# Supreme Court Nominations (1789-Present)

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| The Constitution requires the president to submit nominations to the Senate for its advice and consent. 			  Since the Supreme Court was established in 1789, presidents have submitted 165 nominations for the Court, including those for chief justice.  Of this total, 			  128 were confirmed (7 declined to serve).  This chart lists nominations officially submitted to the Senate. 			                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    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| Nominee

To Replace

Nominated*

Vote**

Result  & Date***
					President Biden, Joseph R., Jr.Jackson, Ketanji BrownBreyerFeb 28, 202253-47   						No.						 134CApr 7, 2022					President Trump, DonaldBarrett, Amy ConeyGinsburgSep 29, 202052-48   						No.						 224COct 26, 2020Kavanaugh, BrettKennedyJul 10, 201850-48   						No.						 223COct 6, 2018Gorsuch, Neil M.ScaliaFeb 1, 201754-45   						No.						 111CApr 7, 2017					President Obama, Barack Garland, Merrick B. ScaliaMar 16, 2016NKagan, ElenaStevensMay 10, 201063-37   						No.						 229CAug 5, 2010Sotomayor, SoniaSouterJun 1, 200968-31   						No.						 262CAug 6, 2009					President Bush, George W. Alito, Samuel A., Jr.O'ConnorNov 10, 200558-42   						No.						 2CJan 31, 2006Miers, HarrietO'ConnorOct 7, 2005WOct 28, 2005Roberts, John G., Jr.1RehnquistSep 6, 200578-22   						No.						 245CSep 29, 2005Roberts, John G., Jr.O'ConnorJul 29, 2005WSep 6, 2005					President Clinton, Bill Breyer, Stephen G. BlackmunMay 17, 199487-9   						No.						 242CJul 29, 1994Ginsburg, Ruth Bader WhiteJun 22, 199396-3   						No.						 232CAug 3, 1993					President Bush, George H.W. Thomas, Clarence MarshallJul 8, 199152-48   						No.						 220COct 15, 1991Souter, David H. BrennanJul 25, 199090-9   						No.						 259COct 2, 1990					President Reagan, Ronald Kennedy, Anthony M. PowellNov 30, 198797-0   						No.						 16CFeb 3, 1988Bork, Robert H. PowellJul 7, 198742-58   						No.						 348ROct 23, 1987Scalia, Antonin RehnquistJun 24, 198698-0   						No.						 267CSep 17, 1986Rehnquist, William H. 2BurgerJun 20, 198665-33   						No.						 266CSep 17, 1986O'Connor, Sandra DayStewartAug 19, 198199-0   						No.						 274CSep 21, 1981					President Ford, Gerald Stevens, John Paul DouglasNov 28, 197598-0   						No.						 603CDec 17, 1975					President Nixon, Richard Rehnquist, William H. HarlanOct 22, 197168-26   						No.						 450CDec 10, 1971Powell, Lewis F., Jr.BlackOct 22, 197189-1   						No.						 439CDec 6, 1971Blackmun, Harry FortasApr 15, 197094-0   						No.						 143CMay 12, 1970Carswell, G. Harrold FortasJan 19, 197045-51   						No.						 122RApr 8, 1970Haynsworth, Clement, Jr.FortasAug 21, 196945-55   						No.						 154RNov 21, 1969Burger, Warren 3WarrenMay 23, 196974-3   						No.						 35CJun 9, 1969					President Johnson, Lyndon Thornberry, Homer FortasJun 26, 1968WOct 4, 1968Fortas, Abe 4WarrenJun 26, 1968WOct 4, 1968Marshall, Thurgood ClarkJun 13, 196769-11   						No.						 240CAug 30, 1967Fortas, Abe GoldbergJul 28, 1965VCAug 11, 1965					President Kennedy, John Goldberg, Arthur FrankfurterAug 31, 1962VCSep 25, 1962White, Byron WhittakerApr 3, 1962VCApr 11, 1962					President Eisenhower, Dwight Stewart, Potter BurtonJan 17, 195970-17CMay 5, 1959Whittaker, Charles ReedMar 2, 1957VCMar 19, 1957Brennan, William, Jr.MintonJan 14, 1957VCMar 19, 1957Harlan, John JacksonJan 10, 195571-11CMar 16, 1955Harlan, John JacksonNov 9, 1954NWarren, Earl 5VinsonJan 11, 1954VCMar 1, 1954					President Truman, Harry Minton, ShermanRutledgeSep 15, 194948-16COct 4, 1949Clark, Tom MurphyAug 2, 194973-8CAug 18, 1949Vinson, Fred 6StoneJun 6, 1946VCJun 20, 1946Burton, HaroldRobertsSep 18, 1945VCSep 19, 1945					President Roosevelt, Franklin Rutledge, Wiley ByrnesJan 11, 1943VCFeb 8, 1943Jackson, Robert StoneJun 12, 1941VCJul 7, 1941Byrnes, James McReynoldsJun 12, 1941VCJun 12, 1941Stone, Harlan 7HughesJun 12, 1941VCJun 27, 1941Murphy, Frank ButlerJan 4, 1940VCJan 16, 1940Douglas, William BrandeisMar 20, 193962-4CApr 4, 1939Frankfurter, Felix CardozoJan 5, 1939VCJan 17, 1939Reed, Stanley SutherlandJan 15, 1938VCJan 25, 1938Black, Hugo Van DevanterAug 12, 193763-16CAug 17, 1937					President Hoover, Herbert Cardozo, Benjamin HolmesFeb 15, 1932VCFeb 24, 1932Roberts, Owen SanfordMay 9, 1930VCMay 20, 1930Parker, John SanfordMar 21, 193039-41RMay 7, 1930Hughes, Charles 8TaftFeb 3, 193052-26CFeb 13, 1930					President Coolidge, Calvin Stone, Harlan McKennaJan 5, 192571-6CFeb 5, 1925					President Harding, Warren Sanford, Edward PitneyJan 24, 1923VCJan 29, 1923Butler, Pierce DayDec 5, 192261-8CDec 21, 1922Butler, Pierce DayNov 21, 1922NSutherland, George ClarkeSep 5, 1922VCSep 5, 1922Taft, William 9WhiteJun 30, 192160-4CJun 30, 1921					President Wilson, Woodrow Clarke, John HughesJul 14, 1916VCJul 24, 1916Brandeis, Louis LamarJan 28, 191647-22CJun 1, 1916McReynolds, James LurtonAug 19, 191444-6CAug 29, 1914					President Taft, William Pitney, Mahlon HarlanFeb 19, 191250-26CMar 13, 1912Lamar, Joseph MoodyDec 12, 1910VCDec 15, 1910Devanter, Willis Van WhiteDec 12, 1910VCDec 15, 1910White, Edward10FullerDec 12, 1910VCDec 12, 1910Hughes, Charles BrewerApr 25, 1910VCMay 2, 1910Lurton, Horace PeckhamDec 13, 1909VCDec 20, 1909					President Roosevelt, Theodore Moody, William BrownDec 3, 1906VCDec 12, 1906Day, William ShirasFeb 19, 1903VCFeb 23, 1903Holmes, Oliver GrayDec 2, 1902VCDec 4, 1902					President McKinley, William McKenna, Joseph FieldDec 16, 1897VCJan 21, 1898					President Cleveland, Grover Peckham, Rufus JacksonDec 3, 1895VCDec 9, 1895White, Edward BlatchfordFeb 19, 1894VCFeb 19, 1894Peckham, Wheeler BlatchfordJan 22, 189432-41RFeb 16, 1894Hornblower, William BlatchfordDec 5, 189324-30RJan 15, 1894Hornblower, William BlatchfordSep 19, 1893N					President Harrison, BenjaminJackson, Howell LamarFeb 2, 1893VCFeb 18, 1893Shiras, George,  Jr.BradleyJul 19, 1892VCJul 26, 1892Brown, Henry MillerDec 23, 1890VCDec 29, 1890Brewer, David MatthewsDec 4, 188953-11CDec 18, 1889					President Cleveland, Grover Fuller, Melville 11WaiteApr 30, 188841-20CJul 20, 1888Lamar, Lucius WoodsDec 6, 188732-28CJan 16, 1888					President Arthur, ChesterBlatchford, Samuel HuntMar 13, 1882VCMar 22, 1882Conkling, Roscoe HuntFeb 24, 188239-12DMar 2, 1882Gray, Horace CliffordDec 19, 188151-5CDec 20, 1881					President Garfield, James Stanley MatthewsSwayneMar 14, 188124-23CMay 12, 1881					President Hayes, Rutherford Matthews, Stanley SwayneJan 26, 1881NWoods, William StrongDec 15, 188039-8CDec 21, 1880Harlan, John DavisOct 16, 1877VCNov 29, 1877					President Grant, Ulysses Waite, Morrison12ChaseJan 19, 187463-0CJan 21, 1874Cushing, Caleb13ChaseJan 9, 1874WJan 13, 1874Williams, George 14ChaseDec 1, 1873WJan 8, 1874Hunt, WardNelsonDec 3, 1872VCDec 11, 1872Bradley, Joseph (new seat)Feb 7, 187046-9CMar 21, 1870Strong, William GrierFeb 7, 1870CFeb 18, 1870Stanton, Edwin15GrierDec 20, 186946-11CDec 20, 1869Hoar, Ebenezer(new seat)Dec 14, 186924-33RFeb 3, 1870					President Johnson, AndrewStanbery, HenryCatronApr 16, 1866N					President Lincoln, Abraham Chase, Salmon 16TaneyDec 6, 1864VCDec 6, 1864Field, Stephen (new seat)Mar 6, 1863VCMar 10, 1863Davis, David CampbellDec 1, 1862VCDec 8, 1862Miller, Samuel DanielJul 16, 1862VCJul 16, 1862Swayne, Noah McLeanJan 21, 186238-1CJan 24, 1862					President Buchanan, James Black, Jeremiah DanielFeb 5, 186125-26RFeb 21, 1861Clifford, Nathan CurtisDec 9, 185726-23CJan 12, 1858					President Pierce, Franklin Campbell, John McKinleyMar 21, 1853VCMar 22, 1853					President Fillmore, Millard Micou, William McKinleyFeb 14, 1853NBadger, George McKinleyJan 3, 1853WFeb 14, 1853Bradford, Edward McKinleyAug 16, 1852NCurtis, BenjaminWoodburyDec 11, 1851VCDec 20, 1851					President Polk, James Grier, Robert BaldwinAug 3, 1846VCAug 4, 1846Woodbury, Levi StoryDec 23, 1845VCJan 3, 1846Woodward, George BaldwinDec 23, 184520-29RJan 22, 1846					President Tyler, John Read, John BaldwinFeb 7, 1845NNelson, SamuelThompsonFeb 4, 1845VCFeb 14, 1845Walworth, Reuben ThompsonDec 4, 1844WFeb 4, 1845King, Edward BaldwinDec 4, 1844WFeb 7, 1845Walworth, Reuben 17ThompsonJun 17, 1844NJun 17, 1844Spencer, JohnThompsonJun 17, 1844WJun 17, 1844King, Edward BaldwinJun 5, 184429-18PJun 15, 1844Walworth, ReubenThompsonMar 13, 184427-20WJun 17, 1844Spencer, John ThompsonJan 8, 184421-26RJan 31, 1844					President Van Buren, Martin Daniel, Peter BarbourFeb 26, 184125-5CMar 2, 1841McKinley, John (new seat)Sep 18, 1837VCSep 25, 1837					President Jackson, Andrew Catron, John (new seat)Mar 3, 183728-15CMar 8, 1837Smith, William (new seat)Mar 3, 183723-18DMar 8, 1837Barbour, Philip DuvallDec 28, 183530-11CMar 15, 1836Taney, Roger18MarshallDec 28, 183529-15CMar 15, 1836Taney, Roger DuvallJan 15, 183524-21PMar 3, 1835Wayne, James JohnsonJan 6, 1835VCJan 9, 1835Baldwin, Henry WashingtonJan 4, 183041-2CJan 6, 1830McLean, John TrimbleMar 6, 1829VCMar 7, 1829					President Adams, John Quincy Crittenden, John TrimbleDec 17, 182823-17PFeb 12, 1829Trimble, RobertToddApr 11, 182627-5CMay 9, 1826					President Monroe, James Thompson, Smith LivingstonDec 5, 1823VCDec 9, 1823					President Madison, James Duvall, Gabriel ChaseNov 15, 1811VCNov 18, 1811Story, Joseph CushingNov 15, 1811VCNov 18, 1811Adams, John Quincy CushingFeb 21, 1811DFeb 22, 1811Wolcott, Alexander CushingFeb 4, 18119-24RFeb 13, 1811Lincoln, Levi CushingJan 2, 1811DJan 3, 1811					President Jefferson, Thomas Todd, Thomas (new seat)Feb 28, 1807VCMar 2, 1807Livingston, H. Brockholst PatersonDec 13, 1806VCDec 17, 1806Johnson, William MooreMar 22, 1804VCMar 24, 1804					President Adams, John Marshall, John 19EllsworthJan 20, 1801VCJan 27, 1801Jay, John 20EllsworthDec 18, 1800DDec 19, 1800Moore, Alfred IredellDec 4, 1799VCDec 10, 1799Washington, Bushrod WilsonDec 19, 1798VCDec 20, 1798					President Washington, George Ellsworth, Oliver21JayMar 3, 179621-1CMar 4, 1796Chase, Samuel BlairJan 26, 1796VCJan 27, 1796Cushing, William 22JayJan 26, 1796DJan 27, 1796Rutledge, John 23JayDec 10, 179510-14RDec 15, 1795Paterson, William JohnsonMar 4, 1793VCMar 4, 1793Paterson, William JohnsonFeb 27, 1793WFeb 28, 1793Johnson, Thomas RutledgeOct 31, 1791VCNov 7, 1791Iredell, James HarrisonFeb 8, 1790VCFeb 10, 1790Blair, John Sep 24, 1789VCSep 26, 1789Wilson, James Sep 24, 1789VCSep 26, 1789Harrison, Robert Sep 24, 1789DSep 26, 1789Cushing, William Sep 24, 1789VCSep 26, 1789Rutledge, John Sep 24, 1789VCSep 26, 1789Jay, John 24Sep 24, 1789VCSep 26, 1789 |
|  *This chart lists only nominations officially submitted to the Senate, and does not include nominations announced but never officially submitted (such as Douglas Ginsburg in 1987).* **The date of the nomination is the date on the president's letter to the Senate (except the undated 1937 Hugo Black letter). Some nominees may have been serving before this date under recess appointments.* ****Vote Key:*******Result Key:**89-7 No. 242 (for example) - Tally and roll call vote numberC - Confirmed and served (121)			25V - Voice VoteD - Declined (7) N - No Action (10) P - Postponed (3) R - Rejected (12) W - Withdrawn (12) ** ** 1. Nominated to chief justice.** ** 2. Sitting justice elevated to chief justice.** ** 3. Nominated to chief justice.** ** 4. Sitting justice nominated to chief justice; nomination filibustered and withdrawn.** ** 5. Nominated to chief justice.** ** 6. Nominated to chief justice.** ** 7. Sitting justice elevated to chief justice.** ** 8. Nominated to chief justice.** ** 9. Nominated to chief justice.** ** 10. Sitting justice elevated to chief justice.** ** 11. Nominated to chief justice.** ** 12. Nominated to chief justice.** ** 13. Unsuccessful nominee for chief justice.** ** 14. Unsuccessful nominee for chief justice.** ** 15. Confirmed, but died before he took office.** ** 16. Nominated to chief justice.** ** 17. On motion to proceed to consider the nomination, an objection was made.** ** 18. Nominated to chief justice.** ** 19. Nominated to chief justice.** ** 20. Nominated to chief justice.** ** 21. Nominated to chief justice.** ** 22. Sitting justice nominated to chief justice, but declined and continued to serve as an associate justice.** ** 23. Offered his services as a replacement for the soon-to-retire John Jay in June 1795, so President Washington offered him a temporary commission (Senate was in recess).  The Senate convened in December and voted on the nomination, making Rutledge the first rejected Supreme Court nominee and the only "recess appointed" justice not to be subsequently confirmed by the Senate.** ** 24. Nominated to chief justice.** ** 25. 7 nominees (see D in Result Key) were confirmed, but declined to serve.Return to top of page                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        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