T hi s di s pos i t i on i s notappr opr i a t e f orpubl i c a t i on a nd i s notpr e c e de nt * e xc e pta s pr ovi de d by9th C i r . R . 36- 3. T he H onor abl e M a r c o A . H e rna nde z , U ni t e d S t a t e s D i s tr i c tJudge f orthe ** D i s tr i c tof

O r e gon, s i tt i ng byde s i gna t i on.

NO T F ORP UB L I C AT I ON UN I TE D STATE S C OU RT OF APPE ALS F O R T H E N IN T H C IR C U IT C I O N A D O N I S P E R A L T A , ) N o. 09- 55907 ) Pl a i n t i f f –Ap p e l l a n t , ) D. C. No . 2 : 0 5 - c v - 0 1 9 3 7 - J VS- PL A ) v . ) ME MORA ND UM * ) T . C . D IL L A R D , C hi ef

D ent al ) O ff i ce r; S . B R O O K S , D . D . S . S t af f ) D ent i st ; J. F IT T E R , C hi ef M edi ca l ) O ff i ce r, ) ) D efen d an t s –A p p el l ees. ) )

A pp ea l fr om the U ni t ed S t at es D i stri ctC ou rt f o rth e C e n tr a l D is tr ic t o f C a lif o rn ia J a m e s V . S e l na , D i s tr i c tJ udge , P r e s i di ng A r gue d a nd S ubm i tt e d O c t obe r10, 2012

P a s a d e n a , C a lif

o rn ia Be f o r e : FE RNAN DEZ an dBE RZ ON , Ci r c u i tJ u d g e s , a n dHERNAN DEZ, ** D i stri ctJudg e. C i on A do ni s P er al t a app ea l s the di stri ctcourt ’ s j ud gm entas a m att erof l aw 

# FI LED JAN 07 2 013 M OLLY C. DW Y ER, CLERK U . S. C O U R T OF APPE ALSW e a dd re ss P er al t a’ s c l ai m agai nstD r. B rook s i n an o pi ni on fi l ed thi s dat e. 1 S ee T orre s v. C i ty of L . A . , 54 8 F . 3d 11 97 , 12 05 –0 6 (9th C i r. 20 08 ). 2 T o p rove a vi ol at i on of the E i gh th A m endm entt o the U ni t ed S t at es 3 C on st i tut i on base d o n d el i bera t e i nd i ff er ence t o h i s m edi ca l needs, P er al t a w as re q u ired to sh o w th at h e h ad a s er io u s m ed ical n ee dan dth at “th e d ef en d an t’ s r e s pons e t o the ne e d w a s de l i be r a t e l yi ndi f f e r e nt . ” J e ttv. P e nne r , 439 F . 3d 1091, 1 0 9 6 ( 9 th C ir . 2 0 0 6 ) ; s e e a ls o F a rm e rv . B r e n n a n , 5 1 1 U .S . 8 2 5 , 8 3 7 , 1 1 4 S . C t. 1 9 7 0 , 1 9 7 9 , 1 2 8 L . E d . 2 d8 1 1 ( 1 9 9 4 ) ( h o ld in g th a t a n o f f ic ia l c a n n o t b e h e ldliab le un l es s he “ kn ow s of anddi sr egar ds an exces si ve ri sk t o i nm at e hea l th o r s af ety” ). 2 in f a v o ro f D r . T h a d d e u s D illa r d , th e C h ie f D e n ta l O f

f ic e ra t th e C a lif

o rn iaS ta te P r is o n a t L a n c a s te r , a n dD r . Ju n a idF itte r , th e C h ie f M e d ic a l O f

f ic e ra t th a t f

a c ility . S e e F e d . R . C iv . P . 5 0 ( a ) . H e a ls o ap p e a ls th e ju d g m e n t f o llo w in g aju ryv e r d ic t in f a v o ro f D r . S h e ld o n B r o o k s , as ta f f d e n tis t a t th a t s a m e f

a c ility . W e a f

f irm . 1 ( 1 ) W e h a v e r e v ie w e dth e r e c o r dan da g r e e w ith th e d is tr ic t c o u rt th a t a r e a s onabl e j ur orw oul d notha ve al e ga l l ys uf f i c i e nte vi de nt i a ryba s i s t o f i nd f or P er al t a on hi s c l ai m s a gai nstD r. D i l l ar d and D r. F i tt erfor del i bera t e i nd i ff er ence . 2 3 B o th o f th o s e o f f ic ia ls w e r e s u p e rv is o r s , b u t th a t a lo n e d o e s n o t p r e c lu d e th e ir pers on al l i abi l i ty. S ee S no w v. M cD ani el , 68 1 F . 3d 97 8, 98 9 (9th C i r. 20 12 ); R edm an v. C nty. of S an D i ego, 94 2 F . 2d 14 35 , 14 46 (9th C i r. 19 91 ) ( en banc) ab r o g a te din p a rt o n o th e rg r o u n d s b yF a rm e rv . B r e n n a n , 5 1 1 U .S . 8 2 5 , 1 1 4 S . C t. 19 70 , 12 8 L . E d. 2d 81 1 (19 94 ). A gai n, w e have re vi ew ed the re cord and w e are u n ab l e t o st at e th e ev i d en ce w o u l dsu p p o rta d eci si o n th atei th er o f th e d o ct o rs,W e not e that , l i ke D r. B rook s, bo th tri ed t o o bt ai n m ore r es ou rc es , bu tw er e 4 de ni e d r e l i e f

bythe hi ghe rauthor i t i e s i n S a c r a m e nt o. 3 w h o s a w , a t o n e p o in t o ra n o th e r , th e s e c o n dle v e l r e v ie w c la im r e g a r d in g th e ir su b o rd in ate D r. B ro o k s, b o th k n ew an dw er e d elib er ately in d iffe re n t t o P er alta’s n e e d s , w h ic h w e r e b e in g m in is te r e dto b yD r . B r o o k s . W e n o te , b yth e w a y , th a t in its v e r d ic t, th e ju ryd e c id e dth a t D r . B r o o k s h im s e lf w a s n o t d e lib e r a te ly i n d i fferen t ; th atu n d ersco res an drei n fo rces o u r co n cl u si o n th atth o se d o ct o rs,

4 w ho, a tw or s t , f

a i l e d t o i nt e rve ne i n D r . B r ooks ’ tr e a tm e ntr e gi m e , w e r e not th e m s e lv e s d e lib e r a te lyin d if f e r e n t. S e e C o r a le s v . B e n n e tt, 5 6 7 F .3 d5 5 4 , 5 7 0 ( 9 th C i r. 20 09 ); Ja ckson v . C i ty of B re m ert on , 26 8 F . 3d 64 6, 65 3– 54 (9th C i r. 20 01 ). (2) P er al t a a l so as se rt s thatbecause the di stri ctcourthad earl i erdeni ed s um m a ryj udgm e ntt o D r . D i l l a r d a nd D r . F i tt e r , i tw a s bound bythe l a w of the c a s e d o c tr in e to d e n yth e m o tio n f o rju d g m e n t a s am a tte ro f la w . W e d is a g r e e . A di stri ctj ud ge w ho se i nt er l ocut ory det erm i nat i on has notbeen appeal ed has di sc re t i on t o d ec l i ne t o fol l ow thatearl i erdeci si on ata l at erpo i nti n the ca se . S ee , e. g. , D el t a S av. B ank v . U ni t ed S t at es , 26 5 F . 3d 10 17 , 10 27 –2 8 (9th C i r. 20 01 ); C ityo f L .A ., H a rb o rD iv . v . S a n taM o n ic aB a y k e e p e r , 2 5 4 F .3 d8 8 2 , 8 8 8

– 8 9 ( 9 th C i r. 20 01 ). E spec i al l y i s thattrue w here , as here , the evi dence pres ent ed attri al w e n t b e y o n dth a t s e t f

o rth in th e r a th e ra s th e n ic p r e s e n ta tio n a t s u m m a ryju d g m e n t. AF F I R ME D.1

B E R Z O N , C ir c u it Ju d g e , d is s e n tin g in p a rt: I j oi n i n P a rt2 of

the m a j or i ty ’ s di s pos i t i on. B e c aus e I di s a gr e e tha tno re as on abl e j uror coul d fi nd i n favor of P er al t a’ s c l ai m s a gai nstdefe nd ant s F i tt er a nd D i l l a r d, I r e s pe c t f

ul l ydi s s e nta s t o P a rt1. 1. F o rth e r e a s o n s s ta te din m yd is s e n t f r o m th e p u b lis h e do p in io n , I w o u ld h o ldth at th e ju ry in stru ctio n as to d ef en d an t B ro o k s w as im p ro p er . T h e ju ry ’s v e r d ic t in lig h t o f

th a t in s tru c tio n is th e r e f o r e n o t ar e le v a n t c o n s id e r a tio n in d et erm i n i n g d efen d an t s F i tt er’ s an dD i l l ard ’ s l i ab i l i ty. 2. E ve n gi ve n the i ns truc t i on a s t o B r ooks , ar e a s onabl e j ur orc oul d ha ve f ound tha tboth F i tt e ra nd D i l l a r d kne w of a nd di s r e ga r de d the s e r i ous de nt a l ne e ds o f L a n c a s te rp r is o n e r s . Se e Farm e rv . B r e nnan , 5 1 1 U .S . 8 2 5 , 8 3 7 ( 1 9 9 4 ) ; Sn ow v. McD an i el , 6 8 1 F .3 d9 7 8 , 9 8 6 (9 th C ir. 2 0 1 2 ). T h e d istrict co u rt g ra n tedF itter’s a nd D i l l a r d’ s R ul e 50 m ot i ons on the gr ound tha tthos e de f e nda nt s ha d no know l e dge of

P e r a l t a ’ s s e r i ous m e di c a l c ondi t i on. B utF i tt e ra nd D i l l a r d c oul d be liab le r e g a r d le s s o f

w h e th e rth e yk n e w o f

P e r a lta ’s o w n s e r io u s m e d ic a l n e e d s . T hey nee d o nl y be aw ar e that“ som eone i n [P er al t a’ s] si tuat i on ” — nam el y other L a nc a s t e rpr i s one r s — ha d a“ s ubs t a nt i a l r i s k of s e r i ous ha rm ” i n the abs e nc e of tim e lyc a r e . Se e G i bs on v . Cnt y . of W as hoe , 29 0 F . 3d 11 75 , 11 91 (9th C i r. 20 02 ); see a l so Farm er , 5 1 1 U .S . a t 8 4 3

– 4 4 ; R e dm an v . Cnt y . of San D i ego , 942 F . 2d 

# FI LED JAN 07 2 013 M OLLY C. DW Y ER, CLERK U . S. C O U R T OF APPE ALS2

1 4 3 5 , 1 4 4 8 ( 9 th C ir . 1 9 9 1 ) ( e n b a n c ) , ab roga ted on other groun ds by Farm er , 511 U .S . a t 8 3 7 . A re as on abl e j uror coul d h ave f ou nd thatthrou gh the Inm at e A pp ea l sy st em and com pl ai nt s m ade by tre at i ng dent i st s, F i tt erand D i l l ar d w er e aw ar e that p at i en t s w i th p ressi n g h eal th n eed s w ere p l aced o n l en g th y w ai t i n g l i st s. T h ese d e f e n d a n ts h a dth e au th o r ityto m a k e d e c is io n s r e g a r d in g w h ic h p r is o n e r s w e r e to r e c e i ve m e di c a l tr e a tm e ntw he n — w i thi n the s t a f f i ng a nd f undi ng c ons tr a i nt s of the pr i s on — butnone the l e s s rubbe rs t a m pe d the de c i s i on t o ke e p P e r a l t aon the r o u tin e w a itin g lis t. I th e r e f o r e d is s e n t f

r o m P a rt 1 o f

th e m a jo r ity ’s d is p o s itio n a n dw o u ld rev erse th e d i stri ctco u rt ’ s o rd er g ran t i n g th ese o ffi ci al s’ R u l e 5 0 m o t i o n s.