shall include in 
the plan required by subsection (b) assurances that in providing such 
services the applicant will--
        ``(1) provide counseling and information to youth and the 
    families (including unrelated individuals in the family households) 
    of such youth, including services relating to basic life skills, 
    interpersonal skill building, educational advancement, job 
    attainment skills, mental and physical health care, parenting 
    skills, financial planning, and referral to sources of other needed 
    services;
        ``(2) provide directly, or through an arrangement made by the 
    applicant, 24-hour service to respond to family crises (including 
    immediate access to temporary shelter for runaway and homeless 
    youth, and youth at risk of separation from the family);
        ``(3) establish, in partnership with the families of runaway 
    and homeless youth, and youth at risk of separation from the 
    family, objectives and measures of success to be achieved as a 
    result of receiving home-based services;
        ``(4) provide initial and periodic training of staff who 
    provide home-based services; and
        ``(5) ensure that--
            ``(A) caseloads will remain sufficiently low to allow for 
        intensive (5 to 20 hours per week) involvement with each family 
        receiving such services; and
            ``(B) staff providing such services will receive qualified 
        supervision.
    ``(e) Applicants Providing Drug Abuse Education and Prevention 
Services.--To be eligible to use assistance under section 
311(a)(2)(C)(iii) to provide drug abuse education and prevention 
services, an applicant shall include in the plan required by subsection 
(b)--
        ``(1) a description of--
            ``(A) the types of such services that the applicant 
        proposes to provide;
            ``(B) the objectives of such services; and
            ``(C) the types of information and training to be provided 
        to individuals providing such services to runaway and homeless 
        youth; and
        ``(2) an assurance that in providing such services the 
    applicant shall conduct outreach activities for runaway and 
    homeless youth.''.
    (d) Approval of Applications.--Section 313 of the Runaway and 
Homeless Youth Act (42 U.S.C. 5713) is amended to read as follows:

``SEC. 313. APPROVAL OF APPLICATIONS.

    ``(a) In General.--An application by a public or private entity for 
a grant under section 311(a) may be approved by the Secretary after 
taking into consideration, with respect to the State in which such 
entity proposes to provide services under this part--
        ``(1) the geographical distribution in such State of the 
    proposed services under this part for which all grant applicants 
    request approval; and
        ``(2) which areas of such State have the greatest need for such 
    services.
    ``(b) Priority.--In selecting applications for grants under section 
311(a), the Secretary shall give priority to--
        ``(1) eligible applicants who have demonstrated experience in 
    providing services to runaway and homeless youth; and
        ``(2) eligible applicants that request grants of less than 
    $200,000.''.
    (e) Authority for Transitional Living Grant Program.--Section 321 
of the Runaway and Homeless Youth Act (42 U.S.C. 5714-1) is amended--
        (1) in the section heading, by striking ``purpose and'';
        (2) in subsection (a), by striking ``(a)''; and
        (3) by striking subsection (b).
    (f) Eligibility.--Section 322(a)(9) of the Runaway and Homeless 
Youth Act (42 U.S.C. 5714-2(a)(9)) is amended by inserting ``, and the 
services provided to such youth by such project,'' after ``such 
project''.
    (g) Coordination.--Section 341 of the Runaway and Homeless Youth 
Act (42 U.S.C. 5714-21) is amended to read as follows:

``SEC. 341. COORDINATION.

    ``With respect to matters relating to the health, education, 
employment, and housing of runaway and homeless youth, the Secretary--
        ``(1) in conjunction with the Attorney General, shall 
    coordinate the activities of agencies of the Department of Health 
    and Human Services with activities under any other Federal juvenile 
    crime control, prevention, and juvenile offender accountability 
    program and with the activities of other Federal entities; and
        ``(2) shall coordinate the activities of agencies of the 
    Department of Health and Human Services with the activities of 
    other Federal entities and with the activities of entities that are 
    eligible to receive grants under this title.''.
    (h) Authority To Make Grants for Research, Evaluation, 
Demonstration, and Service Projects.--Section 343 of the Runaway and 
Homeless Youth Act (42 U.S.C. 5714-23) is amended--
        (1) in the section heading, by inserting ``evaluation,'' after 
    ``research,'';
        (2) in subsection (a), by inserting ``evaluation,'' after 
    ``research,''; and
        (3) in subsection (b)--
            (A) by striking paragraph (2); and
            (B) by redesignating paragraphs (3) through (10) as 
        paragraphs (2) through (9), respectively.
    (i) Study.--Part D of the Runaway and Homeless Youth Act (42 U.S.C. 
5731 et seq.) is amended by adding after section 344 the following:

``SEC. 345. STUDY.

    ``The Secretary shall conduct a study of a representative sample of 
runaways to determine the percent who leave home because of sexual 
abuse. The report on the study shall include--
        ``(1) in the case of sexual abuse, the relationship of the 
    assaulter to the runaway; and
        ``(2) recommendations on how Federal laws may be changed to 
    reduce sexual assaults on children.
The study shall be completed to enable the Secretary to make a report 
to the committees of Congress with jurisdiction over this Act, and to 
make such report available to the public, within one year of the date 
of the enactment of this section.''.
    (j) Assistance to Potential Grantees.--Section 371 of the Runaway 
and Homeless Youth Act (42 U.S.C. 5714a) is amended by striking the 
last sentence.
    (k) Reports.--Section 381 of the Runaway and Homeless Youth Act (42 
U.S.C. 5715) is amended to read as follows:

``SEC. 381. REPORTS.

    ``(a) In General.--Not later than April 1, 2000, and biennially 
thereafter, the Secretary shall submit, to the Committee on Education 
and the Workforce of the House of Representatives and the Committee on 
the Judiciary of the Senate, a report on the status, activities, and 
accomplishments of entities that receive grants under parts A, B, C, D, 
and E, with particular attention to--
        ``(1) in the case of centers funded under part A, the ability 
    or effectiveness of such centers in--
            ``(A) alleviating the problems of runaway and homeless 
        youth;
            ``(B) if applicable or appropriate, reuniting such youth 
        with their families and encouraging the resolution of 
        intrafamily problems through counseling and other services;
            ``(C) strengthening family relationships and encouraging 
        stable living conditions for such youth; and
            ``(D) assisting such youth to decide upon a future course 
        of action; and
        ``(2) in the case of projects funded under part B--
            ``(A) the number and characteristics of homeless youth 
        served by such projects;
            ``(B) the types of activities carried out by such projects;
            ``(C) the effectiveness of such projects in alleviating the 
        problems of homeless youth;
            ``(D) the effectiveness of such projects in preparing 
        homeless youth for self-sufficiency;
            ``(E) the effectiveness of such projects in assisting 
        homeless youth to decide upon future education, employment, and 
        independent living;
            ``(F) the ability of such projects to encourage the 
        resolution of intrafamily problems through counseling and 
        development of self-sufficient living skills; and
            ``(G) activities and programs planned by such projects for 
        the following fiscal year.
    ``(b) Contents of Reports.--The Secretary shall include in each 
report submitted under subsection (a), summaries of--
        ``(1) the evaluations performed by the Secretary under section 
    386; and
        ``(2) descriptions of the qualifications of, and training 
    provided to, individuals involved in carrying out such 
    evaluations.''.
    (l) Evaluation.--Section 384 of the Runaway and Homeless Youth Act 
(42 U.S.C. 5732) is amended to read as follows:

``SEC. 386. EVALUATION AND INFORMATION.

    ``(a) In General.--If a grantee receives grants for 3 consecutive 
fiscal years under part A, B, C, D, or E (in the alternative), then the 
Secretary shall evaluate such grantee on-site, not less frequently than 
once in the period of such 3 consecutive fiscal years, for purposes 
of--
        ``(1) determining whether such grants are being used for the 
    purposes for which such grants are made by the Secretary;
        ``(2) collecting additional information for the report required 
    by section 384; and
        ``(3) providing such information and assistance to such grantee 
    as will enable such grantee to improve the operation of the 
    centers, projects, and activities for which such grants are made.
    ``(b) Cooperation.--Recipients of grants under this title shall 
cooperate with the Secretary's efforts to carry out evaluations, and to 
collect information, under this title.''.
    (m) Authorization of Appropriations.--Section 385 of the Runaway 
and Homeless Youth Act (42 U.S.C. 5751) is amended to read as follows:

``SEC. 388. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    ``(a) In General.--
        ``(1) Authorization.--There is authorized to be appropriated to 
    carry out this title (other than part E) such sums as may be 
    necessary for fiscal years 2000, 2001, 2002, and 2003.
        ``(2) Allocation.--
            ``(A) Parts a and b.--From the amount appropriated under 
        paragraph (1) for a fiscal year, the Secretary shall reserve 
        not less than 90 percent to carry out parts A and B.
            ``(B) Part b.--Of the amount reserved under subparagraph 
        (A), not less than 20 percent, and not more than 30 percent, 
        shall be reserved to carry out part B.
        ``(3) Parts c and d.--In each fiscal year, after reserving the 
    amounts required by paragraph (2), the Secretary shall use the 
    remaining amount (if any) to carry out parts C and D.
    ``(b) Separate Identification Required.--No funds appropriated to 
carry out this title may be combined with funds appropriated under any 
other Act if the purpose of combining such funds is to make a single 
discretionary grant, or a single discretionary payment, unless such 
funds are separately identified in all grants and contracts and are 
used for the purposes specified in this title.''.
    (n) Sexual Abuse Prevention Program.--
        (1) Authority for program.--The Runaway and Homeless Youth Act 
    (42 U.S.C. 5701 et seq.) is amended--
            (A) by striking the heading for part F;
            (B) by redesignating part E as part F; and
            (C) by inserting after part D the following:

               ``PART E--SEXUAL ABUSE PREVENTION PROGRAM

``SEC. 351. AUTHORITY TO MAKE GRANTS.

    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary may make grants to nonprofit 
private agencies for the purpose of providing street-based services to 
runaway and homeless, and street youth, who have been subjected to, or 
are at risk of being subjected to, sexual abuse, prostitution, or 
sexual exploitation.
    ``(b) Priority.--In selecting applicants to receive grants under 
subsection (a), the Secretary shall give priority to nonprofit private 
agencies that have experience in providing services to runaway and 
homeless, and street youth.''.
        (2) Authorization of appropriations.--Section 388(a) of the 
    Runaway and Homeless Youth Act (42 U.S.C. 5751), as amended by 
    subsection (m) of this section, is amended by adding at the end the 
    following:
        ``(4) Part e.--There is authorized to be appropriated to carry 
    out part E such sums as may be necessary for fiscal years 2000, 
    2001, 2002, and 2003.''.
    (o) Consolidated Review of Applications.--The Runaway and Homeless 
Youth Act (42 U.S.C. 5701 et seq.) is amended by inserting after 
section 383 the following:

``SEC. 385. CONSOLIDATED REVIEW OF APPLICATIONS.

    ``With respect to funds available to carry out parts A, B, C, D, 
and E, nothing in this title shall be construed to prohibit the 
Secretary from--
        ``(1) announcing, in a single announcement, the availability of 
    funds for grants under 2 or more of such parts; and
        ``(2) reviewing applications for grants under 2 or more of such 
    parts in a single, consolidated application review process.''.
    (p) Definitions.--The Runaway and Homeless Youth Act (42 U.S.C. 
5701 et seq.) is amended by inserting after section 386, as amended by 
subsection (l) of this section, the following:

``SEC. 387. DEFINITIONS.

    ``In this title:
        ``(1) Drug abuse education and prevention services.--The term 
    `drug abuse education and prevention services'--
            ``(A) means services to runaway and homeless youth to 
        prevent or reduce the illicit use of drugs by such youth; and
            ``(B) may include--
                ``(i) individual, family, group, and peer counseling;
                ``(ii) drop-in services;
                ``(iii) assistance to runaway and homeless youth in 
            rural areas (including the development of community support 
            groups);
                ``(iv) information and training relating to the illicit 
            use of drugs by runaway and homeless youth, to individuals 
            involved in providing services to such youth; and
                ``(v) activities to improve the availability of local 
            drug abuse prevention services to runaway and homeless 
            youth.
        ``(2) Home-based services.--The term `home-based services'--
            ``(A) means services provided to youth and their families 
        for the purpose of--
                ``(i) preventing such youth from running away, or 
            otherwise becoming separated, from their families; and
                ``(ii) assisting runaway youth to return to their 
            families; and
            ``(B) includes services that are provided in the residences 
        of families (to the extent practicable), including--
                ``(i) intensive individual and family counseling; and
                ``(ii) training relating to life skills and parenting.
        ``(3) Homeless youth.--The term `homeless youth' means an 
    individual--
            ``(A) who is--
                ``(i) not more than 21 years of age; and
                ``(ii) for the purposes of part B, not less than 16 
            years of age;
            ``(B) for whom it is not possible to live in a safe 
        environment with a relative; and
            ``(C) who has no other safe alternative living arrangement.
        ``(4) Street-based services.--The term `street-based 
    services'--
            ``(A) means services provided to runaway and homeless 
        youth, and street youth, in areas where they congregate, 
        designed to assist such youth in making healthy personal 
        choices regarding where they live and how they behave; and
            ``(B) may include--
                ``(i) identification of and outreach to runaway and 
            homeless youth, and street youth;
                ``(ii) crisis intervention and counseling;
                ``(iii) information and referral for housing;
                ``(iv) information and referral for transitional living 
            and health care services;
                ``(v) advocacy, education, and prevention services 
            related to--

                    ``(I) alcohol and drug abuse;
                    ``(II) sexual exploitation;
                    ``(III) sexually transmitted diseases, including 
                human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); and
                    ``(IV) physical and sexual assault.

        ``(5) Street youth.--The term `street youth' means an 
    individual who--
            ``(A) is--
                ``(i) a runaway youth; or
                ``(ii) indefinitely or intermittently a homeless youth; 
            and
            ``(B) spends a significant amount of time on the street or 
        in other areas that increase the risk to such youth for sexual 
        abuse, sexual exploitation, prostitution, or drug abuse.
        ``(6) Transitional living youth project.--The term 
    `transitional living youth project' means a project that provides 
    shelter and services designed to promote a transition to self-
    sufficient living and to prevent long-term dependency on social 
    services.
        ``(7) Youth at risk of separation from the family.--The term 
    `youth at risk of separation from the family' means an individual--
            ``(A) who is less than 18 years of age; and
            ``(B)(i) who has a history of running away from the family 
        of such individual;
            ``(ii) whose parent, guardian, or custodian is not willing 
        to provide for the basic needs of such individual; or
            ``(iii) who is at risk of entering the child welfare system 
        or juvenile justice system as a result of the lack of services 
        available to the family to meet such needs.''.
    (q) Redesignation of Sections.--Sections 371, 372, 381, 382, and 
383 of the Runaway and Homeless Youth Act (42 U.S.C. 5714b-5851 et 
seq.), as amended by this Act, are redesignated as sections 380, 381, 
382, 383, and 384, respectively.
    (r) Technical Amendments.--The Runaway and Homeless Youth Act (42 
U.S.C. 5701 et seq.) is amended--
        (1) in section 331, in the first sentence, by striking ``With'' 
    and all that follows through ``the Secretary'', and inserting ``The 
    Secretary''; and
        (2) in section 344(a)(1), by striking ``With'' and all that 
    follows through ``the Secretary'', and inserting ``The Secretary''.

SEC. 4. STUDY OF SCHOOL VIOLENCE.

    (a) Contract for Study.--Not later than 60 days after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Education shall enter into 
a contract with the National Academy of Sciences for the purposes of 
conducting a study regarding the antecedents of school violence in 
urban, suburban, and rural schools, including the incidents of school 
violence that occurred in Pearl, Mississippi; Paducah, Kentucky; 
Jonesboro, Arkansas; Springfield, Oregon; Edinboro, Pennsylvania; 
Fayetteville, Tennessee; Littleton, Colorado; and Conyers, Georgia. 
Under the terms of such contract, the National Academy of Sciences 
shall appoint a panel that will--
        (1) review the relevant research about adolescent violence in 
    general and school violence in particular, including the existing 
    longitudinal and cross-sectional studies on youth that are relevant 
    to examining violent behavior;
        (2) relate what can be learned from past and current research 
    and surveys to specific incidents of school shootings;
        (3) interview relevant individuals, if possible, such as the 
    perpetrators of such incidents, their families, their friends, 
    their teachers, mental health providers, and others; and
        (4) give particular attention to such issues as--
            (A) the perpetrators' early development, families, 
        communities, school experiences, and utilization of mental 
        health services;
            (B) the relationship between perpetrators and their 
        victims;
            (C) how the perpetrators gained access to firearms;
            (D) the impact of cultural influences and exposure to the 
        media, video games, and the Internet; and
            (E) such other issues as the panel deems important or 
        relevant to the purpose of the study.
The National Academy of Sciences shall utilize professionals with 
expertise in such issues, including psychiatrists, social workers, 
behavioral and social scientists, practitioners, epidemiologists, 
statisticians, and methodologists.
    (b) Report.--The National Academy of Sciences shall submit a report 
containing the results of the study required by subsection (a), to the 
Speaker of the House of Representatives, the President pro tempore of 
the Senate, the Chair and ranking minority Member of the Committee on 
Education and the Workforce of the House of Representatives, and the 
Chair and ranking minority Member of the Committee on Health, 
Education, Labor, and Pensions of the Senate, not later than January 1, 
2001, or 18 months after entering into the contract required by such 
subsection, whichever is earlier.
    (c) Appropriation.--Of the funds made available under Public Law 
105-277 for the Department of Education, $2,100,000 shall be made 
available to carry out this section.

                               Speaker of the House of Representatives.

                            Vice President of the United States and    
                                               President of the Senate.
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