### IN THE CO URT OF CR IMINAL APPEALS OF T ENN ESSEE
AT JACKSON

Ass ig ne d o n B rie fs Sep te m be r 14 , 20 10

STATE OF TENNESS EE v . BRUCE FRANKS, JR.

D i r e c t A p p e a l f

r o m t h e C i r c u i t C o u r t f o r H a r d i n C o u n t y
N o s

. 8 1 9 2
, 8 7 5 7
, 9 0 6 2 C

. C r e e d M c G i n l e y , J u d g e

N o

. W 2 0 1 0

- 0 0 3 1 2

- C C A

- R 3

- C D

- F i l e d N o v e m b e r 1 8
, 2 0 1 0



### T h e d ef en d an t, B ru ce F ran k s, Jr., h av in g p resen tly p led g u ilty to th irty -eig h t c o u n ts
in v o lv in g v an d alism , th ef t, b u rg lary , an d crim in al tresp ass, ap p eals th e trial co u rt’s d en ial

o f h is req u est f

o r an altern ativ e sen ten ce an d th e trial co u rt’s rev o catio n o f h is p ro b atio n in

tw o o th er cases. A f

ter rev iew , w e af

f irm th e j u d g m en ts o f

th e trial co u rt.

T e n n

. R

. A p p

. P

. 3 A p p e a l a s o f R i g h t ; J u d g m e n t s o f t h e C i r c u i t C o u r t A f f i r m e d

A LA N E

. G LE N N
, J

. , d e l i v e r e d t h e o p i n i o n o f t h e C o u r t

, i n w h i c h J

. C

. M C L IN a n d D

. K E LLY

T H O M A S

, J R

. , J J

. , j o i n e d

.

G u y T

. W i l k i n s o n , D i s t r i c t P u b l i c D e f e n d e r ; a n d R i c h a r d W

. D e B e r r y , A s s i s t a n t D i s t r i c t

P u b l i c D e f

e n d e r , f o r t h e a p p e l l a n t

, B r u c e F r a n k s , J r

.

R o b e r t E

. C o o p e r , J r

. , A t t o r n e y G e n e r a l a n d R e p o r t e r ; J

. R o s s D y e r , S e n i o r C o u n s e l

, H a n s e l

J a y M c C a d a m s , D i s t r i c t A t t o r n e y G e n e r a l ; a n d E d N

. M c D a n i e l

, A s s i s t a n t D i s t r i c t A t t o r n e y G e n e r a l

, f

o r t h e a p p e l l e e , S t a t e o f T e n n e s s e e

.

O P I N I O N



### F A C T S

In case n u m

b er 8 1 9 2

, th e d ef

en d an t w a s i n d i c t e d o n N o v em b er 2 5

, 2 0 0 2

, o n o n e

c o u n t o f arso n

. T h e d ef

en d an t p led g u ilty to th e o f f en se an d o n Ju n e 4

, 2 0 0 3

, r e c e i v e d a

sen ten ce o f th ree y ears w ith six ty d ay s to b e serv ed in j ail an d th e rem ain in g tw o y ears an d

ten m o n th s to b e s e r v e d o n co m m u n ity co rrectio n s. T h e d ef en d an t ap p ealed h is sen ten ce
to th is co u rt, an d w e af

f irm ed

. S ee S tate v

. B ru ce F ran k s, Jr., W2 0 0 3 -0 1 6 7 3 -C C A -R 3 -C D

, 2 0 0 4 WL 1 9 1 8 7 2 7

, at * 1 (T en n

. C rim

. A p p

. A u g

. 2 7

, 2 0 0 4 ), p erm

. to ap p eal d en ied (T en n

. D ec. 2 8 , 2 0 0 4 ).

### O n F eb ru ary 7 , 2 0 0 7 , a co m m

u n ity co rrectio n s v io latio n rep o rt w as f iled reg ard in g th e d ef en d an t. A cco rd in g to th e rep o rt, th e d ef en d an t v io lated th e term s o f h is co m m u n ity

co rrectio n s b y b ein g arrested f o r b u rg lary o f an au to m o b ile, testin g p o sitiv e f o r m arij u an a,

an d f ailin g to ab id e b y cu r f

e w r e q u irem en ts. T h e d ef en d an t’s co m m

u n ity co rrectio n s

sen ten ce w as rev o k ed o n M arch 2 4 , 2 0 0 8

.

M ean w h ile, o n N o v em

b er 1 9

, 2 0 0 7

, th e d ef

en d an t w as in d icted in case n u m b er 8 7 5 7

o f tw o co u n ts o f b u rg lary o f an au to m o b ile. H e p led g u ilty to b o th co u n ts an d o n M arch 2 4

, 2 0 0 8

, h e w as sen ten ced to o n e y e ar o n each co n v ictio n w ith th e sen ten ces to b e serv ed

co n cu rren tly an d o n p ro b atio n

. T h e co u rt also p laced th e d ef en d an t o n p ro b atio n f

o r h is

p rio r arso n co n v ictio n an d o rd ered th at h is n ew o n e-y ear sen ten ce b e serv ed co n secu tiv ely

to h is th ree-y ear sen ten ce f o r arso n

.

O n A p ril 8

, 2 0 0 9

, a p ro b atio n v io latio n rep o rt w as f iled o n th e d ef

en d an t. A cco rd in g
to th e rep o rt, th e d ef

en d an t v io lated th e term s o f h is p ro b atio n b y b ein g arrested f o r th irty

eig h t n ew ch arg es an d f

o r u sin g m arij u an a.

O n Ju ly 2 0

, 2 0 0 9

, th e d ef en d an t w as in d icted in case n u m b er 9 0 6 2 o n sev en co u n ts

o f v an d alism

, f

iv e co u n ts o f th ef

t o f p ro p erty

, f

if teen co u n ts o f b u rg lary o f a v eh icle, eig h t

co u n ts o f b u rg lary

, tw o co u n ts o f ag g rav ated b u rg lary

, an d o n e co u n t o f crim in al tresp ass. T h e d ef en d an t p led g u ilty to all co u n ts an d receiv ed sen ten ces ran g in g f ro m elev en m o n th s,
tw en ty -n in e d ay s to f

iv e y ears. P u rsu an t to th e p lea ag reem en t, all th irty -eig h t co u n ts w ere
to b e serv ed co n cu rren tly f o r an ef f ectiv e sen ten ce o f f

iv e y ears b u t co n secu tiv ely w ith h is

sen ten ces in th e o th er cases.

A h earin g co n cern in g th e d ef en d an t’s req u est f

o r an altern ativ e sen ten ce in case

n u m b er 9 0 6 2 an d th e p ro b atio n v io latio n rep o rt in case n u m b ers 8 1 9 2 an d 8 7 5 7 w as h eld

o n Jan u ary 7

, 2 0 1 0

. A t th e co n clu sio n o f th e h earin g , th e co u rt f o u n d th at th e d ef

en d an t w as

n o t an ap p ro p riate can d id ate f o r altern ativ e sen ten cin g an d th at th ere w as “o v erw h elm in g

ev id en ce th at [ th e d ef

en d an t] v io lated th e term s an d co n d itio n s o f h is p ro b atio n .”

A N A L Y S I S

I

. A l t e r n a t i v e S e n t e n c e

T h e d e f e n d a n t f i r s t a r g u e s t h a t t h e t r i a l c o u r t e r r e d i n d e n y i n g h i s r e q u e s t f o r a n

a l t e r n a t i v e s e n t e n c e , s p e c i f i c a l l y c o m m u n i t y c o r r e c t i o n s o r p r o b a t i o n , i n c a s e n u m b e r 9 0 6 2

. 

### Wh en an accu sed ch allen g es th e len g th an d m an n er o f serv ice o f a sen ten ce, it is th e d u ty

o f th is co u rt to co n d u ct a d e n o v o r e v i e w o n th e reco rd “w ith a p resu m p tio n th at th e d eterm in atio n s m ad e b y th e co u rt f ro m w h ich th e ap p eal is tak en are co rrect.” T en n

. C o d e

-2-

### A n n

. § 4 0 -3 5 -4 0 1 (d ) (2 0 0 6 ). T h is p resu m p tio n is “co n d itio n ed u p o n th e af f irm ativ e sh o w in g in th e reco rd th at th e trial co u rt co n sid ered th e sen ten cin g p rin cip les an d all
relev an t f acts an d circu m stan ces.” S tate v

. A sh b y , 8 2 3 S .W.2 d 1 6 6

, 1 6 9 (T en n

. 1 9 9 1 ). T h e

p resu m p tio n d o es n o t ap p ly to th e leg al co n clu sio n s reach ed b y th e trial co u rt in sen ten cin g th e accu s e d o r t o th e d eterm in atio n s m ad e b y th e trial co u rt w h ich are p red icated u p o n

u n co n tro v erted f

acts. S tate v

. B u tler, 9 0 0 S .W.2 d 3 0 5

, 3 1 1 (T en n

. C rim

. A p p

. 1 9 9 4 ); S tate

v

. S m ith

, 8 9 1 S .W.2 d 9 2 2

, 9 2 9 (T en n

. C rim

. A p p

. 1 9 9 4 ); S tate v

. B o n estel, 8 7 1 S .W.2 d 1 6 3

, 1 6 6 (T en n

. C rim

. A p p

. 1 9 9 3 ), o v erru led o n o th er g ro u n d s b y S tate v

. H o o p er , 2 9 S .W.3 d

1 , 9 (T en n . 2 0 0 0 ).

In co n d u ctin g a d

e n o vo rev iew o f a sen ten ce, th is co u rt m u st co n sid er (a) an y

ev id en ce receiv ed at th e trial an d /o r sen ten cin g h earin g , (b ) th e p resen ten ce rep o rt, (c) th e

p rin cip les o f sen ten cin g , (d ) th e arg u m en ts o f co u n sel relativ e to sen ten cin g altern ativ es, (e)
th e n atu re an d ch aracteristics o f th e o f f en se, (f ) an y m itig atin g o r en h an cem en t f acto rs, (g )

an y statistical in f

o rm atio n p ro v id ed b y th e ad m in istrat i ve off ice o f th e co u rts as to T en n essee

sen ten cin g p ractices f

o r sim ilar o f

f en ses; (h ) an y statem en ts m ad e b y th e accu sed in h is o w n b eh alf ; an d (i) th e accu sed ’s p o ten tial o r lack o f p o ten tial f o r reh ab ilitatio n o r treatm en t.
T en n

. C o d e A n n

. § § 4 0 -3 5 -1 0 3 , -2 1 0 (2 0 0 6 ); S tate v

. T ay lo r, 6 3 S .W.3 d 4 0 0

, 4 1 1 (T en n

. C r i m. A p p

. 2 0 0 1 ). T h e p arty ch allen g in g th e sen ten ce im p o sed b y th e trial co u rt h as th e b u rd en o f estab lish in g th at th e sen ten ce is erro n eo u s. T en n

. C o d e A n n

. § 4 0 -3 5 -4 0 1 (2 0 0 6 ),
S en ten cin g C o m

m issio n C m ts.; A sh b y , 8 2 3 S .W.2 d at 1 6 9

.

U n d er th e rev ised T en n essee sen ten cin g statu tes, a d ef en d an t is n o lo n g er p resu m ed

to b e a f av o rab le can d id ate f

o r altern ativ e sen ten cin g

. S tate v

. C arter, 2 5 4 S .W.3 d 3 3 5

, 3 4 7 (T en n

. 2 0 0 8 ) (citin g T en n

. C o d e A n n

. § 4 0

- 3 5 -1 0 2 (6 ) (2 0 0 6 )). In stead

, th e “ad v iso ry ”

sen ten cin g g u id elin es p ro v id e th at a d ef en d an t “w h o is an esp ecially m itig ated o r stan d ard

o f f en d er co n v icted o f a C lass C

, D o r E f elo n y , sh o u ld b e co n sid er e d a s a f a v o rab le

can d id ate f

o r altern ativ e sen ten cin g o p tio n s in th e ab sen ce o f ev id en ce to th e co n trary .”

T en n . C o d e A n n . § 4 0 -3 5 -1 0 2 (6 ) (2 0 0 6 ).

T o q u alif y f o r co n sid eratio n f

o r p u n ish m en t in th e co m m u n ity

, an o f

f en d er m u st m eet all o f th e f o llo w in g criteria:

(A ) P erso n s w h o , w ith o u t t h i s o p tio n , w o u ld b e in carcerated in a

co rrectio n al in stitu tio n ;

(B ) P erso n s w h o are co n v icted o f p ro p erty -related

, o r d ru g -o r alco h o l-related f

elo n y o f f en ses o r o th er f

elo n y o f f en ses n o t in v o lv in g crim es

ag ain st th e p erso n as p ro v id ed in title 3 9 , ch ap ter 1 3 , p arts 1 -5 ;

-3-

### (C ) P erso n s w h o are co n v icted o f n o n v io len t f

elo n y o f f en ses;

(D ) P erso n s w h o are co n v icted o f f elo n y o f f en ses in w h ich th e u se o r

p o ssessio n o f

a w eap o n w as n o t in v o lv ed ;

(E ) P erso n s w h o d o n o t d em o n strate a p resen t o r p ast p a ttern o f
b eh av io r in d icatin g v io len ce; [ an d ]

(F ) P erso n s w h o d o n o t d em o n strate a p attern o f co m m ittin g v io len t

o f f en ses[ .]

T en n

. C o d e A n n

. § 4 0 -3 6 -1 0 6 (a)(1 ) (2 0 0 6 ). U n d er th e “sp ecial n eed s” p ro v isi o n o f th e
statu te, an o f

f en d er w h o d o es n o t o t h e r w ise m eet th e criteria ab o v e “an d w h o w o u ld b e

u su ally co n sid ered u n f

it f o r p ro b atio n d u e to h isto ries o f ch ro n ic alco h o l o r d ru g ab u se, o r

m en tal h ealth p ro b lem s, b u t w h o se sp ecial n eed s are treatab le an d co u ld b e serv ed b est in
th e co m m

u n ity ” m ay b e co n sid ered elig ib le f o r a co m m

u n ity co rrectio n s sen ten ce. Id

. §

4 0 -3 6 -1 0 6 (c) (2 0 0 6 ).

A d ef en d an t w h o receiv es a sen ten ce o f ten y ears o r less is elig ib le f o r p ro b atio n ,
su b j ect to certain ex cep tio n s. T en n

. C o d e A n n

. § 4 0 -3 5 -3 0 3 (a) (2 0 0 6 ). E v en if elig ib l e , h o w ev er, th e d ef

en d an t is n o t au to m atically en titled to p ro b atio n as a m atter o f la w

. S e e T e n n

. C o d e A n n

. § 4 0 -3 5 -3 0 3 (b ). T h e b u rd en is o n th e d ef en d an t to sh o w th e d en ia l o f

p ro b atio n w as im

p ro p er. Id .; see also S tate v

. S u m m ers, 1 5 9 S .W.3 d 5 8 6

, 5 9 9 -6 0 0 (T en n

. C rim

. A p p

. 2 0 0 4 ) (citin g A sh b y , 8 2 3 S .W.2 d at 1 6 9 ); S tate v

. B ak er, 9 6 6 S .W.2 d 4 2 9

, 4 3 4 (T en n

. C rim

. A p p

. 1 9 9 7 ) (statin g th at “[ a] crim in al d ef en d an t seek in g f

u ll p ro b atio n b ears th e b u rd en o n a p p eal o f sh o w in g th e sen ten ce actu ally im p o sed is im

p ro p er, an d th at f

u ll

p ro b atio n w ill b e in b o th th e b est in terest o f th e d ef en d an t an d th e p u b lic”).

T h ere is n o b rig h t lin e ru le f o r d eterm in in g w h en a d ef en d an t sh o u ld b e g r a n t e d

p ro b atio n

. S tate v

. B in g h am , 9 1 0 S .W.2 d 4 4 8

, 4 5 6 (T en n

. C rim

. A p p

. 1 9 9 5 ), o v erru led o n

o th er g ro u n d s b y H o o p er, 2 9 S .W.3 d at 9 -1 0

. E ve r y sen ten cin g d ecisio n n ecessarily req u ires

a case-b y -case an aly sis. Id

. F acto rs to b e co n sid ered in clu d e th e circu m stan ces su rro u n d in g th e o f f en se, th e d ef

en d an t’s cr i mi n al reco rd

, th e d ef en d an t’s so cial h isto ry an d p resen t

co n d itio n , th e n eed f

o r d eterren ce, an d th e b est in terest o f th e d e f en d an t an d th e p u b lic.
S tate v

. G o o d e, 9 5 6 S .W.2 d 5 2 1

, 5 2 7 (T en n

. C rim

. A p p

. 1 9 9 7 ). A n o th er ap p ro p riate f acto r f o r a trial co u rt to co n sid er in d eterm in in g w h eth er to g ran t p r o b a t i o n is a d ef en d an t’s
cred ib ility o r lack th ereo f

, as th is ref

lects o n th e d ef

en d an t’s p o ten tial f

o r reh ab ilitatio n

. Id

. A lso relev an t is w h eth er a sen ten ce o f p ro b atio n w o u ld u n d u ly d ep reciate th e serio u sn ess

o f th e o f f en se. S ee S tat e v

. D av is, 9 4 0 S .W.2 d 5 5 8

, 5 5 9 (T en n

. 1 9 9 7 ); B in g h am , 9 1 0
S .W.2 d at 4 5 6

.

-4-

### A trial co u rt m ay d en y altern ativ e sen ten cin g an d sen ten ce a d e f e n d a n t to

co n f in em en t b ased o n an y

o n e o f th e f o llo w in g co n sid eratio n s:

(A ) C o n f in em en t is n ece s s ary to p ro tect so ciety b y restrain in g a d ef en d an t w h o h as a lo n g h isto ry o f crim in al co n d u ct;

(B ) C o n f in em en t is n ecessary to av o id d ep reciatin g th e serio u sn ess o f
th e o f f en se o r co n f

i n e me n t is p articu larly su ited to p ro v id e an ef f ectiv e d eterren ce to o th ers lik ely to co m m it sim ilar o f

f en ses; o r

(C ) M easu res less restrictiv e th an co n f in em en t h a v e f

req u en tly o r

recen tly b een ap p lied u n su ccessf u lly to th e d ef

en d an t.

T en n

. C o d e A n n

. § 4 0 -3 5 -1 0 3 (1 ) (2 0 0 6 ). F u rth erm o re, th e d ef en d an t’s p o ten tial f

o r reh ab ilitatio n o r lack th ereo f sh o u ld b e ex am in ed w h en d eterm in in g w h eth er an altern ativ e

sen ten ce is ap p ro p riate. Id . § 4 0 -3 5 -1 0 3 (5 ).

I n d e n y i n g a n a l t e r n a t i v e s e n t e n c e , t h e t r i a l c o u r t f i r s t n o t e d t h a t t h e d e f

e n d a n t

a p p a r e n t l y s u f

f e r e d f r o m a m e n t a l d i s a b i l i t y , b u t t h a t “ [ h ] e w a s f o u n d c o m p e t e n t a n d t h a t [ a n ]

i n s a n i t y d e f

e n s e w o u l d n o t b e s u p p o r t [ e d ]

. ” T h e c o u r t o b s e r v e d t h a t t h e d e f e n d a n t

e s s e n t i a l l y c o m m i t t e d “ a c r i m e w a v e , ” a n d h e a l s o h a d p r i o r f e l o n y c o n v i c t i o n s a n d

r e v o c a t i o n o f p r o b a t i o n

.

W e i n i t i a l l y n o t e t h a t e v e n i f t h e d e f e n d a n t s a t i s f

i e d t h e r e q u i r e m e n t s f

o r c o m m u n i t y

c o r r e c t i o n s , i t d o e s n o t n e c e s s a r i l y f o l l o w t h a t c o m m u n i t y c o r r e c t i o n s w a s t h e m o s t

a p p r o p r i a t e s a n c t i o n i n t h i s c a s e

. T e n n e s s e e C o d e A n n o t a t e d s e c t i o n 4 0

- 3 6

- 1 0 6 e s t a b l i s h e s

o n l y t h e e l i g i b i l i t y r e q u i r e m e n t s f o r c o m m u n i t y c o r r e c t i o n s

. I t d o e s n o t c r e a t e a n e n t i t l e m e n t

o f f r e e d o m f r o m c o n f i n e m e n t

. T h e t r i a l c o u r t r e t a i n s t h e d i s c r e t i o n t o i m p o s e i n c a r c e r a t i o n i n a p p r o p r i a t e c a s e s

. L i k e w i s e , t h e d e f e n d a n t

, a l t h o u g h e l i g i b l e , w a s n o t e n t i t l e d t o a

s e n t e n c e o f p r o b a t i o n , a n d o n a p p e a l

, i t i s t h e d e f e n d a n t ’ s b u r d e n t o p r o v e t h a t t h e d e n i a l o f

p r o b a t i o n w a s i m p r o p e r

.

I n t h i s c a s e , t h e r e c o r d s u p p o r t s t h e t r i a l c o u r t ’ s i m p o s i t i o n o f a s e n t e n c e o f

c o n f i n e m e n t 

### b ecau se m easu res less restrictiv e th an co n f in em en t h ad f

req u en tly an d recen tly
b een ap p lied u n su ccessf

u lly to th e d ef

en d an t

. T h e r e c o r d s h o w s t h a t t h e d e f e n d a n t w a s

p l a c e d o n c o m m u n i t y c o r r e c t i o n s f o r h i s a r s o n c o n v i c t i o n i n J u n e 2 0 0 3

, a n d a f t e r a n

u n s u c c e s s f

u l a p p e a l

, s u p e r v i s i o n b e g a n i n F e b r u a r y 2 0 0 5

. H i s c o m m u n i t y c o r r e c t i o n s w a s

r e v o k e d i n M a r c h 2 0 0 8 d u e t o h i s a r r e s t f o r b u r g l a r y o f a n a u t o m o b i l e , f a i l i n g a d r u g s c r e e n ,

a n d n o t o b s e r v i n g c u r f e w

. T h e d e f

e n d a n t w a s t h e n p l a c e d o n p r o b a t i o n f o r a l l t h r e e

c o n v i c t i o n s

. H o w e v e r , t h e d e f e n d a n t d i d n o t a b i d e b y t h e r e q u i r e m e n t s o f p r o b a t i o n b e c a u s e

-5-h e f

a i l e d a d r u g s c r e e n a n d c o m m i t t e d t h e t h i r t y

- e i g h t c r i m e s f o r w h i c h h e n o w r e q u e s t s a n

a l t e r n a t i v e s e n t e n c e

.

T h e r e c o r d s h o w s t h a t t h e d e f e n d a n t h a s r e c e n t l y , a n d o n m o r e t h a n o n e o c c a s i o n , b e e n g i v e n t h e o p p o r t u n i t y t o t a k e a d v a n t a g e o f m e a s u r e s l e s s r e s t r i c t i v e t h a n c o n f i n e m e n t

. Y e t

, h e f a i l e d t o a b i d e b y t h e t e c h n i c a l r e q u i r e m e n t s a n d c o n t i n u e d t o p i c k u p n e w c h a r g e s

. T h u s , t h e r e c o r d s u p p o r t s t h e t r i a l c o u r t ’ s d e n i a l o f a n a l t e r n a t i v e s e n t e n c e

.

I I

. R e v o c a t i o n o f P r o b a t i o n

T h e d e f e n d a n t a r g u e s t h a t t h e t r i a l c o u r t e r r e d i n r e v o k i n g h i s p r o b a t i o n i n c a s e

n u m b e r s 8 1 9 2 a n d 8 7 5 7

. H e a s s e r t s t h a t “ t h e [ c ] o u r t s h o u l d n o t h a v e r e v o k e d h i s p r o b a t i o n d u e t o h i s d i s a b i l i t y

. ”

A t r i a l c o u r t i s g r a n t e d b r o a d a u t h o r i t y t o r e v o k e a s u s p e n d e d s e n t e n c e a n d t o r e i n s t a t e

t h e o r i g i n a l s e n t e n c e i f

i t f i n d s b y t h e p r e p o n d e r a n c e o f t h e e v i d e n c e t h a t t h e d e f e n d a n t h a s

v i o l a t e d t h e t e r m s o f h i s o r h e r p r o b a t i o n a n d s u s p e n s i o n o f s e n t e n c e

. T e n n

. C o d e A n n

. § §

4 0

- 3 5

- 3 1 0

, - 3 1 1 ( S u p p

. 2 0 0 9 )

. T h e r e v o c a t i o n o f p r o b a t i o n l i e s w i t h i n t h e s o u n d d i s c r e t i o n

o f t h e t r i a l c o u r t

. S t a t e v

. S h a f f e r , 4 5 S

. W

. 3 d 5 5 3

, 5 5 4 ( T e n n

. 2 0 0 1 ) ; S t a t e v

. H a r k i n s , 8 1 1

S

. W

. 2 d 7 9

, 8 2 ( T e n n

. 1 9 9 1 ) ; S t a t e v

. S t u b b l e f i e l d

, 9 5 3 S

. W

. 2 d 2 2 3

, 2 2 6 ( T e n n

. C r i m

. A p p

. 1 9 9 7 ) ; S t a t e v

. M i t c h e l l

, 8 1 0 S

. W

. 2 d 7 3 3

, 7 3 5 ( T e n n

. C r i m

. A p p

. 1 9 9 1 )

. T o s h o w a n a b u s e

o f d i s c r e t i o n i n a p r o b a t i o n r e v o c a t i o n c a s e , “ a d e f e n d a n t m u s t d e m o n s t r a t e ‘ t h a t t h e r e c o r d

c o n t a i n s n o s u b s t a n t i a l e v i d e n c e t o s u p p o r t t h e c o n c l u s i o n o f t h e t r i a l j u d g e t h a t a v i o l a t i o n

o f t h e c o n d i t i o n s o f p r o b a t i o n h a s o c c u r r e d

. ’ ” S t a t e v

. W a l l

, 9 0 9 S

. W

. 2 d 8

, 1 0 ( T e n n

. C r i m

. A p p

. 1 9 9 4 ) ( q u o t i n g S t a t e v

. D e l p , 6 1 4 S

. W

. 2 d 3 9 5

, 3 9 8 ( T e n n

. C r i m

. A p p

. 1 9 8 0 ) )

. T h e

p r o o f o f a p r o b a t i o n v i o l a t i o n n e e d n o t b e e s t a b l i s h e d b e y o n d a r e a s o n a b l e d o u b t

, b u t i t i s

s u f f i c i e n t i f i t a l l o w s t h e t r i a l c o u r t t o m a k e a c o n s c i e n t i o u s a n d i n t e l l i g e n t j u d g m e n t

. H a r k i n s , 8 1 1 S

. W

. 2 d a t 8 2 ( c i t i n g S t a t e v

. M i l t o n , 6 7 3 S

. W

. 2 d 5 5 5

, 5 5 7 ( T e n n

. C r i m

. A p p

. 1 9 8 4 ) )

.

T h e t r i a l c o u r t i s e x p r e s s l y a u t h o r i z e d b y s t a t u t e t o r e i n s t a t e a d e f e n d a n t ’ s o r i g i n a l

s e n t e n c e u p o n a f

i n d i n g t h a t t h e d e f

e n d a n t h a s v i o l a t e d t h e t e r m s o f h i s o r h e r p r o b a t i o n

. S e e
T e n n

. C o d e A n n

. § § 4 0

- 3 5

- 3 1 0

, - 3 1 1 ( 2 0 0 6 ) ; S t a t e v

. H u n t e r , 1 S

. W

. 3 d 6 4 3

, 6 4 6 ( T e n n

. 1 9 9 9 )

. U p o n a f

i n d i n g t h a t a v i o l a t i o n h a s o c c u r r e d

, t h e t r i a l c o u r t m a y , i n i t s d i s c r e t i o n ,

e i t h e r : ( 1 ) o r d e r i n c a r c e r a t i o n ; ( 2 ) o r d e r t h a t t h e o r i g i n a l e n t i r e p r o b a t i o n a r y p e r i o d b e g i n

a n e w ; o r ( 3 ) e x t e n d t h e p r o b a t i o n a r y p e r i o d b y u p t o t w o y e a r s

. S e e H u n t e r , 1 S

. W

. 3 d a t 6 4 4 ;

s e e a l s o T e n n

. C o d e A n n

. § § 4 0

- 3 5

- 3 1 0

, - 3 1 1 ( e )

, - 3 0 8 ( c ) ( 2 0 0 6 ) )

.

I n r e v o k i n g t h e d e f

e n d a n t ’ s p r o b a t i o n i n c a s e n u m b e r s 8 1 9 2 a n d 8 7 5 7

, t h e t r i a l c o u r t
f o u n d t h a t t h e r e w a s “ o v e r w h e l m i n g e v i d e n c e t h a t [ t h e d e f e n d a n t ] v i o l a t e d t h e t e r m s a n d

-6-c o n d i t i o n s o f h i s p r o b a t i o n

. ” T h e t r i a l c o u r t o r d e r e d t h a t t h e d e f e n d a n t s e r v e t h e f

o u r

- y e a r

s e n t e n c e i n t h e D e p a r t m e n t o f C o r r e c t i o n

. A g a i n , t h e d e f e n d a n t a r g u e s t h a t t h e t r i a l c o u r t

s h o u l d n o t h a v e r e v o k e d h i s p r o b a t i o n b e c a u s e h e h a s a “ d i s a b i l i t y

. ” E v e n i f t h i s c l a i m i s

t r u e , t h e c o u r t h a d n o o b l i g a t i o n t o g r a n t h i m a n o t h e r n o n

- i n c a r c e r a t i v e s e n t e n c e

. T o t h e

e x t e n t h e i s a r g u i n g t h a t t h e r e c o r d c o n t a i n s n o s u b s t a n t i a l e v i d e n c e t o s u p p o r t t h e d e c i s i o n

o f t h e t r i a l c o u r t

, w e d i s a g r e e

. T h e r e c o r d s h o w s t h a t t h e d e f e n d a n t w a s o n p r o b a t i o n f o r t w o b u r g l a r y o f a v e h i c l e c o n v i c t i o n s a n d a n a r s o n c o n v i c t i o n w h e n h e c o m m i t t e d t h e t h i r t y

- e i g h t

n e w c r i m e s t o w h i c h h e p l e d g u i l t y

. B a s e d o n t h e d e f e n d a n t ’ s c l e a r v i o l a t i o n o f t h e t e r m s

a n d c o n d i t i o n s o f h i s p r o b a t i o n , w e c a n n o t c o n c l u d e t h a t t h e t r i a l c o u r t a b u s e d i t s d i s c r e t i o n i n r e v o k i n g t h e d e f

e n d a n t ’ s p r o b a t i o n

.

C O N C L U S I O N

B a s e d o n t h e f

o r e g o i n g a u t h o r i t i e s a n d r e a s o n i n g , w e a f f i r m t h e j u d g m e n t s o f t h e t r i a l

c o u r t

.

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ A L A N E

. G L E N N

, J U D G E

-7-