HHS Special Exposure Cohort Designation:

Joslyn Manufacturing and Supply Co., Fort Wayne, Indiana

HHS Designation of Additional Members of the 

Special Exposure Cohort 

under the 

Energy Employees Occupational Illness Compensation Program Act of 2000 

Designating a Class of Employees 

Joslyn Manufacturing and Supply Co.

Fort Wayne, Indiana
HHS Special Exposure Cohort Designation:

Joslyn Manufacturing and Supply Co., Fort Wayne, Indiana

Page 2

I. Designation 

I, Kathleen Sebelius, Secretary of the Department of Health and Human Services, designate the class 

of employees defined in Section II of this report for addition to the Special Exposure Cohort (SEC), 

as authorized under the Energy Employees Occupational Illness Compensation Program Act of 2000 

(EEOICPA), 42 U.S.C. § 7384q.

March 27, 2014 [Signature on File]

Date Kathleen Sebelius

II. Employee Class Definition

All Atomic Weapons Employees who worked for Joslyn Manufacturing and Supply Co. at 

the covered facility in Fort Wayne, Indiana, from March 1, 1943, through July 31, 1948, for a 

number of work days aggregating at least 250 work days, occurring either solely under this 

employment, or in combination with work days within the parameters established for one or 

more other classes of employees included in the Special Exposure Cohort.

III. Designation Criteria and Recommendations

Pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 7384q, for the class defined in Section II of this report, the Secretary has 

determined, and the Advisory Board on Radiation and Worker Health (Board) has recommended, that

(1) it is not feasible to estimate with sufficient accuracy the radiation dose that the class received; 

and

(2) there is a reasonable likelihood that such radiation dose may have endangered the health of 

members of the class.

The SEC final rule states in 42 C.F.R. § 83.13(c)(1) that it is feasible in two situations to estimate the 

radiation dose that the class received with sufficient accuracy. First, the rule states that radiation 

doses may be estimated with sufficient accuracy if NIOSH has established that it has access to 

sufficient information to estimate the maximum radiation dose, for every type of cancer for which 

radiation doses are reconstructed, that could have been incurred under plausible circumstances by any 

member of the class. Alternatively, radiation doses may be estimated with sufficient accuracy if 

NIOSH has established that it has access to sufficient information to estimate the radiation doses of 

members of the class more precisely than a maximum dose estimate.

NIOSH determined that there is insufficient information to estimate the radiation dose of individual 

members of the class with sufficient accuracy under the two abovementioned situations. The Board, 

pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 7384q, advised the Secretary to designate the class as an addition to the SEC 

in a letter received by the Secretary on February 25, 2014.
HHS Special Exposure Cohort Designation:

Joslyn Manufacturing and Supply Co., Fort Wayne, Indiana

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IV. Designation Findings

Infeasibility of Estimating Radiation Doses with Sufficient Accuracy

The Secretary designates the class of employees covered by this report based upon the findings 

summarized below.

• Principal sources of internal radiation for members of the proposed class included exposures 

to uranium and uranium oxides released into the work environment during the production and 

shaping of uranium metal rods. There was also potential for internal exposure to airborne 

thorium released on two days as a result of experimental centerless grinding of thorium rods 

in 1946 and early 1947.

• The limited air sampling conducted at the time was based on mass samples collected by 

electrostatic precipitation. NIOSH does not have adequate information regarding the 

accuracy and uncertainties of this methodology and is not fully aware of the limitations and 

biases associated with this sample collection method. NIOSH was also not able to locate 

personnel monitoring data that could be used to support the limited air monitoring results.

• NIOSH lacks sufficient information, which includes specific biological monitoring data, air 

monitoring, process and radiological source information, and surrogate data from similar 

operations at other sites that would allow it to estimate the total internal dose for workers at 

the Joslyn Manufacturing and Supply Co. facility in Fort Wayne, Indiana, during the period 

from March 1, 1943, through July 31, 1948. 

• Principal sources of external radiation for members of the proposed class included exposures 

to gamma and beta radiation associated with handling and working in proximity to natural 

uranium and thorium metals during machining operations. 

• NIOSH did not identify any external monitoring records, external area monitoring data, or 

personal dosimetry data associated with the uranium and thorium processing conducted 

during the period evaluated. However, NIOSH obtained data consisting of source term data 

in the form of shipping transactions and accountability and contractual recordings of uranium 

materials to be machined at Joslyn. In light of this information, NIOSH concluded that 

sufficient data and information are available to estimate a bounding external dose from 

uranium and thorium by using the assumptions and approaches presented in Battelle-TBD6000.

• NIOSH concluded that it is feasible to reconstruct external doses, including the medical x-ray 

dose, with sufficient accuracy for Joslyn employees who worked at the covered facility 

during the period from March 1, 1943, through December 31, 1952.

• NIOSH determined that members of this class may have received internal and external

radiation exposures from working with or near uranium and thorium metal, and documented 

that it cannot complete the dose reconstructions related to this petition with sufficient

accuracy for Joslyn employees who worked at the covered facility during the period from 

March 1, 1943, through July 31, 1948. The basis of this finding demonstrates that NIOSH 

does not have access to sufficient information to estimate either the maximum radiation dose 

incurred by any member of the class or to estimate such radiation doses more precisely than a 

maximum dose estimate for that period.
HHS Special Exposure Cohort Designation:

Joslyn Manufacturing and Supply Co., Fort Wayne, Indiana

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• Although NIOSH found that it is not possible to completely reconstruct radiation doses for 

the proposed class, NIOSH intends to use any internal monitoring data that may become 

available for an individual claim (and that can be interpreted using existing NIOSH dose 

reconstruction processes or procedures). Therefore, dose reconstructions for individuals 

employed at Joslyn during the period from March 1, 1943, through July 31, 1948, but who do 

not qualify for inclusion in the SEC, may be performed using these data as appropriate.

• Pursuant to 42 C.F.R. § 83.13(c)(1), NIOSH determined that there is insufficient information 

to either: (1) estimate the maximum radiation dose, for every type of cancer for which 

radiation doses are reconstructed, that could have been incurred under plausible 

circumstances by any member of the class; or (2) estimate the radiation doses of members of 

the class more precisely than a maximum dose estimate.

• The Board concurred with NIOSH’s recommendation to add the proposed class of workers to 

the SEC.

Health Endangerment

The Secretary established the health endangerment determination for the class of employees covered 

by this report based upon the findings summarized below.

(1) Pursuant to 42 C.F.R. § 83.13(c)(3), NIOSH established that there is a reasonable likelihood 

that such radiation doses may have endangered the health of members of the class. Pursuant 

to 42 C.F.R. § 83.13(c)(3)(ii), NIOSH specified a minimum duration of employment to satisfy 

this health endangerment criterion as “having been employed for a number of work days 

aggregating at least 250 work days within the parameters established for this class or in 

combination with work days within the parameters (excluding aggregate work day 

requirements) established for one or more other classes of employees in the Cohort.”

(2) NIOSH did not identify any evidence from the petitioners or from other resources that would 

establish that the class was exposed to radiation during a discrete incident likely to have

involved exceptionally high-level exposures, such as a nuclear criticality incident, as defined 

under 42 C.F.R. § 83.13(c)(3)(i). 

(3) The Board concurred with NIOSH’s finding that the health of the class may have been 

endangered and defined the class according to the 250-work day requirement specified under 

42 C.F.R. § 83.13(c)(3)(ii).

V. Effect and Effective Date of Designation

The Secretary submits this report on the designation of one additional class to the SEC for review by 

Congress, pursuant to 42 U.S.C. §§ 7384l(14)(C)(ii) and 7384q(c)(2)(A), as amended by the Ronald 

W. Reagan National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2005, Pub. L. No. 108-375 (codified 

as amended in scattered sections of 42 U.S.C.). Pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 7384l(14)(C)(ii), as amended 

by the Ronald W. Reagan National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2005, Pub. L. No. 108-

375 (codified as amended in scattered sections of 42 U.S.C.), the designation in this report will 

become effective 30 days after the date of this report’s submission to Congress “unless Congress 

otherwise provides.”
HHS Special Exposure Cohort Designation:

Joslyn Manufacturing and Supply Co., Fort Wayne, Indiana

Page 5

VI. Administrative Review of Designation

The health endangerment determination of the designation provided in this report may be subject to 

an administrative review within HHS, pursuant to 42 C.F.R. § 83.18(a). On the basis of such a 

review, if the Secretary decides to expand the class of employees covered by this designation, the 

Secretary would transmit a supplementary report to Congress providing the expanded employee class 

definition and the criteria and findings on which the decision was based.