513 533 6826 P.18

PPR-23-2018 16:14 NIOSH OCAS
Special Exposure Cohort Petition Nios, Lf U.S, Department of Health and Human Services|
under the Energy Employees Occupational Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
UIness Compensation Act National institute for Occupational Safety and Health
Instructions for Completing Special Ex OMB Number: 0920-0639 Expires: 07/31/2010
{Cohort Petition — Form B Page 19 of 10
@ ——. — — ~ ——
Public Burden Statement

Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 300 minutes per response,
including time for reviewing instructions, gathering the information needed, and completing the form. If you
have any comments regarding the burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information,
including suggestions for reducing this burden, send them to CDC Reports Clearance Officer, 1600 Clifton
Road, MS-E-11, Atlanta GA, 30333; ATTN:PRA 0920-0639, Do not send the completed petition form to this
address. Completed petitions are to be submitted to NIOSH at the address provided in these instructions.
Persons are not required to respond to the information collected on this form unless it displays a currently
valid OMB number,

Privacy Act Advisement

In accordance with the Privacy Act of 1974, as amended (6 U.S.C. § 552a), you are hereby notified of the
following:

The Energy Employees Occupational Iliness Compensation Program Act (42 U.S.C. §§ 7384-7385)
(EEOICPA) authorizes the President to designate additional classes of employees to be included in the
Special Exposure Cohort (SEC). EEOICPA authorizes HHS to implement its responsibilities with the
assistance of the National Institute for Occupational Safety (NIOSH), an Institute of the Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention. Information obtained by NIOSH in connection with petitions for including additional
classes of employees in the SEC will be used to evaluate the petition and report findings to the Advisory
Board on Radiation and Worker Health and HHS,

@ Records containing identifiable information become Part of an existing NIOSH system of records under the
* [Privacy Act, 09-20-147 “Occupational Health Epidemiological Studies and EEOICPA Program Records.
HHS/CDC/NIOSH.” These records are treated in a confidential manner, unless otherwise compelled by law.
Disclosures that NIOSH may need to make for the processing of your petition or other Purposes are listed
below.

NIOSH may need to disclose personal identifying information to: (a) the Department of Energy, other federal
agencies, other government or private entities and to Private sector employers to permit these entities to
retrieve records required by NIOSH; (b) identified witnesses as designated by NIOSH so that these
individuals can provide information to assist with the evaluation of SEC petitions; (c) contractors assisting
NIOSH; (d) collaborating researchers, under certain limited circumstances to conduct further investigations;
{e) Federal, state and local agencies for law enforcement Purposes; and (f) a Member of Congress or a
Congressional staff member in Fresponse to a verified inquiry.

This notice applies to all forms and informational requests that you may receive from NIOSH in connection
with the evaluation of an SEC petition.

Use of the NIOSH petition forms (A and B) is voluntary but your provision of information required by these
forms is mandatory for the consideration of a petition, as specified under 42 CFR Part 83, Petitions that fail to
provide required information may not be considered by HHS.



Thorium | Radiation Protection | US EPA Page 3 of 5

Hosp

+ prodricing waste products such as mill tailings. If not prc ed, wind and water can
introduce the tailings into the wider environment. Commercial and federal facilities that have
@ processed thorium may also have released thorium to the air, water, or soil. Man-made
thorium isotopes are rare, and almost never enter the environment.

How does thorium change in the environment?

As thorium-232 undergoes radioactive decay, it emits an alpha particle, with accompanying
gamma radiation, and forms radium-228. This process of releasing radiation and forming a
new radionuclide continues until stable lead-208 is formed. The haif-life of thorium-232 is
about 14 billion years. Two other isotopes of thorium, which can be significant in the
environment, are thorium-230 and thorium-228. Both decay by alpha emission, with
accompanying gamma radiation, in 75,400 years and 1.9 years, respectively.

How are people exposed to thorium?

Since thorium is naturally present in the environment, people are exposed to tiny amounts in
air, food and water. The amounts are usually very small and pose little health hazard.
Thorium is also present in many consumer products such as ceramic glazes, fantern mantles,

and welding rods. 5

People who live near a facility that mines or mills thorium, or manufactures products with
thorium, may receive higher exposures, Also, people who work with thorium in various
industries may receive higher exposures.

How does thorium get into the body?

People may inhale contaminated dust, or swallow thorium with food or water. Living near a
thorium contaminated site, or working in an industry where thorium is used, increases your
chance of exposure to thorium.

What does thorium do once it gets into the body?

If inhaled as dust, some thorium may remain in the lungs for long periods of time, depending
on the chemical form. If ingested, thorium typically leaves the body through feces and urine

within several days. The small amount of thorium left in the body will enter the bloodstream

and be deposited in the bones where it may remain for many years. There is some evidence

that the body may absorb thorium through the skin, but that would not likely be the primary
means of entry.

Health Effects of Thorium

http://www.cpa.gov/rpdweb00/radionuclides/thorium.html 03/17/2010


NIOSH

Voorces’er Pam. Coli,

MCE CL TELEGRAM EA 2617S JAN 23.1931

orton nuclear dump=TM
oy documented —

shutting down in 1962, also held a “giecial nuclear mate-
rials license” to produce material
fora Energy Canada Ltd.

old - Nuclear R A Telegram’ Teporter, the late Jo-
D egulatory, Commission y
"officials: investigating .the, buried S¢Ph H. Gauthier, wrote that the
“waste said they. hav project, billed as “part of the
sketchy informati on’ peaceful use of the:atom program,
erations. in, Norton Co. -; Produced fission able. uranium pel-
nsé files, ‘recently retr lets for. Argonne, inder the idirec-
de e tion ‘of Fre ke, then: Nor~

sone ofthe only.a
of the manuf

Tt, and ur
from.-the U.
}, mission, ¢
‘fuels’ plant .. ws
ranitim pellets and fuel: rods}, »plex in-the 1088
eof the world’s first, com4 ‘with the Nucl Regulal ary Com:
at“huclear reactors -‘befo1 mission show the. Greén fale: plant

* dontrol tods of. "boron carbide‘ for
five "years," anid: ‘for’ 10 Years as ,

“, ‘Turn to NO ACTION/Next Page :



533 6826 P.@S
APR-23-2816 16:13 NIOSH OCAS 513,

é
Special Exposure Cohort Petition U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
under the Energy Employees Occupational =» &// 0.5 - . Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
lliness Compensation Act National Institute for Occupationat Safety and Health

Instructions for Completing Special E 4B Number: 0920-0839 Expires: 07/31/2010
Cohort Petition — Form B ;

Page 5 of 10
loyment Information Related to Petition: Enter the following employment information about
this petition:
C.Ja—Emptoyes Number: Enter the emplovae nurnhar if unr tens te Ait =!" ——-Iovars assigned

b = Dates ent: Enter the dates of amployment a* *+- *-~"""
employment records are unavailable), from start date to end date.

G.f¢ — Employer Name: Enter the name of the employer.
¢.7d — Wark Site Location: Enter the location of the facility and se peenwin wee wo

specific as possible about the work site, naming the specific building or work area if possible, as well as the
facility location (e.g., idaho National Engineering Laboratory). IN UPAIM NO N11 auadinen |

C.7e — Supervisor's Name: Enter the Supe

———J

Petitioner {fiformation: Complete Part D'i you aré'a labor organization: ' *
This section is to be completed only by labor organizations submitting a petition on behalf of employees they
represent or represented. If you are not such a labor organization, you should skip this part.

D.1-— Labor Organization Information: Enter the name of the labor organization and the position of the
person who will serve as the principal contact with HHS for this petition.

D.2-— Name of Petition Representative: Enter the name of the official who will serve as the principal
Contact for HHS communications and inquiries regarding this petition.

D.3-D.5 — Contact Information: Enter the address, telephone number, and e-mail address of the fabor
Official wno will serve as the principal contact for HHS.

== Period during which |: organization sented employee: vered by thi: ition: Enter
dates as indicated. For active facilities at which your labor organization continues to represent employees,
anter the date of the petition for the “end date." Please attach related documentation (e.g., relevant pages of
labor-management contracts or NLRB certification).

D.7— Identity of other labor organizations that may repre: nt or hav: ented this Sof
Employees: Enter the names of any other labor organizations who may currently represent some members

of the class of employees or have represented members of this class in the past, if you are aware of any,
This information may assist HHS in contacting members of the petitioning class for information or to notify
them, should HHS add their class to the Cohort,

—



APR-23-2018 16:15 NIGSH OCAS

513 533 6826 P.14

u

Special Exposure Cohort Petition
under the Energy Employees Occupational
Iiiness Compensation Act

VUE

.S. Department of Health and Human Services
Centars for Disease Control and Prevention
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

VIB Number: 0920-0639 Expires: 07/31/2010

General Instructions on Completing
Except for signatures, please PRINT all information clearly and neatly on the form.

Please read each of Parts A — G in this form and complete the parts appropriate to you. If there is more
than one petitioner, then each petitioner should compiete those sections of parts A — C of the form that apply
to them. Additional copies of the first two Pages of this form ara provided at the end of the form for this pur-
pose, A maximum of three petitioners is allowed,

If you need mora space to provide additio a! information, use the continuation Page provided at the end of
the form and attach the completed continuation page(s) to Form B.

If you have questions about the use of this form, please call the following NIOSH toll-free phone number and
fequest to speak to someone in the Office of Compensation Analysis and Support about an SEC petition:
1-877-222-8570,

IS are available in & separate packet):

StartatD on Page 3

Q A Labor Organization,

SEEN eeeeeenee a
Ifyou Q An Energy Employee (current or former), StartatC on Page 2
are: AAA Survivor (of a former Energy Employee), StartatB on Page 2 a
— meee —
2 A Representative (of a current or former Energy Employes), StartatA on Page 1

Representative information — Complete Section A if you are authorized by an Employee or

Survivor(s) to petition on behalf of a class.

Are you a contact person for an organization? O Yes (Go to A2) 2 No (Go to A.3)

Organization Information:
Name of Organization
Position of Contact Person

A3 Name of Petition Representative:
Mr./Mrs./Ms. First Name Middle Initial Last Name

A4 Address:
Street Apt # P.O, Box
City State Zip Code

A5 Telephone Number: (_ -

AS Email Address:

A.7 1 Check the box at left to indicate you have attached to the back of this form written authorization to

led in Parts B or C of this form. An authorization

petition by the survivor(s) or employee(s) indicat
qe
‘If you-are rep :

ployee, go to Part C,

Name or Social Security Number of First Petitioner:


if site

00

EPA taking

jons of ‘whether the: hazardous-or radioac-

tive.wastes: col

"area,

‘amp

1-190

k at

and possibly the taking: of

samples, she said.

pat

saffect:grounawater in the

ity.

By Joh:
Staff Rep

Once that assessment is- performed, Ms-:::
Smith said, she is sure the site will be recom-

“aware for seven years of | me!

1d BE

required in the next phase of investigation in

-Said.:But she'said such site testing cou!

midéd for further evaluation to‘determine
She said that will be a lengthy process and

it may be up to two years before eligibility is

whether it would qualify for the federal Su-
ardous. waste program said environmental . determined.

perftind hazardous waste cleanup program. .-

said
tion
LENGTHY PROCESS

buried there.

disposed of in a dump now
Nancy Smith of the EPA Superfund haz-

covered by an Interstate 190 exit ramp in

put only learned recently that ra-

dioactive wastes were also

hazardous wastes

A fed:
yesterdi,
Agency has been
Worcester,

00 to deter-

olve studies
Turn to EPA /Page AS

she said. That. will inv

to rank the site on a Scale of 1 to 11

is
33'S. PYSR g
gees basse =
goa3. 2232. 2
33" gig 3.
ion BSote: 5
Bese gykde: B
‘eres Geese 3
§2g8e 22859 5

Be
Po a 8o,, 4
eeuud CS222% 3
gases Begs ss
“eses agceas 3
berg go 2bes 2
1 ees (383533
GSEs 82 2a! 8
Beeho g0ea "5

AQ eg eons
wees “E8588.

disposal of various hazardous solvents for -
many years before the highway was built in’.

Iso evalu:

y Superfund consultants on ~the.
‘ate radioactive wastes buried there.

way dump will be revised to al

hij

:formed
ely

the late 1970s, and the company also dis-

evaluations will eventually address ques-

‘That process will include a site inspection “posed of radioactive wastes and contaminat-

EPA

Continued From Page.One
‘ mine if’ it would be’
placed on a list, along with several

hundred other sites in New Eng-
Jand, for remedial action.
NO ACTION BY DEP
” Meanwhile, state Department of
Environmental Protection officials
yesterday clarified preyious state-
ments that no action.would be
taken by that agency regarding the
site. t
DEP will send a formal notice to
the state Department of Public
Works, which now owns the prop-
erty, that the disposal-site believed
to lie 30 to 60;feet below the. West
ountain Stréet exit -ramy
will be included in. the’ stat
ardous waste site program:

will require ‘the s\
have a consultantii
hazardous waste b
O'Leary said, whi
no jurisdiction ove
wastes, it require
ments of all susp
waste sites in thé’'state. O’Leary
said it remains unclear. why the:
DEP did’ not notify.the. state De-
partment of Public Works’ and re=
quire a site asessment since /1982,
when Norton Co. notified DEP
about the hazardous wastes there.

NO IMMEDIATE THREAT:. 5.

O'Leary added, however, that he .
believes , the : radiga¢tive wastes
pose no immediate threat ‘to the

tect the public from atiy,exposure }
paths when the waste$were biiried |
deep in the ground, arid that both -
city and state health officials also ;
took precautions to midke: sure, the ..
materials were not disfiirBed when
the highway was built in 1972.;,

“Whether or not some other
course of action should. be taken
now, is another.que: O'Leary
said. ve

Since the existence of the radio-
active dump was publicly disclosed
this week; U.S. Nuclear Regulatory

‘ Commission officials have also

begun making inquiries about the
site to evaluate it for any possible
environmental or health threats.

WO05fe



513 533 6826 P.13
APR-23-2010 16:15 NIOSH OCAS.
Special Exposure Cohort Petition U.S, Department of Health and Human Services
under the Energy Employees Occupational I) if OS; yi Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Siness Compensation Act National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

} Number: 0920-0639 Expires: 07/31/2010

rganization.

Labor Organization Information:

Name of Organization

Position of Contact Person
D.2 Name of Petition Representative:

D.3 Address of Petition Representative:

Street Apt # P.O. Box
City State Zip Code
D.4 Telephone Number of Petition Representative: d :

D.S Email Address of Petition Representative:

D.6 Period during which labor organization represented employees covered by this petition
(please attach documentation); Start End

0.7 — Identity of other labor organizations that may represent or have represented this class of
employees (if known):

Name or Social Security Number of First Petitioner: _



513 533 6826 P.@8

APR~23-2010 16:14 NIOSH OCAS

>pecial Exposure Cohort Petition Aft 7) SAf- U.S, Department of Health and Human Services

under the Energy Employees Occupational Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

liness Compensation Act National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
ctions for Completing Special E) OMB Number: 0820-0639 Expires: 07/31/2010

Cohort Petition — Form B __ Page 8 of 10

the froposed class have been lost, falsified, or destroyed, Documentation or affidavits demonstrating that

itoring records are missing for a class of workers might be sufficient to indicate that the records have
been lost or destroyed. Documentation or affidavits demonstrating differences between exposures or
monitoring results and the current official records of these exposures of monitoring results might be sufficient
to indicate that records might have been falsified. You should note, however, that records can be changed to
Teflect corrections to faulty monitoring results.

Padres this entry if you are petitioning on the basis that radiation monitoring records for members of

Also complete this entry if there is no information regarding monitoring, source, source term, or process from
the site where the members of the proposed class worked,

By completing this entry, you do not need to establish (through documentation or affidavit) that there are no
monitoring records whatsoever, for personal or area monitoring that was conducted for the clase of
employees, or that all the relevant records have been falsified. You need only indicate that the records
relating to some types of radiation exposures and doses incurred by the class, or relating to certain periods
of time, certain operations, or certain exposure incidents involving the class, have been lost, falsified, or
destroyed, or that there is no such information.

E.3: Complete this entry if you are petitioning on the basis of an unpublished expert report addressing record
limitations for the class of employees proposed in your petition. You are not required to use this approach to
Support your petition. Most petitioners are unlikely to be in a position to employ an expert to evaluate the
limitations of DOE records on exposures to a Particular class of employees, However, this is an option that
might be used by some petitioners, particularly organizations. If you are considering this option, we suggest
the expert you employ contact NIOSH before completing such an evaluation. NIOSH will ensure that the
expert is aware of the availability of relevant information concerning the procedures by which NIOSH
estimates radiation doses for cancer claims under the Act, including the HHS regulations on dose
reconstruction methods (42 CFR Part 82) and related implementation guidelines.

E.4: Complete this entry if you are petitioning on the basis of a scientific or technical report that was
Published in a peer-reviewed journal or issued by a government agency of the Executive Branch of
Government, or the General Accounting Office, the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, or the Defense Nuclear
Facilities Safety Board. Federal agencies most likely to have funded or to fund such studies are DOE and
NIOSH. It is possible that state environmental Protection agencies might have funded such studies related to
AWE facllities. Such reports are likely to have been issued either as scientific or technical reports available
directly by request from government agencies or as research reports published in scientific journals.



ARC KNOWN CARCINOGENS: THORIUM DIOXIDE Page | of 2

so Mish
KNOWN CARCINOGEN:
THORIUM DIOXIDE (CAS No. 1314-20-1)

CARCINOGENICITY

There is sufficient evidence for the carcinogenicity of thorium dioxide in experimental animals (CHIP,
1981e; Wegener, 1979), When administered by intravenous injection, thorium dioxide induced
hemangioendotheliosarcomas or reticuloendotheliosarcomas of the liver, spleen, and lung in rabbits. The
same route of administration induced cholangiocellular carcinomas in hamsters and liver cell adenomas
in rats. When administered by subcutaneous injection, thorium dioxide induced local fibrosarcomas in
rats and mice. When administered by intraperitoneal injection, thorium dioxide induced polymorphous
and fibroplastic sarcomas in rats, mice, hamsters, rabbits, and guinea pigs.

There is sufficient evidence for the carcinogenicity of thorium dioxide in humans (Grampa, 1971; CHIP,
1981e; Kojiro et al., 1985), When administered by intravascular injection, thorium dioxide has been
reported to have induced numerous cases of malignant neoplasms. Angiosarcoma of the liver,
cholangiocarcinoma, and hepato-cellular carcinoma are the most common liver neoplasms, and the
coexistence of two to three different malignant neoplasms in one single patient has also been reported.
Some of the other tumors associated with thorium dioxide injection include carcinomas and sarcomas of
the renal pelvis and leukemia. A recent case report and review of the literature describes a number of
osteosarcomas and related tumors arising in treated patients with a mean latency period of 26 years;
also, the latency period was found to be inversely related to the dose. Another recent study suggests an
average latency of 36 years between thorium dioxide exposure and onset of angiosarcomas of the liver

(Kojiro etEal., 1985).
PROPERTIES

Thorium dioxide is a radioactive, heavy, white crystalline powder. It is insoluble in water and alkalies,
and soluble in acids, with difficulty. When heated to incandescence, thorium dioxide emits a brilliant
white light. It is available in the United States in stocks of different particle sizes (from 1 um to 12Emm)
with purities ranging from 99.9% to 99.99%. The x-ray contrast medium, Thorotrast, is a 25% colloidal
thorium dioxide suspension in aqueous dextrin,

USE

Use of thorium dioxide as a radiopaque medium for x-ray imaging in certain medical diagnostic
procedures began around 1930, but was practically discarded after 1945 because harmful late effects
from its use were noted (Grampa, 1971). Thorium dioxide has also been used as a source of nuclear
energy, but consumption for this use has been curtailed in recent years (CHIP, 198te), It is also used in
gas mantles, flame spraying, nonsilica optical glass, thoriated tungsten filaments, welding electrodes,
high temperature ceramics and crucibles, and as a catalyst (Sax, 1987; Kirk-Othmer V.22, 1983).

PRODUCTION

Thorium-bearing monazite is recovered domestically by one company in Florida as a by-product of
mining zirconium and titanium minerals and by another company in North Carolina as a by-product of
mining gold and industrial sands, but production figures are not available. Most likely this material is

http://ntp-server.niehs.nih.gow/htdocs/ARC/ARC_KC/Thorium_Dioxide.html 8/21/2002


26 P.1?
APR-23-2619 16:16 NIQSH QCAS 513 533 68.

Special Exposure Cohort Petition U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
der the Enehay Employees Occupational |) VC OS ff Centers for Disease Control and Services|
liiness Compensation Act National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
OMB Number: 0920-0639 Expires: 07/31/2010
Special Exposure Cohort Petition oe Page 7 of 7

Public Burden Statement

Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 300 minutes per response,
including time for reviewing instructions, gathering the information needed, and completing the form. If you
have any comments regarding the burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information,
including suggestions for reducing this burden, sand them to CDC Reports Clearance Officer, 1600 Clifton
Road, MS-E-11, Atlanta GA, 30333; ATTN:PRA 0920-0639. Do not send the completed petition form to this
address. Completed petitions are to be submitted to NIOSH at the address provided in these instructions.
Persons are not required to Fespond to the information collected on this form unless it displays a currently
valid OMB number.

Privacy Act Advisement

In accordance with the Privacy Act of 1974, as amended (5 U.S.C. § 552a), you are hereby notified of the
following:

The Energy Employees Occupational Iliness Compensation Program Act (42 U.S.C, §§ 7384-7385)
(EEOICPA) authorizes the President to designate additional classes of employees to be included in the
Special Exposure Cohort (SEC). EEOICPA authorizes HHS to implement its responsibilities with the
assistance of the National Institute for Occupational Safety (NIOSH), an Institute of the Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention, Information obtained by NIOSH in connection with Petitions for including additional
Classes of employees in the SEC will be used to evaluate the petition and report findings to the Advisory
Board on Radiation and Worker Health and HHS.

Records containing identifiable information become part of an existing NIOSH system of records under the
Privacy Act, 09-20-147 “Occupational Health Epidemiological Studies and EEOQICPA Program Records.
HHS/CDC/NIOSH.” These records are treated in a confidential manner, unless otherwise compelled by faw.
Disclosures that NIOSH may need to make for the processing of your petition or other purposes are listed
below.

NIOSH may need to disclose personal identifying information to: (a) the Department of Energy, other federal
agencies, other government or Private entities and to private sector employers to permit these entities to
retrieve records required by NIOSH; (b) identified witnesses as designated by NIOSH so that these
Individuals can provide information to assist with the evaluation of SEC petitions; (c) contractors assisting
NIOSH; (d) collaborating researchers, under certain limited circumstances to conduct further investigations;
(e) Federal, state and local agencies for law enforcement purposes; and (f) a Member of Congress or a
Congressional staff member in response to a verified inquiry.

This notice applies to all forms and informational requests that you may receive from NIOSH in connection
with the evaluation of an SEC petition.

Use of the NIOSH petition forms (A and B) is voluntary but your provision of information required by these
forms is mandatory for the consideration of a Petition, as specified under 42 CFR Part 83, Petitions that fail to
provide required information may not be considered by HHS.

Name or Social Security Number of First Petitioner: __
IUIHL P.17


AM sft


K/0 4

ee

NORTON COMPANY woncesren MASSACHUSETTS 01608 - AREA CODE 617 853-1000

CITY OF WORCESTER April 30, 1970
Chief Wiring Inspector

Dear Sir:

Vhis is to certify that has been
employed by Norton Company over nine years and in the Electrical
Department of the Machine Tool Division for eight years. He
has installed Conduits, Fittings, Wiring, and is a wiring
trouble~shooter for the department.

Will this qualify him to take the Electrical Examination
for a Journeymen's License?

Sincerely yours, .

NORTON PRODUCTS: Abrasives . Grinding Wheels . Machine Toole . Refractories . Pulpstones » Non-Slip Floors

BEHR-MANNING DIVISION, TROY. N. ¥.: Coated Abrasives . Sharpening Stones . Pressure-Sensitive Topes * Floor Maintenance Products
NATIONAL RESEARCH CORPORATION . CAMBRIDGE. MASS.; Vacuum Equipment . Tantalum . Reasearch and Development
CLIPPER MANUFACTURING €O., K.G. MO, Masonry ond concrete sawing, drilling and grinding equlement for construction and Industry


13 533 6826 P.@9
APR-23-2018 16:14 NIOSH OCAS 513

Spacial Exposure Cohort Patition U.S, Department of Health and Human Services|
under the Energy Employees Occupational AM AS Ld Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
flness Compensation Act National Institute for Oceupationat Safety and Heatth

Instructions for Completing Special £ OMB Number: 0920-0639 Expires: 07/31/2010
Cohort Petition — Form B

PatG
Signature of Person(s) Subinitting this Poti

Dena a -5 a4

ete
Each petitioner should sign and date the petition as i cop cere rey orgie une
Petition,

Summary of Form Requirements
To ensure that you have completed the required sections of the petition, please refer to the table below:

— — —
PartA PartB
— a
Employee
a —
Survivor - x
——__}__}
Authorized x x
Representative (it
applicable)
Labor
Appendix — Petitions; :

| a - re . : " See Eee
If there is an additional petitioner (not @ labor organization), he or she must complete the Appendix —
Petitioner 2 and sign Section G of the original petition. Please refer back to pages 2 — 5 of this instruction
set for more information on completing the appendix.

ren

If there is a third petitioner (not a labor organization), he or she must complete the Appendix — Petitioner 3

and sign Section G of the original petition. Please refer back to pages 2 — 5 of this instruction set for more
information on completing the appendix,

The Continuation Page is provided for you if you need more space to provide additional information. Please
Photocopy as needed, and attach to the petition.
7]



PubMed medline query 8/23/01 10:39 AM
*

PubMed PubMed QUERY Publied

WBS.
Other Formats: | citation ] | MEDLINE j
Links: | Related Articles

Order this document
Health Phys 1983;44 Suppl 1:239-51

Mortality among male workers at a
thorium-processing plant.
Polednak AP, Stehney AF, Lucas HF

The long-term health effects of exposure to thorium are of interest because of the possible
increased use of thorium as an energy source in reactors using 232Th to produce 233U.
Mortality is described in a cohort of 3039 men who were employed between 1940 and 1973
at a company involved in the production of thorium and rare earth chemicals from monazite
sand. Based on deaths ascertained by the Social Security Administration and mortality rates
for U.S. white males, the standardized mortality ratio (SMR) for all causes was 1.05 with
95% confidence limits (95% CL) of 0.96 and 1.15. Much of the excess mortality was
attributable to non-occupational motor vehicle accidents (SMR = 1.64; 95% CL = 1.16 and
2.23), but SMRs were also high for lung cancer (1.44; 95% CL = 0.98 and 2.02),
pancreatic cancer (2.01; 95% CL = 0.92 and 3.82), and diseases of the respiratory system
(1.31; 95% CL = 0.92 and 1.83). In a subgroup of 592 men who worked for at least one
year in selected jobs (indicative of highest exposure to thorium and thoron) that was
followed up more intensively, the SMR for pancreatic cancer was significantly elevated
(i.e. 4.13; 95% confidence limits = 1.34 and 9.63). The SMR for lung cancer was 1.68
(95% CL = 0.81 and 3.09), while that for respiratory diseases was 1.20 (95% CL = 0.52
and 2.37). Information on smoking habits in a sample of survivors suggested that smoking
could have explained at least part of the excess mortality from lung and pancreatic cancer
and from diseases of the respiratory system. Continued follow-up of the cohort through
morbidity and mortality studies is needed to evaluate further the possible long-term effects
of exposure to radioactivity and chemicals in the thorium extraction process.

PMID: 6305876, UI: 83237598

the above report in [Macintosh] + format

documents on this page through Loansome Doc
mana

Ex, %

v.nebi.nlm nih gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query_ofd?uid=6305876&lorm=6&db=m&Dopt=b Page 1 of 1


ne. ti aoe
h led From Previous Page

be aking special high purity re-
‘ factory products used in the pro-
“gessing of atomic fuel,” Gauthier
wrote. o. .
FEW DETAILS |
“Company. officials. “said two
manths aga that they were not cer-

hts ;
“Were invalved,in generating an es-
‘plated 20 tons of material contam-
inated with up fo 25 pounds of ura-

ium an¢ thorium, that the
‘Telegre gazette learned had
been buried on a’site. Now covered

Mo ntain Street exit ramps

zoince then; company spokesman
Byancis Doherty, confirmed infor-
Jon fram a-state health official
: ating the buried wastes that
the company did manufacture ‘ura-
tiga fel pelle : or ee
reactors’ prior to 1962 in Green-
dale. But Doherty could provide
few details about, the pagration, 5
As part of their invgstigation into
the buried waste, NuclearRegula-
tory Commission officials have re-
sWleved old Atomic Energy Commis-
Slon-nuclear matetials/li :
, from: warehouses, y

h at files would’ shi
materials were used by Ni
whether tHe AEC condu ,
sure inspections or filed closure re-
ports on the operation when the-li-
censes were terminated; and per-

hapsi most importantly what' types:
off wastes might have-been dis- -

posed. of on-the company- property,
“NOTHING ABOUT DISPOSALY
i ian, Said ‘recently, howev-

er; that'the license files have pro-
» vided only “sketchy” and, incom-
* plete-information about t} ateri-

~ als dicenses held by Norton.Co, and '

& nature of its operations.

"The old AEC license files, Kinne-
man said, show “tiothing’about d!

wu

What manufacturing processes *

NOt

posal” of wastes from the opera-
tions, do not describe the nuclear
pellet manufacturing plant, and do
not mention the one known burial
site on property formerly owned by
Norton Co., and-taken in 1975 by
the state Department of Public
Works for the highway. : -

The records,‘ Kinneman said,
“Do not preclude that there wasn't
another ». burial” of radioactive
wastes on the property,

FILES APPEAR INCOMPLETE

The files contain some letters
about various licenses held by the
company, but Kinneman said the
files appear incomplete. “There
were destruction ‘schedules on
some records,” Kinneman’ said.
“They may have been. niis-cata
loged, or destroyed,” ;- —,

NRC officials have said burial of
radioactive wastes by licensed ma:
terial users was allowed under fed-
cral law until 1981, and required
no special permits, markings, pub-
lie monitoring or, public recording
of such burials,” yy

Also Kinneman said, the AEC li-
cense records indicate that there
Probably ‘was’ riever ary "govern:

. ment inspection of the Norton.
Plant and property when it; was :
losed-down in the early.1960s: that

i

hay

‘properly “ decontami: :
identified how or where radiodv:
tive wastes ‘might have been dis:
Posed, *'.) - no
DECONTAMINATION EFFORTS

A city Health Department inven-
tory of the materials buried in 1962
at the landfill, now under the high-
way, indicate decontamination ef
forts were undertaken to some de-
gree, . .

Robert T, Watkins, radiation spe-
clalist for the state Department of
Public Health, said among the con-
taminated equipment and materi-
als disposed of in the landfill were
industrial oven liners, Nooring and
‘, equipment that had been contami-

- water,

xpec__. 2. wu.u.car dum

nated with uranium.

A surface scan of the highway
ramp area, believed to be 60 feet
above where the radioactive mate-
rials are buried, showed no surface
leye]s of radiation, Watkins said,
and city officials have determined
there are no nearby drinking water
wells, wey
WASTES LONG-LIVED © >

Kinneman has notified city offi-
cials that so far, NRC officials have
determined “there is:no need for
immediate action regarding this
material” buried ‘under the high-
way, even though uranium and tho-
rium wastes remain radioactive for
billions of years;

‘Kinneman said he doesn't expect
at this point that the NRC will re-
quire any remedial.action:concern-
ing the buried waste, He, said the
new highway use,'for the land en-
sures the property will remain
stable and padistarbe

time, and theswastes. a

lieved to. be;

So far, Kinneman said, “We
haven't done an extensive investi,
gation". into the’ s He But he sajd.it ,

er. further stud- :

- the*) may ;
have involved classified secrets, t H
was not unusual for little to be
known about such atomic opera- :
tions in. the :egmynunities: where
they were located’during the 1950s.

/During.that era,:Kinneman said,
companies ; doing. certain work *
under Atomic Energy Commission
licenses _and Slassified contracts
were required to put in place se-
curity plans at each plant, as a con-

dition of the, contract,

Ht agte
ight. not have
been truly classified,” Kinneman
said of the Norton, operations, “But,
it might have beeh. a situation of
‘Don't talk about it?” a



Swoural cxposure Lonort Petition M D SH U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
under the Energy Fanbeoyees Occupational é in Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

iiiness Compensation National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
Instructions for Completing Special OMB Number: 0920-0639 Expires: 07/31/2010
Cohort Petition -— Form B Page 1 oF 10
‘Use of Form B'and’ rm B or disclose this
. y be entitled.

Introduction

The Energy Employees Occupational Iliness Compensation Program Act (the Act) authorizes the U.S.

employees, their survivors, or individuals or organizations authorized in writing to represent them, can submit
a petition and how the outcome of the Petition will be decided. The Procedures, titled: “Procedures for
Designating Classes of Employees as Members of the Special Exposure Cohort” (federat regulations at 42
CFR Part 83), are available from HHS at the address Provided below.

SEC Petition

Office of Compensation Analysis and Support
NIOSH

4676 Columbia Parkway, MS-C-47
Cincinnati, OH 45226

Use this form unless NIOSH has reported to you in writing that it cannot complete the dose reconstruction
needed for your cancer claim, if so, use Special Exposure Cohort Petition — Form A, You do not have to
use either form to submit a petition. The forms are intended to assist petitioners in Providing the complete
information required by HHS as efficiently as possible.

Hardcopy Submissions: Submit completed forms to the following address:

SEC Petition

Office of Compensation Analysis and Support
NIOSH

4676 Columbia Parkway, MS-C-47
Cincinnati, OH 45226

For Further information: If you have questions about these instructions, please call the following NIOSH
toll-free phone number and request to speak to someone in toll-free phone number and request to
Support about an SEC petition: 1-800-356-4674.

05-17-10P02:56 RCVD



‘Thorium | Radiation Protection | US EPA Page | of 5

N05

um html

anyiciihe s/t

an Last undated » fay, Pebrcary 29, 2009
Radiation Protection
Yuu are here EPA Home Radiation Protection References Reference Information
Radionuclides = fhonum
Lbrarians ters GorentPuphe Technical Users
Fe RAMS REFERENCES
Thorium
Reference Information
Thorium (chemical symbol Th) is a naturally-occurring + People and Discoveries
radioactive metal found at very low levels in soil, rocks, and > Commonly Encountered
water. It has several different isotopes, both natural and man- Radionuclides
made, all of which are radioactive. The most common form of * Americium-241
thorium is thorium-232, found naturally. Cesium: 137
' y Cobalt-60
lodine-129 &-131
On this page: Plutonium
Radium
Radon

The Basics Strontium-90

Technetium-99

* Who discovered thorium? Tritium
* Where does thorium come from? Thorium
* What are the properties of thorium? Uranium
» What is thorium used for? * Glossary
«ACE Subject Ind
1 ° ~ subject Index
Exposure to Thorium >» Site Map

* How does thorium get into the environment?
* How does thorium change in the environment?

* How are peopte exposed to thorium?

* How does thorium get into the body?

* What does thorium do once it gets into the body?

Health Effects of Thorium

* How can thorium affect people's health?
* Is there a medical test to determine exposure to thorium?

Protecting People From Thorium

* How do I know if I'm near thorium?
* What can I do to protect myself and my family from thorium?
» What is EPA doing about thorium?

The Basics

Who discovered thorium?

Bite i ee eee buahOfeadionielitvertharivina bot OVt7I01N


ARC KNOWN CARCINOGENS: THORIUM DIOXIDE Page 2 of 2

vs N05 4

stockpiled, as it is estimated that U.S. consumption of thot prvuuess so et entirely from imports and
existing industry and government stocks. Imports of thorium dioxide-equivalents were 30,800 Ib in
1988, 68,200 Ib in 1987, 44,000 Ib in 1986, and 151,800 Ib in 1985 (USDOL, 1990). Imports in 1980
were reported to be 48,000 Ib (USDOI, 1985). The 1979 TSCA Inventory identified three domestic
producers with a total production of 555,500 Ib and two firms importing a total of 6,000 Ib in 1977
(TSCA, 1979). Demand is expected to decline as nonradioactive substitutes are developed (USDOL,
1987).

EXPOSURE

The primary routes of potential human exposure to thorium dioxide are inhalation, intravenous injection,
ingestion, and dermal contact. Occupations at greatest risk of potential exposure are ceramic makers,
incandescent lamp makers, magnesium alloy makers, metal refiners, nuclear reactor workers, chemists,
and vacuum tube makers, Potential exposure may also occur during the formulation, packaging,
preparation, or administration of the compound as a pharmaceutical. OSHA estimated that 128,500
workers were potentially exposed to the compound during its production and use. Approximately 50,000
patients worldwide were exposed to thorium dioxide when it was administered by injection for x-ray
imaging purposes from 1930 to 1964 (Wegener, 1979). The injection dosages ranged from 2 to 70 ml of
Thorotrast solution, depending on the area to be x-rayed (Saragoca et al., 1972). The Toxic Chemical
Release Inventory (EPA) listed two industrial facilities that produced, processed, or otherwise used
thorium dioxide in 1988 (TRI, 1990). In compliance with the Community-Right-to-Know Program, the
facilities reported releases of thorium dioxide to the environment which were estimated to total 1,330 Ib.

REGULATIONS

EPA regulates thorium dioxide under the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act (SARA),
identifying it as a toxic chemical and subjecting it to reporting requirements. Under the Food, Drug, and
Cosmetic Act (FD&CA), FDA has approved thorium dioxide for use as a radiopaque medium for x-ray
imaging where there is limited life expectancy. In March of 1980, the Nuclear Regulatory Commission
withdrew authorizations for use and transfer of thorium dioxide for internal or external medicinal use in
humans. Authorizations were issued, however, for research, development, educational, commercial, or
operational purposes under conditions specified by the Commission; but the use and transfer of the
material for these purposes may not exceed 15 Ib at any one time or a total of 150 Ib in any one calendar
year. OSHA regulates thorium dioxide under the Hazard Communication Standard and as a chemical
hazard in laboratories.

http://ntp-server.niehs.nih.gov/htdocs/ARC/ARC_KC/Thorium_Dioxide.html 8/21/2002




513 533 6826 P.26

APR-23-2019 16114 NIOSH OCAS

Special Exposure Cohort Petition U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
under the Energy Employees Occupationa} AV fi A, Sy YW Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Mines Compensation Act National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

« >

instructions for Completing Special Ex ~ MB Number; 0920-0639 Expires: 07/31/2010
Cohort Patitlon — Form B Page 6 of 10
Parte: ° ‘ .

_] Proposed Definition of Employes | ja
pre — rn

The information provided in this section will assist HHS in evaluating the petition. Petitioners should note that
it is possible that, as HHS conducts its evaluation of a class, it may revise the definition proposed by the
petitioner, making the class more expansive or more specific, and possibly combining the classes of several
Petitions or dividing the class of a single petition into two or more classes. Ultimately, HHS must define
classes consistent with the criteria for determining whether or not the class should be added to the Cohort.

1 — Name of DOE or AWE Facility: Enter the name of the DOE or AWE farility whara tha alnas a2
employees covered by this petition was employed.

Pétition’

NOTE: Although individual employees may have w . ee eee
petition must be specific to a class of employees at a single facility, as specified by the Act. It is acceptable to
file petitions for more than one facility; however, you must file a separate petition for each facility.

2 — Loca’ at the Facility relevant to this petition: Name or describe the location(s) at the facility
relevant to this petition; the locations where members of the class were exposed to radiation. If the location
does not have a name, such as a building number or floor or room of a building, describe the location by its
more specific characteristics, such as the operation or process conducted there, or the equipment, fixtures,

or facilities in that location. Be as specific as possible, NORTOU a Atl Buieo [nr CS

E.3— List job titles for fob duties of employees inciu in the class: List the job titles and/or job
duties that characterize employees who you believe belong in the class, to the extent necessary to define the
class.

Examples:

+ If you can define the class by job duties alone, and you believe that anyone with such job duties should
be included in the class, listing the job duties would be sufficient.

+ If you believe all employees in a location during a period of time should be included in the class,
regardless of job title or job duty, enter an “all” here instead of specifying job titles or job duties. CL

¢ However, if you believe that only persons with certain job duties involved in certain operations or

Processes should be included in the class, you must specify this, </{ POYEES [760-l G7A

The point is to define the class carefully and specifically, so that it includes all employees for whom you
believe radiation doses cannot be estimated and whose health could have been endangered, and only such
employees. To be certain your definition covers all employees that you intend to include, you may Choose to
list by name individuals who should be included in the class and who have not already been identified among
the petitioners you have listed in this form,

E.4 — Employment felevant to this petition: Enter the approximate or precise dates of the period of
emptoyment that applies to the petition. For example, the potential exposures to radiation may have occurred
during @ periad of a certain operation, during a period when certain radiation protection policies were in
place, during a period when radiation monitoring was omitted, orfduring a period for which exposure and

Seema fl 147 eesipute edie WATAY

ElrvsvkeE MON (Tori
MECOKDS Los7-



513 533 6826 P.i2

APR-23-2019 16:15 NIGSH OCAS
Special Exposure Cohort Petition U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
under the Energy Employees Ocoupationat A / 0 S Uf Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
iliness Conipensation Act National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

OMB Number: 0920-0639 Expires: 07/31/2010
Page 2 of 7

a Survivor or representin

= aw) [IY EASW/ d [CEL ~
irst Name Men

B.2  sucru security Number of Survivor: _ —
B30 Adte--- -©*.-—-+

Streer ° P.O. Box

ny State wee
B.4 Telephone Number of Survivor:
B.5 Email Address of Survivor: oe
B6 Relationship to Employee: O- Shouse Q Son/Daughter Q Parent

Q Grandparent Q Grandchild

a

aren crear "

Employee Information — Complete Section C UNLESS you are a labor organization,

Name of Emploves:

. reais inet Last Name
C.2 Former Name of Employee (e.g., maiden name/legal name change/other):

Mr/Mrs./Ms. First Name Mi"
C3 Social Security Number of Employee; ___ —
C.4 Address of Employee (if living): De C LACS E Oo

Strest Apt #

City State Zip Code

C.5 Telephone Number of Employee: «iy
C8 Email Addresa of Employee:
C.7 Employment Information Related to Petiti

C7a Employee Number (if known): =e

€.7b Dates of Employment: Start L Ga g End / / 7 zz
C.7¢ Employer Name: NV ORT SO, Lf 7)

.7d Work Site Location: LMew Bao sf"

W02@tesTer MA
C.7e SupervisorsName: _ |

ummeememierenmanrernce

Name or Social Security Number of First Petitioner:


Continued From Page One
Also, state and city exivironment
and health officials have said there "
vate drinking wells in the
{ no’ public “wafer supply ”
nearby that could be affect-

% ao
Norton récords also show.
that quantities of other industrial
hazardous wastes, including a vari-
ety of solyents, toluene, ‘creosote
and;tri-chloroethylene, were also
disposed of at the site, which was
-as;an industrial landfill for
manyiyears before the highway
began in the mid-1970s.

SITE NEVER TESTED

orton’ Co. officials.said they re-
ported: ithe site .as a -hazardous
W disposal location to state and
éral'iofficials in 1983, but that-

; the site has never

“State'*Department of Environ:
niental #Protection spokesman

iles Brown yesterday. said the
state has never’ investigated ‘the
disposal area as a hazardous waste

lismissed concérn about-
sal site, saying, DEP
to take no action, arid, “It 4
‘pose any threat to publi i a7 : i »
4 é environment.” vAt ial photograph shows Interstate 190 under constructl nin’

‘own guid he did not know why, the. Uppel left part of the picture. The area in the circle’ Is wher
+e) a -the ny Nortons@:-radioactive waste Is buried, The road at right Is: W

Department of Public Boylstdit Street. -
never ‘been investigated as a haz-: : oh

arflous: waste disposal site. Even WERE i “
thoug! jorton Co. offcials said landfill was later expanded to a the letter, O'Leary notified the firm

they reported the disposal of haz- larger size’and'used for'disposal of that the radioactive wastes were
jous:wastes there to state and non-radioactive hazardous wastes. _ buried on the site planned for high

federal Razardous waste officialsin geoff Pickard, spokesman for the “®¥ construction...

1983, Brown said it is not on the state DPW, said state highway offi- In reviewi rs
faites te ’ 4 in e plans, O’Le;
‘ist ,of known hazardous  cials did not know about the radio- wrote, et esnsideration wes that
active wastes and could find no the physical properties of the con-
The record of the waste site in records. “tainers eer be known with any
eSsof radioactive material were last week. In the last two days, how-. “certainty nother was the problem
buried’ during a three-day opera- ever, Pickard said department offi-‘agsociatediWith removal of the ma-
cialg- have ,found records of the terial, only, to having to dispose of
waste site in state archives and are. it Somewhere else.” ;
reviewing them to detenmnite how oa ‘
the waste site was dealt with when “The Department's opinion is.
the road was built. - ~» that the radioactive material .re-

bein; , “
Houndgries of the disposal site with . , & fain undisturbed,” O'L rot
ae On file with the city is a March ~ main undistur ed, eary wrote
cdnoketé markers, . 25, "1975, Jetter i cornelius J, _ inthe letter, He also recommended
theri director of the state that any excavation near the waste

oF publie Health: Buty material “should be done in am
=" ner that will ensure that

show the *s46°C.B, Maguire and Assoclates active waste’ maferial be Conf
algut20 feet by 20,feet, He said the firm that designed the roadway.In’ “to ils present location.”

fe disposal sites.

paras

I, .
Cityirecords show 1,510 piec-

ined


513 533 6826 P.84

APR-23-2010 16:13 NIOSH OCAS
Special Exposure Cohort Petition 5 U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
under tha Energy Employees Occupational MO S4- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Illness Compensation Act National institute for Occupational Safety and Health
Instructions for Completing Special E Number. 0920-0639 Expires: 07/31/2010

Cohort Petition — Form B Page 4 of 10

a Survivor: Also complete this

Energy. Employ var. F
ized by an employee or survivor

ehtity (other than a labor organization) authork
to petition on behalf of a class ofamployees, * oe . on “

a ree

aa a .
This section is to be completed by petitioners who are employees of DOE/AWE facilities or their survivors, or
by petitioners authorized by employees or their survivors. This section does not have to be completed by
labor organizations submitting a petition (labor organizations should complete Part D),

Please complete ail the entries in this section, as applicable, The form allows for as many as three
petitioners to provide this complete information if they so desire, but this is not necessary. We only require
that a single petitioner provide complete information for this section.

.1 — Name of Employee: Enter the full legal name of the energy employ

— Former Name of Em e@: If the employee had a different name at the time of employment at the
DOE or Atomic Weapons Employer facility (for example, a maiden name), enter that name. MA

C.3 — Social Securit imber: (Optional) Providing a Social Security Number is voluntary. Failure to
disclose this number will not result in the denial of any right, benefit, or privilege to which you may be
entitied. Personal information, like your social security number, will be protected under the Privacy Act.

Enter the Social Security Number of the energy employee. If you are <
Sure you have permission to enter the employee’s Social Security Nur

C.4— Address: Enter the current mailing address of the energy empl

If you are authorized to petition by an employee or a survivor under Pa
complete this entry.

¢.5 — Telephone Number: Enter the telephone number at which the employee can be reached from 8:00
am to 6:30 pm Eastern Standard Time on weekdays. Please specify more limited hours of availability, if
necessary.

If you are authorized to petition by an employee or a survivor under Patt A of this form, you do not need to
complete this entry.

¢.6 — Email Address: (Optional) Enter the employee's email address at work or home.

if you are authorized to petition by an employee or a survivor under Part A of this form, you do not need to
complete this entry.

— a —— — _ _ —



‘Thorium | Radiation Protection | US EPA Page 4 of 5

| NSH
How can thorium affect people's health?

The principal concern from low to moderate level exposu ncreased
risk of cancer. Studies have shown that inhaling thorium risk of
developing lung cancer, and cancer of the pancreas. Bone cancer risk is also increased

because thorium may be stored in bone.

1g there a medical test to determine exposure to thorium?

There are special tests that measure the level of thorium in the urine, feces, and also via
exhaled air that can determine if a person has been exposed to thorium. These tests are
useful only if taken within a week after exposure. You need special equipment to detect
thorium not available in doctors offices or most hospitals. Some federal facilities and
specialized laboratories have this capability.

Protecting People from Thorium

How do I know thorium if I'm near thorium?

You need special equipment to detect thorium, and special training. Health physicists and
radiation safety officers are trained to measure thorium.

What can I do to protect myself and my family from thorium?

Most people are not exposed to dangerous levels of thorium. However, people who live near
thorium mining areas, or near certain government or industrial facilities may have increased
exposure to thorium, especially if their water is from a private well. Analytical laboratories
can test water for thorium content. Occasionally, household items may be found with thorium
in them, such as some older ceramic wares in which uranium was used in the glaze, or gas
lantern mantles. These generally do not pose serious health risks, but may nevertheless be
retired from use as a prudent avoidance measure. A radiation counter is required to confirm

if ceramics contain thorium.

What is EPA doing about thorium?

EPA protects people and the environment from thorium by establishing standards for the
clean-up of contaminated sites, and by setting limits on the amount of thorium (and other
radionuclides) that may be released to the air from specific sources, or found in public
drinking water.

The standards for the clean-up of existing contaminated sites generally fall under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act, commonly called

heto:/ ww w.cpa.gowrpdweb00,radionuctides/thorium, han! 03/17/2010


513 533 6826 P.a?

APR-23-2010 16:14 NIOSH OCAS
¥pecial Exposure Cohort Petition U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
under the Energy Employees Occupational AL OS} A Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Uiness Compensation Act aa National institute for Occupational ‘Safety and Health
Instructions for Completing Speci: OMB Number: 0920-0639 Expires: 07/31/2010
|Cohort Patition — Form B . —_ _ Page 7 of 10

unmonitored, unrecorded, or inadequately moni
re incidents?: If the petition is based on one or ‘mare radiation exposure incidents for
which exposures were unmonitored (unplanned events that resulted in radiation exposures, versus routine
Operations which may also result in radiation exposures), provide the date when the incident(s) began and

ended and describe the incident(s) In as much detail as possible. ES (WO AGLDY DL x08
CLIO SVEeC To THORIVM RY St. ¥ (te 7 Bele
For example, you might describe the source of the radiation exposure or emission, its cause, the response to

the incident, and the potential number of employees involved. You should report everything you know about
the incident. NIOSH will use this information to identify the event and obtain additional information from the
Department of Energy and other sources, If NIOSH finds it cannot confirm the occurrence of the event
through information from the Department of Energy or any other sources, it will require that you obtain and
Provide medical evidence relating to the incident and/or one or more affidavits providing information about
the incident, as provided under section 83, 9(¢)(3) of the Special Exposure Cohort Rule (42 CFR Part 83).

Part F

Basis for Proposing that Records and Informa’
Reconstructions , . ‘

Complete at least one of the entries under this Part. You are not required to Complete more than one entry,
although you should complete more than one entry when such additional information is available to you, This
additional information may assist HHS in evaluating your petition.

F.4: Complete this entry if you are petitioning on the basis that certain radiation exposures and doses to the
Class were not monitored. By completing this entry, you do not need to establish (through documentation or
affidavit) that there was no monitoring whatsoever, of any radiation exposures and doses incurred by the

the class were not monitored, or that during certain periods of time, certain operational procedures, or certain
exposure incidents, the exposures and doses incurred by the class were not monitored.

For example, if the employees in the class were instructed to remove their radiation dosimetry badges for
Certain operations invalving radiation exposures, this might qualify as unmonitored exposures, despite the
fact that the employees might have routinely wom their radiation dosimetry badges during most operations.
Similarly, if there was a period of time during an operation when there was no monitoring of internal doses,
this might qualify as unmonitored exposures,

on —a———



513 533 6826 P.@3

APR-23-2018 16:13 NIOSH OCAS
Speclal Exposure Cohort Petition M1 Lh U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
under the Energy Employees Occupational M1 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
iliness Compensation Act National Institute for Oecupational Safety and Heaith
Instructions for Completing Special § OMB Number: 0920-0639 Expires: 07/31/2010
Cohort Petition — Form B Page 3 of 10

‘Part B pe

Patitioner Information: Complete Part B if you are.’ Survivor af 4 former Energy Employee. Also complete
this Part.if you are an individual or entity (other than a labor organization) authorized by an employee or
survivor to patition on behalf of a class of employees, ,

B.1 — Name of Survivor; Enter the full legal name of the survivo
B.2 — Social Security Number: (Optional) Providing a Social Security Number is voluntary. Failure to

disclose this number will not result in the denial of any right, benefit, or privilege to which you may be
entitled, Personal information, like your social security number, will be protected under the Privacy Act,

Enter the Social Security Number of the survivor. If you are ar
have permission to enter the survivor's Social Security Numbe

8.3 — Address: Enter the survivor's current mailing address.

if you are authorized to petition by an employee or a survivor u
complete this entry.

B4—Telephone Number: Enter the telephone number at which the survivor can be reached from 8:00 am
to 5:30 pm Epctorn Standard Than ao ce att me -

necessary.

If you are aut
complete this entry.

8.5 — Email Address: (Optional) Enter the survivor's email address at-work or home. Ny i/

if you are authorized to patition by an employee or a survivor under Part A of this form, you/do not need to
complete this entry.

B.6 — Relationship to Employee: Check the relationship of the survivor to the energy employee. W i fe

Ty mr mewywe en a eurvivy! UNUET Fall UI UTS TOM, YOU dO Not need to

rersaene



Niursk

Worcester Par Catt.
Nov-1 9 1990
i i Public Libra,

WHLETER TeLepenpn 1 bAZ
Norton buried 18-20 tons
0 waste under 1-190 ram

5)

Py be ‘ gt aA .
By John J. Monahan ‘Halg: present is 15. pou
Staff Reporter: "7 pounds ofuranium.”.... im

RPO ea EINE,
- City officials yesterday’ found a‘detailed invento- OWNED BY NORTON

ry of radioactive wastes buried by the-Norton Co:: The property! was owned-at the time
03,

in 1962'on‘property that was; later used for con: ~ Co; and was taken in
struction of the: West Mountain Street exit ramp highway constructi
fe ;

3 $

rstate 190 in Worcester.

Ni Co. records on file’ with the city Depart: -
_thent of Publie Health show about 18 to 20 tons of
! matetial that contained or had come into: contact
| with'radioactive thorium and uranium were buried Nonetheless, NRC officials
30 feet below grade during a three-day operation at duct a‘review of the disposal'site
: Ma _ and. whether.

: > radioactivity of the, waste,

Fiventoty notes that of the 18'to 20 tons ot Pose 8 Unrest to Boll ay
fals, “the'actual amount of radioactive mate-



513 533 6826 P.62

APR-23-2016 16:13 NIOSH OCAS

Specla] Exposure Gohort Petition U.S, Department of Health and Human Services
Under the Energy Employees Occupational 4 COS; HH Centers for Disease Contra! and Prevention
liiness Compensation Act National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

instructions for Completing Special Ex ~...3 Number: 0920-0639 Expires: 07/31/2010
Cohort Petition — Form B Page 2 of 10

2 they, as a
ofa
alf of the

Instructions

Please read each of parts A —- G in the form and complete only those parts appropriate to you, according to
these instructions. A checklist has been provided on the last Page of these instructions to help ensure that
you have properly completed all of the sections applicable to you. Except for signatures, please PRINT all
information clearly and neatly on the form, ,

is m n. i then each petitioner should complete those sections of Parts A -C of the
form that apply to them. Additional copies of the first two Pages of this form are provided at the end of the
form for this purpose. A maximum of three petitioners is allowed, but only one petitioner is required. Limiting
the number of petitioners to three for each Petition does not limit the number of members of the class

Covered by a petition, but will enable HHS to consider and decide petitions more efficiently.

{f you re § Vit tional information, use the continuation page provided at the end of
the form and attach the continuation page(s) to Form B. 1

beara rt

PartA

Petitioner Information: Complete Part A if you are an individual or entity authorized by an employee or a
Survivor to petition on behalf of a class of am 8 provided for under 42 CFR Part 83.7(¢).

— -_ a nother than a labor union): Wied cC oon}
Aj — Are youa contact person for an organ zation (other than a Jabor union): If you are a contact
Person for an organization, other than a labor organization, check Yes and go to A.2; if you are nota contact

A2— iz if lon: If you are a contact person for a legally constituted organization, a firm, or
another type of entity, enter the name of the organization and your position as the person who will serve as
the principal contact with HHS for this petition. If you are NOT a contact person, leave this entry blank.

3 — Name of Patiti entative; Enter your full legal rome (anatias s- 1 oa
an authorized representative of an energy employee or survivor)

A4— Address: Enter your current mailing address

s Ea a nt ber Enter the telephone DUMiwser ant WING. grew ears mess IeauISY NUM GUL AM tA Aan £
pm Eastern Standard Tima ne eet ee
necessary. \ , L

AS — Email Address: (Optional) Enter your email address at work or home. Af

‘A.7 —- Authorization: Check the box and attach the written authorization, as indicated, A separate
authorization form, “Petitioner Authorization Form”, is available for this purpose.

It you are rapresénting.a survivor, ga: go to Part ¢.



513 533 6826 P.16

APR-23-2010 16:15 NIOSH OCAS
Special Exposure Cohort Petition U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
under the Energy Employees Occupational Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
lliness Compensation Act Me. SY ya Natlonal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

« Number; 0920-0839 Expires: 07/31/2010
Spacial Exposure Cohort Petition — Form E Page 6 of 7

F.3. Q WWehave attached a report from a health physicist or other individual with expertise in
radiation dose reconstruction documenting the limitations of existing DOE or AWE records on
radiation exposures at the facility, as relevant to the petition. The report specifies the basis for
believing these documented limitations might prevent the completion of dose reconstructions for
members of the class under 42 CFR Part 82 and related NIOSH technical implementation
guidelines,

(Attach report to the back of the petition form.)

F.4 1 I/We have attached a scientific or technical feport, issued by a government agency of the
Executive Branch of Government or the General Accounting Office, the Nuclear Regulatory
Commission, or the Defense Nuclear Facilities Safety Board, or published in a peer-reviewed
journal, that identifies dosimetry and related information that are unavailable (due to either a lack
of monitoring or the destruction or loss of records) for estimating the radiation doses of
employees covered by the petition.

(Attach report to the back of the petition form.)

te i Ww

Signature of Person(s) Submitting this Petition -~ Complete Section G
"three persong may sign the petition.

All Petitioners ehautd cinn and Ande ae. ona

S6f//O
Date
Signature Date
Signature Date
Notice: Any person who knowingly makes any false statement, misrepresentation, concealment of

fact or any other act of fraud to obtain compensation as provided under EEOICPA or who
knowingly accepts compensation to which that person is not entitled is subject to civil or
administrative remedies as well as felony criminal prosecution and may, under appropriate
criminal provisions, be punished by a fine or imprisonment or both, | affirm that the information
provided on this form is accurate and true.

Send this form to: SEC Petition
Office of Compensation Analysis and Support
NIOSH

4876 Columbia Parkway, MS-C-47
Cincinnati, OH 45226

my 5

idiflorial petitioners.

Name or Social Seourity Number of First Petitioner;


Thorium | Radiation Protection | US EPA Page 2 of 5

an AN b5 ff

Thorium was discovered in 1828 by the Swedish chemist Jc _...... ___ elius. After
determining that it was a new element, Berzelius named his discovery after the Norse god of
thunder and weather, Thor. Thorium was discovered to be radioactive independently in 1898

by Gerhard Carl Schmidt and by Marie Curie.

Where does thorium come from?

Almost all thorium is natural, but, thorium isotopes can be artificially produced, Thorium
occurs at very low levels in virtually all rock, soil, and water, and therefore is found in plants
and animals as well. Minerals such as monazite, thorite and thorianite are rich in thorium and
may be mined for the metal. Generally, artificial isotopes come from decay of other man-
made radionuclides, or absorption in nuclear reactions.

What are the properties of thorium?

Thorium is a soft, silvery white metal. Pure thorium will remain shiny for months in air, but if
it contains impurities it tarnishes to black when exposed to air. When heated, thorium oxide
glows bright white, a property that makes it useful in lantern mantles, It dissolves slowly in
water. Thorium-232 has a half-life of 14 billion (14x109) years, and decays by alpha
emission, with accompanying gamma radiation. Thorium-232 is the top of a long decay series
that contains key radionuclides such as radium-228, its direct decay product, and radon-220.
Two other isotopes of thorium, which can be significant in the environment, are thorium-230
and thorium-228. Both belong to other decay series. They also decay by alpha emission, with
accompanying gamma radiation, and have half-lives of 75,400 years and 1.9 years,

respectively.

What is thorium used for?

Thorium has coloring properties that has made it useful in ceramic glazes. But, it has been
most widely used in lantern mantles for the brightness it imparts (though alternatives are
replacing it), and in welding rods, which burn better with small amounts of added thorium.
Thorium improves the properties of ophthalmic lenses, and is an alloying agent in certain
metals used in the aerospace industry. More than 30 years ago, thorium oxides were used in
hospitals to make certain kinds of diagnostic X-ray photographs. But, this practice has been

discontinued,

Exposure to Thorium

How does thorium get into the environment?

Natural thorium is present in very small quantities in virtually all rock, soil, water, plants and
animals. Where high concentrations occur in rock, thorium may be mined and refined,



Thorium | Radiation Protection | US EPA Page 5 of 5

Doe N(oSH

Superfund. Clean ups must meet all requirements that are >plicable, such as
state regulations and regulations issued in connection With vice covieunmental laws. When
these types of regulations are not applicable, or not protective enough, EPA sets site-specific
cleanup levels that limit the chance of developing cancer due to exposure to a site-related
carcinogen (such as thorium) to between one in 10,000 and one in 1,000,000.

EPA issued special regulations for cleaning up uranium and thorium mill tailing sites under
the “Uranium Mill Tailings Radiation Control Act" (federal regulations are found in 40CFR192,
"Health and Environmental Protection Standards for Uranium and Thorium Mill Tailings").
These mills are found mostly in the western states of Colorado, Utah, Arizona and New

Mexico.

* Superfund: EPA Radiation Guidances and Reports
This site provides information on radionuclides at Superfund sites.
* EPA's Superfund Hotline: 1-800-424-9346 or 1-800-535-0202
+ Clean Air Act
EPA uses this authority to set limits on the emissions of hazardous air pollutants from
specific sources. Hazardous air pollutants include both chemicals and radionuclides
that are known or suspected to cause serious health problems. While no air emissions
standards list thorium specifically, radionuclides are timited as a group.
* RadNESHAPS
This site provides information on EPA's National Emission Standards for
Hazardous Air Pollutants: Radionuclides.
* Radionuclides in Drinking Water
This site provides information about radionuclides in drinking water and guidance to
help states and water systems comply with the standard. EPA uses its Safe Drinking
Water Act authority to establish maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) for beta
emitters such as thorium in public drinking water. For example the MCL for beta
emitters is 4 millirem per year or 8 picoCuries per liter of water,

Undarstanding Radiation in Your Lite, Your World

Newsroom - Programs : Topics - References