Amended and Restated Bye-laws of the Company


 Exhibit 4.2 
 AMENDED AND RESTATED 
 BYE-LAWS 
 of 
 AXIS CAPITAL HOLDINGS LIMITED 
 Effective May 6, 2009 







			
	INTERPRETATION	  	
	 1. Interpretation
	  	4
	 BOARD OF DIRECTORS
	  	
	 2. Board of Directors
	  	6
	 3. Management of Company
	  	6
	 4. Power to appoint managing director or chief executive officer
	  	6
	 5. Power to appoint manager
	  	6
	 6. Power to authorise specific actions
	  	7
	 7. Power to appoint attorney
	  	7
	 8. Power to delegate to a committee
	  	7
	 9. Power to appoint and dismiss employees
	  	7
	 10. Power to borrow and charge property
	  	7
	 11. Exercise of power to purchase shares of or discontinue the Company
	  	7
	 12. Composition of Board of Directors
	  	8
	 13. Defects in appointment of Directors
	  	8
	 14. Alternate Directors/Observers
	  	8
	 15. Removal of Directors
	  	8
	 16. Other vacancies on the Board
	  	9
	 17. Notice of meetings of the Board
	  	9
	 18. Quorum at meetings of the Board
	  	10
	 19. Meetings of the Board
	  	10
	 20. Unanimous written resolutions
	  	10
	 21. Contracts and disclosure of Directors’ interests
	  	10
	 22. Remuneration of Directors
	  	10
	 OFFICERS
	  	
	 23. Officers of the Company
	  	11
	 24. Appointment of Officers
	  	11
	 25. Remuneration of Officers
	  	11
	 26. Duties of Officers
	  	11
	 27. Chairman of meetings
	  	11
	 28 Register of Directors and Officers
	  	11
	 MINUTES
	  	
	 29. Obligations of Board to keep minutes
	  	11
	 INDEMNITY
	  	
	 30. Indemnification of Directors and Officers of the Company
	  	12
	 31. Waiver of claim by Member
	  	12
	 MEETINGS
	  	
	 32. Notice of annual general meeting
	  	13
	 33. Notice of special general meeting
	  	13
	 34. Accidental omission of notice of general meeting
	  	13
	 35. Meeting called on requisition of Members
	  	13
	 36. Short notice
	  	13
	 37. Postponement of meetings
	  	13
	 38. Quorum for general meeting
	  	14
	 39. Adjournment of meetings
	  	14
	 40. Attendance at meetings
	  	14








			
	 41. Written resolutions
	  	14
	 42. Attendance of Directors
	  	15
	 43. Voting at meetings
	  	15
	 44. Voting on show of hands
	  	15
	 45. Decision of chairman
	  	15
	 46. Demand for a poll
	  	15
	 47. Seniority of joint holders voting
	  	16
	 48. Instrument of proxy
	  	16
	 49. Representation of corporations at meetings
	  	17
	 VOTES OF MEMBERS
	  	
	 50. General
	  	17
	 51. Adjustment of voting power
	  	17
	 52. Other adjustments of voting power
	  	19
	 53. Notice
	  	19
	 54. Requirement to provide information and notice
	  	19
	 SHARE CAPITAL AND SHARES
	  	
	 55. Rights of shares
	  	20
	 56. Power to issue shares
	  	20
	 57. Variation of rights, alteration of share capital and purchase of shares of the Company
	  	21
	 58. Registered holder of shares
	  	22
	 59. Death of a joint holder
	  	22
	 60. Share certificates
	  	22
	 61. Calls on shares
	  	22
	 62. Forfeiture of shares
	  	23
	 63. Repurchase of shares
	  	23
	 REGISTER OF MEMBERS
	  	
	 64. Contents of Register of Members
	  	24
	 65. Inspection of Register of Members
	  	24
	 66. Determination of record dates
	  	24
	 TRANSFER OF SHARES
	  	
	 67. Instrument of transfer
	  	24
	 68. Restrictions on transfer
	  	24
	 69. Transfers by joint holders
	  	25
	 TRANSMISSION OF SHARES
	  	
	 70. Representative of deceased Member
	  	25
	 71. Registration on death or bankruptcy
	  	25
	 DIVIDENDS AND OTHER DISTRIBUTIONS
	  	
	 72. Declaration of dividends by the Board
	  	26
	 73. Other distributions
	  	26
	 74. Reserve fund
	  	26
	 75. Deduction of Amounts due to the Company
	  	26
	 CERTAIN SUBSIDIARIES
	  	
	 76. Voting of subsidiary shares
	  	26
	 77. Bye-laws or articles of association of certain subsidiaries
	  	26








			
	 CAPITALISATION
	  	
	 78. Issue of bonus shares
	  	27
	 ACCOUNTS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
	  	
	 79. Records of account
	  	27
	 80. Financial year end
	  	27
	 81. Financial statements
	  	27
	 AUDIT
	  	
	 82. Appointment of Auditor
	  	27
	 83. Remuneration of Auditor
	  	28
	 84. Vacation of office of Auditor
	  	28
	 85. Access to books of the Company
	  	28
	 86. Report of the Auditor
	  	28
	 NOTICES
	  	
	 87. Notices to Members of the Company
	  	28
	 88. Notices to joint Members
	  	29
	 89. Service and delivery of notice
	  	29
	 SEAL OF THE COMPANY
	  	
	 90. The seal
	  	29
	 91. Manner in which seal is to be affixed
	  	29
	 WINDING-UP
	  	
	 92. Winding-up/distribution by liquidator
	  	29
	 ALTERATION OF THE BYE-LAWS
	  	
	 93. Alteration of Bye-laws
	  	30

 AMENDED AND RESTATED BYE-LAWS 
 OF 
 AXIS CAPITAL HOLDINGS LIMITED 
 INTERPRETATION 
  

	1.	Interpretation 

 (1) In these Bye-laws the
following words and expressions shall, where not inconsistent with the context, have the following meanings respectively: 
 (a) “Act” means the Companies Act 1981 as amended from time to time; 
 (b) “Affiliate” means,
with respect to any person, any person directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by or under common control with such person, provided that no Member of the Company shall be deemed an Affiliate of another Member solely by the reason of an
investment in the Company. For the purposes of this definition, the term “control” shall mean the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of such person, whether
through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise. 






 (c) “Audit Committee” means the audit committee appointed by the Board in
accordance with these Bye-laws, provided that in the event that the Board shall not have appointed an Audit Committee, the Board shall constitute the Audit Committee; 
 (d) “Auditor” means any individual or partnership appointed to audit the accounts of the Company; 
 (e) “Board” means the Board of Directors appointed or elected pursuant to these Bye-laws and acting by resolution in accordance
with the Act and these Bye-laws or the Directors present at a meeting of Directors at which there is a quorum; 
 (f)
“Cause” means willful misconduct, fraud, gross negligence, embezzlement or any criminal conduct; 
 (g)
“Code” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, of the United States of America; 
 (h)
“Company” means the company for which these Bye-laws are approved and confirmed; 
 (i) “Director” means a
director of the Company; 
 (j) “Member” means the person registered in the Register of Members as the holder of
shares in the Company and, when two or more persons are so registered as joint holders of shares, means the person whose name stands first in the Register of Members as one of such joint holders or all of such persons as the context so requires;

 (k) “notice” means written notice as further defined in these Bye-laws unless otherwise specifically stated;

 (l) “Officer” means any person appointed by the Board to hold an office in the Company; 
 (m) “Register of Directors and Officers” means the Register of Directors and Officers referred to in these Bye-laws; 

(n) “Register of Members” means the Register of Members referred to in these Bye-laws; 
 (o) “Resident Representative” means any person appointed to act as resident representative and includes any deputy or assistant
resident representative; 
 (p) “Secretary” means the person appointed to perform any or all the duties of secretary
of the Company and includes any deputy or assistant secretary; and 
 (q) “Treasury Share” means a share of the
Company that was or is treated as having been acquired and held by the Company and has been held continuously by the Company since it was so acquired and has not been cancelled. 
 (2) In these Bye-laws, where not inconsistent with the context: 
 (a) words denoting the plural number include the singular number and vice versa; 
 (b) words denoting the masculine gender include the feminine gender; 
  

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 (c) words importing persons include companies, associations or bodies of persons whether
corporate or not; 
 (d) the word: 
 (i) “may” shall be construed as permissive; 
 (ii) “shall” shall be construed as imperative; and 
 (e) unless otherwise provided herein words or expressions defined in the Act shall bear the same meaning in these Bye-laws. 
 (3) Expressions referring to writing or written shall, unless the contrary intention appears, include facsimile, printing, lithography, photography and
other modes of representing words in a visible form. 
 (4) Headings used in these Bye-laws are for convenience only and are not to be used
or relied upon in the construction hereof. 
 BOARD OF DIRECTORS 
  

	2.	Board of Directors 

 The business of the
Company shall be managed and conducted by the Board. 
  

	3.	Management of Company 

 (1) In managing the
business of the Company, the Board may exercise all such powers of the Company as are not, by statute or by these Bye-laws, required to be exercised by the Company in general meeting subject, nevertheless, to the provisions of any statute, to these
Bye-laws and to such directions as may be prescribed by the Company in general meeting. 
 (2) No regulation or alteration to these Bye-laws
made by the Company in general meeting shall invalidate any prior act of the Board which would have been valid if that regulation or alteration had not been made. 
 (3) The Board may procure that the Company pays all expenses incurred in promoting and incorporating the Company. 
  

	4.	Power to appoint managing director or chief executive officer 

 The Board may from time to time appoint one or more Directors to the office of managing director or chief executive officer of the Company who shall, subject to the control of the Board, supervise and administer all
of the general business and affairs of the Company. 
  

	5.	Power to appoint manager 

 The Board may
appoint a person to act as manager of the Company’s day to day business and may entrust to and confer upon such manager such powers and duties as it deems appropriate for the transaction or conduct of such business. 
  

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	6.	Power to authorise specific actions 

 The
Board may from time to time and at any time authorise any company, firm, person or body of persons to act on behalf of the Company for any specific purpose and in connection therewith to execute any agreement, document or instrument on behalf of the
Company. 
  

	7.	Power to appoint attorney 

 The Board may
from time to time and at any time by power of attorney appoint any company, firm, person or body of persons, whether nominated directly or indirectly by the Board, to be an attorney of the Company for such purposes and with such powers, authorities
and discretions (not exceeding those vested in or exercisable by the Board) and for such period and subject to such conditions as it may think fit and any such power of attorney may contain such provisions for the protection and convenience of
persons dealing with any such attorney as the Board may think fit and may also authorise any such attorney to sub-delegate all or any of the powers, authorities and discretions so vested in the attorney. Such attorney may, if so authorised under the
seal of the Company, execute any deed or instrument under such attorney’s personal seal with the same effect as the affixation of the seal of the Company. 
  

	8.	Power to delegate to a committee 

 The Board
may delegate any of its powers to a committee appointed by the Board that may consist partly or entirely of non-Directors and every such committee shall conform to such directions as the Board shall impose on them. The meetings and proceedings of
any such committee shall be governed by the provisions of these Bye-laws regulating the meetings and proceedings of the Board, so far as the same are applicable and are not superseded by directions imposed by the Board. 
  

	9.	Power to appoint and dismiss employees 

 The
Board may appoint, suspend or remove any officer, manager, secretary, clerk, agent or employee of the Company and may fix their remuneration and determine their duties. 
  

	10.	Power to borrow and charge property 

 The
Board may exercise all the powers of the Company to borrow money and to mortgage or charge its undertaking, property and uncalled capital, or any part thereof, and may issue debentures, debenture stock and other securities whether outright or as
security for any debt, liability or obligation of the Company or any third party. 
  

	11.	Exercise of power to purchase shares of or discontinue the Company 

 (1) The Board may exercise all the powers of the Company to purchase and acquire all or any part of its own shares in accordance with the Act. 
 (2) The Board may exercise all the powers of the Company to discontinue the Company to a named country or jurisdiction outside Bermuda pursuant to
Section 132G of the Act. 
  

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	12.	Composition of Board of Directors 

 (1) The
Board shall consist of not less than nine (9) and not more than sixteen (16) Directors (as determined by resolution of the Board of Directors) or such number as the Members may from time to time determine. 
 (2) The Directors shall be elected by the Members, except in the case of casual vacancy, at the annual general meeting or a any special general meeting
called for that purpose and shall be divided by the Board of Directors into three classes, designated Class I, Class II and Class III as follows. Each class shall consist, as nearly as may be possible, of one-third of the total number
of Directors constituting the entire Board of Directors. Each Director shall serve for a term ending on the date of the third annual general meeting of shareholders next following the annual general meeting at which such Director was elected,
PROVIDED, that Directors initially designated by the Board of Directors as Class III Directors shall serve for an initial term ending on the date of the first annual general meeting of Members next following the effectiveness of their
designation as Class III Directors, Directors initially designated by the Board of Directors as Class II Directors shall serve for an initial term ending on the date of the second annual general meeting of Members next following the
effectiveness of their designation as Class II Directors and Directors initially designated by the Board of Directors as Class I Directors shall serve for an initial term ending on the date of the third annual general meeting of Members
next following the effectiveness of their designation as Class I Directors. Notwithstanding the foregoing, each Director shall hold office until such Director’s successor shall have been duly elected and qualified or until they are removed
from office by the Members pursuant to Bye-law 15 or their office is otherwise vacated. In the event of any change in the number of Directors, the Board of Directors shall apportion any newly created directorships among, or reduce the number of
directorships in, such class or classes as shall equalize, as nearly as possible, the number of directors in each class. In no event will a decrease in the number of Directors shorten the term of any incumbent Director. 
  

	13.	Defects in appointment of Directors 

 All
acts done bona fide by any meeting of the Board or by a committee of the Board or by any person acting as a Director shall, notwithstanding that it be afterwards discovered that there was some defect in the appointment of any Director or person
acting as aforesaid, or that they or any of them were disqualified, be as valid as if every such person had been duly appointed and was qualified to be a Director. 
  

	14.	Alternate Directors/Observers 

 There shall
be no alternate Directors and no Member or Director shall have a right to designate any person to attend meetings of the Board or Board committees as a non-voting observer. 
  

	15.	Removal of Directors 

 (1) The Members may,
at any annual general meeting convened and held in accordance with these Bye-laws, remove a Director only for Cause by the affirmative vote of Members holding at least a majority of the total combined voting power of all of 

  

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the issued and outstanding shares of the Company after giving effect to any reduction in voting power required under Bye-laws 51 and 52; PROVIDED, that the
notice of any such meeting convened for the purpose of removing a Director shall contain a statement of the intention so to do and be served upon such Director not less than 14 days before the meeting and at such meeting such Director shall be
entitled to be heard on the motion for such Director’s removal. 
 (2) A vacancy on the Board created by the removal of a Director under
the provisions of Subparagraph (1) of this Bye-law may be filled by the Members at the meeting at which such Director is removed and, in the absence of such election or appointment, the Board may fill the vacancy. A Director so elected shall
hold office until the next annual general meeting or until such Director’s office is otherwise vacated. 
  

	16.	Other vacancies on the Board 

 (1) The Board
shall have the power from time to time and at any time to appoint any person as a Director to fill a vacancy on the Board occurring as the result of the death, disability, disqualification or resignation of any Director or from an increase in the
size of the Board of Directors pursuant to subparagraph (1) of Bye-law 12(1). The Board shall also have the power from time to time to fill any vacancy left unfilled at a general meeting. 
 (2) The Board may act notwithstanding any vacancy in its number but, if and so long as its number is reduced below the number fixed by these Bye-laws as
the quorum necessary for the transaction of business at meetings of the Board, the continuing Directors or Director may act for the purpose of summoning a general meeting of the Company or preserving the assets of the Company. 
 (3) The office of Director shall be vacated if the Director: 
 (a) is removed from office pursuant to these Bye-laws or is prohibited from being a Director by law; 
 (b) is or becomes bankrupt or makes any arrangement or composition with his creditors generally; 
 (c) is or becomes disqualified, of unsound mind or dies; 
 (d) resigns his or her office by notice in writing to the Company. 
  

	17.	Notice of meetings of the Board 

 (1) The
Chairman may, and the Chairman on the requisition of a majority of the Directors then in office shall, at any time, summon a meeting of the Board. 
 (2) Notice of a meeting of the Board shall be deemed to be duly given to a Director if it is given to such Director verbally in person or by telephone or otherwise communicated or sent to such Director by post, telecopier, facsimile, email
or other mode of representing words in a legible and non-transitory form at such Director’s last known address or any other address given by such Director to the Company for this purpose. 
  

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	18.	Quorum at meetings of the Board 

 The
quorum necessary for the transaction of business at a meeting of the Board shall be a majority of the Directors then in office present in person or represented by a duly authorized representative appointed in accordance with the Act, provided that
at least two Directors are present in person. 
  

	19.	Meetings of the Board 

 (1) The Board may
meet for the transaction of business, adjourn and otherwise regulate its meetings as it sees fit. 
 (2) Directors may participate in any
meeting of the Board by means of such telephone, electronic or other communication facilities as permit all persons participating in the meeting to communicate with each other simultaneously and instantaneously, and participation in such a meeting
shall constitute presence in person at such meeting. 
 (3) A resolution put to the vote at a meeting of the Board shall be carried by the
affirmative votes of a majority of the votes cast and in the case of an equality of votes the resolution shall fail. 
  

	20.	Unanimous written resolutions 

 A resolution
in writing signed by all the Directors, which may be in counterparts, shall be as valid as if it had been passed at a meeting of the Board duly called and constituted, such resolution to be effective on the date on which the last Director signs the
resolution. 
  

	21.	Contracts and disclosure of Directors’ interests 

 (1) Any Director, or any Director’s firm, partner or any company with whom any Director is associated, may act in a professional capacity for the Company and such Director or such Director’s firm, partner or
such company shall be entitled to remuneration for professional services as if such Director were not a Director, PROVIDED, that nothing herein contained shall authorise a Director or Director’s firm, partner or such company to act as Auditor
of the Company. 
 (2) A Director who is directly or indirectly interested in a contract or proposed contract or arrangement with the Company
shall declare the nature of such interest as required by the Act. 
 (3) Following a declaration being made pursuant to this Bye-law, and
unless disqualified by the chairman of the relevant Board meeting, a Director may vote in respect of any contract or proposed contract or arrangement in which such Director is interested and may be counted in the quorum at such meeting. 

 

	22.	Remuneration of Directors 

 The remuneration
(if any) of the Directors shall be determined by the Board and shall be deemed to accrue from day to day. The Directors may also be paid all travel, hotel and other expenses properly incurred by them in attending and returning from meetings of the


  

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Board, any committee appointed by the Board, general meetings of the Company or in connection with the business of the Company or their duties as Directors
generally. 
 OFFICERS 
  

	23.	Officers of the Company 

 The Officers of the
Company may consist of any of the following officers: a Chairman, a Deputy Chairman, a President, one or more Vice Presidents, a Secretary and such additional Officers as the Board may from time to time determine, all of whom shall be deemed to be
Officers for the purposes of these Bye-laws. 
  

	24.	Appointment of Officers 

 (1) The Board
shall, as soon as possible after each annual general meeting, appoint a President and a Vice President or a Chairman and a Deputy Chairman who shall be Directors. 
 (2) The Secretary and additional Officers, if any, shall be appointed by the Board from time to time. 
  

	25.	Remuneration of Officers 

 The Officers shall
receive such remuneration as the Board may from time to time determine. 
  

	26.	Duties of Officers 

 The Officers shall have
such powers and perform such duties in the management, business and affairs of the Company as may be delegated to them by the Board from time to time. 
  

	27.	Chairman of meetings 

 Unless otherwise
agreed by a majority of those attending and entitled to attend and vote thereat, the Chairman, if there be one, and if not the President shall act as chairman at all meetings of the Members and of the Board at which such person is present. In their
absence, the Deputy Chairman or Vice President, if present, shall act as chairman and in the absence of all of them a chairman shall be appointed or elected by those present at the meeting and entitled to vote. 
  

	28	Register of Directors and Officers 

 The
Board shall cause to be kept in one or more books at the registered office of the Company a Register of Directors and Officers and shall enter therein the particulars required by the Act. 
 MINUTES 
  

	29.	Obligations of Board to keep minutes 

 (1)
The Board shall cause minutes to be duly entered in books provided for the purpose: 
  

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 (a) of all elections and appointments of Officers; 
 (b) of the names of the Directors present at each meeting of the Board and of any committee appointed by the Board; and 
 (c) of all resolutions and proceedings of general meetings of the Members, meetings of the Board, meetings of managers and meetings of
committees appointed by the Board. 
 (2) Minutes prepared in accordance with the Act and these Bye-laws shall be kept by the Secretary at
the registered office of the Company. 
 INDEMNITY 
  

	30.	Indemnification of Directors and Officers of the Company 

 (1) The Directors, Secretary and other Officers (such term to include, for the purposes of Bye-laws 30 and 31, any person appointed to any committee by the Board) for the time being acting in relation to any of the
affairs of the Company and the liquidator or trustees (if any) for the time being acting in relation to any of the affairs of the Company and every one of them, and their heirs, executors and administrators (the “Indemnitees”), shall be
indemnified and secured harmless out of the assets of the Company from and against all actions, costs, charges, losses, damages and expenses which they or any of them, their heirs, executors or administrators, shall or may incur or sustain by or by
reason of any act done, concurred in or omitted in or about the execution of their duty, or supposed duty, or in their respective offices or trusts, and none of them shall be answerable for the acts, receipts, neglects or defaults of the others of
them or for joining in any receipts for the sake of conformity, or for any bankers or other persons with whom any moneys or effects belonging to the Company shall or may be lodged or deposited for safe custody, or for insufficiency or deficiency of
any security upon which any moneys of or belonging to the Company shall be placed out on or invested, or for any other loss, misfortune or damage which may happen in the execution of their respective offices or trusts, or in relation thereto,
PROVIDED, that this indemnity shall not extend to any matter in which any of said persons is found, in a final judgment or decree not subject to appeal, to have committed fraud or dishonesty. 
 (2) The Company may advance moneys to the Indemnitees or any of them for the costs, charges and expenses incurred by them in defending any civil or
criminal proceedings against them, on condition that any person to whom such moneys are advanced shall repay the advance if any allegation of fraud or dishonesty is proved against such person. 
  

	31.	Waiver of claim by Member 

 Each Member
agrees to waive any claim or right of action such Member might have, whether individually or by or in the right of the Company, against any Director or Officer on account of any action taken by such Director or Officer, or the failure of such
Director or Officer to take any action, in the performance of his duties with or for the Company, PROVIDED, that such waiver shall not extend to any matter in respect of any fraud or dishonesty which may attach to such Director or Officer.

  

 12 







 MEETINGS 
  

	32.	Notice of annual general meeting 

 The annual
general meeting of the Company shall be held in each year at such time and place as the President or the Chairman, or any two Directors or any Director and the Secretary or the Board shall appoint. At least 20-days’ notice of such meeting shall
be given to each Member stating the date, place and time at which the meeting is to be held, that the election of Directors will take place thereat, and as far as practicable, the other business to be conducted at the meeting. 
  

	33.	Notice of special general meeting 

 The
Chairman or the President may convene a special general meeting of the Company whenever in their judgment such a meeting is necessary, upon not less than five-days’ notice which shall state the date, time, place and the general nature of the
business to be considered at the meeting. 
  

	34.	Accidental omission of notice of general meeting 

 The accidental omission to give notice of a general meeting to, or the non-receipt of notice of a general meeting by, any person entitled to receive notice shall not invalidate the proceedings at that meeting. 
  

	35.	Meeting called on requisition of Members 

 Notwithstanding anything herein, the Board shall, on the requisition of Members holding at the date of the deposit of the requisition shares representing ten percent (10%) or more of the aggregate voting power of the Company, forthwith
proceed to convene a special general meeting of the Company and the provisions of Section 74 of the Act shall apply. 
  

	36.	Short notice 

 A general meeting of the
Company shall, notwithstanding that it is called by shorter notice than that specified in these Bye-laws, be deemed to have been properly called if it is so agreed by (a) all the Members entitled to attend and vote thereat in the case of an
annual general meeting; and (b) by a majority in number of the Members, which majority must hold 95% or more of the aggregate voting power of the Company and having the right to attend and vote thereat, in the case of a special general meeting.

  

	37.	Postponement of meetings 

 The Secretary may
postpone any general meeting called in accordance with the provisions of these Bye-laws (other than a meeting requisitioned under these Bye-laws) provided that notice of postponement is given to each Member before the time for such meeting. Fresh
notice of the date, time and place for the postponed meeting shall be given to each Member in accordance with the provisions of these Bye-laws. 
  

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	38.	Quorum for general meeting 

 At the
commencement of any general meeting of the Company two or more persons present in person and representing in person or by proxy shares representing more than fifty percent (50%) of the aggregate voting power of the Company shall form a quorum
for the transaction of business, PROVIDED, that if the Company shall at any time have only one Member, one Member present in person or by proxy shall form a quorum for the transaction of business at any general meeting of the Company held during
such time. If within a reasonable period from the time appointed for the meeting a quorum is not present, the meeting shall stand adjourned to the same day one week later, at the same time and place or to such other day, time or place as the
Secretary may determine. 
  

	39.	Adjournment of meetings 

 The chairman of a
general meeting may, with the consent of the Members at any general meeting at which a quorum is present (and shall if so directed), adjourn the meeting. Unless the meeting is adjourned to a specific date and time, fresh notice of the date, time and
place for the resumption of the adjourned meeting shall be given to each Member in accordance with the provisions of these Bye-laws. 
  

	40.	Attendance at meetings 

 Members may
participate in any general meeting by means of such telephone, electronic or other communication facilities as permit all persons participating in the meeting to communicate with each other simultaneously and instantaneously, and participation in
such a meeting shall constitute presence in person at such meeting. 
  

	41.	Written resolutions 

 (1) Subject to
subparagraph (6) of this Bye-law, anything which may be done by resolution of the Company in general meeting or by resolution of a meeting of any class of the Members of the Company, may, without a meeting and without any previous notice being
required, be done by resolution in writing signed by, or, in the case of a Member that is a corporation whether or not a company within the meaning of the Act, on behalf of, all the Members who at the date of the resolution would be entitled to
attend the meeting and vote on the resolution. 
 (2) A resolution in writing may be signed by, or, in the case of a Member that is a
corporation whether or not a company within the meaning of the Act, on behalf of, all the Members, or any class thereof, in as many counterparts as may be necessary. 
 (3) For the purposes of this Bye-law, the date of the resolution is the date when the resolution is signed by, or, in the case of a Member that is a corporation whether or not a company within the meaning of the Act,
on behalf of, the last Member to sign and any reference in any Bye-law to the date of passing of a resolution is, in relation to a resolution made in accordance with this Bye-law, a reference to such date. 
 (4) A resolution in writing made in accordance with this Bye-law is as valid as if it had been passed by the Company in general meeting or by a meeting
of the relevant class of Members, as the case may be, and any reference in any Bye-law to a meeting at which 

  

 14 







 
a resolution is passed or to Members voting in favor of a resolution shall be construed accordingly. 
 (5) A resolution in writing made in accordance with this Bye-law shall constitute minutes for the purposes of Sections 81 and 82 of the Act. 

(6) This Bye-law shall not apply to: 
 (a) a resolution passed pursuant to Section 89(5) of the Act; or 
 (b) a resolution
passed for the purpose of removing a Director before the expiration of his term of office under these Bye-laws. 
  

	42.	Attendance of Directors 

 The Directors of
the Company shall be entitled to receive notice of and to attend and be heard at any general meeting. 
  

	43.	Voting at meetings 

 (1) Subject to the
provisions of the Act and these Bye-laws, any question proposed for the consideration of the Members at any general meeting shall be decided by the affirmative votes of a majority of the votes, in all cases as determined pursuant to Bye-laws 50-54,
cast in accordance with the provisions of these Bye-laws and in the case of an equality of votes the resolution shall fail. 
 (2) No Member
shall be entitled to vote at any general meeting unless such Member has paid all the calls on all shares held by such Member. 
  

	44.	Voting on show of hands 

 At any general
meeting a resolution put to the vote of the meeting shall, in the first instance, be voted upon by a show of hands, subject to any rights or restrictions for the time being lawfully attached to any class of shares, including the provisions of
Bye-laws 50-54. 
  

	45.	Decision of chairman 

 At any general meeting
a declaration by the chairman of the meeting that a question proposed for consideration has, on a show of hands, been carried, or carried unanimously, or by a particular majority, or lost, and an entry to that effect in a book containing the minutes
of the proceedings of the Company shall, subject to the provisions of these Bye-laws, be conclusive evidence of that fact. 
  

	46.	Demand for a poll 

 (1) Notwithstanding the
provisions of the immediately preceding two Bye-laws, at any general meeting of the Company, in respect of any question proposed for the consideration of the Members (whether before or on the declaration of the result of a show of hands as provided
for in these Bye-laws), a poll may be demanded by any of the following persons: 
 (a) the chairman of such meeting; or

  

 15 







 (b) at least three Members present in person or represented by proxy; or 
 (c) any Member or Members present in person or represented by proxy and holding between them not less than one-tenth of the total voting
rights of all the Members having the right to vote at such meeting; or 
 (d) any Member or Members present in person or
represented by proxy holding shares in the Company conferring the right to vote at such meeting, being shares on which an aggregate sum has been paid up equal to not less than one-tenth of the total sum paid up on all such shares conferring such
right. 
 (2) Where, in accordance with the provisions of subparagraph (1) of this Bye-law, a poll is demanded, subject to any rights or
restrictions for the time being lawfully attached to any class of shares, every person present at such meeting shall have for each voting share of which such person is the holder or for which such person holds a proxy, the number of votes determined
pursuant to Bye-laws 50-54 and such votes shall be counted in the manner set out in subparagraph (4) of this Bye-law or in the case of a general meeting at which one or more Members are present by telephone in such manner as the chairman of the
meeting may direct. The result of such poll shall be deemed to be the resolution of the meeting at which the poll was demanded and shall replace any previous resolution upon the same matter which has been the subject of a show of hands. 

(3) A poll demanded in accordance with the provisions of subparagraph (1) of this Bye-law, for the purpose of electing a chairman of the meeting
or on a question of adjournment, shall be taken forthwith and a poll demanded on any other question shall be taken in such manner and at such time and place as the chairman of the meeting may direct and any business other than that upon which a poll
has been demanded may be proceeded with pending the taking of the poll. 
 (4) Where a vote is taken by poll, each person present and
entitled to vote shall be furnished with a ballot paper on which such person shall record his or her vote in such manner as shall be determined at the meeting having regard to the nature of the question on which the vote is taken, and each ballot
paper shall be signed or initialed or otherwise marked so as to identify the voter and the registered holder in the case of a proxy. At the conclusion of the poll, the ballot papers shall be examined and counted by a committee of not less than two
Members or proxy holders appointed by the chairman for the purpose and the result of the poll shall be declared by the chairman. 
  

	47.	Seniority of joint holders voting 

 In the
case of joint holders the vote of the senior who tenders a vote, whether in person or by proxy, shall be accepted to the exclusion of the votes of the other joint holders, and for this purpose seniority shall be determined by the order in which the
names stand in the Register of Members. 
  

	48.	Instrument of proxy 

 (1) Every Member
entitled to vote has the right to do so either in person or by one or more persons authorised by a proxy executed and delivered in accordance with these Bye-laws. 
  

 16 







 (2) A person so authorised as a proxy shall be entitled to exercise the same power on behalf of the
grantor of the proxy as the grantor could exercise at a general meeting of the Company. 
 (3) The instrument appointing a proxy together
with such other evidence as to its due execution as the Board may from time to time require shall be delivered at the registered office of the Company (or at such place or places as may be specified in the notice convening the meeting or in any
notice of any postponement or adjournment or, in either case in any document sent therewith), prior to the holding of the relevant meeting or postponed or adjourned meeting at which the individual named in the instrument proposes to vote and in
default the instrument of proxy shall not be treated as valid. 
 (4) Instruments of proxy shall be in such form as the Board may approve
(including written or electronic form) and the Board may, if it thinks fit, send out with the notice of any meeting forms of instruments of proxy for use at the meeting. The instrument of proxy shall be deemed to confer authority to demand or join
in demanding a poll and to vote on any amendment of a resolution put to the meeting for which it is given as the proxy thinks fit. The instrument of proxy shall unless the contrary is stated therein be valid as well for any postponement or
adjournment of the meeting as for the meeting to which it relates. 
 (5) A vote given in accordance with the terms of an instrument of proxy
shall be valid notwithstanding the previous death or unsoundness of mind of the principal, or revocation of the instrument of proxy or of the authority under which it was executed. 
  

	49.	Representation of corporations at meetings 

 A corporation which is a Member may, by written instrument, authorise such person as it thinks fit to act as its representative at any meeting of the Members and the person so authorised shall be entitled to exercise the same powers on
behalf of the corporation which such person represents as that corporation could exercise if it were an individual Member. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the chairman of the meeting may accept such assurances as he or she thinks fit as to the right
of any person to attend and vote at general meetings on behalf of a corporation which is a Member. 
 VOTES OF MEMBERS 
  

	50.	General 

 Subject to the provisions of
Bye-laws 51-54 below, and subject to any rights and restrictions for the time being attached to any class or classes of shares, every Member shall have one vote for each share carrying the right to vote on the matter in question of which he is the
holder. Notwithstanding any other provisions of these Bye-laws, all determinations in these Bye-laws that are made by or subject to a vote or approval of Members shall be based upon the voting power of such Members’ shares as determined
pursuant to Bye-laws 51-54. 
  

	51.	Adjustment of voting power 

 The voting power
of all shares is hereby adjusted (and shall be automatically adjusted in the future) to the extent necessary so that there is no 9.5% U.S. Shareholder or 9.5% 

  

 17 







 
Direct Foreign Shareholder Group. The Board of Directors shall implement the foregoing in the manner provided herein; PROVIDED, that the foregoing provision
and the remainder of this Bye-law 51 shall not apply in the event that one Member of the Company owns greater than 75% of the issued and outstanding shares of the Company. 
 (1) The Board shall from time to time, including prior to any time at which a vote of Members is taken, take all reasonable steps, including those
specified in Bye-law 54, necessary to ascertain, through communications with Members or otherwise, whether there exists, or will exist at the time any vote of Members is taken, a Tentative 9.5% U.S. Shareholder or a Tentative 9.5% Direct Foreign
Shareholder Group. 
 (a) In the event that a Tentative 9.5% U.S. Shareholder exists, the aggregate votes conferred by shares
held by a Member and treated as Controlled Shares of that Tentative 9.5% U.S. Shareholder shall be reduced to the extent necessary such that the Controlled Shares of the Tentative 9.5% U.S. Shareholder will constitute less than 9.5% of the voting
power of all shares. In applying the previous sentence where shares held by more than one Member are treated as Controlled Shares of such Tentative 9.5% U.S. Shareholder, the reduction in votes shall apply to such Members in descending order
according to their respective Attribution Percentages, PROVIDED, that in the event of a tie, the reduction shall apply first to the Member whose shares are Controlled Shares of the Tentative 9.5% U.S. Shareholder by virtue of the Tentative 9.5% U.S.
Shareholder’s economic interest in (as opposed to voting control with respect to) such shares. The adjustments of voting power described in this Bye-law shall apply repeatedly until there is no 9.5% U.S. Shareholder. The Board of Directors may
deviate from any of the principles described in this Bye-law and determine that shares held by a Member shall carry different voting rights as it determines appropriate (1) to avoid the existence of any 9.5% U.S. Shareholder or (2) to
avoid adverse tax, legal or regulatory consequences to the Company, any subsidiary of the Company, or any other Member or its affiliates. For the avoidance of doubt, in applying the provisions of Bye-laws 51-54, a share may carry a fraction of a
vote. 
 “Attribution Percentage” shall mean, with respect to a Member, the percentage of the Member’s shares that are treated
as Controlled Shares of a Tentative 9.5% Shareholder. 
 “Controlled Shares” in reference to any person means all shares of the
Company directly, indirectly or constructively owned by such person as determined pursuant to Section 958 of the Code. 
 “9.5%
U.S. Shareholder” means a “United States person” as defined in the Code (a “U.S. Person”) whose Controlled Shares constitute nine and one-half percent (9.5%) or more of the voting power of all shares of the Company and
who would be generally required to recognize income with respect to the Company under Section 951(a)(1) of the Code, if the Company were a controlled foreign corporation as defined in Section 957 of the Code and if the ownership
threshold under Section 951(b) of the Code were 9.5%. 
  

 18 







 “Tentative 9.5% U.S. Shareholder” means a U.S. Person that, but for adjustments to the voting
rights of shares pursuant to Bye-laws 51-52, would be a 9.5% U.S. Shareholder. 
 (b) Immediately after completing the adjustment of voting
power provided for in Bye-law 51(1)(a), in the event that a Tentative 9.5% Direct Foreign Shareholder Group exists, the aggregate votes conferred by shares held by the Tentative 9.5% Direct Foreign Shareholder Group shall be reduced to less than
9.5% of the voting power of all shares. 
 (c) “9.5% Direct Foreign Shareholder Group” means a shareholder that is not a U.S.
Person or a group of commonly controlled shareholders that are not U.S. Persons, in either case whose shares constitute nine and one-half percent (9.5%) or more of the voting power of all shares of the Company. 
 “Tentative 9.5% Direct Foreign Shareholder Group” means a shareholder that is not a U.S. Person or a group of commonly controlled shareholders
that are not U.S. Persons that, but for adjustments to the voting rights of shares pursuant to Bye-laws 51-52, would be a 9.5% Direct Foreign Shareholder Group. 
  

	52.	Other adjustments of voting power 

 In
addition to the provisions of Bye-law 51, any shares shall not carry any right to vote to the extent that the Board of Directors determines, in its sole discretion, that it is necessary that such shares should not carry the right to vote in order to
avoid adverse tax, legal or regulatory consequences to the Company, any subsidiary of the Company, or any other Member or its affiliates, PROVIDED, that no adjustment pursuant to this sentence shall cause any person to become a 9.5% U.S. Shareholder
or a 9.5% Direct Foreign Shareholder Group. 
  

	53.	Notice 

 Prior to any date on which Members
shall vote on any matter, the Board of Directors shall (a) retain the services of an internationally recognized accounting firm or organization with comparable professional capabilities in order to assist the Company in applying the principles
of Bye-laws 51-54, (b) obtain from such firm or organization a statement describing the information obtained and procedures followed and setting forth the determinations made with respect to Bye-laws 51-54 and (c) notify each Member of the
voting power conferred by its shares determined in accordance with Bye-laws 51-54. 
  

	54.	Requirement to provide information and notice 

 (1) The Directors shall have the authority to request from any holder of shares, and such holder of shares shall provide, such information as the Directors may reasonably request for the purpose of determining whether any holder’s
voting rights are to be adjusted. If such holder fails to respond to such a request, or submits incomplete or inaccurate information in response to such a request, the Directors may in their sole discretion determine that such holder’s shares
shall carry no voting rights in which case such shares shall not carry any voting rights until otherwise determined by the Directors in their absolute discretion. 
  

 19 







 (2) Any holder of shares shall give notice to the Company within ten days following the date that such
holder acquires actual knowledge that it is the owner of Controlled Shares that constitute 9.5% or more of the voting power of all shares. 
 (3) Notwithstanding the foregoing, no Member shall be liable to any other Member or the Company for any losses or damages resulting from such Member’s failure to respond to, or submission of incomplete or inaccurate information in
response to, a request under subparagraph (1) of this Bye-law or from such Member’s failure to give notice under subparagraph (2) of this Bye-law. 
 SHARE CAPITAL AND SHARES 
  

	55.	Rights of shares 

 (1) Subject to any
resolution of the Members to the contrary and without prejudice to any special rights previously conferred on the holders of any existing shares or class of shares, the share capital of the Company shall consist of one class of common shares that
carry voting rights. The holders of shares shall, subject to the provisions of these Bye-laws: 
 (a) be entitled to such
dividends as the Board may from time to time declare; 
 (b) in the event of a winding-up or dissolution of the Company,
whether voluntary or involuntary or for the purpose of a reorganization or otherwise or upon any distribution of capital, be entitled to the surplus assets of the Company; and 
 (c) generally be entitled to enjoy all of the rights attaching to shares. 
 (2) All the rights attaching to a Treasury Share shall be suspended and shall not be exercised by the Company while it holds such Treasury Share and,
except where required by the Act, all Treasury Shares shall be excluded from the calculation of any percentage or fraction of the share capital, or shares, of the Company. 
  

	56.	Power to issue shares 

 (1) Subject to any
restrictions that are provided for in these Bye-laws from time to time and without prejudice to any special rights previously conferred on the holders of any existing shares or class or series of shares, the Board shall have power to issue any
unissued shares of the Company on such terms and conditions as it may determine and any shares or class or series of shares may be issued with such preferred, deferred or other special rights or such restrictions, whether in regard to dividend,
voting, return of capital or otherwise as the Board may determine. Further, the Board may create and issue shares of a new class or series or of any existing class or series of shares and the Board may generally exercise the powers of the Company
set out in sections 45(1)(b), (c), (d) and (e) of the Act, without the need of any approval of the Members as might otherwise be required by such sections of the Act. The Board may also issue options, warrants or other rights to purchase
or acquire shares or, subject to Section 43 of the Act, securities convertible into or exchangeable for shares (including any employee benefit plan providing for the issue of shares or options or rights in respect thereof), at such times, for
such consideration and on such terms and conditions as it may determine. 
  

 20 







 (2) The Board shall, in connection with the issue of any share, have the power to authorise the Company
to pay such commission and brokerage as may be permitted by law. 
 (3) Except as authorised by the Board and permitted by applicable law,
the Company shall not give, whether directly or indirectly, whether by means of loan, guarantee, provision of security or otherwise, any financial assistance for the purpose of a purchase or subscription made or to be made by any person of or for
any shares in the Company, but nothing in this Bye-law shall prohibit transactions mentioned in Sections 39A, 39B and 39C of the Act. 
 (4)
The Company may from time to time do any one or more of the following things: 
 (a) make arrangements on the issue of shares
for a difference between the Members in the amounts and times of payments of calls on their shares; 
 (b) accept from any
Member the whole or a part of the amount remaining unpaid on any shares held by him, although no part of that amount has been called up; 
 (c) pay dividends in proportion to the amount paid up on each share where a larger amount is paid up on some shares than on others; and 
 (d) issue its shares in fractional denominations and deal with such fractions to the same extent as its whole shares and shares in
fractional denominations shall have in proportion to the respective fractions represented thereby all of the rights of whole shares including (but without limiting the generality of the foregoing) the right to vote, to receive dividends and
distributions and to participate in a winding up. 
  

	57.	Variation of rights, alteration of share capital and purchase of shares of the Company 

 (1) Subject to the provisions of Sections 42 and 43 of the Act any preference shares may be issued or converted into shares that, at a determinable date
or at the option of the Company, are liable to be redeemed on such terms and in such manner as the Company before the issue or conversion may by resolution of the Members determine. 
 (2) If at any time the share capital is divided into different classes of shares, the rights attached to any class (unless otherwise provided by the
terms of issue of the shares of that class) may, whether or not the Company is being wound-up, be varied with the consent in writing of the holders of three-fourths of the issued shares of that class or with the sanction of a resolution passed by a
majority of the votes cast at a separate general meeting of the holders of the shares of the class in accordance with Section 47 (7) of the Act. The rights conferred upon the holders of the shares of any class issued with preferred or
other rights shall not, unless otherwise expressly provided by the terms of issue of the shares of that class, be deemed to be varied by the creation or issue of further shares ranking pari passu therewith. 
 (3) The Company may from time to time by resolution of the Members change the currency denomination of, increase, alter or reduce its share capital in
accordance with the provisions of Sections 45 and 46 of the Act. Where, on any alteration of share capital, fractions of shares or some other difficulty would arise, the Board may deal with or 

  

 21 







 
resolve the same in such manner as it thinks fit including, without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the issue to Members, as appropriate, of
fractions of shares and/or arranging for the sale or transfer of the fractions of shares of Members. 
 (4) The Company may from time to time
purchase its own shares for cancellation or acquire them as Treasury Shares in accordance with the Act on such terms as the Board shall think fit. 
  

	58.	Registered holder of shares 

 (1) The Company
shall be entitled to treat the registered holder of any share as the absolute owner thereof and accordingly shall not be bound to recognize any equitable or other claim to, or interest in, such share on the part of any other person. 
 (2) Any dividend, interest or other moneys payable in cash in respect of shares may be paid by cheque or draft sent through the post directed to the
Member at such Member’s address in the Register of Members or, in the case of joint holders, to such address of the holder first named in the Register of Members, or to such person and to such address as the holder or joint holders may in
writing direct. If two or more persons are registered as joint holders of any shares any one can give an effectual receipt for any dividend paid in respect of such shares. 
  

	59.	Death of a joint holder 

 Where two or more
persons are registered as joint holders of a share or shares then in the event of the death of any joint holder or holders the remaining joint holder or holders shall be absolutely entitled to the said share or shares and the Company shall recognize
no claim in respect of the estate of any joint holder except in the case of the last survivor of such joint holders. 
  

	60.	Share certificates 

 (1) Every Member shall
be entitled to a certificate under the seal of the Company (or a facsimile thereof) specifying the number and, where appropriate, the class of shares held by such Member and whether the same are fully paid up and, if not, how much has been paid
thereon. The Board may by resolution determine, either generally or in a particular case, that any or all signatures on certificates may be printed thereon or affixed by mechanical means. 
 (2) The Company shall be under no obligation to complete and deliver a share certificate unless specifically called upon to do so by the person to whom
such shares have been allotted. 
 (3) If any such certificate shall be proved to the satisfaction of any Officer to have been worn out,
lost, mislaid or destroyed the Officer may cause a new certificate to be issued and request an indemnity for the lost certificate if it sees fit. 
  

	61.	Calls on shares 

 (1) The Board may from time
to time make such calls as it thinks fit upon the Members in respect of any monies unpaid on the shares allotted to or held by such Members and, if a call is not paid on or before the day appointed for payment thereof, the 

  

 22 







 
Member may at the discretion of the Board be liable to pay the Company interest on the amount of such call at such rate as the Board may determine, from the
date when such call was payable up to the actual date of payment. The joint holders of a share shall be jointly and severally liable to pay all calls in respect thereof. 
 (2) The Board may, on the issue of shares, differentiate between the holders as to the amount of calls to be paid and the times of payment of such calls. 
  

	62.	Forfeiture of shares 

 (1) If any Member
fails to pay, on the day appointed for payment thereof, any call in respect of any share allotted to or held by such Member, the Board may, at any time thereafter during such time as the call remains unpaid, direct the Secretary to forward to such
Member a notice in the form, or as near thereto as circumstances admit, of Form “A” in the Schedule hereto. 
 (2) If the
requirements of such notice are not complied with, any such share may at any time thereafter before the payment of such call and the interest due in respect thereof be forfeited by a resolution of the Board to that effect, and such share shall
thereupon become the property of the Company and may be disposed of as the Board shall determine. 
 (3) A Member whose share or shares have
been forfeited as aforesaid shall, notwithstanding such forfeiture, be liable to pay to the Company all calls owing on such share or shares at the time of the forfeiture and all interest due thereon. 
  

	63.	Repurchase of shares 

 If the Directors in
their sole discretion determine that share ownership by any person may result in a non-de minimis adverse tax, legal or regulatory consequence to the Company, any subsidiary of the Company, or any other holder of shares or its Affiliates (including
if such consequence arises as a result of any such U.S. Person owning Controlled Shares that constitute 9.5% or more of the value of the Company or the voting shares of the Company (but subject to the provisions of Bye-laws 50—54)), the Company
will have the option but not the obligation to repurchase or assign to a third party the right to purchase the minimum number of shares held by such person which is necessary to eliminate such non-de minimis adverse tax, legal or regulatory
consequence at a price determined in the good faith discretion of the Directors to represent such shares’ fair market value; PROVIDED, that (a) if the shares are not traded on a securities exchange in or outside the United States, the fair
market value per share shall be determined by the Directors without a minority discount but with an appropriate liquidity discount, such value and liquidity discount, if any, as determined by the Board of Directors, or (b) if the shares are
traded on a securities exchange in or outside the United States, the fair market value per share shall be determined by the Directors based on the average of the last sales price per share or if there is none, the average of the bid and asked price
per share, without a minority discount or a liquidity discount, in each case for the eight business days prior to the repurchase date. If a Member disagrees with the price so determined by the Board of Directors, the fair market value per share and
the liquidity discount, if any, will be determined by an independent appraiser retained by the Company at its expense and reasonably acceptable to such Member. 
  

 23 







 REGISTER OF MEMBERS 
  

	64.	Contents of Register of Members 

 The Board
shall cause to be kept in one or more books a Register of Members and shall enter therein the particulars required by the Act. 
  

	65.	Inspection of Register of Members 

 The
Register of Members shall be open to inspection at the registered office of the Company on every business day, subject to such reasonable restrictions as the Board may impose, so that not less than two hours in each business day be allowed for
inspection. The Register of Members may, after notice has been given by advertisement in an appointed newspaper to that effect, be closed for any time or times not exceeding in the whole thirty days in each year. 
  

	66.	Determination of record dates 

 Notwithstanding any other provision of these Bye-laws, the Board may fix any date as the record date for: 
 (a) determining the
Members entitled to receive any dividend; and 
 (b) determining the Members entitled to receive notice of and to vote at any general meeting
of the Company. 
 TRANSFER OF SHARES 
  

	67.	Instrument of transfer 

 (1) An instrument of
transfer shall be in the form or as near thereto as circumstances admit of Form “B” in the Schedule hereto or in such other common form as the Board may accept. Such instrument of transfer shall be signed by or on behalf of the
transferor and transferee provided that, in the case of a fully paid share, the Board may accept the instrument signed by or on behalf of the transferor alone. The transferor shall be deemed to remain the holder of such share until the same has been
transferred to the transferee in the Register of Members. 
 (2) The Board may refuse to recognize any instrument of transfer unless it is
accompanied by the certificate in respect of the shares to which it relates and by such other evidence as the Board may reasonably require to show the right of the transferor to make the transfer. 
  

	68.	Restrictions on transfer 

 (1) The Directors
may decline to approve or register any transfer of shares if it appears to the Directors, in their sole and reasonable discretion, after taking into account, among other things, the limitation on voting rights contained in these Bye-laws, that any
non-de minimis adverse tax, regulatory or legal consequence to the Company, any subsidiary of the Company, or any other holder of shares or its Affiliates would result from such transfer (including if such consequence arises as a result of any such
U.S. Person owning Controlled Shares that constitute 9.5% or more of the value of the Company or the voting shares of the Company (but subject to the provisions of Bye-laws 50 through 54)). The Directors shall have the authority to request from any
holder of 

  

 24 







 
shares, and such holder of shares shall provide, such information as the Directors may reasonably request for the purpose of determining whether any transfer
should be permitted. 
 (2) Subject to any applicable requirements of the New York Stock Exchange, the Directors (a) may decline to
approve or to register any transfer of any share if a written opinion from counsel acceptable to the Company shall not have been obtained to the effect that registration of such shares under the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended, is not
required and (b) shall decline to approve or to register any transfer of any share if the transferee shall not have been approved by applicable governmental authorities if such approval is required. 
 (3) If the Board refuses to register a transfer of any share the Secretary shall, within one month after the date on which the transfer was lodged with
the Company, send to the transferor and transferee notice of the refusal. 
 (4) The registration of transfers may be suspended at such times
and for such periods as the Directors may, in their absolute discretion, from time to time determine, provided always that such registration shall not be suspended for more than 45 days in any year. 
  

	69.	Transfers by joint holders 

 The joint
holders of any share or shares may transfer such share or shares to one or more of such joint holders, and the surviving holder or holders of any share or shares previously held by them jointly with a deceased Member may transfer any such share to
the executors or administrators of such deceased Member. 
 TRANSMISSION OF SHARES 
  

	70.	Representative of deceased Member 

 In the
case of the death of a Member, the survivor or survivors where the deceased Member was a joint holder, and the legal personal representatives of the deceased Member where the deceased Member was a sole holder, shall be the only persons recognized by
the Company as having any title to the deceased Member’s interest in the shares. Nothing herein contained shall release the estate of a deceased joint holder from any liability in respect of any share which had been jointly held by such
deceased Member with other persons. Subject to the provisions of Section 52 of the Act, for the purpose of this Bye-law, legal personal representative means the executor or administrator of a deceased Member or such other person as the Board
may in its absolute discretion decide as being properly authorised to deal with the shares of a deceased Member. 
  

	71.	Registration on death or bankruptcy 

 Any
person becoming entitled to a share in consequence of the death or bankruptcy of any Member may be registered as a Member upon such evidence as the Board may deem sufficient or may elect to nominate some person to be registered as a transferee of
such share, and in such case the person becoming entitled shall execute in favor of such nominee an instrument of transfer in the form, or as near thereto as circumstances admit, of Form “C” in the Schedule hereto. On the presentation
thereof to the Board, accompanied by such evidence as the Board may require to prove the title of the 

  

 25 







 
transferor, the transferee shall be registered as a Member but the Board shall, in either case, have the same right to decline or suspend registration as it
would have had in the case of a transfer of the share by that Member before such Member’s death or bankruptcy, as the case may be. 
 DIVIDENDS AND OTHER DISTRIBUTIONS 
  

	72.	Declaration of dividends by the Board 

 The
Board may, subject to these Bye-laws and in accordance with Section 54 of the Act, declare a dividend to be paid to the Members, in proportion to the number of shares held by them, and such dividend may be paid in cash or wholly or partly in
specie in which case the Board may fix the value for distribution in specie of any assets. 
  

	73.	Other distributions 

 The Board may declare
and make such other distributions (in cash or in specie) to the Members as may be lawfully made out of the assets of the Company. 
  

	74.	Reserve fund 

 The Board may from time to
time before declaring a dividend set aside, out of the surplus or profits of the Company, such sum as it thinks proper as a reserve to be used to meet contingencies or for equalizing dividends or for any other special purpose. 
  

	75.	Deduction of Amounts due to the Company 

 The
Board may deduct from the dividends or distributions payable to any Member all monies due from such Member to the Company on account of calls or otherwise. 
 CERTAIN SUBSIDIARIES 
  

	76.	Voting of subsidiary shares 

 Notwithstanding
any other provision of these Bye-laws to the contrary, if the Company is required or entitled to vote at a general meeting of any direct subsidiary of the Company during any period in which the voting rights of any shares of the Company are adjusted
pursuant to Bye-laws 51-52 (inclusive), the Directors shall refer the subject matter of the vote, other than the appointment, removal and remuneration of auditors, the approval of financial statements and any reports thereon and the remuneration of
directors, to the Members of the Company on a poll (subject to Bye-laws 50-54) and seek authority from the Members for the Company’s corporate representative or proxy to vote in favor of the resolution proposed by the subsidiary. The
Directors shall cause the Company’s corporate representative or proxy to vote the Company’s shares in the subsidiary pro rata to the votes received at the general meeting of the Company, with votes for or against the directing resolution
being taken, respectively, as an instruction for the Company’s corporate representative or proxy to vote the appropriate proportion of its shares for and the appropriate proportion of its shares against the resolution proposed by the
subsidiary. 
  

	77.	Bye-laws or articles of association of certain subsidiaries 

 The Board in its discretion shall require that the Bye-laws or Articles of Association of each subsidiary of the Company, organized under the laws of a jurisdiction outside the 

  

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United States of America, shall contain provisions substantially similar to Bye-law 76. The Company shall enter into agreements with each such subsidiary, as
reasonably necessary, to effectuate or implement this Bye-law. 
 CAPITALISATION 
  

	78.	Issue of bonus shares 

 (1) The Board may
resolve to capitalize any part of the amount for the time being standing to the credit of any of the Company’s share premium or other reserve accounts or to the credit of the profit and loss account or otherwise available for distribution by
applying such sum in paying up unissued shares to be allotted as fully paid bonus shares pro rata to the Members. 
 (2) The Company may
capitalize any sum standing to the credit of a reserve account or sums otherwise available for dividend or distribution by applying such amounts in paying up in full partly paid shares of those Members who would have been entitled to such sums if
they were distributed by way of dividend or distribution. 
 ACCOUNTS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
  

	79.	Records of account 

 The Board shall cause to
be kept proper records of account with respect to all transactions of the Company and in particular with respect to: 
 (a) all sums of money
received and expended by the Company and the matters in respect of which the receipt and expenditure relates; 
 (b) all sales and purchases
of goods by the Company; and 
 (c) the assets and liabilities of the Company. 
 Such records of account shall be kept at the registered office of the Company or, subject to Section 83 (2) of the Act, at such other place as
the Board thinks fit and shall be available for inspection by the Directors during normal business hours. 
  

	80.	Financial year end 

 The financial year end
of the Company may be determined by resolution of the Board and failing such resolution shall be 31st December in each year. 
  

	81.	Financial statements 

 Subject to any rights
to waive laying of accounts pursuant to Section 88 of the Act, financial statements as required by the Act shall be laid before the Members in general meeting. 
 AUDIT 
  

	82.	Appointment of Auditor 

 Subject to
Section 88 of the Act, at the annual general meeting or at a subsequent special general meeting in each year, an independent representative of the Members shall be appointed by them as Auditor. Any Auditor appointed by the Members shall, prior
to 

  

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such appointment, have been appointed by the Audit Committee. Such Auditor may not be a Member and no Director, Officer or employee of the Company shall,
during his or her continuance in office, be eligible to act as an Auditor of the Company. 
  

	83.	Remuneration of Auditor 

 The remuneration of
the Auditor shall be fixed by the Audit Committee or in such manner as the Members may determine. 
  

	84.	Vacation of office of Auditor 

 If the office
of Auditor becomes vacant by the resignation or death of the Auditor, or by the Auditor becoming incapable of acting by reason of disqualification, illness or other disability at a time when the Auditor’s services are required, the Board shall,
as soon as practicable, fill the vacancy thereby created. 
  

	85.	Access to books of the Company 

 The Auditor
shall at all reasonable times have access to all books kept by the Company and to all accounts and vouchers relating thereto, and the Auditor may call on the Directors or Officers of the Company for any information in their possession relating to
the books or affairs of the Company. 
  

	86.	Report of the Auditor 

 (1) Subject to any
rights to waive laying of accounts or appointment of an Auditor pursuant to Section 88 of the Act, the accounts of the Company shall be audited at least once in every year. 
 (2) The financial statements provided for by these Bye-laws shall be audited by the Auditor in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards. The
Auditor shall make a written report thereon in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards and the report of the Auditor shall be submitted to the Members in general meeting. 
 (3) The generally accepted auditing standards referred to in subparagraph (2) of this Bye-law may be those of a country or jurisdiction other than
Bermuda. If so, the financial statements and the report of the Auditor must disclose this fact and name such country or jurisdiction. 
 NOTICES 
  

	87.	Notices to Members of the Company 

 A notice
may be given by the Company to any Member either by delivering it to such Member in person or by sending it to such Member’s address in the Register of Members or to such other address given for the purpose. For the purposes of this Bye-law, a
notice may be sent by mail, courier service, cable, telex, telecopier, facsimile, email or other mode of representing words in a legible and non-transitory form. 
  

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	88.	Notices to joint Members 

 Any notice
required to be given to a Member shall, with respect to any shares held jointly by two or more persons, be given to whichever of such persons is named first in the Register of Members and notice so given shall be sufficient notice to all the holders
of such shares. 
  

	89.	Service and delivery of notice 

 Any notice
shall be deemed to have been served at the time when the same would be delivered in the ordinary course of transmission and, in proving such service, it shall be sufficient to prove that the notice was properly addressed and prepaid, if posted, and
the time when it was posted, delivered to the courier or to the cable company or transmitted by telex, facsimile or other method as the case may be. 
 SEAL OF THE COMPANY 
  

	90.	The seal 

 The seal of the Company shall be
in such form as the Board may from time to time determine. The Board may adopt one or more duplicate seals for use in or outside Bermuda. 
  

	91.	Manner in which seal is to be affixed 

 The
seal of the Company shall not be affixed to any instrument except attested by the signature of a Director and the Secretary or any two Directors, or any person appointed by the Board for the purpose, PROVIDED, that any Director, Officer or Resident
Representative may affix the seal of the Company attested by such Director, Officer or Resident Representative’s signature to any authenticated copies of these Bye-laws, the incorporating documents of the Company, the minutes of any meetings or
any other documents required to be authenticated by such Director, Officer or Resident Representative. 
 WINDING-UP 
  

	92.	Winding-up/distribution by liquidator 

 If
the Company shall be wound up the liquidator may, with the sanction of a resolution of the Members, divide amongst the Members in specie or in kind the whole or any part of the assets of the Company (whether they shall consist of property of the
same kind or not) and may, for such purpose, set such value as he or she deems fair upon any property to be divided as aforesaid and may determine how such division shall be carried out as between the Members or different classes of Members;
PROVIDED THAT, each Member holding common shares of the Company shall receive at least the pro rata portion (based on its ownership of such shares) of any cash so distributed. The liquidator may, with the like sanction, vest the whole or any part of
such assets in trustees upon such trusts for the benefit of the Members as the liquidator shall think fit, but so that no Member shall be compelled to accept any shares or other securities or assets whereon there is any liability. 
  

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 ALTERATION OF BYE-LAWS 
  

	93.	Alteration of Bye-laws 

 No Bye-law shall be
rescinded, altered or amended and no new Bye-law shall be made until the same has been approved by a resolution of the Board and by a resolution of the Members. 
  


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