ORAU TEAM

Dose Reconstruction

Project for NIOSH

Oak Ridge Associated Universities I Dade Moeller I MJW Technical Services

Page 1 of 111

DOE Review Release 07/26/2012

Document Title:

A Comparison of Exotic Trivalent 

Radionuclide Coworker Models at the 

Savannah River Site

Document Number: ORAUT-RPRT-0055

Revision: 00

Effective Date: 07/20/2012

Type of Document: Report

Supersedes: None

Subject Expert(s): Matthew Arno, James M. Mahathy, Janice P. Watkins, and Nancy Chalmers

Approval: Signature on File Approval Date: 07/18/2012

Matthew Arno, Document Owner

Concurrence: Signature on File Concurrence Date: 07/19/2012

John M. Byrne, Objective 1 Manager

Concurrence: Signature on File Concurrence Date: 07/19/2012

Edward F. Maher, Objective 3 Manager

Concurrence: Vickie S. Short Signature on File for Concurrence Date: 07/19/2012

Kate Kimpan, Project Director

Approval: Signature on File Approval Date: 07/20/2012

James W. Neton, Associate Director for Science

New Total Rewrite Revision Page Change

FOR DOCUMENTS MARKED AS A TOTAL REWRITE, REVISION, OR PAGE CHANGE, REPLACE THE PRIOR 

REVISION AND DISCARD / DESTROY ALL COPIES OF THE PRIOR REVISION.
Document No. ORAUT-RPRT-0055 Revision No. 00 Effective Date: 07/20/2012 Page 2 of 111

PUBLICATION RECORD

EFFECTIVE 

DATE

REVISION 

NUMBER DESCRIPTION

07/20/2012 00 New report initiated to evaluate Savannah River Site exotic trivalent 

nuclide coworker models. Incorporates formal internal and NIOSH 

review comments. Initiated by Matthew Arno.
Document No. ORAUT-RPRT-0055 Revision No. 00 Effective Date: 07/20/2012 Page 3 of 111

TABLE OF CONTENTS

SECTION TITLE PAGE

Acronyms and Abbreviations ............................................................................................................... 8

1.0 Introduction .............................................................................................................................. 9

2.0 Bioassay Data versus Dose ..................................................................................................... 9

3.0 Methodology .......................................................................................................................... 10

3.1 Exotic trivalent radionuclides Bioassay Data............................................................... 11

3.2 Job Classification Determination................................................................................. 12

3.3 One Person – One Sample Statistic ........................................................................... 13

3.4 Statistical Analysis...................................................................................................... 15

3.5 Strata Comparison...................................................................................................... 15

4.0 Results................................................................................................................................... 15

4.1 Bioassay Fitting .......................................................................................................... 15

4.2 Strata Comparisons.................................................................................................... 16

5.0 Conclusions ........................................................................................................................... 21

References ........................................................................................................................................ 22

ATTACHMENT A, ROS AND EFFECTIVE FIT PLOTS FOR AMWS, CTW, NONCTWS, AND 

NONCTW+UNKS................................................................................................. 24

ATTACHMENT B, PETO-PRENTICE PLOTS FOR CTW:NONCTW AND CTW:NONCTW+UNK 

COMPARISONS.................................................................................................. 93

LIST OF TABLES

TABLE TITLE PAGE

3-1 Number of total bioassay and OPOS results per time period per strata.................................. 14

3-2 Percentage of multiple bioassay results per person per time period....................................... 14

3-3 Population and exotic trivalent radionuclides monitoring ratios............................................... 14

4-1 Strata comparison..................................................................................................................16

4-2 Strata intake rates, 1973 to 1989 ........................................................................................... 20
Document No. ORAUT-RPRT-0055 Revision No. 00 Effective Date: 07/20/2012 Page 4 of 111

LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE TITLE PAGE

4-1 Strata GMs.............................................................................................................................17

4-2 Strata 84th percentiles ........................................................................................................... 18

4-3 Intake modeling for CTW, 1973 to 1989, 50th percentile........................................................ 18

4-4 Intake modeling for nonCTW, 1973 to 1989, 50th percentile .................................................. 19

4-5 Intake modeling for nonCTW+unk, 1973 to 1989, 50th percentile .......................................... 19

4-6 1973 to 1989 fit lines for AMW, CTW, nonCTW, and nonCTW+unk ....................................... 20

A-1 ROS fit for AMWs, 1966......................................................................................................... 24

A-2 ROS fit for AMWs, 1968......................................................................................................... 24

A-3 ROS fit for AMWs, 1969......................................................................................................... 25

A-4 ROS fit for AMWs, 1970......................................................................................................... 25

A-5 ROS fit for AMWs, 1971......................................................................................................... 26

A-6 ROS fit for AMWs, 1972......................................................................................................... 26

A-7 ROS fit for AMWs, 1973......................................................................................................... 27

A-8 ROS fit for AMWs, 1974......................................................................................................... 27

A-9 ROS fit for AMWs, 1975......................................................................................................... 28

A-10 ROS fit for AMWs, 1976......................................................................................................... 28

A-11 ROS fit for AMWs, 1977......................................................................................................... 29

A-12 ROS fit for AMWs, 1978......................................................................................................... 29

A-13 ROS fit for AMWs, 1979......................................................................................................... 30

A-14 ROS fit for AMWs, 1980......................................................................................................... 30

A-15 ROS fit for AMWs, 1981......................................................................................................... 31

A-16 ROS fit for AMWs, 1982......................................................................................................... 31

A-17 ROS fit for AMWs, 1983......................................................................................................... 32

A-18 ROS fit for AMWs, 1984......................................................................................................... 32

A-19 ROS fit for AMWs, 1985......................................................................................................... 33

A-20 ROS fit for AMWs, 1986......................................................................................................... 33

A-21 ROS fit for AMWs, 1987......................................................................................................... 34

A-22 ROS fit for AMWs, 1988 to 1989 ............................................................................................ 34

A-23 Effective fit for AMWs, 1973 ................................................................................................... 35

A-24 Effective fit for AMWs, 1974 ................................................................................................... 35

A-25 Effective fit for AMWs, 1975 ................................................................................................... 36

A-26 Effective fit for AMWs, 1976 ................................................................................................... 36

A-27 Effective fit for AMWs, 1977 ................................................................................................... 37

A-28 Effective fit for AMWs, 1978 ................................................................................................... 37

A-29 Effective fit for AMWs, 1979 ................................................................................................... 38

A-30 Effective fit for AMWs, 1980 ................................................................................................... 38

A-31 Effective fit for AMWs, 1981 ................................................................................................... 39

A-32 Effective fit for AMWs, 1982 ................................................................................................... 39

A-33 Effective fit for AMWs, 1983 ................................................................................................... 40

A-34 Effective fit for AMWs, 1984 ................................................................................................... 40

A-35 Effective fit for AMWs, 1985 ................................................................................................... 41

A-36 Effective fit for AMWs, 1986 ................................................................................................... 41

A-37 Effective fit for AMWs, 1987 ................................................................................................... 42

A-38 Effective fit for AMWs, 1988 to 1989 ...................................................................................... 42

A-39 ROS fit for CTWs, 1966 to 1968............................................................................................. 43

A-40 ROS fit for CTWs, 1969 ......................................................................................................... 43

A-41 ROS fit for CTWs, 1970 ......................................................................................................... 44

A-42 ROS fit for CTWs, 1971 ......................................................................................................... 44

A-43 ROS fit for CTWs, 1972 ......................................................................................................... 45
Document No. ORAUT-RPRT-0055 Revision No. 00 Effective Date: 07/20/2012 Page 5 of 111

A-44 ROS fit for CTWs, 1973 ......................................................................................................... 45

A-45 ROS fit for CTWs, 1974 ......................................................................................................... 46

A-46 ROS fit for CTWs, 1975 ......................................................................................................... 46

A-47 ROS fit for CTWs, 1976 ......................................................................................................... 47

A-48 ROS fit for CTWs, 1977 ......................................................................................................... 47

A-49 ROS fit for CTWs, 1978 ......................................................................................................... 48

A-50 ROS fit for CTWs, 1979 ......................................................................................................... 48

A-51 ROS fit for CTWs, 1980 ......................................................................................................... 49

A-52 ROS fit for CTWs, 1981 to 1982............................................................................................. 49

A-53 ROS fit for CTWs, 1983 ......................................................................................................... 50

A-54 ROS fit for CTWs, 1984 ......................................................................................................... 50

A-55 ROS fit for CTWs, 1985 ......................................................................................................... 51

A-56 ROS fit for CTWs, 1986 ......................................................................................................... 51

A-57 ROS fit for CTWs, 1987 to 1989............................................................................................. 52

A-58 Effective fit for CTWs, 1973.................................................................................................... 52

A-59 Effective fit for CTWs, 1974.................................................................................................... 53

A-60 Effective fit for CTWs, 1975.................................................................................................... 53

A-61 Effective fit for CTWs, 1976.................................................................................................... 54

A-62 Effective fit for CTWs, 1977.................................................................................................... 54

A-63 Effective fit for CTWs, 1978.................................................................................................... 55

A-64 Effective fit for CTWs, 1979.................................................................................................... 55

A-65 Effective fit for CTWs, 1980.................................................................................................... 56

A-66 Effective fit for CTWs, 1981 to 1982....................................................................................... 56

A-67 Effective fit for CTWs, 1983.................................................................................................... 57

A-68 Effective fit for CTWs, 1984.................................................................................................... 57

A-69 Effective fit for CTWs, 1985.................................................................................................... 58

A-70 Effective fit for CTWs, 1986.................................................................................................... 58

A-71 Effective fit for CTWs, 1987 to 1989....................................................................................... 59

A-72 ROS fit for nonCTWs, 1966 to 1968....................................................................................... 59

A-73 ROS fit for nonCTWs, 1969.................................................................................................... 60

A-74 ROS fit for nonCTWs, 1970.................................................................................................... 60

A-75 ROS fit for nonCTWs, 1971.................................................................................................... 61

A-76 ROS fit for nonCTWs, 1972.................................................................................................... 61

A-77 ROS fit for nonCTWs, 1973.................................................................................................... 62

A-78 ROS fit for nonCTWs, 1974.................................................................................................... 62

A-79 ROS fit for nonCTWs, 1975.................................................................................................... 63

A-80 ROS fit for nonCTWs, 1976.................................................................................................... 63

A-81 ROS fit for nonCTWs, 1977.................................................................................................... 64

A-82 ROS fit for nonCTWs, 1978.................................................................................................... 64

A-83 ROS fit for nonCTWs, 1979.................................................................................................... 65

A-84 ROS fit for nonCTWs, 1980.................................................................................................... 65

A-85 ROS fit for nonCTWs, 1981 to 1982....................................................................................... 66

A-86 ROS fit for nonCTWs, 1983.................................................................................................... 66

A-87 ROS fit for nonCTWs, 1984.................................................................................................... 67

A-88 ROS fit for nonCTWs, 1985.................................................................................................... 67

A-89 ROS fit for nonCTWs, 1986.................................................................................................... 68

A-90 ROS fit for nonCTWs, 1987 to 1989....................................................................................... 68

A-91 Effective fit for nonCTWs, 1973.............................................................................................. 69

A-92 Effective fit for nonCTWs, 1974.............................................................................................. 69

A-93 Effective fit for nonCTWs, 1975.............................................................................................. 70

A-94 Effective fit for nonCTWs, 1976.............................................................................................. 70

A-95 Effective fit for nonCTWs, 1977.............................................................................................. 71

A-96 Effective fit for nonCTWs, 1978.............................................................................................. 71
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A-97 Effective fit for nonCTWs, 1979.............................................................................................. 72

A-98 Effective fit for nonCTWs, 1980.............................................................................................. 72

A-99 Effective fit for nonCTWs, 1981 to 1982................................................................................. 73

A-100 Effective fit for nonCTWs, 1983.............................................................................................. 73

A-101 Effective fit for nonCTWs, 1984.............................................................................................. 74

A-102 Effective fit for nonCTWs, 1985.............................................................................................. 74

A-103 Effective fit for nonCTWs, 1986.............................................................................................. 75

A-104 Effective fit for nonCTWs, 1987 to 1989................................................................................. 75

A-105 ROS fit for nonCTWs+unk, 1966 to 1968 ............................................................................... 76

A-106 ROS fit for nonCTWs+unk, 1969............................................................................................ 76

A-107 ROS fit for nonCTWs+unk, 1970............................................................................................ 77

A-108 ROS fit for nonCTWs+unk, 1971............................................................................................ 77

A-109 ROS fit for nonCTWs+unk, 1972............................................................................................ 78

A-110 ROS fit for nonCTWs+unk, 1973............................................................................................ 78

A-111 ROS fit for nonCTWs+unk, 1974............................................................................................ 79

A-112 ROS fit for nonCTWs+unk, 1975............................................................................................ 79

A-113 ROS fit for nonCTWs+unk, 1976............................................................................................ 80

A-114 ROS fit for nonCTWs+unk, 1977............................................................................................ 80

A-115 ROS fit for nonCTWs+unk, 1978............................................................................................ 81

A-116 ROS fit for nonCTWs+unk, 1979............................................................................................ 81

A-117 ROS fit for nonCTWs+unk, 1980............................................................................................ 82

A-118 ROS fit for nonCTWs+unk, 1981 to 1982 ............................................................................... 82

A-119 ROS fit for nonCTWs+unk, 1983............................................................................................ 83

A-120 ROS fit for nonCTWs+unk, 1984............................................................................................ 83

A-121 ROS fit for nonCTWs+unk, 1985............................................................................................ 84

A-122 ROS fit for nonCTWs+unk, 1986............................................................................................ 84

A-123 ROS fit for nonCTWs+unk, 1987 to 1989 ............................................................................... 85

A-124 Effective fit for nonCTWs+unk, 1973...................................................................................... 85

A-125 Effective fit for nonCTWs+unk, 1974...................................................................................... 86

A-126 Effective fit for nonCTWs+unk, 1975...................................................................................... 86

A-127 Effective fit for nonCTWs+unk, 1976...................................................................................... 87

A-128 Effective fit for nonCTWs+unk, 1977...................................................................................... 87

A-129 Effective fit for nonCTWs+unk, 1978...................................................................................... 88

A-130 Effective fit for nonCTWs+unk, 1979...................................................................................... 88

A-131 Effective fit for nonCTWs+unk, 1980...................................................................................... 89

A-132 Effective fit for nonCTWs+unk, 1981 to 1982 ......................................................................... 89

A-133 Effective fit for nonCTWs+unk, 1983...................................................................................... 90

A-134 Effective fit for nonCTWs+unk, 1984...................................................................................... 90

A-135 Effective fit for nonCTWs+unk, 1985...................................................................................... 91

A-136 Effective fit for nonCTWs+unk, 1986...................................................................................... 91

A-137 Effective fit for nonCTWs+unk, 1987 to 1989 ......................................................................... 92

B-1 Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW, 1966 to 1968............................................................... 93

B-2 Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW, 1969............................................................................ 93

B-3 Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW, 1970............................................................................ 94

B-4 Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW, 1971............................................................................ 94

B-5 Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW, 1972............................................................................ 95

B-6 Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW, 1973............................................................................ 95

B-7 Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW, 1974............................................................................ 96

B-8 Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW, 1975............................................................................ 96

B-9 Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW, 1976............................................................................ 97

B-10 Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW, 1977............................................................................ 97

B-11 Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW, 1978............................................................................ 98

B-12 Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW, 1979............................................................................ 98
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B-13 Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW, 1980............................................................................ 99

B-14 Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW, 1981 to 1982............................................................... 99

B-15 Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW, 1983.......................................................................... 100

B-16 Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW, 1984.......................................................................... 100

B-17 Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW, 1985.......................................................................... 101

B-18 Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW, 1986.......................................................................... 101

B-19 Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW, 1987 to 1989............................................................. 102

B-20 Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW+unk, 1966 to 1968 ..................................................... 102

B-21 Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW+unk, 1969.................................................................. 103

B-22 Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW+unk, 1970.................................................................. 103

B-23 Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW+unk, 1971.................................................................. 104

B-24 Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW+unk, 1972.................................................................. 104

B-25 Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW+unk, 1973.................................................................. 105

B-26 Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW+unk, 1974.................................................................. 105

B-27 Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW+unk, 1975.................................................................. 106

B-28 Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW+unk, 1976.................................................................. 106

B-29 Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW+unk, 1977.................................................................. 107

B-30 Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW+unk, 1978.................................................................. 107

B-31 Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW+unk, 1979.................................................................. 108

B-32 Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW+unk, 1980.................................................................. 108

B-33 Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW+unk, 1981 to 1982 ..................................................... 109

B-34 Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW+unk, 1983.................................................................. 109

B-35 Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW+unk, 1984.................................................................. 110

B-36 Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW+unk, 1985.................................................................. 110

B-37 Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW+unk, 1986.................................................................. 111

B-38 Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW+unk, 1987 to 1989 ..................................................... 111
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ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

AMW all monitored worker

CTW construction trade worker

dpm disintegrations per minute

GM geometric mean

GSD geometric standard deviation

ID identification

L liter

MCPT Monte Carlo permutation test

MPM maximum possible mean

NIOSH National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

NOCTS NIOSH Claims Tracking System

OPOS one person – one sample

ORAU Oak Ridge Associated Universities

QA quality assurance

ROS regression on order statistics

SRDB Ref ID Site Research Database Reference Identification (number)

SRS Savannah River Site

TLD thermoluminescent dosimeter

unk unknown
Document No. ORAUT-RPRT-0055 Revision No. 00 Effective Date: 07/20/2012 Page 9 of 111

1.0 INTRODUCTION

At the Savannah River Site (SRS), some workers might have been exposed to exotic trivalent 

radionuclides without being monitored for that potential exposure. The National Institute for 

Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Dose Reconstruction Project uses coworker models to 

estimate doses for workers who were not monitored for exposure to radioactive materials but may 

have been exposed to radioactive materials (ORAUT 2007, p. 13). Such a dose is referred to as 

unmonitored dose. Coworker models are typically constructed using data from all monitored workers 

by fitting a lognormal probability distribution to the data (ORAUT 2005, 2006) to estimate the 

geometric mean (GM) and geometric standard deviation (GSD) of the doses. Coworker models for 

external dose are usually constructed from external doses assigned to individuals with film badges 

and thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs). Coworker models for internal dose are calculated using 

bioassay data that are later evaluated in terms of chronic intake rates and, ultimately, internal doses.

Rather than using all monitored workers to construct a coworker model, an analysis can stratify 

monitored workers into subgroups (i.e., strata) and construct separate coworker models for each 

stratum. Stratification offers potential advantages, such as more precise estimates of the dose to 

unmonitored workers in a stratum, but it also has a number of potential drawbacks and limitations 

(ORAUT 2010). The purpose of this report is to evaluate two proposed strata in relation to bioassay 

data, potential intakes, and internal doses from exotic trivalent radionuclides. The two strata consist 

of (1) the construction trade worker (CTW) stratum that includes workers classified as CTWs in 

accordance with ORAUT-OTIB-0052 (ORAUT 2011) and (2) the nonCTW stratum that includes 

workers not classified as CTWs (non-construction trade workers). A statistically and practically 

significant difference between the CTW and nonCTW strata could warrant coworker models based on 

the individual strata rather than the entire population of monitored workers, designated as the all 

monitored workers (AMWs) in this document.

This evaluation includes a third stratum of workers whose job classifications are not available or 

unknown (abbreviated as “unk”). This is different from the application of OTIB-0052 (ORAUT 2011) 

during performance of dose reconstructions where individuals are not considered to be CTWs unless 

there is a reason to classify them as such. In this analysis, the unks are evaluated in two manners: 

1) they are included with the nonCTWs, and 2) they are excluded entirely from the strata comparison. 

Exclusion from the strata comparison is the difference from the normal application of OTIB-0052. The 

distinction is made for this report because less information is available about all the workers with 

exotic trivalent radionuclides bioassay data than is available for energy employees whose dose is 

being reconstructed. For energy employees whose dose is being reconstructed, individual-specific 

information is available from the DOE records, the record of the telephone interview, and information 

provided by the DOL.

2.0 BIOASSAY DATA VERSUS DOSE

Monitoring for workers who have the potential for exposure to external radiation typically consists of a 

dosimeter (e.g., TLD or film badge) they wear on the upper torso of the body. The dosimeter 

indicates the cumulative dose to the whole body that is received between readings of the dosimeter, 

which creates monitoring intervals that can be anywhere from days to months in duration. A key 

property of the reported doses for each interval is that, for a given individual, the doses are statistically 

independent of each other. For example, the received dose in a given month, by itself, provides no 

information about the dose in the next month and, similarly, the received dose in a given year, by 

itself, provides no information about the dose in the next year.

Internal dose monitoring programs are in many ways similar to the above-described external dose 

programs, but internal dose programs tend to be based on bioassay rather than dosimeters. This is 

an important difference because, if an individual has an intake of radioactive material such that 
Document No. ORAUT-RPRT-0055 Revision No. 00 Effective Date: 07/20/2012 Page 10 of 111

radioactive material is detected in given sample, subsequent bioassay samples can also have 

detectable radioactivity even if there have been no additional intakes. This means bioassay results 

can correlate with each other and are no longer statistically independent. This correlation can exist 

for a brief period (after a small intake of tritium, for example), or for the length of a career (after a large 

intake of plutonium, for example). For exotic trivalent radionuclides, this correlation may hold for a 

period of a few months to a couple years.

Operational bioassay programs can generate multiple results for an individual in a given period (e.g., 

a year), which creates a related problem if an individual is involved in an incident and has more 

(potentially many more) bioassay results than other workers. If these are not accounted for, the 

problems of correlated data and unequal numbers of samples per person can skew evaluation of the 

data by unequally weighting data from that individual. The solution to this problem is to generate a 

single statistic that characterizes multiple bioassay results for each person in a given period. This is 

referred to as a one person – one sample (OPOS) statistic. The OPOS statistic is calculated using 

the maximum possible mean (MPM) methodology (ORAUT 2012).

3.0 METHODOLOGY

The CTW and nonCTW strata were compared using the methodology from ORAUT-RPRT-0053 

(ORAUT 2012). The basic steps of this methodology, discussed in more detail below, are:

• Evaluate the complete set of exotic trivalent radionuclides bioassay data and determine the job 

classification (CTW, nonCTW, or unk) for each individual for each bioassay sample.

• For each individual and each time period, determine the OPOS statistic for the AMW, CTW, 

and nonCTW strata, and for the combined nonCTW+unk stratum (See Section 3.3 for more 

detail).

• Determine the GM and GSD urinary excretion rates for the AMW, CTW, nonCTW, and 

combined nonCTW+unk strata for each time period using the regression on order statistics 

(ROS), effective fit, and binomial methods (ORAUT 2012) as appropriate.

• Compare the CTW:nonCTW and CTW:nonCTW+unk strata using the Monte Carlo permutation 

test (MCPT) and Peto-Prentice tests (ORAUT 2012) to determine if there is a statistically 

significant difference.

• If there is a statistically significant difference, compare the CTW:nonCTW and 

CTW:nonCTW+unk strata to determine if there is a practical difference.

At Savannah River, all personnel working in regulated areas (“Regulated Zones” and “Radiation 

Danger Zones”), including construction workers, were periodically checked for assimilation of 

radioactive material by urinalysis bioassay (DuPont 1961). The only exception to this may have been

when special exclusion zones were established, and when this occurred, the outer boundaries of the 

radiological areas were monitored (ORAUT 2008). Notification of sample request was given to 

employees through their supervision. Special bioassay samples were requested of workers, including 

construction workers, by Health Physics through the worker’s supervision, when a potential 

assimilation of radioactive material was suspected through air or surface contamination monitoring 

(DuPont 1961).

CTWs are potentially subject to different bioassay practices than other workers. CTWs, many of 

whom are contractors, commonly submit bioassay samples after suspected uptakes and at the 

completion of jobs. This is in contrast to other workers, especially those employed directly by the 

prime contractor, who are more likely to be on a routine bioassay program in addition to submitting 
Document No. ORAUT-RPRT-0055 Revision No. 00 Effective Date: 07/20/2012 Page 11 of 111

bioassay samples after suspected uptakes. A post-job bioassay is more likely to be soon after an 

unknown uptake than is a routine bioassay sample and thus would be higher. This potential 

difference in how the strata are monitored for intakes would result in higher results for CTWs 

compared to the other strata.

3.1 EXOTIC TRIVALENT RADIONUCLIDES BIOASSAY DATA

Exotic trivalent radionuclides bioassay data were obtained from SRS hard-copy laboratory notebooks 

(DuPont 1963–1970, 1969–1973, 1970–1973, 1973–1978, 1973–1979, 1978–1983, 1979–1980, 

1980–1981a,b, 1981–1986, 1986–1989). The data were transferred to a spreadsheet and subjected 

to a quality assurance (QA) verification in accordance with MIL-STD-105E, Sampling Procedures and 

Tables for Inspection by Attributes (DOD 1989). 315 records were randomly picked and reviewed for 

accuracy of the data transcription. The first round of verification identified generic issues, which were 

corrected, and a second round of verification was performed that indicated an acceptable error rate. 

In the second round, 15 errors were identified, 7 of which were classified as critical errors, i.e., errors 

which would impact subsequent data analysis. 7 errors out of a sample of 315 records equates to a 

1% error rate in the full data set. The errors that were identified during the QA process were 

corrected. In addition, other errors were discovered during subsequent statistical analyses of the 

data, usually as a result of identification of outliers in the dataset. The most common error was 

omission of the decimal due to legibility issues, resulting in higher than actual bioassay results. These 

corrections were made and documented before further analysis.

The analysis assumes the data form a complete dataset of all exotic trivalent radionuclides monitoring 

during the relevant periods. A single urine sample was commonly counted multiple times, usually 

twice but up to 10 times was noted. The data in the logbooks consisted of one or more count rate 

results for each urine sample in units of dpm per disc dependent on how many times a sample was 

counted (this information was not used) and count-specific results in units of net dpm/1.5 L (this 

information was used). Further, a reported value for each sample, also in units of dpm/1.5 L, was 

usually provided. The result in dpm/1.5 L for each count of a sample was generally recorded as an 

uncensored value, i.e. the calculated result was recorded regardless of its value. In contrast, the 

“reported” values were generally censored, i.e., results less than some level, typically the detection or 

reporting limit were reported as a “less than” result. Some dpm/1.5 L data that were less than zero 

were reported as zero.

Not all sample records included all this information, and in some instances the count-specific results 

were censored. If count-specific results were available, the valid results were averaged by the ORAU 

Team to determine the sample result. This value was generally uncensored. If count-specific results 

were not available, the reported value was used, many of which were censored. Excluded samples 

included those marked as “LIP” for Lost In Process, those marked “DTPA” to indicate chelation, or 

those that lacked sufficient identifying information [e.g., sample date or worker identification (ID) 

number].

Three sample results were excluded as false positives because the subsequent samples had no 

detected activity. In addition, all results for three individuals were excluded for an entire year due to 

an ingestion intake, a plutonium wound intake, and an incident that resulted in the highest assigned 

intake of 244Cm in the history of SRS. These incidents and intakes were characterized by an 

extremely high number of bioassay results many of which were orders of magnitude higher than the 

bioassay data for other individuals and were considered unrepresentative of the potential exposure to 

an unmonitored worker.
Document No. ORAUT-RPRT-0055 Revision No. 00 Effective Date: 07/20/2012 Page 12 of 111

3.2 JOB CLASSIFICATION DETERMINATION

NIOSH directed the Oak Ridge Associated Universities (ORAU) Team to use 1954 Craft Payroll 

Codes (Author unknown undated) as the source of crafts and occupations and the payroll ID field to 

determine which workers should be assigned to the CTW stratum. NIOSH and the ORAU Team 

reviewed the crafts in that document and determined that the following are CTW crafts at SRS that 

could have involved radiological exposure. The payroll ID prefix is listed first with each of the CTW 

crafts:

• 02 – Instruments

• 05 – Laborer

• 06 – Carpenter

• 12 – Iron Worker

• 14 – Heavy Equipment Operator

• 15 – Steelworker

• 18 – Millwright

• 20 – Boilermaker

• 21 – Sheetmetal Worker

• 25 – Electrician

• 26 – Pipefitter

• 31 – Insulator

• 33 – Painter

In addition, NIOSH and the ORAU Team considered any worker in Payroll Roll #2 (which is different 

from payroll prefix 02 in the list above) with one of the craft (occupational title) listings above to be a 

CTW. An additional craft code, 17, was not given in 1954 Craft Payroll Codes but was determined to 

be associated with “Painter” from examination of SRS work history data. The worker history cards 

were reviewed to determine the payroll ID# and/or occupational title for each individual for each 

bioassay result. The last entry on the worker history card prior to the date of the bioassay sample 

was used to determine the payroll ID# and/or occupational title.

The following steps were used to identify CTW, nonCTW, and unk data. For each bioassay record, 

the ORAU Team using the sample date, name and payroll id (PR ID), retrieved the assigned 

job/occupational title from the SRS work history card (O:\DOE Site Images\Savannah River\Work 

History Information\EDAR & WkHx Images) matched to the sampled worker and for the sampled date 

since a worker could have multiple occupational titles over time. In some instances, the value of the 

PR ID field was different on the card than in the bioassay file and were changed. Occupational titles 

were recorded as stated on the card. When either the personal information could not be found in the 

SRS worker history cards or when an occupational title was not recorded on the matched card, an 

entry of unknown was recorded in the Occupational Title field. Once occupational titles had been 

queried for all bioassay records, various instances of the same high-level occupational title were 

made consistent and recorded in the Changed Occupational Title field. For example, Research 

Chemist and Junior Chemist were considered to be Chemist. The values of two fields, “Changed 

Payroll ID#” and “Changed Occupational Title,” were used to denote the value of the CTW field in that 

particular row. The name of these fields includes “changed” to distinguish them from the original 

payroll ID# and occupation title fields. The “changed Payroll ID #” field reformats the originallyrecorded payroll ID#’s into a consistent format (hyphens, leading zeros, etc.) while retaining the 

originally recorded number. No distinction was made between DuPont workers and non-DuPont 

workers. 
Document No. ORAUT-RPRT-0055 Revision No. 00 Effective Date: 07/20/2012 Page 13 of 111

If the Changed Payroll ID# was of the form “XX-ppppp” where “XX” is 05, 06, 12, 14, 15, 17, 18, 20, 

21, 25, 26, 31, or 33 and “ppppp” is a 5- or more digit number, the record was treated as that of a 

CTW.

If the Changed Payroll ID# was of the form “T-nnnn” where “nnnn” is a number, the record was treated 

as that of a nonCTW. [Payroll IDs starting with “T-“ indicate payroll 1, which did not apply to CTWs.]

If the Changed Payroll ID# was of the form “mmmmm” where “mmmmm” is a 2-, 3-, 4-, or 5-digit 

number only, the value of Changed Occupational Title was checked.

If the Changed Occupational Title was “Boilermaker,” “Carpenter,” “CTW,” “Electrician,” “Glass 

Blower,” “Heavy Equipment Operator,” “Helper,” “Laborer,” “Maintenance,” “Mechanic,” “Millwright,” 

“Painter,” or “Rigger,” the record was treated as that of a CTW.

If the Changed Occupational Title was “Roll 2”, “unknown,” or null, the value of CTW was set to “unk.”

For all remaining rows, the record was treated as that of a nonCTW.

All remaining records were treated as unk.

This classification process was refined using data from the NIOSH Claims Tracking System (NOCTS). 

NOCTS was searched for individuals classified as unk. If the person was found, the NOCTS 

description of that person’s job title was used to classify the person using the same basic 

methodology as that in step 3 above.

3.3 ONE PERSON – ONE SAMPLE STATISTIC

An average bioassay result using the MPM method was determined for each individual for each 

evaluated time period and each job category. This resulted in a table of OPOS results for all workers 

(AMW) that used all available bioassay data and three other tables for the CTW, nonCTW, and 

nonCTW+unk strata that used only bioassay data identified as belonging to each of those strata. 

Because it was possible for a worker to change jobs during the course of a single evaluated time 

period, it is possible that a worker would have some samples identified as nonCTW and others as 

CTW in the same time period. Therefore, one person might have as many as four different OPOS 

results, one each for the AMW, CTW, nonCTW, and nonCTW+unk strata. Table 3-1 lists the number 

of total bioassay results and number of OPOS results for AMW and each strata.

Table 3-2 details the percentage of occurrences of multiple bioassay results averaged using the MPM 

method for each strata. More multi-year time periods were used for the CTW, nonCTW, and 

nonCTW+unk strata, which results in a higher percentage of occurrences of 2 bioassay results per 

time period and a lower percentage of 1 bioassay result compared to the AMWs. 

Table 3-3 lists the ratio of CTWs and nonCTWs+unks that received bioassay monitoring for exotic 

trivalent radionuclides for each year in the 1973 through 1981 time period. The number of 

manufacturing and technical workers (assumed to represent the nonCTWs+unks) and the number of 

construction workers is based on the SRS monthly report abstracts prepared by Taulbee (2011) using 

the number of manufacturing, technical, and construction workers summarized for July of each year. 

There is no significant difference between the population and bioassay monitoring ratios for the two 

groups, which is consistent with the implementation of the same radiological monitoring procedures 

for the two groups.
Document No. ORAUT-RPRT-0055 Revision No. 00 Effective Date: 07/20/2012 Page 14 of 111

Table 3-1. Number of total bioassay and OPOS results per time period per strata.

Period

AMW CTW nonCTW nonCTW+unk

Total 

results

OPOS 

results

Total 

results

OPOS 

results

Total 

results

OPOS

results

Total 

results

OPOS 

results

1966 281 155 N/Aa N/Aa N/Aa N/Aa N/Aa N/Aa

1967 298 227 N/Aa N/Aa N/Aa N/Aa N/Aa N/Aa

1968 766 364 N/Aa N/Aa N/Aa N/Aa N/Aa N/Aa

1966–1968 N/Ab N/Ab 240 101 1,071 329 1,105 343

1969 893 379 230 95 645 277 663 285

1970 1,955 567 328 124 1,593 451 1,627 461

1971 1,856 663 292 107 1,545 550 1,564 559

1972 1,565 650 208 109 1,312 525 1,357 541

1973 1,249 644 243 115 969 509 1,006 530

1974 1,067 456 162 86 876 357 905 371

1975 831 467 173 94 628 356 658 375

1976 695 450 148 90 523 346 547 360

1977 478 383 87 68 368 292 391 315

1978 306 228 66 49 232 171 240 179

1979 441 322 79 67 337 234 362 255

1980 253 230 44 42 198 178 209 188

1981 341 267 N/Aa N/Aa N/Aa N/Aa N/Aa N/Aa

1982 325 307 N/Aa N/Aa N/Aa N/Aa N/Aa N/Aa

1981–1982 N/Ab N/Ab 80 44 524 379 586 422

1983 330 303 41 39 255 232 289 264

1984 347 275 63 20 234 210 284 255

1985 340 259 42 24 266 214 298 235

1986 399 273 101 26 253 219 298 247

1987 379 305 N/Aa N/Aa N/Aa N/Aa N/Aa N/Aa

1988–1989 342 288 N/Aa N/Aa N/Aa N/Aa N/Aa N/Aa

1987–1989 N/Ab N/Ab 65 25 598 336 656 371

a. This time period is part of a merged time period for this strata and is not reported separately.

b. This merged time period is separated into multiple time periods for this strata and is reported for each of the separate 

time periods instead.

Table 3-2. Percentage of multiple bioassay results per person per time period.

# Bioassay results AMW (%) CTW (%) nonCTW (%) nonCTW+unk (%)

1 59 48 55 56

2 28 36 29 29

3 7 9 7 7

>3 6 7 9 8

Table 3-3. Population and exotic trivalent radionuclides monitoring ratios.

Year # nonCTW+unks # CTWs Population ratio Bioassay ratio

1973 5,255 500 0.10 0.22

1974 5,205 600 0.12 0.23

1975 5,140 973 0.19 0.25

1976 5,407 995 0.18 0.25

1977 5,598 1,344 0.24 0.22

1978 5,944 1,973 0.33 0.27

1979 5,709 1,958 0.34 0.26

1980 6,050 1,991 0.33 0.22

1981 6,593 2,159 0.33 0.10
Document No. ORAUT-RPRT-0055 Revision No. 00 Effective Date: 07/20/2012 Page 15 of 111

3.4 STATISTICAL ANALYSIS

Statistical analysis of each dataset was performed in accordance with ORAUT-RPRT-0053 (ORAUT 

2012). First, each time period was evaluated using the ROS method. If this method failed or yielded 

an unacceptable fit, the effective fit (maximum likelihood) method was used. In some instances, both 

the ROS and effective fit methods were performed to evaluate which method provided a better fit to 

the data. 

3.5 STRATA COMPARISON

For each time period, the CTW stratum was compared to both the nonCTW and nonCTW+unk strata 

to determine whether there were statistical differences at the 0.05 level of significance. All statistically 

significant differences were evaluated for practical significance. Evaluation of if there was a 

practically significant difference was only performed if it was determined that there was a statistically 

significant difference. 

Practical significance is determined by comparing the constant chronic intake rates of the two strata, 

calculated from the 50th and 84th percentiles of OPOS data, to see if they are significantly different. 

The constant chronic intake rates of the two strata are slopes of regressions through the origin, so a 

simple t-test for equal slopes can be employed. If the test is significant at the 0.05 level of 

significance, the constant chronic intake rates of the two strata are significantly different, and separate 

coworker models should be used for the two strata. If the test is not significant, the constant chronic 

intake rates of the two strata are not significantly different, so an AMW model should be used for both 

the strata.

4.0 RESULTS

4.1 BIOASSAY FITTING

Two sets of comparisons were made. The first set compared the CTW and nonCTW strata. The 

second set compared the CTW and combined nonCTW+unk strata. The unk stratum was included 

with the nonCTW stratum because this was the default assumption. Workers were assumed to 

belong to the nonCTW stratum unless there was justification to include them in the CTW stratum.

For the AMW and each of the three stratum, the ROS fit was calculated for all time periods for which 

there were sufficient data (i.e., more than one uncensored result). The effective fit process from 

ORAUT-RPRT-0053 (ORAUT 2012) was used for all time periods with an ROS fit GSD of 6 or greater 

as suggested by ORAUT-RPRT-0053. However, it was observed that the effective fit process did not 

result in an increase in the GM and a significant reduction in the GSD for many of the time periods fit 

with that process, which is in contrast to the results previously experienced with other coworker 

studies and datasets. For time periods for which the effective fit process did not result in an increase 

in the GM and a substantial decrease in the GSD of the fit, the ROS fit was used as the fit method 

more closely based on the actual data with no imputation or inferences being made about censored 

results. Attachment A contains the plots of the ROS and effective fits for each stratum (including 

AMW).

The effective fit was used for the AMW for the 1981-to-1982 period, for the CTW stratum for the 1981-

to-1982, 1984, and 1986 periods, and for the nonCTW and nonCTW+unk strata for the 1981-to-1982 

period. All other time periods were fit with the ROS method.
Document No. ORAUT-RPRT-0055 Revision No. 00 Effective Date: 07/20/2012 Page 16 of 111

4.2 STRATA COMPARISONS

For 1963 to 1965, there were insufficient data to perform a comparison between the strata in either 

comparison set. There was only one uncensored result in the CTW strata for this entire time period. 

Per RPRT-0053, this is insufficient data to perform a comparison. With only one uncensored value, 

merging of these time periods with subsequent time periods would add no information to the analysis.

The Peto-Prentice test was performed for all time periods from 1966 through 1989. To have enough 

data to perform the comparisons, 1966 to 1968, 1981 to 1982, and 1987 to 1989 were combined to 

form three merged periods. This was necessary due to the small population size of the CTW stratum. 

Many of the MCPT analyses produced asymmetric clouds of points that were clearly not bivariate 

normal and nonparametric bagplots were not adequate, so MCPT analysis is not included. Since only 

Peto-Prentice tests are used for strata comparison, it is appropriate to use the Holm method for 

multiple comparisons.

The Peto-Prentice test is used to determine whether the distribution of the OPOS bioassay data is the 

same in the CTW stratum and the nonCTW stratum (or the nonCTW stratum with unknowns). The 

result of the Peto-Prentice test is a two-sided p-value. These p-values are compared to the Holm 

cutoffs (ORAUT 2012) calculated for the family of tests (all the Peto-Prentice tests for a given strata 

comparison, in this case each of the 19 time periods) with a family-wise significance level of 0.05. If 

the p-value for a single test is less than its corresponding Holm cutoff value, the strata are considered 

different at a statistically significant level. Table 4-1 contains the results of these Peto-Prentice tests 

for the two comparison sets. Test results that identified a statistically significant difference are 

shaded. Attachment B contains the plotted results of the Peto-Prentice tests.

Table 4-1. Strata comparison.

Period

CTW:nonCTW CTW:nonCTW+unk

Peto-Prentice Holm cutoff Peto-Prentice Holm cutoff

1966–1968 0.3546 0.0056 0.375 0.0056

1969 0.1772 0.0036 0.1787 0.0036

1970 0.9815 0.05 0.8923 0.025

1971 0.806 0.0125 0.813 0.0125

1972 0.7692 0.01 0.7053 0.01

1973 0.3314 0.005 0.3383 0.005

1974 0.8536 0.0167 0.8684 0.0167

1975 0.5771 0.0071 0.5465 0.0071

1976 0.2562 0.0042 0.3021 0.0045

1977 0.3587 0.0062 0.4499 0.0062

1978 0.2401 0.0038 0.2186 0.0038

1979 0.9295 0.025 0.9082 0.05

1980 0.276 0.0045 0.2646 0.0042

1981–1982 0.0243 0.0029 0.0315 0.0029

1983 0.0129 0.0028 0.0074 0.0028

1984 0.1263 0.0031 0.0930 0.0031

1985 0.0006 0.0026 0.0005 0.0026

1986 0.1268 0.0033 0.1782 0.0033

1987–1989 0.6796 0.0083 0.6796 0.0083

A statistically significant difference was identified for only one year, 1985, in both the CTW:nonCTW 

and CTW:nonCTW+unk comparison sets. To evaluate the practical significance of this difference, the 

GM and 84th percentiles for each stratum (including AMW) were plotted together for comparison in 

Figures 4-1 and 4-2, respectively. For all strata, the overall trend of the GM is a horizontal trend line 

with the individual data points varying about a urinary excretion of approximately 0.01 dpm/day 
Document No. ORAUT-RPRT-0055 Revision No. 00 Effective Date: 07/20/2012 Page 17 of 111

starting in 1973. The 84th percentile is similar, varying about a urinary excretion of approximately 0.1 

dpm/day starting in 1973. 

1963 1965 1967 1969 1971 1973 1975 1977 1979 1981 1983 1985 1987

Year

0.01

0.10

1.00

Strata Geometric Means

dpm / day

AMW

CTW

nonCTW

nonCTW.unk

Figure 4-1. Strata GMs.

Intake rate comparisons for each strata were performed for 1973 through 1989. Figures 4-3 to 4-5 

depict the excretion curve fit through the 1973 to 1989 urinary excretion data for the CTW, nonCTW, 

and nonCTW+unk strata, respectively. This period is modeled because it is the intake period 

containing the time period where a statistically significant difference was found. For the actual 

coworker study, additional intake periods, before and after this time period will be modeled.

In order to assess practical significance, a t-test for equal slopes will determine whether the constant 

chronic intake rates for the strata are the same. The hypotheses for these tests are

H0: The slopes of the two regression lines are equal (i.e. the constant chronic intake rates for 

the two strata are the same).

HA: The slopes of the two regression lines are not equal (i.e. the constant chronic intake rates 

for the two strata are different).

Using the intake rates and standard errors from Table 4-2, as determined by IMBA, the test statistic 

and p-value for the CTW vs. nonCTW comparison are

− − = = =

+ + : 2 2 2 2

0.9861 0.716 1.0029

0.2222 0.1522

CTW nonCTW

CTW nonCTW

CTW nonCTW

b b t

s s

( ) p value − =× > = CTW nonCTW : 2 P tdf =26 1.0029 0.3252
Document No. ORAUT-RPRT-0055 Revision No. 00 Effective Date: 07/20/2012 Page 18 of 111

1963 1965 1967 1969 1971 1973 1975 1977 1979 1981 1983 1985 1987

Year

0.01

0.10

1.00

Strata 84th Percentiles

dpm / day

AMW

CTW

nonCTW

nonCTW.unk

Figure 4-2. Strata 84th percentiles.

Figure 4-3. Intake modeling for CTW, 1973 to 1989, 50th percentile.
Document No. ORAUT-RPRT-0055 Revision No. 00 Effective Date: 07/20/2012 Page 19 of 111

Figure 4-4. Intake modeling for nonCTW, 1973 to 1989, 50th percentile.

Figure 4-5. Intake modeling for nonCTW+unk, 1973 to 1989, 50th percentile.
Document No. ORAUT-RPRT-0055 Revision No. 00 Effective Date: 07/20/2012 Page 20 of 111

Likewise, the test statistic and p-value for the CTW vs. nonCTW+unk comparison are

: 2 2 2 2

0.9861 0.7306 0.9337

0.2222 0.1597

CTW nonCTW unk

CTW nonCTW unk

CTW nonCTW unk

b b t

s s

+

+

+

− − = = =

+ +

( ) p value − =× > = CTW nonCTW unk : + = 2 P tdf 26 0.9337 0.3590

These test statistics and p-values, used to compare the nonCTW and nonCTW+unk strata to the CTW 

strata, are also provided in Table 4-2.

Table 4-2. Strata intake rates, 1973 to 1989.

Stratum

50th-percentile intake

rate (dpm/day) Variance

Test

statistic p-value

CTW 0.9861 0.2222 N/A N/A

nonCTW 0.716 0.1522 1.0029 0.3252

nonCTW+unk 0.7306 0.1597 0.9337 0.3590

Both of the p-values for the strata comparisons are greater than 0.05. Therefore, there is not enough 

evidence that there may be a difference between the slopes of the two regression lines (and as a 

consequence, there is not enough evidence that the chronic intakes between the two strata are 

different). This leads to the conclusion that, for the purpose of intake modeling, there is no statistical 

or practical difference between the strata. A graphical depiction of the similarity can be seen in Figure

4-6, where the various fit lines are close together and well within the bounds of the data and the 

uncertainty of the AMW fit.

Figure 4-6. 1973 to 1989 fit lines for AMW, CTW, nonCTW, and nonCTW+unk.
Document No. ORAUT-RPRT-0055 Revision No. 00 Effective Date: 07/20/2012 Page 21 of 111

5.0 CONCLUSIONS

Statistical analysis revealed that the CTW stratum differs from the nonCTW and nonCTW+unk strata 

in a statistically significant manner in only 1985. From a practical standpoint, these urinary excretion 

data are inputs to intake modeling, which is used to determine actual intake rates that would result in 

these excretion rates. The intake modeling fits the data as a series of multiyear chronic intakes. For 

all the strata, the data from 1973 to 1989 can be considered as one intake period because all the 

excretion rates tend to vary about 0.01 dpm/day for that entire period. This intake period includes 

1985, the one period with a statistically significant difference. Over this period, there is no practical 

difference between the CTW and the other strata. Therefore, there would be no benefit in evaluating 

the CTW stratum separately from other site workers and the SRS internal dose coworker study should 

evaluate exotic trivalent radionuclides intakes based on the AMW data.
Document No. ORAUT-RPRT-0055 Revision No. 00 Effective Date: 07/20/2012 Page 22 of 111

REFERENCES

Author unknown, undated, 1954 Craft Payroll Codes. [SRDB Ref ID: 102063]

DOD (U.S. Department of Defense), 1989, Sampling Procedures and Tables for Inspection by 

Attributes, MIL-STD-105E, Washington, D.C., May 10. [SRDB Ref ID: 24964]

DuPont (E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company), 1961, Operating Procedure for Radiation and 

Contamination Control, Savannah River Site, Aiken South Carolina. [SRDB Ref ID: 52806]

DuPont (E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company), 1963–1970, Am., Cm Record Book, 5-29-1963 

thru 5-26-1970, Savannah River Site, Aiken South Carolina. [SRDB Ref ID: 52008]

DuPont (E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company), 1969–1973, Pu-AmCm Record Book, 5-14-1969 

thru 10-19-1973, Savannah River Site, Aiken South Carolina. [SRDB Ref ID: 53271]

DuPont (E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company), 1970–1973, Am., Cm Record Book, 5-27-1970 

thru 2-9-1973, Savannah River Site, Aiken South Carolina. [SRDB Ref ID: 52006]

DuPont (E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company), 1973–1978, Am., Cm Record Book, 2-10-1973 

thru 4-30-1978, Savannah River Site, Aiken South Carolina. [SRDB Ref ID: 52010]

DuPont (E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company), 1973–1979, Pu-Am Record Book, 10-22-1973 thru 

2-1-1979, Savannah River Site, Aiken South Carolina. [SRDB Ref ID: 51970]

DuPont (E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company), 1978–1983, Am., Cm Record Book, 5-1-1978 thru 

11-29-1983, Savannah River Site, Aiken South Carolina. [SRDB Ref ID: 52019]

DuPont (E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company), 1979–1980, Pu-Am Record Book, 2-2-1979 thru 7-

7-1980, Savannah River Site, Aiken South Carolina. [SRDB Ref ID: 52018]

DuPont (E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company), 1980–1981a, Am-Cm #5 Record Book, 8-12-1980 

thru 6-9-1981, Savannah River Site, Aiken South Carolina. [SRDB Ref ID: 52012]

DuPont (E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company), 1980–1981b, PU-Am #3 Record Book, 8-3-80 thru 

8-22-81, Savannah River Site, Aiken South Carolina. [SRDB Ref ID: 52015]

DuPont (E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company), 1981–1986, Pu-Am Record Book, 10-23-1981 thru 

6-9-1986, Savannah River Site, Aiken South Carolina. [SRDB Ref ID: 53283]

DuPont (E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company), 1986–1989, Pu-Am Record Book, 6-25-1986 thru 

8-9-1989, Savannah River Site, Aiken South Carolina. [SRDB Ref ID: 52022]

ORAUT (Oak Ridge Associated Universities Team), 2005, Analysis of Coworker Bioassay Data for 

Internal Dose Assessment, ORAUT-OTIB-0019, Rev. 01, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, October 7.

ORAUT (Oak Ridge Associated Universities Team), 2006, Generating Summary Statistics for 

Coworker Bioassay Data, ORAUT-PROC-0095, Rev. 00, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, June 5.

ORAUT (Oak Ridge Associated Universities Team), 2007, Internal Dose Reconstruction, ORAUTOTIB-0060, Rev. 00, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, February 6.

ORAUT (Oak Ridge Associated Universities Team), 2008, SEC Petition Evaluation Report Petition

SEC-00103, Rev. 0, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, November 14. [SRDB Ref ID: 90587]
Document No. ORAUT-RPRT-0055 Revision No. 00 Effective Date: 07/20/2012 Page 23 of 111

ORAUT (Oak Ridge Associated Universities Team), 2009, Use of Claimant Datasets for Coworker 

Modeling, ORAUT-OTIB-0075, Rev. 00, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, May 25.

ORAUT (Oak Ridge Associated Universities Team), 2010, Discussion of Tritium Coworker Models at 

the Savannah River Site – Part 1, ORAUT-RPRT-0049, Rev. 00, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 

November 23.

ORAUT (Oak Ridge Associated Universities Team), 2011, Parameters to Consider When Processing 

Claims for Construction Trade Workers, ORAUT-OTIB-0052, Rev. 01, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 

February 17.

ORAUT (Oak Ridge Associated Universities Team), 2012, Analysis of Stratified Coworker Datasets, 

ORAUT-RPRT-0053, Rev. 01, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, July 16.

Taulbee, T., 2011, Notes on Savannah River Site personnel data for 1973-1982, National Institute for 

Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, Ohio, September 25. [SRDB Ref ID: 105659]
Document No. ORAUT-RPRT-0055 Revision No. 00 Effective Date: 07/20/2012 Page 24 of 111

Figure A-1. ROS fit for AMWs, 1966.

Figure A-2. ROS fit for AMWs, 1968.

ATTACHMENT A

ROS AND EFFECTIVE FIT PLOTS FOR AMWS, CTW, NONCTWS, AND NONCTW+UNKS

Page 2 of 69

ATTACHMENT A

ROS AND EFFECTIVE FIT PLOTS FOR AMWS, CTW, NONCTWS, AND NONCTW+UNKS

Page 1 of 69
Document No. ORAUT-RPRT-0055 Revision No. 00 Effective Date: 07/20/2012 Page 25 of 111

Figure A-3. ROS fit for AMWs, 1969.

Figure A-4. ROS fit for AMWs, 1970.

ATTACHMENT A

ROS AND EFFECTIVE FIT PLOTS FOR AMWS, CTW, NONCTWS, AND NONCTW+UNKS

Page 2 of 69
Document No. ORAUT-RPRT-0055 Revision No. 00 Effective Date: 07/20/2012 Page 26 of 111

Figure A-5. ROS fit for AMWs, 1971.

Figure A-6. ROS fit for AMWs, 1972.

ATTACHMENT A

ROS AND EFFECTIVE FIT PLOTS FOR AMWS, CTW, NONCTWS, AND NONCTW+UNKS

Page 3 of 69
Document No. ORAUT-RPRT-0055 Revision No. 00 Effective Date: 07/20/2012 Page 27 of 111

Figure A-7. ROS fit for AMWs, 1973.

Figure A-8. ROS fit for AMWs, 1974.

ATTACHMENT A

ROS AND EFFECTIVE FIT PLOTS FOR AMWS, CTW, NONCTWS, AND NONCTW+UNKS

Page 4 of 69
Document No. ORAUT-RPRT-0055 Revision No. 00 Effective Date: 07/20/2012 Page 28 of 111

Figure A-9. ROS fit for AMWs, 1975.

Figure A-10. ROS fit for AMWs, 1976.

ATTACHMENT A

ROS AND EFFECTIVE FIT PLOTS FOR AMWS, CTW, NONCTWS, AND NONCTW+UNKS

Page 5 of 69
Document No. ORAUT-RPRT-0055 Revision No. 00 Effective Date: 07/20/2012 Page 29 of 111

Figure A-11. ROS fit for AMWs, 1977.

Figure A-12. ROS fit for AMWs, 1978.

ATTACHMENT A

ROS AND EFFECTIVE FIT PLOTS FOR AMWS, CTW, NONCTWS, AND NONCTW+UNKS

Page 6 of 69
Document No. ORAUT-RPRT-0055 Revision No. 00 Effective Date: 07/20/2012 Page 30 of 111

Figure A-13. ROS fit for AMWs, 1979.

Figure A-14. ROS fit for AMWs, 1980.

ATTACHMENT A

ROS AND EFFECTIVE FIT PLOTS FOR AMWS, CTW, NONCTWS, AND NONCTW+UNKS

Page 7 of 69
Document No. ORAUT-RPRT-0055 Revision No. 00 Effective Date: 07/20/2012 Page 31 of 111

Figure A-15. ROS fit for AMWs, 1981.

Figure A-16. ROS fit for AMWs, 1982.

ATTACHMENT A

ROS AND EFFECTIVE FIT PLOTS FOR AMWS, CTW, NONCTWS, AND NONCTW+UNKS

Page 8 of 69
Document No. ORAUT-RPRT-0055 Revision No. 00 Effective Date: 07/20/2012 Page 32 of 111

Figure A-17. ROS fit for AMWs, 1983.

Figure A-18. ROS fit for AMWs, 1984.

ATTACHMENT A

ROS AND EFFECTIVE FIT PLOTS FOR AMWS, CTW, NONCTWS, AND NONCTW+UNKS

Page 9 of 69
Document No. ORAUT-RPRT-0055 Revision No. 00 Effective Date: 07/20/2012 Page 33 of 111

Figure A-19. ROS fit for AMWs, 1985.

Figure A-20. ROS fit for AMWs, 1986.

ATTACHMENT A

ROS AND EFFECTIVE FIT PLOTS FOR AMWS, CTW, NONCTWS, AND NONCTW+UNKS

Page 10 of 69
Document No. ORAUT-RPRT-0055 Revision No. 00 Effective Date: 07/20/2012 Page 34 of 111

Figure A-21. ROS fit for AMWs, 1987.

Figure A-22. ROS fit for AMWs, 1988 to 1989.

ATTACHMENT A

ROS AND EFFECTIVE FIT PLOTS FOR AMWS, CTW, NONCTWS, AND NONCTW+UNKS

Page 11 of 69
Document No. ORAUT-RPRT-0055 Revision No. 00 Effective Date: 07/20/2012 Page 35 of 111

Figure A-23. Effective fit for AMWs, 1973.

Figure A-24. Effective fit for AMWs, 1974.

ATTACHMENT A

ROS AND EFFECTIVE FIT PLOTS FOR AMWS, CTW, NONCTWS, AND NONCTW+UNKS

Page 12 of 69
Document No. ORAUT-RPRT-0055 Revision No. 00 Effective Date: 07/20/2012 Page 36 of 111

Figure A-25. Effective fit for AMWs, 1975.

Figure A-26. Effective fit for AMWs, 1976.

ATTACHMENT A

ROS AND EFFECTIVE FIT PLOTS FOR AMWS, CTW, NONCTWS, AND NONCTW+UNKS

Page 13 of 69
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Figure A-27. Effective fit for AMWs, 1977.

Figure A-28. Effective fit for AMWs, 1978.

ATTACHMENT A

ROS AND EFFECTIVE FIT PLOTS FOR AMWS, CTW, NONCTWS, AND NONCTW+UNKS

Page 14 of 69
Document No. ORAUT-RPRT-0055 Revision No. 00 Effective Date: 07/20/2012 Page 38 of 111

Figure A-29. Effective fit for AMWs, 1979.

Figure A-30. Effective fit for AMWs, 1980.

ATTACHMENT A

ROS AND EFFECTIVE FIT PLOTS FOR AMWS, CTW, NONCTWS, AND NONCTW+UNKS

Page 15 of 69
Document No. ORAUT-RPRT-0055 Revision No. 00 Effective Date: 07/20/2012 Page 39 of 111

Figure A-31. Effective fit for AMWs, 1981.

Figure A-32. Effective fit for AMWs, 1982.

ATTACHMENT A

ROS AND EFFECTIVE FIT PLOTS FOR AMWS, CTW, NONCTWS, AND NONCTW+UNKS

Page 16 of 69
Document No. ORAUT-RPRT-0055 Revision No. 00 Effective Date: 07/20/2012 Page 40 of 111

Figure A-33. Effective fit for AMWs, 1983.

Figure A-34. Effective fit for AMWs, 1984.

ATTACHMENT A

ROS AND EFFECTIVE FIT PLOTS FOR AMWS, CTW, NONCTWS, AND NONCTW+UNKS

Page 17 of 69
Document No. ORAUT-RPRT-0055 Revision No. 00 Effective Date: 07/20/2012 Page 41 of 111

Figure A-35. Effective fit for AMWs, 1985.

Figure A-36. Effective fit for AMWs, 1986.

ATTACHMENT A

ROS AND EFFECTIVE FIT PLOTS FOR AMWS, CTW, NONCTWS, AND NONCTW+UNKS

Page 18 of 69
Document No. ORAUT-RPRT-0055 Revision No. 00 Effective Date: 07/20/2012 Page 42 of 111

Figure A-37. Effective fit for AMWs, 1987.

Figure A-38. Effective fit for AMWs, 1988 to 1989.

ATTACHMENT A

ROS AND EFFECTIVE FIT PLOTS FOR AMWS, CTW, NONCTWS, AND NONCTW+UNKS

Page 19 of 69
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Figure A-39. ROS fit for CTWs, 1966 to 1968.

Figure A-40. ROS fit for CTWs, 1969.

ATTACHMENT A

ROS AND EFFECTIVE FIT PLOTS FOR AMWS, CTW, NONCTWS, AND NONCTW+UNKS

Page 20 of 69
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Figure A-41. ROS fit for CTWs, 1970.

Figure A-42. ROS fit for CTWs, 1971.

ATTACHMENT A

ROS AND EFFECTIVE FIT PLOTS FOR AMWS, CTW, NONCTWS, AND NONCTW+UNKS

Page 21 of 69
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Figure A-43. ROS fit for CTWs, 1972.

Figure A-44. ROS fit for CTWs, 1973.

ATTACHMENT A

ROS AND EFFECTIVE FIT PLOTS FOR AMWS, CTW, NONCTWS, AND NONCTW+UNKS

Page 22 of 69
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Figure A-45. ROS fit for CTWs, 1974.

Figure A-46. ROS fit for CTWs, 1975.

ATTACHMENT A

ROS AND EFFECTIVE FIT PLOTS FOR AMWS, CTW, NONCTWS, AND NONCTW+UNKS

Page 23 of 69
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Figure A-47. ROS fit for CTWs, 1976.

Figure A-48. ROS fit for CTWs, 1977.

ATTACHMENT A

ROS AND EFFECTIVE FIT PLOTS FOR AMWS, CTW, NONCTWS, AND NONCTW+UNKS

Page 24 of 69
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Figure A-49. ROS fit for CTWs, 1978.

Figure A-50. ROS fit for CTWs, 1979.

ATTACHMENT A

ROS AND EFFECTIVE FIT PLOTS FOR AMWS, CTW, NONCTWS, AND NONCTW+UNKS

Page 25 of 69
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Figure A-51. ROS fit for CTWs, 1980.

Figure A-52. ROS fit for CTWs, 1981 to 1982.

ATTACHMENT A

ROS AND EFFECTIVE FIT PLOTS FOR AMWS, CTW, NONCTWS, AND NONCTW+UNKS

Page 26 of 69
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Figure A-53. ROS fit for CTWs, 1983.

Figure A-54. ROS fit for CTWs, 1984.

ATTACHMENT A

ROS AND EFFECTIVE FIT PLOTS FOR AMWS, CTW, NONCTWS, AND NONCTW+UNKS

Page 27 of 69
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Figure A-55. ROS fit for CTWs, 1985.

Figure A-56. ROS fit for CTWs, 1986.

ATTACHMENT A

ROS AND EFFECTIVE FIT PLOTS FOR AMWS, CTW, NONCTWS, AND NONCTW+UNKS

Page 28 of 69
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Figure A-57. ROS fit for CTWs, 1987 to 1989.

Figure A-58. Effective fit for CTWs, 1973.

ATTACHMENT A

ROS AND EFFECTIVE FIT PLOTS FOR AMWS, CTW, NONCTWS, AND NONCTW+UNKS

Page 29 of 69
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Figure A-59. Effective fit for CTWs, 1974.

Figure A-60. Effective fit for CTWs, 1975.

ATTACHMENT A

ROS AND EFFECTIVE FIT PLOTS FOR AMWS, CTW, NONCTWS, AND NONCTW+UNKS

Page 30 of 69
Document No. ORAUT-RPRT-0055 Revision No. 00 Effective Date: 07/20/2012 Page 54 of 111

Figure A-61. Effective fit for CTWs, 1976.

Figure A-62. Effective fit for CTWs, 1977.

ATTACHMENT A

ROS AND EFFECTIVE FIT PLOTS FOR AMWS, CTW, NONCTWS, AND NONCTW+UNKS

Page 31 of 69
Document No. ORAUT-RPRT-0055 Revision No. 00 Effective Date: 07/20/2012 Page 55 of 111

Figure A-63. Effective fit for CTWs, 1978.

Figure A-64. Effective fit for CTWs, 1979.

ATTACHMENT A

ROS AND EFFECTIVE FIT PLOTS FOR AMWS, CTW, NONCTWS, AND NONCTW+UNKS

Page 32 of 69
Document No. ORAUT-RPRT-0055 Revision No. 00 Effective Date: 07/20/2012 Page 56 of 111

Figure A-65. Effective fit for CTWs, 1980.

Figure A-66. Effective fit for CTWs, 1981 to 1982.

ATTACHMENT A

ROS AND EFFECTIVE FIT PLOTS FOR AMWS, CTW, NONCTWS, AND NONCTW+UNKS

Page 33 of 69
Document No. ORAUT-RPRT-0055 Revision No. 00 Effective Date: 07/20/2012 Page 57 of 111

Figure A-67. Effective fit for CTWs, 1983.

Figure A-68. Effective fit for CTWs, 1984.

ATTACHMENT A

ROS AND EFFECTIVE FIT PLOTS FOR AMWS, CTW, NONCTWS, AND NONCTW+UNKS

Page 34 of 69
Document No. ORAUT-RPRT-0055 Revision No. 00 Effective Date: 07/20/2012 Page 58 of 111

Figure A-69. Effective fit for CTWs, 1985.

Figure A-70. Effective fit for CTWs, 1986.

ATTACHMENT A

ROS AND EFFECTIVE FIT PLOTS FOR AMWS, CTW, NONCTWS, AND NONCTW+UNKS

Page 35 of 69
Document No. ORAUT-RPRT-0055 Revision No. 00 Effective Date: 07/20/2012 Page 59 of 111

Figure A-71. Effective fit for CTWs, 1987 to 1989.

Figure A-72. ROS fit for nonCTWs, 1966 to 1968.

ATTACHMENT A

ROS AND EFFECTIVE FIT PLOTS FOR AMWS, CTW, NONCTWS, AND NONCTW+UNKS

Page 36 of 69
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Figure A-73. ROS fit for nonCTWs, 1969.

Figure A-74. ROS fit for nonCTWs, 1970.

ATTACHMENT ATTACHMENT A

ROS AND EFFECTIVE FIT PLOTS FOR AMWS, CTW, NONCTWS, AND NONCTW+UNKS

Page 37 of 69
Document No. ORAUT-RPRT-0055 Revision No. 00 Effective Date: 07/20/2012 Page 61 of 111

Figure A-75. ROS fit for nonCTWs, 1971.

Figure A-76. ROS fit for nonCTWs, 1972.

ATTACHMENT A

ROS AND EFFECTIVE FIT PLOTS FOR AMWS, CTW, NONCTWS, AND NONCTW+UNKS

Page 38 of 69
Document No. ORAUT-RPRT-0055 Revision No. 00 Effective Date: 07/20/2012 Page 62 of 111

Figure A-77. ROS fit for nonCTWs, 1973.

Figure A-78. ROS fit for nonCTWs, 1974.

ATTACHMENT A

ROS AND EFFECTIVE FIT PLOTS FOR AMWS, CTW, NONCTWS, AND NONCTW+UNKS

Page 39 of 69
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Figure A-79. ROS fit for nonCTWs, 1975.

Figure A-80. ROS fit for nonCTWs, 1976.

ATTACHMENT A

ROS AND EFFECTIVE FIT PLOTS FOR AMWS, CTW, NONCTWS, AND NONCTW+UNKS

Page 40 of 69
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Figure A-81. ROS fit for nonCTWs, 1977.

 

Figure A-82. ROS fit for nonCTWs, 1978.

ATTACHMENT A

ROS AND EFFECTIVE FIT PLOTS FOR AMWS, CTW, NONCTWS, AND NONCTW+UNKS

Page 41 of 69
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Figure A-83. ROS fit for nonCTWs, 1979.

Figure A-84. ROS fit for nonCTWs, 1980.

ATTACHMENT A

ROS AND EFFECTIVE FIT PLOTS FOR AMWS, CTW, NONCTWS, AND NONCTW+UNKS

Page 42 of 69
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Figure A-85. ROS fit for nonCTWs, 1981 to 1982.

Figure A-86. ROS fit for nonCTWs, 1983.

ATTACHMENT A

ROS AND EFFECTIVE FIT PLOTS FOR AMWS, CTW, NONCTWS, AND NONCTW+UNKS

Page 43 of 69
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Figure A-87. ROS fit for nonCTWs, 1984.

Figure A-88. ROS fit for nonCTWs, 1985.

ATTACHMENT A

ROS AND EFFECTIVE FIT PLOTS FOR AMWS, CTW, NONCTWS, AND NONCTW+UNKS

Page 44 of 69
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Figure A-89. ROS fit for nonCTWs, 1986.

Figure A-90. ROS fit for nonCTWs, 1987 to 1989.

ATTACHMENT A

ROS AND EFFECTIVE FIT PLOTS FOR AMWS, CTW, NONCTWS, AND NONCTW+UNKS

Page 45 of 69
Document No. ORAUT-RPRT-0055 Revision No. 00 Effective Date: 07/20/2012 Page 69 of 111

Figure A-91. Effective fit for nonCTWs, 1973.

Figure A-92. Effective fit for nonCTWs, 1974.

ATTACHMENT A

ROS AND EFFECTIVE FIT PLOTS FOR AMWS, CTW, NONCTWS, AND NONCTW+UNKS

Page 46 of 69
Document No. ORAUT-RPRT-0055 Revision No. 00 Effective Date: 07/20/2012 Page 70 of 111

Figure A-93. Effective fit for nonCTWs, 1975.

Figure A-94. Effective fit for nonCTWs, 1976.

ATTACHMENT A

ROS AND EFFECTIVE FIT PLOTS FOR AMWS, CTW, NONCTWS, AND NONCTW+UNKS

Page 47 of 69
Document No. ORAUT-RPRT-0055 Revision No. 00 Effective Date: 07/20/2012 Page 71 of 111

Figure A-95. Effective fit for nonCTWs, 1977.

Figure A-96. Effective fit for nonCTWs, 1978.

ATTACHMENT A

ROS AND EFFECTIVE FIT PLOTS FOR AMWS, CTW, NONCTWS, AND NONCTW+UNKS

Page 48 of 69
Document No. ORAUT-RPRT-0055 Revision No. 00 Effective Date: 07/20/2012 Page 72 of 111

Figure A-97. Effective fit for nonCTWs, 1979.

Figure A-98. Effective fit for nonCTWs, 1980.

ATTACHMENT A

ROS AND EFFECTIVE FIT PLOTS FOR AMWS, CTW, NONCTWS, AND NONCTW+UNKS

Page 49 of 69
Document No. ORAUT-RPRT-0055 Revision No. 00 Effective Date: 07/20/2012 Page 73 of 111

Figure A-99. Effective fit for nonCTWs, 1981 to 1982.

Figure A-100. Effective fit for nonCTWs, 1983.

ATTACHMENT A

ROS AND EFFECTIVE FIT PLOTS FOR AMWS, CTW, NONCTWS, AND NONCTW+UNKS

Page 50 of 69
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Figure A-101. Effective fit for nonCTWs, 1984.

Figure A-102. Effective fit for nonCTWs, 1985.

ATTACHMENT A

ROS AND EFFECTIVE FIT PLOTS FOR AMWS, CTW, NONCTWS, AND NONCTW+UNKS

Page 51 of 69
Document No. ORAUT-RPRT-0055 Revision No. 00 Effective Date: 07/20/2012 Page 75 of 111

Figure A-103. Effective fit for nonCTWs, 1986.

Figure A-104. Effective fit for nonCTWs, 1987 to 1989.

ATTACHMENT A

ROS AND EFFECTIVE FIT PLOTS FOR AMWS, CTW, NONCTWS, AND NONCTW+UNKS

Page 52 of 69
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Figure A-105. ROS fit for nonCTWs+unk, 1966 to 1968.

Figure A-106. ROS fit for nonCTWs+unk, 1969.

ATTACHMENT A

ROS AND EFFECTIVE FIT PLOTS FOR AMWS, CTW, NONCTWS, AND NONCTW+UNKS

Page 53 of 69
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Figure A-107. ROS fit for nonCTWs+unk, 1970.

Figure A-108. ROS fit for nonCTWs+unk, 1971.

ATTACHMENT A

ROS AND EFFECTIVE FIT PLOTS FOR AMWS, CTW, NONCTWS, AND NONCTW+UNKS

Page 54 of 69
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Figure A-109. ROS fit for nonCTWs+unk, 1972.

Figure A-110. ROS fit for nonCTWs+unk, 1973.

ATTACHMENT A

ROS AND EFFECTIVE FIT PLOTS FOR AMWS, CTW, NONCTWS, AND NONCTW+UNKS

Page 55 of 69
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Figure A-111. ROS fit for nonCTWs+unk, 1974.

Figure A-112. ROS fit for nonCTWs+unk, 1975.

ATTACHMENT A

ROS AND EFFECTIVE FIT PLOTS FOR AMWS, CTW, NONCTWS, AND NONCTW+UNKS

Page 56 of 69
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Figure A-113. ROS fit for nonCTWs+unk, 1976.

Figure A-114. ROS fit for nonCTWs+unk, 1977.

ATTACHMENT A

ROS AND EFFECTIVE FIT PLOTS FOR AMWS, CTW, NONCTWS, AND NONCTW+UNKS

Page 57 of 69
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Figure A-115. ROS fit for nonCTWs+unk, 1978.

Figure A-116. ROS fit for nonCTWs+unk, 1979.

ATTACHMENT A

ROS AND EFFECTIVE FIT PLOTS FOR AMWS, CTW, NONCTWS, AND NONCTW+UNKS

Page 58 of 69
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ATTACHMENT A

ROS AND EFFECTIVE FIT PLOTS FOR AMWS, CTW, NONCTWS, AND NONCTW+UNKS

Page 59 of 69

Figure A-117. ROS fit for nonCTWs+unk, 1980.

Figure A-118. ROS fit for nonCTWs+unk, 1981 to 1982.
Document No. ORAUT-RPRT-0055 Revision No. 00 Effective Date: 07/20/2012 Page 83 of 111

Figure A-119. ROS fit for nonCTWs+unk, 1983.

Figure A-120. ROS fit for nonCTWs+unk, 1984.

ATTACHMENT A

ROS AND EFFECTIVE FIT PLOTS FOR AMWS, CTW, NONCTWS, AND NONCTW+UNKS

Page 60 of 69
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Figure A-121. ROS fit for nonCTWs+unk, 1985.

Figure A-122. ROS fit for nonCTWs+unk, 1986.

ATTACHMENT A

ROS AND EFFECTIVE FIT PLOTS FOR AMWS, CTW, NONCTWS, AND NONCTW+UNKS

Page 61 of 69
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Figure A-123. ROS fit for nonCTWs+unk, 1987 to 1989.

Figure A-124. Effective fit for nonCTWs+unk, 1973.

ATTACHMENT A

ROS AND EFFECTIVE FIT PLOTS FOR AMWS, CTW, NONCTWS, AND NONCTW+UNKS

Page 62 of 69
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Figure A-125. Effective fit for nonCTWs+unk, 1974.

Figure A-126. Effective fit for nonCTWs+unk, 1975.

ATTACHMENT A

ROS AND EFFECTIVE FIT PLOTS FOR AMWS, CTW, NONCTWS, AND NONCTW+UNKS

Page 63 of 69
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Figure A-127. Effective fit for nonCTWs+unk, 1976.

Figure A-128. Effective fit for nonCTWs+unk, 1977.

ATTACHMENT A

ROS AND EFFECTIVE FIT PLOTS FOR AMWS, CTW, NONCTWS, AND NONCTW+UNKS

Page 64 of 69
Document No. ORAUT-RPRT-0055 Revision No. 00 Effective Date: 07/20/2012 Page 88 of 111

Figure A-129. Effective fit for nonCTWs+unk, 1978.

Figure A-130. Effective fit for nonCTWs+unk, 1979.

ATTACHMENT A

ROS AND EFFECTIVE FIT PLOTS FOR AMWS, CTW, NONCTWS, AND NONCTW+UNKS

Page 65 of 69
Document No. ORAUT-RPRT-0055 Revision No. 00 Effective Date: 07/20/2012 Page 89 of 111

Figure A-131. Effective fit for nonCTWs+unk, 1980.

Figure A-132. Effective fit for nonCTWs+unk, 1981 to 1982.

ATTACHMENT A

ROS AND EFFECTIVE FIT PLOTS FOR AMWS, CTW, NONCTWS, AND NONCTW+UNKS

Page 66 of 69
Document No. ORAUT-RPRT-0055 Revision No. 00 Effective Date: 07/20/2012 Page 90 of 111

Figure A-133. Effective fit for nonCTWs+unk, 1983.

Figure A-134. Effective fit for nonCTWs+unk, 1984.

ATTACHMENT A

ROS AND EFFECTIVE FIT PLOTS FOR AMWS, CTW, NONCTWS, AND NONCTW+UNKS

Page 67 of 69
Document No. ORAUT-RPRT-0055 Revision No. 00 Effective Date: 07/20/2012 Page 91 of 111

Figure A-135. Effective fit for nonCTWs+unk, 1985.

Figure A-136. Effective fit for nonCTWs+unk, 1986.

ATTACHMENT A

ROS AND EFFECTIVE FIT PLOTS FOR AMWS, CTW, NONCTWS, AND NONCTW+UNKS

Page 68 of 69
Document No. ORAUT-RPRT-0055 Revision No. 00 Effective Date: 07/20/2012 Page 92 of 111

Figure A-137. Effective fit for nonCTWs+unk, 1987 to 1989.

ATTACHMENT A

ROS AND EFFECTIVE FIT PLOTS FOR AMWS, CTW, NONCTWS, AND NONCTW+UNKS

Page 69 of 69
Document No. ORAUT-RPRT-0055 Revision No. 00 Effective Date: 07/20/2012 Page 93 of 111

Figure B-1. Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW, 1966 to 1968.

Figure B-2. Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW, 1969.

ATTACHMENT B

PETO-PRENTICE PLOTS FOR CTW:NONCTW AND CTW:NONCTW+UNK COMPARISONS

Page 1 of 19
Document No. ORAUT-RPRT-0055 Revision No. 00 Effective Date: 07/20/2012 Page 94 of 111

Figure B-3. Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW, 1970.

Figure B-4. Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW, 1971.

ATTACHMENT B

PETO-PRENTICE PLOTS FOR CTW:NONCTW AND CTW:NONCTW+UNK COMPARISONS

Page 2 of 19
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Figure B-5. Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW, 1972.

Figure B-6. Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW, 1973.

ATTACHMENT B

PETO-PRENTICE PLOTS FOR CTW:NONCTW AND CTW:NONCTW+UNK COMPARISONS

Page 3 of 19
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Figure B-7. Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW, 1974.

Figure B-8. Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW, 1975.

ATTACHMENT B

PETO-PRENTICE PLOTS FOR CTW:NONCTW AND CTW:NONCTW+UNK COMPARISONS

Page 4 of 19
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Figure B-9. Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW, 1976.

Figure B-10. Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW, 1977.

ATTACHMENT B

PETO-PRENTICE PLOTS FOR CTW:NONCTW AND CTW:NONCTW+UNK COMPARISONS

Page 5 of 19
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Figure B-11. Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW, 1978.

Figure B-12. Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW, 1979.

ATTACHMENT B

PETO-PRENTICE PLOTS FOR CTW:NONCTW AND CTW:NONCTW+UNK COMPARISONS

Page 6 of 19
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Figure B-13. Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW, 1980.

Figure B-14. Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW, 1981 to 1982.

ATTACHMENT B

PETO-PRENTICE PLOTS FOR CTW:NONCTW AND CTW:NONCTW+UNK COMPARISONS

Page 7 of 19
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Figure B-15. Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW, 1983.

Figure B-16. Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW, 1984.

ATTACHMENT B

PETO-PRENTICE PLOTS FOR CTW:NONCTW AND CTW:NONCTW+UNK COMPARISONS

Page 8 of 19
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Figure B-17. Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW, 1985.

Figure B-18. Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW, 1986.

ATTACHMENT B

PETO-PRENTICE PLOTS FOR CTW:NONCTW AND CTW:NONCTW+UNK COMPARISONS

Page 9 of 19
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Figure B-19. Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW, 1987 to 1989.

Figure B-20. Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW+unk, 1966 to 1968.

ATTACHMENT B

PETO-PRENTICE PLOTS FOR CTW:NONCTW AND CTW:NONCTW+UNK COMPARISONS

Page 10 of 19
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Figure B-21. Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW+unk, 1969.

Figure B-22. Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW+unk, 1970.

ATTACHMENT B

PETO-PRENTICE PLOTS FOR CTW:NONCTW AND CTW:NONCTW+UNK COMPARISONS

Page 11 of 19
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Figure B-23. Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW+unk, 1971.

Figure B-24. Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW+unk, 1972.

ATTACHMENT B

PETO-PRENTICE PLOTS FOR CTW:NONCTW AND CTW:NONCTW+UNK COMPARISONS

Page 12 of 19
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Figure B-25. Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW+unk, 1973.

Figure B-26. Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW+unk, 1974.

ATTACHMENT B

PETO-PRENTICE PLOTS FOR CTW:NONCTW AND CTW:NONCTW+UNK COMPARISONS

Page 13 of 19
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Figure B-27. Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW+unk, 1975.

Figure B-28. Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW+unk, 1976.

ATTACHMENT B

PETO-PRENTICE PLOTS FOR CTW:NONCTW AND CTW:NONCTW+UNK COMPARISONS

Page 14 of 19
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Figure B-29. Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW+unk, 1977.

Figure B-30. Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW+unk, 1978.

ATTACHMENT B

PETO-PRENTICE PLOTS FOR CTW:NONCTW AND CTW:NONCTW+UNK COMPARISONS

Page 15 of 19
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Figure B-31. Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW+unk, 1979.

Figure B-32. Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW+unk, 1980.

ATTACHMENT B

PETO-PRENTICE PLOTS FOR CTW:NONCTW AND CTW:NONCTW+UNK COMPARISONS

Page 16 of 19
Document No. ORAUT-RPRT-0055 Revision No. 00 Effective Date: 07/20/2012 Page 109 of 111

Figure B-33. Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW+unk, 1981 to 1982.

Figure B-34. Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW+unk, 1983.

ATTACHMENT B

PETO-PRENTICE PLOTS FOR CTW:NONCTW AND CTW:NONCTW+UNK COMPARISONS

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Document No. ORAUT-RPRT-0055 Revision No. 00 Effective Date: 07/20/2012 Page 110 of 111

Figure B-35. Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW+unk, 1984.

Figure B-36. Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW+unk, 1985.

ATTACHMENT B

PETO-PRENTICE PLOTS FOR CTW:NONCTW AND CTW:NONCTW+UNK COMPARISONS

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Document No. ORAUT-RPRT-0055 Revision No. 00 Effective Date: 07/20/2012 Page 111 of 111

Figure B-37. Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW+unk, 1986.

Figure B-38. Peto-Prentice test for CTW:nonCTW+unk, 1987 to 1989.

ATTACHMENT B

PETO-PRENTICE PLOTS FOR CTW:NONCTW AND CTW:NONCTW+UNK COMPARISONS

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