# Patent

## Title
Disk drive having a stationary plate between disks with grooves adjacent fastener holes

## Abstract

A disk drive includes a disk drive base having a bottom surface, and a rotatable spindle. A first disk is mounted coaxially on the rotatable spindle, closer to the bottom surface than a second disk. A first stationary plate is affixed to the disk drive base by a plurality of fasteners, and extends between the first and second disks in an overlap region that spans at least 75 degrees of the circumference of each of the first and second disks. The first stationary plate includes a first plurality of fastener holes extending through the first stationary plate in a direction that is parallel to an axis of rotation of the spindle. The first stationary plate includes a first plurality of grooves that are elongated orthogonally to the axis of rotation and adjacent to corresponding ones of the first plurality of fastener holes.

## Background
BACKGROUND
Disk drives are a type of information storage device that store information on one or more spinning disks. Other types of information storage devices include, for example, magnetic tape drives which retrieve stored information on magnetic tape (e.g. linear tape drive, helical scan tape drive). There are several types of disk drives. For example, there are so-called floppy disk drives, which store information on removable magnetic disks. There are also optical disk drives, which typically retrieve information stored on removable optical disk media. Magnetic hard disk drives typically store information on non-removable rigid magnetic disks. Also for example, there are magneto-optical disk drives, which share some of the characteristics of optical disk drives and magnetic hard disk drives.
All types of disk drives typically include a disk drive base, to which a spindle motor and head (or lens) actuator are affixed. The disk drive base may be cast of aluminum, for example to meet cost constraints. It is known in the art that it may be advantageous to include an arcuate shroud wall closely around the outer diameter of the disk(s), as a feature of the disk drive base, to reduce or attenuate dynamic excitation of certain disk drive components (e.g. disks, head stack assembly).
Another structure that may be included in a disk drive for this purpose, is a stationary plate fixed to the disk drive base and positioned partially between co-rotating disks, when the disk drive includes more than one disk. Such a stationary plate may sometimes be referred to as an “anti-disk” or a “disk damping plate.” The anti-disk may be fabricated from stainless steel, for example to better control dimensions and to obtain adequate rigidity. In that case, and if the disk drive base is fabricated from aluminum, then there will be a mismatch in the coefficient of thermal expansion by the two structures.
The present inventors have experimentally determined that during temperature changes, for example when the disk drive starts operation and warms, the aforedescribed differential expansion may cause stress to build where the lowermost anti-disk is attached to the disk drive base. They have also learned that such differential expansion stress may be partially relieved by a sudden earthquake-like slippage between the attached parts (i.e. “popping events”), which can generate an undesirable shock wave or vibration in the disk drive. If that happens during the performance of data read or write operations by the disk drive, then consequent relative movement of disk drive internal parts (e.g. head stack assemblies) may result in read or write errors (e.g. off-track write). Such problem may become even more important in the future, as data track density (i.e. tracks per inch) on the disk is projected to increase.
Therefore, there is a need in the art for a disk drive having an improved anti-disk structure to reduce or prevent thermally induced shocks, and also having a cost that is acceptable for the high-volume manufacture of inexpensive disk drives.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a top perspective view of a disk drive information storage device with the top cover removed to reveal internal components.
FIG. 2 is a top perspective view of a disk drive base component with a plurality of stationary plates affixed thereto.
FIG. 3 depicts a stationary plate according to the prior art.
FIG. 4 depicts a stationary plate according to an example embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a graph demonstrating an advantage of one example embodiment of the present invention.



DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
FIG. 1 is a top perspective view of a disk drive 100 with the top cover removed to reveal certain internal components. The disk drive 100 includes a disk drive base 102 and two annular magnetic disks 104. The disk drive 100 further includes a spindle 106, rotatably mounted on the disk drive base 102, for rotating the disks 104 about an axis of rotation 150. The rotation of the disks 104 establishes air flow through recirculation filter 108. In other embodiments, disk drive 100 may have only a single disk, or alternatively, three or more disks. Also, disk drives may be designed and manufactured in various sizes, known as “form factors”. The example disk drive 100 shown in FIG. 1 is not intended to be limiting to any particular form factor; rather the improvements described herein may be applied to various form factors, including desktop form factors, enterprise or server form factors, and mobile device form factors.
A stationary plate (not visible in the view of FIG. 1) may be fixed to the disk drive base 102 and extend between the disks 104, for example to beneficially modify the air flow induced by disk rotation or assist in damping disk vibrations. For example, a so-called squeeze film of air may be established between the stationary plate and the disks 104, which can enhance the damping of disk vibrations. Such a stationary plate extending sufficiently between the disks to provide one or more of these beneficial effects may sometimes be referred to as a “disk damping plate” or an “anti-disk,” and will be further described subsequently herein.
The disk drive 100 further includes an actuator 116 that may be pivotably mounted on disk drive base 102, for example by a pivot bearing 134 fit into a bore 132 in the body of the actuator 116. Voice coil motor 112 may pivot the actuator 116 through a limited angular range so that at least one head gimbal assembly (HGA) 114 is desirably positioned relative to one or more tracks of information on a corresponding one of the disks 104. In the embodiment of FIG. 1, the actuator 116 includes three arms upon which four HGAs 114 are attached, each corresponding to a surface of one of the two disks 104. However in other embodiments fewer or more HGAs 114 may be included depending on the number of disks 104 that are included and whether the disk drive 100 is depopulated.
Each HGA 114 preferably includes a head 150 for reading and writing from/to one of the disks 104. The head 150 may perform various functions and contain various microscopic structures such as a read transducer for reading data, a write transducer for writing data, a microactuator, a heater, a laser, a lapping guide, etc. The actuator 116 may occasionally be latched at an extreme angular position within the limited angular range, by latch 120. Electrical signals to/from the HGAs 114 are carried to other drive electronics via a flexible printed circuit (FPC) that includes a flex cable 122 (preferably including a preamplifier circuit) and flex cable bracket 124.
FIG. 2 is a top perspective view of a disk drive base 200 with a plurality of stationary plates 210, 220, and 230 affixed thereto by three conventional fasteners 242 (e.g. screws). In the embodiment of FIG. 2, the disk drive base 200 optionally may be cast from aluminum, for example to limit or reduce manufacturing cost. By contrast, the stationary plates 210, 220, 230 optionally may be machined from stainless steel, for example to ensure adequate dimensional precision and rigidity.
Since the embodiment of FIG. 2 includes three stationary plates 210, 220, 230, it is intended to accommodate four co-rotating disks (disks similar to the disks 104 shown in FIG. 1). Similar co-rotating disks are not shown in FIG. 2, however, so that the stationary plates 210, 220, 230 can be seen. In the embodiment of FIG. 2, the disk drive base 200 also includes a planar area 202 that underlies the disk(s) and, after assembly, that is separated from but facing a major surface of a lowermost disk. In this context, “lowermost” means closest (measured in a direction parallel to the disk axis of rotation 250) to the planar area 202 of the disk drive base 200.
Note that in the embodiment of FIG. 2, the stationary plate 210 would extend between the lowermost disk and a second lowermost disk, the stationary plate 220 would extend between the second lowermost disk and a third lowermost disk, and the stationary plate 230 would extend between the third lowermost disk and a top disk. In this context, the “top” disk would be the disk disposed furthest (measured in a direction parallel to the disk axis of rotation 250) to the planar area 202 of the disk drive base 200. The disk drive base 200 optionally may also include an arcuate shroud wall 204, for example to beneficially modify the air flow induced by disk rotation about the disk axis of rotation 250.
In the embodiment of FIG. 2, each of the stationary plates 210, 220, 230 extends between corresponding co-rotating disks in an overlap region R that has an angular span θ of the disk circumference. For example, in certain embodiments the angular span θ of the overlap region R preferably may be at least 75 degrees of the disk circumference, for example so that the stationary plates 210, 220, 230 may adequately dampen disk vibrations or adequately affect the airflow induced by disk rotation.
FIG. 3 depicts a stationary plate 300 that is suitable for use as an anti-disk or disk damping plate, according to the prior art. The stationary plate 300 includes three fastener holes 344 that extend through the stationary plate 300 in a direction 350, to facilitate attachment to a disk drive base.
FIG. 4 depicts a stationary plate 400 that is suitable for use as an anti-disk or disk damping plate, according to an example embodiment of the present invention. The stationary plate 400 includes a plurality of fastener holes 444 extending through the stationary plate 400 in a direction 450 that is parallel to the disk axis of rotation (e.g. axis of rotation 150 shown in FIG. 1). In this context, perfect parallelism is not required, but rather only approximate parallelism (e.g. ±10° of perfect parallelism). After disk drive assembly, a plurality of conventional fasteners extend through the plurality of fastener holes 444 to affix the stationary plate 400 to a disk drive base, as shown in FIG. 2.
Referring again to FIG. 4, the stationary plate 400 includes a plurality of grooves 446 that are elongated orthogonally to the direction 450. In this context, being elongated orthogonally to the direction 450 means mean longer than wide, with the longer dimension oriented approximately orthogonal to the direction 450. This does not require perfect orthogonality, but rather only approximate orthogonality (e.g. within ±20° of perfect orthogonality). In the embodiment of FIG. 4, each of the plurality of grooves 446 is shown to be disposed adjacent to a corresponding one of the plurality of fastener holes 444.
In the embodiment of FIG. 4, the stationary plate 400 defines a plate thickness t adjacent to one of the fastener holes 444 and measured in a direction parallel to the direction 450. In certain embodiments, the thickness t preferably may be in the range of 3 mm to 3.8 mm. In the embodiment of FIG. 4, each of the plurality of grooves 446 may define a groove width w that is measured in a direction parallel to the direction 450. In certain embodiments, the groove width w preferably may be in the range of 1 mm to 2 mm.
In certain embodiments, each of the plurality of grooves 446 may angularly span the corresponding and adjacent fastener hole 444 by a circumscribing angle α, e.g. measured about the direction 450, that is preferably in the range of 70° to 110°. In certain embodiments, each of the plurality of grooves 446 has a groove depth measured normal to direction 450 that preferably may be in the range of 1 mm to 2 mm. In certain embodiments, the plurality of grooves 446 and the foregoing dimensional ranges may serve to advantageously reduce or prevent thermally induced shocks in disk drives undergoing a substantial temperature change (e.g. warming after start).
In certain embodiments, the grooves 446 are included only on the lowermost stationary plate (e.g. stationary plate 210 of FIG. 2), but not on any upper stationary plates (e.g. stationary plates 220 and 230 of FIG. 2), to reduce manufacturing cost. In certain embodiments, this cost reducing alternative may be practically acceptable because thermal stresses (e.g. due to differential thermal expansion) may be more severe for the lowermost stationary plate 210 and less severe for the upper stationary plates 220 and 230. In certain other embodiments, for example in embodiments where thermal stresses have greater extent, or where it may be practically desired to commercially inventory fewer component types, one or both of the upper stationary plates 220 and 230 may also include grooves like the grooves 446 of FIG. 4.
FIG. 5 is a graph 500 demonstrating a potential advantage of one example embodiment of the present invention. In the graph 500, the data plot 510 demonstrates that the number of undesirable popping events can increase with surface roughness for a conventional anti-disk, but may not for an anti-disk that includes grooves like the grooves 446 of FIG. 4. Since popping events can generate an undesirable shock wave or vibration in the disk drive, the performance of data read or write operations may be improved and read or write errors (e.g. off-track write) reduced if popping events are reduced or avoided. For at least this reason, the novel features disclosed and claimed herein may have substantial importance presently, and could gain even more importance in the future, as data track density (i.e. tracks per inch) on the disk is projected to increase.
In the foregoing specification, the invention is described with reference to specific exemplary embodiments thereof, but those skilled in the art will recognize that the invention is not limited thereto. It is contemplated that various features and aspects of the above-described invention may be used individually or jointly and possibly in an environment or application beyond those described herein. The specification and drawings are, accordingly, to be regarded as illustrative and exemplary rather than restrictive. The terms “comprising,” “including,” “with,” and “having,” as used herein, are intended to be read as open-ended terms.

## Claims

1. A disk drive comprising:
a disk drive base having a bottom surface;
a spindle attached to the disk drive base, the spindle defining an axis of rotation normal to the bottom surface;
a first disk and a second disk mounted coaxially on the spindle, the first disk disposed closer to the bottom surface than the second disk; and
a first stationary plate affixed to the disk drive base by a plurality of fasteners, the first stationary plate extending between the first and second disks in an overlap region that spans at least 75 degrees of the circumference of each of the first and second disks;
wherein the first stationary plate includes a first plurality of fastener holes, each of the first plurality of fastener holes extending through the first stationary plate in a direction that is parallel to the axis of rotation; and
wherein the plurality of fasteners extends through the first plurality of fastener holes; and
wherein the first stationary plate includes a first plurality of grooves that are elongated orthogonally to the axis of rotation, each of the first plurality of grooves being adjacent to a corresponding one of the first plurality of fastener holes.

2. The disk drive of claim 1 wherein each of the plurality of fasteners is a screw fastener.

3. The disk drive of claim 1 wherein each of the first plurality of grooves angularly spans the corresponding one of the first plurality of fastener holes by a circumscribing angle of at least 70 degrees but no more than 110 degrees.

4. The disk drive of claim 1 wherein the first plurality of fastener holes consists of three fastener holes and the first plurality of grooves consists of three grooves.

5. The disk drive of claim 1 further comprising:
a third disk mounted on the spindle, the third disk disposed further from the bottom surface than the first disk and the second disk; and
a second stationary plate affixed to the disk drive base by the plurality of fasteners, the second stationary plate extending between the second and third disks and including a second plurality of fastener holes, each of the second plurality of fastener holes extending through the second stationary plate in a direction that is parallel to the axis of rotation;
wherein the second plurality of fastener holes are in alignment with the first plurality of fastener holes, and the plurality of fasteners extends through the second plurality of fastener holes.

6. The disk drive of claim 5 wherein the second stationary plate is not grooved adjacent each of the second plurality of fastener holes.

7. The disk drive of claim 5 wherein the second stationary plate includes a second plurality of grooves that are elongated orthogonally to the axis of rotation, each of the second plurality of grooves being adjacent to a corresponding one of the second plurality of fastener holes.

8. The disk drive of claim 7 wherein each of the second plurality of grooves angularly spans the corresponding one of the second plurality of fastener holes by a circumscribing angle of at least 70 degrees but no more than 110 degrees.

9. The disk drive of claim 1 wherein the disk drive base comprises aluminum and the first stationary plate comprises stainless steel.

10. The disk drive of claim 1 wherein the first stationary plate defines a plate thickness measured parallel to the axis of rotation in the range of 3 mm to 3.8 mm and each of the first plurality of grooves defines a groove width measured parallel to the axis of rotation in the range of 1 mm to 2 mm.

11. The disk drive of claim 1 wherein each of the first plurality of grooves has a groove depth measured normal to the axis of rotation in the range of 1 mm to 2 mm.

12. The disk drive of claim 5 further comprising:
a fourth disk mounted on the spindle, the fourth disk disposed further from the bottom surface than the first disk and the second disk and the third disk; and
a third stationary plate affixed to the disk drive base by the plurality of fasteners, the third stationary plate extending between the third and fourth disks and including a third plurality of fastener holes, each of the third plurality of fastener holes extending through the third stationary plate in a direction that is parallel to the axis of rotation;
wherein the third plurality of fastener holes are in alignment with the first plurality of fastener holes and the second plurality of fastener holes, and the plurality of fasteners extends through the third plurality of fastener holes.

13. The disk drive of claim 12 wherein the third stationary plate is not grooved adjacent each of the third plurality of fastener holes.

14. The disk drive of claim 12 wherein the third stationary plate includes a third plurality of grooves that are elongated orthogonally to the axis of rotation, each of the third plurality of grooves being adjacent to a corresponding one of the third plurality of fastener holes.

15. The disk drive of claim 14 wherein each of the third plurality of grooves angularly spans the corresponding one of the third plurality of fastener holes by a circumscribing angle of at least 70 degrees but no more than 110 degrees.

16. The disk drive of claim 5 wherein the first and second stationary plates comprise stainless steel, and the disk drive base comprises aluminum.

17. The disk drive of claim 12 wherein the first, second, and third stationary plates comprise stainless steel, and the disk drive base comprises aluminum.