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[Congressional Bills 115th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H.R. 5996 Introduced in House (IH)]

<DOC>

115th CONGRESS
  2d Session
                                H. R. 5996

 To reauthorize and amend the Coral Reef Conservation Act of 2000, and 
                          for other purposes.

_______________________________________________________________________

                    IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

                              June 5, 2018

    Ms. Bordallo (for herself, Mr. Soto, Ms. Wasserman Schultz, Mr. 
Hastings, Mr. Crist, Ms. Castor of Florida, Ms. Hanabusa, Ms. Gabbard, 
Mrs. Radewagen, Miss Gonzalez-Colon of Puerto Rico, Mr. Rutherford, Mr. 
  Sablan, Ms. Plaskett, and Mr. Mast) introduced the following bill; 
   which was referred to the Committee on Natural Resources, and in 
    addition to the Committee on the Judiciary, for a period to be 
subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration 
  of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee 
                               concerned

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL

 
 To reauthorize and amend the Coral Reef Conservation Act of 2000, and 
                          for other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.

    (a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ``Coral Reef 
Conservation Reauthorization Act of 2018''.
    (b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents for this Act is as 
follows:

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.
       TITLE I--AMENDMENTS TO CORAL REEF CONSERVATION ACT OF 2000

Sec. 101. Revisions to purposes of Coral Reef Conservation Act of 2000.
Sec. 102. Revisions to National Coral Reef Action Strategy.
Sec. 103. Revisions to Coral Reef Conservation Grant Program.
Sec. 104. Coral reef public-private partnership.
Sec. 105. Revisions to emergency assistance.
Sec. 106. Revisions to National Program.
Sec. 107. Revisions to effectiveness reports.
Sec. 108. Establishment of United States Coral Reef Task Force.
Sec. 109. Agreements.
Sec. 110. Permits.
Sec. 111. Regulations.
Sec. 112. Use of recovered amounts.
Sec. 113. Revisions to authorization of appropriations.
Sec. 114. Revisions to definitions.
Sec. 115. Conforming and clerical amendments.
      TITLE II--DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR CORAL REEF AUTHORITIES

Sec. 201. Coral reef conservation and assistance.
Sec. 202. National coral reef action strategy.
Sec. 203. USGS Coral Reef Ecosystem Studies Program.
Sec. 204. Use of recovered amounts.
Sec. 205. Authorization of appropriations.
Sec. 206. Definitions.
   TITLE III--AMENDMENTS TO NATIONAL FISHING ENHANCEMENT ACT OF 1984

Sec. 301. Revisions to National Fishing Enhancement Act of 1984.
                   TITLE IV--MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS

Sec. 401. Stock assessments under Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation 
                            and Management Act.
Sec. 402. Measures to combat invasive lionfish.

       TITLE I--AMENDMENTS TO CORAL REEF CONSERVATION ACT OF 2000

SEC. 101. REVISIONS TO PURPOSES OF CORAL REEF CONSERVATION ACT OF 2000.

    Section 202 of the Coral Reef Conservation Act of 2000 (16 U.S.C. 
6401) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (5), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (2) in paragraph (6), by striking the period at the end and 
        inserting ``; and''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(7) to ensure healthy and resilient coral reefs for the 
        benefit of island and coastal communities and the United 
        States.''.

SEC. 102. REVISIONS TO NATIONAL CORAL REEF ACTION STRATEGY.

    (a) In General.--Section 203 of the Coral Reef Conservation Act of 
2000 (16 U.S.C. 6402) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) by inserting ``Natural'' before ``Resources'';
                    (B) by striking ``this national strategy'' and 
                inserting ``the national coral reef action strategy or 
                any review or revision to such strategy'';
                    (C) by striking ``may consult'' and inserting 
                ``shall consult''; and
                    (D) by striking ``Executive Order 13089 (June 11, 
                1998)'' and inserting ``section 209''; and
            (2) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by 
                striking ``goals and objectives as well as an 
                implementation plan'' and inserting ``goals, 
                objectives, and an implementation plan'';
                    (B) in paragraph (7), by striking ``and'' at the 
                end;
                    (C) by amending paragraph (8) to read as follows:
            ``(8) conservation, including how the use of marine 
        protected areas to serve as replenishment zones will be 
        developed consistent with local practices and traditions and in 
        cooperation with, and with respect for the scientific, 
        technical, and management expertise and responsibilities of, 
        State fish and wildlife management agencies;''.
                    (D) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(9) the condition of coral reefs located within maritime 
        areas and zones subject to the jurisdiction or control of the 
        United States;
            ``(10) emerging threats to coral health, including changes 
        in ocean temperature and chemistry and such threats identified 
        under section 204(d)(3);
            ``(11) adaptive management approaches with clearly 
        identifiable, measurable, and science-based goals; and
            ``(12) restoration efforts, including improving coral reef 
        resiliency.''.
    (b) Deadline.--Not later than 3 years after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall review and revise the 
national coral reef action strategy developed under section 203 of the 
Coral Reef Conservation Act of 2000 (16 U.S.C. 6402).

SEC. 103. REVISIONS TO CORAL REEF CONSERVATION GRANT PROGRAM.

    Section 204 of the Coral Reef Conservation Act of 2000 (16 U.S.C. 
6403) is amended--
            (1) in the heading, by inserting ``grant'' before 
        ``program'';
            (2) in subsection (d)--
                    (A) in the heading, by striking ``Geographic and 
                Biological'' and inserting ``Distribution of Grants'';
                    (B) in the language preceding paragraph (1), by 
                striking ``subsection (b)'' and inserting ``subsection 
                (a)''; and
                    (C) by amending paragraph (3) to read as follows:
            ``(3) Remaining funds shall be awarded for projects that 
        address priorities or emerging threats identified by the 
        Secretary in consultation with the United States Coral Reef 
        Task Force, including--
                    ``(A) bleaching;
                    ``(B) mortality events;
                    ``(C) disease outbreaks;
                    ``(D) harmful algal blooms;
                    ``(E) invasive or nuisance species outbreaks;
                    ``(F) land-based sources of pollution;
                    ``(G) overfishing;
                    ``(H) ocean acidification;
                    ``(I) coral reef restoration efforts; and
                    ``(J) regional or international priorities or 
                threats.
            ``(4) To the extent practicable, the Secretary shall 
        prioritize grants to a natural resource management authority of 
        a State that is represented on the United States Coral Reef 
        Task Force.'';
            (3) in subsection (f), by adding at the end the following:
            ``(3) Applicants seeking immediate release of funds.--
        Notwithstanding any other provision of this subsection, if an 
        applicant for assistance under this section seeks an immediate 
        release of such assistance to respond to an emergency, the 
        Secretary--
                    ``(A) shall by not later than 15 days after the 
                date of receipt of the application for assistance, 
                conduct a preliminary review of the proposed project 
                and determine whether it qualifies for such a release; 
                and
                    ``(B) if the project so qualifies, may--
                            ``(i) immediately release up to 50 percent 
                        of the total amount of assistance for which the 
                        Secretary estimates the project will qualify; 
                        and
                            ``(ii) release the remainder of the total 
                        amount for which the project qualifies after 
                        providing written notification of approval of 
                        the project in accordance with paragraph 
                        (2)(D).'';
            (4) in subsection (g)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1), by inserting ``and resilient 
                coral reef ecosystems'' after ``coral reefs''; and
                    (B) by amending paragraph (4) to read as follows:
            ``(4) developing sound scientific information on the 
        condition of coral reef ecosystems, threats to such ecosystems 
        or the biodiversity of such ecosystems, the impacts of such 
        threats, and potential interventions to address such 
        threats;''.
                    (C) in paragraph (5), by striking ``to implement'' 
                and inserting ``the implementation of'';
                    (D) in paragraph (6), by inserting ``, including 
                how coral reefs function to protect island and coastal 
                communities'' after ``conservation'';
                    (E) by amending paragraph (7) to read as follows:
            ``(7) mapping the location, distribution, and biodiversity, 
        including taxonomic classification and related research, of 
        coral reefs and coral reef ecosystems;'';
                    (F) in paragraph (8), by inserting ``and coral reef 
                ecosystems'' after ``reefs'';
                    (G) in paragraph (9), by striking ``or'';
                    (H) by amending paragraph (10) to read as follows:
            ``(10) preventing or minimizing the likelihood of vessel 
        impacts on coral reefs, particularly those areas and any at-
        risk reefs identified under section 207(d), including by 
        promoting ecologically sound navigation and anchorages near 
        coral reefs;''; and
                    (I) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(11) responding to, or taking action to mitigate the 
        effects of, coral bleaching, disease, harmful algal blooms, 
        ocean acidification, or other changes in ocean temperature and 
        chemistry;
            ``(12) developing and implementing innovative ecological 
        interventions to build or maintain coral reef resistance and 
        resilience to stressors;
            ``(13) developing and implementing innovative invasive or 
        nuisance species capture, collection, removal, or trapping 
        methods for use around coral reefs;
            ``(14) developing and implementing cost-effective methods 
        to restore degraded, native coral reef ecosystems, with an 
        emphasis on techniques to advance coral recovery, growth, or 
        resiliency;
            ``(15) research on coral diseases, including the prevention 
        and treatment of such diseases;
            ``(16) understanding and cataloging coral genetic 
        diversity, including research into traits that promote 
        resilience and applying such research to coral reef restoration 
        efforts;
            ``(17) developing in situ native coral propagation sites 
        for use in coral reef restoration projects;
            ``(18) developing networks of ex situ coral propagation 
        nurseries for conservation, including genetic banking, captive 
        breeding of rare species, and captive breeding of resilient 
        coral populations for use in coral reef restoration projects;
            ``(19) developing networks of improved, real-time water 
        quality monitoring along coral reefs, especially reefs impacted 
        by land-based sources of pollution including coastal runoff, 
        sediment erosion and turbidity, and harmful algal blooms;
            ``(20) implementing research and restoration projects that 
        help ensure the population viability of listed coral species in 
        United States waters as detailed in the population-based 
        recovery criteria included in species-specific recovery plans 
        consistent with the Endangered Species Act of 1973 (1625 U.S.C. 
        1531 et seq.); or
            ``(21) supporting community-based planning and management 
        initiatives for the protection of coral reef ecosystems 
        identified by the community, scientific experts, or the United 
        States Coral Reef Task Force as a high priority that--
                    ``(A) support attainment of criteria described in 
                subsection (g);
                    ``(B) utilize, where applicable, watershed-based or 
                ecosystem-based approaches;
                    ``(C) provide for coordination with Federal and 
                State experts and managers;
                    ``(D) build upon local approaches or models, 
                including traditional or island-based resource 
                management concepts; and
                    ``(E) complement local action strategies or 
                regional plans for coral reef conservation efforts, as 
                applicable.''; and
            (5) in subsection (j), by striking ``this Act'' and 
        inserting ``the Coral Reef Conservation Reauthorization Act of 
        2018''.

SEC. 104. CORAL REEF PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP.

    Section 205 of the Coral Reef Conservation Act of 2000 (16 U.S.C. 
6404) is amended--
            (1) in the heading, by striking ``coral reef conservation 
        fund'' and inserting ``coral reef public-private partnership'';
            (2) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) by striking ``Fund'' and inserting ``Public-
                Private Partnership'';
                    (B) by striking ``, hereafter referred to as the 
                Fund,''; and
                    (C) by striking ``organization solely'' and all 
                that follows and inserting ``organization--
                    ``(A) to support public-private partnerships that 
                further the purposes of this title and are consistent 
                with the national coral reef action strategy under 
                section 203;
                    ``(B) to address emergency response actions 
                undertaken or authorized under section 206; and
                    ``(C) to support activities that prevent damage to 
                coral reefs, including any at-risk reefs identified 
                under section 207(d).''.
            (3) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) by striking ``Fund'' and inserting ``separate 
                interest bearing account''; and
                    (B) by adding at the end the following: ``The 
                organization is encouraged to solicit donations, 
                funding, and in-kind services from the private sector, 
                including nongovernmental organizations, for emergency 
                response actions under section 206 and for activities 
                to prevent damage to coral reefs, including any at-risk 
                reefs identified under section 207(d).''.

SEC. 105. REVISIONS TO EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE.

    Section 206 of the Coral Reef Conservation Act of 2000 (16 U.S.C. 
6405) is amended to read as follows:

``SEC. 206. EMERGENCY RESPONSE AND ASSISTANCE.

    ``(a) Federal Emergency Assistance.--The Secretary may provide 
assistance, including issuing emergency grants and contracts, 
equipment, and technical assistance, to support a request from any 
State or local government agency with jurisdiction over a coral reef, 
or any entity contracted to act on behalf of a State or local 
government agency, to address an emergency pertaining to the coral reef 
or coral reef ecosystem. The costs of such assistance provided by the 
Secretary may be provided from an appropriate account in the Damage 
Assessment Restoration Revolving Fund established by the Department of 
Commerce Appropriations Act, 1991 (33 U.S.C. 2706 note).
    ``(b) Federal Emergency Action.--In coordination with other 
Federal, State, or local government agencies as practicable, the 
appropriate Federal official may undertake or authorize all actions 
necessary to--
            ``(1) prevent or minimize the imminent destruction, loss, 
        or taking of, or injury to a coral reef, from--
                    ``(A) vessel impacts, including anchors, anchor 
                chains, boat moorings, groundings, and abandoned 
                vessels;
                    ``(B) derelict fishing gear or other marine debris;
                    ``(C) unforeseen or disaster-related circumstances 
                pertaining to coral reef ecosystems, including as a 
                result of human activities;
                    ``(D) harmful algal blooms, coral disease 
                outbreaks, or invasive or nuisance species outbreaks; 
                and
                    ``(E) unexploded ordnance or similar underwater 
                munitions; and
            ``(2) respond rapidly to assess, stabilize, repair, 
        recover, or restore a coral reef that is destroyed or injured, 
        or that has lost an ecosystem function;
            ``(3) remove or stabilize a vessel grounded on or in the 
        vicinity of a coral reef; and
            ``(4) otherwise provide for rapid response to, assessment 
        of, or monitoring of an emergency pertaining to a coral reef or 
        coral reef ecosystem.
    ``(c) Written Agreements.--The Secretary may enter into written 
agreements with any State in which a coral reef is located regarding 
the manner in which the activities authorized under this section shall 
be conducted within the affected State's waters. Nothing in this 
subsection shall be construed to limit Federal response and restoration 
activity authority before any such agreement is final.
    ``(d) Cooperative Enforcement Agreements.--All cooperative 
enforcement agreements in place between the Secretary and a State 
affected by this title shall be updated to include enforcement of this 
title where appropriate.
    ``(e) Damage and Cost Assessment.--In carrying out this section, 
the Secretary shall assess damages to coral reefs and applicable 
response and restoration costs in consultation with State officials 
regarding response and damage assessment actions undertaken for coral 
reefs within State waters. The Secretary shall make such assessments, 
including any related data and information, readily available to the 
public on a government Internet website upon completion of such 
assessments.
    ``(f) Definition of Appropriate Federal Official.--In this section, 
the term `appropriate Federal official' means--
            ``(1) the Secretary of Commerce, acting through the 
        Administrator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric 
        Administration, with respect to any coral reef or component 
        thereof in--
                    ``(A) any unit of the National Marine Sanctuary 
                System;
                    ``(B) any unit of the National Estuarine Research 
                Reserve System;
                    ``(C) any marine national monument designated by an 
                Act of Congress or under section 320301 of title 54, 
                United States Code (commonly known as the Antiquities 
                Act of 1906) under the jurisdiction of the Secretary of 
                Commerce; or
                    ``(D) any territorial waters under the 
                administrative jurisdiction of the Secretary of 
                Commerce; or
            ``(2) the Secretary of the Interior with respect to any 
        coral reef or component thereof in--
                    ``(A) any unit of the National Park System;
                    ``(B) any unit of the National Wildlife Refuge 
                System;
                    ``(C) any national monument or marine national 
                monument designated by an Act of Congress or under 
                section 320301 of title 54, United States Code 
                (commonly known as the Antiquities Act of 1906) under 
                the jurisdiction of the Secretary of the Interior; or
                    ``(D) any territorial waters under the 
                administrative jurisdiction of the Secretary of the 
                Interior.''.

SEC. 106. REVISIONS TO NATIONAL PROGRAM.

    Section 207 of the Coral Reef Conservation Act of 2000 (16 U.S.C. 
6406) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) by amending paragraph (2) to read as follows:
            ``(2) enhancing public awareness, education, understanding, 
        and appreciation of coral reefs and coral reef ecosystems, 
        including the benefits healthy and resilient coral reefs 
        provide to island and coastal communities and to the United 
        States;'';
                    (B) by amending paragraph (3) to read as follows:
            ``(3) removing or otherwise addressing, and providing 
        assistance to States in removing or otherwise addressing, 
        derelict fishing gear, marine debris, and abandoned vessels 
        from coral reef ecosystems to conserve living marine 
        resources;'';
                    (C) by amending paragraph (4) to read as follows:
            ``(4) cooperative conservation, research, restoration, and 
        management of coral reefs and coral reef ecosystems with local, 
        regional, or international programs and partners, including 
        research institutions located in a State;''; and
                    (D) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(5) improving and promoting the resilience of corals, 
        coral reefs, and coral reef ecosystems;
            ``(6) activities designed to prevent or minimize the 
        likelihood of vessel impacts or other physical damage to coral 
        reefs, including any at-risk reefs identified under section 
        207(d); and
            ``(7) centrally archiving, managing, and distributing data 
        sets and coral reef ecosystem assessments and making such 
        information readily available on public Internet websites, 
        including, at the discretion of the Administrator, on the 
        public Internet websites of local, regional, or international 
        programs and partners.''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(c) Vessel Grounding Inventory.--The Secretary, in coordination 
with other Federal agencies, may establish and maintain an inventory of 
all vessel grounding incidents involving coral reefs, including a 
description of--
            ``(1) the impacts to such coral reefs and related natural 
        resources;
            ``(2) vessel and ownership information;
            ``(3) an estimate of the costs for--
                    ``(A) removal of the vessel; or
                    ``(B) restoration of the impacted reef;
            ``(4) to the extent practicable, the actual costs, 
        including costs estimated under section 206(e), that were 
        incurred by each party that participated in any--
                    ``(A) removal of the vessel; or
                    ``(B) restoration of the impacted reef;
            ``(5) the response action taken by the vessel owner, the 
        Secretary, the Commandant of the Coast Guard, or other Federal 
        or State agencies;
            ``(6) the status of the response action, including the 
        dates of vessel removal and coral reef restoration, and any 
        actions taken to prevent future grounding incidents; and
            ``(7) any other pertinent information the Secretary deems 
        appropriate.
    ``(d) At-Risk Reefs.--
            ``(1) Inventory.--The Secretary may establish and maintain 
        a nationwide inventory of at-risk reefs, including proposed 
        remediation to address threats or damage to at-risk reefs 
        identified under this subsection.
            ``(2) Identification.--The Secretary may use data and 
        information collected or compiled under this title or any other 
        available information source to identify at-risk reefs to be 
        included in the inventory under paragraph (1).
            ``(3) Remediation.--The Secretary may identify appropriate 
        measures, including measures taken by other agencies, to 
        remediate at-risk reefs, including--
                    ``(A) recommendations to prevent, reduce the 
                likelihood, or otherwise address negative impacts and 
                incidents;
                    ``(B) cooperative actions with other Federal, 
                State, and local agencies and nongovernmental partners; 
                and
                    ``(C) a strategy and timetable to implement such 
                measures and recommendations.
            ``(4) Measures taken.--To the extent practicable, the 
        Secretary may track any measures taken to remediate at-risk 
        reefs identified under paragraph (2), including any measures 
        identified and taken under paragraph (3).
            ``(5) Publication.--The Secretary shall make any inventory 
        established and maintained under this subsection, a description 
        of the remediation measures identified under paragraph (3), and 
        a description of any actions tracked under paragraph (4), 
        readily available to the public on a government Internet 
        website.
    ``(e) Data Stewardship and Accessibility.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary, in coordination with 
        similar efforts at other Departments and agencies, shall 
        provide for the long-term stewardship and public accessibility 
        of all environmental data and information collected under this 
        title.
            ``(2) Activities.--The Secretary shall--
                    ``(A) archive environmental data, research, and 
                similar information collected with the use of Federal 
                funds;
                    ``(B) to the greatest extent practicable, make such 
                environmental data and information readily available to 
                the public on a government Internet website;
                    ``(C) develop standards, protocols, and procedures 
                for sharing Federal data with non-Federal partner 
                agencies and the private sector or academia; and
                    ``(D) develop metadata standards for coral reef 
                ecosystems in accordance with Federal Geographic Data 
                Committee guidelines.''.

SEC. 107. REVISIONS TO EFFECTIVENESS REPORTS.

    Section 208 of the of the Coral Reef Conservation Act of 2000 (16 
U.S.C. 6407) is amended to read as follows:

``SEC. 208. EFFECTIVENESS REPORTS.

    ``Not less than once every 5 years, the Secretary, in cooperation 
with the United States Coral Reef Task Force, shall submit to the 
Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate and 
the Committee on Natural Resources of the House of Representatives a 
report, with respect to the 5 fiscal years preceding the year in which 
the report is submitted, that--
            ``(1) describes the funds obligated by each Federal agency 
        to implement the national coral reef action strategy;
            ``(2) summarizes all actions taken by Federal and non-
        Federal entities under the national coral reef action strategy;
            ``(3) provides a State-by-State summary of Federal and non-
        Federal contributions toward the costs of each project for 
        which a grant was awarded under the coral reef conservation 
        grant program under section 204;
            ``(4) provides an accounting of Federal funds transferred 
        to a nonprofit organization and non-Federal matching funds 
        provided by such nonprofit organization under the coral reef 
        public-private partnership under section 205;
            ``(5) summarizes emergency response actions undertaken or 
        authorized under section 206;
            ``(6) summarizes the information contained in any vessel 
        grounding inventory under section 207(c) and any additional 
        authorization or funding needed for response and removal of 
        vessels listed in such inventory;
            ``(7) provides a summary of any at-risk reefs identified 
        under section 207(d) and any remediation actions recommended, 
        underway, or taken under such section;
            ``(8) assesses the conditions of coral reefs in the United 
        States, accomplishments under this title, and the effectiveness 
        of management actions to address threats to coral reefs and 
        coral reef ecosystems; and
            ``(9) any other pertinent information, as considered 
        appropriate by the Secretary.''.

SEC. 108. ESTABLISHMENT OF UNITED STATES CORAL REEF TASK FORCE.

    (a) In General.--The Coral Reef Conservation Act of 2000 (16 U.S.C. 
6401 et seq.) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating sections 209 and 210 as sections 214 
        and 215, respectively; and
            (2) by inserting after section 208 the following:

``SEC. 209. UNITED STATES CORAL REEF TASK FORCE.

    ``(a) Establishment.--There is hereby established the United States 
Coral Reef Task Force.
    ``(b) Duties.--The duties of the United States Coral Reef Task 
Force shall be to coordinate and strengthen Federal, State, 
international, and local actions to conserve and restore coral reef 
ecosystems by--
            ``(1) supporting, in cooperation with non-Federal partners 
        as appropriate, activities regarding the mapping, monitoring, 
        research, conservation, mitigation, and restoration of coral 
        reefs and coral reef ecosystems;
            ``(2) implementing the policy and Federal agency 
        responsibilities set forth in Executive Order 13089 (63 Fed. 
        Reg. 32701; relating to coral reef protection) (as in effect on 
        June 11, 1998), the national coral reef action strategy, and 
        activities authorized by this title;
            ``(3) analyzing the United States role in international 
        trade and protection of coral species;
            ``(4) enhancing public awareness, education, understanding, 
        and appreciation of coral reefs and coral reef ecosystems, 
        including the benefits healthy and resilient coral reefs 
        provide to island and coastal communities and the United 
        States;
            ``(5) supporting coral reef ecosystem research, including 
        on the ecological and economic benefits of coral reefs, both 
        extramurally and across government agencies; and
            ``(6) encouraging implementation of strategies and actions 
        for the conservation and sustainable use of coral reef 
        resources worldwide.
    ``(c) Leadership.--The Secretary of Commerce, represented ex 
officio by the Administrator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric 
Administration, and the Secretary of the Interior shall lead the United 
States Coral Reef Task Force as co-chairs.
    ``(d) Voting Membership.--
            ``(1) In general.--The voting members of the United States 
        Coral Reef Task Force shall be comprised of--
                    ``(A) the co-chairs designated under subsection 
                (c);
                    ``(B) the Federal agency members specified by 
                Executive Order 13089 (63 Fed. Reg. 32701; relating to 
                coral reef protection) (as in effect on June 11, 1998);
                    ``(C) the Secretary of the Army, represented ex 
                officio by the Assistant Secretary of the Army for 
                Civil Works of the Corps of Engineers;
                    ``(D) the Secretary of Homeland Security; and
                    ``(E) the Governor, if such Governor elects to 
                participate in the United States Coral Reef Task Force, 
                of--
                            ``(i) the State of Florida;
                            ``(ii) the State of Hawaii;
                            ``(iii) American Samoa;
                            ``(iv) Guam;
                            ``(v) the Commonwealth of the Northern 
                        Mariana Islands;
                            ``(vi) Puerto Rico; and
                            ``(vii) the Virgin Islands of the United 
                        States.
    ``(e) Non-Voting Membership.--
            ``(1) In general.--The non-voting members of the United 
        States Coral Reef Task Force shall be comprised of--
                    ``(A) the President or a representative of the 
                President, if such President elects to participate, of 
                each of the Freely Associated States of--
                            ``(i) the Federated States of Micronesia;
                            ``(ii) the Republic of the Marshall 
                        Islands; and
                            ``(iii) the Republic of Palau.
                    ``(B) Representatives of each of the relevant 
                fishery management councils, selected by such councils, 
                established under section 302 of the Magnuson-Stevens 
                Fishery Conservation and Management Act (16 U.S.C. 
                1852) including--
                            ``(i) the Caribbean Fishery Management 
                        Council;
                            ``(ii) the Gulf of Mexico Fishery 
                        Management Council;
                            ``(iii) the South Atlantic Fishery 
                        Management Council; and
                            ``(iv) the Western Pacific Fishery 
                        Management Council;
    ``(f) Responsibilities of Federal Agency Members.--The Federal 
members of the United States Coral Reef Task Force shall--
            ``(1) identify actions by their agencies that may affect 
        coral reef ecosystems;
            ``(2) utilize the authorities and programs of their 
        agencies to carry out the duties of the United States Coral 
        Reef Task Force as defined by subsection (b); and
            ``(3) implement the national coral reef action strategy and 
        any other coordinated efforts approved by the United States 
        Coral Reef Task Force.
    ``(g) Working Groups.--The co-chairs of the United States Coral 
Reef Task Force may establish working groups as necessary to advance 
the purposes of this title, including--
            ``(1) at the request of members of the United States Coral 
        Reef Task Force; and
            ``(2) working groups for which vested stakeholders, 
        including nongovernmental organizations and research 
        institutions, such as marine laboratories and coral reef 
        institutes, are participants.
    ``(h) Nonapplication of FACA.--The Federal Advisory Committee Act 
(5 U.S.C. App.) shall not apply to the United States Coral Reef Task 
Force or working groups established by the United States Coral Reef 
Task Force.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment.--The Coral Reef Conservation Act of 2000 
(16 U.S.C. 6401 et seq.) is amended by inserting ``United States'' 
before ``Coral Reef Task Force'' each place it appears where ``United 
States'' does not precede ``Coral Reef Task Force''.

SEC. 109. AGREEMENTS.

    (a) In General.--The Coral Reef Conservation Act of 2000 (16 U.S.C. 
6401 et seq.) is further amended by inserting after section 209, as 
added by this Act, the following:

``SEC. 210. AGREEMENTS.

    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary may execute and perform such 
contracts, leases, grants, cooperative agreements, or other 
transactions as may be necessary to carry out the purposes of this 
title.
    ``(b) Funding.--Under an agreement entered into under subsection 
(a), the Secretary may fulfill the terms of the agreement by 
reimbursing or providing appropriated funds to, and may receive funds 
or reimbursements from--
            ``(1) Federal agencies, instrumentalities and laboratories;
            ``(2) State and local governments;
            ``(3) Federally recognized Indian Tribes and Indian Tribal 
        organizations;
            ``(4) international organizations;
            ``(5) foreign governments;
            ``(6) research institutions, including marine laboratories 
        and coral reef institutes;
            ``(7) nongovernmental organizations;
            ``(8) nonprofit organizations;
            ``(9) commercial organizations; and
            ``(10) other public and private persons or entities, as 
        necessary for purposes identified in section 202 and actions 
        taken under section 206.
    ``(c) Cooperative Institute.--
            ``(1) Establishment.--The Secretary shall establish a 
        cooperative institute or cooperative institutes for the purpose 
        of advancing and sustaining essential capability in coral reef 
        research. Such institute or institutes shall include 
        university-based coral reef research centers, including marine 
        laboratories and coral reef institutes, located in States with 
        coral reefs.
            ``(2) Functions.--The cooperative institute or institutes 
        established under this section shall--
                    ``(A) conduct bona fide research, observation, and 
                monitoring of coral reef ecosystems aimed at building 
                capacity for more effective resource management and 
                coral reef restoration; and
                    ``(B) through agreements with centers referred to 
                in paragraph (1)--
                            ``(i) collaborate directly with 
                        governmental resource management agencies, 
                        nonprofit organizations, academic research 
                        institutions, and other research organizations;
                            ``(ii) build capacity within resource 
                        management agencies to establish research 
                        priorities, plan interdisciplinary research 
                        projects, and make effective use of research 
                        results; and
                            ``(iii) conduct public education and 
                        awareness programs for policymakers, resource 
                        managers, and the general public on coral reef 
                        ecosystems, best practices for coral reef and 
                        ecosystem management, conservation, and 
                        restoration, their value, and threats to their 
                        sustainability.
    ``(d) Multiyear Cooperative Agreements.--The Secretary may enter 
into, extend, or renegotiate multiyear cooperative agreements with the 
heads of other Federal, State, and local government agencies and other 
vested stakeholders, including nongovernmental organizations and 
research institutions, such as marine laboratories and coral reef 
institutes, to further the purposes of this title consistent with the 
national coral reef action strategy developed under section 203.
    ``(e) Other Use of Agencies' Resources.--For purposes related to 
the conservation, preservation, protection, restoration, or replacement 
of coral reefs or coral reef ecosystems and the enforcement of this 
title, the Secretary is authorized to use, with their consent and with 
or without reimbursement, the land, services, equipment, personnel, and 
facilities of any Department, agency, or instrumentality of the United 
States, or of any State, local government, or Indian tribal government, 
or of any political subdivision thereof, or of any foreign government 
or international organization.''.

SEC. 110. PERMITS.

    The Coral Reef Conservation Act of 2000 (16 U.S.C. 6401 et seq.) is 
further amended by inserting after section 210, as added by this Act, 
the following:

``SEC. 211. PERMITS.

    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary may, in accordance with this 
section and regulations promulgated under this title, issue a permit 
authorizing the conduct of bona fide research or other activities 
compatible with one or more of the purposes in section 202 of this 
title.
    ``(b) Terms and Conditions.--The Secretary may place any terms and 
conditions on a permit issued under this section that the Secretary 
deems reasonable.
    ``(c) Fees.--
            ``(1) Assessment and collection.--Subject to regulations 
        promulgated under this title, the Secretary may assess and 
        collect fees as specified in this subsection.
            ``(2) Amount.--Any fee assessed shall be equal to the sum 
        of--
                    ``(A) all costs incurred, or expected to be 
                incurred, by the Secretary in processing the permit 
                application, including indirect costs; and
                    ``(B) if the permit is approved, all costs 
                incurred, or expected to be incurred, by the Secretary 
                as a direct result of the conduct of the activity for 
                which the permit is issued.
            ``(3) Use of fees.--Amounts collected by the Secretary in 
        the form of fees under this section may be used by the 
        Secretary for issuing and administering permits under this 
        section.
            ``(4) Waiver or reduction of fees.--For any fee assessed 
        under paragraph (2) of this subsection, the Secretary may--
                    ``(A) accept in-kind contributions in lieu of a 
                fee; or
                    ``(B) waive or reduce the fee.
    ``(d) Fishing.--Nothing in this section shall be considered to 
require a person to obtain a permit under this section for the conduct 
of any fishing activities not prohibited by this title or regulations 
promulgated thereunder.''.

SEC. 111. REGULATIONS.

    The Coral Reef Conservation Act of 2000 (16 U.S.C. 6401 et seq.) is 
further amended by inserting after section 211, as added by this Act, 
the following:

``SEC. 212. REGULATIONS.

    ``The Secretary may issue such regulations as are necessary and 
appropriate to carry out the purposes of this title. This title and any 
regulations promulgated thereunder shall be applied in accordance with 
international law. No restrictions shall apply to or be enforced 
against a person who is not a citizen, national, or resident alien of 
the United States (including foreign-flag vessels) unless in accordance 
with international law.''.

SEC. 112. USE OF RECOVERED AMOUNTS.

    The Coral Reef Conservation Act of 2000 (16 U.S.C. 6401 et seq.) is 
further amended by inserting after section 212, as added by this Act, 
the following:

``SEC. 213. USE OF RECOVERED AMOUNTS.

    ``Any amounts available to the Secretary of Commerce that are 
attributable to fines, penalties, or forfeitures of property (including 
proceeds from the sale of such forfeited property) imposed for 
violations of any marine resource law enforced by such Secretary, or 
regulations implementing such law, for damages to corals, coral reefs, 
or coral reef ecosystems shall be used by such Secretary--
            ``(1) for the benefit of the coral reef ecosystem impacted 
        by the applicable violation, to the extent practicable;
            ``(2) to carry out emergency response activities authorized 
        under section 206, including to reimburse any Federal, State or 
        local government agency for response costs incurred; or
            ``(3) to carry out the purposes of this title, including 
        grants of financial assistance for coral reef conservation 
        projects.''.

SEC. 113. REVISIONS TO AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    Section 214 of the of the Coral Reef Conservation Act of 2000, as 
redesignated by this Act, is amended--
            (1) by amending subsection (a) to read as follows:
    ``(a) In General.--There are authorized to be appropriated to the 
Secretary of Commerce to carry out this title $27,100,000 for each of 
fiscal years 2018 through 2022, which may remain available until 
expended.'';
            (2) in subsection (b), by striking ``$1,000,000'' and 
        inserting ``$2,000,000'';
            (3) by amending subsection (c) to read as follows:
    ``(c) Coral Reef Conservation Grant Program.--From the amounts 
appropriated under subsection (a) for a fiscal year, there shall be 
made available to the Secretary of Commerce not less than $9,000,000 
for the coral reef conservation grant program under section 204.''; and
            (4) by amending subsection (d) to read as follows:
    ``(d) National Program.--From the amounts appropriated under 
subsection (a) for a fiscal year, there shall be made available to the 
Secretary of Commerce not less than $16,000,000 for activities 
conducted under section 207.''.

SEC. 114. REVISIONS TO DEFINITIONS.

    Section 215 of the of the Coral Reef Conservation Act of 2000, as 
redesignated by this Act, is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1), by inserting ``, unless otherwise 
        specified'' after ``National Oceanic and Atmospheric 
        Administration'';
            (2) by inserting after paragraph (1) the following:
            ``(2) At-risk reef.--The term `at-risk reef' means a coral 
        reef that has a high exposure to vessel impacts, marine debris, 
        harmful algal blooms, overfishing, land-based or marine-based 
        pollution, coastal development, and changes in ocean 
        temperature and chemistry.
            ``(3) Bona fide research.--The term `bona fide research' 
        means scientific research on corals or coral reefs, the results 
        of which are likely--
                    ``(A) to be eligible for publication in a peer-
                reviewed scientific journal;
                    ``(B) to contribute to the basic knowledge of coral 
                biology or coral reef ecology;
                    ``(C) to improve management of coral reefs and 
                coral reef ecosystems; or
                    ``(D) to identify, evaluate, or resolve 
                conservation issues or decisions.'';
            (3) by redesignating the original paragraph (2) as 
        paragraph (4) and amending it to read as follows:
            ``(4) Conservation.--The term `conservation' means the use 
        of any methods and procedures necessary to preserve, restore, 
        or sustain corals, coral reefs, and associated marine species 
        as resilient, diverse, viable, and self-perpetuating coral reef 
        ecosystems, including--
                    ``(A) all activities associated with resource 
                management, such as assessment, research, protection, 
                restoration, sustainable use, and management of 
                habitat;
                    ``(B) mapping, observation, or monitoring of coral 
                reef ecosystems;
                    ``(C) scientific expertise and technical assistance 
                in the development and implementation of management 
                strategies for marine protected areas and marine 
                resources consistent with the National Marine 
                Sanctuaries Act (16 U.S.C. 1431 et seq.) and the 
                Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management 
                Act (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.), and with respect for the 
                scientific, technical, and management expertise and 
                responsibilities of State fish and wildlife management 
                agencies;
                    ``(D) law enforcement;
                    ``(E) conflict resolution initiatives;
                    ``(F) community outreach and education; and
                    ``(G) activities that promote safe and ecologically 
                sound navigation.'';
            (4) by redesignating the original paragraph (3) as 
        paragraph (5) and by amending subparagraph (B) of such 
        paragraph to read as follows:
                    ``(B) all species of the families Milleporidae 
                (fire corals) and Stylasteridae (stylasterid 
                hydrocorals), of the class Hydrozoa.'';
            (5) by redesignating the original paragraph (4) as 
        paragraph (6) and amending it to read as follows:
            ``(6) Coral reef.--The term `coral reef' means limestone 
        structures in the form of a reef or shoal, comprised in whole 
        or in part by living coral, skeletal remains of coral, and 
        other associated sessile invertebrates and marine plants.'';
            (6) by inserting after paragraph (6), as so redesignated, 
        the following:
            ``(7) Coral reef component.--The term `coral reef 
        component' means any part of a coral reef, including individual 
        living coral, skeletal remains of coral, and other associated 
        sessile invertebrates or marine plants.'';
            (7) by redesignating the original paragraph (5) as 
        paragraph (8) and amending it to read as follows:
            ``(8) Coral reef ecosystem.--The term `coral reef 
        ecosystem' means the system of coral and other geographically 
        and ecologically associated marine species, habitats, and 
        environment and the processes that control its dynamics.'';
            (8) by redesignating the original paragraph (6) as 
        paragraph (9);
            (9) by inserting after paragraph (9), as so redesignated, 
        the following:
            ``(10) Damages.--The term `damages' includes--
                    ``(A) compensation for--
                            ``(i)(I) the cost of replacement, 
                        restoration, remediation, or acquisition of the 
                        equivalent of a coral or coral reef resource; 
                        and
                            ``(II) the value of the lost use or 
                        services of a coral or coral reef resource 
                        pending the replacement, restoration, 
                        remediation, or acquisition of the equivalent 
                        coral or coral reef resource; or
                            ``(ii) the value of a coral or coral reef 
                        resource if the coral or coral reef resource 
                        cannot be replaced, restored, or remediated or 
                        if the equivalent of such resource cannot be 
                        acquired; and
                    ``(B) the reasonable cost of monitoring appropriate 
                to the injured, replaced, restored, or remediated coral 
                or coral reef resource.
            ``(11) National coral reef action strategy.--The term 
        `national coral reef action strategy' means the strategy 
        developed under section 203.
            ``(12) Resilience.--The term `resilience' means the 
        capacity for corals, coral reefs, or coral reef ecosystems to 
        resist and recover from natural and human disturbance and 
        maintain structure and function to allow the continued 
        provision of ecosystem goods and services, as determined by 
        clearly identifiable, measurable, and science-based standards.
            ``(13) Response costs.--The term `response costs' means the 
        costs of actions that would be necessary to--
                    ``(A) minimize destruction, loss, or taking of, or 
                injury to a coral reef or component thereof;
                    ``(B) prevent or minimize the imminent risks of 
                such destruction, loss, or taking of, or injury to;
                    ``(C) assess the reasonable costs of damage as 
                determined under section 206(e); and
                    ``(D) respond to or otherwise address an emergency 
                pertaining a coral reef or coral reef ecosystem.
            ``(14) Restoration.--The term `restoration' means the use 
        of methods and procedures necessary to enhance, rehabilitate, 
        recreate, or create, a native, functioning coral reef or coral 
        reef ecosystem, in part or in full, within suitable waters of 
        the historical geographic range of such ecosystems.'';
            (10) by redesignating the original paragraph (7) as 
        paragraph (15);
            (11) by redesignating the original paragraph (8) as 
        paragraph (16) and in such paragraph by striking ``U.S.'' each 
        place it appears and inserting ``United States''; and
            (12) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(17) United states coral reef task force.--The term 
        `United States Coral Reef Task Force' means the task force 
        established under section 209.''.

SEC. 115. CONFORMING AND CLERICAL AMENDMENTS.

    (a) Conforming Amendments.--The Coral Reef Conservation Act of 2000 
(16 U.S.C. 6401 et seq.) is amended by striking ``Administrator'' each 
place it appears and inserting ``Secretary'' in the following 
subsections--
            (1) subsection (a) of section 203 (16 U.S.C. 6402);
            (2) subsections (a), (b), (c), (d), (e), (f), (g), (h), 
        (i), and (j) of section 204 (16 U.S.C. 6403);
            (3) subsections (a), (c), and (d) of section 205 (16 U.S.C. 
        6404); and
            (4) subsection (a) of section 206 (16 U.S.C. 6405).
    (b) Clerical Amendment.--Section 201 of the Coral Reef Conservation 
Act of 2000 (16 U.S.C. 6401 et seq.) is amended to read as follows:

``SEC. 201. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.

    ``(a) Short Title.--This title may be cited as the `Coral Reef 
Conservation Act of 2000'.
    ``(b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents for this title is 
as follows:

``Sec. 201. Short Title.
``Sec. 202. Purposes.
``Sec. 203. National Coral Reef Action Strategy.
``Sec. 204. Coral Reef Conservation Grant Program.
``Sec. 205. Coral Reef Public-Private Partnership.
``Sec. 206. Emergency Response and Assistance.
``Sec. 207. National Program.
``Sec. 208. Effectiveness Reports.
``Sec. 209. United States Coral Reef Task Force.
``Sec. 210. Agreements.
``Sec. 211. Permits.
``Sec. 212. Regulations.
``Sec. 213. Use of Recovered Amounts.
``Sec. 214. Authorization of Appropriations.
``Sec. 215. Definitions.''.

      TITLE II--DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR CORAL REEF AUTHORITIES

SEC. 201. CORAL REEF CONSERVATION AND ASSISTANCE.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary of the Interior may conduct 
activities to conserve coral reefs and coral reef ecosystems within--
            (1) any unit of the National Park System;
            (2) any unit of the National Wildlife Refuge System;
            (3) any National Monument or Marine National Monument 
        designated by an Act of Congress or under section 320301 of 
        title 54, United States Code (commonly known as the Antiquities 
        Act of 1906) under the administrative jurisdiction of the 
        Secretary; or
            (4) any other Federal land unit or any territorial waters 
        under the administration of the Secretary.
    (b) Assistance.--The Secretary may provide technical assistance, 
scientific expertise, and, subject to the availability of 
appropriations, financial assistance grants for the conservation of 
coral reefs in proximity to the Federal land and waters described in 
paragraph (a) to--
            (1) entities eligible to receive a grant under section 204 
        of the Coral Reef Conservation Act of 2000 (16 U.S.C. 6403);
            (2) territories of the United States; and
            (3) Federally recognized Indian Tribes.
    (c) Requirement.--The Secretary shall ensure that any action taken 
by the Secretary under this title is consistent with the Coral Reef 
Conservation Act of 2000 (16 U.S.C. 6401), as amended by this Act, 
including the national coral reef action strategy developed under 
section 203 of such Act (16 U.S.C. 6402).
    (d) OIA Coral Reef Initiative.--The Secretary shall establish 
within the Office of Insular Affairs a Coral Reef Initiative Program 
to--
            (1) provide grant funding to support local management, 
        conservation, and protection of coral reef ecosystems in--
                    (A) insular areas; and
                    (B) freely associated states;
            (2) complement the other conservation and assistance 
        activities conducted under this title; and
            (3) provide other technical, scientific, and financial 
        assistance and conduct conservation activities that advance the 
        purposes of this title, as considered appropriate by the 
        Secretary.

SEC. 202. NATIONAL CORAL REEF ACTION STRATEGY.

    Section 203(a) of the Coral Reef Conservation Act of 2000 (16 
U.S.C. 6402(a)), as amended by this Act, is further amended by 
inserting ``, in consultation with the Secretary of the Interior,'' 
before ``shall periodically review and revise''.

SEC. 203. USGS CORAL REEF ECOSYSTEM STUDIES PROGRAM.

    The Secretary shall establish within the United States Geological 
Survey a program to be known at the Coral Reef Ecosystem Studies 
Program to--
            (1) research, monitor, and map coral reef ecosystems to 
        understand coral reef processes and assess coral reef health, 
        including the effects of changes in ocean temperature and 
        chemistry, ocean acidification, land-based sources of pollution 
        including coastal runoff, sediment erosion and turbidity, and 
        harmful algal blooms;
            (2) develop science and tools to assess and help address 
        the consequences of changing coral reef structure on tourism, 
        recreation, community vulnerability and resilience to storms, 
        erosion, and inundation, and to inform the management of coral 
        reefs and coral reef ecosystems;
            (3) complement the other conservation and assistance 
        activities conducted under this title;
            (4) provide technical assistance, subject to the 
        availability of appropriations, for research on coral reefs and 
        coral reef ecosystems to--
                    (A) entities eligible to receive a grant under 
                section 204 of the Coral Reef Conservation Act of 2000 
                (16 U.S.C. 6403); and
                    (B) territories of the United States; and
            (5) carry out other scientific and conservation activities 
        that advance the purposes of this title, as considered 
        appropriate by the Secretary.

SEC. 204. USE OF RECOVERED AMOUNTS.

    All amounts available to the Secretary of the Interior that are 
attributable to fines, penalties, and forfeitures of property (or 
proceeds from the sale of such forfeited property) imposed for 
violations of any natural resource law enforced by the Secretary of the 
Interior, including the Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 
et seq.) and the Lacey Act Amendments of 1981 (16 U.S.C. 3371 et seq.), 
and regulations implementing such law, for damages to corals, coral 
reefs, or coral reef ecosystems, shall be used by the Secretary of the 
Interior--
            (1) for the benefit of the coral reef ecosystem impacted by 
        the applicable violation, to the extent practicable;
            (2) to carry out emergency response activities authorized 
        under section 206 of the Coral Reef Conservation Act of 2000 
        (16 U.S.C. 6405), including to reimburse any Federal, State or 
        local government agency for response costs incurred; or
            (3) to carry out the purposes of this title, including 
        grants of financial assistance for coral reef conservation 
        projects.

SEC. 205. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    (a) In General.--There is authorized to be appropriated to the 
Secretary of the Interior to carry out this title $11,200,000 for each 
of fiscal years 2018 through 2022, which may remain available until 
expended.
    (b) OIA Coral Reef Initiative Program.--From the amounts 
appropriated under subsection (a) for a fiscal year, there shall be 
made available to the Secretary of the Interior, acting through the 
Assistant Secretary of the Interior for Insular Areas, not less than 
$2,200,000 for the grant program under section 201(d).
    (c) USGS Coral Reef Ecosystem Studies Program.--From the amounts 
appropriated under subsection (a) for a fiscal year, there shall be 
made available to the Secretary of the Interior, acting through the 
Director of the United States Geological Survey, not less than 
$4,000,000 for the Coral Reef Ecosystem Studies Program under section 
203.

SEC. 206. DEFINITIONS.

    In this title:
            (1) Conservation.--The term ``conservation'' has the same 
        meaning given such term under section 215 of the Coral Reef 
        Conservation Act of 2000, as redesignated by this Act.
            (2) Coral reef.--The term ``coral reef'' has the same 
        meaning given such term under section 215 of the Coral Reef 
        Conservation Act of 2000, as redesignated by this Act.
            (3) Coral reef ecosystem.--The term ``coral reef 
        ecosystem'' has the same meaning given such term under section 
        215 of the Coral Reef Conservation Act of 2000 (16 U.S.C. 
        6409), as redesignated by this Act.
            (4) Freely associated state.--The term ``Freely Associated 
        State'' means each of the Republic of the Marshall Islands, the 
        Federated States of Micronesia, or the Republic of Palau in an 
        applicable Compact of Free Association with the United States.
            (5) Insular area.--The term ``Insular Area'' means each of 
        American Samoa, Guam, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana 
        Islands, and the Virgin Islands of the United States.
            (6) Resilience.--The term ``resilience'' has the same 
        meaning given such term under section 215 of the Coral Reef 
        Conservation Act of 2000, as redesignated by this Act.

   TITLE III--AMENDMENTS TO NATIONAL FISHING ENHANCEMENT ACT OF 1984

SEC. 301. REVISIONS TO NATIONAL FISHING ENHANCEMENT ACT OF 1984.

    The National Fishing Enhancement Act of 1984 (33 U.S.C. 2101 et 
seq.) is amended--
            (1) in section 203 (33 U.S.C. 2102)--
                    (A) by amending the heading to read as follows: 
                ``standards for artificial reefs'';
                    (B) by striking ``Based on the best scientific 
                information available,'' and inserting the following:
    ``(a) In General.--Based on the best scientific information 
available,'';
                    (C) by redesignating paragraphs 2 through 5 as 
                paragraphs 3 through 6, respectively, and inserting 
                after paragraph (1) the following:
            ``(2) not have significant adverse effects on essential 
        fish habitat and fishery resources (as those terms are defined 
        in section 3 of the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and 
        Management Act (16 U.S.C. 1802));'';
                    (D) in paragraph (5), as so redesignated, by 
                striking ``and'' at the end;
                    (E) in paragraph (6), by striking the period at the 
                end and inserting a semicolon; and
                    (F) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(7) be consistent with the national coral reef action 
        strategy developed under section 203 of the Coral Reef 
        Conservation Act of 2000 (16 U.S.C. 6402);
            ``(8) not have significant adverse effects on natural coral 
        reefs, including coral reefs that have undergone restoration 
        and in situ coral nurseries; and
            ``(9) enhance recreational diving opportunities, to the 
        extent practicable.
    ``(b) Decommission and Preparation for Use.--Before a man-made 
structure may be used for an artificial reef under this title, the 
Assistant Secretary of the Army for Civil Works of the Corps of 
Engineers, the Secretary of Commerce, or the Secretary of the Interior, 
as applicable, shall ensure that such structure is properly 
decommissioned and prepared for use as an artificial reef in accordance 
with--
            ``(1) applicable environmental laws;
            ``(2) the requirements of this title, including the 
        national guidelines developed under subsection (c) and the 
        national artificial reef plan developed under section 204;
            ``(3) the national coral reef action strategy developed 
        under section 203 of the Coral Reef Conservation Act of 2000 
        (16 U.S.C. 6402); and
            ``(4) such additional terms and conditions as the 
        Secretaries, as applicable, consider appropriate.
    ``(c) National Guidelines.--The Secretary of Commerce, in 
consultation with the United States Coral Reef Task Force, shall 
develop national guidelines for man-made structures suitable as 
artificial reef habitat for coral and other associated marine species, 
which shall--
            ``(1) provide for durable, environmentally responsible 
        artificial reefs;
            ``(2) be consistent with the standards outlined in 
        paragraph (a) and be in accordance with subsection (b);
            ``(3) be consistent with the best management practices 
        developed jointly by the Administrator of the Environmental 
        Protection Agency and the Maritime Administrator under section 
        3516 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 
        2004 (Public Law 108-136); and
            ``(4) satisfy other criteria, as determined by the 
        Secretary.
    ``(d) Public Notice and Comment.--The guidelines developed under 
subsection (c) shall be--
            ``(1) published in the Federal Register;
            ``(2) developed after opportunity for public comment of not 
        less than 90 days;
            ``(3) finalized within 90 days after the end of such public 
        comment period; and
            ``(4) and, after finalized, made readily available to the 
        public on a government Internet website.
    ``(e) Updates to National Guidelines.--The Secretary, in 
consultation with the United States Coral Reef Task Force, shall review 
and revise the national guidelines under subsection (c), as 
appropriate, following public notice and comment.
    ``(f) Incorporation Into National Artificial Reef Plan.--The 
periodic review and revision required under subsection (e) may be 
satisfied by incorporating such review and revision into the national 
artificial reef plan developed under section 204 and updates to such 
plan.'';
            (2) in section 204 (33 U.S.C. 2103)--
                    (A) by striking ``Not later than'' and inserting 
                the following:
    ``(a) In General.--Not later than'';
                    (B) by striking ``Managment'' and inserting 
                ``Management''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(b) Periodic Review and Revision.--The Secretary, in consultation 
with the United States Coral Reef Task Force established under section 
209 of the Coral Reef Conservation Act of 2000 and the other Federal 
and non-Federal parties listed in subsection (a), shall periodically 
review and revise the plan as necessary.
    ``(c) Public Notice and Comment.--The Secretary shall provide for 
appropriate public notice and opportunity for public comment on any 
revised plan and make any finalized plan readily available to the 
public on a government Internet website.
    ``(d) Incorporation Into National Coral Reef Action Strategy.--The 
periodic review and revision required under this subsection may be 
satisfied by incorporating such review and revision into the national 
coral reef action strategy developed under section 203 of the Coral 
Reef Conservation Act of 2000 (16 U.S.C. 6402) and updates of such 
strategy.'';
            (3) by redesignating sections 206, 207, and 208 (33 U.S.C. 
        2105, 33 U.S.C. 2206, and 33 U.S.C. 2107) as sections 207, 208, 
        and 209, respectively; and
            (4) by inserting after section 205 the following:

``SEC. 206. TRANSFER OF MAN-MADE STRUCTURES.

    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary of Commerce and the Secretary of 
the Interior may each accept transfers, by gift or otherwise, of any 
vessels, aircraft, offshore rigs, or similar man-made structures 
suitable for use as an artificial reef and habitat for coral and other 
associated marine species.
    ``(b) Agreement.--An agreement for the transfer of an artificial 
reef structure under this section shall require that the Secretary of 
Commerce or the Secretary of the Interior, as applicable, use, site, 
construct, monitor, and manage the transferred structure only as an 
artificial reef in accordance with--
            ``(1) this title;
            ``(2) the national coral reef action strategy developed 
        under section 203 of the Coral Reef Conservation Act of 2000 
        (16 U.S.C. 6402);
            ``(3) any applicable environmental laws; and
            ``(4) such additional terms and conditions as the Secretary 
        of Commerce or the Secretary of the Interior, as applicable, 
        considers appropriate.
    ``(c) No Federal Cost.--The Secretary of Commerce or the Secretary 
of the Interior, respectively, shall ensure that no Federal costs are 
incurred for the decommissioning, preparation for use, or transfer of 
an artificial reef structure under this section.''; and
            (5) in section 207 (33 U.S.C. 2105), as so redesignated--
                    (A) by amending paragraph (1) to read as follows:
            ``(1) The term `artificial reef' means a structure which is 
        constructed or placed in waters covered under this title for 
        the purpose of enhancing fishery resources, commercial and 
        recreational fishing opportunities, or recreational diving 
        opportunities.'';
                    (B) by amending paragraph (2) to read as follows:
            ``(2) The term `State' means each State of the United 
        States, American Samoa, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands, 
        Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands of the United States, and any 
        other territory or possession of the United States.''; and
                    (C) by adding after paragraph (3) the following:
            ``(4) The terms `coral' and `coral reef' have the meanings 
        given such terms in section 215 of the Coral Reef Conservation 
        Act of 2000 (16 U.S.C. 6409).''.

                   TITLE IV--MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS

SEC. 401. STOCK ASSESSMENTS UNDER MAGNUSON-STEVENS FISHERY CONSERVATION 
              AND MANAGEMENT ACT.

    (a) In General.--Title IV of the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery 
Conservation and Management Act (16 U.S.C. 1881 et seq.) is amended by 
adding at the end the following:

``SEC. 409. STOCK ASSESSMENTS FOR FISHERIES ASSOCIATED WITH CORAL 
              REEFS.

    ``In preparing stock assessments under this Act, the Secretary 
shall, to the extent practicable, place emphasis on such assessments 
for economically important fisheries associated with coral reefs.''.
    (b) Clerical Amendment.--The table of contents in the first section 
of the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act (16 
U.S.C. 1881 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end of the items 
relating to title IV the following:

``Sec. 408. Deep sea coral research and technology program.
``Sec. 409. Stock assessments for fisheries associated with coral 
                            reefs.''.

SEC. 402. MEASURES TO COMBAT INVASIVE LIONFISH.

    (a) Addition of Species of Lionfish to the List of Injurious 
Species That Are Prohibited From Being Imported or Shipped.--Section 
42(a)(1) of title 18, United States Code, is amended by inserting after 
``Dreissena polymorpha;'' the following: ``of the red lionfish of the 
species Pterois volitans; of the devil lionfish of the species Pterois 
miles; of the Hawaiian turkeyfish of the species Pterois sphex; of the 
soldier lionfish of the species Pterois russelii; of the clearfin 
lionfish of the species Pterois radiata; of the species Pterois 
paucispinula; of the frillfin turkeyfish of the species Pterois 
mombasae; of the luna lionfish of the species Pterois lunalata; of the 
mandritsa of the species Pterois brevipectoralis; of the spotfin 
lionfish of the species Pterois antennata; of the scorpionfish of the 
species Pterois andover;''.
    (b) Exemption From Permitting for Movement in Commerce.--For 
purposes of section 14.21 of title 50, Code of Federal Regulations, 
deceased lionfish and lionfish products shall not be treated as 
wildlife requiring a permit pursuant to part 17 or 23 of such title.
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