### IN THE CO URT OF CR IMINAL APPEALS OF T ENN ESSEE
AT NASHVILL E

Ass ig ne d o n B rie fs Nov em be r 18 , 20 09

STATE OF TENNESS EE v . JEFFREY TH OMAS PARDUE

D irect A p p ea l f

ro m th e C rim in a l C o u rt f o r D a v id so n C o u n ty
N o . 2 0 0 8 -A -4 2 0 S tev e D o zier, J u d g e

N o . M 2 0 0 9 -0 1 1 6 3 -C C A -R 3 -C D - F iled N o v em b er 4 , 2 0 1 0

A p p ellan t, Jef

f rey T h o m as P ard u e, w as in d icted b y th e D av id so n C o u n t y G r a n d J u ry f o r b u rg lary o f a m o to r v eh icle an d th ef t o f p ro p erty v alu ed at m o re th an $ 1 ,0 0 0

. A j u ry f o u n d

A p p ellan t g u ilty o f b o th ch arg es. T h e t r i a l c o u r t sen ten ced A p p ellan t to tw o y ears f o r b u rg lary an d th ree y ears f o r th ef t, an d th e sen ten ces w ere o rd ered to b e serv ed co n cu rren tly

. T h e trial co u rt su sp en d ed th e sen ten ces an d p laced A p p ellan t o n p ro b atio n

. A p p ellan t w as also o rd ered to receiv e alco h o l treatm en t an d p ay restitu tio n in th e am o u n t o f $ 1 ,1 8 4

. A f ter th e d en ial o f a m o tio n f

o r n ew trial, A p p ellan t f

iled a tim ely n o tice o f ap p eal. O n ap p eal,

A p p ellan t arg u es th at th e ev id en ce w as in su f f icien t to su stain th e co n v ictio n s. A f ter a

rev iew o f th e reco r d

, w e d eterm in e th at th e ev id en ce w as su f f icien t to su p p o rt th e

co n v ictio n s f

o r b u rg lary o f a v eh icle an d th ef t o f p ro p erty v alu ed at m o re th an $ 1 ,0 0 0

. C o n seq u en tly , th e j u d g m en ts o f th e trial co u rt are af

f irm ed

.

T en n . R . A p p . P . A p p ea l a s o f R ig h t; J u d g m en ts o f

th e C rim in a l C o u rt A f

f irm ed

T H O M A S T

. W O O D A L L , J., d eliv ered th e o p in io n o f th e C o u rt, in w h ich J E R R Y L

. S M IT H an d
C A M IL L E R

. M C M U L L E N , JJ., j o in ed

.

M ich ael J. F lan ag an , N ash v ille, T en n essee, f o r th e ap p ellan t, Jef

f rey T h o m as P ard u e.

R o b ert E

. C o o p er, J r

. , A t t o rn ey G en eral an d R ep o rter; L in d sy P ad u ch S tem p el, A ssistan t
A tto rn ey G en eral; V icto r S

. (T o rry ) Jo h n s o n , III, D istrict A tto rn ey G en eral; an d Jen n if er M cM illen , A ssistan t D istrict A tto rn ey G en eral, f

o r th e ap p ellee, th e S tate o f T en n essee.O P IN IO N

I. B a ckg ro u n d

O n T u esd ay , A u g u st 2 9

, 2 0 0 6

, R o b ert V an ce P o u n d ers, th e o w n er o f a p lu m b in g , h eatin g , an d air co n d itio n in g rep air an d in stallatio n b u sin ess, l oc a t e d a t 939 W oodl a

nd S treet
in N ash v ille, w as n o tif

ied th at a g ate b eh in d o n e o f h is b u ild in g s w as lef t o p en

. Wh en M r. P o u n d ers rev iew ed th e secu rity tap es, h e b ecam e aw are th at ap p ro x im ately $ 5 ,7 0 0 in h an d

an d p o w er to o ls h ad b een sto len f ro m a co m

p an y v eh icle. A cco rd in g to M r. P o u n d ers, th e

v id eo tap e sh o w ed a ma n g r a b b i n g a b rief case f u ll o f to o ls f

ro m a v eh icle. T h e m an th en b ack ed a p ick -u p tru ck in to th e f en ced in area an d to o k m o re to o ls.

M r. P o u n d ers called th e p o lice. T h en M r. P o u n d ers w atch ed th e v id eo tap e sev eral

m o re tim es w ith h is em

p lo y ee Jo h n D av id so n

. A f ter w atch in g th e v id eo tap e, M r. P o u n d ers

w as ab le to d iscern th at th e p ick -u p tru ck in v o lv ed in th e in cid en t w as p ain ted a f lat b lack

co lo r an d h ad a b lu e tru ck b ed

. T h e d riv er o f th e tru ck w as w earin g b lu e j e an s, a f lan n el
sh irt, an d a b all cap

.

A p p ro x im ately f

o u r o r f iv e h o u rs later, M r. P o u n d ers an d M r

. D av id so n w ere
stan d in g o u tsid e in f

ro n t o f th e o f

f ice w h en th ey n o ticed a p ick -u p tru ck th at lo o k ed lik e th e

o n e in th e v id eo tap e d riv e b y an d p u l l i n to a co n stru ctio n site acro ss th e street. M r. P o u n d ers an d M r. D av id so n g o t in to a v eh icle an d f o llo w ed th e tru ck w h en it l e f t th e site

acro ss th e street. T h ey f o l l o w e d th e tru ck to a b an k p ark in g lo t. T h e d riv er o f th e tru ck

p u lled u p b esid e th em

an d ask ed w h y h e w as b ein g f o llo w ed

. T h e m an w as w earin g b lu e j ean s, a f

l a n n el sh irt, an d a b all cap

. M r. P o u n d ers in f o rm ed th e m an th at secu rity

v id eo tap es sh o w ed h im

stealin g to o ls f

ro m h is p ro p erty . T h e d riv er o f th e tru ck sp ed o f

f

.

M r. P o u n d ers w as ab le to g et th e licen se p late n u m b er o n th e tru ck

. H e tu rn ed th at
in f o rm atio n o v er to p o lice w h o w ere ab le to v erif y th at th e lice n s e p l a te w as reg istered to
A p p ellan t, w h o liv ed in D ick so n C o u n ty

. T h e p o lice d ep artm en t p rep ared a p h o to g rap h ic
lin eu p , an d M r. P o u n d ers w as ab le to id en tif y A p p ellan t as th e d riv er o f th e tru ck

.

A f ter th e d en ial o f a m o tio n f o r n ew trial, A p p ellan t f

iled a tim ely n o tice o f ap p eal.
O n ap p eal, A p p ellan t ch allen g es th e su f f icien cy o f th e ev id en ce to su p p o rt th e co n v ictio n s.

II. A n a lysis

Wh en a d ef

en d an t ch allen g es th e su f f i c i e n c y o f th e co n v ictin g ev id en ce, w e m u st

rev iew th e ev id en ce in a l ig h t m o st f av o rab le to th e p ro secu tio n in d eterm in in g w h eth er a ratio n al trier o f f

act co u ld h av e f

o u n d all th e e s s e n tial elem en ts o f th e crim e b ey o n d a

-2-reaso n ab le d o u b t

. J a c k s o n v. V irg in ia

, 4 4 3 U .S

. 3 0 7

, 3 1 9 (1 9 7 9 ). O n ce a j u ry f in d s a d ef en d an t g u ilty

, h is o r h er p resu m p tio n o f i n n o cen ce is rem o v ed an d rep laced o n ap p eal

w ith a p resu m

p tio n o f g u ilt. S ta te v. B la ck

, 8 1 5 S

. W

. 2 d 1 6 6

, 1 7 5 (T en n

. 1 9 9 1 ). T h e d ef en d an t h as th e b u rd en o f o v erco m in g th is p resu m p tio n , an d th e S tate is en titled to t h e
stro n g est leg itim ate v iew o f th e ev id en ce alo n g w ith al l r e a s o n ab le in f eren ces w h ich m ay b e d raw n f

ro m th at ev id en ce. Id .; S ta te v. T u g g le

, 6 3 9 S .W.2 d 9 1 3

, 9 1 4 (T en n

. 1 9 8 2 ). T h e j u ry is p resu m ed to h av e reso lv ed all co n f licts an d d raw n an y reaso n ab le in f eren ces in f

av o r

o f th e S tate. S ta te v. S

h effield

, 6 7 6 S .W.2 d 5 4 2

, 5 4 7 (T en n

. 1 9 8 4 ). Q u estio n s co n cern in g th e cred ib ility o f w itn esse s , t h e w eig h t an d v alu e to b e g iv en th e ev id en ce, an d all f actu al
issu es raised b y th e ev id en ce are res o l v e d b y t h e t r i er o f f act an d n o t th is C o u rt. S ta te v. B la n d , 9 5 8 S .W.2 d 6 5 1 , 6 5 9 (T en n . 1 9 9 7 ). T h ese ru les are ap p licab le to f in d in g s o f

g u ilt

p red icated u p o n d irect ev id en ce, circu m st a n tial ev id en ce, o r a co m b in atio n o f b o th d irect

a n d c ircu m stan tial ev id en ce. S ta te v. M a tth ew s , 8 0 5 S .W.2 d 7 7 6

, 7 7 9 (T en n

. C rim

. A p p

. 1 9 9 0 ).

T o su stain th e d ef

en d an t’s co n v ictio n f

o r b u rg lary o f a m o to r v eh icle in th is case, th e S tate w as req u ired to p ro v e th at th e d ef en d an t, w ith o u t th e o w n er’s co n sen t, en tered a m o to r

v eh icle w ith th e in ten t to co m m it a th ef t. T .C

. A

. § 3 9

- 1 4 -4 0 2 (a)(4 ). “A p erso n co m m its

t h e f t o f p ro p erty if

, w ith in ten t to d ep riv e th e o w n er o f p ro p erty

, th e p erso n k n o w in g l y

o b tain s o r ex ercises co n tro l o v er th e p ro p erty w ith o u t th e o w n er’s ef f ectiv e co n s e n t

. ”

T .C .A

. § 3 9 -1 4 -1 0 3

. T h eref o re, to o b tain a th ef

t co n v ictio n , th e S tate m

u st estab lish “(1 )
th e d ef en d an t k n o w in g ly o b tain ed o r ex ercised co n tro l o v er p ro p erty ; (2 ) th e d ef en d an t d id

n o t h av e th e o w n er’s ef

f ectiv e co n sen t; an d (3 ) th e d ef en d an t in ten d ed to d ep riv e th e o w n er

o f th e p ro p erty .” S ta te v. A m a n n s , 2 S .W.3 d 2 4 1 , 2 4 4 -4 5 (T en n . C rim . A p p . 1 9 9 9 ).

T h e ev id en ce, v iew ed in a lig h t m o st f av o rab le to th e S tate, sh o w s th at b o th M r. P o u n d ers an d M r. D av id so n v iew ed th e v id eo tap e th at sh o w ed A p p ellan t en terin g a v eh icle

o w n ed b y M r. P o u n d ers. A p p ellan t rem o v ed ap p ro x im ately $ 5 ,7 0 0 w o rth o f to o ls f ro m th e

v eh icle an d p laced th em in a d istin ctiv ely p a i n t e d p ick -u p tru ck

. M r. P o u n d ers later

w i t n e s s e d t h e sam e tru ck d riv in g p ast th e en tran ce to h is b u sin ess to p u ll in to a n earb y

co n stru ctio n site. M r. P o u n d ers an d M r. D av id so n f o llo w ed th e tru ck to a n earb y p ark in g lo t. Wh en in f

o rm ed b y M r. P o u n d ers th at th ere w as a v id eo tap e sh o w in g A p p ellan t stealin g
to o ls, A p p ellan t p ro m

p tly sp ed aw ay in h is p ick -u p tru ck

. T h ey g o t th e licen se p late n u m b er

o f th e tru ck an d w ere b o th ab le to reco g n ize A p p ellan t as th e p erso n o n th e v id eo tap e b y h is
f lan n el sh irt an d b all cap

. T h e licen se p late w a s r e g istered to A p p ellan t. F u rth er, M r. P o u n d ers p ick ed A p p ellan t o u t o f a p h o to g rap h ic lin eu p as th e p erp etrato r. T h e id en tif icatio n o f a d ef

en d an t as th e p erp etrato r is a q u estio n o f f act f o r th e j u ry

. S ta te v. L in d sey , 2 0 8 S .W.3 d 4 3 2

, 4 4 4 (T en n

. C rim

. A p p

. 2 0 0 6 ). “T h e cred ib le testim o n y o f o n e id en tif icatio n w itn ess is su f

f icien t to su p p o rt a co n v ictio n if th e w itn ess v iew ed th e accu sed

u n d er su ch circu m stan ces as w o u ld p erm it a p o sitiv e id en tif icatio n to b e m ad e.” Id

. ( citin g

-3-S ta te v

. R a d ley

, 2 9 S .W.3 d 5 3 2

, 5 3 6 (T en n

. C rim

. A p p

. 1 9 9 9 ). M o reo v er, as stated

p rev io u sly

, q u estio n s co n cern in g th e cred ib ility o f w itn esses, th e w eig h t an d v alu e to b e

g iv en th e ev id en ce, an d all f actu al issu es raised b y th e ev id en ce are reso lv ed b y th e trier o f
f act an d n o t th is C o u rt. B la n d

, 9 5 8 S .W.2 d at 6 5 9

. In th is case, th e j u ry o b v io u sly reso lv ed

an y id en tif

icatio n issu es in f

av o r o f th e S tate. T h e ev id en ce w as s u f f icien t to su p p o rt th e

co n v ictio n s. A p p ellan t is n o t en titled to relief o n th is issu e.

C O N C L U S IO N

A f ter a th o ro u g h rev iew o f

th e reco rd , w e af

f irm th e j u d g m en ts o f

th e trial co u rt.

________________

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ T H O M A S T . WO O D A L L , JU D G E

-4-