Page 1 of 111

DOE Review Release 07/16/2019

Mound Plant – Occupational Environmental 

Dose

ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Rev. 02

Effective Date: 07/02/2019

Supersedes: Revision 01

Subject Expert(s): Robert M. Leib

Document Owner 

Approval: Signature on File

Robert M. Leib, Document Owner

Approval Date: 06/18/2019

Concurrence: Wade C. Morris Signature on File for

John M. Byrne, Objective 1 Manager

Concurrence Date: 06/18/2019

Concurrence: Signature on File

Joel Arana, Objective 3 Representative

Concurrence Date: 06/21/2019

Concurrence: Vickie S. Short Signature on File for

Kate Kimpan, Project Director

Concurrence Date: 06/18/2019

Approval: Signature on File

Grady Calhoun, Director, DCAS

Approval Date: 07/02/2019

FOR DOCUMENTS MARKED AS A TOTAL REWRITE, REVISION, OR PAGE CHANGE, REPLACE THE PRIOR 

REVISION AND DISCARD / DESTROY ALL COPIES OF THE PRIOR REVISION.

New Total Rewrite Revision Page Change
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 02 Effective Date: 07/02/2019 Page 2 of 111

 

PUBLICATION RECORD

EFFECTIVE

DATE

REVISION

NUMBER DESCRIPTION

10/06/2004 00 First approved issue. Initiated by Jeffrey S. Vollmer.

03/13/2009 00 PC-1 Approved page change initiated to remove information pertaining to 

Monsanto Chemical Company, the subject of a class of employees 

added to the Special Exposure Cohort. The changes necessitated 

the reordering and renumbering of tables on the following pages: 9, 

10, 12 - 34 in Sections 4.2 and 4.3. NIOSH required language was 

revised on pages 7 and 8 in Section 4.1. Updated NIOSH reference 

on page 48. No sections were deleted. Incorporates formal internal 

and NIOSH review comments. Training required: As determined by 

the Task Manager. Initiated by Donald N. Stewart.

Signature on File 03/04/2009

Donald N. Stewart, Document Owner

Signature on File 03/04/2009

John M. Byrne, Task 3 Manager

Signature on File 03/04/2009

Edward F. Maher, Task 5 Manager

Signature on File 03/11/2009

Kate Kimpan, Project Director

Signature on File 03/13/2009

James W. Neton, Associate Director for Science

02/07/2013 01 Revision initiated to add Special Exposure Cohort Section 4.1.3. 

Revised Table 4-1 to include end of operation and end of 

remediation. Revised Section 4.3 to provide direction for assigning 

environmental dose from 2003 to 2010. Made editorial changes and 

removed text and references for the Dayton Project. Incorporates 

formal internal and NIOSH review comments. Training required: As 

determined by the Objective Manager. Initiated by Donald N. 

Stewart and Robert M. Leib.
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 02 Effective Date: 07/02/2019 Page 3 of 111

EFFECTIVE

DATE

REVISION

NUMBER DESCRIPTION

07/02/2019 02 Incorporated aspects of ORAUT-PROC-0060 Rev. 01 prior to its 

cancellation. Changed Mound Site to Mound Plant throughout 

document. Clarified SEC description regarding a tritium sample as 

indication of work in SW or R buildings, in section 4.1.3 to more 

closely reflect the HHS designation letter dated July 14, 2010. 

Added ICRP Publication 23 references in sections 4.2.3.1 and 

4.2.3.2 and References section. Changed numerical values and 

units in Table 4-20 from Sieverts to rem to be consistent with dose 

reconstruction reporting. Corrected references to sections 4.2.5, 

4.2.6 and 4.2.7 in the first paragraph of section 4.2.2. Clarified 

statement in section 4.2.4 to indicate that submersion dose from 

effluent was not included in onsite ambient dose. Provided sitespecific justification for 2,500 hr/yr work assumption for assignment 

of onsite ambient dose. Incorporates formal internal and NIOSH 

review comments. Constitutes a total rewrite of the document. 

Training required: As determined by the Objective Manager. 

Initiated by Robert M. Leib.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS

SECTION TITLE PAGE

Acronyms and Abbreviations.................................................................................................................. 7

4.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 9

4.1.1 Purpose.........................................................................................................................10

4.1.2 Scope............................................................................................................................10

4.1.3 Special Exposure Cohort ..............................................................................................10

4.2 Mound Plant..............................................................................................................................11

4.2.1 Environmental Air Monitoring........................................................................................14

4.2.2 Effluent Intake Concentrations ......................................................................................19

4.2.3 Mound Effluent Inhalation Intakes.................................................................................22

4.2.3.1 Sitewide Annual Median Effluent Radionuclide Inhalation Intakes.................22

4.2.3.2 Sitewide Maximum Annual Average Effluent Inhalation Intakes ....................24

4.2.4 Annual Effluent Submersion External Exposures .........................................................27

4.2.5 Resuspension Intakes, Submersion External Exposures, and Ground Layer 

External Exposures Attributed to Soil Contamination ...................................................27

4.2.6 Direct External Exposure from Facilities .......................................................................36

4.2.7 Assignment of Ambient External Dose..........................................................................37

4.3 Uncertainties.............................................................................................................................37

4.4 Attributions and Annotations .....................................................................................................38

References ...........................................................................................................................................39

Glossary................................................................................................................................................52

ATTACHMENT A DOSE COEFFICIENTS.....................................................................................54

ATTACHMENT B OFFSITE ENVIRONMENTAL AIR SAMPLING DATA FOR 1948 TO 

SEPTEMBER 1959 ...........................................................................................56

ATTACHMENT C ENVIRONMENTAL AIR SAMPLING DATA FOR 1959 TO 1972...................... 63

ATTACHMENT D ENVIRONMENTAL AIR SAMPLING DATA FOR 1973 TO 2002......................75

LIST OF TABLES

TABLE TITLE PAGE

4-1 Significant programs and events...............................................................................................13

4-2 Sitewide annual median effluent intake concentrations by radionuclide...................................16

4-3 SRS plutonium dioxide feed material and Mound scaling factors.............................................18

4-4 238Pu:239/240Pu annual mean activity concentrations and ratios inferred from 

measurements of environmental air samples ...........................................................................18

4-5 SRS plutonium dioxide feed material relative dose contribution...............................................19

4-6 Total radioactive effluent discharges, 1949 to 1983 ................................................................. 20

4-7 Inferred onsite dispersion factors by radionuclide, 1973 to 1983..............................................21

4-8 Ratio of initial to final air sample counts from Ra-Ac program areas ........................................22
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4-9 Sitewide annual median effluent inhalation intakes ..................................................................23

4-10 Inferred maximum onsite dispersion factors by radionuclide, 1983 to 1973 .............................24

4-11 Sitewide maximum annual intakes............................................................................................24

4-12 GSD for effluent intakes at Mound............................................................................................25

4-13 Annual average effluent submersion external exposures by year and radionuclide.................28

4-14 Annual average ground layer external exposure, resuspension submersion external 

exposure, and resuspension submersion intake by radionuclide, 1949 ...................................29

4-15 Annual average ground layer external exposure, resuspension submersion external 

exposure, and resuspension submersion intake by radionuclide, 1950 through 1959 .............30

4-16 Annual average ground layer external exposure, resuspension submersion external 

exposure, and resuspension submersion intake by radionuclide, 1960 through 1969 .............31

4-17 Annual average ground layer external exposure, resuspension submersion external 

exposure, and resuspension submersion intake by radionuclide, 1970 through 1979 .............32

4-18 Annual average ground layer external exposure, resuspension submersion external 

exposure, and resuspension submersion intake by radionuclide, 1980 through 1989 .............33

4-19 Annual average ground layer external exposure, resuspension submersion external 

exposure, and resuspension submersion intake by radionuclide, 1990 to present ..................34

4-20 Mean and maximum environmental external radiation levels by year ......................................35

4-21 Radionuclide releases to the atmosphere, 1949 to 1973..........................................................37

A-1 Dose coefficients for contaminated soil to an infinite depth......................................................55

A-2 Dose coefficients for air submersion.........................................................................................55

B-1 Mound offsite air sampling data for 1948 to 1959.....................................................................56

C-1 Mound offsite air monitoring data for 1959 ...............................................................................64

C-2 Mound offsite air monitoring data for 1960 ...............................................................................65

C-3 Mound offsite air monitoring data for 1961 ...............................................................................66

C-4 Mound offsite air monitoring data for 1962 ...............................................................................66

C-5 Mound offsite air monitoring data for January to June 1963.....................................................67

C-6 Mound offsite air monitoring data for 1964 ...............................................................................67

C-7 Mound offsite air monitoring data for 1965 ...............................................................................68

C-8 Mound offsite air monitoring data for 1966 ...............................................................................68

C-9 Mound offsite air monitoring data for 1967 ...............................................................................69

C-10 Mound offsite air monitoring data for 1968 ...............................................................................70

C-11 Mound offsite air monitoring data for 1969 ...............................................................................71

C-12 Mound offsite air monitoring data for 1970 ...............................................................................72

C-13 Mound air monitoring data for 1971..........................................................................................73

C-14 Mound air monitoring data for 1972..........................................................................................74

D-1 Mound air monitoring data for 1973..........................................................................................76

D-2 Mound air monitoring data for 1974..........................................................................................77

D-3 Mound air monitoring data for 1975..........................................................................................78

D-4 Mound air monitoring data for 1976..........................................................................................79

D-5 Mound air monitoring data for 1977..........................................................................................80

D-6 Mound air monitoring data for 1978..........................................................................................81

D-7 Mound air monitoring data for 1979..........................................................................................82

D-8 Mound air monitoring data for 1980..........................................................................................83

D-9 Mound air monitoring data for 1981..........................................................................................84

D-10 Mound air monitoring data for 1982..........................................................................................85

D-11 Mound air monitoring data for 1983..........................................................................................86

D-12 Mound air monitoring data for 1984..........................................................................................87

D-13 Mound air monitoring data for 1985..........................................................................................88

D-14 Mound air monitoring data for 1986..........................................................................................89

D-15 Mound air monitoring data for 1987..........................................................................................90

D-16 Mound air monitoring data for 1988..........................................................................................91

D-17 Mound air monitoring data for 1989..........................................................................................92
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D-18 Mound air monitoring data for 1990..........................................................................................93

D-19 Mound air monitoring data for 1991..........................................................................................94

D-20 Mound air monitoring data for 1992..........................................................................................95

D-21 Mound air monitoring data for 1993..........................................................................................96

D-22 Mound air monitoring data for 1994..........................................................................................97

D-23 Mound air monitoring data for 1995..........................................................................................98

D-24 Mound air monitoring data for 1996..........................................................................................99

D-25 Mound air monitoring data for 1997........................................................................................100

D-26 Mound air monitoring data for 1998........................................................................................102

D-27 Mound air monitoring data for 1999........................................................................................104

D-28 Mound air monitoring data for 2000........................................................................................106

D-29 Mound air monitoring data for 2001........................................................................................108

D-30 Mound air monitoring data for 2002........................................................................................110

LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE TITLE PAGE 

4-1 Mound onsite airborne radioactivity monitoring locations .........................................................15

4-2 Mound offsite airborne radioactivity monitoring locations .........................................................16
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ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS 

AWE atomic weapons employer

Bq becquerel

Ci curie 

cm centimeter

cpm counts per minute

d day

D&D decontamination and decommissioning

DCF dose conversion factor

DOE U.S. Department of Energy

DOL U.S. Department of Labor

dpm disintegrations per minute

EEOICPA Energy Employees Occupational Illness Compensation Program Act of 2000

g gram

gal gallon

GP General Purpose

GSD geometric standard deviation

HH Hydrolysis House 

hr hour

HTO tritiated water vapor

H*(10) ambient dose equivalent

kg kilogram

km kilometer

LDL lower detection limit

LLW low-level radioactive waste

m meter

mCi millicurie

MED Manhattan Engineer District

mi mile

mL milliliter

mph miles per hour

mR milliroentgen

mrem millirem

NIOSH National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

ORAU Oak Ridge Associated Universities

PP Plutonium Processing

PuBe plutonium-beryllium (alloy)

qtr quarter
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RTG radioisotopic thermoelectric generator

s second

SEC Special Exposure Cohort

SM Special Metallurgical

SNM special nuclear material

SRDB Ref ID Site Research Database Reference Identification (number)

SRS Savannah River Site

Sv sievert

SW Semi-Works

U.S.C. United States Code

W watt

WSF Waste Staging Facility

yd yard

yr year

μCi microcurie

μR microroentgen

§ section or sections
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4.1 INTRODUCTION

Technical basis documents and site profile documents are not official determinations made by the 

National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) but are rather general working 

documents that provide historical background information and guidance to assist in the preparation of 

dose reconstructions at particular Department of Energy (DOE) or Atomic Weapons Employer (AWE) 

facilities or categories of DOE or AWE facilities. They will be revised in the event additional relevant 

information is obtained about the affected DOE or AWE facility(ies). These documents may be used 

to assist NIOSH staff in the evaluation of Special Exposure Cohort (SEC) petitions and the completion 

of the individual work required for each dose reconstruction.

In this document the word “facility” is used to refer to an area, building, or group of buildings that 

served a specific purpose at a DOE or AWE facility. It does not mean nor should it be equated to an 

“AWE facility” or a “DOE facility.” The terms AWE and DOE facility are defined in sections 7384l(5) 

and (12) of the Energy Employees Occupational Illness Compensation Program Act of 2000 

(EEOICPA), respectively. An AWE facility means “a facility, owned by an atomic weapons employer, 

that is or was used to process or produce, for use by the United States, material that emitted radiation 

and was used in the production of an atomic weapon, excluding uranium mining or milling.” 42 U.S.C. 

§ 7384l(5). On the other hand, a DOE facility is defined as “any building, structure, or premise, 

including the grounds upon which such building, structure, or premise is located ... in which 

operations are, or have been, conducted by, or on behalf of, the [DOE] (except for buildings, 

structures, premises, grounds, or operations ... pertaining to the Naval Nuclear Propulsion Program);” 

and with regard to which DOE has or had a proprietary interest, or “entered into a contract with an 

entity to provide management and operation, management and integration, environmental 

remediation services, construction, or maintenance services.” 42 U.S.C. § 7384l(12). The Department 

of Energy (DOE) determines whether a site meets the statutory definition of an AWE facility and the 

Department of Labor (DOL) determines if a site is a DOE facility and, if it is, designates it as such.

Accordingly, a Part B claim for benefits must be based on an energy employee’s eligible employment 

and occupational radiation exposure at a DOE or AWE facility during the facility’s designated time 

period and location (i.e., covered employee). After DOL determines that a claim meets the eligibility 

requirements under EEOICPA, DOL transmits the claim to NIOSH for a dose reconstruction. 

EEOICPA provides, among other things, guidance on eligible employment and the types of radiation 

exposure to be included in an individual dose reconstruction. Under EEOICPA, eligible employment 

at a DOE facility includes individuals who are or were employed by DOE and its predecessor 

agencies, as well as their contractors and subcontractors at the facility. Unlike the abovementioned 

statutory provisions on DOE facility definitions that contain specific descriptions or exclusions on 

facility designation, the statutory provision governing types of exposure to be included in dose 

reconstructions for DOE covered employees only requires that such exposures be incurred in the 

performance of duty. As such, NIOSH broadly construes radiation exposures incurred in the 

performance of duty to include all radiation exposures received as a condition of employment at 

covered DOE facilities in its dose reconstructions for covered employees. For covered employees at 

DOE facilities, individual dose reconstructions may also include radiation exposures related to the 

Naval Nuclear Propulsion Program at DOE facilities, if applicable. No efforts are made to determine 

the eligibility of any fraction of total measured exposure for inclusion in dose reconstruction.

NIOSH does not consider the following types of exposure as those incurred in the performance of 

duty as a condition of employment at a DOE facility. Therefore these exposures are not included in 

dose reconstructions for covered employees (NIOSH 2010):

• Background radiation, including radiation from naturally occurring radon present in 

conventional structures

• Radiation from X-rays received in the diagnosis of injuries or illnesses or for therapeutic 

reasons
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4.1.1 Purpose

The Mound Plant has commonly been known as the Mound Site and Mound Laboratory. The 

occupational environmental dose is the dose received by workers on the job but outside the 

operational buildings at the Mound Plant. Annual inhalation intakes of radioactive material at the 

Mound Plant were estimated based on onsite environmental air monitoring station results from 1971 

through 2002. For years in which onsite air monitoring data were unavailable (before 1971) and total 

Mound stack effluent data were available, empirically derived onsite atmospheric dispersion factors 

(χ/Q values) for plutonium, polonium particulates, and tritiated water vapor (HTO) were used to 

estimate the intake air concentration. The χ/Q derivation coupled the sitewide median air 

concentration (238Pu, 210Po, and 3H concentration) with the corresponding total Mound effluent source 

term for 1973 through 1983. Ingestion intakes and ambient external dose were estimated using 

radionuclide concentrations measured in 30-cm-thick soil samples. The site remediation period 

ended in 2010, and there is no potential for receiving environmental dose after this year. The doses 

and intakes estimated for 2002 can be assigned for energy employees from 2003 to 2010 as an 

assumption that is favorable to claimants. 

4.1.2 Scope

Sections 4.1 and 4.2 discuss reconstruction of dose for unmonitored environmental exposures at 

Mound Plant. Section 4.3 discusses uncertainties for this analysis. 

4.1.3 Special Exposure Cohort

Classes Added to the SEC

Employees of the Department of Energy (DOE), its predecessor agencies, and DOE 

contractors or subcontractors who worked in any areas at the Mound Plant site from 

October 1, 1949, through February 28, 1959, for a number of work days aggregating at 

least 250 work days or in combination with work days within the parameters established 

for one or more other classes of employees in the SEC (Leavitt 2008).

All employees of the Department of Energy (DOE), its predecessor agencies, and its 

contractors and subcontractors who had at least one tritium bioassay sample and worked 

at the Mound Plant in Miamisburg, Ohio from March 1, 1959 through March 5, 1980, for 

a number of work days aggregating at least 250 work days, occurring either solely under 

this employment, or in combination with work days within the parameters established for 

one or more other classes of employees in the Special Exposure Cohort (Sebelius 2010).

All employees of the Department of Energy (DOE), its predecessor agencies, and their 

contractors and subcontractors who worked at the Mound Plant in Miamisburg, Ohio, 

from September 1, 1972 through December 31, 1972, or from January 1, 1975 through 

December 31, 1976, for a number of work days aggregating at least 250 work days, 

occurring either solely under this employment or in combination with work days within 

the parameters established for one or more other classes of employees included in the 

Special Exposure Cohort (Sebelius 2012).

Although NIOSH has found that it is not possible to completely reconstruct radiation doses for the 

SEC classes described in this section, NIOSH intends to use any internal and external monitoring 

data that might become available for an individual claim and that can be interpreted using existing 

NIOSH dose reconstruction processes or procedures. Therefore, for employees who worked in any 

Mound area during the above periods from October 1, 1949 through February 28, 1959, or 

September 1, 1972 through December 31, 1972, or January 1, 1975 through December 31, 1976, or 

employees with at least one tritium bioassay sample (taken as evidence of potential employment in 
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the SW (Semi-works) or R (Research) Buildings) during the period from March 1, 1959, through 

March 5, 1980, who do not qualify for inclusion in the SEC class, partial dose reconstructions may be 

performed using these data as appropriate.

To summarize the SEC classes:

• The first class of employees was added because the potential for unmonitored intakes of 

radium, actinium, and thorium was assumed to be present for all Mound employees; therefore, 

it was not possible to reconstruct doses or assign maximum doses to all Mound employees for 

October 1, 1949, through February 28, 1959;

• The second class was added because it is not possible to bound radon doses to workers in 

SW and R Buildings from March 1, 1959, through March 5, 1980. These workers are identified 

by at least one bioassay sample for tritium in their internal dose records; and

• The third class was added because tritium records for some periods could not be found. This 

includes all employees in all locations from September 1 through December 31, 1972, and 

from January 1, 1975, through December 31, 1976. 

For all of these classes of workers, internal doses are to be reconstructed using case-specific data, if 

available, when those doses may be estimated using current dose estimation processes and 

procedures. 

4.2 MOUND PLANT

The Mound Plant was an integrated research, development, and production facility that supported 

DOE weapon and nonweapon programs with emphasis on chemical explosives and nuclear 

technology. The organization that would later operate the Mound Plant originated as a technical 

organization in 1943 when the federal government requested Monsanto Chemical Company to accept 

responsibility for determining the chemical and metallurgical properties of polonium as a project of the 

Manhattan Engineer District (MED). Work occurred at the Monsanto Central Research Department 

and several satellite units in the Dayton, Ohio, area. Late in 1945, the MED determined that the 

research, development, and production organization at Dayton should become a permanent facility. A 

search for a suitable location in early 1946 led to the selection of a 728,000-m2 (182-acre) tract 

adjacent to Miamisburg, Ohio, about 16 km (10 mi) south-southwest of Dayton. The facility is 

surrounded by residential and recreational properties as well as agricultural areas and sits atop an 

elevated area overlooking Miamisburg, the Great Miami River, and the river plain area to the west. In 

1981, DOE purchased an additional 123 acres of land south of the original 182 acres for unrealized 

mission expansion. This parcel was never developed.

Construction of the Mound Plant began in February 1947 and ended in 1949. In late 1948, work at 

the Dayton Units moved to the Mound Plant. The following paragraphs describe key Mound facilities 

and their historic functions (DOE 1993a, 1999; Monsanto 1975).

Semi-Works (SW/R) Tritium Complex

This two-story facility was used primarily for handling tritium. Four major operations occurred in the 

SW/R Tritium Complex: component development, component evaluation operations, tritium recovery, 

and materials analysis. SW/R, which was built in 1950, underwent 13 major additions. One corridor 

of rooms in the adjacent building, Research (R), was converted to tritium operations; this corridor, 

together with the SW building and Building 58, formed the SW/R complex. While the complex was 

primarily a tritium facility, there were three additional areas. From 1951 through 1953, Mound 

intermittently conducted a research and development program to recover 227Ac and 228Th from neutron 

irradiated 226Ra (EG&G 1995a). The three parent radionuclides of 227Ac, 226Ra, and 228Th, and their 
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radioactive progeny, were present in the irradiated material. The recovery operation was conducted 

in a special shielded process facility referred to as the Old Cave (Room SW-19) on the east side of 

the building. From 1951 to 1953, work in the cave resulted in the release of 1.6 × 105 μCi of 227Ac, 

226Ra, 228Th, and their radioactive progeny (Storey 1973). From 1964 to 1968, purified 227Ac in oxide 

and nitrate forms was processed in a hot cell and analytical lab area (Room SW-140) in the SW 

Building (EG&G 1995a). This work resulted in the release of 5.3 μCi of 227Ac to the atmosphere 

(Storey 1973). This facility has been demolished.

Technical (T) Building

The T Building was operational in 1949 and was originally used to purify 210Po for use in nuclear 

weapon initiators. Decontamination work was done from 1971 through 1974 on the 210Po processing 

areas. Its last mission was to support tritium programs for reconfiguration, safe shutdown, and 

remaining operations. The facility has also been used to extract radionuclides, to house the plutonium 

verification facility, and to store transuranic materials. Since 1980, KYLE (classified), Tritium 

Emission Recovery Facility, Hydrogen Isotope Separations System, and other tritium facilities large 

enough to handle multikilogram quantities were added to T Building. Special nuclear material (SNM), 

primarily 239Pu, was stored in T Building storage areas A and B before transfer to Building 38 for 

repackaging. The SNM was in the form of metal, metal oxide, residue, or combinations thereof; these 

materials were in sealed drums and other metal containers.

Building 38

Building 38 was originally designed to be a radiochemical processing facility for 238Pu used in the 

oxide form as fuel for radioisotopic thermoelectric generators (RTGs). Building design began in 1965, 

and construction was complete in December 1967. Assembly and disassembly associated with 

manufacturing 238Pu heat source modules for RTGs were the primary operations in Building 38. Other 

programs included assembly of three types of heat sources and two types of RTGs and general

purpose radionuclide handling. RTG and heat source assembly and disassembly, which were 

supported in the F-line operations, involved the 5-w, High Power Generator Mod 3, and General 

Purpose Heat Sources programs.

Building 50

Building 50 was an RTG assembly and test laboratory. Encapsulated 238Pu fuel was loaded into 

graphite assemblies in Building 38 and welded into stainless-steel containers. The containers were 

transferred to Building 50 for fuel reduction and subsequent installation in electrical converters.

Building 22, Waste Staging Facility

The Waste Staging Facility (WSF) provided storage and staging for solid low-level radioactive waste 

(LLW) containers before offsite shipment. The facility could store as many as 186 metal boxes, stage 

lined and unlined 30- or 55-gal metal drums with or without overpack, and staged closed wooden 

boxes that contained LLW. Transition to the WSF was complete in June 1995. Building 22, built in 

1967, previously housed a property management warehouse, office spaces, and a test facility for 

glovebox operations.

Building 72

Building 72 was used to store miscellaneous hazardous wastes until they could be shipped off the site 

for disposal. The wastes were in steel drums, plastic drums, plastic and steel containers of various 

sizes, and gas cylinders. In addition, waste sampling, packaging, and repackaging of some wastes; 

drum over packing; and container inspection and marking occurred in this facility. Building 72 was a 

steel-framed building with metal panel siding on three walls.

Table 4-1 lists significant programs and events that occurred at the Mound Plant that are potentially 

relevant to dose reconstruction.
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Table 4-1. Significant programs and events.

a

Year Description

1946 Mound Plant planning started.

1948 Mound Plant occupied.

1949 Polonium operations moved from Dayton Units to Mound Plant.

1950 Separation of Po-208 and Po-209 from proton (accelerator) irradiation of bismuth.

Separation of Ac-227 from irradiated Ra-226 in Room SW-19 (old cave).

Uranyl sulfate – heavy water fuel system research.

Civilian power reactor research involving uranium, Pa-231, and Pu-239; mission ended in 1963.

1954 Invention of Po-210-fueled thermoelectric generator.

Tritium studies began in 1954, with the first of several programs requiring tritium-handling 

technology starting in 1958. There were facilities for the recovery and purification of tritium from all 

types of wastes generated at DOE sites that handled tritium.

Construction of thorium refinery for breeder reactor program; refinery never operated. In late 1954, 

Mound Plant received 400 tons of Th-232 sludge from Brazilian ore residues, which was 

subsequently stored outdoors in 55-gal drums. 

1955 Repackaging of 6,000 55-gal drums containing thorium ore and sludge occurred through 1965 at 

three different times to help prevent possibility of further contamination. 

In 1964, the thorium sludge was transferred to a special building for storage. 

Early in 1975, the thorium ore residues were removed from Mound and sold to a commercial 

organization.

1956 Completed separation of 1.3 g of Pa-231 in HH Building.

Weighable quantities of Th-230 (ionium) separated.

PuBe (Pu-239) neutron sources manufactured.

Nuclear weapon detonator development, production, and surveillance; mission ended in 1989.

1959 Pu-239 reactor fuels laboratory operational.

Tritium waste recovery and purification facility operational.

1960 The first reduction of metallic Pu-238 was achieved in the spring of 1960.

1961 Pu-238 production started and development of Pu-238 heat sources for thermoelectric generators.

1965 Gaseous effluent control system operational in SW Building.

1966 Thorium ore and sludge moved to bulk storage in Building 21.

1968 PP (Plutonium Processing) Building 38 operational for processing Pu-238.

1969 Waste line break and subsequent contamination of abandoned Miami-Erie Canal bed with Pu-238.

Began tritium recycling from retired weapon parts.

1972 Tritium effluent control project began.

Nonweapons polonium work terminated.

1974 Thorium ore and sludge completely removed from site.

Po-210 decontamination of T Building completed.

1975 Pu-238 recovery operations terminated.

1977 Californium Multiplier Neutron Radiography Facility installed.

1989 Removal of soil contaminated with uranium near Building 34.

1990 Pu-238 decontamination of inactive laboratories in R Building.

1991 Removal of Pu-238-contaminated waste line connecting HH Building with WD Building.

1993 DOE decision to transfer defense mission from Mound.

Pu-238 decontamination of PP Building 38 and Acid Leach Field (Area D).

1994 Demolition of SM (Special Metallurgical) Building structure contaminated with Pu-238.

1995 All weapon components production terminated.

1996 Demolition of SD Building (sanitary waste treatment facility) and Building 21 (thorium ore and sludge 

bulk storage facility), including excavation of contaminated soil.

Miami-Erie Canal removal action (Pu-238-contaminated sediments) fieldwork began in October.

1997 Removal of soil contaminated with Ac-227 at Area 7.

1998 Miami-Erie Canal removal action fieldwork completed; approximately 30,000 yd3 removed for offsite 

disposal.

2003 Operations ceased.

2010 Remediation activities completed.

a. Adapted from DOE (1993a, 1999, 2011) and EPA (2003).
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Most early programs were concerned with 210Po and its applications, particularly the fabrication of 

neutron and alpha sources for weapon and nonweapon use. From 1950 to 1963, laboratory 

investigations of uranium, 231Pa, and 239Pu were part of the national civilian power reactor program.

Separation of stable isotopes of noble gases began in 1954. In addition, in 1954 Mound scientists 

invented the thermoelectric generator fueled with 210Po. A limited amount of research and 

development work with 239Pu in gram quantities began in 1955. In 1957, Mound Plant began the 

development, production, and surveillance of detonators for military applications. Beginning in 1959, 

238Pu in quantities up to a kilogram was used in research, development, and production operations; 

however, Summary of Environmental Monitoring Report for 1959 and First Quarter 1960 states that 

“during the year 1959, a year of transition, the alpha-emitting isotope that would have contributed to 

environmental background was polonium” (Monsanto 1960).

From 1959 to 1960, the initial plutonium program activities were conducted in R Building. During this 

early phase, the program consisted of research and development efforts to understand the chemistry 

and metallurgy of 238Pu. The thermal hazards as well as the chemical reactivity and containment of 

plutonium during processing and fabrication led to major safety concerns.

In 1960, the SM Building was constructed to provide the technical and safety-related features that 

were absent in the R Building. The elevated emissions of plutonium (see Section 4.2.2) in 1960 were 

due to R Building operations. The SM Building became operational in 1961 and emissions of 

plutonium decreased significantly (see Section 4.2.2). In 1967, Building 38 [also known as the 

Plutonium Processing Building (PP)] and an annex on the WD Building were constructed to take over 

the increased plutonium program demands. The SM Building processes and fabrication operations 

were transferred to the new Building 38 facility.

The total quantity of 238Pu used in operations at Mound Plant was sharply reduced in June 1977. 

Encapsulation of 238Pu for the large heat sources (containing in some cases more than 4 kg of this 

material) was terminated. In late 1979, Mound ended production of plutonium oxide feedstock for 

heat sources and began receiving this material already in primary encapsulation.

4.2.1 Environmental Air Monitoring

The Mound Plant had various environmental air monitoring programs through most of its history, 

starting in 1948 and continuing to the present. Gross alpha, HTO, 210Po, 238Pu, 239/240Pu, 228Th, 230Th, 

and 232Th measurements occurred during these years, although not all measurements were collected 

in any given year. The tables in Attachments B, C, and D list environmental air monitoring data from 

1948 to September 1959, 1959 to 1972, and 1973 to 2002, respectively, along with references for the 

data.

From 1948 to 1959, air monitoring consisted of offsite, downwind air samples taken at unspecified 

locations and counted for gross alpha radiation. From 1960 to 1966, Mound conducted roving air 

sampler measurements of gross alpha activity obtained by truck-mounted equipment driven over a 

planned route in areas adjacent to the Mound Plant. From 1967 to 1971, Mound monitored 

concentrations of HTO, 238Pu, and 210Po off the site. Available data do not contain onsite air sampling

data for these three periods (with the exception of 1971, when “Site Center, Southern and Northern 

Perimeter” data were acquired). The usefulness of the offsite data before 1971 are limited because 

the air samples were not collected in one location around the clock. Therefore, it is not certain if the 

offsite concentrations reflect a maximum or even average concentration. As a consequence, the 

offsite data cannot be used to infer onsite airborne radionuclide concentrations.

A program to acquire onsite meteorological data began in 1972 (Eimutis and Mote 1976). The 

average onsite wind speed was approximately 8 mph (13 km/hr) and the predominant wind direction 
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was from the southwest. From 1972 to 2002, air monitoring data were obtained from a network of 

onsite (Figure 4-1) and offsite (Figure 4-2) stationary air samplers. This analysis used the sitewide

median air concentration from the annual average onsite air monitoring station results to determine 

intake concentrations from 1971 through 2002 (see Tables C-13, C-14, and D-1 through D-29). For 

years in which onsite air monitoring data were unavailable (before 1971) and effluent data were 

available, empirically derived onsite atmospheric dispersion factors (χ/Q) for plutonium, polonium 

particulates, and HTO were used to estimate the intake air concentration. Table 4-2 summarizes the 

annual median effluent air concentrations used to derive intakes for dose reconstruction. Subsequent 

sections discuss the intakes estimated from these data and effluent release monitoring data.

Figure 4-1. Mound onsite airborne radioactivity monitoring locations. 

Some of the environmental air monitoring station results (See Tables C-13, C-14, and D-1 through 

D-30) were reported as “incremental” to reflect that the measured “environmental level” concentration 

at the control (28 mi upwind) location was subtracted from the concentration at the monitoring 

stations. As a consequence, if nonincremental concentration results were reported, the contribution 

from control location No. 119 was subtracted from the sitewide median results. For all years for which 

onsite environmental air monitoring data were available, the median concentration from the onsite 

annual average monitoring station results was selected to assign radionuclide intakes. For years for 

which onsite air monitoring data were unavailable (before 1971) and effluent data were available, 

empirically derived onsite atmospheric dispersion factors (χ/Qs) for plutonium, polonium particulates, 

and HTO were used to estimate the onsite intake air concentration.
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Figure 4-2. Mound offsite airborne radioactivity monitoring locations. 

In 1997, Mound Plant added 232Th, 230Th, and 228Th to the environmental air filter analyses conducted 

as part of the routine environmental air monitoring program in support of several decontamination and 

decommissioning (D&D) projects involving thorium-contaminated soil and structures. Although these 

radionuclides are not effluents, the median of the annual average environmental air monitoring station 

results for 232Th, 230Th, and 228Th are included in this section.

To account for trace radionuclides that were not included in the routine environmental air or effluent 

discharge sampling and analysis programs at Mound, 238Pu scaling factors were developed based on 

an assay of the feed material (plutonium dioxide) from the Savannah River Site (SRS), as listed 

below. As a result, the scaling factor (activity concentration ratio) table (Table 4-3) infers 

concentrations of trace radionuclides and 239/240Pu for years in which effluent or air monitoring station 

data include only 238Pu. 

Table 4-2. Sitewide annual median effluent intake concentrations by radionuclide (μCi/mL).

Year Pu-238 Po-210 HTO

Pu239/240 Th-232 Th-230 Th-228 Ra-226 Ac-227

1949 No data 1.18E–13 No data No data No data No data No data No data No data

1950 No data 1.18E–13 No data No data No data No data No data No data No data

1951 No data 1.18E–13 No data No data No data No data 8.16E–19 1.57E–18 4.94E–19

1952 No data 1.18E–13 No data No data No data No data 8.16E–19 1.57E–18 4.94E–19

1953 No data 1.18E–13 No data No data No data No data 8.16E–19 1.57E–18 4.94E–19

1954 No data 1.42E–13 1.59E–10 No data No data No data No data No data No data

1955 No data 1.71E–13 1.75E–10 No data No data No data No data No data No data

1956 No data 2.05E–13 1.92E–10 No data No data No data No data No data No data
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Year Pu-238 Po-210 HTO

Pu239/240 Th-232 Th-230 Th-228 Ra-226 Ac-227

1957 No data 2.46E–13 2.11E–10 No data No data No data No data No data No data

1958 No data 2.95E–13 2.33E–10 No data No data No data No data No data No data

1959 No data 3.54E–13 2.56E–10 No data No data No data No data No data No data

1960 6.83E–13 4.24E–13 8.31E–10 2.20E–14 No data No data No data No data No data

1961 4.37E–16 5.09E–13 1.95E–09 1.41E–17 No data No data No data No data No data

1962 3.82E–16 6.11E–13 1.98E–09 1.23E–17 No data No data No data No data No data

1963 2.95E–16 7.33E–13 2.55E–09 9.50E–18 No data No data No data No data No data

1964 6.88E–16 8.80E–13 2.13E–09 2.22E–17 No data No data No data No data 1.53E–03

1965 1.58E–14 1.06E–12 1.68E–09 5.10E–16 No data No data No data No data 1.53E–03

1966 8.31E–14 1.27E–12 1.62E–09 2.68E–15 No data No data No data No data 1.53E–03

1967 1.48E–13 1.37E–12 2.96E–09 4.78E–15 No data No data No data No data 1.53E–03

1968 1.56E–14 3.54E–13 2.24E–09 5.03E–16 No data No data No data No data 1.53E–03

1969 2.88E–14 2.70E–13 2.56E–09 9.27E–16 No data No data No data No data No data

1970 1.19E–14 1.94E–13 1.46E–09 3.82E–16 No data No data No data No data No data

1971 4.00E–16 2.00E–15 4.80E–09 1.29E–17 No data No data No data No data No data

1972 1.40E–16 1.30E–15 8.20E–11 4.51E–18 No data No data No data No data No data

1973 1.56E–16 1.10E–15 7.40E–11 5.03E–18 No data No data No data No data No data

1974 1.88E–16 1.10E–15 1.53E–10 6.06E–18 No data No data No data No data No data

1975 6.40E–17 No data 2.90E–11 3.00E–18 No data No data No data No data No data

1976 8.40E–17 No data 2.00E–11 2.20E–18 No data No data No data No data No data

1977 2.80E–17 No data 1.60E–11 0.00E+00 No data No data No data No data No data

1978 2.50E–17 No data 6.20E–12 4.00E–18 No data No data No data No data No data

1979 1.60E–17 No data 8.60E–12 5.00E–19 No data No data No data No data No data

1980 8.80E–18 No data 8.88E–11 6.00E–19 No data No data No data No data No data

1981 2.07E–17 No data 6.76E–11 0.00E+00 No data No data No data No data No data

1982 2.39E–17 No data 3.93E–11 0.00E+00 No data No data No data No data No data

1983 1.32E–17 No data 3.43E–11 1.30E–18 No data No data No data No data No data

1984 2.32E–17 No data 2.21E–11 3.00E–19 No data No data No data No data No data

1985 1.26E–16 No data 2.73E–11 6.30E–19 No data No data No data No data No data

1986 9.34E–17 No data 2.13E–11 4.50E–19 No data No data No data No data No data

1987 4.35E–17 No data 3.33E–11 1.60E–19 No data No data No data No data No data

1988 5.80E–17 No data 2.41E–11 2.00E–19 No data No data No data No data No data

1989 1.50E–17 No data 2.50E–11 2.90E–19 No data No data No data No data No data

1990 5.64E–18 No data 1.86E–11 7.00E–20 No data No data No data No data No data

1991 7.70E–18 No data 1.17E–11 0.00E+00 No data No data No data No data No data

1992 5.83E–18 No data 7.43E–12 2.40E–19 No data No data No data No data No data

1993 7.10E–18 No data 4.16E–12 3.90E–19 No data No data No data No data No data

1994 7.29E–18 No data 3.69E–12 3.10E–19 No data No data No data No data No data

1995 5.99E–18 No data 2.11E–12 1.20E–19 No data No data No data No data No data

1996 5.94E–18 No data 6.94E–12 8.00E–20 No data No data No data No data No data

1997 2.06E–17 No data 7.19E–12 0.00E+00 2.14E–18 4.47E–18 3.00E–18 No data No data

1998 5.11E–18 No data 1.01E–11 7.00E–20 1.80E–19 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 No data No data

1999 1.43E–18 No data 8.45E–12 1.50E–19 4.42E–18 4.41E–18 4.60E–18 No data No data

2000 4.08E–18 No data 2.28E–12 1.70E–19 2.91E–18 4.12E–18 3.71E–18 No data No data

2001 4.01E–18 No data 4.83E–12 3.00E–20 2.25E–18 3.04E–18 3.79E–18 No data No data

2002 3.76E–18 No data 3.50E–12 1.90E–19 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 No data No data

2003 No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data

The feed material profile discussed above was adjusted to reflect the actual observed air sample ratio 

of 238Pu to 239/240Pu to infer the 239/240Pu concentration in air for years in which only 238Pu data were 

available. The actual activity concentration ratio for 239/240Pu was inferred from measurements of air 

samples taken by Mound for 1975 through 1980 (see Table 4-4.). The observed ratio of 238Pu to 

239/240Pu in air samples from onsite sampling stations recording the highest annual average plutonium 
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Table 4-3. SRS plutonium dioxide feed material and Mound scaling factors. 

Radionuclide Half-life (yr)

Specific

activity 

(Ci/g)

Reported 

weight 

fraction

Activity 

concentration 

(Ci/g)

Theoretical 

activity 

fraction

Theoretical

Pu-238

activity 

concentration 

ratios

Correcteda

Pu-238 

activity 

concentration 

ratios

Pu-236b 2.86E+00 5.30E+01 1.00E–06 5.30E–05 3.69E–06 3.86E–06 No data

Pu-238b 8.77E+01 1.71E+01 8.02E–01 1.37E+01 9.56E–01 1.00E+00 No data

Pu-239b 2.41E+04 6.20E–02 1.59E–01 9.86E–03 6.86E–04 7.18E–04 No data

Pu-240b 6.56E+03 2.27E–01 3.00E–02 6.81E–03 4.74E–04 4.96E–04 No data

Pu-239/240 No data No data No data No data 1.16E–03 1.21E–03 3.22E–02

Pu-242b 3.73E+05 3.96E–03 1.00E–03 3.96E–06 2.76E–07 2.88E–07 No data

Pu-241b 1.44E+01 1.03E+02 6.00E–03 6.20E–01 4.31E–02 4.52E–02 No data

U-234c 2.46E+05 6.22E–03 1.90E–03 1.18E–05 8.22E–07 8.61E–07 No data

Np-237c 2.14E+06 7.05E–04 3.00E–04 2.12E–07 1.47E–08 1.54E–08 No data

Am-241c 4.32E+02 3.43E+00 5.00E–04 1.72E–03 1.19E–04 1.25E–04 No data

Pa-231c 3.28E+04 4.72E–02 1.00E–05 4.72E–07 3.28E–08 3.44E–08 No data

Th-232c 1.41E+10 1.10E–07 1.00E–05 1.10E–12 7.63E–14 7.99E–14 No data

U-232c 6.89E+01 2.24E+01 1.00E–05 2.24E–04 1.56E–05 1.63E–05 No data

U-235c 7.04E+08 2.16E–06 1.00E–05 2.16E–11 1.50E–12 1.57E–12 No data

U-236c 2.34E+07 6.47E–05 1.00E–05 6.47E–10 4.50E–11 4.71E–11 No data

Ac-227c 2.18E+01 7.23E+01 1.00E–05 7.23E–04 5.03E–05 5.27E–05 No data

Total Not applicable Not applicable 1.00E+00 1.44E+01 1.00E+00 Not applicable Not applicable

a. The actual ratio of Pu-238 to Pu-239/240 based on air sample analytical results for 5 years (1975 to 1980) is 31.0:1. 

This ratio was calculated using the annual mean concentration of Pu-238 and Pu-239 at maximum sampler location and 

corrected for offsite contributions of Pu-238 and Pu-239/240 indicated at the location of the minimum Pu-238 and 

Pu-239/240 offsite concentrations. (These data are presented in Table 4-4.)

b. EG&G (1995a).

c. DOE (1993a).

Table 4-4. 238Pu:239/240Pu annual mean activity concentrations and ratios inferred from measurements 

of environmental air samples (10-18 μCi/mL).a

Year

Highest onsite 

Pu-238

Lowest offsite 

Pu-238

Highest onsite 

Pu-239/240

Lowest offsite 

Pu-239/240

Pu-238:Pu-239/240

net activity

concentration ratio

1975 1,033 1.2 41.0 16.0 41.3

1976 267 0.5 13.0 3.8 29.0

1977 81 0.9 31.0 16.0 5.3

1978 110 0.8 27.0 22.0 21.8

1979 190 0.5 11.0 7.4 52.6

1980 58 0.2 4.9 3.3 36.1

Min. 58 0.2 4.9 3.3 5.3

Max. 1,033 1.2 41.0 22.0 52.6

Median 150 0.7 20.0 11.7 32.5

Mean 290 0.7 21.3 11.4 31.0

StdDev 372 0.4 13.8 7.7 16.4

a. Data from Attachment D, Tables D-3 through D-8.

concentration from 1975 to 1980 is 31.0 to 1 in comparison with the theoretical ratio of 824 (i.e., the 

inverse of the theoretical 239/240Pu activity concentration shown above). The discrepancy between the 

feed material ratio of 238Pu to 239/240Pu and the observed air sample ratio of 238Pu to 239/240Pu is 

probably the result of 239/240 Pu effluent emissions associated with 239/240 Pu research rather than the 

SRS feed material profile.

The relative internal dose contribution from radionuclides in SRS plutonium dioxide feed material was

assessed using International Commission on Radiological Protection Publication 68 dose conversion 

factors (DCFs) as discussed below (ICRP 1995). Most of the internal dose (99.8%) is attributable to 

238Pu (96.5%) and 239/240Pu (3.3%). As a result, dose reconstructors should neglect the internal dose 
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contribution from trace radionuclides other than 239/240Pu in effluent associated with the feed material. 

See Table 4-5.

Table 4-5. SRS plutonium dioxide feed material relative dose contribution. 

Radionuclide

ICRP (1995)

DCF (Sv/Bq)

Activity

concentration 

(Ci/g)

Activity

fraction Weighted DCF

Percent dose 

contribution

Pu-236 1.30E–05 5.30E–05 3.58E–06 4.66E–11 1.61E–04

Pu-238a 3.00E–05 1.37E+01 9.28E–01 2.78E–05 9.65E+01

Pu-239/240a 3.20E–05 4.42E–01 2.99E–02 9.56E–07 3.31E–00

Pu-242 3.10E–05 3.96E–06 2.68E–07 8.30E–12 2.88E–05

Pu-241 5.80E–07 6.20E–01 4.19E–02 2.43E–08 8.42E–02

U-234 6.80E–06 1.18E–05 7.99E–07 5.43E–12 1.88E–05

U-235 6.10E–06 2.16E–11 1.46E–12 8.91E–18 3.09E–11

U-236 6.30E–06 6.47E–10 4.37E–11 2.76E–16 9.55E–10

U-232 2.60E–05 2.24E–04 1.51E–05 3.93E–10 1.36E–03

Am-241 2.70E–05 1.72E–03 1.16E–04 3.13E–09 1.08E–02

Pa-231 8.90E–05 4.72E–07 3.19E–08 2.84E–12 9.84E–06

Th-232 2.90E–05 1.10E–12 7.41E–14 2.15E–18 7.45E–12

Np-237 1.50E–05 2.12E–07 1.43E–08 2.14E–13 7.43E–07

Ac-227 6.30E–04 7.23E–04 4.89E–05 3.08E–08 1.07E–01

a. Dosimetrically significant.

For years in which onsite air monitoring data were unavailable (before 1971) and total annual stack 

effluent data were available, empirically derived onsite atmospheric dispersion factors (χ/Qs) for 

plutonium, polonium particulates, and HTO were used to estimate the intake air concentration.

The χ/Q derivation coupled the sitewide median air concentration (238Pu, 210Po, and 3H concentration) 

with the corresponding total annual effluent discharges (Table 4-6). This derivation was repeated for 

the 11-year period from1973 to 1983 for plutonium and HTO and for 1 year (1973) for polonium. For 

assigning an intake concentration, the 11- and 1-year average χ/Q was selected: 8.61 × 10-5 s/m3 for 

plutonium, 5.12 × 10-4 s/m3 for polonium, and 2.56 × 10-7 s/m3 for tritium (Table 4-7). The calculated 

dispersion factor data for the 11- and 1-year period are listed in Table 4-7 below.

Polonium production and research at Mound were discontinued in the early 1970s (DOE 1993a). 

Polonium effluent discharge data are available only for 1953, 1973, and 1974; as a result, the ratio of 

210Po to 238Pu observed in environmental air samples was used to infer the 210Po effluent release rate 

from 1967 through 1970. In addition, the 1973 and 1974 onsite polonium air monitoring results were 

influenced by the D&D of the Mound polonium processing facilities (DOE 1993a). As a consequence, 

the 1974 polonium effluent and air monitoring results in Table 4-7 were not used in the χ/Q derivation 

for polonium. 

4.2.2 Effluent Intake Concentrations

The following discussion describes the technical approach used to establish airborne radionuclide 

concentrations to determine radionuclide intakes (Section 4.2.5) and submersion exposures 

(Section 4.2.6). Section 4.2.7 describes the technical approach and results for the contaminated soil

exposure pathways. These exposure pathways are (1) resuspension intakes, (2) external 

submersion, and (3) direct external from the contaminated soil layer.

For 238Pu, the effluent concentration data from 1971 through 2002 are based on the median onsite 

annual environmental air monitoring results. From 1960 through 1970, the effluent concentration data 

are based on the reported 238Pu annual effluent source term from Table 4-6 combined with the derived 
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Table 4-6. Total radioactive effluent discharges, 1949 to 1983.

a

Year

Pu-238 

(μCi)

Po-210:Pu238 ratiob Po-210

(μCi)

H-3

(Ci)

Ra-226 

(μCi)

Ac-227 

(μCi)

Th-228 

(μCi)

1949 No data No data 7,305 No data No data No data No data

1950 No data No data 7,305 No data No data No data No data

1951 No data No data 7,305 No data 0.097 0.03 0.05

1952 No data No data 7,305 No data 0.097 0.03 0.05

1953 No data No data 7,305 No data 0.097 0.03 0.05

1954 No data No data 8,773c 18,616d No data No data No data

1955 No data No data 10,509 20,685 No data No data No data

1956 No data No data 12,623 22,983 No data No data No data

1957 No data No data 15,148 25,537 No data No data No data

1958 No data No data 18,177 28,374 No data No data No data

1959 No data No data 21,806 31,527 No data No data No data

1960 250,125e 0.10 26,161 102,427 No data No data No data

1961 160 196.25 31,400 240,644 No data No data No data

1962 140 268.24 37,554 244,455 No data No data No data

1963 108 417.84 45,127 313,932 No data No data No data

1964 252 215.40 54,279 262,638 No data 1.06 No data

1965 5,803 11.20 65,009 206,750 No data 1.06 No data

1966 30,442 2.57 78,263 199,561 No data 1.06 No data

1967 54,347 1.55 84,238 364,685 No data 1.06 No data

1968 5,720 3.82 21,850 275,856 No data 1.06 No data

1969 10,544 1.58 16,660 315,252 No data No data No data

1970 4,342 2.76 11,984 179,468 No data No data No data

1971 401 3.38 1,355 73,503 No data No data No data

1972 74 5.75 426 30,483 No data No data No data

1973 84 0.81 68f 15,331 No data No data No data

1974 28 0.025 0.7f 10,031 No data No data No data

1975 23 No data No data 8,859 No data No data No data

1976 15 No data No data 6,206 No data No data No data

1977 12 No data No data 4,896 No data No data No data

1978 14 No data No data 7,346 No data No data No data

1979 12 No data No data 3,831 No data No data No data

1980 15 No data No data 3,795 No data No data No data

1981 8 No data No data 4,285 No data No data No data

1982 21 No data No data 4,283 No data No data No data

1983 4 No data No data 4,293 No data No data No data

a. Adapted from DOE (1993a).

b. From 1967 through 1972, the ratio of Po-210 to Pu-238 is based on radionuclide-specific (Pu-238 and Po-210) analyses 

of offsite (onsite for 1972) air samples obtained at the 0- to 3-mi roving locations from 1967 to 1972 (see Attachment C, 

Tables C-9 through C-14).

c. For 1954 through 1966, it is assumed that the Po-210 release rate increased 20% each year from the constant value for 

1949 through 1953.

d. For 1954 through 1958, it is assumed that the HTO release rate decreased 10% each year from that reported for 1959.

e. Elevated Pu-238 levels due to R Building operations before the SM Building becoming operational in 1961. In 1962, a 

second bank of high-efficiency particulate air filters was installed in the SM Building plenum (DOE 1993a).

f. 1973 and 1974 Po-210 effluent data (Carfagno and Westendorf 1974; Carfagno and Robinson 1975).

atmospheric dispersion factor for 238Pu from Table 4-7 to infer the median onsite environmental 

concentration.

For 210Po, the effluent concentration data from 1971 through 1974 are based on the median onsite 

annual environmental air monitoring results. From 1967 through 1970, the data are based on 

reported 238Pu annual effluent source terms (scaled to infer 210Po based on the ratio of 210Po to 238Pu 

in air samples) combined with the derived atmospheric dispersion factor for polonium from Table 4-7 
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Table 4-7. Inferred onsite dispersion factors (χ/Q, 

s/m3) by radionuclide, 1973 to 1983. 

Year H-3 Pu-238 Po-210

1973a 1.52E–07 5.86E–05 5.12E–04

1974b 4.81E–07 2.12E–04 4.96E–02

1975 1.03E–07 8.78E–05 No data

1976 1.02E–07 1.77E–04 No data

1977 1.03E–07 7.36E–05 No data

1978 2.66E–08 5.64E–05 No data

1979 7.08E–08 4.21E–05 No data

1980c 7.38E–07 1.85E–05 No data

1981d 4.98E–07 8.17E–05 No data

1982 2.90E–07 3.59E–05 No data

1983 2.52E–07 1.04E–04 No data

N 11 11 2

Min. 2.66E–08 1.85E–05 5.12E–04

Max. 7.38E–07 2.12E–04 4.96E–02

Mean 2.56E–07 8.61E–05 2.51E–02

a. Po-210 χ/Q used in this analysis based on 1973 data.

b. Year of maximum Po-210 χ/Q due to Mound D&D 

Program activity.

c. Year of maximum H-3 χ/Q. 

d. Year of maximum Pu-238 χ/Q. 

to infer median onsite environmental concentrations. As discussed above, polonium effluent 

discharge data are available only for 1953, 1973 and 1974; as a consequence, for 1949 through 1953 

it is assumed that the 210Po effluent source term remained constant at the 20-μCi/d level (Bradley 

1953a). For 1954 through 1966, it is assumed that the 210Po release rate increased 20% each year 

from the constant daily values for 1949 through 1953 (Table 4-6). This annual increase was 

considered necessary and reasonable to extrapolate between 1953 and 1967 effluent release rates. 

The 210Po annual effluent source terms for 1949 through 1966 were combined with the atmospheric 

dispersion factor derived for polonium (Table 4-7) to infer onsite environmental concentrations.

For HTO, the data from 1971 through 2002 are based on the median onsite annual environmental air 

monitoring results. Beginning in 1959 through 1970, the data are based on reported tritium effluent 

source terms (Table 4-6) combined with the derived atmospheric dispersion factor derived for tritium 

in Table 4-7 to infer onsite environmental concentrations. No data were available for 1954 through 

1958. To estimate the amounts of tritium effluent, data for 1958 was assumed to be 90% of the 

measured effluent for 1959 (31,527 Ci/yr); data for 1957 was assumed to be 90% of the value 

assigned to 1958, etc. For 1954 through 1958, the HTO annual effluent source terms were combined 

with the derived atmospheric dispersion factor for tritium to infer onsite median environmental 

concentrations.

From 1951 through 1953, Mound intermittently conducted a research and development program to 

recover 227Ac, 226Ra, and 228Th from neutron-irradiated 226Ra. The three parent radionuclides of 227Ac, 

226Ra, and 228Th, and their radioactive progeny, were in the irradiated material. The recovery 

operation was conducted in a special shielded process facility referred to as the old cave (Room 

SW-19) on the east side of the building (EG&G 1995a). From 1951 to 1953, work in the cave resulted 

in the release of 1.6 × 105 μCi of 227Ac, 226Ra, 228Th and their radioactive progeny (Storey 1973). At 

the completion of the program, 47.5 Ci of 226Ra, 14.9 Ci of 227Ac, and 24.6 Ci of 228Th were purified.

Health Physics Monthly Information Reports before September 1952 do not contain useful air sample 

or effluent data from the Ra-Ac Program work areas. Beginning in September 1952, most of the 

Monthly and Quarterly Health Physics Reports contain a summary of the monthly average of initial air 

filter counts and a summary of the monthly average of final air filter counts performed between 20 to 
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30 days after the initial count. Initial and final air sample counting data from high-risk Ra-Ac work 

areas are listed in Table 4-8. These data were used to calculate the release rate of long-lived 

radionuclides (227Ac, 226Ra, and 228Th) from the release of 1.6 × 105 μCi reported by Storey (1973) 

assuming equal quantities were released each year from 1951 through 1953 and assuming the longlived radionuclides consisted of 227Ac, 226Ra, and 228Th in the same proportion as the amounts purified 

at the completion of the program (55% 226Ra, 17% 227Ac, and 28% 228Th).

Table 4-8. Ratio of initial to final air sample counts from Ra-Ac program areas. 

High-risk Ra, Ac, and Th area

air samples Month/year

Ratio of initial 

to final count Reference

GP1A September 1952 2E+04 Bradley 1952a

General Purpose (GP) cave November 1952 5E+04 Bradley 1952b

GP lab December 1952 3E+04 Bradley 1952c

GP exhaust February 1953 1E+05 Bradley 1953a

GP high-risk area air samples (5) April 1953 2E+06 Bradley 1953b

GP high-risk area air samples (5) May 1953 1E+06 Bradley 1953c

GP high-risk area air samples (5) June 1953 8E+04 Bradley 1953d

GP high-risk area air samples (5) July 1953 6E+04 Bradley 1953e

GP high-risk area air samples (5) August 1953 3E+03 Bradley 1953f

High-risk air lock September 1953 3E+04 Bradley 1953g

High-risk air lock October 1953 1E+05 Bradley 1953h

High-risk air lock November 1953 2E+05 Bradley 1953i

High-risk air lock December 1953 5E+04 Bradley 1953j

Average Not applicable 3E+05 Not applicable

Minimum Not applicable 3E+03 Not applicable

Maximum Not applicable 2E+06 Not applicable

The median sitewide intake concentrations of 227Ac, 226Ra, and 228Th in Table 4-2 were calculated 

assuming that the T west polonium stack was the source of the emissions with a dispersion factor 

(χ/Q) of 5.12 × 10-4 s/m3. 

From 1964 through 1968, purified 227Ac in oxide and nitrate forms was processed in a hot cell and 

analytical lab area (Room SW-140) in the SW Building (EG&G 1995a). This work resulted in the 

release of 5.3 μCi of 227Ac to the atmosphere (Storey 1973).

The median sitewide concentration of 227Ac in Table 4-2 was calculated assuming that equal 

quantities were released each year from 1964 through 1968 from the T west polonium stack with a 

dispersion factor (χ/Q) of 5.12 × 10-4 s/m3. 

Table 4-2 lists the annual average effluent median intake concentrations used to calculate annual 

worker intakes described in Section 4.2.3 and listed in Table 4-9. 

4.2.3 Mound Effluent Inhalation Intakes

4.2.3.1 Sitewide Annual Median Effluent Radionuclide Inhalation Intakes

The sitewide annual median radionuclide intakes in Table 4-9 were derived by multiplying the annual 

median effluent air concentrations (Table 4-2) by 2,400 m3/yr, which is the product of Reference 

Man’s default breathing rate (1.2 m3/hr) (ICRP 1975) and 2,000 work hours per year. The tritium 

intake was increased by a factor of 1.5 to account for skin absorption. As discussed above, most of 

the internal dose (99.8%) from SRS feed material is attributable to 238Pu and 239/240Pu. As a result, 

only intakes of 238Pu, 239/240Pu, HTO, 210Po, 232Th, 230Th, 228Th, 226Ra, and 227Ac from Mound effluents 

are significant for dose reconstruction. The absorption type most favorable to claimants should be 
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chosen for dose reconstruction because of the various chemical forms of polonium, thorium, and 

plutonium used at Mound Plant.

Table 4-9. Sitewide annual median effluent inhalation intakes (Bq). 

Year 238Pu 210Po HTO 239/240Pu 232Th 230Th 228Th 227Ac 226Ra

1949 No data 1.05E+01 No data No data No data No data No data No data No data

1950 No data 1.05E+01 No data No data No data No data No data No data No data

1951 No data 1.05E+01 No data No data No data No data 7.24E–05 4.39E–05 1.40E–04

1952 No data 1.05E+01 No data No data No data No data 7.24E–05 4.39E–05 1.40E–04

1953 No data 1.05E+01 No data No data No data No data 7.24E–05 4.39E–05 1.40E–04

1954 No data 1.26E+01 2.12E+04 No data No data No data No data No data No data

1955 No data 1.51E+01 2.33E+04 No data No data No data No data No data No data

1956 No data 1.82E+01 2.56E+04 No data No data No data No data No data No data

1957 No data 2.18E+01 2.82E+04 No data No data No data No data No data No data

1958 No data 2.62E+01 3.10E+04 No data No data No data No data No data No data

1959 No data 3.14E+01 3.41E+04 No data No data No data No data No data No data

1960 6.06E+01 3.77E+01 1.11E+05 1.95E+00 No data No data No data No data No data

1961 3.88E–02 4.52E+01 2.60E+05 1.25E–03 No data No data No data No data No data

1962 3.39E–02 5.43E+01 2.64E+05 1.09E–03 No data No data No data No data No data

1963 2.62E–02 6.51E+01 3.39E+05 8.44E–04 No data No data No data No data No data

1964 6.11E–02 7.81E+01 2.84E+05 1.97E–03 No data No data No data 1.53E–03 No data

1965 1.41E+00 9.38E+01 2.24E+05 4.53E–02 No data No data No data 1.53E–03 No data

1966 7.38E+00 1.13E+02 2.16E+05 2.38E–01 No data No data No data 1.53E–03 No data

1967 1.32E+01 1.21E+02 3.94E+05 4.24E–01 No data No data No data 1.53E–03 No data

1968 1.39E+00 3.15E+01 2.98E+05 4.47E–02 No data No data No data 1.53E–03 No data

1969 2.56E+00 2.40E+01 3.41E+05 8.24E–02 No data No data No data No data No data

1970 1.05E+00 1.73E+01 1.94E+05 3.39E–02 No data No data No data No data No data

1971 3.55E–02 1.78E–01 6.39E+05 1.14E–03 No data No data No data No data No data

1972 1.24E–02 1.15E–01 1.09E+04 4.01E–04 No data No data No data No data No data

1973 1.39E–02 9.77E–02 9.86E+03 4.47E–04 No data No data No data No data No data

1974 1.67E–02 9.77E–02 2.04E+04 5.38E–04 No data No data No data No data No data

1975 5.68E–03 No data 3.86E+03 2.66E–04 No data No data No data No data No data

1976 7.46E–03 No data 2.66E+03 1.95E–04 No data No data No data No data No data

1977 2.49E–03 No data 2.13E+03 0.00E+00 No data No data No data No data No data

1978 2.22E–03 No data 8.26E+02 3.55E–04 No data No data No data No data No data

1979 1.42E–03 No data 1.15E+03 4.44E–05 No data No data No data No data No data

1980 7.81E–04 No data 1.18E+04 5.33E–05 No data No data No data No data No data

1981 1.84E–03 No data 9.00E+03 0.00E+00 No data No data No data No data No data

1982 2.12E–03 No data 5.23E+03 0.00E+00 No data No data No data No data No data

1983 1.17E–03 No data 4.57E+03 1.15E–04 No data No data No data No data No data

1984 2.06E–03 No data 2.94E+03 2.66E–05 No data No data No data No data No data

1985 1.12E–02 No data 3.64E+03 5.59E–05 No data No data No data No data No data

1986 8.29E–03 No data 2.84E+03 4.00E–05 No data No data No data No data No data

1987 3.86E–03 No data 4.44E+03 1.42E–05 No data No data No data No data No data

1988 5.15E–03 No data 3.21E+03 1.78E–05 No data No data No data No data No data

1989 1.33E–03 No data 3.33E+03 2.66E–05 No data No data No data No data No data

1990 5.01E–04 No data 2.47E+03 6.22E–06 No data No data No data No data No data

1991 6.84E–04 No data 1.55E+03 0.00E+00 No data No data No data No data No data

1992 5.18E–04 No data 9.90E+02 2.13E–05 No data No data No data No data No data

1993 6.30E–04 No data 5.54E+02 3.46E–05 No data No data No data No data No data

1994 6.47E–04 No data 4.92E+02 2.75E–05 No data No data No data No data No data

1995 5.32E–04 No data 2.81E+02 1.07E–05 No data No data No data No data No data

1996 5.27E–04 No data 9.24E+02 7.10E–06 No data No data No data No data No data

1997 1.83E–03 No data 9.58E+02 0.00E+00 1.90E–04 3.97E–04 2.66E–04 No data No data

1998 4.54E–04 No data 1.34E+03 6.22E–06 1.60E–05 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 No data No data

1999 1.27E–04 No data 1.13E+03 1.33E–05 3.92E–04 3.92E–04 4.08E–04 No data No data

2000 3.62E–04 No data 3.04E+02 1.51E–05 2.58E–04 3.66E–04 3.29E–04 No data No data

2001 3.56E–04 No data 6.43E+02 2.66E–06 2.00E–04 2.70E–04 3.37E–04 No data No data

2002 3.34E–04 No data 4.66E+02 1.69E–05 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 No data No data

2003 No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data
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4.2.3.2 Sitewide Maximum Annual Average Effluent Inhalation Intakes

Sitewide maximum annual radionuclide intakes were calculated to estimate the upper 95th-percentile 

effluent intake. These intakes were calculated in a manner similar to the median intakes in Table 4-9. 

From 1971 to 2002, the maximum annual average onsite air monitoring station results (Tables C-13, 

C-14, and D-1 through D-30) were used to determine intake concentrations.

For years for which onsite air monitoring data were unavailable (before 1971) and annual effluent data 

were available, empirically derived onsite atmospheric dispersion factors (χ/Qs) for plutonium, 

polonium particulates, and HTO were used to estimate the intake air concentration. The χ/Q

derivation coupled the onsite air monitoring location indicating the highest annual average air 

concentration (238Pu, 210Po, and 3H concentration) with the corresponding effluent source term 

(Table 4-7). This derivation was repeated for an 11-year period (1973 to 1983) for plutonium and 

HTO and 1 year (1973) for polonium. For assigning an intake concentration, the 11- and 1-year 

average χ/Q was selected: 6.03 × 10-4 s/m3 for plutonium; 7.43 × 10-4 s/m3 for polonium, actinium, 

and thorium; and 5.90 × 10-7 s/m3 for gases or vapors [e.g., elemental tritium (tritiated gas) or HTO]. 

The dispersion factor data used to infer maximum annual average radionuclide intakes are listed in 

Table 4-10. The maximum intakes listed in Table 4-11 were derived by multiplying the maximum 

sitewide annual average effluent air concentrations by 2,400 m3/yr, which is the product of Reference 

Man’s default breathing rate (1.2 m3/hr) (ICRP 1975) and 2,000 work hours per year. The tritium 

intake was increased by a factor of 1.5 to account for skin absorption.

An estimate of the uncertainty associated with the median environmental intakes at Mound in 

Table 4-9 was made by assuming that the intakes are lognormally distributed and that the median 

intakes represent the 50th-percentile intake rate. The sitewide maximum annual average intakes in 

Table 4-11 are assumed to represent the upper 95th-percentile intake. The resulting geometric 

standard deviations (GSDs) are listed in Table 4-12.

Table 4-10. Inferred maximum onsite dispersion factors 

(χ/Q, s/m3) by radionuclide, 1983 to 1973. 

Year H-3 Pu-238

Po-210, Ac-227,

Th-228, and Ra-226

1983 3.12E–07 5.85E–04 No data

1982 4.16E–07 1.32E–04 No data

1981 5.78E–07 1.44E–03 No data

1980 3.43E–06 1.22E–04 No data

1979 1.11E–07 5.00E–04 No data

1978 3.87E–08 2.48E–04 No data

1977 1.80E–07 2.05E–04 No data

1976 1.32E–07 5.55E–04 No data

1975 1.14E–07 1.41E–03 No data

1974 9.85E–07 9.11E–04 No data

1973 1.89E–07 5.21E–04 7.43E–04

N 11 11 1

Minimum 3.87E–08 1.22E–04 7.43E–04

Maximum 3.43E–06 1.44E–03 7.43E–04

Mean 5.90E–07 6.03E–04 7.43E–04

Table 4-11. Sitewide maximum annual intakes (Bq). 

Year Pu-238 Po-210 HTO

Pu239/240 Th-232 Th-230 Th-228 Ac-227 Ra-226

1949 No data 1.53E+01 No data No data No data No data No data No data No data

1950 No data 1.53E+01 No data No data No data No data No data No data No data

1951 No data 1.53E+01 No data No data No data No data 1.05E–04 6.37E–05 1.40E–04

1952 No data 1.53E+01 No data No data No data No data 1.05E–04 6.37E–05 1.40E–04
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Year Pu-238 Po-210 HTO

Pu239/240 Th-232 Th-230 Th-228 Ac-227 Ra-226

1953 No data 1.53E+01 No data No data No data No data 1.05E–04 6.37E–05 1.40E–04

1954 No data 1.83E+01 4.88E+04 No data No data No data No data No data No data

1955 No data 2.20E+01 5.36E+04 No data No data No data No data No data No data

1956 No data 2.64E+01 5.90E+04 No data No data No data No data No data No data

1957 No data 3.17E+01 6.49E+04 No data No data No data No data No data No data

1958 No data 3.80E+01 7.14E+04 No data No data No data No data No data No data

1959 No data 4.56E+01 7.85E+04 No data No data No data No data No data No data

1960 4.24E+02 5.47E+01 2.55E+05 1.37E+01 No data No data No data No data No data

1961 2.71E–01 6.57E+01 5.99E+05 8.74E–03 No data No data No data No data No data

1962 2.37E–01 7.88E+01 6.09E+05 7.65E–03 No data No data No data No data No data

1963 1.83E–01 9.46E+01 7.82E+05 5.90E–03 No data No data No data No data No data

1964 4.27E–01 1.13E+02 6.54E+05 1.38E–02 No data No data No data 2.22E–03 No data

1965 9.84E+00 1.36E+02 5.15E+05 3.17E–01 No data No data No data 2.22E–03 No data

1966 5.16E+01 1.63E+02 4.97E+05 1.66E+00 No data No data No data 2.22E–03 No data

1967 9.22E+01 1.76E+02 9.08E+05 2.97E+00 No data No data No data 2.22E–03 No data

1968 9.70E+00 4.57E+01 6.87E+05 3.13E–01 No data No data No data 2.22E–03 No data

1969 1.79E+01 3.48E+01 7.85E+05 5.76E–01 No data No data No data No data No data

1970 7.36E+00 2.51E+01 4.47E+05 2.37E–01 No data No data No data No data No data

1971 3.55E–02 3.55E–01 7.19E+05 1.14E–03 No data No data No data No data No data

1972 3.55E–02 2.04E–01 2.66E+04 1.14E–03 No data No data No data No data No data

1973 1.23E–01 1.33E–01 1.29E+04 3.97E–03 No data No data No data No data No data

1974 7.18E–02 1.07E–01 4.26E+04 2.31E–03 No data No data No data No data No data

1975 9.15E–02 No data 4.53E+03 1.95E–03 No data No data No data No data No data

1976 2.34E–02 No data 3.46E+03 8.17E–04 No data No data No data No data No data

1977 6.93E–03 No data 3.73E+03 8.88E–04 No data No data No data No data No data

1978 9.77E–03 No data 1.20E+03 4.44E–04 No data No data No data No data No data

1979 1.69E–02 No data 1.80E+03 2.84E–04 No data No data No data No data No data

1980 5.15E–03 No data 5.50E+04 1.33E–04 No data No data No data No data No data

1981 3.23E–02 No data 1.05E+04 2.66E–05 No data No data No data No data No data

1982 7.81E–03 No data 7.53E+03 2.66E–05 No data No data No data No data No data

1983 6.59E–03 No data 5.66E+03 1.78E–04 No data No data No data No data No data

1984 1.12E–02 No data 3.77E+03 6.22E–05 No data No data No data No data No data

1985 1.62E–02 No data 4.36E+03 9.59E–05 No data No data No data No data No data

1986 1.58E–02 No data 5.45E+03 9.06E–05 No data No data No data No data No data

1987 1.68E–02 No data 5.17E+03 6.22E–05 No data No data No data No data No data

1988 7.10E–03 No data 5.41E+03 5.33E–05 No data No data No data No data No data

1989 4.08E–03 No data 4.13E+03 4.44E–05 No data No data No data No data No data

1990 3.11E–03 No data 5.11E+03 2.49E–05 No data No data No data No data No data

1991 3.04E–03 No data 5.18E+03 0.00E+00 No data No data No data No data No data

1992 1.98E–03 No data 2.20E+03 3.29E–05 No data No data No data No data No data

1993 3.68E–03 No data 9.00E+02 1.18E–04 No data No data No data No data No data

1994 3.15E–02 No data 1.00E+03 3.11E–04 No data No data No data No data No data

1995 2.90E–02 No data 4.46E+02 1.40E–04 No data No data No data No data No data

1996 7.91E–03 No data 1.26E+03 1.32E–04 No data No data No data No data No data

1997 5.12E–03 No data 1.57E+03 1.65E–04 3.61E–04 5.48E–04 3.89E–04 No data No data

1998 6.75E–04 No data 1.79E+03 6.22E–06 3.55E–05 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 No data No data

1999 1.39E–04 No data 2.65E+03 2.13E–05 4.40E–04 5.14E–04 4.93E–04 No data No data

2000 9.85E–04 No data 5.89E+02 1.51E–05 5.86E–04 8.01E–04 6.60E–04 No data No data

2001 1.41E–03 No data 1.01E+03 1.78E–05 2.50E–04 3.47E–04 3.82E–04 No data No data

2002 8.32E–04 No data 1.51E+03 2.93E–05 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 No data No data

2003 No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data

Table 4-12. GSD for effluent intakes at Mound.

a

Year Pu-238 Po-210 H-3

Pu239/240 Th-232 Th-230 Th-228 Ac-227 Ra-226

1949 No data 1.3 1.7 No data No data No data No data No data No data

1950 No data 1.3 1.7 No data No data No data No data No data No data

1951 No data 1.3 1.7 No data No data No data 1.3 1.3 1.3

1952 No data 1.3 1.7 No data No data No data 1.3 1.3 1.3
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Year Pu-238 Po-210 H-3

Pu239/240 Th-232 Th-230 Th-228 Ac-227 Ra-226

1953 No data 1.3 1.7 No data No data No data 1.3 1.3 1.3

1954 No data 1.3 1.7 No data No data No data No data No data No data

1955 No data 1.3 1.7 No data No data No data No data No data No data

1956 No data 1.3 1.7 No data No data No data No data No data No data

1957 No data 1.3 1.7 No data No data No data No data No data No data

1958 No data 1.3 1.7 No data No data No data No data No data No data

1959 No data 1.3 1.7 No data No data No data No data No data No data

1960 3.2 1.3 1.7 3.2 No data No data No data No data No data

1961 3.2 1.3 1.7 3.2 No data No data No data No data No data

1962 3.2 1.3 1.7 3.2 No data No data No data No data No data

1963 3.2 1.3 1.7 3.2 No data No data No data No data No data

1964 3.2 1.3 1.7 3.2 No data No data No data 1.3 No data

1965 3.2 1.3 1.7 3.2 No data No data No data 1.3 No data

1966 3.2 1.3 1.7 3.2 No data No data No data 1.3 No data

1967 3.2 1.3 1.7 3.2 No data No data No data 1.3 No data

1968 3.2 1.3 1.7 3.2 No data No data No data 1.3 No data

1969 3.2 1.3 1.7 3.2 No data No data No data No data No data

1970 3.2 1.3 1.7 3.2 No data No data No data No data No data

1971 1.0 1.5 1.1 1.0 No data No data No data No data No data

1972 1.9 1.4 1.7 1.9 No data No data No data No data No data

1973 3.7 1.2 1.2 3.7 No data No data No data No data No data

1974 2.4 1.1 1.6 2.4 No data No data No data No data No data

1975 5.4 No data 1.1 3.3 No data No data No data No data No data

1976 2.0 No data 1.2 2.4 No data No data No data No data No data

1977 1.9 No data 1.4 <EL No data No data No data No data No data

1978 2.4 No data 1.3 1.1 No data No data No data No data No data

1979 4.5 No data 1.3 3.1 No data No data No data No data No data

1980 3.1 No data 2.5 1.7 No data No data No data No data No data

1981 5.6 No data 1.1 <EL No data No data No data No data No data

1982 2.2 No data 1.2 <EL No data No data No data No data No data

1983 2.8 No data 1.1 1.3 No data No data No data No data No data

1984 2.8 No data 1.2 1.7 No data No data No data No data No data

1985 1.2 No data 1.1 1.4 No data No data No data No data No data

1986 1.5 No data 1.5 1.6 No data No data No data No data No data

1987 2.4 No data 1.1 2.4 No data No data No data No data No data

1988 1.2 No data 1.4 1.9 No data No data No data No data No data

1989 2.0 No data 1.1 1.7 No data No data No data No data No data

1990 3.0 No data 1.6 2.3 No data No data No data No data No data

1991 2.5 No data 2.1 <EL No data No data No data No data No data

1992 2.3 No data 1.6 1.3 No data No data No data No data No data

1993 2.9 No data 1.3 2.1 No data No data No data No data No data

1994 10.4 No data 1.5 4.3 No data No data No data No data No data

1995 11.2 No data 1.3 4.7 No data No data No data No data No data

1996 5.1 No data 1.2 5.8 1.3 1.3 1.2 No data No data

1997 1.9 No data 1.3 <EL 1.5 1.2 1.3 No data No data

1998 1.3 No data 1.2 1.0 1.6 <EL <EL No data No data

1999 1.1 No data 1.7 1.3 1.1 1.2 1.1 No data No data

2000 1.8 No data 1.5 1.0 1.6 1.6 1.5 No data No data

2001 2.3 No data 1.3 3.1 1.1 1.2 1.1 No data No data

2002 1.7 No data 2.0 1.7 <EL <EL <EL No data No data

2003 No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data

Mean 

GSD

3.1 1.3 1.5 2.6 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.3

a. <EL – 50th-percentile intake concentration is less than the environmental level measured 28 mi off site.
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 02 Effective Date: 07/02/2019 Page 27 of 111

 

4.2.4 Annual Effluent Submersion External Exposures

Annual average air submersion external exposures were calculated by multiplying the effluent air 

intake concentrations in Table 4-2 by 2,000 work hours per year as listed in Table 4-13. To assess 

the magnitude of submersion dose, the values in Table 4-13 were multiplied by the effective dose 

coefficient for air submersion (Eckerman and Ryman 1993). The results of the assessment indicate 

that the annual effective submersion dose from all radionuclides in Mound effluents was less than 

5.0 × 10-10 Sv (<1 mrem) in any year during Mound operations. As a consequence, because the 

annual dose is several orders of magnitude less than 1 mrem, dose reconstructors need not consider 

submersion dose from effluents. 

4.2.5 Resuspension Intakes, Submersion External Exposures, and Ground Layer External 

Exposures Attributed to Soil Contamination

This analysis estimated the intake of radionuclides resuspended from soil at the Mound facility using a 

sitewide average profile of radionuclide soil concentrations measured in 30-cm-thick soil samples 

(Lyons 2003). The analysis assumes that all soil samples were obtained in 1990. In addition, the 

assumption that is favorable to claimants that the soil contamination is due to a combination of spills, 

pipeline breaks, and effluent deposition in 1949 was made. As a result, 1990 radionuclide 

concentrations were decay-corrected to obtain radionuclide activities in 1949, 1950, 1955, 1960, 

1965, 1970, 1975, 1980, and 1985 to provide an estimate of radiological conditions for each period 

(see Tables 4-14 through 4-19). No decay correction was applied to radionuclides with a relatively 

long half-life or radionuclide progeny in secular equilibrium with a long-lived parent radionuclide in the 

soil. Plutonium and americium soil contamination from SRS feed material is assumed to be present 

beginning in 1960.

Because there are no 210Po soil data available, the 210Po soil concentrations in Tables 4-14 through 

4-19 were inferred based on the relationship between the sum of 238Pu effluent from 1960 to 1983 

(362,670 μCi) and the decay-corrected soil concentration of 238Pu in 1960 (2,160.8 Bq/kg). The 

resulting ratio of 5.96 × 10-3 Bq/kg per μCi emitted was applied to the 1949 through 1974 annual 210Po 

emissions. To account for the buildup and decay of 210Po in soil, 16% of the previous year’s 210Po soil 

concentration was added to the next consecutive year’s 210Po soil concentration starting in 1950, 

because after 1 year, only 16% of the original 210Po activity remains. The highest 210Po soil 

concentration in the periods in Tables 4-14 through 4-19 was used in the calculations. Because 

effluent emissions of 210Po at Mound ceased in 1974, 210Po soil contamination is assumed to have 

decayed by 1975.

The mean soil concentrations (picocuries per gram) were converted to resuspension concentrations 

using the four-factor formula in ORAUT (2005, Equation 3-3). Resuspension air concentrations were 

used to calculate (1) external exposures by submersion and (2) submersion (resuspension) intakes 

(becquerels) by multiplying the air concentrations by 2,000 hr/yr and using a breathing rate of 

2,400 m3/yr for inhalation intake. Resuspension intakes for 3H, 238Pu, 239/240Pu, and 210Po were not 

calculated because the derivation of the inhalation intakes in Table 4-9 already accounts for soil 

resuspension intakes at the Mound Plant. The results are listed in Tables 4-14 through 4-19 and are 

applicable (persist) for the indicated periods.
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 02 Effective Date: 07/02/2019 Page 28 of 111

Table 4-13. Annual average effluent submersion external exposures by year and radionuclide (Bq s/m3). 

Year Pu-238 Po-210 HTO Pu-236 Pu-239/240 Pu-242 Pu-241 U-234 Np-237 Am-241 Pa-231 Th-232 U-232 U-235 U-236 Ac-227

1949 No data 3.16E+04 No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data

1950 No data 3.16E+04 No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data

1951 No data 3.16E+04 No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data

1952 No data 3.16E+04 No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data

1953 No data 3.16E+04 No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data

1954 No data 3.79E+04 4.23E+07 No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data

1955 No data 4.54E+04 4.66E+07 No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data

1956 No data 5.45E+04 5.12E+07 No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data

1957 No data 6.54E+04 5.63E+07 No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data

1958 No data 7.85E+04 6.20E+07 No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data

1959 No data 9.42E+04 6.82E+07 No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data

1960 1.82E+05 1.13E+05 2.21E+08 7.02E–01 5.86E+03 5.25E–02 8.21E+03 1.57E–01 2.80E–03 2.27E+01 6.25E–03 1.45E–08 2.96E+00 2.86E–07 8.57E–06 9.58E+00

1961 1.16E+02 1.36E+05 5.20E+08 4.49E–04 3.75E+00 3.36E–05 5.25E+00 1.00E–04 1.79E–06 1.45E–02 4.00E–06 9.30E–12 1.89E–03 1.83E–10 5.48E–09 6.13E–03

1962 1.02E+02 1.63E+05 5.29E+08 3.93E–04 3.28E+00 2.94E–05 4.60E+00 8.76E–05 1.57E–06 1.27E–02 3.50E–06 8.13E–12 1.66E–03 1.60E–10 4.80E–09 5.36E–03

1963 7.85E+01 1.95E+05 6.79E+08 3.03E–04 2.53E+00 2.26E–05 3.55E+00 6.76E–05 1.21E–06 9.81E–03 2.70E–06 6.27E–12 1.28E–03 1.24E–10 3.70E–09 4.14E–03

1964 1.83E+02 2.34E+05 5.68E+08 7.07E–04 5.90E+00 5.28E–05 8.27E+00 1.58E–04 2.82E–06 2.29E–02 6.30E–06 1.46E–11 2.98E–03 2.88E–10 8.63E–09 9.65E–03

1965 4.22E+03 2.81E+05 4.47E+08 1.63E–02 1.36E+02 1.22E–03 1.91E+02 3.63E–03 6.50E–05 5.27E–01 1.45E–04 3.37E–10 6.87E–02 6.64E–09 1.99E–07 2.22E–01

1967 3.95E+04 3.64E+05 7.88E+08 1.53E–01 1.27E+03 1.14E–02 1.78E+03 3.40E–02 6.09E–04 4.94E+00 1.36E–03 3.16E–09 6.44E–01 6.22E–08 1.86E–06 2.08E+00

1968 4.16E+03 9.44E+04 5.96E+08 1.61E–02 1.34E+02 1.20E–03 1.88E+02 3.58E–03 6.41E–05 5.19E–01 1.43E–04 3.32E–10 6.77E–02 6.54E–09 1.96E–07 2.19E–01

1968 2.21E+04 3.38E+05 4.31E+08 8.54E–02 7.13E+02 6.38E–03 1.00E+03 1.91E–02 3.41E–04 2.76E+00 7.61E–04 1.77E–09 3.60E–01 3.48E–08 1.04E–06 1.17E+00

1969 7.67E+03 7.20E+04 6.82E+08 2.96E–02 2.47E+02 2.21E–03 3.46E+02 6.60E–03 1.18E–04 9.58E–01 2.64E–04 6.13E–10 1.25E–01 1.21E–08 3.61E–07 4.04E–01

1970 3.16E+03 5.18E+04 3.88E+08 1.22E–02 1.02E+02 9.11E–04 1.43E+02 2.72E–03 4.86E–05 3.94E–01 1.09E–04 2.52E–10 5.14E–02 4.97E–09 1.49E–07 1.66E–01

1971 1.07E+02 1.07E+03 1.44E+09 4.11E–04 3.43E+00 3.07E–05 4.81E+00 9.17E–05 1.64E–06 1.33E–02 3.66E–06 8.51E–12 1.74E–03 1.68E–10 5.02E–09 5.61E–03

1972 3.73E+01 3.46E+02 2.18E+07 1.44E–04 1.20E+00 1.08E–05 1.68E+00 3.21E–05 5.75E–07 4.66E–03 1.28E–06 2.98E–12 6.07E–04 5.87E–11 1.76E–09 1.96E–03

1973 4.16E+01 3.04E+02 1.97E+07 1.60E–04 1.34E+00 1.20E–05 1.88E+00 3.58E–05 6.41E–07 5.19E–03 1.43E–06 3.32E–12 6.77E–04 6.54E–11 1.96E–09 2.19E–03

1974 5.01E+01 2.93E+02 4.08E+07 1.93E–04 1.61E+00 1.45E–05 2.26E+00 4.31E–05 7.72E–07 6.26E–03 1.72E–06 4.00E–12 8.16E–04 7.88E–11 2.36E–09 2.64E–03

1975 1.70E+01 No data 7.73E+06 6.58E–05 7.99E–01 4.92E–06 7.70E–01 1.47E–05 2.63E–07 2.13E–03 5.86E–07 1.36E–12 2.78E–04 2.68E–11 8.03E–10 8.98E–04

1976 2.24E+01 No data 5.33E+06 8.64E–05 5.86E–01 6.45E–06 1.01E+00 1.93E–05 3.45E–07 2.80E–03 7.69E–07 1.79E–12 3.64E–04 3.52E–11 1.05E–09 1.18E–03

1977 7.46E+00 No data 4.26E+06 2.88E–05 0.00E+00 2.15E–06 3.37E–01 6.42E–06 1.15E–07 9.32E–04 2.56E–07 5.96E–13 1.21E–04 1.17E–11 3.51E–10 3.93E–04

1978 6.66E+00 No data 1.65E+06 2.57E–05 1.07E+00 1.92E–06 3.01E–01 5.73E–06 1.03E–07 8.32E–04 2.29E–07 5.32E–13 1.08E–04 1.05E–11 3.14E–10 3.51E–04

1979 4.26E+00 No data 2.29E+06 1.65E–05 1.33E–01 1.23E–06 1.92E–01 3.67E–06 6.57E–08 5.32E–04 1.47E–07 3.41E–13 6.94E–05 6.71E–12 2.01E–10 2.25E–04

1980 2.34E+00 No data 2.37E+07 9.05E–06 1.60E–01 6.76E–07 1.06E–01 2.02E–06 3.61E–08 2.93E–04 8.06E–08 1.87E–13 3.82E–05 3.69E–12 1.10E–10 1.23E–04

1981 5.51E+00 No data 1.80E+07 2.13E–05 0.00E+00 1.59E–06 2.49E–01 4.75E–06 8.49E–08 6.89E–04 1.90E–07 4.41E–13 8.98E–05 8.68E–12 2.60E–10 2.90E–04

1982 6.37E+00 No data 1.05E+07 2.46E–05 0.00E+00 1.84E–06 2.88E–01 5.48E–06 9.81E–08 7.95E–04 2.19E–07 5.09E–13 1.04E–04 1.00E–11 3.00E–10 3.35E–04

1983 3.52E+00 No data 9.14E+06 1.36E–05 3.46E–01 1.01E–06 1.59E–01 3.03E–06 5.42E–08 4.39E–04 1.21E–07 2.81E–13 5.73E–05 5.53E–12 1.66E–10 1.85E–04

1984 6.18E+00 No data 5.89E+06 2.39E–05 7.99E–02 1.78E–06 2.79E–01 5.32E–06 9.52E–08 7.72E–04 2.12E–07 4.94E–13 1.01E–04 9.72E–12 2.91E–10 3.26E–04

1985 3.36E+01 No data 7.27E+06 1.30E–04 1.68E–01 9.68E–06 1.52E+00 2.89E–05 5.17E–07 4.19E–03 1.15E–06 2.68E–12 5.47E–04 5.28E–11 1.58E–09 1.77E–03

1986 2.49E+01 No data 5.67E+06 9.60E–05 1.20E–01 7.18E–06 1.12E+00 2.14E–05 3.83E–07 3.11E–03 8.55E–07 1.99E–12 4.05E–04 3.91E–11 1.17E–09 1.31E–03

1987 1.16E+01 No data 8.87E+06 4.47E–05 4.26E–02 3.34E–06 5.23E–01 9.97E–06 1.79E–07 1.45E–03 3.98E–07 9.26E–13 1.89E–04 1.82E–11 5.46E–10 6.10E–04

1988 1.55E+01 No data 6.42E+06 5.96E–05 5.33E–02 4.46E–06 6.98E–01 1.33E–05 2.38E–07 1.93E–03 5.31E–07 1.23E–12 2.52E–04 2.43E–11 7.28E–10 8.14E–04

1989 4.00E+00 No data 6.66E+06 1.54E–05 7.99E–02 1.15E–06 1.80E–01 3.44E–06 6.16E–08 4.99E–04 1.37E–07 3.19E–13 6.51E–05 6.29E–12 1.88E–10 2.10E–04

1990 1.50E+00 No data 4.95E+06 5.80E–06 1.86E–02 4.33E–07 6.79E–02 1.29E–06 2.31E–08 1.88E–04 5.17E–08 1.20E–13 2.45E–05 2.36E–12 7.08E–11 7.91E–05

1991 2.05E+00 No data 3.10E+06 7.92E–06 0.00E+00 5.92E–07 9.26E–02 1.77E–06 3.16E–08 2.56E–04 7.05E–08 1.64E–13 3.34E–05 3.23E–12 9.67E–11 1.08E–04

1992 1.55E+00 No data 1.98E+06 5.99E–06 6.39E–02 4.48E–07 7.01E–02 1.34E–06 2.39E–08 1.94E–04 5.34E–08 1.24E–13 2.53E–05 2.44E–12 7.32E–11 8.18E–05

1993 1.89E+00 No data 1.11E+06 7.30E–06 1.04E–01 5.46E–07 8.54E–02 1.63E–06 2.91E–08 2.36E–04 6.50E–08 1.51E–13 3.08E–05 2.98E–12 8.91E–11 9.96E–05

1994 1.94E+02 No data 9.83E+05 7.50E–04 8.26E–02 5.60E–05 8.77E+00 1.67E–04 2.99E–06 2.43E–02 6.68E–06 1.55E–11 3.16E–03 3.06E–10 9.15E–09 1.02E–02

1995 1.60E+00 No data 5.62E+05 6.16E–06 3.20E–02 4.60E–07 7.21E–02 1.37E–06 2.46E–08 1.99E–04 5.49E–08 1.27E–13 2.60E–05 2.51E–12 7.52E–11 8.41E–05

1996 1.58E+00 No data 1.85E+06 6.11E–06 2.13E–02 4.56E–07 7.15E–02 1.36E–06 2.44E–08 1.98E–04 5.44E–08 1.26E–13 2.58E–05 2.49E–12 7.46E–11 8.33E–05

1997 5.49E+00 No data 1.92E+06 2.12E–05 1.77E–01 1.58E–06 2.48E–01 4.72E–06 8.45E–08 6.85E–04 1.89E–07 5.70E–01 8.94E–05 8.63E–12 2.59E–10 2.89E–04

1998 1.36E+00 No data 2.68E+06 5.25E–06 1.86E–02 3.93E–07 6.15E–02 1.17E–06 2.10E–08 1.70E–04 4.68E–08 4.80E–02 2.22E–05 2.14E–12 6.41E–11 7.17E–05

1999 3.81E–01 No data 2.25E+06 1.47E–06 4.00E–02 1.10E–07 1.72E–02 3.28E–07 5.87E–09 4.76E–05 1.31E–08 1.18E+00 6.20E–06 5.99E–13 1.80E–11 2.01E–05

2000 1.09E+00 No data 6.07E+05 4.19E–06 4.53E–02 3.13E–07 4.91E–02 9.36E–07 1.67E–08 1.36E–04 3.74E–08 7.75E–01 1.77E–05 1.71E–12 5.12E–11 5.72E–05

2001 1.07E+00 No data 1.29E+06 4.12E–06 7.99E–03 3.08E–07 4.82E–02 9.19E–07 1.65E–08 1.33E–04 3.67E–08 5.99E–01 1.74E–05 1.68E–12 5.03E–11 5.63E–05

2002 1.14E+00 No data 9.32E+05 4.40E–06 6.13E–02 3.29E–07 5.15E–02 9.81E–07 1.76E–08 1.42E–04 3.92E–08 2.00E–02 1.86E–05 1.79E–12 5.37E–11 6.01E–05

2003 No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 02 Effective Date: 07/02/2019 Page 29 of 111

Table 4-14. Annual average ground layer external exposure, resuspension submersion external exposure, and resuspension submersion 

intake by radionuclide, 1949. 

Nuclide

Half-life

(yr)

Mean 

soil 

(Bq/kg)

Airborne 

(Bq/m3)

Submersion

intake 

(Bq)a

ICRP (1995) 

DCF (Sv/Bq)

Submersion 

intake dose 

(Sv)

External 

submersion 

(Bq s/m3)

a

Effective

DCF 

[Sv/(Bq s/m3)]

Submersion 

effective

dose

(Sv)

Soil layerb

(Bq s/m3)

a

Infinite

thickness 

DCF 

[Sv/(Bq s/m3)]

Soil

exposure 

dose

(Sv/yr)

Th-227 5.12E–02 12.58 1.61E–06 3.86E–03 7.60E–06 2.94E–08 1.16E+01 4.88E–15 5.66E–14 1.45E+11 2.79E–18 4.04E–07

Am-241c 4.32E+02 No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data

Pu-238c No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data

Pu-239/240c No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data

Pu-241c No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data

Co-60 5.27E+00 732.60 9.38E–05 2.25E–01 1.70E–08 3.83E–09 6.75E+02 1.26E–13 8.51E–11 8.44E+12 8.68E–17 7.33E–04

Pa-231 3.28E+04 42.18 5.40E–06 1.30E–02 8.90E–05 1.15E–06 3.89E+01 1.72E–15 6.69E–14 4.86E+11 1.02E–18 4.96E–07

Th-230 7.70E+04 110.26 1.41E–05 3.39E–02 2.80E–05 9.48E–07 1.02E+02 1.74E–17 1.77E–15 1.27E+12 6.47E–21 8.22E–09

Th-232 1.41E+10 51.06 6.54E–06 1.57E–02 2.90E–05 4.55E–07 4.71E+01 8.72E–18 4.10E–16 5.88E+11 2.79E–21 1.64E–09

Ac-228 6.99E–04 37.37 4.78E–06 1.15E–02 2.90E–08 3.33E–10 3.44E+01 4.78E–14 1.65E–12 4.31E+11 3.20E–17 1.38E–05

Ra-228 5.76E+00 37.37 4.78E–06 1.15E–02 1.70E–06 1.95E–08 3.44E+01 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 4.31E+11 0.00E+00 0.00E+00

Bi-207 3.22E+01 5.37 6.87E–07 1.65E–03 3.20E–09 5.27E–12 4.94E+00 7.54E–14 3.73E–13 6.18E+10 5.02E–17 3.10E–06

Bi-210 1.37E–02 2.96 3.79E–07 9.09E–04 6.00E–08 5.46E–11 2.73E+00 3.29E–17 8.97E–17 3.41E+10 1.93E–20 6.58E–10

Bi-210m 3.00E+06 2.96 3.79E–07 9.09E–04 2.10E–06 1.91E–09 2.73E+00 1.22E–14 3.33E–14 3.41E+10 7.37E–18 2.51E–07

Bi-214 3.78E–05 28.86 3.69E–06 8.87E–03 2.10E–08 1.86E–10 2.66E+01 7.65E–14 2.03E–12 3.32E+11 5.25E–17 1.75E–05

Ra-226 1.60E+03 48.10 6.16E–06 1.48E–02 2.20E–06 3.25E–08 4.43E+01 3.15E–16 1.40E–14 5.54E+11 1.70E–19 9.42E–08

Cs-137 3.02E+01 22.79 2.92E–06 7.00E–03 6.70E–09 4.69E–11 2.10E+01 7.74E–18 1.63E–16 2.63E+11 4.02E–21 1.06E–09

Ba-137m 8.08E–08 22.79 2.92E–06 7.00E–03 See Cs-137 See Cs-137 2.10E+01 2.88E–14 6.05E–13 2.63E+11 1.93E–17 5.07E–06

Eu-152 1.34E+01 27.75 3.55E–06 8.52E–03 2.70E–08 2.30E–10 2.56E+01 5.65E–14 1.44E–12 3.20E+11 3.75E–17 1.20E–05

Eu-154 8.50E+00 125.80 1.61E–05 3.86E–02 3.50E–08 1.35E–09 1.16E+02 6.14E–14 7.12E–12 1.45E+12 4.11E–17 5.96E–05

Np-237 2.14E+06 0.74 9.47E–08 2.27E–04 1.50E–05 3.41E–09 6.82E–01 1.03E–15 7.02E–16 8.52E+09 4.17E–19 3.55E–09

Pu-242c No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data

Sr-90 2.86E+01 71.78 9.19E–06 2.21E–02 7.70E–08 1.70E–09 6.62E+01 7.53E–18 4.98E–16 8.27E+11 3.77E–21 3.12E–09

Y-90 7.30E–03 71.78 9.19E–06 2.21E–02 1.70E–09 3.75E–11 6.62E+01 1.90E–16 1.26E–14 8.27E+11 1.28E–19 1.06E–07

Tc-99 2.13E+05 50.32 6.44E–06 1.55E–02 3.20E–09 4.95E–11 4.64E+01 1.62E–18 7.51E–17 5.80E+11 6.72E–22 3.90E–10

H-3 1.23E+01 1,058.20 1.35E–04 (d) 4.50E–11 (d) 9.75E+02 3.31E–19 3.23E–16 1.22E+13 0.00E+00 0.00E+00

Po-210 3.79E–01 48,396.00 6.19E–03 (d) 2.20E–06 (d) 4.46E+04 4.16E–19 1.86E–14 5.58E+14 2.80E–22 1.56E–07

Total Not applicable Not applicable Not applicable Not applicable Not applicable 5.09E–06 Not applicable Not applicable 9.85E–11 Not applicable Not applicable 8.45E–04

a. Based on an exposure duration of 2,000 hr/yr.

b. Uppermost 30 cm of soil layer [adapted from Lyons (2003)].

c. Plutonium and americium not environmental contaminants until 1960.

d. H-3 and Po-210 resuspension taken into account in derivation of effluent intakes.
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 02 Effective Date: 07/02/2019 Page 30 of 111

Table 4-15. Annual average ground layer external exposure, resuspension submersion external exposure, and resuspension submersion 

intake by radionuclide, 1950 through 1959. 

Nuclide

Half-life

(yr)

Mean 

soil 

(Bq/kg)

Airborne 

(Bq/m3)

Submersion

intake 

(Bq)a 

ICRP (1995) 

DCF (Sv/Bq)

Submersion 

intake dose 

(Sv)

External 

submersion 

(Bq s/m3)

a 

Effective

DCF 

[Sv/(Bq s/m3)]

Submersion 

effective

dose

(Sv)

Soil layerb

(Bq s/m3)

a 

Infinite

thickness 

DCF 

[Sv/(Bq s/m3)]

Soil

exposure 

dose

(Sv/yr)

Ac-227 2.18E+01 12.58 1.61E–06 3.86E–03 6.30E–04 2.43E–06 1.16E+01 5.82E–18 6.75E–17 1.45E+11 2.65E–21 3.84E–10

Th-227 5.12E–02 12.58 1.61E–06 3.86E–03 7.60E–06 2.94E–08 1.16E+01 4.88E–15 5.66E–14 1.45E+11 2.79E–18 4.04E–07

Am-241c 4.32E+02 No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data

Pu-238c No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data

Pu-239/240c No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data

Pu-241c No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data

Co-60 5.27E+00 640.10 8.19E–05 1.97E–01 1.70E–08 3.34E–09 5.90E+02 1.26E–13 7.43E–11 7.37E+12 8.68E–17 6.40E–04

Pa-231 3.28E+04 42.18 5.40E–06 1.30E–02 8.90E–05 1.15E–06 3.89E+01 1.72E–15 6.69E–14 4.86E+11 1.02E–18 4.96E–07

Th-230 7.70E+04 110.26 1.41E–05 3.39E–02 2.80E–05 9.48E–07 1.02E+02 1.74E–17 1.77E–15 1.27E+12 6.47E–21 8.22E–09

Th-232 1.41E+10 51.06 6.54E–06 1.57E–02 2.90E–05 4.55E–07 4.71E+01 8.72E–18 4.10E–16 5.88E+11 2.79E–21 1.64E–09

Ac-228 6.99E–04 37.37 4.78E–06 1.15E–02 2.90E–08 3.33E–10 3.44E+01 4.78E–14 1.65E–12 4.31E+11 3.20E–17 1.38E–05

Ra-228 5.76E+00 37.37 4.78E–06 1.15E–02 1.70E–06 1.95E–08 3.44E+01 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 4.31E+11 0.00E+00 0.00E+00

Bi-207 3.22E+01 5.25 6.73E–07 1.61E–03 3.20E–09 5.16E–12 4.84E+00 7.54E–14 3.65E–13 6.05E+10 5.02E–17 3.04E–06

Bi-210 1.37E–02 2.96 3.79E–07 9.09E–04 6.00E–08 5.46E–11 2.73E+00 3.29E–17 8.97E–17 3.41E+10 1.93E–20 6.58E–10

Bi-210m 3.00E+06 2.96 3.79E–07 9.09E–04 2.10E–06 1.91E–09 2.73E+00 1.22E–14 3.33E–14 3.41E+10 7.37E–18 2.51E–07

Bi-214 3.78E–05 28.86 3.69E–06 8.87E–03 2.10E–08 1.86E–10 2.66E+01 7.65E–14 2.03E–12 3.32E+11 5.25E–17 1.75E–05

Ra-226 1.60E+03 48.10 6.16E–06 1.48E–02 2.20E–06 3.25E–08 4.43E+01 3.15E–16 1.40E–14 5.54E+11 1.70E–19 9.42E–08

Cs-137 3.02E+01 22.27 2.85E–06 6.84E–03 6.70E–09 4.58E–11 2.05E+01 7.74E–18 1.59E–16 2.57E+11 4.02E–21 1.03E–09

Ba-137m 8.08E–08 22.27 2.85E–06 6.84E–03 See Cs-137 See Cs-137 2.05E+01 2.88E–14 5.91E–13 2.57E+11 1.93E–17 4.95E–06

Eu-152 1.34E+01 26.38 3.38E–06 8.10E–03 2.70E–08 2.19E–10 2.43E+01 5.65E–14 1.37E–12 3.04E+11 3.75E–17 1.14E–05

Eu-154 8.50E+00 115.81 1.48E–05 3.56E–02 3.50E–08 1.25E–09 1.07E+02 6.14E–14 6.55E–12 1.33E+12 4.11E–17 5.48E–05

Np-237 2.14E+06 0.74 9.47E–08 2.27E–04 1.50E–05 3.41E–09 6.82E–01 1.03E–15 7.02E–16 8.52E+09 4.17E–19 3.55E–09

Pu-242c No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data No data

Sr-90 2.86E+01 70.30 9.00E–06 2.16E–02 7.70E–08 1.66E–09 6.48E+01 7.53E–18 4.88E–16 8.10E+11 3.77E–21 3.05E–09

Y-90 7.30E–03 70.30 9.00E–06 2.16E–02 1.70E–09 3.67E–11 6.48E+01 1.90E–16 1.23E–14 8.10E+11 1.28E–19 1.04E–07

Tc-99 2.13E+05 50.32 6.44E–06 1.55E–02 3.20E–09 4.95E–11 4.64E+01 1.62E–18 7.51E–17 5.80E+11 6.72E–22 3.90E–10

H-3 1.23E+01 1,002.70 1.28E–04 (d) 4.50E–11 (d) 9.24E+02 3.31E–19 3.06E–16 1.16E+13 0.00E+00 0.00E+00

Po-210 3.79E–01 126.17 1.61E–05 (d) 2.20E–06 (d) 1.16E+02 4.16E–19 4.84E–17 1.45E+12 2.80E–22 4.07E–10

Total Not applicable Not applicable Not applicable Not applicable Not applicable 5.09E–06 Not applicable Not applicable 8.71E–11 Not applicable Not applicable 7.47E–04

a. Based on an exposure duration of 2,000 hr/yr.

b. Uppermost 30 cm of soil layer [adapted from Lyons (2003)].

c. Plutonium and americium not environmental contaminants until 1960.

d. H-3 and Po-210 resuspension taken into account in derivation of effluent intakes.
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 02 Effective Date: 07/02/2019 Page 31 of 111

Table 4-16. Annual average ground layer external exposure, resuspension submersion external exposure, and resuspension submersion 

intake by radionuclide, 1960 through 1969. 

Nuclide

Half-life

(yr)

Mean 

soil 

(Bq/kg)

Airborne 

(Bq/m3)

Submersion

intake 

(Bq)a 

ICRP (1995) 

DCF (Sv/Bq)

Submersion 

intake dose 

(Sv)

External 

submersion 

(Bq s/m3)

a 

Effective

DCF 

[Sv/(Bq s/m3)]

Submersion 

effective

dose

(Sv)

Soil layerb

(Bq s/m3)

a 

Infinite

thickness 

DCF 

[Sv/(Bq s/m3)]

Soil

exposure 

dose

(Sv/yr)

Ac-227 2.18E+01 12.58 1.61E–06 3.86E–03 6.30E–04 2.43E–06 1.16E+01 5.82E–18 6.75E–17 1.45E+11 2.65E–21 3.84E–10

Th-227 5.12E–02 12.58 1.61E–06 3.86E–03 7.60E–06 2.94E–08 1.16E+01 4.88E–15 5.66E–14 1.45E+11 2.79E–18 4.04E–07

Am-241 4.32E+02 4.81 6.16E–07 1.48E–03 2.70E–05 3.99E–08 4.43E+00 8.18E–16 3.63E–15 5.54E+10 2.34E–19 1.30E–08

Pu-238 8.78E+01 2,160.80 2.77E–04 (c) 3.00E–05 (c) 1.99E+03 4.88E–18 9.72E–15 2.49E+13 8.10E–22 2.02E–08

Pu-239/240 2.41E+04 1.11 1.42E–07 (c) 3.20E–05 (c) 1.02E+00 4.75E–18 4.86E–18 1.28E+10 1.58E–21 2.02E–11

Pu-241 1.44E+01 1,875.90 2.40E–04 5.76E–01 5.80E–07 3.34E–07 1.73E+03 7.25E–20 1.25E–16 2.16E+13 3.16E–23 6.83E–10

Co-60 5.27E+00 172.05 2.20E–05 5.29E–02 1.70E–08 8.99E–10 1.59E+02 1.26E–13 2.00E–11 1.98E+12 8.68E–17 1.72E–04

Pa-231 3.28E+04 42.18 5.40E–06 1.30E–02 8.90E–05 1.15E–06 3.89E+01 1.72E–15 6.69E–14 4.86E+11 1.02E–18 4.96E–07

Th-230 7.70E+04 110.26 1.41E–05 3.39E–02 2.80E–05 9.48E–07 1.02E+02 1.74E–17 1.77E–15 1.27E+12 6.47E–21 8.22E–09

Th-232 1.41E+10 51.06 6.54E–06 1.57E–02 2.90E–05 4.55E–07 4.71E+01 8.72E–18 4.10E–16 5.88E+11 2.79E–21 1.64E–09

Ac-228 6.99E–04 37.37 4.78E–06 1.15E–02 2.90E–08 3.33E–10 3.44E+01 4.78E–14 1.65E–12 4.31E+11 3.20E–17 1.38E–05

Ra-228 5.76E+00 37.37 4.78E–06 1.15E–02 1.70E–06 1.95E–08 3.44E+01 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 4.31E+11 0.00E+00 0.00E+00

Bi-207 3.22E+01 4.22 5.40E–07 1.30E–03 3.20E–09 4.15E–12 3.89E+00 7.54E–14 2.93E–13 4.86E+10 5.02E–17 2.44E–06

Bi-210 1.37E–02 2.96 3.79E–07 9.09E–04 6.00E–08 5.46E–11 2.73E+00 3.29E–17 8.97E–17 3.41E+10 1.93E–20 6.58E–10

Bi-10m 3.00E+06 2.96 3.79E–07 9.09E–04 2.10E–06 1.91E–09 2.73E+00 1.22E–14 3.33E–14 3.41E+10 7.37E–18 2.51E–07

Bi-214 3.78E–05 28.86 3.69E–06 8.87E–03 2.10E–08 1.86E–10 2.66E+01 7.65E–14 2.03E–12 3.32E+11 5.25E–17 1.75E–05

Ra-226 1.60E+03 48.10 6.16E–06 1.48E–02 2.20E–06 3.25E–08 4.43E+01 3.15E–16 1.40E–14 5.54E+11 1.70E–19 9.42E–08

Cs-137 3.02E+01 17.69 2.26E–06 5.43E–03 6.70E–09 3.64E–11 1.63E+01 7.74E–18 1.26E–16 2.04E+11 4.02E–21 8.19E–10

Ba-137m 8.08E–08 17.69 2.26E–06 5.43E–03 See Cs-137 See Cs-137 1.63E+01 2.88E–14 4.69E–13 2.04E+11 1.93E–17 3.93E–06

Eu-152 1.34E+01 15.73 2.01E–06 4.83E–03 2.70E–08 1.30E–10 1.45E+01 5.65E–14 8.19E–13 1.81E+11 3.75E–17 6.79E–06

Eu-154 8.50E+00 51.43 6.58E–06 1.58E–02 3.50E–08 5.53E–10 4.74E+01 6.14E–14 2.91E–12 5.92E+11 4.11E–17 2.44E–05

Np-237 2.14E+06 0.74 9.47E–08 2.27E–04 1.50E–05 3.41E–09 6.82E–01 1.03E–15 7.02E–16 8.52E+09 4.17E–19 3.55E–09

Pu-242 3.76E+05 1.11 1.42E–07 3.41E–04 3.10E–05 1.06E–08 1.02E+00 4.01E–18 4.10E–18 1.28E+10 6.85E–22 8.76E–12

Sr-90 2.86E+01 55.13 7.06E–06 1.69E–02 7.70E–08 1.30E–09 5.08E+01 7.53E–18 3.83E–16 6.35E+11 3.77E–21 2.39E–09

Y-90 7.30E–03 55.13 7.06E–06 1.69E–02 1.70E–09 2.88E–11 5.08E+01 1.90E–16 9.65E–15 6.35E+11 1.28E–19 8.13E–08

Tc-99 2.13E+05 50.32 6.44E–06 1.55E–02 3.20E–09 4.95E–11 4.64E+01 1.62E–18 7.51E–17 5.80E+11 6.72E–22 3.90E–10

H-3 1.23E+01 569.80 7.29E–05 1.75E–01 4.50E–11 7.88E–12 5.25E+02 3.31E–19 1.74E–16 6.56E+12 0.00E+00 0.00E+00

Po-210 3.79E–01 493 6.31E–05 (c) 2.20E–06 (c) 4.54E+02 4.16E–19 1.89E–16 5.68E+12 2.80E–22 1.59E–09

Total Not applicable Not applicable Not applicable Not applicable Not applicable 5.47E–06 Not applicable Not applicable 2.84E–11 Not applicable Not applicable 2.43E–04

a. Based on an exposure duration of 2,000 hr/yr.

b. Uppermost 30 cm of soil layer [adapted from Lyons (2003)].

c. H-3, Pu-239, Pu-238, and Po-210 resuspension taken into account in derivation of effluent intakes.
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 02 Effective Date: 07/02/2019 Page 32 of 111

Table 4-17. Annual average ground layer external exposure, resuspension submersion external exposure, and resuspension submersion 

intake by radionuclide, 1970 through 1979. 

Nuclide

Half-life

(yr)

Mean 

soil 

(Bq/kg)

Airborne 

(Bq/m3)

Submersion

intake 

(Bq)a 

ICRP (1995) 

DCF (Sv/Bq)

Submersion 

intake dose 

(Sv)

External 

submersion 

(Bq s/m3)

a 

Effective

DCF 

[Sv/(Bq s/m3)]

Submersion 

effective

dose

(Sv)

Soil layerb

(Bq s/m3)

a 

Infinite

thickness 

DCF 

[Sv/(Bq s/m3)]

Soil

exposure 

dose

(Sv/yr)

Ac-227 2.18E+01 12.58 1.61E–06 3.86E–03 6.30E–04 2.43E–06 1.16E+01 5.82E–18 6.75E–17 1.45E+11 2.65E–21 3.84E–10

Th-227 5.12E–02 12.58 1.61E–06 3.86E–03 7.60E–06 2.94E–08 1.16E+01 4.88E–15 5.66E–14 1.45E+11 2.79E–18 4.04E–07

Am-241 4.32E+02 4.81 6.16E–07 1.48E–03 2.70E–05 3.99E–08 4.43E+00 8.18E–16 3.63E–15 5.54E+10 2.34E–19 1.30E–08

Pu-238 8.78E+01 1,998.00 2.56E–04 (c) 3.00E–05 (c) 1.84E+03 4.88E–18 8.99E–15 2.30E+13 8.10E–22 1.86E–08

Pu-239/240 2.41E+04 1.11 1.42E–07 (c) 3.20E–05 (c) 1.02E+00 4.75E–18 4.86E–18 1.28E+10 1.58E–21 2.02E–11

Pu-241 1.44E+01 1,158.10 1.48E–04 3.56E–01 5.80E–07 2.06E–07 1.07E+03 7.25E–20 7.74E–17 1.33E+13 3.16E–23 4.22E–10

Co-60 5.27E+00 46.25 5.92E–06 1.42E–02 1.70E–08 2.42E–10 4.26E+01 1.26E–13 5.37E–12 5.33E+11 8.68E–17 4.62E–05

Pa-231 3.28E+04 42.18 5.40E–06 1.30E–02 8.90E–05 1.15E–06 3.89E+01 1.72E–15 6.69E–14 4.86E+11 1.02E–18 4.96E–07

Th-230 7.70E+04 110.26 1.41E–05 3.39E–02 2.80E–05 9.48E–07 1.02E+02 1.74E–17 1.77E–15 1.27E+12 6.47E–21 8.22E–09

Th-232 1.41E+10 51.06 6.54E–06 1.57E–02 2.90E–05 4.55E–07 4.71E+01 8.72E–18 4.10E–16 5.88E+11 2.79E–21 1.64E–09

Ac-228 6.99E–04 37.37 4.78E–06 1.15E–02 2.90E–08 3.33E–10 3.44E+01 4.78E–14 1.65E–12 4.31E+11 3.20E–17 1.38E–05

Ra-228 5.76E+00 37.37 4.78E–06 1.15E–02 1.70E–06 1.95E–08 3.44E+01 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 4.31E+11 0.00E+00 0.00E+00

Bi-207 3.22E+01 3.42 4.37E–07 1.05E–03 3.20E–09 3.36E–12 3.15E+00 7.54E–14 2.37E–13 3.93E+10 5.02E–17 1.97E–06

Bi-210 1.37E–02 2.96 3.79E–07 9.09E–04 6.00E–08 5.46E–11 2.73E+00 3.29E–17 8.97E–17 3.41E+10 1.93E–20 6.58E–10

Bi-210m 3.00E+06 2.96 3.79E–07 9.09E–04 2.10E–06 1.91E–09 2.73E+00 1.22E–14 3.33E–14 3.41E+10 7.37E–18 2.51E–07

Bi-214 3.78E–05 28.86 3.69E–06 8.87E–03 2.10E–08 1.86E–10 2.66E+01 7.65E–14 2.03E–12 3.32E+11 5.25E–17 1.75E–05

R-226 1.60E+03 48.10 6.16E–06 1.48E–02 2.20E–06 3.25E–08 4.43E+01 3.15E–16 1.40E–14 5.54E+11 1.70E–19 9.42E–08

Cs-137 3.02E+01 14.06 1.80E–06 4.32E–03 6.70E–09 2.89E–11 1.30E+01 7.74E–18 1.00E–16 1.62E+11 4.02E–21 6.51E–10

Ba-137m 8.08E–08 14.06 1.80E–06 4.32E–03 See Cs-137 See Cs-137 1.30E+01 2.88E–14 3.73E–13 1.62E+11 1.93E–17 3.13E–06

Eu-152 1.34E+01 9.36 1.20E–06 2.88E–03 2.70E–08 7.76E–11 8.63E+00 5.65E–14 4.87E–13 1.08E+11 3.75E–17 4.04E–06

Eu-154 8.50E+00 22.68 2.90E–06 6.97E–03 3.50E–08 2.44E–10 2.09E+01 6.14E–14 1.28E–12 2.61E+11 4.11E–17 1.07E–05

Np-237 2.14E+06 0.74 9.47E–08 2.27E–04 1.50E–05 3.41E–09 6.82E–01 1.03E–15 7.02E–16 8.52E+09 4.17E–19 3.55E–09

Pu-142 3.76E+05 1.11 1.42E–07 3.41E–04 3.10E–05 1.06E–08 1.02E+00 4.01E–18 4.10E–18 1.28E+10 6.85E–22 8.76E–12

Sr-90 2.86E+01 43.29 5.54E–06 1.33E–02 7.70E–08 1.02E–09 3.99E+01 7.53E–18 3.00E–16 4.99E+11 3.77E–21 1.88E–09

Y-90 7.30E–03 43.29 5.54E–06 1.33E–02 1.70E–09 2.26E–11 3.99E+01 1.90E–16 7.58E–15 4.99E+11 1.28E–19 6.38E–08

Tc-99 2.13E+05 50.32 6.44E–06 1.55E–02 3.20E–09 4.95E–11 4.64E+01 1.62E–18 7.51E–17 5.80E+11 6.72E–22 3.90E–10

H-3 1.23E+01 324.49 4.15E–05 (c) 4.50E–11 (c) 2.99E+02 3.31E–19 9.90E–17 3.74E+12 0.00E+00 0.00E+00

Po-210 3.79E–01 78.07 9.99E–06 (c) 2.20E–06 (c) 7.19E+01 4.16E–19 2.99E–17 8.99E+11 2.80E–22 2.52E–10

Total Not applicable Not applicable Not applicable Not applicable Not applicable 5.34E–06 Not applicable Not applicable 1.16E–11 Not applicable Not applicable 9.87E–05

a. Based on an exposure duration of 2,000 hr/yr.

b. Uppermost 30 cm of soil layer [adapted from Lyons (2003)].

c. H-3, Pu-239, Pu-238, and Po-210 resuspension taken into account in derivation of effluent intakes.
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 02 Effective Date: 07/02/2019 Page 33 of 111

Table 4-18. Annual average ground layer external exposure, resuspension submersion external exposure, and resuspension submersion 

intake by radionuclide, 1980 through 1989. 

Nuclide

Half-life

(yr)

Mean 

soil 

(Bq/kg)

Airborne 

(Bq/m3)

Submersion

intake 

(Bq)a 

ICRP (1995) 

DCF (Sv/Bq)

Submersion 

intake dose 

(Sv)

External 

submersion 

(Bq s/m3)

a 

Effective

DCF 

[Sv/(Bq s/m3)]

Submersion 

effective

dose

(Sv)

Soil layerb

(Bq s/m3)

a 

Infinite

thickness 

DCF 

[Sv/(Bq s/m3)]

Soil

exposure 

dose

(Sv/yr)

Ac-227 2.18E+01 12.58 1.61E–06 3.86E–03 6.30E–04 2.43E–06 1.16E+01 5.82E–18 6.75E–17 1.45E+11 2.65E–21 3.84E–10

Th-227 5.12E–02 12.58 1.61E–06 3.86E–03 7.60E–06 2.94E–08 1.16E+01 4.88E–15 5.66E–14 1.45E+11 2.79E–18 4.04E–07

Am-241 4.32E+02 4.81 6.16E–07 1.48E–03 2.70E–05 3.99E–08 4.43E+00 8.18E–16 3.63E–15 5.54E+10 2.34E–19 1.30E–08

Pu-238 8.78E+01 1,846.30 2.36E–04 (c) 3.00E–05 (c) 1.70E+03 4.88E–18 8.30E–15 2.13E+13 8.10E–22 1.72E–08

Pu-239/240 2.41E+04 1.11 1.42E–07 (c) 3.20E–05 (c) 1.02E+00 4.75E–18 4.86E–18 1.28E+10 1.58E–21 2.02E–11

Pu-241 1.44E+01 714.10 9.14E–05 2.19E–01 5.80E–07 1.27E–07 6.58E+02 7.25E–20 4.77E–17 8.23E+12 3.16E–23 2.60E–10

Co-60 5.27E+00 12.40 1.59E–06 3.81E–03 1.70E–08 6.47E–11 1.14E+01 1.26E–13 1.44E–12 1.43E+11 8.68E–17 1.24E–05

Pa-231 3.28E+04 42.18 5.40E–06 1.30E–02 8.90E–05 1.15E–06 3.89E+01 1.72E–15 6.69E–14 4.86E+11 1.02E–18 4.96E–07

Th-230 7.70E+04 110.26 1.41E–05 3.39E–02 2.80E–05 9.48E–07 1.02E+02 1.74E–17 1.77E–15 1.27E+12 6.47E–21 8.22E–09

Th-232 1.41E+10 51.06 6.54E–06 1.57E–02 2.90E–05 4.55E–07 4.71E+01 8.72E–18 4.10E–16 5.88E+11 2.79E–21 1.64E–09

Ac-228 6.99E–04 37.37 4.78E–06 1.15E–02 2.90E–08 3.33E–10 3.44E+01 4.78E–14 1.65E–12 4.31E+11 3.20E–17 1.38E–05

Ra-228 5.76E+00 37.37 4.78E–06 1.15E–02 1.70E–06 1.95E–08 3.44E+01 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 4.31E+11 0.00E+00 0.00E+00

Bi-207 3.22E+01 2.75 3.52E–07 8.46E–04 3.20E–09 2.71E–12 2.54E+00 7.54E–14 1.91E–13 3.17E+10 5.02E–17 1.59E–06

Bi-210 1.37E–02 2.96 3.79E–07 9.09E–04 6.00E–08 5.46E–11 2.73E+00 3.29E–17 8.97E–17 3.41E+10 1.93E–20 6.58E–10

Bi-210m 3.00E+06 2.96 3.79E–07 9.09E–04 2.10E–06 1.91E–09 2.73E+00 1.22E–14 3.33E–14 3.41E+10 7.37E–18 2.51E–07

Bi-241 3.78E–05 28.86 3.69E–06 8.87E–03 2.10E–08 1.86E–10 2.66E+01 7.65E–14 2.03E–12 3.32E+11 5.25E–17 1.75E–05

Ra-226 1.60E+03 48.10 6.16E–06 1.48E–02 2.20E–06 3.25E–08 4.43E+01 3.15E–16 1.40E–14 5.54E+11 1.70E–19 9.42E–08

Cs-137 3.02E+01 11.17 1.43E–06 3.43E–03 6.70E–09 2.30E–11 1.03E+01 7.74E–18 7.97E–17 1.29E+11 4.02E–21 5.17E–10

Ba-137m 8.08E–08 11.17 1.43E–06 3.43E–03 See Cs-137 See Cs-137 1.03E+01 2.88E–14 2.97E–13 1.29E+11 1.93E–17 2.48E–06

Eu-152 1.34E+01 5.59 7.15E–07 1.72E–03 2.70E–08 4.63E–11 5.15E+00 5.65E–14 2.91E–13 6.44E+10 3.75E–17 2.41E–06

Eu-154 8.50E+00 10.03 1.28E–06 3.08E–03 3.50E–08 1.08E–10 9.24E+00 6.14E–14 5.67E–13 1.16E+11 4.11E–17 4.75E–06

Np-237 2.14E+06 0.74 9.47E–08 2.27E–04 1.50E–05 3.41E–09 6.82E–01 1.03E–15 7.02E–16 8.52E+09 4.17E–19 3.55E–09

Pu-242 3.76E+05 1.11 1.42E–07 3.41E–04 3.10E–05 1.06E–08 1.02E+00 4.01E–18 4.10E–18 1.28E+10 6.85E–22 8.76E–12

Sr-90 2.86E+01 33.93 4.34E–06 1.04E–02 7.70E–08 8.03E–10 3.13E+01 7.53E–18 2.35E–16 3.91E+11 3.77E–21 1.47E–09

Y-90 7.30E–03 33.93 4.34E–06 1.04E–02 1.70E–09 1.77E–11 3.13E+01 1.90E–16 5.94E–15 3.91E+11 1.28E–19 5.00E–08

Tc-99 2.13E+05 50.32 6.44E–06 1.55E–02 3.20E–09 4.95E–11 4.64E+01 1.62E–18 7.51E–17 5.80E+11 6.72E–22 3.90E–10

H-3 1.23E+01 184.63 2.36E–05 (c) 4.50E–11 (c) 1.70E+02 3.31E–19 5.63E–17 2.13E+12 0.00E+00 0.00E+00

Total Not applicable Not applicable Not applicable Not applicable Not applicable 5.26E–06 Not applicable Not applicable 6.66E–12 Not applicable Not applicable 5.62E–05

a. Based on an exposure duration of 2,000 hr/yr.

b. Uppermost 30 cm of soil layer [adapted from Lyons (2003)].

c. H-3, Pu-238, and Pu-239 resuspension taken into account in derivation of effluent intakes.
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 02 Effective Date: 07/02/2019 Page 34 of 111

Table 4-19. Annual average ground layer external exposure, resuspension submersion external exposure, and resuspension submersion 

intake by radionuclide, 1990 to present. 

Nuclide

Half-life

(yr)

Mean 

soil 

(Bq/kg)

Airborne 

(Bq/m3)

Submersion

intake 

(Bq)a 

ICRP (1995) 

DCF (Sv/Bq)

Submersion 

intake dose 

(Sv)

External 

submersion 

(Bq s/m3)

a 

Effective

DCF 

[Sv/(Bq s/m3)]

Submersion 

effective

dose

(Sv)

Soil layerb

(Bq s/m3)

a 

Infinite

thickness 

DCF 

[Sv/(Bq s/m3)]

Soil

exposure 

dose

(Sv/yr)

Ac-227 2.18E+01 12.58 1.61E–06 3.86E–03 6.30E–04 2.43E–06 1.16E+01 5.82E–18 6.75E–17 1.45E+11 2.65E–21 3.84E–10

Th-227 5.12E–02 12.58 1.61E–06 3.86E–03 7.60E–06 2.94E–08 1.16E+01 4.88E–15 5.66E–14 1.45E+11 2.79E–18 4.04E–07

Am-241 4.32E+02 4.81 6.16E–07 1.48E–03 2.70E–05 3.99E–08 4.43E+00 8.18E–16 3.63E–15 5.54E+10 2.34E–19 1.30E–08

Pu-238 8.78E+01 1,705.70 2.18E–04 (c) 3.00E–05 (c) 1.57E+03 4.88E–18 7.67E–15 1.96E+13 8.10E–22 1.59E–08

Pu-239/240 2.41E+04 1.11 1.42E–07 (c) 3.20E–05 (c) 1.02E+00 4.75E–18 4.86E–18 1.28E+10 1.58E–21 2.02E–11

Pu-241 1.44E+01 440.30 5.64E–05 1.35E–01 5.80E–07 7.85E–08 4.06E+02 7.25E–20 2.94E–17 5.07E+12 3.16E–23 1.60E–10

Co-60 5.27E+00 3.33 4.26E–07 1.02E–03 1.70E–08 1.74E–11 3.07E+00 1.26E–13 3.87E–13 3.84E+10 8.68E–17 3.33E–06

Pa-231 3.28E+04 42.18 5.40E–06 1.30E–02 8.90E–05 1.15E–06 3.89E+01 1.72E–15 6.69E–14 4.86E+11 1.02E–18 4.96E–07

Th-230 7.70E+04 110.26 1.41E–05 3.39E–02 2.80E–05 9.48E–07 1.02E+02 1.74E–17 1.77E–15 1.27E+12 6.47E–21 8.22E–09

Th-232 1.41E+10 51.06 6.54E–06 1.57E–02 2.90E–05 4.55E–07 4.71E+01 8.72E–18 4.10E–16 5.88E+11 2.79E–21 1.64E–09

Ac-228 6.99E–04 37.37 4.78E–06 1.15E–02 2.90E–08 3.33E–10 3.44E+01 4.78E–14 1.65E–12 4.31E+11 3.20E–17 1.38E–05

Ra-228 5.76E+00 37.37 4.78E–06 1.15E–02 1.70E–06 1.95E–08 3.44E+01 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 4.31E+11 0.00E+00 0.00E+00

Bi-207 3.22E+01 2.22 2.84E–07 6.82E–04 3.20E–09 2.18E–12 2.05E+00 7.54E–14 1.54E–13 2.56E+10 5.02E–17 1.28E–06

Bi-210 1.37E–02 2.96 3.79E–07 9.09E–04 6.00E–08 5.46E–11 2.73E+00 3.29E–17 8.97E–17 3.41E+10 1.93E–20 6.58E–10

Bi-210m 3.00E+06 2.96 3.79E–07 9.09E–04 2.10E–06 1.91E–09 2.73E+00 1.22E–14 3.33E–14 3.41E+10 7.37E–18 2.51E–07

Bi-241 3.78E–05 28.86 3.69E–06 8.87E–03 2.10E–08 1.86E–10 2.66E+01 7.65E–14 2.03E–12 3.32E+11 5.25E–17 1.75E–05

Ra-226 1.60E+03 48.10 6.16E–06 1.48E–02 2.20E–06 3.25E–08 4.43E+01 3.15E–16 1.40E–14 5.54E+11 1.70E–19 9.42E–08

Cs-137 3.02E+01 8.88 1.14E–06 2.73E–03 6.70E–09 1.83E–11 8.18E+00 7.74E–18 6.33E–17 1.02E+11 4.02E–21 4.11E–10

Ba-137m 8.08E–08 8.88 1.14E–06 2.73E–03 See Cs-137 See Cs-137 8.18E+00 2.88E–14 2.36E–13 1.02E+11 1.93E–17 1.97E–06

Eu-152 1.34E+01 3.33 4.26E–07 1.02E–03 2.70E–08 2.76E–11 3.07E+00 5.65E–14 1.73E–13 3.84E+10 3.75E–17 1.44E–06

Eu-154 8.50E+00 4.44 5.68E–07 1.36E–03 3.50E–08 4.77E–11 4.09E+00 6.14E–14 2.51E–13 5.11E+10 4.11E–17 2.10E–06

Np-237 2.14E+06 0.74 9.47E–08 2.27E–04 1.50E–05 3.41E–09 6.82E–01 1.03E–15 7.02E–16 8.52E+09 4.17E–19 3.55E–09

Pu-242 3.76E+05 1.11 1.42E–07 3.41E–04 3.10E–05 1.06E–08 1.02E+00 4.01E–18 4.10E–18 1.28E+10 6.85E–22 8.76E–12

Sr-90 2.86E+01 26.64 3.41E–06 8.18E–03 7.70E–08 6.30E–10 2.46E+01 7.53E–18 1.85E–16 3.07E+11 3.77E–21 1.16E–09

Y-90 7.30E–03 26.64 3.41E–06 8.18E–03 1.70E–09 1.39E–11 2.46E+01 1.90E–16 4.66E–15 3.07E+11 1.28E–19 3.93E–08

Tc-99 2.13E+05 50.32 6.44E–06 1.55E–02 3.20E–09 4.95E–11 4.64E+01 1.62E–18 7.51E–17 5.80E+11 6.72E–22 3.90E–10

H-3 1.23E+01 105.08 1.35E–05 (c) 4.50E–11 (c) 9.68E+01 3.31E–19 3.21E–17 1.21E+12 0.00E+00 0.00E+00

Total Not applicable Not applicable Not applicable Not applicable Not applicable 5.21E–06 Not applicable Not applicable 5.07E–12 Not applicable Not applicable 4.27E–05

a. Based on exposure duration of 2,000 hr/yr.

b. Uppermost 30 cm of soil layer [adapted from Lyons (2003)].

c. H-3, Pu-238, and Pu-239 resuspension taken into account in derivation of effluent intakes.
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 02 Effective Date: 07/02/2019 Page 35 of 111

 

The external submersion and submersion (resuspension) intakes are presented in Tables 4-14 

through 4-19. The annual external submersion dose and submersion (resuspension) intake doses 

due to contaminated soil are less than 1 mrem annually and can be neglected for dose reconstruction.

Estimates of external exposure from radionuclides in soil at the Mound facility were made using the 

same sitewide average decay-corrected profile of radionuclides in the resuspension intake estimates. 

Soil mass activity concentrations were converted to equivalent volume activity concentrations using a 

soil density of 1,600 kg/m3 and exposure duration of 2,000 hr/yr to derive soil layer external 

exposures. These results (listed in Tables 4-14 through 4-19) are applicable to the radionuclides and 

periods applied to the resuspension intake assessment. Table 4-20 summarizes the annual mean 

sitewide external exposure results for the Mound Plant. 

Table 4-20. Mean and maximum environmental external radiation levels (rem) by year. 

Year

Mound mean 

sitewide

SM/PP Hill

area maximum

1949 8.45E–02 5.56E–01

1950 7.47E–02 4.92E–01

1951 7.47E–02 4.92E–01

1952 7.47E–02 4.92E–01

1953 7.47E–02 4.92E–01

1954 7.47E–02 4.92E–01

1955 4.17E–02 2.74E–01

1956 4.17E–02 2.74E–01

1957 4.17E–02 2.74E–01

1958 4.17E–02 2.74E–01

1959 4.17E–02 2.74E–01

1960 2.42E–02 1.59E–01

1961 2.42E–02 1.59E–01

1962 2.42E–02 1.59E–01

1963 2.42E–02 1.59E–01

1964 2.42E–02 1.59E–01

1965 1.49E–02 9.81E–02

1966 1.49E–02 9.81E–02

1967 1.49E–02 9.81E–02

1968 1.49E–02 9.81E–02

1969 1.49E–02 9.81E–02

1970 9.87E–03 6.50E–02

1971 9.87E–03 6.50E–02

1972 9.87E–03 6.50E–02

1973 9.87E–03 6.50E–02

1974 9.87E–03 6.50E–02

1975 7.14E–03 4.70E–02

1976 7.14E–03 4.70E–02

Year

Mound mean 

sitewide

SM/PP Hill

area maximum

1977 7.14E–03 4.70E–02

1978 7.14E–03 4.70E–02

1979 7.14E–03 4.70E–02

1980 5.62E–03 3.70E–02

1981 5.62E–03 3.70E–02

1982 5.62E–03 3.70E–02

1983 5.62E–03 3.70E–02

1984 5.62E–03 3.70E–02

1985 4.77E–03 3.14E–02

1986 4.77E–03 3.14E–02

1987 4.77E–03 3.14E–02

1988 4.77E–03 3.14E–02

1989 4.77E–03 3.14E–02

1990 4.27E–03 2.81E–02

1991 4.27E–03 2.81E–02

1992 4.27E–03 2.81E–02

1993 4.27E–03 2.81E–02

1994 4.27E–03 2.81E–02

1995 4.27E–03 2.81E–02

1996 4.27E–03 2.81E–02

1997 4.27E–03 2.81E–02

1998 4.27E–03 2.81E–02

1999 4.27E–03 2.81E–02

2000 4.27E–03 2.81E–02

2001 4.27E–03 2.81E–02

2002 4.27E–03 2.81E–02

2003 No data No data

No general area environmental measurements of direct gamma radiation were documented for the 

Mound facility other than a single aerial survey in July 1976 (DOE 1993b). The maximum exposure 

rates in the survey report ranged from 20.5 to 23.5 μR/hr around the SM Building and Building 38 on 

the SM/PP Hill. Data from this report were difficult to interpret in a manner useful to dose 

reconstruction because they (1) applied to a single moment in time and (2) were probably heavily 

influenced by isolated radiation sources. Nevertheless, this exposure rate was used to estimate the 

maximum exposure rate on site by assuming that the maximum exposure rate of 23.5 μR/hr 

measured in 1976 was due to a spill in 1949. The spill was assumed to contain a mix of radionuclides 

identical to the sitewide average soil profile of radionuclides measured in 30-cm-thick soil samples 
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 02 Effective Date: 07/02/2019 Page 36 of 111

 

(Lyons 2003). As a consequence, the maximum exposure rate was assumed to decay over time 

exactly like the sitewide average soil concentrations (see Table 4-20).

When assigning dose, the mean and maximum environmental external radiation levels should be 

multiplied by the ambient dose equivalent [H*(10)] DCF for an isotropic exposure geometry 

(NIOSH 2007).

An estimate of the uncertainty associated with the ambient dose from soil contamination was made by 

assuming that the ambient dose is lognormally distributed and that the median annual dose from the 

soil contamination in Tables 4-14 through 4-19 represents the 50th-percentile dose. The maximum 

annual exposure rates around the SM Building and Building 38 on the SM/PP Hill were assumed to 

represent the upper 95th-percentile ambient dose. The resulting GSD is 3.12 for each year from 1949 

through 2002. 

4.2.6 Direct External Exposure from Facilities

No environmental measurements of direct gamma radiation were documented for the Mound facilities. 

Direct external ambient dose could have resulted from gamma radiation originating in the operational 

buildings at Mound or from the storage of waste material or of irradiated bismuth slugs in facility 

buildings or onsite structures. The following discussion supports the conclusion that it is unlikely that 

gamma radiation from within the operational buildings of Mound contributed to the ambient 

environmental dose.

Waste transport vehicles were used at Mound beginning in the 1950s for transporting casks of 

polonium from their unloading area along the railroad siding to the T Building. The irradiated canned 

bismuth slugs received from the Hanford Site were removed from casks and stored in a pool of water 

on the second floor of T Building, where the separation of 210Po from bismuth took place 

(DOE 1993a).

Drummed radioactive wastes generated at Mound were typically staged in operating areas and 

moved by health physics personnel to storage warehouses before shipment. In the 1940s and 1950s 

the “old explosives bunkers” were used to store waste with high gamma radiation levels to avoid 

worker exposures. The isolated location of the bunkers allowed these wastes to be stored away from 

the occupied areas of the site. Modern facilities replaced the old warehouses on site in the 1960s and 

1970s (DOE 1993a).

The most likely source of environmental exposure from gamma sources originating in Mound facilities 

would be associated with the 226Ra-227Ac program that separated 227Ac from neutron-irradiated 226Ra 

target material. The radium-actinium technology developed at Argonne National Laboratory was 

transferred to Mound in early 1950. The General Purpose (GP) Building, later known as the SW 

Building, was constructed with a shielded process facility on the east side referred to as the old cave. 

The cave design was duplicated from the one at Argonne. 

By March 1952, three radium-actinium separation runs had been completed in the cave. The first run 

contained 0.6 g of radium yielding 135 mCi of 227Ac. The second and third runs contained 5 g each 

and yielded 2.59 and 2.36 Ci of 227Ac, respectively. Gamma surveys during the runs indicated 

exposure rate levels varying from less than 1 mR/hr in the operational area adjacent to the cave to 

7 R/hr inside the cave (Bradley 1952c). Based on the survey results, it is unlikely that gamma 

radiation from within the SW Building cave contributed to the ambient environmental dose.

No detailed description of the administrative practices involving environmental exposure is available 

for the early operating years at Mound. Nevertheless, several 1951 Monthly Health Physics Reports 

state that when routine beta and gamma surveys in operational areas detected radiation levels 
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 02 Effective Date: 07/02/2019 Page 37 of 111

 

greater than 7.5 mR/hr, the area was either shielded or roped off (Bradley 1951f to 1951j). As a 

consequence, it is unlikely that gamma radiation from within the operational buildings at Mound 

contributed to the ambient environmental dose.

4.2.7 Assignment of Ambient External Dose

Because there is no indication that elevated background radiation was subtracted from dosimeter 

results, ambient environmental dose should be assigned only for Mound workers who were not 

monitored. Because the onsite ambient doses were calculated based on soil concentration data, the 

annual dose is multiplied by the appropriate ambient dose equivalent [H*(10)] DCF in OCAS-IG-001 

for an isotropic exposure geometry (NIOSH 2007). A DCF of 1 for onsite ambient dose should be

applied for cancers where the skin is used to calculate external dose. Dose reconstructors should 

assign onsite ambient dose using the mean sitewide values in Table 4-20 as a lognormal distribution 

with a GSD of 3.12 and adjusted to 2,500 work hours per year. The 2,500 work hours per year 

assumption is based on a computer-assisted telephone interview search using the fifteen most 

recently completed claims (as of May 2019; excluding survivor interviews or claims with employment 

periods of less than 1 year). Twelve of the fifteen selected energy employees indicated overtime 

work, while the remaining three did not. For partial years of employment or variance in the known 

number of work hours, the values should be scaled accordingly.

4.3 UNCERTAINTIES

Estimates of the median environmental intakes at the Mound Plant are presented in Section 4.2.3.2 

and in Table 4-9. These estimates were made by assuming that the intakes are lognormally 

distributed and that the median intakes represent the 50th-percentile intake rate. For Mound, the 

calculated sitewide annual maximum intakes in Table 4-11 are assumed to represent the upper 95thpercentile intake. The resulting GSDs are listed in Table 4-12.

For Mound, the calculated mean ambient dose in Table 4-20 is assumed to represent the 50thpercentile dose. The maximum ambient dose associated with the SM/PP Hill area is assumed to 

represent the upper 95th-percentile ambient dose, resulting in an annual GSD of 3.12.

Effluent release rate data from Mound was unavailable for some operational periods. As a 

consequence, extrapolations were necessary to estimate intakes for years in which no onsite air 

monitoring data were available. Effluent intake data for 210Po from 1954 through 1966 were based on 

an assumption that the annual increase in the effluent release rate (source term) was 20% greater 

than the earliest year for which monitoring data were published (i.e., 20 μCi/d from 1949 through 

1953). Beginning in 1967 through 1970, the 210Po data are based on reported 238Pu effluent source 

terms (scaled to infer 210Po based on the ratio of 210Po to 238Pu on air filter samples). Similarly, annual 

tritium oxide intakes from 1954 through 1958 were backwards extrapolated from the 1959 source term 

(the first year for which such data were published – 31,527 Ci/yr) using an annual assumed reduction 

factor of 10%. These assumptions are believed to be a reasonable depiction of the trend in facility 

operations during the extrapolated timeframes. The total activity released in effluent compares 

favorably to the inventory of released radionuclides reported by Mound and listed in Table 4-21.

Table 4-21. Radionuclide releases to the atmosphere (Ci), 1949 to 1973. 

Radionuclide Release reported by Mounda Release used in this analysis

Pu-238, -239 3.60E–01 ±50% 3.60E–01

Po-210 4.9E–01 ±50% 6.0E–01

H-3 2.85E+06 ±25% 2.98E+06

Ac-227 (purified) 5.3E–06 ±100% 5.3E–06

Ra-226, Ac-227, Th-228, 

and their associated progeny

1.6E–01 ±200% 1.6E–01

a. Storey (1973).
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 02 Effective Date: 07/02/2019 Page 38 of 111

 

At the time of this revision, no additional data were available to estimate environmental external or 

internal doses after 2002. The doses and intakes estimated for 2002 can be assigned for energy 

employees from 2003 to 2010 as an assumption that is favorable to claimants. This assumption is 

favorable to the claimant because the amount of nonnatural radioactivity at the Mound Plant

decreased during this period. Because remediation activities were completed in 2010, no 

occupational environmental dose should be assigned after that year.

4.4 ATTRIBUTIONS AND ANNOTATIONS

All information requiring identification was addressed via references integrated into the reference 

section of this document.
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 02 Effective Date: 07/02/2019 Page 39 of 111

REFERENCES 

Adams, P. C., 1961, Environmental Monitoring Report, Third Quarter 1961, Monsanto Research 

Corporation, Mound Laboratory, Miamisburg, Ohio, November 15. [SRDB Ref ID: 8762]

Adams, P. C., 1962a, Environmental Monitoring Report, Fourth Quarter 1961, Monsanto Research 

Corporation, Mound Laboratory, Miamisburg, Ohio, January 15. [SRDB Ref ID: 4240]

Adams, P. C., 1962b, Environmental Monitoring Report, First Quarter 1962, Monsanto Research 

Corporation, Mound Laboratory, Miamisburg, Ohio, April 25. [SRDB Ref ID: 4307]

Adams, P. C., 1963a, Environmental Monitoring Report – Fourth Quarter and Year 1962, Monsanto 

Research Corporation, Mound Laboratory, Miamisburg, Ohio, January 21. [SRDB Ref ID: 

4306]

Adams, P. C., 1963b, Environmental Monitoring Semi-Annual Report - January - June, 1963, 

Monsanto Research Corporation, Mound Laboratory, Miamisburg, Ohio, July 22. [SRDB Ref 

ID: 4309]

Adams, P. C., 1964, Environmental Monitoring Semiannual Report: January - June, 1964, MLM1210, Monsanto Research Corporation, Mound Laboratory, Miamisburg, Ohio, September 11. 

[SRDB Ref ID: 4242]

Adams, P. C., 1965a, Environmental Monitoring Report: July - December, 1964 and 1964 Summary, 

MLM-1241, Monsanto Research Corporation, Mound Laboratory, Miamisburg, Ohio, March 26. 

[SRDB Ref ID: 4299]

Adams, P. C., 1965b, Environmental Monitoring Report: January-June, 1965, MLM-1275, Monsanto 

Research Corporation, Mound Laboratory, Miamisburg, Ohio, October 1. [SRDB Ref ID: 

4245]

Adams, P. C., and H. F. Anderson, 1966, Environmental Monitoring Report: July-December, 1965 

and 1965 Summary, MLM-1335, Monsanto Research Corporation, Mound Laboratory, 

Miamisburg, Ohio, August 3. [SRDB Ref ID: 8763]

Anderson, H. F., and W. E. Sheehan, 1967a, Environmental Monitoring Report: July-December, 1966 

and 1966 Summary, MLM-1391, Monsanto Research Corporation, Mound Laboratory, 

Miamisburg, Ohio, March 18. [SRDB Ref ID: 4276]

Anderson, H. F., and W. E. Sheehan, 1967b, Environmental Monitoring Report: January-June, 1967, 

MLM-1425, Monsanto Research Corporation, Mound Laboratory, Miamisburg, Ohio,

September 22. [SRDB Ref ID: 4256]

Anderson, H., F., and W. E. Sheehan, 1968a, Environmental Monitoring Report: July–December, 

1967 and 1967 Summary, MLM-1464, Monsanto Research Corporation, Mound Laboratory, 

Miamisburg, Ohio, March 26. [SRDB Ref ID: 4311]

Anderson, H. F., and W. E. Sheehan, 1968b, Environmental Monitoring Report: January–June, 1968, 

MLM-1522, Monsanto Research Corporation, Mound Laboratory, Miamisburg, Ohio, 

August 27. [SRDB Ref ID: 4279]
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 02 Effective Date: 07/02/2019 Page 40 of 111

 

Anderson, H. F., and W. E. Sheehan, 1969a, Environmental Monitoring Report: July–December, 

1968 and 1968 Summary, MLM-1619, Monsanto Research Corporation, Mound Laboratory, 

Miamisburg, Ohio, March 21. [SRDB Ref ID: 4315]

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Meyer, H. E., 1955b, Quarterly Health Physics Report Through March 31, 1955, MLM-1044, 

Monsanto Chemical Company, Mound Laboratory, Miamisburg, Ohio, April 20. [SRDB Ref ID: 

12438, p. 3]

Meyer, H. E., 1955c, Quarterly Health Physics Report Through June 30, 1955, MLM-MU-55-67-0001, 

Monsanto Chemical Company, Mound Laboratory, Miamisburg, Ohio, July 21. [SRDB Ref ID: 

12438, p. 15]

Meyer, H. E., 1955d, Quarterly Health Physics Report Through September 30, 1955, MLM-MU-55-70-

0001, Monsanto Chemical Company, Mound Laboratory, Miamisburg, Ohio, October 25. 

[SRDB Ref ID: 12438, p. 29]

Meyer, H. E., 1956a, Quarterly Health Physics Report Through December 31, 1955, MLM-MU-56-61-

0002, Monsanto Chemical Company, Mound Laboratory, Miamisburg, Ohio, January 30. 

[SRDB Ref ID: 12438, p. 43]

Meyer, H. E., 1956b, Quarterly Health Physics Report Through March 31, 1956, MLM-MU-56-64-

0001, Monsanto Chemical Company, Mound Laboratory, Miamisburg, Ohio, April 24. [SRDB 

Ref ID: 12440, p. 3]

Meyer, H. E., 1956c, Quarterly Health Physics Report Through June 30, 1956, MLM-MU-56-67-0001, 

Monsanto Chemical Company, Mound Laboratory, Miamisburg, Ohio, July 16. [SRDB Ref ID: 

12440, p. 16]

Meyer, H. E., 1956d, Quarterly Health Physics Report Through September 30, 1956, MLM-MU-56-70-

0001, Monsanto Chemical Company, Mound Laboratory, Miamisburg, Ohio, October 23. 

[SRDB Ref ID: 12440, p. 28]

Meyer, H. E., 1957a, Quarterly Health Physics Report Through December 31, 1956, MLM-MU-57-61-

0001, Monsanto Chemical Company, Mound Laboratory, Miamisburg, Ohio, January 15. 

[SRDB Ref ID: 12440, p. 40]

Meyer, H. E., 1957b, Quarterly Health Physics Report Through March 31, 1957, MLM-MU-57-64-

0001, Monsanto Chemical Company, Mound Laboratory, Miamisburg, Ohio, April 30. [SRDB 

Ref ID: 12447, p. 3]

Meyer, H. E., 1957c, Quarterly Health Physics Report Through June 30, 1957, MLM-MU-57-67-0001, 

Monsanto Chemical Company, Mound Laboratory, Miamisburg, Ohio, July 17. [SRDB Ref ID: 

12447, p. 15]
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Meyer, H. E., 1957d, Quarterly Health Physics Report Through September 30, 1957, MLM-MU-57-70-

0001, Monsanto Chemical Company, Mound Laboratory, Miamisburg, Ohio, October 25. 

[SRDB Ref ID: 12447, p. 28]

Meyer, H. E., 1958a, Quarterly Health Physics Report Through December 31, 1957, MLM-MU-58-61-

0002, Monsanto Chemical Company, Mound Laboratory, Miamisburg, Ohio, January 20. 

[SRDB Ref ID: 12447, p. 42]

Meyer, H. E., 1958b, Quarterly Health Physics Report Through March 31, 1958, MLM-MU-58-65-

0001, Monsanto Chemical Company, Mound Laboratory, Miamisburg, Ohio, May 7. [SRDB 

Ref ID: 12450, p. 3]

Meyer, H. E., 1958c, Quarterly Health Physics Report Through June 30, 1958, MLM-MU-58-68-0001, 

Monsanto Chemical Company, Mound Laboratory, Miamisburg, Ohio, August 11. [SRDB Ref 

ID: 12450, p. 18]

Meyer, H. E., 1958d, Quarterly Health Physics Report Through September 30, 1958, MLM-MU-58-70-

0001, Monsanto Chemical Company, Mound Laboratory, Miamisburg, Ohio, October 23. 

[SRDB Ref ID: 12450, p. 31]

Meyer, H. E., 1959a, Quarterly Health Physics Report Through December 31, 1958, MLM-MU-59-62-

0001, Monsanto Chemical Company, Mound Laboratory, Miamisburg, Ohio, February 2. 

[SRDB Ref ID: 12450, p. 44]

Meyer, H. E., 1959b, Quarterly Health Physics Report Through March 31, 1959, MLM-MU-59-64-

0001, Monsanto Chemical Company, Mound Laboratory, Miamisburg, Ohio, April 29. [SRDB 

Ref ID: 2478]

Meyer, H. E., 1959c, Quarterly Health Physics Report Through September 30, 1959, MLM-MU-59-71-

0003, Monsanto Chemical Company, Mound Laboratory, Miamisburg, Ohio, November 5. 

[SRDB Ref ID: 11873]

Monsanto (Monsanto Chemical Company), 1960, Summary of Environmental Monitoring Report for 

1959 and First Quarter 1960, MLM-MU-60-67-0008, Mound Laboratory, Miamisburg, Ohio, 

July 5. [SRDB Ref ID: 2482]

Monsanto (Monsanto Research Corporation), 1961a, Summary of Environmental Monitoring for 

Fourth Quarter 1960 and Year 1960, MLM-MU-61-63-0008, Mound Laboratory, Miamisburg, 

Ohio, March 20. [SRDB Ref ID: 2487]

Monsanto (Monsanto Research Corporation), 1961b, Summary of Environmental Monitoring for First 

Quarter 1961, Mound Laboratory, Miamisburg, Ohio, May 11. [SRDB Ref ID: 4304]

Monsanto (Monsanto Research Corporation), 1971a, Environmental Monitoring Report: JanuaryJune 1970, MLM-1784, Mound Laboratory, Miamisburg, Ohio, January 25. [SRDB Ref ID: 

12627]

Monsanto (Monsanto Research Corporation), 1971b, Environmental Monitoring Report: JulyDecember 1970 and 1970 Summary, MLM-1795, Mound Laboratory, Miamisburg, Ohio, 

April 15. [SRDB Ref ID: 12628]

Monsanto (Monsanto Research Corporation), 1972, Environmental Monitoring Report: January-June 

1971, MLM-1880, Mound Laboratory, Miamisburg, Ohio, January 18. [SRDB Ref ID: 12629]
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Monsanto (Monsanto Research Corporation), 1975, Omnibus Environmental Assessment, Mound 

Laboratory, Miamisburg, Ohio, MLM-MU-75-67-0001, Mound Laboratory, Miamisburg, Ohio, 

July. [SRDB Ref ID: 2204]

NIOSH (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health), 2007 External Dose Reconstruction 

Implementation Guideline, Rev. 3, OCAS-IG-001, Office of Compensation Analysis and 

Support, Cincinnati, Ohio, November 21. [SRDB Ref ID: 38864]

NIOSH (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health), 2010, Radiation Exposures Covered 

for Dose Reconstructions Under Part B of the Energy Employees Occupational Illness 

Compensation Program Act, DCAS-IG-003, Rev. 1, Division of Compensation Analysis and 

Support, Cincinnati, Ohio, October 5. [SRDB Ref ID: 88929]

ORAUT (Oak Ridge Associated Universities Team), 2005, Savannah River Site, ORAUT-TKBS-0003, 

Rev. 03, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, April 5. [SRDB Ref ID: 20176]

ORAUT (Oak Ridge Associated Universities Team), 2018, External Dose Reconstruction, ORAUTOTIB-0088, Rev 00, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, September 25. [SRDB Ref ID: 174087]

Sebelius, K., 2010, HHS Designation of Additional Members of the Special Exposure Cohort under 

the Energy Employees Occupational Illness Compensation Program Act of 2000, Designating 

a Class of Employees from the Mound Plant, Miamisburg, Ohio, U.S. Department of Health 

and Human Services, Office of the Secretary, Washington, D.C., July 14. [SRDB Ref ID: 

165206]

Sebelius, K., 2012, HHS Designation of Additional Members of the Special Exposure Cohort under 

the Energy Employees Occupational Illness Compensation Program Act of 2000, Designating 

a Class of Employees from the Mound Plant, Miamisburg, Ohio, U.S. Department of Health 

and Human Services, Office of the Secretary, Washington, D.C., December 7. [SRDB Ref ID: 

165207]

Sheehan, W. E., and H. Anderson, 1966, Environmental Monitoring Report: January-June, 1966, 

MLM-1356, Monsanto Research Corporation, Mound Laboratory, Miamisburg, Ohio, 

October 28. [SRDB Ref ID: 4250]

Storey, D. R., 1973, “Nuclide Inventory Data,” letter to R. Wainwright (U.S. Atomic Energy 

Commission), Monsanto Research Corporation, Mound Laboratory, Miamisburg, Ohio, 

November 8. [SRDB Ref ID: 12709]
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GLOSSARY

alpha radiation

Positively charged particle emitted from the nuclei of some radioactive elements. An alpha 

particle consists of two neutrons and two protons (a helium nucleus) and has an electrostatic 

charge of +2.

curie (Ci)

Traditional unit of radioactivity equal to 37 billion (3.7 × 1010) becquerels, which is 

approximately equal to the activity of 1 gram of pure 226Ra.

decay

(1) Disintegration of atomic nuclei from spontaneous radioactivity including alpha, beta, and 

neutron radiation, often accompanied by gamma radiation. (2) Decrease in the amount of 

radioactive material over time. See half-life. 

dose

In general, the specific amount of energy from ionizing radiation that is absorbed per unit of 

mass. Effective and equivalent doses are in units of rem or sievert; other types of dose are in 

units of rad, rep, or grays.

dose conversion factor (DCF)

Multiplier for conversion of potential dose to the personal dose equivalent to the organ of 

interest (e.g., liver or colon). In relation to radiography, ratio of dose equivalent in tissue or 

organ to entrance kerma in air at the surface of the person being radiographed.

dose equivalent

In units of rem or sievert, product of absorbed dose in tissue multiplied by a weighting factor 

and sometimes by other modifying factors to account for the potential for a biological effect 

from the absorbed dose. See dose. 

exposure

(1) In general, the act of being exposed to ionizing radiation; see acute exposure and chronic 

exposure. (2) Measure of the ionization produced by X- and gamma-ray photons in air in units 

of roentgens. 

external dose

Dose received from radiation (e.g., photons, electrons, and neutrons) that originates outside 

the body including medical screening examinations. 

gamma radiation

Electromagnetic radiation (photons) of short wavelength and high energy (10 kiloelectron-volts 

to 9 megaelectron-volts) that originates in atomic nuclei and accompanies many nuclear 

reactions (e.g., fission, radioactive decay, and neutron capture). Gamma photons are identical 

to X-ray photons of high energy; the difference is that X-rays do not originate in the nucleus.

half-life

Time in which half of a given quantity of a particular radionuclide disintegrates (decays) into 

another nuclear form. During one half-life, the number of atoms of a particular radionuclide 

decreases by one half. Each radionuclide has a unique half-life ranging from millionths of a 

second to billions of years
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nuclide

Stable or unstable isotope of any element. Nuclide relates to the atomic mass, which is the 

sum of the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom. A radionuclide is an 

unstable nuclide.

occupational environmental dose

Dose received while on the grounds of a site but not inside a building or other facility.

parent

Radionuclide that decays to form a progeny radionuclide. See progeny and decay. 

progeny

Nuclides that result from decay of other nuclides. Also called decay products and formerly 

called daughter products. See parent. 

radiation

Subatomic particles and electromagnetic rays (photons) with kinetic energy that interact with 

matter through various mechanisms that involve energy transfer. 

radioactive

Of, caused by, or exhibiting radioactivity. 

radioactivity

Property possessed by some elements (e.g., uranium) or isotopes (e.g., 14C) of spontaneously 

emitting energetic particles (electrons or alpha particles) by the disintegration of their atomic 

nuclei. See radionuclide. 

radioisotopic thermoelectric generator (RTG)

Generator that obtains its power from passive (natural) radioactive decay using thermocouples 

to convert the heat of decay into electricity.

radionuclide

Radioactive nuclide. See nuclide. 

roentgen (R)

Unit of photon (gamma or X-ray) exposure for which the resultant ionization liberates a positive 

or negative charge equal to 2.58 × 10-4 coulomb per kilogram (or 1 electrostatic unit of 

electricity per cubic centimeter) of dry air at 0 degrees Celsius and standard atmospheric 

pressure. An exposure of 1 roentgen is approximately equivalent to an absorbed dose of 

1 rad in soft tissue for higher energy photons (generally greater than 100 kiloelectron-volts).

special nuclear material (SNM) 

Plutonium or uranium enriched to a higher-than-natural assay including 239Pu, 233U, uranium 

containing more than the natural abundance of 235U, or any material artificially enriched in one 

of these isotopes.
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ATTACHMENT A 

DOSE COEFFICIENTS

LIST OF TABLES

TABLE TITLE PAGE

A-1 Dose coefficients for contaminated soil to an infinite depth......................................................55

A-2 Dose coefficients for air submersion.........................................................................................55
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ATTACHMENT A 

DOSE COEFFICIENTS (continued)

Table A-1. Dose coefficients for contaminated soil to an infinite depth [Sv/(Bq s/m3)].a

Isotope Gonad Breast Lung R marrow

Bone

surface Thyroid Remainder

Effective 

dose

equivalent Skin

Ac-227 2.76E–21 2.88E–21 2.43E–21 2.22E–21 7.20E–21 2.27E–21 2.29E–21 2.65E–21 3.22E–21

Am-241 2.53E–19 2.74E–19 2.01E–19 1.57E–19 8.43E–19 1.94E–19 1.86E–19 1.34E–19 3.10E–19

Ce-141 1.77E–18 1.84E–18 1.58E–18 1.47E–18 4.34E–18 1.47E–18 1.49E–18 7.93E–18 1.94E–18

Cs-137 4.27E–21 4.50E–21 3.61E–21 3.25E–21 1.09E–20 3.43E–21 3.41E–21 4.02E–21 9.34E–20

Co-60 9.08E–17 9.22E–17 8.36E–17 8.39E–17 1.18E–16 7.82E–17 8.51E–17 8.68E–17 9.94E–17

Pu-238 1.26E–21 1.6E–21 2.99E–22 3.32E–22 1.57E–21 4.04E–22 4.00E–22 8.10E–22 5.09E–21

Pu-239/240 1.82E–21 1.99E–21 1.31E–21 1.25E–21 3.40E–21 1.27E–21 1.28E–21 1.58E–21 4.87E–21

Pu-241 3.28E–23 3.42E–23 2.89E–23 2.60E–23 9.16E–23 2.70E–23 2.70E–23 3.16E–23 3.78E–23

Pa-231 1.08E–18 1.11E–18 9.52E–19 9.26E–19 1.96E–18 8.90E–19 9.13E–19 1.02E–18 1.20E–18

Sr-90 4.02E–21 4.25E–21 3.37E–21 3.00E–21 1.06E–20 3.21E–21 3.17E–21 3.77E–21 1.50E–20

Th-230 6.88E–21 7.38E–21 5.72E–21 5.03E–21 1.91E–20 5.41E–21 5.39E–21 6.47E–21 9.79E–21

Th-232 3.07E–21 3.38E–21 2.36E–21 2.04E–21 8.51E–21 2.26E–21 2.24E–21 2.79E–21 5.55E–21

Th-234 1.34E–19 1.41E–19 1.17E–19 1.01E–19 4.17E–19 1.10E–19 1.09E–19 1.29E–19 1.50E–19

U-234 2.53E–21 2.89E–21 1.64E–21 1.47E–21 5.96E–21 1.62E–21 1.61E–21 2.15E–21 5.99E–21

U-235 4.00E–18 4.16E–18 3.59E–18 3.40E–18 9.04E–18 3.35E–18 3.41E–18 3.86E–18 4.40E–18

U-238 8.19E–22 1.06E–21 2.34E–22 2.18E–22 1.32E–21 2.19E–22 2.86E–22 5.52E–22 3.55E–21

Ac-228 3.36E–17 3.43E–17 3.07E–17 3.06E–17 4.70E–17 2.86E–17 2.96E–17 3.20E–17 3.87E–17

Bi-207 5.27E–17 5.38E–17 4.80E–17 4.77E–17 7.44E–17 4.47E–17 4.64E–17 5.02E–17 5.87E–17

Bi-210 2.03E–20 2.12E–20 1.77E–20 1.64E–20 4.71E–20 1.66E–20 1.67E–20 1.93E–20 1.20E–20

Bi-210m 7.72E–18 7.99E–18 6.91E–18 6.72E–18 1.42E–17 6.45E–18 6.62E–18 7.37E–18 8.48E–18

Bi-214 5.52E–17 5.57E–17 5.05E–17 5.07E–17 7.24E–17 4.75E–17 4.89E–17 5.25E–17 6.51E–17

Ra-226 1.76E–19 1.83E–19 1.58E–19 1.50E–19 3.93E–19 1.47E–19 1.50E–19 1.70E–19 1.94E–19

Eu-152 3.36E–17 3.43E–17 3.10E–17 3.09E–17 4.73E–17 2.90E–17 2.99E–17 3.22E–17 3.69E–17

Eu-154 3.66E–17 3.74E–17 3.39E–17 3.36E–17 5.08E–17 3.18E–17 3.27E–17 3.52E–17 4.10E–17

Np-237 4.37E–19 4.59E–19 3.78E–19 3.34E–19 1.25E–18 3.55E–19 3.53E–19 4.17E–19 5.03E–19

Pu-242 1.04E–21 1.23E–21 2.75E–22 2.93E–22 1.41E–21 3.57E–22 3.52E–22 6.85E–22 4.08E–21

Tc-99 7.35E–22 7.90E–22 5.71E–22 4.83E–22 2.10E–21 5.56E–22 5.39E–22 6.70E–22 9.06E–22

Po-210 2.94E–22 3.01E–22 2.68E–22 2.67E–22 4.10E–22 2.49E–22 2.59E–22 2.80E–22 3.25E–22

Table A-2. Dose coefficients for air submersion [Sv/(Bq s/m3)].a

Isotope Gonad Breast Lung R marrow

Bone

surface Thyroid Remainder

Effective

dose

equivalent Skin

Pu-238 6.56E–18 1.27E–17 1.06E–18 1.68E–18 9.30E–18 4.01E–18 1.99E–18 4.88E–18 4.09E–17

Pu-239/240 6.36E–18 1.23E–17 2.65E–18 2.67E–18 9.47E–18 3.92E–18 2.86E–18 4.75E–18 3.92E–17

Th-228 9.12E–17 1.09E–16 8.33E–17 7.32E–17 2.64E–16 8.88E–17 7.84E–17 9.20E–17 1.50E–16

Th-230 1.80E–17 2.38E–17 1.43E–17 1.22E–17 5.29E–17 1.63E–17 1.37E–17 1.74E–17 4.51E–17

Th-232 9.34E–18 1.36E–17 6.37E–18 5.52E–18 2.60E–17 7.90E–18 6.34E–18 8.72E–18 3.44E–17

Ac-227 5.78E–18 6.98E–18 5.22E–18 4.59E–18 1.68E–17 5.60E–18 4.92E–18 5.82E–18 1.10E–17

Ac-228 4.67E–14 5.30E–14 4.66E–14 4.56E–14 7.39E–14 4.79E–14 4.48E–14 4.78E–14 7.88E–14

Am-241 8.58E–16 1.07E–15 6.74E–16 5.21E–16 2.87E–15 7.83E–16 6.34E–16 8.18E–16 1.28E–15

Co-60 1.23E–13 1.39E–13 1.24E–13 1.23E–13 1.78E–13 1.27E–13 1.20E–13 1.26E–13 1.45E–13

Pa-231 1.71E–15 1.99E–15 1.62E–15 1.52E–15 3.64E–15 1.70E–15 1.54E–15 1.72E–15 2.44E–15

Bi-207 7.34E–14 8.38E–14 7.35E–14 7.17E–14 1.19E–13 7.55E–14 7.04E–14 7.54E–14 9.31E–14

Bi-210 3.32E–17 3.95E–17 2.95E–17 2.60E–17 8.98E–17 3.22E–17 2.79E–17 3.29E–17 2.30E–14

Cs-137 7.96E–18 9.67E–18 6.68E–18 5.70E–18 2.29E–17 7.55E–18 6.34E–18 7.74E–18 8.63E–15

Bi-210m 1.20E–14 1.37E–14 1.17E–14 1.10E–14 2.59E–14 1.21E–14 1.11E–14 1.22E–14 1.63E–14

Bi-214 7.44E–14 8.42E–14 7.51E–14 7.43E–14 1.09E–13 7.67E–14 7.26E–14 7.65E–14 1.28E–13

Np-237 1.04E–15 1.26E–15 9.02E–16 7.69E–16 3.20E–15 9.94E–16 8.50E–16 1.03E–15 1.54E–15

Eu-152 5.53E–14 6.29E–14 5.50E–14 5.37E–14 8.89E–14 5.66E–14 5.28E–14 5.65E–14 6.90E–14

Eu-154 6.00E–14 6.81E–14 5.99E–14 5.87E–14 9.43E–14 6.15E–14 5.75E–14 6.14E–14 8.29E–14

Pu-242 5.34E–18 1.03E–17 9.69E–19 1.43E–18 7.90E–18 3.32E–18 1.68E–18 4.01E–18 3.27E–17

Sr-90 7.78E–18 9.49E–18 6.44E–18 5.44E–18 2.28E–17 7.33E–18 6.11E–18 7.53E–18 9.20E–15

Tc-99 1.74E–18 2.20E–18 1.29E–18 1.05E–18 5.17E–18 1.57E–18 1.24E–18 1.62E–18 2.74E–15

Po-210 4.08E–19 4.63E–19 4.06E–19 3.97E–19 6.39E–19 4.18E–19 3.89E–19 4.16E–19 4.18E–19

a. Eckerman and Ryman (1993).
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 02 Effective Date: 07/02/2019 Page 56 of 111

ATTACHMENT B 

OFFSITE ENVIRONMENTAL AIR SAMPLING DATA FOR 1948 TO SEPTEMBER 1959

Table B-1. Mound offsite air sampling data for 1948 to 1959. 

1948

Reference Description of data

Maximum 

(cpm/cm3)

Maximum 

(dpm/cm3)a

Maximum 

(μCi/cm3)

Bradley 1948a Missing pages - No offsite air sample data available for September. No data No data No data

Bradley 1948b 67 offsite samples were collected during October:

62.7% of results were 0 cpm/m3

26.9% of results were 1-10 cpm/m3

6.0% of results were 11 to 20 cpm/m3

4.4% of results were 21 to 40 cpm/m3

0% of results were >41 cpm/m3

4.1E–05 2.05E–04 9.23E–11

Bradley 1948c Missing pages - No offsite air sample data available for November. No data No data No data

1949

Reference Description of data

Maximum 

(cpm/cm3)

Maximum 

(dpm/cm3)a

Maximum 

(μCi/cm3)

Bradley 1949a 68 offsite samples were collected during December:

54.4% of the results were 0 cpm/m3

33.8% of the results were 1-10 cpm/m3

5.9% of the results were 11 to 20 cpm/m3

4.5% of the results were 21 to 40 cpm/m3

0% of the results were 41 to 80 cpm/m3

31.4% of the results were >80 cpm/m3

8.0E–05 4.00E–04 1.80E–10

Bradley 1949b Missing pages - No offsite air sample data available No data No data No data

Bradley 1949c 66 offsite samples were collected during February:

94.8% of the results were 1-10 cpm/m3

2.6% of the results were 11 to cpm/m3

1.3% of the results were 21 to cpm/m3

0% of the results were 41-80 cpm/m3

1.3% of the results were >80 cpm/m3

8.0E–05 4.00E–04 1.80E–10

Bradley 1949d 49 offsite samples were collected during March:

47.3% of the results were 0 cpm/m3

34.0% of the results were 1-10 cpm/m3

17.0% of the results were 11 to 20 cpm/m3

0% of the results were 21 to 40 cpm/m3

1.7% of the results were 41-80 cpm/m3

0% of the results were >80 cpm/m3

8.0E–05 4.00E–04 1.80E–10

Bradley 1949e 106 offsite samples were collected during April:

40.6% of the results were 0 cpm/m3

56.6% of the results were 1-10 cpm/m3

2.8% of the results were 11 to 20 cpm/m3

0% of the results were >20 cpm/m3. 

2.0E–05 1.00E–04 4.50E–11

Bradley 1949f 62 offsite samples were collected during May:

83.9% of the results were 0 cpm/m3

14.5% of the results were 1-10 cpm/m3

0% of the results were 11 to 20 cpm/m3

0% of the results were 21 to 40 cpm/m3

1.6% of the results were 41 to 80 cpm/m3

0% of the results were >80 cpm/m3

8.0E–5 4.0E–4 1.8E–10

Bradley 1949g June offsite air sample data pages missing. No data No data No data

Bradley 1949h 61 offsite samples were collected during July:

63.9% of the results were 0 cpm/m3

34.4% of the results were 1-10 cpm/m3

1.7% of the results were 11 to 20 cpm/m3

0% of the results were >20 cpm/m3

2.0E–5 9.0E–12 4.5E–11
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 02 Effective Date: 07/02/2019 Page 57 of 111

ATTACHMENT B

OFFSITE ENVIRONMENTAL AIR SAMPLING DATA FOR 1948 TO SEPTEMBER 1959

(continued) 

Reference Description of data

Maximum 

(cpm/cm3)

Maximum 

(dpm/cm3)a

Maximum 

(μCi/cm3)

Bradley 1949i 64 offsite samples were collected during August:

67.2% of the results were 0 cpm/m3

34.4% of the results were 1-10 cpm/m3

1.5% of the results were 11 to 20 cpm/m3

0% of the results were >20 cpm/m3

2.0E–5 9.0E–12 4.5E–11

Bradley 1949j 16 offsite samples were collected during September: 1.25% of the 

results were 0 cpm/m3 

56.25% of the results were 1-10 cpm/m3

6.25% of the results were 11 to 20 cpm/m3

6.25% of the results were 21 to 40 cpm/m3

0% of the results were >40 cpm/m3

4.0E–05 2.00E–04 9.01E–11

Bradley 1949k 62 offsite samples were collected downwind from Mound Plant in 

October:

37.1% of the results were 0 dpm/m3

62.9% of the results were 1 to 20 dpm/m3

0% of the results were >20 dpm/m3

No data 2.00E–05 9.01E–12

Bradley 1949l 61 offsite samples were collected downwind from Mound Plant in 

November:

55.7% of the results were 0 dpm/m3

44.3% of the results were 1 to 20 dpm/m3

0% of the results were >20 dpm/m3

No data 2.00E–05 9.01E–12

1950

Reference Description of data

Maximum 

(cpm/cm3)

Maximum 

(dpm/cm3)a

Maximum 

(μCi/cm3)

Bradley 1950a 53 offsite samples were collected downwind from Mound Plant 

December:

17.0% of the results were 0 dpm/m3

83.0% of the results were 1 to 20 dpm/m3

0% of the results were >20 dpm/m3. 

No data 2.00E–05 9.01E–12

Bradley 1950b 75 offsite samples were collected during January:

57.3% of the results were 0 dpm/m3

42.6% of the results were 1-10 dpm/m3

0% of the results were >20 dpm/m3

No data 2.00E–05 9.01E–12

Bradley 1950c 74 offsite samples were collected during February:

52.7% of the results were 0 dpm/m3

47.3% of the results were 1-10 dpm/m3

0% of the results were >20 dpm/m3

No data 2.00E–05 9.01E–12

Bradley 1950d 85 offsite samples were collected during March:

63.5% of the results were 0 dpm/m3

36.5% of the results were 1-20 dpm/m3

0% of the results were >20 dpm/m3

No data 2.00E–05 9.01E–12

Bradley 1950e 90 offsite samples were collected during April:

61.1% of the results were 0 dpm/m3

38.9% of the results were 1-20 dpm/m3

0% of the results were >20 dpm/m3

No data 2.00E–05 9.01E–12

Bradley 1950f 75 offsite samples were collected during May:

70.4% of the results were 0 dpm/m3

29.6% of the results were 1-20 dpm/m3

0% of the results were >20 dpm/m3

No data 2.00E–05 9.01E–12

Bradley 1950g 74 offsite samples were collected during June:

55.4% of the results were 0 dpm/m3

44.6% of the results were 1-20 dpm/m3

0% of the results were >20 dpm/m3

No data 2.00E–05 9.01E–12
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ATTACHMENT B

OFFSITE ENVIRONMENTAL AIR SAMPLING DATA FOR 1948 TO SEPTEMBER 1959

(continued) 

Reference Description of data

Maximum 

(cpm/cm3)

Maximum 

(dpm/cm3)a

Maximum 

(μCi/cm3)

Bradley 1950h 89 offsite samples were collected during July:

61.8% of the results were 0 dpm/m3

38.2% of the results were 1-20 dpm/m3

0% of the results were >20 dpm/m3

No data 2.00E–05 9.01E–12

Bradley 1950i 69 offsite samples were collected during August:

62.3% of the results were 0 dpm/m3

37.3% of the results were 1-20 dpm/m3

0% of the results were >20 dpm/m3

No data 2.00E–05 9.01E–12

Bradley 1950j 84 offsite samples were collected during September:

45.2% of the results were 0 dpm/m3

54.8% of the results were 1-20 dpm/m3

0% of the results were >20 dpm/m3

No data 2.00E–05 9.01E–12

Bradley 1950k 74 offsite samples were collected during October:

59.5% of the results were 0 dpm/m3

40.5% of the results were 1-20 dpm/m3

0% of the results were >20 dpm/m3

No data 2.00E–05 9.01E–12

Bradley 1950l 78 offsite samples were collected during November:

83.3% of the results were 0 dpm/m3

16.7% of the results were 1-20 dpm/m3

0% of the results were >20 dpm/m3

No data 2.00E–05 9.01E–12

1951

Reference Description of data

Maximum 

(cpm/cm3)

Maximum 

(dpm/cm3)a

Maximum 

(μCi/cm3)

Bradley 1951a 27 offsite samples were collected during December:

63% of the results were 0 dpm/m3

37% of the results were 1-20 dpm/m3 

0% of the results were >20 dpm/m3

No data 2.00E–05 9.01E–12

Bradley 1951b 85 offsite samples were collected during January:

83.6% of the results were 0 dpm/m3

16.4% of the results were 1-20 dpm/m3

0% of the results were >20 dpm/m3

No data 2.00E–05 9.01E–12

Bradley 1951c 85 offsite samples were collected during February:

78.8% of the results were 0 dpm/m3

21.2% of the results were 1-20 dpm/m3

0% of the results were >20 dpm/m3

No data 2.00E–05 9.01E–12

Bradley 1951d 73 offsite samples were collected during March:

71.2% of the results were 0 dpm/m3

28.8% of the results were 1-20 dpm/m3

0% of the results were >20 dpm/m3

No data 2.00E–05 9.01E–12

Bradley 1951e 78 offsite samples were collected during April:

78.2% of the results were 0 dpm/m3

21.8% of the results were 1-20 dpm/m3

0% of the results were >20 dpm/m3

No data 2.00E–05 9.01E–12

Bradley 1951f May offsite air sample data pages missing. No data No data No data

Bradley 1951g 71 offsite samples were collected during June:

66.2% of the results were 0 dpm/m3

33.8% of the results were 1-20 dpm/m3

0% of the results were >20 dpm/m3

No data 2.00E–05 9.01E–12

Bradley 1951h 55 offsite samples were collected during July:

61.8% of the results were 0 dpm/m3

38.2% of the results were 1-20 dpm/m3

0% of the results were >20 dpm/m3

No data 2.00E–05 9.01E–12

Bradley 1951i 85 offsite samples were collected during August:

95.3% of the results were 0 dpm/m3

4.7% of the results were 1-20 dpm/m3

0% of the results were >20 dpm/m3

No data 2.00E–05 9.01E–12
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ATTACHMENT B

OFFSITE ENVIRONMENTAL AIR SAMPLING DATA FOR 1948 TO SEPTEMBER 1959

(continued) 

Reference Description of data

Maximum 

(cpm/cm3)

Maximum 

(dpm/cm3)a

Maximum 

(μCi/cm3)

Bradley 1951j 42 offsite samples were collected during September:

0% of the results were >10 dpm/m3

No data 1.00E–05 4.50E–12

Bradley 1951k 94 offsite samples were collected during October:

93 of the results were 0 dpm/m3

1 result was 6 dpm/m3

No data 6.00E–06 2.70E–12

Bradley 1951l 57 offsite samples were collected during November:

55 of the results were 0 dpm/m3

2 results were between 1 and 10 dpm/m3

No data 1.00E–05 4.50E–12

1952

Reference Description of data

Maximum 

(cpm/cm3)

Maximum 

(dpm/cm3)a

Maximum 

(μCi/cm3)

Bradley 1952e 44 offsite samples were collected during November:

35 of the results were 0 dpm/m3

9 results were < 20 dpm/m3

No data 2.00E–05 9.01E–12

Bradley 1952a 87 offsite samples were collected during January:

67 of the results were 0 dpm/m3

20 results were between 1 and 10 dpm/m3

No data No data No data

Bradley 1952d 60 offsite samples were collected during February:

50 of the results were 0 dpm/m3

10 results were between 1 and 10 dpm/m3

No data 1.00E–05 4.50E–12

Bradley 1952b 71 offsite samples were collected during March:

47 of the results were 0 dpm/m3

14 results were less than 20 dpm/m3

No data 2.00E–05 9.01E–12

Bradley 1952c 78 offsite samples were collected during April:

43 of the results were 0 dpm/m3

35 results were less than 20 dpm/m3

No data 2.00E–05 9.01E–12

Bradley 1952f 33 offsite samples were collected during May:

24 of the results were 0 dpm/m3

9 results were less than 20 dpm/m3

No data 2.00E–05 9.01E–12

Bradley 1952g 86 offsite samples were collected during June:

51 of the results were 0 dpm/m3

35 results were less than 20 dpm/m3

No data 2.00E–05 9.01E–12

Bradley 1952h 83 offsite samples were collected during July:

41 of the results were 0 dpm/m3

41 results were between 1 and 20 dpm/m3 

1 result was between 20 and 40 dpm/m3 

No data 4.00E–05 1.80E–11

Bradley 1952i 41 offsite samples were collected during August:

20 of the results were 0 dpm/m3

21 results were between 1 and 20 dpm/m3 

No data 2.00E–05 9.01E–12

Bradley 1952j 66 offsite samples were collected during September:

32 of the results were 0 dpm/m3

32 results were between 1 and 20 dpm/m3 

2 results were between 21 and 40 dpm/m3

No data 4.00E–05 1.80E–11

Bradley 1952k 82 offsite samples were collected during October:

50 of the results were 0 dpm/m3

31 results were between 1 and 20 dpm/m3 

1 result was between 21 and 40 dpm/m3

No data 4.00E–05 1.80E–11

Bradley 1952l 56 offsite samples were collected during November:

35 of the results were 0 dpm/m3 (“below background”)

21 results were between 1 and 20 dpm/m3 

No data 2.00E–05 9.01E–12
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ATTACHMENT B

OFFSITE ENVIRONMENTAL AIR SAMPLING DATA FOR 1948 TO SEPTEMBER 1959

(continued) 

1953

Reference Description of data

Maximum 

(cpm/cm3)

Maximum 

(dpm/cm3)a

Maximum 

(μCi/cm3)

Bradley 1953l 78 offsite samples were collected during December:

55 of the results were 0 dpm/m3

21 results were between 1 and 20 dpm/m3 

2 results were between 21 and 40 dpm/m3

No data 4.00E–05 1.80E–11

Bradley 1953a 65 offsite samples were collected during January:

Thirty-six of these samples gave no evidence of airborne 

contamination. Of the remaining 29, the highest yield was 

17.3 dpm/m3.

No data 1.73E–05 7.80E–12

Bradley 

1953m

61 offsite samples were collected during February:

42 of the results were 0 dpm/m3

19 results were between 1 and 16 dpm/m3 

No data 1.60E–05 7.20E–12

Bradley 1953b 73 offsite samples were collected during March:

71% of the results were 0 dpm/m3

The 2 highest results were 15 dpm/m3 

No data 1.50E–05 6.80E–12

Bradley 1953c 29 offsite samples were collected during April:

65% of the results were 0 dpm/m3

The highest result was 11 dpm/m3 

No data 1.10E–05 5.00E–12

Bradley 1953d 25 offsite samples were collected during May:

44% of the results were 0 dpm/m3

The highest result was 10 dpm/m3 

No data 1.00E–05 4.50E–12

Bradley 1953e 9 offsite samples were collected during June:

55% of the results were 0 dpm/m3

The highest result was 16 dpm/m3 

No data 1.60E–05 7.20E–12

Bradley 1953f 8 offsite samples were collected during July:

7 of the results were 0 dpm/m3

1 result was 3 dpm/m3 

No data 3.00E–06 1.40E–12

Bradley 1953g Zero offsite samples were collected during August. No data No data No data

Bradley 1953h 9 offsite samples were collected during September:

The highest result was 4 dpm/m3 

No data 4.00E–06 1.80E–12

Bradley 1953i 17 offsite samples were collected during October:

The highest result was 14.4 dpm/m3 

No data 1.40E–05 6.50E–12

Bradley 1953j 18 offsite samples were collected during November:

The highest result was 10.6 dpm/m3 

No data 1.06E–05 4.80E–12

1954

Reference Description of data

Maximum 

(cpm/cm3)

Maximum 

(dpm/cm3)a

Maximum 

(μCi/cm3)

Bradley 1954a 31 offsite samples were collected during December:

The highest result was 5.4 dpm/m3 

No data 5.40E–06 2.40E–12

Bradley 1954b Zero offsite samples were collected during January. No data No data No data

Bradley 1954c 35 offsite samples were collected during February:

The highest result was 7 dpm/m3 

No data 7.00E–06 3.20E–12

Bradley 1954d 31 offsite samples were collected during March:

16% of the results were 0 dpm/m3 

The highest result was 3 dpm/m3 

No data 3.00E–06 1.40E–12

Bradley 1954e Complete data for April, May, and June is missing. No data No data No data

Bradley 1954f 47 samples were collected during July, August, and September:

19 of the results were 0 μCi/cm3

The maximum result was 1E–12 μCi/cm3

No data No data 1.0E–12
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ATTACHMENT B

OFFSITE ENVIRONMENTAL AIR SAMPLING DATA FOR 1948 TO SEPTEMBER 1959

(continued) 

1955

Reference Description of data

Maximum 

(cpm/cm3)

Maximum 

(dpm/cm3)a

Maximum 

(μCi/cm3)

Meyer 1955a 84 samples were collected during October, November, and 

December:

25 of the results were 0 μCi/cm3 

The maximum result was 3.3E–12 μCi/cm3

No data No data 3.3E–12

Meyer 1955b 79 samples were collected during January, February, and March:

32 of the results were 0 μCi/cm3

The maximum result was 2.7E–13 μCi/cm3

No data No data 2.7E–13

Meyer 1955c 79 samples were collected during April, May, and June:

59 of the results were 0 μCi/cm3

The maximum result was 3E–12 μCi/cm3

No data No data 3.0E–12

Meyer 1955d 65 samples were collected during July, August, and September:

64 of the results were 0 μCi/cm3

The maximum result was 1.1E–12 μCi/cm3

No data No data 1.1E–12

1956

Reference Description of data

Maximum 

(cpm/cm3)

Maximum 

(dpm/cm3)a

Maximum 

(μCi/cm3)

Meyer 1956a 67 samples were collected during October, November, and 

December:

65 of the results were 0 μCi/cm3

The maximum result was 5.8E–13 μCi/cm3

No data No data 5.8E–13

Meyer 1956b 30 samples were collected during January, February, and March:

25 of the results were 0 μCi/cm3

The maximum result was 1.93E–12 μCi/cm3 Po

No data No data 1.93E–12

Meyer 1956c 65 samples were collected during April, May, and June:

50 of the results were 0 μCi/cm3

The maximum result was 7.2E–13 μCi/cm3 Po

No data No data 7.2E–13

Meyer 1956d 66 samples were collected during July, August, and September:

59 of the results were 0 μCi/cm3

The maximum result was 1.38E–12 μCi/cm3 Po

No data No data 1.38E–12

1957

Reference Description of data

Maximum 

(cpm/cm3)

Maximum 

(dpm/cm3)a

Maximum 

(μCi/cm3)

Meyer 1957a 67 samples were collected during October, November, and 

December:

58 of the results were 0 μCi/cm3

The maximum result was 1.95E–11 μCi/cm3 Po

No data No data 1.95E–11

Meyer 1957b 67 samples were collected during January, February, and March

62 of the results were 0 μCi/cm3

The maximum result was 1.27E–12 μCi/cm3 Po

No data No data 1.27E–12

Meyer 1957c 67 samples were collected during April, May, and June:

56 of the results were 0 μCi/cm3

The maximum result was 3.85E–12 μCi/cm3 Po

No data No data 3.85E–12

Meyer 1957d 67 samples were collected during July, August, and September:

33 of the results were 0 μCi/cm3

The maximum result was 2.75E–12 μCi/cm3 Po

No data No data 2.75E–12

1958

Reference Description of data

Maximum 

(cpm/cm3)

Maximum 

(dpm/cm3)

a

Maximum 

(μCi/cm3)

Meyer 1958a 67 samples were collected during October, November, and 

December:

51 of the results were 0 μCi/cm3

The maximum result was 1.28E–12 μCi/cm3 Po

No data No data 1.28E–12
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ATTACHMENT B

OFFSITE ENVIRONMENTAL AIR SAMPLING DATA FOR 1948 TO SEPTEMBER 1959

(continued) 

Reference Description of data

Maximum 

(cpm/cm3)

Maximum 

(dpm/cm3)

a

Maximum 

(μCi/cm3)

Meyer 1958b 66 samples were collected during January, February, and March:

51 of the results were 0 μCi/cm3

The maximum result was 4.46E–12 μCi/cm3 Po

No data No data 4.46E–12

Meyer 1958c 55 samples were collected during April, May, and June:

51 of the results were 0 μCi/cm3

The maximum result was 1.03E–12 μCi/cm3 Po

No data No data 1.03E–12

Meyer 1958d 76 samples were collected during July, August, and September:

69 of the results were 0 μCi /cm3

The maximum result was 6.56E–11 μCi/cm3 Po

No data No data 6.56E–11

1959

Reference Description of data

Maximum 

(cpm/cm3)

Maximum 

(dpm/cm3)a

Maximum 

(μCi/cm3)

Meyer 1959a 67 samples were collected during October, November, and 

December:

62 of the results were 0 μCi/cm3

The maximum result was 6.31E–13 μCi/cm3 Po

No data No data 6.31E–13

Meyer 1959b 67 samples were collected during January, February, and March:

59 of the results were 0 μCi/cm3

The maximum result was 7.03E–13 μCi/cm3 Po

No data No data 7.03E–13

No data Data for April, May, and June is unavailable. No data No data No data

Meyer 1959c 36 samples were collected during July, August, and September:

35 of the results were 0 μCi/cm3

The maximum result was 3.87E–13 μCi/cm3 

No data No data 3.87E–13

a. 20% detector efficiency assumed to convert cpm/cm3to dpm/cm3.

b. No data = no data.
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 02 Effective Date: 07/02/2019 Page 63 of 111

ATTACHMENT C 

ENVIRONMENTAL AIR SAMPLING DATA FOR 1959 TO 1972

LIST OF TABLES

TABLE TITLE PAGE

C-1 Mound offsite air monitoring data for 1959 ...............................................................................64

C-2 Mound offsite air monitoring data for 1960 ...............................................................................65

C-3 Mound offsite air monitoring data for 1961 ...............................................................................66

C-4 Mound offsite air monitoring data for 1962 ...............................................................................66

C-5 Mound offsite air monitoring data for January to June 1963.....................................................67

C-6 Mound offsite air monitoring data for 1964 ...............................................................................67

C-7 Mound offsite air monitoring data for 1965 ...............................................................................68

C-8 Mound offsite air monitoring data for 1966 ...............................................................................68

C-9 Mound offsite air monitoring data for 1967 ...............................................................................69

C-10 Mound offsite air monitoring data for 1968 ...............................................................................70

C-11 Mound offsite air monitoring data for 1969 ...............................................................................71

C-12 Mound offsite air monitoring data for 1970 ...............................................................................72

C-13 Mound air monitoring data for 1971..........................................................................................73

C-14 Mound air monitoring data for 1972..........................................................................................74
ATTACHMENT C

ENVIRONMENTAL AIR SAMPLING DATA FOR 1959 TO 1972 (continued)

Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 02 Effective Date: 07/02/2019 Page 64 of 111

Table C-1. Mound offsite air monitoring data for 1959.

a,b

HTO offsite concentration (10-12 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

12 locations 

– 0 to 5 mi

No data (d) (d) (d) No data

15 locations 

– 5 to 15 mi

No data (d) (d) (d) No data

20 locations 

– 15 to 30 mi

No data (d) (d) (d) No data

14 locations 

– 30 to 40 mi

No data (d) (d) (d) No data

N No data No data No data No data No data

Min. No data No data No data No data No data

Max. No data No data No data No data No data

Median No data No data No data No data No data

Mean No data No data No data No data No data

StdDev No data No data No data No data No data

Effluent intake concentration (e)

Po-210 offsite concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)c

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

12 locations 

–0 to 5 mi

No data No data No data No data 123,000

15 locations 

–5 to 15 mi

No data No data No data No data 118,000

20 locations 

– 15 to 30 mi

No data No data No data No data 94,000

14 locations 

– 30 to 40 mi

No data No data No data No data 116,000

N No data No data No data No data 4

Min. No data No data No data No data 94,000

Max. No data No data No data No data 123,000

Median No data No data No data No data 117,000

Mean No data No data No data No data 112,750

StdDev No data No data No data No data 12,842

Effluent intake concentration (e)

a. Source: Monsanto (1960).

b. LDL = lower detection limit.

c. Gross alpha including naturally occurring alpha.

d. All values not detectable before 1967 (Sheehan and Anderson 1966).

e. Not used (derived by alternate method).
ATTACHMENT C

ENVIRONMENTAL AIR SAMPLING DATA FOR 1959 TO 1972 (continued)

Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 02 Effective Date: 07/02/2019 Page 65 of 111

Table C-2. Mound offsite air monitoring data for 1960.

a,b

HTO offsite concentration (10-12 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

12 locations 

– 0 to 5 mi

119 (d) (d) (d) No data

15 locations 

– 5 to 15 mi

146 (d) (d) (d) No data

20 locations 

– 15 to 30 mi

117 (d) (d) (d) No data

14 locations 

– 30 to 40 mi

154 (d) (d) (d) No data

N 536 No data No data No data No data

Min. No data No data No data No data No data

Max. No data No data No data No data No data

Median No data No data No data No data No data

Mean No data No data No data No data No data

StdDev No data No data No data No data No data

Effluent intake concentration (e)

Pu – Po offsite concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)c

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

12 locations 

– 0 to 5 mi

119 No data No data No data 27,100

15 locations 

– 5 to 15 mi

146 No data No data No data 24,200

20 locations 

– 15 to 30 mi

117 No data No data 1,171 10,500

14 locations 

– 30 to 40 mi

154 No data No data 3,153 19,800

N 536 No data No data 2 4

Min. No data No data No data 117,100 10,500

Max. No data No data No data 315,300 27,100

Median No data No data No data 216,200 22,000

Mean No data No data No data 216,200 20,400

StdDev No data No data No data 140,149 7,250

Effluent intake concentration (e)

a. Source: Monsanto (1961a).

b. LDL = lower detection limit.

c. Gross alpha; no discrimination between Pu and Po.

d. All values not detectable before 1967 (Sheehan and Anderson 1966).

e. Not used (derived by alternate method). 
ATTACHMENT C

ENVIRONMENTAL AIR SAMPLING DATA FOR 1959 TO 1972 (continued)

Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 02 Effective Date: 07/02/2019 Page 66 of 111

Table C-3. Mound offsite air monitoring data for 1961.a,b

HTO offsite concentration (10-12 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

All locations 

1st qtr

154 (d) (d) (d) (d)

All locations 

3rd qtr

179 (d) (d) (d) (d)

All locations 

4th qtr

183 (d) (d) (d) (d)

N 516 No data No data No data No data

Min. No data No data No data No data No data

Max. No data No data No data No data No data

Median No data No data No data No data No data

Mean No data No data No data No data No data

StdDev No data No data No data No data No data

Effluent intake concentration (e)

Pu – Po offsite concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)c

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

All locations 

1st qtr

154 No data No data 90,100 9,300

All locations 

3rd qtr

155 No data No data 54,000 12,000

All locations 

4th qtr

159 No data No data 1,413,000 25,400

N 468 No data No data 3 3

Min. No data No data No data 54,000 9,300

Max. No data No data No data 1,413,000 25,400

Median No data No data No data 90,100 12,000

Mean No data No data No data 519,033 15,567

StdDev No data No data No data 774,408 8,622

Effluent intake concentration (e)

a. Sources: Monsanto (1961b, Adams (1961, 1962a).

b. LDL = lower detection limit.

c. Downwind sample gross alpha; no discrimination between Pu and Po.

d. All values not detectable before 1967 (Sheehan and Anderson 1966).

e. Not used (derived by alternate method).

Table C-4. Mound offsite air monitoring data for 1962.

a,b

HTO offsite concentration (10-12 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

Upwind 

locations

18 (d) (d) (d) (d)

Downwind 

locations 

115 (d) (d) (d) (d)

N 133 No data No data No data No data

Min. No data No data No data No data No data

Max. No data No data No data No data No data

Median No data No data No data No data No data

Mean No data No data No data No data No data

StdDev No data No data No data No data No data

Effluent intake concentration (e)

Pu – Po offsite concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)c

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

Upwind 

locations

18 No data No data 9,400 1,100

Downwind 

locations 

115 No data No data 60,700 1,900

N 133 No data No data 2 2

Min. No data No data No data 9,400 1,100

Max. No data No data No data 60,700 1,900

Median No data No data No data 35,050 1,500

Mean No data No data No data 35,050 1,500

StdDev No data No data No data 36,275 566

Effluent intake concentration (e)

a. Sources: Adams (1962b, 1963a).

b. LDL = lower detection limit.

c. Gross alpha; no discrimination between Pu and Po.

d. All values not detectable before 1967 (Sheehan and Anderson 1966).

e. Not used (derived by alternate method).
ATTACHMENT C

ENVIRONMENTAL AIR SAMPLING DATA FOR 1959 TO 1972 (continued)

Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 02 Effective Date: 07/02/2019 Page 67 of 111

Table C-5. Mound offsite air monitoring data for January to June 1963.

a,b

HTO offsite concentration (10-12 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

Upwind 

locations

26 (d) (d) (d) (d)

Downwind 

locations 

154 (d) (d) (d) (d)

N 180 No data No data No data No data

Min. No data No data No data No data No data

Max. No data No data No data No data No data

Median No data No data No data No data No data

Mean No data No data No data No data No data

StdDev No data No data No data No data No data

Effluent intake concentration (e)

Pu – Po offsite concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)c 

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

Upwind 

locations

26 No data No data 20,700 3,400

Downwind 

locations 

154 No data No data 41,800 3,000

N 180 No data No data 2 2

Min. No data No data No data 20,700 3,000

Max. No data No data No data 41,800 3,400

Median No data No data No data 31,250 3,200

Mean No data No data No data 31,250 3,200

StdDev No data No data No data 14,920 283

Effluent intake concentration (e)

a. Source: Adams (1963b).

b. LDL = lower detection limit. 

c. Gross alpha; no discrimination between Pu and Po. 

d. All values not detectable before 1967 (Sheehan and Anderson 1966). 

e. Not used (derived by alternate method). 

Table C-6. Mound offsite air monitoring data for 1964.

a,b

HTO offsite concentration (10-12 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

Upwind

locations

94 (d) (d) (d) (d)

Downwind 

locations 

566 (d) (d) (d) (d)

N 660 No data No data No data No data

Min. No data No data No data No data No data

Max. No data No data No data No data No data

Median No data No data No data No data No data

Mean No data No data No data No data No data

StdDev No data No data No data No data No data

Effluent intake concentration (e)

Pu – Po offsite concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)c

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

Upwind 

locations

94 No data No data 43,700 2,550

Downwind 

locations 

566 No data No data 144,000 3,600

N 660 No data No data 2 2

Min. No data No data No data 43,700 2,550

Max. No data No data No data 144,000 3,600

Median No data No data No data 93,850 3,075

Mean No data No data No data 93,850 3,075

StdDev No data No data No data 70,923 742

Effluent intake concentration (e)

a. Sources: Adams (1964, 1965a). 

b. LDL = lower detection limit. 

c. Gross alpha; no discrimination between Pu and Po. 

d. All values not detectable before 1967 (Sheehan and Anderson 1966). 

e. Not used (derived by alternate method). 
ATTACHMENT C

ENVIRONMENTAL AIR SAMPLING DATA FOR 1959 TO 1972 (continued)

Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 02 Effective Date: 07/02/2019 Page 68 of 111

Table C-7. Mound offsite air monitoring data for 1965.a,b

HTO offsite concentration (10-12 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

Upwind 

locations

104 (d) (d) (d) (d)

Downwind 

locations

620 (d) (d) (d) (d)

N 724 No data No data No data No data

Min. No data No data No data No data No data

Max. No data No data No data No data No data

Median No data No data No data No data No data

Mean No data No data No data No data No data

StdDev No data No data No data No data No data

Effluent intake concentration (e)

Pu – Po offsite concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)c

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

Upwind 

locations

104 No data No data 27,000 2,500

Downwind 

locations

620 No data No data 82,800 2,600

N 724 No data No data 2 2

Min. No data No data No data 27,000 2,500

Max. No data No data No data 82,800 2,600

Median No data No data No data 54,900 2,550

Mean No data No data No data 54,900 2,550

StdDev No data No data No data 39,457 71

Effluent intake concentration (e)

a. Sources: Adams (1965b), Adams and Anderson (1966). 

b. LDL = lower detection limit. 

c. Gross alpha; no discrimination between Pu and Po. 

d. All values not detectable before 1967 (Sheehan and Anderson 1966). 

e. Not used (derived by alternate method). 

Table C-8. Mound offsite air monitoring data for 1966.a,b

HTO offsite concentration (10-12 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

0-3 mi upwind 77 (d) (d) (d) (d)

0-3 mi downwind 127 (d) (d) (d) (d)

3-5 mi downwind 82 (d) (d) (d) (d)

5-10 mi downwind 82 (d) (d) (d) (d)

10-15 mi 

downwind

87 (d) (d) (d) (d)

15-20 mi 

downwind

123 (d) (d) (d) (d)

N 578 No data No data No data No data

Min. No data No data No data No data No data

Max. No data No data No data No data No data

Median No data No data No data No data No data

Mean No data No data No data No data No data

StdDev No data No data No data No data No data

Effluent intake concentration (e)

Pu – Po offsite concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)c

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

0-3 mi upwind 77 3,500 No data 16,800 3,900

0-3 mi downwind 127 3,500 No data 534,200 11,100

3-5 mi downwind 82 3,500 No data 12,900 4,300

5-10 mi downwind 82 3,500 No data 54,600 5,000

10-15 mi 

downwind

87 3,500 No data 23,200 5,000

15-20 mi 

downwind

123 3,500 No data 11,120 5,600

N 578 No data No data 6 6

Min. No data 3,500 No data 11,120 3,900

Max. No data 3,500 No data 534,200 11,100

Median No data 3,500 No data 20,000 5,000

Mean No data 3,500 No data 108,803 5,817

StdDev No data No data No data 209,013 2,656

Effluent intake concentration (e)

a. Sources: Sheehan and Anderson (1966), Anderson and Sheehan (1967a). 

b. LDL = lower detection limit; unknown confidence level. 

c. Gross alpha; no discrimination between Pu and Po. 

d. All values not detectable before 1967 (Sheehan and Anderson 1966). 

e. Not used (derived by alternate method). 
ATTACHMENT C

ENVIRONMENTAL AIR SAMPLING DATA FOR 1959 TO 1972 (continued)

Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 02 Effective Date: 07/02/2019 Page 69 of 111

Table C-9. Mound offsite air monitoring data for 1967.a,b

HTO concentration (10-12 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

0-3 mi 

upwind

33 8,000 No data 25,000 8,650

0-3 mi 

downwind 

32 8,000 No data 26,900 9,020

3-5 mi 

downwind

31 8,000 No data 12,790 8,080

5-10 mi 

downwind

31 8,000 No data 10,690 8,090

10-15 mi 

downwind

29 8,000 No data 8,000 8,000

15-20 mi 

downwind

24 8,000 No data 9,400 8,090

N 180 No data No data 6 6

Min. No data 8,000 No data 8,000 8,000

Max. No data 8,000 No data 26,900 9,020

Median No data 8,000 No data 11,740 8,090

Mean No data 8,000 No data 15,463 8,322

StdDev No data No data No data 8,296 416

Effluent intake concentration (c)

Pu-238 concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

0-3 mi 

upwind

46 1,300 No data 282,200 12,000

0-3 mi 

downwind

46 900 No data 121,700 9,900

3-5 mi 

downwind

46 1,300 No data 111,400 11,100

5-10 mi 

downwind

45 1,300 No data 14,200 4,700

10-15 mi 

downwind

46 1,300 No data 98,400 8,300

15-20 mi 

downwind

46 900 No data 27,300 4,500

N 275 No data No data 6 6

Min. No data 900 No data 14,200 4,500

Max. No data 1,300 No data 282,200 12,000

Median No data 1,300 No data 104,900 9,100

Mean No data 1,167 No data 109,200 8,417

StdDev No data No data No data 95,853 3,207

Effluent intake concentration (c)

Po-210 concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

0-3 mi 

upwind

45 8,000 No data 669,000 33,300

0-3 mi 

downwind

44 5,300 No data 104,700 15,300

3-5 mi 

downwind

45 8,000 No data 689,200 35,200

5-10 mi 

downwind

45 8,000 No data 99,100 22,500

10-15 mi 

downwind

45 8,000 No data 80,000 19,700

15-20 mi 

downwind

44 5,300 No data 36,600 14,100

N 268 No data No data 6 6

Min. No data 5,300 No data 36,600 14,100

Max. No data 8,000 No data 689,200 35,200

Median No data 8,000 No data 101,900 21,100

Mean No data 7,100 No data 279,767 23,350

StdDev No data No data No data 310,311 8,987

Effluent intake concentration (c)

a. Sources: HTO and Pu-238, Anderson and Sheehan (1967b, 1968a); Po-210, Anderson and Sheehan (1968a, Table 5).

b. LDL = lower detection limit; unknown confidence level.

c. Not used (derived by alternate method).
ATTACHMENT C

ENVIRONMENTAL AIR SAMPLING DATA FOR 1959 TO 1972 (continued)

Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 02 Effective Date: 07/02/2019 Page 70 of 111

Table C-10. Mound offsite air monitoring data for 1968.a,b

HTO concentration (10-12 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

0-3 mi 

upwind

40 2,000 No data 16,550 3,690

0-3 mi 

downwind 

40 2,000 No data 41,740 4,050

3-5 mi 

downwind

40 2,000 No data 10,950 2,730

5-10 mi 

downwind

40 2,000 No data 12,850 3,010

10-15 mi 

downwind

40 2,000 No data 10,150 2,890

15-20 mi 

downwind

40 2,000 No data 16,900 3,210

N 240 No data No data 6 6

Min. No data 2,000 No data 10,150 2,730

Max. No data 2,000 No data 41,740 4,050

Median No data 2,000 No data 14,700 3,110

Mean No data 2,000 No data 18,190 3,263

StdDev No data No data No data 11,870 508

Effluent intake concentration (c)

Pu-238 concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

0-3 mi 

upwind

38 1,300 No data 37,900 11,900

0-3 mi 

downwind 

38 900 No data 36,500 9,200

3-5 mi 

downwind

24 1,300 No data 81,100 14,700

5-10 mi 

downwind

23 1,300 No data 55,000 13,100

10-15 mi 

downwind

23 1,300 No data 36,500 12,900

15-20 mi 

downwind

22 900 No data 54,400 9,100

N 168 No data No data 6 6

Min. No data 900 No data 36,500 9,100

Max. No data 1,300 No data 81,100 14,700

Median No data 1,300 No data 46,150 12,400

Mean No data 1,167 No data 50,233 11,817

StdDev No data No data No data 17,448 2,252

Effluent intake concentration (c)

Po-210 concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

0-3 mi 

upwind

40 8,000 No data 440,200 32,900

0-3 mi 

downwind

40 5,300 No data 404,200 35,100

3-5 mi 

downwind

40 8,000 No data 396,600 34,900

5-10 mi 

downwind

40 8,000 No data 331,500 31,300

10-15 mi 

downwind

40 8,000 No data 312,700 33,700

15-20 mi 

downwind

40 5,300 No data 236,800 23,100

N 240 No data No data 6 6

Min. No data 5,300 No data 236,800 23,100

Max. No data 8,000 No data 440,200 35,100

Median No data 8,000 No data 364,050 33,300

Mean No data 7,100 No data 353,667 31,833

StdDev No data No data No data 74,448 4,500

Effluent intake concentration (c)

a. Sources: HTO and Pu-238, Anderson and Sheehan (1968b, 1969a); Po-210, Anderson and Sheehan (1969a, Table 5).

b. LDL = lower detection limit; unknown confidence level.

c. Not used (derived by alternate method).
ATTACHMENT C

ENVIRONMENTAL AIR SAMPLING DATA FOR 1959 TO 1972 (continued)

Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 02 Effective Date: 07/02/2019 Page 71 of 111

Table C-11. Mound offsite air monitoring data for 1969.

a,b

HTO concentration (10-12 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

0-3 mi 

upwind

35 1,000 No data 5,480 1,390

0-3 mi 

downwind 

35 1,000 No data 12,190 1,400

3-5 mi 

downwind

34 1,000 No data 3,990 1,120

5-10 mi 

downwind

34 1,000 No data 2,390 1,060

10-15 mi 

downwind

34 1,000 No data 1,510 1,020

15-20 mi 

downwind

33 1,000 No data 3,580 1,110

N 205 No data No data 6 6

Min. No data 1,000 No data 1,510 1,020

Max. No data 1,000 No data 12,190 1,400

Median No data 1,000 No data 3,785 1,115

Mean No data 1,000 No data 4,857 1,183

StdDev No data No data No data 3,843 168

Effluent intake concentration (d)

Pu-238 concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

0-3 mi 

upwind

37 1,300 No data 12,700 5,400

0-3 mi 

downwind 

38 900 No data 61,100 6,800

3-5 mi 

downwind

38 1,300 No data 183,300 10,500

5-10 mi 

downwind

37 1,300 No data 16,000 6,300

10-15 mi 

downwind

38 1,300 No data 19,700 5,900

15-20 mi 

downwind

37 900 No data 15,600 4,200

N 225 No data No data 6 6

Min. No data 900 No data 12,700 4,200

Max. No data 1,300 No data 183,300 10,500

Median No data 1,300 No data 17,850 6,100

Mean No data 1,167 No data 51,400 6,517

StdDev No data No data No data 67,125 2,144

Effluent intake concentration (d)

Po-210 concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)c

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

0-3 mi 

upwind

37 8,000 No data 39,500 15,600

0-3 mi 

downwind

38 5,300 No data 35,800 9,400

3-5 mi 

downwind

37 8,000 No data 38,900 14,500

5-10 mi 

downwind

38 8,000 No data 64,900 15,600

10-15 mi 

downwind

39 8,000 No data 30,300 14,400

15-20 mi 

downwind

37 5,300 No data 35,700 10,400

N 226 No data No data 6 6

Min. No data 5,300 No data 30,300 9,400

Max. No data 8,000 No data 64,900 15,600

Median No data 8,000 No data 37,350 14,450

Mean No data 7,100 No data 40,850 13,317

StdDev No data No data No data 12,226 2,715

Effluent intake concentration (d)

a. Sources: HTO and Pu-238, Anderson and Sheehan (1969b, 1970); Po-210, Anderson and Sheehan 1970, (Table 5). 

b. LDL = lower detection limit; unknown confidence level. 

c. Gross alpha attributed to Pu-238 after separation of Po (naturally occurring alpha is included).

d. Not used (derived by alternate method).
ATTACHMENT C

ENVIRONMENTAL AIR SAMPLING DATA FOR 1959 TO 1972 (continued)

Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 02 Effective Date: 07/02/2019 Page 72 of 111

Table C-12. Mound offsite air monitoring data for 1970.

a,b

HTO concentration (10-12 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

0-3 mi 

upwind

82 200 No data No data 480

0-3 mi 

downwind 

83 200 No data No data 3,910

3-5 mi 

downwind

83 200 No data No data 610

5-10 mi 

downwind

84 200 No data No data 420

10-15 mi 

downwind

84 200 No data No data 520

15-20 mi 

downwind

84 200 No data No data 430

N 500 No data No data No data 6

Min. No data 200 No data No data 420

Max. No data 200 No data No data 3,910

Median No data 200 No data No data 500

Mean No data 200 No data No data 1,062

StdDev No data No data No data No data 1,397

Effluent intake concentration (c)

Pu-238 concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

0-3 mi 

upwind

81 1,300 No data No data 3,300

0-3 mi 

downwind 

81 900 No data No data 2,900

3-5 mi 

downwind

81 1,300 No data No data 3,300

5-10 mi 

downwind

81 1,300 No data No data 2,700

10-15 mi 

downwind

81 1,300 No data No data 2,700

15-20 mi 

downwind

81 900 No data No data 2,300

N 486 No data No data No data 6

Min. No data 900 No data No data 2,300

Max. No data 1,300 No data No data 3,300

Median No data 1,300 No data No data 2,800

Mean No data 1,167 No data No data 2,867

StdDev No data No data No data No data 388

Effluent intake concentration (c)

Po-210 concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

0-3 mi 

upwind

84 8,000 No data No data 14,000

0-3 mi 

downwind

84 5,000 No data No data 8,000

3-5 mi 

downwind

83 8,000 No data No data 10,000

5-10 mi 

downwind

84 8,000 No data No data 11,000

10-15 mi 

downwind

84 8,000 No data No data 12,000

15-20 mi 

downwind

84 5,000 No data No data 8,000

N 503 No data No data No data 6

Min. No data 5,000 No data No data 8,000

Max. No data 8,000 No data No data 14,000

Median No data 8,000 No data No data 10,500

Mean No data 7,000 No data No data 10,500

StdDev No data No data No data No data 2,345

Effluent intake concentration (c)

a. Sources: Monsanto (1971a, 1971b).

b. LDL = lower detection limit at 95% confidence level. 

c. Not used (derived by alternate method).
ATTACHMENT C

ENVIRONMENTAL AIR SAMPLING DATA FOR 1959 TO 1972 (continued)

Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 02 Effective Date: 07/02/2019 Page 73 of 111

Table C-13. Mound air monitoring data for 1971.

a,b

HTO concentration (10-12 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

0-3 mi 

upwind

136 40 No data No data 610

0-3 mi 

downwind 

136 40 No data No data 2,880

3-5 mi 

downwind

136 40 No data No data 760

5-10 mi 

downwind

136 40 No data No data 410

Southern 

perimeter

No data No data No data No data 140

Northern 

perimeter

No data No data No data No data 4,800

Site center No data No data No data No data 5,400

N 816 No data No data No data No data

Min. No data 40 No data No data No data

Max. No data 40 No data No data No data

Median No data 40 No data No data No data

Mean No data 40 No data No data No data

StdDev No data No data No data No data No data

Effluent intake concentration 4,800

Pu-238 concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

0-3 mi 

upwind

116 30 No data No data 2,270

0-3 mi 

downwind 

116 30 No data No data 2,960

3-5 mi 

downwind

115 30 No data No data 1,540

5-10 mi 

downwind

110 30 No data No data 1,630

Southern 

perimeter

No data No data No data No data 500

Northern 

perimeter

No data No data No data No data 300

Site center No data No data No data No data 400

N 677 No data No data No data No data

Min. No data 30 No data No data No data

Max. No data 30 No data No data No data

Median No data 30 No data No data No data

Mean No data 30 No data No data No data

StdDev No data No data No data No data No data

Effluent intake concentration 400

Po-210 concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

0-3 mi 

upwind

134 2,000 No data No data 12,000

0-3 mi 

downwind 

134 2,000 No data No data 1,000

3-5 mi 

downwind

134 2,000 No data No data 10,000

5-10 mi 

downwind

134 2,000 No data No data 14,000

Southern 

perimeter

No data No data No data No data 2,000

Northern 

perimeter

No data No data No data No data 2,000

Site center No data No data No data No data 4,000

N 804 No data No data No data No data

Min. No data 2,000 No data No data No data

Max. No data 2,000 No data No data No data

Median No data 2,000 No data No data No data

Mean No data 2,000 No data No data No data

StdDev No data No data No data No data No data

Effluent intake concentration 2,000

a. Source: Monsanto (1972), Carfagno and Westendorf (1972a).

b. LDL = lower detection limit at 95% confidence level.
ATTACHMENT C

ENVIRONMENTAL AIR SAMPLING DATA FOR 1959 TO 1972 (continued)

Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 02 Effective Date: 07/02/2019 Page 74 of 111

Table C-14. Mound air monitoring data for 1972.

a,b

HTO concentration (10-12 μCi/mL) 

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 26 3 <3.0 290 77

212 On 26 3 <3.0 2,200 200

213 On 26 3 <3.0 1,250 110

214 On 26 3 <3.0 690 82

215 On 26 3 <3.0 430 51

N 130 5 0 5 5

Min. No data 3 BEL 290 51

Max. No data 3 BEL 2,200 200

Median No data 3.00 ND 690.00 82.00

Mean No data 3.00 ND 972.00 104.00

StdDev No data 0.00 ND 778.41 57.61

101 Off 46 3 <3.0 580 101

102 Off 37 3 <3.0 250 61

103 Off 45 3 <3.0 1,640 81

104 Off 42 3 <3.0 270 30

105 Off 45 3 <3.0 110 12

106 Off 45 3 <3.0 59 8

107 Off 43 3 <3.0 25 4

108 Off 44 3 <3.0 16 3

109 Off 45 3 <3.0 21 4

110 Off 43 3 <3.0 79 5

N 435 10 0 10 10

Min. No data 3 BEL 16 3

Max. No data 3 BEL 1,640 101

Median No data 3.00 No data 95 10

Mean No data 3.00 No data 305 31

StdDev No data 0.00 No data 500 37

EL N/A N/A N/A N/A No data

Effluent intake concentration 82.00

Pu-238 concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 26 1 10 928 400

212 On 26 1 10 129 58

213 On 26 1 8 1,101 400

214 On 26 1 39 153 140

215 On 26 1 18 33 22

N 130 5 5 5 5

Min. No data 1 8 33 22

Max. No data 1 39 1,101 400

Median No data 0.50 10.00 153.00 140.00

Mean No data 0.50 17.00 468.80 204.00

StdDev No data 0.00 12.88 503.90 183.96

101 Off 46 1 11 95 34

102 Off 3 1 (c) (c) 69

103 Off 44 1 5 188 56

104 Off 45 1 6 51 20

105 Off 45 1 4 27 10

106 Off 45 1 3 78 13

107 Off 25 1 2 11 5

108 Off 43 1 3 14 8

109 Off 41 1 2 9 5

110 Off 27 1 4 7 5

N 364 10 9 9 10

Min. No data 1 2 7 5

Max. No data 1 11 188 69

Median No data 0.50 3.50 27.00 11.30

Mean No data 0.50 4.36 53.38 22.43

StdDev No data 0.00 2.73 59.78 23.14

EL N/A N/A N/A N/A No data

Effluent intake concentration 140.00

Po-210 concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 26 20 930 3,700 2,300

212 On 26 20 700 2,400 1,300

213 On 26 20 660 2,600 1,200

214 On 26 20 740 4,500 1,300

215 On 26 20 590 2,300 1,200

N 130 5 5 5 5

Min. No data 20 590 2,300 1,200

Max. No data 20 930 4,500 2,300

Median No data 20.00 700.00 2,600.00 1,300.00

Mean No data 20.00 724.00 3,100.00 1,460.00

StdDev No data 0.00 127.79 961.77 472.23

101 Off 46 20 520 3,700 1,300

102 Off No data No data No data No data No data

103 Off No data No data No data No data No data

104 Off No data No data No data No data No data

105 Off No data No data No data No data No data

106 Off No data No data No data No data No data

107 Off No data No data No data No data No data

108 Off 42 20 600 2,900 1,300

109 Off No data No data No data No data No data

110 Off No data No data No data No data No data

N 88 2 2 2 2

Min. No data 20 520 2,900 1,300

Max. No data 20 600 3,700 1,300

Median No data 20.00 560.00 3,300.00 1,300.00

Mean No data 20.00 560.00 3,300.00 1,300.00

StdDev No data 0.00 56.57 565.69 0.00

EL N/A N/A N/A N/A No data

Effluent intake concentration 1,300.00

a. Sources: HTO and Pu-238, Anderson and Sheehan (1967b, 1968a); Po-210, Anderson and Sheehan (1968a, Table 5).

b. BEL = below environmental level; EL = environmental (activity concentration) level; LDL = lower detection limit at 95% confidence level; N/A = not applicable. 

c. Pu-238 sample location 102 value is composite of three samples.
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 02 Effective Date: 07/02/2019 Page 75 of 111

ATTACHMENT D 

ENVIRONMENTAL AIR SAMPLING DATA FOR 1973 TO 2002

LIST OF TABLES

TABLE TITLE PAGE

D-1 Mound air monitoring data for 1973..........................................................................................76

D-2 Mound air monitoring data for 1974..........................................................................................77

D-3 Mound air monitoring data for 1975..........................................................................................78

D-4 Mound air monitoring data for 1976..........................................................................................79

D-5 Mound air monitoring data for 1977..........................................................................................80

D-6 Mound air monitoring data for 1978..........................................................................................81

D-7 Mound air monitoring data for 1979..........................................................................................82

D-8 Mound air monitoring data for 1980..........................................................................................83

D-9 Mound air monitoring data for 1981..........................................................................................84

D-10 Mound air monitoring data for 1982..........................................................................................85

D-11 Mound air monitoring data for 1983..........................................................................................86

D-12 Mound air monitoring data for 1984..........................................................................................87

D-13 Mound air monitoring data for 1985..........................................................................................88

D-14 Mound air monitoring data for 1986..........................................................................................89

D-15 Mound air monitoring data for 1987..........................................................................................90

D-16 Mound air monitoring data for 1988..........................................................................................91

D-17 Mound air monitoring data for 1989..........................................................................................92

D-18 Mound air monitoring data for 1990..........................................................................................93

D-19 Mound air monitoring data for 1991..........................................................................................94

D-20 Mound air monitoring data for 1992..........................................................................................95

D-21 Mound air monitoring data for 1993..........................................................................................96

D-22 Mound air monitoring data for 1994..........................................................................................97

D-23 Mound air monitoring data for 1995..........................................................................................98

D-24 Mound air monitoring data for 1996..........................................................................................99

D-25 Mound air monitoring data for 1997........................................................................................100

D-26 Mound air monitoring data for 1998........................................................................................102

D-27 Mound air monitoring data for 1999........................................................................................104

D-28 Mound air monitoring data for 2000........................................................................................106

D-29 Mound air monitoring data for 2001........................................................................................108

D-30 Mound air monitoring data for 2002........................................................................................110
ATTACHMENT D 

ENVIRONMENTAL AIR SAMPLING DATA FOR 1959 TO 1972 (continued)

Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 02 Effective Date: 07/02/2019 Page 76 of 111

Table D-1. Mound air monitoring data for 1973.

a,b

HTO concentration (10-12 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 52 3 <3.0 280.00 59.00

212 On 52 3 <3.0 880.00 81.00

213 On 52 3 <3.0 670 97.00

214 On 50 3 <3.0 570 79

215 On 51 3 <3.0 340.00 33.00

N 257 5 0 5 5

Min. No data 3 BELc 280.00 33.00

Max. No data 3 BELc 880.00 97.00

Median No data 3 No data 570.00 79.00

Mean No data 3 No data 548.00 69.80

StdDev No data 0 No data 245.30 24.60

101 Off 49 3 <3.0 810.00 87.00

102 Off 51 3 <3.0 970.00 124.00

103 Off 52 3 <3.0 3040.00 115.00

104 Off 51 3 <3.0 570.00 40.00

105 Off 52 3 <3.0 350.00 14.00

106 Off 51 3 <3.0 130.00 12.00

107 Off 52 3 <3.0 200.00 15.00

108 Off 52 3 <3.0 110.00 8.00

109 Off 52 3 <3.0 660.00 26.00

110 Off 52 3 <3.0 80.00 8.00

111 Off 52 3 <3.0 80.00 9.00

112 Off 50 3 <3.0 490.00 37.00

113 Off 51 3 <3.0 130.00 13.00

114 Off 51 3 <3.0 110.00 10.00

115 Off 50 3 <3.0 80.00 10.00

116 Off 49 3 <3.0 210.00 14.00

117 Off 50 3 <3.0 100.00 9.00

118 Off 45 3 <3.0 910.00 45.00

119 Off 41 3 <3.0 60.00 5.00

120 Off 42 3 <3.0 100.00 9.00

121 Off 44 3 <3.0 50.00 7.00

N 1,039 21 0 21 21

Min. No data 3 BEL 50.00 5.00

Max. No data 3 BEL 3,040.00 124.00

Median No data 3 No data 130.00 13.00

Mean No data 3 No data 440.00 29.38

StdDev No data 0 No data 667.52 35.56

ELc No data No data No data No data 5

Effluent intake concentration 74.00

Pu-238 concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 51 0.5 180.00 2850.00 940.00

212 On 51 0.5 47.00 600.00 160.00

213 On 51 0.5 130 9000 1390

214 On 48 0.5 59 180 110

215 On 50 0.5 18.00 350.00 68.00

N 251 5 5 5 5

Min. No data 0.5 18.00 180.00 68.00

Max. No data 0.5 180.00 9000.00 1390.00

Median No data 0.5 59.00 600.00 160.00

Mean No data 0.5 86.80 2596.00 533.60

StdDev No data 0.0 66.41 3739.70 598.83

101 Off 50 0.36 11.00 157.00 47.00

102 Off 43 0.36 9.90 146.00 56.00

103 Off 52 0.36 4.60 184.00 58.00

104 Off 51 0.36 4.00 444.00 51.00

105 Off 51 0.36 0.60 55.00 16.00

106 Off 40 0.36 0.50 21.00 7.80

107 Off 45 0.36 <0.36 61.00 8.80

108 Off 52 0.36 2.60 143.00 25.00

109 Off 49 0.36 0.60 594.00 52.00

110 Off 38 0.36 <0.36 19.00 4.60

111 Off 52 0.36 <0.36 26.00 4.00

112 Off 50 0.36 0.70 60.00 16.00

113 Off 46 0.36 <0.36 11.00 4.20

114 Off 51 0.36 <0.36 12.00 2.50

115 Off 49 0.36 <0.36 12.00 3.10

116 Off 48 0.36 <0.36 18.00 3.90

117 Off 50 0.36 <0.36 10.00 1.90

118 Off 30 0.36 2.80 26.00 9.10

119 Off 41 0.36 <0.36 20.00 3.90

120 Off 42 0.36 <0.36 12.00 3.00

121 Off 42 0.36 <0.36 10.00 2.60

N 972 21 10 21 21

Min. No data 0.36 0.5 10.00 1.90

Max. No data 0.36 11 594.00 58.00

Median No data 0.36 2.70 26.00 7.80

Mean No data 0.36 3.73 97.19 18.11

StdDev No data 0.00 3.85 152.62 20.74

EL No data No data No data No data 3.9

Effluent intake concentration 156.10

Po-210 concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 51 20 590 6,500 1,500

212 On 51 20 480 2,000 1,100

213 On 52 20 500 5,500 1,100

214 On 49 20 260 3,300 1,000

215 On 51 20 500 1,900 1,000

N 254 5 5 5 5

Min. No data 20.0 260 1,900 1,000

Max. No data 20.0 260 1,900 1,500

Median No data 20.0 500 3,300 1,100

Mean No data 20.0 466 3,840 1,140

StdDev No data 0.0 123 2,078 207

101 Off 50 20 370 2,400 1,100

102 Off No data No data No data No data No data

103 Off No data No data No data No data No data

104 Off No data No data No data No data No data

105 Off No data No data No data No data No data

106 Off No data No data No data No data No data

107 Off No data No data No data No data No data

108 Off 52 20 450 2,200 1,300

109 Off No data No data No data No data No data

110 Off No data No data No data No data No data

111 Off No data No data No data No data No data

112 Off No data No data No data No data No data

113 Off No data No data No data No data No data

114 Off No data No data No data No data No data

115 Off No data No data No data No data No data

116 Off No data No data No data No data No data

117 Off No data No data No data No data No data

118 Off No data No data No data No data No data

119 Off No data No data No data No data No data

120 Off No data No data No data No data No data

121 Off No data No data No data No data No data

N 102 2 2 2 2

Min. No data 20 370 2,200 1,100

Max. No data 20 450 2,400 1,300

Median No data 20 410 2,300 1,200

Mean No data 20 410 2,300 1,200

StdDev No data 0 57 141 141

EL No data No data No data No data No data

Effluent intake concentration 1,100.00

a. Source: Carfagno and Westendorf (1973b, 1974).

b. BEL = below environmental level; EL = environmental (activity concentration) level; LDL = lower detection limit at 95% confidence level.

c. BEL values from sample location 119.
ATTACHMENT D 

ENVIRONMENTAL AIR SAMPLING DATA FOR 1959 TO 1972 (continued)

Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 02 Effective Date: 07/02/2019 Page 77 of 111

Table D-2. Mound air monitoring data for 1974.

a,b

HTO concentration (10-12 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 53 3 <3.0 550.00 86.00

212 On 50 3 <3.0 1220.00 110.00

213 On 53 3 20.00 3330 320.00

214 On 53 3 <3.0 1440 170

215 On 53 3 <3.0 1750.00 160.00

N 262 5 1 5 5

Min. No data 3 20.00 550.00 86.00

Max. No data 3 20.00 3330.00 320.00

Median No data 3 No data 1440.00 160.00

Mean No data 3 No data 1658.00 169.20

StdDev No data 0 No data 1033.33 91.18

101 Off 53 2 <2.0 900.00 110.00

102 Off 53 2 <2.0 1700.00 140.00

103 Off 53 2 <2.0 2490.00 148.00

104 Off 53 2 <2.0 520.00 49.00

105 Off 53 2 <2.0 510.00 54.00

106 Off 53 2 <2.0 230.00 29.00

107 Off 52 2 <2.0 260.00 21.00

108 Off 52 2 <2.0 140.00 16.00

109 Off 53 2 <2.0 130.00 15.00

110 Off 52 2 <2.0 90.00 17.00

111 Off 52 2 <2.0 60.00 11.00

112 Off 53 2 <2.0 530.00 40.00

113 Off 53 2 <2.0 50.00 9.00

114 Off 53 2 <2.0 60.00 8.00

115 Off 53 2 <2.0 160.00 12.00

116 Off 53 2 <2.0 100.00 10.00

117 Off 53 2 <2.0 40.00 7.00

118 Off 53 2 <2.0 1800.00 87.00

119 Off 52 2 <2.0 40.00 7.00

120 Off 53 2 <2.0 30.00 6.00

121 Off 53 2 <2.0 30.00 8.00

N 1108 21 0 21 21

Min. No data 2 BEL 30.00 6.00

Max. No data 2 BEL 2490.00 148.00

Median No data 2 No data 140.00 16.00

Mean No data 2 No data 470.00 38.29

StdDev No data 0 No data 690.22 44.76

ELd No data No data No data No data 7

Effluent intake concentration 153.00

Pu-238 concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 52 0.4 51.00 3920.00 810.00

212 On 50 0.4 60.00 530.00 190.00

213 On 53 0.4 200 1900 570

214 On 53 0.4 67 460 170

215 On 52 0.4 23.00 190.00 82.00

N 260 5 5 5 5

Min. No data 0.4 23.00 190.00 82.00

Max. No data 0.4 200.00 3920.00 810.00

Median No data 0.4 60.00 530.00 190.00

Mean No data 0.4 80.20 1400.00 364.40

StdDev No data 0.0 69.03 1557.64 311.76

101 Off 52 0.36 23.00 316.00 100.00

102 Off 53 0.36 9.60 293.00 60.00

103 Off 53 0.36 18.00 335.00 64.00

104 Off 53 0.36 3.80 34.00 13.00

105 Off 35 0.36 3.30 36.00 12.00

106 Off 22 0.36 2.10 21.00 6.30

107 Off 30 0.36 0.60 37.00 6.00

108 Off 47 0.36 0.60 84.00 32.00

109 Off 53 0.36 1.20 16.00 5.60

110 Off 18c 0.36 1.90 43.00 13.00

111 Off 53 0.36 0.90 32.00 7.80

112 Off 53 0.36 2.80 79.00 20.00

113 Off 53 0.36 0.80 23.00 5.60

114 Off 53 0.36 1.70 15.00 6.30

115 Off 50 0.36 0.30 71.00 10.00

116 Off 47 0.36 0.70 35.00 5.60

117 Off 48 0.36 0.70 32.00 7.30

118 Off 53 0.36 4.00 32.00 14.00

119 Off 48 0.36 1.10 5.40 1.90

120 Off 53 0.36 1.60 19.00 4.30

121 Off 53 0.36 0.50 28.00 5.50

N 980 21 21 21 21

Min. No data 0.36 0.3 5.40 1.90

Max. No data 0.36 23 335.00 100.00

Median No data 0.36 1.60 34.00 7.80

Mean No data 0.36 3.77 75.54 19.06

StdDev No data 0.00 5.98 102.23 25.15

EL No data No data No data No data 1.9

Effluent intake concentration 188.10

Po-210 concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 52 20 310.00 2800.00 1100.00

212 On 50 20 420.00 2200.00 1200.00

213 On 53 20 600.00 2500.00 1100.00

214 On 53 20 630.00 2500.00 1100.00

215 On 52 20 460.00 2400.00 1100.00

N 260 5 5 5 5

Min. No data 20.0 310.0 2200.0 1100.0

Max. No data 20.0 310.0 2200.0 1200.0

Median No data 20.0 460.00 2500.00 1100.00

Mean No data 20.0 484.00 2480.00 1120.00

StdDev No data 0.0 132.02 216.79 44.72

101 Off 52 20 590.00 3000.00 1200.00

102 Off No data No data No data No data No data

103 Off No data No data No data No data No data

104 Off No data No data No data No data No data

105 Off No data No data No data No data No data

106 Off No data No data No data No data No data

107 Off No data No data No data No data No data

108 Off 47 20 430.00 2400.00 1300.00

109 Off No data No data No data No data No data

110 Off No data No data No data No data No data

111 Off No data No data No data No data No data

112 Off No data No data No data No data No data

113 Off No data No data No data No data No data

114 Off No data No data No data No data No data

115 Off No data No data No data No data No data

116 Off No data No data No data No data No data

117 Off No data No data No data No data No data

118 Off No data No data No data No data No data

119 Off No data No data No data No data No data

120 Off No data No data No data No data No data

121 Off No data No data No data No data No data

N 99 2 2 2 2

Min. No data 20 430 2400 1200

Max. No data 20 590 3000 1300

Median No data 20 510 2700.00 1250.00

Mean No data 20 510 2700.00 1250.00

StdDev No data 0 113.14 424.26 70.71

EL 52 20 310.00 2800.00 1100.00

Effluent intake concentration 1,100.00

a. Source: Carfagno and Robinson (1975).

b. BEL = below environmental level; EL = environmental (activity concentration) level; LDL = lower detection limit at 95% confidence level; No data = not applicable. 

c. Pu-239 samples from location 110 were collected only during the fall season; concentrations are typically lower; Min. values less than LDL included as reported; however, these values should be interpreted as 

“BEL”; tritium “Mean” concentrations “Onsite” and “Offsite” included LDL values for averaging purposes.

d. EL values from sample location 119.
ATTACHMENT D 

ENVIRONMENTAL AIR SAMPLING DATA FOR 1959 TO 1972 (continued)

Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 02 Effective Date: 07/02/2019 Page 78 of 111

Table D-3. Mound air monitoring data for 1975.

a,b

HTO concentration (10-12 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min.c Max. Mean

211 On 52 12.2 <12.2 100.00 31.00

212 On 50 12.2 <12.2 90.00 33.00

213 On 52 12.2 <12.2 117 31.00

214 On 52 12.2 <12.2 290 34

215 On 51 12.2 <12.2 83.00 20.00

N 257 5 0 5 5

Min. No data 12.2 BEL 83.00 20.00

Max. No data 12.2 BEL 290.00 34.00

Median No data 12.2 No data 100.00 31.00

Mean No data 12.2 No data 136.00 29.80

StdDev No data 0 No data 87.03 5.63

101 Off 52 7.2 <7.2 42.00 13.00

102 Off 52 7.2 <7.2 49.00 16.00

103 Off 52 7.2 <7.2 52.00 14.00

104 Off 52 7.2 <7.2 27.00 9.00

105 Off 52 7.2 <7.2 68.00 11.00

106 Off 27 7.2 <7.2 11.00 7.30

107 Off 27 7.2 <7.2 14.00 7.90

108 Off 52 7.2 <7.2 21.00 7.80

109 Off 27 7.2 <7.2 18.00 8.00

110 Off 52 7.2 <7.2 16.00 7.40

111 Off 52 7.2 <7.2 13.00 7.40

112 Off 52 7.2 <7.2 46.00 10.00

113 Off 27 7.2 <7.2 13.00 7.60

114 Off 23 7.2 <7.2 14.00 7.70

115 Off 52 7.2 <7.2 17.00 7.50

116 Off 27 7.2 <7.2 12.00 7.40

117 Off 23 7.2 <7.2 13.00 7.70

118 Off 52 7.2 <7.2 18.00 8.90

119 Off 51 7.2 <7.2 13.00 7.40

120 Off 27 7.2 <7.2 8.70 7.20

121 Off 27 7.2 <7.2 10.00 7.30

122 Off No data No data No data No data No data

N 858 21 0 21 21

Min. No data 7.2 BEL 8.70 7.20

Max. No data 7.2 BEL 68.00 16.00

Median No data 7.2 No data 16.00 7.70

Mean No data 7.2 No data 23.60 8.93

StdDev No data 0 No data 17.00 2.50

ELd No data No data No data No data 2

Effluent intake concentration 29.00

Pu-238 concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 52 0.9 68.00 729.00 212.00

212 On 49 0.9 23.00 142.00 52.00

213 On 52 0.9 87 10959 1033

214 On 44 0.9 13 173 67

215 On 51 0.9 17.00 91.00 38.00

N 248 5 5 5 5

Min. No data 0.9 13.00 91.00 38.00

Max. No data 0.9 87.00 10959.00 1033.00

Median No data 0.9 23.00 173.00 67.00

Mean No data 0.9 41.60 2418.80 280.40

StdDev No data 0.0 33.64 4781.12 426.48

101 Off 52 0.79 3.70 56.00 23.00

102 Off 52 0.79 5.80 30.00 14.00

103 Off 52 0.79 4.50 31.00 13.00

104 Off 52 0.79 2.30 94.00 14.00

105 Off 41 0.79 0.80 54.00 9.40

106 Off 13 0.79 2.70 3.50 3.20

107 Off 25 0.79 1.60 16.00 6.20

108 Off 52 0.79 1.10 16.00 7.50

109 Off 25 0.79 0.80 8.60 3.30

110 Off 52 0.79 <.79 4.70 2.30

111 Off 52 0.79 <.79 5.30 3.30

112 Off 52 0.79 1.20 4.90 3.50

113 Off 25 0.79 1.40 1.80 1.60

114 Off 22 0.79 1.50 2.10 1.80

115 Off 52 0.79 <.79 3.80 1.70

116 Off 25 0.79 1.00 1.30 1.20

117 Off 21 0.79 1.50 7.40 4.80

118 Off 52 0.79 1.40 7.60 4.40

119 Off 50 0.79 <.79 2.00 1.40

120 Off 25 0.79 1.70 1.80 1.80

121 Off 25 0.79 1.40 1.80 1.60

122 Off 44 0.79 6.40 74.00 17.00

N 861 22 18 22 22

Min. No data 0.79 0.8 1.30 1.20

Max. No data 0.79 6.4 94.00 23.00

Median No data 0.79 1.50 6.35 3.40

Mean No data 0.79 2.27 19.44 6.36

StdDev No data 0.00 1.70 26.49 6.10

EL No data No data No data No data 3

Effluent intake concentration 64.00

Pu-239 concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 52 0.52 No data No data 22.00

212 On 49 0.52 No data No data 21.00

213 On 52 0.52 No data No data 41

214 On 44 0.52 No data No data 25

215 On 51 0.52 No data No data 22.00

N 248 5 0 0 5

Min. No data 0.5 BEL BEL 21.00

Max. No data 0.5 BEL BEL 41.00

Median No data 0.5 No data No data 22.00

Mean No data 0.5 No data No data 26.20

StdDev No data 0.0 No data No data 8.41

101 Off 52 0.46 No data No data 29.00

102 Off 52 0.46 No data No data 29.00

103 Off 52 0.46 No data No data 23.00

104 Off 52 0.46 No data No data 22.00

105 Off 41 0.46 No data No data 19.00

106 Off 13 0.46 No data No data 38.00

107 Off 25 0.46 No data No data 36.00

108 Off 52 0.46 No data No data 19.00

109 Off 25 0.46 No data No data 37.00

110 Off 52 0.46 No data No data 19.00

111 Off 52 0.46 No data No data 22.00

112 Off 52 0.46 No data No data 31.00

113 Off 25 0.46 No data No data 40.00

114 Off 22 0.46 No data No data 40.00

115 Off 52 0.46 No data No data 26.00

116 Off 25 0.46 No data No data 35.00

117 Off 21 0.46 No data No data 34.00

118 Off 52 0.46 No data No data 18.00

119 Off 50 0.46 No data No data 19.00

120 Off 25 0.46 No data No data 35.00

121 Off 25 0.46 No data No data 37.00

122 Off 44 0.46 No data No data 16.00

N 861 22 0 0 22

Min. No data 0.46 BEL BEL 16.00

Max. No data 0.46 BEL BEL 40.00

Median No data 0.46 No data No data 29.00

Mean No data 0.46 No data No data 28.36

StdDev No data 0 No data No data 8.24

EL No data No data No data No data 19

Effluent intake concentration 3.00

a. Source: Farmer, Robinson, and Carfagno (1976).

b. BEL = below environmental level; EL = environmental (activity concentration) level; LDL = lower detection limit at 95% confidence level; No data = not applicable. 

c. Min. values less than LDL included as reported; however, these values should be interpreted as “BEL”; tritium “Mean” concentrations “Onsite” and “Offsite” included LDL values for averaging purposes; Pu-238 

“Mean” concentrations “Offsite” included LDL values for averaging purposes.

d. EL values from sample location 119.
ATTACHMENT D 

ENVIRONMENTAL AIR SAMPLING DATA FOR 1959 TO 1972 (continued)

Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 02 Effective Date: 07/02/2019 Page 79 of 111

Table D-4. Mound air monitoring data for 1976.

a,b

HTO concentration (10-12 μCi/mL)c

Location Samples LDL Min.f Max. Mean

211 On 49 7.4 <7.4 86.00 18.00

212 On 48 7.4 <7.4 52.00 20.00

213 On 51 7.4 <7.4 200 28.00

214 On 50 7.4 <7.4 102 22

215 On 50 7.4 <7.4 339.00 24.00

N 248 5 0 5 5

Min. No data 7.4 BEL 52.00 18.00

Max. No data 7.4 BEL 339.00 28.00

Median No data 7.4 No data 102.00 22.00

Mean No data 7.4 No data 155.80 22.40

StdDev No data 0 No data 116.25 3.85

101 Off 51 4.5 <4.5 136.00 13.00

102 Off 51 4.5 <4.5 192.00 15.00

103 Off 51 4.5 <4.5 75.00 11.00

104 Off 49 4.5 <4.5 38.00 9.40

105 Off 51 4.5 <4.5 53.00 8.90

108 Off 50 4.5 <4.5 41.00 8.90

110 Off 51 4.5 <4.5 54.00 9.00

111 Off 51 4.5 <4.5 18.00 8.10

112 Off 51 4.5 <4.5 31.00 9.20

115 Off 51 4.5 <4.5 35.00 8.50

118 Off 50 4.5 <4.5 19.00 9.00

119 Off 51 4.5 <4.5 35.00 8.80

122 Off No data No data No data No data No data

123 Off 25 4.5 <4.5 31.00 11.00

N 633 13 0 13 13

Min. No data 4.5 BEL 18.00 8.10

Max. No data 4.5 BEL 192.00 15.00

Median No data 4.5 No data 38.00 9.00

Mean No data 4.5 No data 58.31 9.98

StdDev No data 0 No data 50.58 2.01

ELg No data 0 No data No data 2

Effluent intake concentration 20.00

Pu-238 concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)d

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 52 0.8 2.60 373.00 87.00

212 On 52 0.8 14.00 110.00 35.00

213 On 52 0.8 72 776 267

214 On 47 0.8 17 379 91

215 On 50 0.8 7.50 68.00 33.00

N 253 5 5 5 5

Min. No data 0.8 2.60 68.00 33.00

Max. No data 0.8 72.00 776.00 267.00

Median No data 0.8 14.00 373.00 87.00

Mean No data 0.8 22.62 341.20 102.60

StdDev No data 0.0 28.17 282.66 95.94

101 Off 52 0.77 2.60 144.00 39.00

102 Off 52 0.77 7.60 74.00 26.00

103 Off 52 0.77 5.90 75.00 29.00

104 Off 52 0.77 <0.77 19.00 7.90

105 Off 52 0.77 <0.77 4.70 2.10

108 Off 44 0.77 0.80 7.10 3.90

110 Off 52 0.77 <0.77 4.20 1.70

111 Off 52 0.77 1.60 10.00 4.10

112 Off 51 0.77 1.20 4.30 2.60

115 Off 52 0.77 0.40 14.00 2.10

118 Off 51 0.77 3.50 17.00 6.50

119 Off 52 0.27 <0.27 0.60 0.50

122 Off 51 0.77 5.50 107.00 38.00

123 Off 25 0.77 31.00 294.00 160.00

N 690 14 10 14 14

Min. No data 0.27 0.4 0.60 0.50

Max. No data 0.77 31 294.00 160.00

Median No data 0.77 3.05 15.50 5.30

Mean No data 0.73 6.01 55.35 23.10

StdDev No data 0.13 9.11 82.22 41.85

EL No data No data No data No data 3

Effluent intake concentration 84.00

Pu-239 concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)e

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 52 0.45 No data No data 5.90

212 On 52 0.45 No data No data 5.40

213 On 52 0.45 No data No data 13

214 On 47 0.45 No data No data 8.1

215 On 50 0.45 No data No data 6.00

N 253 5 0 0 5

Min. No data 0.5 BEL BEL 5.40

Max. No data 0.5 BEL BEL 13.00

Median No data 0.5 No data No data 6.00

Mean No data 0.5 No data No data 7.68

StdDev No data 0.0 No data No data 3.15

101 Off 52 0.43 No data No data 6.70

102 Off 52 0.43 No data No data 5.20

103 Off 52 0.43 No data No data 8.50

104 Off 52 0.43 No data No data 5.20

105 Off 52 0.43 No data No data 4.80

108 Off 44 0.43 No data No data 4.40

110 Off 52 0.43 No data No data 4.60

111 Off 52 0.43 No data No data 5.90

112 Off 51 0.43 No data No data 5.10

115 Off 52 0.43 No data No data 5.50

118 Off 51 0.43 No data No data 5.60

119 Off 52 0.43 No data No data 3.80

122 Off 51 0.43 No data No data 6.00

123 Off 25 0.43 No data No data 5.10

N 690 14 0 0 14

Min. No data 0.43 BEL BEL 3.80

Max. No data 0.43 BEL BEL 8.50

Median No data 0.43 No data No data 5.20

Mean No data 0.43 No data No data 5.46

StdDev No data 0 No data No data 1.13

EL No data No data No data No data 3.8

Effluent intake concentration 2.20

a. Source: Farmer, Robinson, and Carfagno (1977).

b. BEL = below environmental level; EL = environmental (activity concentration) level; LDL = lower detection limit at 95% confidence level; No data = not applicable. 

c. Tritium oxide “Onsite” LDL in air during the first half of the year was 16.5E–12 μCi/mL and 7.4E–12 μCi/mL for the second half. Tritium oxide “Offsite” LDL in air during the first half of the year was 9.9E–12 μCi/mL 

and 4.5E–12 μCi/mL for the second half.

d. Pu-238 “Onsite” LDL in air during the first half of the year was 0.81E–18 μCi/mL and 0.27E–18 μCi/mL for the second half. Pu-238 “Offsite” LDL in air during the first half of the year was 0.77E–18 μCi/mL and 

0.27E–18 μCi/mL for the second half.

e. Pu-239 “Onsite” LDL in air during the first half of the year was 0.45E–18 μCi/mL and 0.15E–18 μCi/mL for the second half. Pu-239 “Offsite” LDL in air during the first half of the year was 0.43E–18 μCi/mL and 

0.15E–18 μCi/mL for the second half.

f. Min. values less than LDL included as reported; however, these values should be interpreted as “BEL”; tritium “Mean” concentrations “Onsite” and “Offsite” included LDL values for averaging purposes; Pu-238 

“Mean” concentrations “Offsite” included LDL values for averaging purposes.

g. EL values from sample location 119.
ATTACHMENT D 

ENVIRONMENTAL AIR SAMPLING DATA FOR 1959 TO 1972 (continued)

Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 02 Effective Date: 07/02/2019 Page 80 of 111

Table D-5. Mound air monitoring data for 1977.

a,b

HTO concentration (10-12 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min.c Max. Mean

211 On 51 7.3 <7.3 278.00 18.00

212 On 40 7.3 <7.3 143.00 30.00

213 On 35 7.3 <7.3 67 20.00

214 On 52 7.3 <7.3 68 16

215 On 52 7.3 <7.3 64.00 16.00

N 230 5 0 5 5

Min. No data 7.3 BEL 64.00 16.00

Max. No data 7.3 BEL 278.00 30.00

Median No data 7.3 No data 68.00 18.00

Mean No data 7.3 No data 124.00 20.00

StdDev No data 0 No data 92.28 5.83

101 Off 52 2.9 <2.9 21.60 6.40

102 Off 52 2.9 <2.9 97.30 12.30

103 Off 52 2.9 <2.9 27.70 7.20

104 Off 52 2.9 <2.9 12.70 4.40

105 Off 52 2.9 <2.9 14.50 4.00

108 Off 52 2.9 <2.9 9.40 3.70

110 Off 52 2.9 <2.9 12.20 4.00

111 Off 52 2.9 <2.9 75.30 6.20

112 Off 52 2.9 <2.9 21.00 5.90

115 Off 52 2.9 <2.9 26.60 5.60

118 Off 52 2.9 <2.9 23.70 5.70

119 Off 51 2.9 <2.9 23.30 4.40

122 Off No data No data No data No data No data

123 Off 52 2.9 <2.9 43.60 8.80

124 Off 52 2.9 <2.9 59.80 9.40

N 727 14 0 14 14

Min. No data 2.9 BEL 9.40 3.70

Max. No data 2.9 BEL 97.30 12.30

Median No data 2.9 No data 23.50 5.80

Mean No data 2.9 No data 33.48 6.29

StdDev No data 0 No data 26.34 2.45

ELd No data No data No data No data 2

Effluent intake concentration 16.00

Pu-238 concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 43 2.6 24.00 101.00 51.00

212 On 43 2.6 9.80 117.00 25.00

213 On 43 2.6 42 148 81

214 On 43 2.6 9.8 85 31

215 On 43 2.6 3.70 29.00 13.00

N 215 5 5 5 5

Min. No data 2.6 3.70 29.00 13.00

Max. No data 2.6 42.00 148.00 81.00

Median No data 2.6 9.80 101.00 31.00

Mean No data 2.6 17.86 96.00 40.20

StdDev No data 0.0 15.42 44.10 26.63

101 Off 51 0.76 1.50 32.00 10.00

102 Off 52 0.76 5.20 13.00 8.10

103 Off 51 0.76 4.20 8.80 6.20

104 Off 52 0.76 2.20 5.00 3.70

105 Off 52 0.76 <.76 2.30 1.50

108 Off 48 0.76 <.76 2.90 1.50

110 Off 51 0.76 <.76 1.50 0.90

111 Off 52 0.76 <.76 3.20 2.10

112 Off 48 0.76 <.76 2.10 1.60

115 Off 51 0.76 <.76 2.10 1.30

118 Off 51 0.76 2.50 12.00 7.50

119 Off 51 0.76 <.76 1.10 1.00

122 Off 47 2.58 6.10 63.00 21.00

123 Off 52 2.58 5.40 96.00 29.00

124 Off 52 2.58 3.50 42.00 17.00

N 761 15 8 15 15

Min. No data 0.76 1.5 1.10 0.90

Max. No data 2.58 6.1 96.00 29.00

Median No data 0.76 3.85 5.00 3.70

Mean No data 1.12 3.83 19.13 7.49

StdDev No data 0.75 1.67 27.95 8.53

EL No data No data No data No data 3

Effluent intake concentration 28.00

Pu-239 concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 43 1.21 No data No data 20.00

212 On 43 1.21 No data No data 19.00

213 On 43 1.21 No data No data 31

214 On 43 1.21 No data No data 19

215 On 43 1.21 No data No data 17.00

N 215 5 0 0 5

Min. No data 1.2 BEL BEL 17.00

Max. No data 1.2 BEL BEL 31.00

Median No data 1.2 No data No data 19.00

Mean No data 1.2 No data No data 21.20

StdDev No data 0.0 No data No data 5.59

101 Off 51 0.33 No data No data 24.00

102 Off 52 0.33 No data No data 22.00

103 Off 51 0.33 No data No data 21.00

104 Off 52 0.33 No data No data 22.00

105 Off 52 0.33 No data No data 20.00

108 Off 48 0.33 No data No data 27.00

110 Off 51 0.33 No data No data 23.00

111 Off 52 0.33 No data No data 25.00

112 Off 48 0.33 No data No data 21.00

115 Off 51 0.33 No data No data 25.00

118 Off 51 0.33 No data No data 25.00

119 Off 51 0.33 No data No data 21.00

122 Off 47 1.21 No data No data 16.00

123 Off 52 1.21 No data No data 21.00

124 Off 52 1.21 No data No data 24.00

N 761 15 0 0 15

Min. No data 0.33 BEL BEL 16.00

Max. No data 1.21 BEL BEL 27.00

Median No data 0.33 No data No data 22.00

Mean No data 0.506 No data No data 22.47

StdDev No data 0.364 No data No data 2.70

EL No data No data No data No data 21

Effluent intake concentration 0.00

a. Source: Farmer, Robinson, and Carfagno (1978).

b. BEL = below environmental level; EL = environmental (activity concentration) level; LDL = lower detection limit at 95% confidence level; No data = not applicable. 

c. Min. values less than LDL included as reported; however, these values should be interpreted as “BEL”; tritium “Mean” concentrations “Onsite” and “Offsite” included LDL values for averaging purposes; Pu-238 

“Mean” concentrations “Offsite” included LDL values for averaging purposes; Pu-239 “Mean” concentration “215 On” included LDL values for averaging purposes.

d. EL values from sample location 119.
ATTACHMENT D 

ENVIRONMENTAL AIR SAMPLING DATA FOR 1959 TO 1972 (continued)

Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 02 Effective Date: 07/02/2019 Page 81 of 111

Table D-6. Mound air monitoring data for 1978.

a,b

HTO incremental concentration (10-12 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 52 1.2 ELb 36.10 3.40

212 On 52 1.2 EL 30.30 6.20

213 On 52 1.2 EL 41.2 9.00

214 On 50 1.2 EL 38 8.7

215 On 52 1.2 EL 38.70 4.50

N 258 5 0 5 5

Min. No data 1.2 BEL 30.30 3.40

Max. No data 1.2 BEL 41.20 9.00

Median No data 1.2 No data 38.00 6.20

Mean No data 1.2 No data 36.86 6.36

StdDev No data 0 No data 4.10 2.48

101 Off 52 1.2 EL 40.30 4.40

102 Off 52 1.2 EL 56.50 8.60

103 Off 52 1.2 EL 87.80 5.20

104 Off 52 1.2 EL 35.70 3.40

105 Off 52 1.2 EL 28.10 2.00

108 Off 52 1.2 EL 44.90 1.70

110 Off 52 1.2 EL 26.80 1.40

111 Off 52 1.2 EL 41.70 3.00

112 Off 52 1.2 EL 41.20 2.90

115 Off 52 1.2 EL 22.00 0.70

118 Off 52 1.2 EL 17.80 1.90

122 Off 27 1.2 EL 28.90 5.60

123 Off 51 1.2 EL 35.60 7.30

124 Off 52 1.2 EL 50.40 6.00

N 702 14 0 14 14

Min. No data 1.2 BEL 17.80 0.70

Max. No data 1.2 BEL 87.80 8.60

Median No data 1.2 No data 38.00 3.20

Mean No data 1.2 No data 39.84 3.86

StdDev No data 0 No data 17.51 2.38

ELc,d No data No data No data No data 4.5

Effluent intake concentration 6.20

Pu-238 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 12 0.8 3.20 33.00 25.00

212 On 12 0.8 6.40 26.00 13.00

213 On 12 0.8 21 240 110

214 On 12 0.8 3.8 96 32

215 On 12 0.8 2.00 37.00 11.00

N 60 5 5 5 5

Min. No data 0.8 2.00 26.00 11.00

Max. No data 0.8 21.00 240.00 110.00

Median No data 0.8 3.80 37.00 25.00

Mean No data 0.8 7.28 86.40 38.20

StdDev No data 0.0 7.84 90.31 41.06

101 Off 4 0.8 EL 4.90 1.50

102 Off 4 0.8 EL 11.00 5.00

103 Off 4 0.8 4.40 97.00 29.00

104 Off 4 0.8 EL 2.50 1.10

105 Off 4 0.8 EL 1.10 EL

108 Off 4 0.8 EL 1.70 EL

110 Off 4 0.8 EL 0.40 EL

111 Off 4 0.8 EL 4.40 1.00

112 Off 4 0.8 EL 1.10 EL

115 Off 4 0.8 No data No data EL

118 Off 4 0.8 EL 29.00 7.90

122 Off 12 0.8 0.80 21.00 7.80

123 Off 12 0.8 1.30 250.00 28.00

124 Off 12 0.8 1.10 40.00 13.00

N 80 14 4 13 9

Min. No data 0.8 0.8 0.40 1.00

Max. No data 0.8 4.4 250.00 29.00

Median No data 0.8 1.20 4.90 7.80

Mean No data 0.80 1.90 35.70 10.48

StdDev No data 0.00 1.68 69.76 10.95

EL No data No data No data No data 1.6

Effluent intake concentration 25.00

Pu-239, -240 concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 12 0.4 6 55.00 26.00

212 On 12 0.4 7.2 51.00 27.00

213 On 12 0.4 6.1 56.00 27

214 On 12 0.4 5 52.00 26

215 On 12 0.4 5 47.00 25.00

N 60 5 5 5 5

Min. No data 0.4 5.00 47.00 25.00

Max. No data 0.4 7.20 56.00 27.00

Median No data 0.4 6.00 52.00 26.00

Mean No data 0.4 5.86 52.20 26.20

StdDev No data 0.0 0.92 3.56 0.84

101 Off 4 0.3 8.9 49.00 28.00

102 Off 4 0.3 8 60.00 32.00

103 Off 4 0.3 7 45.00 27.00

104 Off 4 0.3 7.9 47.00 26.00

105 Off 4 0.3 6.6 53.00 27.00

108 Off 4 0.3 11 77.00 39.00

110 Off 4 0.3 8.1 54.00 29.00

111 Off 4 0.3 8.1 72.00 33.00

112 Off 4 0.3 7.1 55.00 30.00

115 Off 4 0.3 6.4 50.00 27.00

118 Off 4 0.3 8.3 72.00 36.00

122 Off 12 0.4 3.5 44.00 22.00

123 Off 12 0.4 6.8 60.00 30.00

124 Off 12 0.4 5.8 60.00 30.00

N 80 14 14 14 14

Min. No data 0.3 3.5 44.00 22.00

Max. No data 0.4 11 77.00 39.00

Median No data 0.3 7.5 54.50 29.50

Mean No data 0.321 7.3929 57.00 29.71

StdDev No data 0.043 1.7013 10.50 4.30

EL No data No data No data No data 22

Effluent intake concentration 4.00

a. Source: Farmer and Carfagno (1979).

b. BEL = below environmental level; EL = environmental (activity concentration) level; LDL = lower detection limit at 95% confidence level; No data = not applicable. 

c. EL indicates that “Min.” and “Mean” values included as reported; however, these values should be interpreted as “BEL.”

d. EL values from sample location 119.
ATTACHMENT D 

ENVIRONMENTAL AIR SAMPLING DATA FOR 1959 TO 1972 (continued)

Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 02 Effective Date: 07/02/2019 Page 82 of 111

Table D-7. Mound air monitoring data for 1979.

a,b

HTO incremental concentration (10-12 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 52 0.3 EL 24.80 8.30

212 On 51 0.3 0.41 26.20 9.50

213 On 52 0.3 0.12 37.4 13.50

214 On 52 0.3 EL 40.9 8.6

215 On 51 0.3 EL 37.10 7.40

N 258 5 2 5 5

Min. No data 0.3 0.12 24.80 7.40

Max. No data 0.3 0.41 40.90 13.50

Median No data 0.3 0.27 37.10 8.60

Mean No data 0.3 0.27 33.28 9.46

StdDev No data 0 0.21 7.27 2.38

101 Off 52 0.3 EL 28.30 5.30

102 Off 52 0.3 EL 27.40 10.40

103 Off 52 0.3 0.40 47.40 6.50

104 Off 52 0.3 EL 28.20 3.90

105 Off 52 0.3 EL 16.80 2.80

108 Off 52 0.3 EL 18.10 1.00

110 Off 52 0.3 EL 4.20 0.60

111 Off 52 0.3 EL 4.60 0.50

112 Off 52 0.3 EL 12.80 2.20

115 Off 52 0.3 EL 7.50 0.30

118 Off 52 0.3 EL 19.10 2.90

122 Off 52 0.3 EL 29.70 6.20

123 Off 52 0.3 EL 41.80 7.60

124 Off 52 0.3 0.60 60.30 11.00

N 728 14 2 14 14

Min. No data 0.3 0.4 4.20 0.30

Max. No data 0.3 0.6 60.30 11.00

Median No data 0.3 0.5 23.25 3.40

Mean No data 0.3 0.5 24.73 4.37

StdDev No data 0 0.1414 16.48 3.58

ELc,d No data No data No data No data 0.6

Effluent intake concentration 8.60

Pu-238 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 12 1.5 5.40 33.00 21.00

212 On 12 1.5 4.00 37.00 16.00

213 On 12 1.5 19 880 190

214 On 12 1.5 5.1 39 13

215 On 12 1.5 2.30 18.00 6.30

N 60 5 5 5 5

Min. No data 1.5 2.30 18.00 6.30

Max. No data 1.5 19.00 880.00 190.00

Median No data 1.5 5.10 37.00 16.00

Mean No data 1.5 7.16 201.40 49.26

StdDev No data 0.0 6.73 379.44 78.86

101 Off 4 0.5 0.6 7.00 2.90

102 Off 4 0.5 4.60 8.70 6.20

103 Off 4 0.5 1.30 6.10 3.60

104 Off 4 0.5 0.70 5.60 3.50

105 Off 4 0.5 0.10 1.70 0.90

108 Off 4 0.5 0.20 1.10 0.60

110 Off 4 0.5 EL 1.20 0.50

111 Off 4 0.5 0.08 2.20 1.10

112 Off 4 0.5 0.20 0.70 0.40

115 Off 4 0.5 EL 0.40 0.03

118 Off 4 0.5 0.70 9.40 3.50

122 Off 12 1.5 1.40 8.80 3.70

123 Off 12 1.5 3.40 110.00 35.00

124 Off 12 1.5 3.10 29.00 12.00

N 80 14 12 14 14

Min. No data 0.5 0.08 0.40 0.03

Max. No data 1.5 4.6 110.00 35.00

Median No data 0.5 0.70 5.85 3.20

Mean No data 0.71 1.37 13.71 5.28

StdDev No data 0.43 1.51 28.66 9.11

EL No data No data No data No data 0.5

Effluent intake concentration 16.00

Pu-239, -240 concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 12 0.8 2.4 16.00 8.40

212 On 12 0.8 2.8 12.00 8.30

213 On 12 0.8 2.5 21.00 11

214 On 12 0.8 2.8 14.00 8.1

215 On 12 0.8 1.8 15.00 7.90

N 60 5 5 5 5

Min. No data 0.8 1.80 12.00 7.90

Max. No data 0.8 2.80 21.00 11.00

Median No data 0.8 2.50 15.00 8.30

Mean No data 0.8 2.46 15.60 8.74

StdDev No data 0.0 0.41 3.36 1.28

101 Off 4 0.4 3.9 17.00 8.70

102 Off 4 0.4 2.8 16.00 8.70

103 Off 4 0.4 2.9 17.00 8.50

104 Off 4 0.4 3.4 19.00 10.00

105 Off 4 0.4 2.9 19.00 9.10

108 Off 4 0.4 4.2 20.00 11.00

110 Off 4 0.4 2.8 19.00 9.50

111 Off 4 0.4 3.4 20.00 9.50

112 Off 4 0.4 2.7 16.00 8.80

115 Off 4 0.4 3 18.00 9.20

118 Off 4 0.4 2.8 19.00 9.90

122 Off 12 0.8 2.2 12.00 7.40

123 Off 12 0.8 2.1 21.00 9.60

124 Off 12 0.8 2.6 20.00 9.80

N 80 14 14 14 14

Min. No data 0.4 2.1 12.00 7.40

Max. No data 0.8 4.2 21.00 11.00

Median No data 0.4 2.85 19.00 9.35

Mean No data 0.486 2.9786 18.07 9.26

StdDev No data 0.17 0.582 2.34 0.85

EL No data No data No data No data 7.8

Effluent intake concentration 0.50

a. Source: Farmer and Carfagno (1980).

b. BEL = below environmental level; EL = environmental (activity concentration) level; LDL = lower detection limit at 95% confidence level; No data = not applicable. 

c. EL indicates that “Min.” and “Mean” values included as reported; however, these values should be interpreted as “BEL.”

d. EL values from sample location 119.
ATTACHMENT D 

ENVIRONMENTAL AIR SAMPLING DATA FOR 1959 TO 1972 (continued)

Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 02 Effective Date: 07/02/2019 Page 83 of 111

Table D-8. Mound air monitoring data for 1980.

a,b

HTO incremental concentration (10-12 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 51 3 EL 101.00 88.80

212 On 49 3 4.1 5090.00 413.00

213 On 47 3 2.00 1870 215.00

214 On 47 3 2.60 685 85.8

215 On 46 3 EL 280.00 39.00

N 240 5 3 5 5

Min. No data 3 2.00 101.00 39.00

Max. No data 3 4.10 5090.00 413.00

Median No data 3 2.60 685.00 88.80

Mean No data 3 2.90 1605.20 168.32

StdDev No data 0 1.08 2066.37 151.58

101 Off 47 3 EL 469.00 49.60

102 Off 49 3 2.3 1630.00 137.00

103 Off 49 3 EL 588.00 66.60

104 Off 49 3 EL 84.40 14.00

105 Off 49 3 EL 29.10 5.40

108 Off 47 3 EL 132.00 6.00

110 Off 47 3 EL 22.50 1.80

111 Off 49 3 EL 11.50 0.10

112 Off 50 3 EL 43.80 7.10

115 Off 45 3 EL 7.50 EL

118 Off 47 3 EL 62.50 8.60

122 Off 52 3 EL 667.00 42.10

123 Off 47 3 EL 184.00 45.30

124 Off 51 3 EL 570.00 76.00

N 678 14 1 14 13

Min. No data 3 2.3 7.50 0.10

Max. No data 3 2.3 1630.00 137.00

Median No data 3 No data 108.20 14.00

Mean No data 3 No data 321.52 35.35

StdDev No data 0 No data 448.15 40.21

ELc,d No data No data No data No data 2

Effluent intake concentration 88.80

Pu-238 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 12 1.6 6.40 160.00 38.00

212 On 12 1.6 3.10 26.00 8.80

213 On 12 1.6 15 21 58

214 On 12 1.6 2.1 12 6.6

215 On 12 1.6 0.50 25.00 5.50

N 60 5 5 5 5

Min. No data 1.6 0.50 12.00 5.50

Max. No data 1.6 15.00 160.00 58.00

Median No data 1.6 3.10 25.00 8.80

Mean No data 1.6 5.42 48.80 23.38

StdDev No data 0.0 5.77 62.41 23.59

101 Off 4 0.2 0.7 3.00 2.00

102 Off 4 0.2 2.40 15.00 6.70

103 Off 4 0.2 3.10 11.00 5.40

104 Off 4 0.2 1.00 5.20 2.30

105 Off 4 0.2 EL 1.80 0.60

108 Off 4 0.2 EL 0.60 0.20

110 Off 4 0.2 EL 1.90 0.50

111 Off 4 0.2 0.60 1.40 1.00

112 Off 4 0.2 EL 1.00 0.40

115 Off 4 0.2 EL 1.80 0.40

118 Off 4 0.2 0.50 1.30 0.90

122 Off 12 1.6 EL 7.00 2.60

123 Off 12 1.6 0.60 78.00 14.00

124 Off 12 1.6 EL 20.00 6.40

N 80 14 7 14 14

Min. No data 0.2 0.5 0.60 0.20

Max. No data 1.6 3.1 78.00 14.00

Median No data 0.2 0.70 2.45 1.50

Mean No data 0.50 1.27 10.64 3.10

StdDev No data 0.60 1.04 20.28 3.88

EL No data No data No data No data 0.2

Effluent intake concentration 8.80

Pu-239, -240 concentration (10-18μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 12 0.3 1.2 12.00 4.30

212 On 12 0.3 1.3 9.30 4.00

213 On 12 0.3 1.8 12.00 4.9

214 On 12 0.3 1.3 7.70 3.1

215 On 12 0.3 1.2 9.10 3.70

N 60 5 5 5 5

Min. No data 0.3 1.20 7.70 3.10

Max. No data 0.3 1.80 12.00 4.90

Median No data 0.3 1.30 9.30 4.00

Mean No data 0.3 1.36 10.02 4.00

StdDev No data 0.0 0.25 1.91 0.67

101 Off 4 0.1 1.9 11.00 5.50

102 Off 4 0.1 3.2 8.40 4.80

103 Off 4 0.1 2.2 8.60 4.90

104 Off 4 0.1 2.8 8.10 4.70

105 Off 4 0.1 2.5 8.30 4.90

108 Off 4 0.1 2.5 9.50 5.10

110 Off 4 0.1 2.5 8.30 5.10

111 Off 4 0.1 2.1 10.00 5.10

112 Off 4 0.1 2.6 7.40 4.20

115 Off 4 0.1 2 7.90 4.20

118 Off 4 0.1 2 9.80 4.80

122 Off 12 0.3 0.9 8.20 0.33

123 Off 12 0.3 1.9 10.00 4.40

124 Off 12 0.3 1.8 13.00 4.50

N 80 14 14 14 14

Min. No data 0.1 0.9 7.40 0.33

Max. No data 0.3 3.2 13.00 5.50

Median No data 0.1 2.15 8.50 4.80

Mean No data 0.143 2.2071 9.18 4.47

StdDev No data 0.085 0.5484 1.50 1.25

EL No data No data No data No data 3.4

Effluent intake concentration 0.60

a. Source: Farmer and Carfagno (1981).

b. BEL = below environmental level; EL = environmental (activity concentration) level; LDL = lower detection limit at 95% confidence level; No data = not applicable. 

c. EL indicates that “Min.” and “Mean” values included as reported; however, these values should be interpreted as “BEL.”

d. EL values from sample location 119.
ATTACHMENT D 

ENVIRONMENTAL AIR SAMPLING DATA FOR 1959 TO 1972 (continued)

Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 02 Effective Date: 07/02/2019 Page 84 of 111

Table D-9. Mound air monitoring data for 1981.

a,b

HTO incremental concentration (10-12 μCi/mL

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 51 7 ELb 434.00 71.80

212 On 52 7 EL 455.00 67.60

213 On 49 7 EL 726 78.50

214 On 48 7 EL 247 44.5

215 On 50 7 EL 329.00 30.40

N 250 5 0 5 5

Min. No data 7 BEL 247.00 30.40

Max. No data 7 BEL 726.00 78.50

Median No data 7 No data 434.00 67.60

Mean No data 7 No data 438.20 58.56

StdDev No data 0 No data 181.39 20.28

101 Off 50 7 EL 369.00 70.20

102 Off 51 7 0.2 357.00 61.00

103 Off 51 7 EL 666.00 61.70

104 Off 51 7 EL 233.00 29.20

105 Off 51 7 EL 129.00 22.50

108 Off 49 7 EL 86.40 11.00

110 Off 52 7 EL 91.40 11.90

111 Off 49 7 EL 79.70 7.20

112 Off 51 7 EL 91.70 12.90

115 Off 50 7 EL 30.70 1.60

118 Off 49 7 EL 846.00 31.20

122 Off 52 7 EL 514.00 31.90

123 Off 51 7 EL 776.00 52.60

124 Off 50 7 EL 899.00 59.40

N 707 14 1 14 14

Min. No data 7 0.2 30.70 1.60

Max. No data 7 0.2 899.00 70.20

Median No data 7 No data 295.00 30.20

Mean No data 7 No data 369.21 33.16

StdDev No data 0 No data 315.19 23.51

ELc,d No data No data No data No data 6.5

Effluent intake concentration 67.6

Pu-238 incremental concentration (10-18μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 12 1.7 16.60 2040.00 364.00

212 On 12 1.7 0.70 34.70 10.30

213 On 12 1.7 11.6 268 66.1

214 On 12 1.7 3.2 88.1 20.7

215 On 12 1.7 1.60 14.40 6.00

N 60 5 5 5 5

Min. No data 1.7 0.70 14.40 6.00

Max. No data 1.7 16.60 2040.00 364.00

Median No data 1.7 3.20 88.10 20.70

Mean No data 1.7 6.74 489.04 93.42

StdDev No data 0.0 7.00 872.75 153.13

101 Off 4 0.3 0.2 2.60 1.10

102 Off 4 0.3 2.20 5.70 4.00

103 Off 4 0.3 2.90 14.30 7.00

104 Off 4 0.3 1.90 3.50 2.50

105 Off 4 0.3 0.70 1.20 0.90

108 Off 4 0.3 EL 0.90 0.40

110 Off 4 0.3 EL 2.20 0.90

111 Off 4 0.3 0.20 0.60 0.30

112 Off 4 0.3 0.30 1.10 0.60

115 Off 3 0.3 0.30 0.90 0.60

118 Off 4 0.3 0.90 3.40 2.20

122 Off 12 1.7 EL 3.70 1.60

123 Off 12 1.7 1.20 109.00 16.50

124 Off 12 1.7 EL 94.20 15.80

N 79 14 10 14 14

Min. No data 0.3 0.2 0.60 0.30

Max. No data 1.7 2.9 109.00 16.50

Median No data 0.3 0.80 3.00 1.35

Mean No data 0.60 1.08 17.38 3.89

StdDev No data 0.60 0.95 35.97 5.50

EL No data No data No data No data 0.1

Effluent intake concentration 20.70

Pu-239, -240 concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 12 0.3 2.1 47.90 16.60

212 On 12 0.3 1.2 39.20 12.60

213 On 12 0.3 1.2 36.20 13.6

214 On 12 0.3 2.3 36.50 13.8

215 On 12 0.3 1.2 37.10 14.80

N 60 5 5 5 5

Min. No data 0.3 1.20 36.20 12.60

Max. No data 0.3 2.30 47.90 16.60

Median No data 0.3 1.20 37.10 13.80

Mean No data 0.3 1.60 39.38 14.28

StdDev No data 0.0 0.55 4.90 1.51

101 Off 4 0.1 4.2 46.20 18.60

102 Off 4 0.1 2.4 43.60 18.30

103 Off 4 0.1 2.9 42.40 17.70

104 Off 4 0.1 2.7 39.90 17.10

105 Off 4 0.1 2.1 36.50 15.70

108 Off 4 0.1 3.4 57.50 23.20

110 Off 4 0.1 2.6 45.40 18.40

111 Off 4 0.1 2.2 43.80 17.70

112 Off 4 0.1 2.2 42.60 17.40

115 Off 3 0.1 11 34.70 19.30

118 Off 4 0.1 2.4 48.10 20.40

122 Off 12 0.3 1.3 35.90 13.00

123 Off 12 0.3 2.2 48.60 17.10

124 Off 12 0.3 1.8 46.30 17.00

N 79 14 14 14 14

Min. No data 0.1 1.3 34.70 13.00

Max. No data 0.3 11 57.50 23.20

Median No data 0.1 2.4 43.70 17.70

Mean No data 0.143 3.1 43.68 17.92

StdDev No data 0.085 2.3778 5.95 2.29

EL No data No data No data No data 16.3

Effluent intake concentration 0.00

a. Source: Farmer and Carfagno (1982).

b. BEL = below environmental level; EL = environmental (activity concentration) level; LDL = lower detection limit at 95% confidence level; No data = not applicable. 

c. EL indicates that “Min.” and “Mean” values included as reported; however, these values should be interpreted as “BEL.”

d. EL values from sample location 119.
ATTACHMENT D 

ENVIRONMENTAL AIR SAMPLING DATA FOR 1959 TO 1972 (continued)

Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 02 Effective Date: 07/02/2019 Page 85 of 111

Table D-10. Mound air monitoring data for 1982.

a,b

HTO incremental concentration (10-12 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 52 5 ELb 158.00 52.60

212 On 50 5 EL 107.00 39.30

213 On 48 5 EL 610 56.50

214 On 41 5 EL 90 30.2

215 On 46 5 EL 64.80 20.70

N 237 5 0 5 5

Min. No data 5 BEL 64.80 20.70

Max. No data 5 BEL 610.00 56.50

Median No data 5 No data 107.00 39.30

Mean No data 5 No data 205.96 39.86

StdDev No data 0 No data 228.43 15.00

101 Off 32 5 EL 175.00 47.00

102 Off 52 5 EL 188.00 35.70

103 Off 50 5 EL 102.00 31.30

104 Off 51 5 EL 63.80 10.90

105 Off 50 5 EL 42.70 8.10

108 Off 46 5 EL 47.70 7.30

110 Off 51 5 EL 47.50 6.30

111 Off 49 5 EL 40.40 5.70

112 Off 51 5 EL 41.20 8.10

115 Off 51 5 EL 36.70 1.10

118 Off 37 5 EL 51.40 6.60

122 Off 51 5 EL 90.10 17.00

123 Off 52 5 EL 278.00 28.00

124 Off 43 5 EL 70.70 20.00

N 666 14 0 14 14

Min. No data 5 BEL 36.70 1.10

Max. No data 5 BEL 278.00 47.00

Median No data 5 No data 57.60 9.50

Mean No data 5 No data 91.09 16.65

StdDev No data 0 No data 72.52 13.80

ELc,d No data No data No data No data 7.3

Effluent intake concentration 39.30

Pu-238 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 12 1.0 16.60 630.00 88.00

212 On 12 1.0 2.50 34.60 8.50

213 On 12 1.0 17.2 125 38.3

214 On 12 1.0 7.3 50.2 23.9

215 On 12 1.0 1.60 15.10 5.20

N 60 5 5 5 5

Min. No data 1.0 1.60 15.10 5.20

Max. No data 1.0 17.20 630.00 88.00

Median No data 1.0 7.30 50.20 23.90

Mean No data 1.0 9.04 170.98 32.78

StdDev No data 0.0 7.50 259.95 33.57

101 Off 4 0.3 0.5 4.10 1.80

102 Off 4 0.3 2.10 6.30 4.20

103 Off 4 0.3 1.00 6.80 3.70

104 Off 4 0.3 0.90 2.30 1.40

105 Off 4 0.3 0.10 1.20 0.60

108 Off 4 0.3 EL 0.30 EL

110 Off 4 0.3 EL 0.40 EL

111 Off 4 0.3 EL 0.80 0.30

112 Off 4 0.3 EL 0.50 0.10

115 Off 4 0.3 EL 0.30 0.10

118 Off 4 0.3 EL 1.40 0.80

122 Off 12 1 0.20 5.00 2.50

123 Off 12 1 4.30 65.10 17.10

124 Off 12 1 1.50 10.90 4.30

N 80 14 8 14 12

Min. No data 0.3 0.1 0.30 0.10

Max. No data 1 4.3 65.10 17.10

Median No data 0.3 0.95 1.85 1.60

Mean No data 0.45 1.33 7.53 3.08

StdDev No data 0.30 1.37 16.87 4.68

EL No data No data No data No data 0.3

Effluent intake concentration 23.90

Pu-239, -240 concentration (10-18μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 12 0.2 1 5.80 2.90

212 On 12 0.2 0.3 5.20 2.50

213 On 12 0.2 0.1 5.50 2.4

214 On 12 0.2 0.4 5.70 2.8

215 On 12 0.2 0.02 4.80 2.40

N 60 5 5 5 5

Min. No data 0.2 0.02 4.80 2.40

Max. No data 0.2 1.00 5.80 2.90

Median No data 0.2 0.30 5.50 2.50

Mean No data 0.2 0.36 5.40 2.60

StdDev No data 0.0 0.39 0.41 0.23

101 Off 4 0.1 0.03 6.20 2.60

102 Off 4 0.1 0.3 5.30 2.60

103 Off 4 0.1 0.2 4.70 2.30

104 Off 4 0.1 0.4 4.40 2.20

105 Off 4 0.1 0.2 4.50 2.10

108 Off 4 0.1 0.5 6.30 2.70

110 Off 4 0.1 0.3 4.30 2.00

111 Off 4 0.1 0.4 5.40 2.60

112 Off 4 0.1 0.4 5.60 2.50

115 Off 4 0.1 0.5 4.10 2.00

118 Off 4 0.1 0.4 5.40 2.70

122 Off 12 2 No data 5.30 2.30

123 Off 12 2 0.4 6.30 2.60

124 Off 12 2 0.4 5.90 2.50

N 80 14 13 14 14

Min. No data 0.1 0.03 4.10 2.00

Max. No data 2 0.5 6.30 2.70

Median No data 0.1 0.4 5.35 2.50

Mean No data 0.507 0.3408 5.26 2.41

StdDev No data 0.809 0.1327 0.76 0.25

EL No data No data No data No data 2.6

Effluent intake concentration 0.00

a. Source: Carfagno and Farmer (1983).

b. BEL = below environmental level; EL = environmental (activity concentration) level; LDL = lower detection limit at 95% confidence level; No data = not applicable. 

c. EL indicates that “Min.” and “Mean” values included as reported; however, these values should be interpreted as “BEL.”

d. EL values from sample location 119.
ATTACHMENT D 

ENVIRONMENTAL AIR SAMPLING DATA FOR 1959 TO 1972 (continued)

Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 02 Effective Date: 07/02/2019 Page 86 of 111

Table D-11. Mound air monitoring data for 1983.

a,b

HTO incremental concentration (10-12 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 49 4 ELb 120.00 35.30

212 On 49 4 EL 158.00 32.10

213 On 46 4 EL 225 42.50

214 On 52 4 EL 445 34.3

215 On 51 4 EL 173.00 21.20

N 247 5 0 5 5

Min. No data 4 BEL 120.00 21.20

Max. No data 4 BEL 445.00 42.50

Median No data 4 No data 173.00 34.30

Mean No data 4 No data 224.20 33.08

StdDev No data 0 No data 129.05 7.70

101 Off 51 4 EL 68.20 25.30

102 Off 51 4 EL 97.30 26.00

103 Off 48 4 EL 102.00 19.70

104 Off 49 4 EL 45.60 7.80

105 Off 49 4 EL 39.50 7.70

108 Off 51 4 EL 28.80 4.50

110 Off 50 4 EL 45.00 2.40

111 Off 51 4 EL 35.40 4.60

112 Off 52 4 EL 29.00 7.30

115 Off 51 4 EL 15.20 0.20

118 Off 50 4 EL 53.50 7.50

122 Off 50 4 EL 172.00 21.50

123 Off 52 4 EL 197.00 30.70

124 Off 51 4 EL 266.00 32.60

N 706 14 0 14 14

Min. No data 4 BEL 15.20 0.20

Max. No data 4 BEL 266.00 32.60

Median No data 4 No data 49.55 7.75

Mean No data 4 No data 85.32 14.13

StdDev No data 0 No data 75.16 11.28

ELc,d No data No data No data No data 1.4

Effluent intake concentration 34.30

Pu-238 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 12 1.0 7.60 114.00 29.40

212 On 12 1.0 2.50 10.70 6.00

213 On 12 1.0 38.4 151 74.2

214 On 12 1.0 3.3 29.3 13.2

215 On 12 1.0 1.30 6.00 2.70

N 60 5 5 5 5

Min. No data 1.0 1.30 6.00 2.70

Max. No data 1.0 38.40 151.00 74.20

Median No data 1.0 3.30 29.30 13.20

Mean No data 1.0 10.62 62.20 25.10

StdDev No data 0.0 15.71 66.07 29.32

101 Off 4 0.3 0.3 1.30 0.80

102 Off 4 0.3 0.70 7.10 2.60

103 Off 4 0.3 1.50 12.60 6.30

104 Off 4 0.3 0.30 13.60 4.10

105 Off 4 0.3 0.20 1.00 0.50

108 Off 4 0.3 EL 0.20 EL

110 Off 4 0.3 EL 1.00 0.40

111 Off 4 0.3 EL 1.20 0.50

112 Off 4 0.3 EL 0.60 0.20

115 Off 4 0.3 EL 1.80 0.50

118 Off 4 0.3 EL 0.70 0.40

122 Off 12 1 EL 9.40 1.80

123 Off 12 1 2.30 33.10 12.20

124 Off 12 1 1.40 12.70 5.80

N 80 14 7 14 13

Min. No data 0.3 0.2 0.20 0.20

Max. No data 1 2.3 33.10 12.20

Median No data 0.3 0.70 1.55 0.80

Mean No data 0.45 0.96 6.88 2.78

StdDev No data 0.30 0.80 9.14 3.54

EL No data No data No data No data 0.2

Effluent intake concentration 13.20

Pu-239, -240 concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 12 0.3 0.3 13.50 2.30

212 On 12 0.3 0.4 15.50 2.30

213 On 12 0.3 0.3 17.80 3

214 On 12 0.3 0.2 15.10 2.2

215 On 12 0.3 0.1 14.10 1.90

N 60 5 5 5 5

Min. No data 0.3 0.10 13.50 1.90

Max. No data 0.3 0.40 17.80 3.00

Median No data 0.3 0.30 15.10 2.30

Mean No data 0.3 0.26 15.20 2.34

StdDev No data 0.0 0.11 1.66 0.40

101 Off 4 0.2 0.6 9.10 2.90

102 Off 4 0.2 0.6 7.10 2.40

103 Off 4 0.2 0.7 7.60 2.50

104 Off 4 0.2 0.6 6.90 2.30

105 Off 4 0.2 0.5 7.60 2.50

108 Off 4 0.2 0.6 5.20 1.90

110 Off 4 0.2 0.2 6.30 2.10

111 Off 4 0.2 0.7 4.80 1.90

112 Off 4 0.2 0.3 8.00 2.50

115 Off 4 0.2 0.3 6.60 2.20

118 Off 4 0.2 0.6 9.60 3.10

122 Off 12 3 0.02 8.90 1.50

123 Off 12 3 No data 20.50 2.70

124 Off 12 3 0.3 22.10 2.80

N 80 14 13 14 14

Min. No data 0.2 0.02 4.80 1.50

Max. No data 3 0.7 22.10 3.10

Median No data 0.2 0.6 7.60 2.45

Mean No data 0.8 0.4631 9.31 2.38

StdDev No data 1.192 0.2146 5.27 0.44

EL No data No data No data No data 1

Effluent intake concentration 1.30

a. Source: Carfagno and Farmer (1984).

b. BEL = below environmental level; EL = environmental (activity concentration) level; LDL = lower detection limit at 95% confidence level; No data = not applicable. 

c. EL indicates that “Min.” and “Mean” values included as reported; however, these values should be interpreted as “BEL.”

d. EL values from sample location 119.
ATTACHMENT D 

ENVIRONMENTAL AIR SAMPLING DATA FOR 1959 TO 1972 (continued)

Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 02 Effective Date: 07/02/2019 Page 87 of 111

Table D-12. Mound air monitoring data for 1984.

a,b

HTO incremental concentration (10-12 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 49 7 ELb 160.00 22.10

212 On 50 7 EL 67.90 21.10

213 On 49 7 EL 142 28.30

214 On 53 7 EL 173 26.7

215 On 51 7 EL 183.00 21.50

N 252 5 0 5 5

Min. No data 7 BEL 67.90 21.10

Max. No data 7 BEL 183.00 28.30

Median No data 7 No data 160.00 22.10

Mean No data 7 No data 145.18 23.94

StdDev No data 0 No data 45.84 3.32

101 Off 53 7 EL 117.00 18.80

102 Off 51 7 EL 69.90 17.20

103 Off 53 7 EL 39.60 11.50

104 Off 52 7 EL 84.30 8.70

105 Off 53 7 EL 38.40 5.00

108 Off 50 7 EL 31.80 2.60

110 Off 34 7 EL 28.80 0.90

111 Off 48 7 EL 18.90 EL

112 Off 51 7 EL 44.50 1.10

115 Off 53 7 EL 21.20 EL

118 Off 52 7 EL 36.80 1.90

122 Off 51 7 EL 58.10 14.40

123 Off 51 7 EL 92.00 15.80

124 Off 52 7 EL 137.00 16.10

N 704 14 0 14 12

Min. No data 7 BEL 18.90 0.90

Max. No data 7 BEL 137.00 18.80

Median No data 7 No data 42.05 10.10

Mean No data 7 No data 58.45 9.50

StdDev No data 0 No data 36.67 6.93

ELc,d No data No data No data No data 4.1

Effluent intake concentration 22.10

Pu-238 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 12 1.0 9.20 99.70 41.90

212 On 12 1.0 1.80 74.80 17.10

213 On 12 1.0 18.3 270 126

214 On 12 1.0 0.5 63.8 23.2

215 On 12 1.0 EL 14.00 5.00

N 60 5 4 5 5

Min. No data 1.0 0.50 14.00 5.00

Max. No data 1.0 18.30 270.00 126.00

Median No data 1.0 5.50 74.80 23.20

Mean No data 1.0 7.45 104.46 42.64

StdDev No data 0.0 8.19 97.65 48.47

101 Off 4 0.3 1.2 5.00 2.90

102 Off 4 0.3 1.20 36.10 11.20

103 Off 3 0.3 2.70 6.20 4.60

104 Off 4 0.3 0.70 4.40 2.30

105 Off 4 0.3 0.08 1.50 0.80

108 Off 4 0.3 0.10 2.20 0.70

110 Off 3 0.3 EL 0.70 0.20

111 Off 4 0.3 0.01 0.40 0.20

112 Off 4 0.3 EL 0.50 0.20

115 Off 4 0.3 EL 0.70 0.30

118 Off 4 0.3 1.10 13.70 5.00

122 Off 12 1 EL 6.90 2.10

123 Off 12 1 1.50 49.00 15.00

124 Off 12 1 1.70 126.90 22.00

N 78 14 10 14 14

Min. No data 0.3 0.01 0.40 0.20

Max. No data 1 2.7 126.90 22.00

Median No data 0.3 1.15 4.70 2.20

Mean No data 0.45 1.03 18.16 4.82

StdDev No data 0.30 0.85 34.55 6.65

EL No data No data No data No data 0.002

Effluent intake concentration 23.20

Pu-239, -240 concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 12 0.2 No data 2.10 1.00

212 On 12 0.2 0.1 1.90 0.60

213 On 12 0.2 0.3 2.10 1.1

214 On 12 0.2 0.2 2.10 0.7

215 On 12 0.2 0.1 1.60 0.60

N 60 5 4 5 5

Min. No data 0.2 0.10 1.60 0.60

Max. No data 0.2 0.30 2.10 1.10

Median No data 0.2 0.15 2.10 0.70

Mean No data 0.2 0.18 1.96 0.80

StdDev No data 0.0 0.10 0.22 0.23

101 Off 4 0.2 0.3 1.00 0.60

102 Off 4 0.2 0.4 0.70 0.60

103 Off 3 0.2 0.4 0.70 0.50

104 Off 4 0.2 0.1 0.90 0.40

105 Off 4 0.2 0.2 0.50 0.30

108 Off 4 0.2 0.2 0.70 0.50

110 Off 3 0.2 0.1 0.50 0.30

111 Off 4 0.2 0.2 0.90 0.50

112 Off 4 0.2 0.2 0.70 0.40

115 Off 4 0.2 0.2 0.70 0.40

118 Off 4 0.2 0.2 0.80 0.50

122 Off 12 0.2 0.2 0.80 0.50

123 Off 12 0.2 0.3 1.30 0.70

124 Off 12 0.2 0.2 2.10 0.60

N 78 14 14 14 14

Min. No data 0.2 0.1 0.50 0.30

Max. No data 0.2 0.4 2.10 0.70

Median No data 0.2 0.2 0.75 0.50

Mean No data 0.2 0.2286 0.88 0.49

StdDev No data 3E–09 0.0914 0.41 0.12

EL No data No data No data No data 0.4

Effluent intake concentration 0.30

a. Source: Carfagno and Farmer (1985).

b. BEL = below environmental level; EL = environmental (activity concentration) level; LDL = lower detection limit at 95% confidence level; No data = not applicable. 

c. EL indicates that “Min.” and “Mean” values included as reported; however, these values should be interpreted as “BEL.”

d. EL values from sample location 119.
ATTACHMENT D 

ENVIRONMENTAL AIR SAMPLING DATA FOR 1959 TO 1972 (continued)

Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 02 Effective Date: 07/02/2019 Page 88 of 111

Table D-13. Mound air monitoring data for 1985.

a,b

HTO incremental concentration (10-12 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 52 14 ELb 167.00 32.70

212 On 50 14 1.54 115.00 29.70

213 On 49 14 EL 104 27.30

214 On 52 14 EL 189 24.8

215 On 52 14 EL 134.00 19.80

N 255 5 1 5 5

Min. No data 14 1.54 104.00 19.80

Max. No data 14 1.54 189.00 32.70

Median No data 14 No data 134.00 27.30

Mean No data 14 No data 141.80 26.86

StdDev No data 0 No data 35.60 4.91

101 Off 42 14 EL 40.40 17.40

102 Off 51 14 3.94 70.90 29.20

103 Off 52 14 EL 43.60 10.90

104 Off 52 14 EL 52.30 9.39

105 Off 49 14 EL 26.60 4.89

108 Off 50 14 EL 21.20 2.30

110 Off 49 14 EL 26.20 0.99

111 Off 51 14 EL 20.80 EL

112 Off 52 14 EL 19.50 2.45

115 Off 45 14 EL 11.60 EL

118 Off 50 14 EL 31.70 6.49

122 Off 51 14 EL 68.30 11.70

123 Off 52 14 EL 116.00 20.20

124 Off 50 14 EL 55.50 18.20

N 696 14 1 14 12

Min. No data 14 3.94 11.60 0.99

Max. No data 14 3.94 116.00 29.20

Median No data 14 No data 36.05 10.15

Mean No data 14 No data 43.19 11.18

StdDev No data 0 No data 27.99 8.62

ELc,d No data No data No data No data 2.54

Effluent intake concentration 27.30

Pu-238 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 12 0.7 17.20 1269.00 182.00

212 On 12 0.7 2.26 42.80 16.80

213 On 12 0.7 35 369 153

214 On 12 0.7 12.1 772 126

215 On 12 0.7 0.96 137.00 16.50

N 60 5 5 5 5

Min. No data 0.7 0.96 42.80 16.50

Max. No data 0.7 35.00 1269.00 182.00

Median No data 0.7 12.10 369.00 126.00

Mean No data 0.7 13.50 517.96 98.86

StdDev No data 0.0 13.80 505.39 77.62

101 Off 3 0.14 1.13 4.95 2.46

102 Off 4 0.14 3.10 14.70 8.05

103 Off 4 0.14 2.20 10.80 6.35

104 Off 4 0.14 1.04 2.89 1.73

105 Off 4 0.14 0.46 6.03 2.47

108 Off 4 0.14 EL 0.19 EL

110 Off 4 0.14 EL 0.15 0.04

111 Off 4 0.14 0.08 0.32 0.21

112 Off 4 0.14 0.01 2.61 0.85

115 Off 4 0.14 EL 0.01 0.15

118 Off 4 0.14 1.06 17.40 10.80

122 Off 12 0.69 0.66 37.40 8.43

123 Off 12 0.69 1.06 352.00 40.20

124 Off 12 0.69 2.16 56.80 13.70

N 79 14 11 14 13

Min. No data 0.14 0.005 0.01 0.04

Max. No data 0.69 3.1 352.00 40.20

Median No data 0.14 1.06 5.49 2.47

Mean No data 0.26 1.18 36.16 7.34

StdDev No data 0.23 0.95 92.38 10.85

EL No data No data No data No data 0.15

Effluent intake concentration 126.00

Pu-239, -240 concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 12 0.38 No data 7.97 1.21

212 On 12 0.38 No data 0.93 0.31

213 On 12 0.38 0.1 3.03 0.99

214 On 12 0.38 No data 2.29 0.76

215 On 12 0.38 No data 1.59 0.37

N 60 5 1 5 5

Min. No data 0.4 0.10 0.93 0.31

Max. No data 0.4 0.10 7.97 1.21

Median No data 0.4 No data 2.29 0.76

Mean No data 0.4 No data 3.16 0.73

StdDev No data 0.0 No data 2.80 0.39

101 Off 3 0.08 0.07 0.42 0.25

102 Off 4 0.08 0.15 0.38 0.27

103 Off 4 0.08 0.24 0.55 0.39

104 Off 4 0.08 0.12 0.26 0.17

105 Off 4 0.08 0.09 0.25 0.17

108 Off 4 0.08 0.22 0.42 0.33

110 Off 4 0.08 0.01 0.33 0.16

111 Off 4 0.08 0.09 0.44 0.21

112 Off 4 0.08 0.08 0.38 0.22

115 Off 4 0.08 0.1 0.39 0.23

118 Off 4 0.08 0.16 0.41 0.29

122 Off 12 0.38 No data 0.87 0.33

123 Off 12 0.38 0.08 3.72 0.84

124 Off 12 0.38 No data 0.70 0.20

N 79 14 12 14 14

Min. No data 0.08 0.01 0.25 0.16

Max. No data 0.38 0.24 3.72 0.84

Median No data 0.08 0.095 0.42 0.24

Mean No data 0.144 0.1175 0.68 0.29

StdDev No data 0.128 0.0652 0.89 0.17

EL No data No data No data No data 0.13

Effluent intake concentration 0.63

a. Source: Carfagno and Westendorf (1973b, 1974).

b. BEL = below environmental level; EL = environmental (activity concentration) level; LDL = lower detection limit at 95% confidence level; No data = not applicable. 

c. EL indicates that “Min.” and “Mean” values included as reported; however, these values should be interpreted as “BEL.”

d. EL values from sample location 119.
ATTACHMENT D 

ENVIRONMENTAL AIR SAMPLING DATA FOR 1959 TO 1972 (continued)

Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 02 Effective Date: 07/02/2019 Page 89 of 111

Table D-14. Mound air monitoring data for 1986.

a,b

HTO incremental concentration (10-12 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 50 17 ELb 94.00 23.80

212 On 51 17 EL 75.30 21.10

213 On 50 17 2.19 123 40.90

214 On 50 17 EL 100 21.3

215 On 51 17 EL 64.40 15.50

N 252 5 1 5 5

Min. No data 17 2.19 64.40 15.50

Max. No data 17 2.19 123.00 40.90

Median No data 17 No data 94.00 21.30

Mean No data 17 No data 91.34 24.52

StdDev No data 0 No data 22.73 9.65

101 Off 48 17 EL 85.80 24.50

102 Off 50 17 EL 120.00 23.20

103 Off 49 17 EL 31.90 8.57

104 Off 50 17 EL 60.50 11.00

105 Off 50 17 EL 35.30 3.96

108 Off 51 17 EL 37.20 5.61

110 Off 49 17 EL 32.90 3.68

111 Off 52 17 EL 59.00 3.63

112 Off 47 17 EL 38.90 4.02

115 Off 50 17 EL 188.00 6.73

118 Off 48 17 EL 32.00 4.50

122 Off 52 17 EL 93.60 13.70

123 Off 43 17 EL 53.50 12.00

124 Off 48 17 EL 89.60 21.20

N 687 14 0 14 14

Min. No data 17 BEL 31.90 3.63

Max. No data 17 BEL 188.00 24.50

Median No data 17 No data 56.25 7.65

Mean No data 17 No data 68.44 10.45

StdDev No data 0 No data 44.36 7.55

ELc,d No data No data No data No data 0.91

Effluent intake concentration 21.30

Pu-238 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 11 0.2 8.29 388.00 125.00

212 On 12 0.2 4.19 194.00 53.40

213 On 12 0.2 53 447 178

214 On 12 0.2 7.35 372 93.4

215 On 12 0.2 1.55 127.00 22.40

N 59 5 5 5 5

Min. No data 0.2 1.55 127.00 22.40

Max. No data 0.2 53.00 447.00 178.00

Median No data 0.2 7.35 372.00 93.40

Mean No data 0.2 14.88 305.60 94.44

StdDev No data 0.0 21.48 137.43 60.81

101 Off 4 0.08 0.49 10.20 3.50

102 Off 4 0.08 3.41 38.30 14.30

103 Off 4 0.08 3.08 23.80 10.50

104 Off 4 0.08 0.41 19.80 5.91

105 Off 4 0.08 0.27 26.40 7.06

108 Off 4 0.08 EL 0.26 EL

110 Off 4 0.08 EL 0.33 0.05

111 Off 4 0.08 EL 0.56 0.30

112 Off 4 0.08 0.18 13.30 3.52

115 Off 4 0.08 EL 0.81 0.27

118 Off 4 0.08 0.58 3.96 1.94

122 Off 12 0.23 0.93 77.30 9.90

123 Off 10 0.23 1.49 66.50 26.70

124 Off 12 0.23 1.14 82.30 20.70

N 78 14 10 14 13

Min. No data 0.08 0.18 0.26 0.05

Max. No data 0.23 3.41 82.30 26.70

Median No data 0.08 0.76 16.55 5.91

Mean No data 0.11 1.20 25.99 8.05

StdDev No data 0.06 1.15 29.27 8.29

EL No data No data No data No data 0.16

Effluent intake concentration 93.40

Pu-239, -240 concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 11 0.15 No data 3.76 0.92

212 On 12 0.15 No data 0.82 0.31

213 On 12 0.15 0.53 5.53 1.47

214 On 12 0.15 No data 1.55 0.63

215 On 12 0.15 No data 1.14 0.31

N 59 5 1 5 5

Min. No data 0.2 0.53 0.82 0.31

Max. No data 0.2 0.53 5.53 1.47

Median No data 0.2 No data 1.55 0.63

Mean No data 0.2 No data 2.56 0.73

StdDev No data 0.0 No data 2.02 0.49

101 Off 4 0.04 0.07 0.41 0.25

102 Off 4 0.04 0.05 0.37 0.28

103 Off 4 0.04 0.03 0.39 0.24

104 Off 4 0.04 0.01 0.62 0.27

105 Off 4 0.04 0.08 0.41 0.27

108 Off 4 0.04 0.15 0.41 0.22

110 Off 4 0.04 0.25 0.58 0.29

111 Off 4 0.04 0.09 0.23 0.15

112 Off 4 0.04 0.08 0.21 0.13

115 Off 4 0.04 0.11 0.28 0.15

118 Off 4 0.04 0.07 0.38 0.20

122 Off 12 0.15 No data 1.01 0.26

123 Off 10 0.15 No data 0.99 0.36

124 Off 12 0.15 No data 1.43 0.37

N 78 14 11 14 14

Min. No data 0.04 0.01 0.21 0.13

Max. No data 0.15 0.25 1.43 0.37

Median No data 0.04 0.08 0.41 0.26

Mean No data 0.064 0.09 0.55 0.25

StdDev No data 0.047 0.065 0.35 0.07

ELc,d No data No data No data No data 0.18

Effluent intake concentration 0.45

a. Source: Carfagno and Farmer (1987).

b. BEL = below environmental level; EL = environmental (activity concentration) level; LDL = lower detection limit at 95% confidence level; No data = not applicable. 

c. EL indicates that “Min.” and “Mean” values included as reported; however, these values should be interpreted as “BEL.”

d. EL values from sample location 119.
ATTACHMENT D 

ENVIRONMENTAL AIR SAMPLING DATA FOR 1959 TO 1972 (continued)

Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 02 Effective Date: 07/02/2019 Page 90 of 111

Table D-15. Mound air monitoring data for 1987.

a,b

HTO incremental concentration (10-12 μCi/mL) 

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 51 16 ELb 95.00 28.20

212 On 51 16 EL 148.00 33.70

213 On 51 16 EL 144 38.80

214 On 51 16 EL 176 33.3

215 On 47 16 EL 152.00 21.70

N 251 5 0 5 5

Min. No data 16 BEL 95.00 21.70

Max. No data 16 BEL 176.00 38.80

Median No data 16 No data 148.00 33.30

Mean No data 16 No data 143.00 31.14

StdDev No data 0 No data 29.58 6.47

101 Off 51 16 EL 258.00 29.20

102 Off 52 16 0.64 85.60 23.50

103 Off 52 16 EL 63.50 17.20

104 Off 48 16 EL 52.40 9.87

105 Off 50 16 EL 39.40 9.39

108 Off 48 16 EL 47.70 7.68

110 Off 51 16 EL 51.30 5.90

111 Off 52 16 EL 16.30 2.47

112 Off 52 16 EL 42.30 6.62

115 Off 52 16 EL 31.70 2.79

118 Off 50 16 EL 69.80 9.33

122 Off 49 16 EL 45.20 8.14

123 Off 48 16 EL 261.00 24.60

124 Off 48 16 EL 75.20 23.30

N 703 14 1 14 14

Min. No data 16 0.64 16.30 2.47

Max. No data 16 0.64 261.00 29.20

Median No data 16 No data 51.85 9.36

Mean No data 16 No data 81.39 12.86

StdDev No data 0 No data 77.53 8.88

ELc,d No data No data No data No data No data

Effluent intake concentration 33.30

Pu-238 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 12 0.3 29.70 141.00 79.00

212 On 12 0.3 6.40 56.20 15.00

213 On 12 0.3 65.4 860 189

214 On 11 0.3 9.2 95.5 43.5

215 On 12 0.3 1.79 21.70 8.40

N 59 5 5 5 5

Min. No data 0.3 1.79 21.70 8.40

Max. No data 0.3 65.40 860.00 189.00

Median No data 0.3 9.20 95.50 43.50

Mean No data 0.3 22.50 234.88 66.98

StdDev No data 0.0 26.25 352.27 73.69

101 Off 4 0.05 0.11 12.70 4.10

102 Off 4 0.05 3.29 20.00 8.60

103 Off 4 0.05 1.93 17.70 8.60

104 Off 4 0.05 0.85 3.44 2.38

105 Off 4 0.05 0.42 1.65 0.79

108 Off 4 0.05 0.01 0.10 0.05

110 Off 4 0.05 EL 0.32 0.03

111 Off 4 0.05 0.07 0.58 0.28

112 Off 4 0.05 0.02 0.54 0.27

115 Off 4 0.05 0.07 0.13 0.02

118 Off 4 0.05 0.62 1.42 1.03

122 Off 12 0.34 0.27 10.60 5.28

123 Off 10 0.34 2.49 41.60 10.70

124 Off 12 0.34 2.44 172.10 22.00

N 78 14 13 14 14

Min. No data 0.05 0.01 0.10 0.02

Max. No data 0.34 3.29 172.10 22.00

Median No data 0.05 0.42 2.55 1.71

Mean No data 0.11 0.97 20.21 4.58

StdDev No data 0.12 1.15 45.27 6.23

EL No data No data No data No data 0.07

Effluent intake concentration 43.50

Pu-239, -240 concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 12 0.14 0.24 2.35 0.83

212 On 12 0.14 No data 0.75 0.28

213 On 12 0.14 No data 3.43 0.7

214 On 11 0.14 No data 0.73 0.29

215 On 12 0.14 No data 0.60 0.19

N 59 5 1 5 5

Min. No data 0.1 0.24 0.60 0.19

Max. No data 0.1 0.24 3.43 0.83

Median No data 0.1 No data 0.75 0.29

Mean No data 0.1 No data 1.57 0.46

StdDev No data 0.0 No data 1.26 0.29

101 Off 4 0.02 0.07 0.30 0.17

102 Off 4 0.02 0.07 0.21 0.16

103 Off 4 0.02 0.11 0.19 0.16

104 Off 4 0.02 0.02 0.23 0.14

105 Off 4 0.02 0.01 0.47 0.16

108 Off 4 0.02 0.06 0.23 0.11

110 Off 4 0.02 No data 0.37 0.14

111 Off 4 0.02 0.05 0.19 0.13

112 Off 4 0.02 0.03 0.11 0.09

115 Off 4 0.02 0.06 0.22 0.12

118 Off 4 0.02 0.06 0.18 0.11

122 Off 12 0.14 No data 0.71 0.14

123 Off 11 0.14 No data 1.36 0.25

124 Off 12 0.14 No data 0.73 0.24

N 79 14 10 14 14

Min. No data 0.02 0.01 0.11 0.09

Max. No data 0.14 0.11 1.36 0.25

Median No data 0.02 0.06 0.23 0.14

Mean No data 0.046 0.054 0.39 0.15

StdDev No data 0.051 0.0288 0.34 0.05

ELc No data No data No data No data 0.13

Effluent intake concentration 0.22

a. Source: Carfagno and Farmer (1988).

b. BEL = below environmental level; EL = environmental (activity concentration) level; LDL = lower detection limit at 95% confidence level; No data = not applicable. 

c. EL indicates that “Min.” and “Mean” values included as reported; however, these values should be interpreted as “BEL.”

d. EL values from sample location 119.
ATTACHMENT D 

ENVIRONMENTAL AIR SAMPLING DATA FOR 1959 TO 1972 (continued)

Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 02 Effective Date: 07/02/2019 Page 91 of 111

Table D-16. Mound air monitoring data for 1988.

a,b

HTO incremental concentration (10-12 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 50 13 ELb 147.00 20.80

212 On 51 13 1.4 81.10 24.10

213 On 51 13 2.3 502 40.60

214 On 51 13 EL 165 24.5

215 On 52 13 EL 189.00 22.20

N 255 5 2 5 5

Min. No data 13 1.40 81.10 20.80

Max. No data 13 2.30 502.00 40.60

Median No data 13 1.85 165.00 24.10

Mean No data 13 1.85 216.82 26.44

StdDev No data 0 0.64 164.38 8.05

101 Off 52 13 EL 109.00 13.30

102 Off 52 13 EL 42.10 14.50

103 Off 51 13 EL 163.00 16.20

104 Off 52 13 EL 60.50 10.70

105 Off 52 13 EL 25.40 5.70

108 Off 50 13 EL 33.10 4.90

110 Off 51 13 EL 12.60 1.50

111 Off 51 13 EL 17.80 1.20

112 Off 52 13 EL 53.90 5.10

115 Off 52 13 EL 13.20 1.10

118 Off 51 13 EL 34.20 5.50

122 Off 50 13 EL 107.00 15.80

123 Off 52 13 EL 241.00 21.40

124 Off 50 13 EL 100.00 17.00

N 718 14 0 14 14

Min. No data 13 BEL 12.60 1.10

Max. No data 13 BEL 241.00 21.40

Median No data 13 No data 48.00 8.20

Mean No data 13 No data 72.34 9.56

StdDev No data 0 No data 65.99 6.78

ELc,d No data No data No data No data 2

Effluent intake concentration 24.10

Pu-238 incremental concentration (10-18μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 12 0.3 9.00 313.00 80.00

212 On 12 0.3 2.00 85.00 13.00

213 On 12 0.3 21 146 61

214 On 11 0.3 5 354 58

215 On 12 0.3 1.00 19.00 6.00

N 59 5 5 5 5

Min. No data 0.3 1.00 19.00 6.00

Max. No data 0.3 21.00 354.00 80.00

Median No data 0.3 5.00 146.00 58.00

Mean No data 0.3 7.60 183.40 43.60

StdDev No data 0.0 8.11 144.92 32.35

101 Off 4 0.1 0.1 2.40 1.40

102 Off 4 0.1 1.70 20.40 8.20

103 Off 4 0.1 1.60 31.10 13.30

104 Off 4 0.1 0.20 4.70 2.40

105 Off 4 0.1 EL 0.60 0.30

108 Off 4 0.1 EL 0.20 0.00

110 Off 4 0.1 EL EL EL

111 Off 4 0.1 EL 0.70 0.30

112 Off 4 0.1 EL 0.30 0.10

115 Off 4 0.1 EL 0.40 EL

118 Off 4 0.1 0.40 1.90 1.10

122 Off 12 0.3 0.50 20.20 7.50

123 Off 11 0.3 0.50 20.50 8.00

124 Off 12 0.3 2.40 16.30 7.10

N 79 14 8 13 12

Min. No data 0.1 0.1 0.20 0.00

Max. No data 0.3 2.4 31.10 13.30

Median No data 0.1 0.50 2.40 1.90

Mean No data 0.14 0.93 9.21 4.14

StdDev No data 0.09 0.85 10.83 4.45

EL No data No data No data No data 0.2

Effluent intake concentration 58.00

Pu-239, -240 concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 12 0.2 No data 2.90 0.80

212 On 12 0.2 No data 0.80 0.20

213 On 12 0.2 No data 1.30 0.6

214 On 11 0.2 No data 1.10 0.4

215 On 12 0.2 No data 0.70 0.30

N 59 5 0 5 5

Min. No data 0.2 BEL 0.70 0.20

Max. No data 0.2 BEL 2.90 0.80

Median No data 0.2 No data 1.10 0.40

Mean No data 0.2 No data 1.36 0.46

StdDev No data 0.0 No data 0.89 0.24

101 Off 4 0.2 0.2 0.80 0.40

102 Off 4 0.2 0.2 0.30 0.20

103 Off 4 0.2 0.2 0.60 0.40

104 Off 4 0.2 0.03 0.40 0.20

105 Off 4 0.2 0.1 0.90 0.40

108 Off 4 0.2 0.1 0.20 0.20

110 Off 4 0.2 0.1 0.20 0.10

111 Off 4 0.2 0.2 0.30 0.20

112 Off 4 0.2 0.1 0.20 0.10

115 Off 4 0.2 0.2 0.40 0.30

118 Off 4 0.2 0.1 0.30 0.20

122 Off 12 0.02 No data 0.60 0.20

123 Off 11 0.02 No data 0.40 0.10

124 Off 12 0.02 No data 0.50 0.20

N 79 14 11 14 14

Min. No data 0.02 0.03 0.20 0.10

Max. No data 0.2 0.2 0.90 0.40

Median No data 0.2 0.1 0.40 0.20

Mean No data 0.16 0.14 0.44 0.23

StdDev No data 0.08 0.06 0.22 0.11

EL No data No data No data No data 0.2

Effluent intake concentration 0.20

a. Source: Carfagno and Farmer (1989).

b. BEL = below environmental level; EL = environmental (activity concentration) level; LDL = lower detection limit at 95% confidence level; No data = not applicable. 

c. EL indicates that “Min.” and “Mean” values included as reported; however, these values should be interpreted as “BEL.”

d. EL values from sample location 119.
ATTACHMENT D 

ENVIRONMENTAL AIR SAMPLING DATA FOR 1959 TO 1972 (continued)

Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 02 Effective Date: 07/02/2019 Page 92 of 111

Table D-17. Mound air monitoring data for 1989.

a,b

HTO incremental concentration (10-12 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 50 29 0.2 179.00 25.00

212 On 50 29 ELb 173.00 28.00

213 On 51 29 8 138 31.00

214 On 50 29 1 98 24

215 On 51 29 EL 83.00 22.00

N 252 5 3 5 5

Min. No data 29 0.20 83.00 22.00

Max. No data 29 8.00 179.00 31.00

Median No data 29 1.00 138.00 25.00

Mean No data 29 3.07 134.20 26.00

StdDev No data 0 4.29 43.18 3.54

101 Off 53 29 EL 36.00 13.00

102 Off 52 29 EL 106.00 19.00

103 Off 51 29 EL 47.00 12.00

104 Off 53 29 EL 37.00 10.00

105 Off 52 29 EL 32.00 6.00

108 Off 52 29 EL 14.00 2.00

110 Off 52 29 EL 13.00 2.00

111 Off 53 29 EL 19.00 2.00

112 Off 53 29 EL 204.00 10.00

115 Off 53 29 EL 22.00 2.00

118 Off 53 29 EL 22.00 6.00

122 Off 53 29 EL 68.00 12.00

123 Off 53 29 EL 79.00 17.00

124 Off 53 29 EL 51.00 14.00

N 736 14 0 14 14

Min. No data 29 BEL 13.00 2.00

Max. No data 29 BEL 204.00 19.00

Median No data 29 No data 36.50 10.00

Mean No data 29 No data 53.57 9.07

StdDev No data 0 No data 50.94 5.81

ELc,d No data No data No data No data 0.9

Effluent intake concentration 25.00

Pu-238 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 12 0.3 2.00 107.00 23.00

212 On 12 0.3 EL 8.00 3.00

213 On 12 0.3 12 263 46

214 On 12 0.3 3 57 15

215 On 12 0.3 1.00 15.00 4.00

N 60 5 4 5 5

Min. No data 0.3 1.00 8.00 3.00

Max. No data 0.3 12.00 263.00 46.00

Median No data 0.3 2.50 57.00 15.00

Mean No data 0.3 4.50 90.00 18.20

StdDev No data 0.0 5.07 104.47 17.60

101 Off 4 0.1 0.2 0.70 0.50

102 Off 4 0.1 0.90 2.50 1.60

103 Off 4 0.1 0.80 2.30 1.60

104 Off 4 0.1 0.20 1.00 0.70

105 Off 4 0.1 0.20 1.50 0.50

108 Off 4 0.1 EL 0.10 EL

110 Off 4 0.1 EL 0.20 EL

111 Off 4 0.1 0.10 0.50 0.20

112 Off 4 0.1 EL 0.30 0.20

115 Off 4 0.1 EL 0.10 EL

118 Off 4 0.1 0.10 1.00 0.60

122 Off 12 0.3 0.60 8.30 2.40

123 Off 12 0.3 1.00 8.10 3.80

124 Off 12 0.3 1.30 7.80 3.90

N 80 14 10 14 11

Min. No data 0.1 0.1 0.10 0.20

Max. No data 0.3 1.3 8.30 3.90

Median No data 0.1 0.40 1.00 0.70

Mean No data 0.14 0.54 2.46 1.45

StdDev No data 0.09 0.44 3.13 1.37

EL No data No data No data No data 0.04

Effluent intake concentration 15.00

Pu-239, -240 concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 12 0.1 No data 1.10 0.30

212 On 12 0.1 No data 1.20 0.20

213 On 12 0.1 No data 2.90 0.6

214 On 12 0.1 No data 2.80 0.4

215 On 12 0.1 No data 0.50 0.10

N 60 5 0 5 5

Min. No data 0.1 BEL 0.50 0.10

Max. No data 0.1 BEL 2.90 0.60

Median No data 0.1 No data 1.20 0.30

Mean No data 0.1 No data 1.70 0.32

StdDev No data 0.0 No data 1.08 0.19

101 Off 4 0.03 No data 0.20 0.09

102 Off 4 0.03 No data 0.30 0.10

103 Off 4 0.03 0.03 0.20 0.10

104 Off 4 0.03 No data 0.10 0.08

105 Off 4 0.03 No data 0.30 0.10

108 Off 4 0.03 0.08 0.10 0.09

110 Off 4 0.03 No data 0.10 0.03

111 Off 4 0.03 0.04 1.00 0.30

112 Off 4 0.03 0.05 0.30 0.10

115 Off 4 0.03 0.05 0.20 0.10

118 Off 4 0.03 No data 0.30 0.10

122 Off 12 0.1 No data 0.70 0.20

123 Off 12 0.1 No data 0.30 0.04

124 Off 12 0.1 No data 1.20 0.08

N 80 14 5 14 14

Min. No data 0.03 0.03 0.10 0.03

Max. No data 0.1 0.08 1.20 0.30

Median No data 0.03 0.05 0.30 0.10

Mean No data 0.045 0.05 0.38 0.11

StdDev No data 0.03 0.0187 0.34 0.07

EL No data No data No data No data 0.1

Effluent intake concentration 0.30

a. Source: Carfagno and Farmer (1990).

b. BEL = below environmental level; EL = environmental (activity concentration) level; LDL = lower detection limit at 95% confidence level; No data = not applicable. 

c. EL indicates that “Min.” and “Mean” values included as reported; however, these values should be interpreted as “BEL.”

d. EL values from sample location 119.
ATTACHMENT D 

ENVIRONMENTAL AIR SAMPLING DATA FOR 1959 TO 1972 (continued)

Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 02 Effective Date: 07/02/2019 Page 93 of 111

Table D-18. Mound air monitoring data for 1990.

a,b

HTO incremental concentration (10-12 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min.c Max. Mean

211 On 52 29 0.54 222.36 18.57

212 On 52 29 1.44 49.70 15.72

213 On 52 29 0.87 125 38.39

214 On 50 29 -1.44 154.3 20.7

215 On 52 29 -2.54 72.45 15.21

N 258 5 5 5 5

Min. No data 29 -2.54 49.70 15.21

Max. No data 29 1.44 222.36 38.39

Median No data 29 0.54 125.04 18.57

Mean No data 29 -0.23 124.77 21.71

StdDev No data 0 1.69 68.50 9.58

101 Off 51 29 -2.48 32.02 12.25

102 Off 52 29 1.82 59.33 14.50

103 Off 52 29 -1.07 28.61 9.03

104 Off 52 29 -6.19 35.99 7.19

105 Off 52 29 -2.48 25.69 3.62

108 Off 52 29 -8.94 13.86 2.62

110 Off 52 29 -6.39 12.90 0.88

111 Off 52 29 -6.79 12.25 1.05

112 Off 51 29 -5.53 21.68 4.44

115 Off 52 29 -6.21 11.69 0.82

118 Off 52 29 -7.56 22.22 3.57

122 Off 50 29 -3.83 52.00 6.95

123 Off 51 29 -2.89 38.43 7.51

124 Off 51 29 -3.56 39.50 8.16

N 722 14 14 14 14

Min. No data 29 -8.94 11.69 0.82

Max. No data 29 1.82 59.33 14.50

Median No data 29 -4.68 27.15 5.70

Mean No data 29 -4.436 29.01 5.90

StdDev No data 0 2.8886 14.90 4.23

EL No data No data No data No data 2.63

Effluent intake concentration 18.60

Pu-238 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 12 0.5 5.53 89.58 16.43

212 On 12 0.5 1.49 9.69 4.32

213 On 12 0.5 9.47 79.44 35.04

214 On 12 0.5 2.24 12.93 5.64

215 On 12 0.5 0.55 3.86 1.83

N 60 5 5 5 5

Min. No data 0.5 0.55 3.86 1.83

Max. No data 0.5 9.47 89.58 35.04

Median No data 0.5 2.24 12.93 5.64

Mean No data 0.5 3.86 39.10 12.65

StdDev No data 0.0 3.66 41.73 13.70

101 Off 4 0.1 0.28 1.17 0.57

102 Off 4 0.1 1.75 3.54 2.67

103 Off 4 0.1 1.45 149.28 39.47

104 Off 4 0.1 0.34 0.92 0.55

105 Off 4 0.1 0.10 0.46 0.26

108 Off 4 0.1 -0.05 0.24 0.06

110 Off 4 0.1 -0.04 0.15 0.05

111 Off 4 0.1 -0.03 0.30 0.12

112 Off 4 0.1 -0.04 0.16 0.07

115 Off 4 0.1 -0.25 0.15 -0.05

118 Off 4 0.1 -0.06 4.83 1.48

122 Off 12 0.5 0.52 5.79 1.58

123 Off 12 0.5 0.85 18.50 4.18

124 Off 12 0.5 -0.25 14.16 3.85

N 80 14 14 14 14

Min. No data 0.1 -0.25 0.15 -0.05

Max. No data 0.5 1.75 149.28 39.47

Median No data 0.1 0.04 1.05 0.56

Mean No data 0.19 0.33 14.26 3.92

StdDev No data 0.17 0.62 39.27 10.33

EL No data No data No data No data 0.06

Effluent intake concentration 5.64

Pu-239, -240 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 12 0.4 -0.43 0.38 0.07

212 On 12 0.4 -0.24 0.51 0.10

213 On 12 0.4 0.05 0.84 0.28

214 On 12 0.4 -0.04 0.48 0.04

215 On 12 0.4 -0.18 0.12 -0.02

N 60 5 5 5 5

Min. No data 0.4 -0.43 0.12 -0.02

Max. No data 0.4 0.05 0.84 0.28

Median No data 0.4 -0.18 0.48 0.07

Mean No data 0.4 -0.17 0.47 0.09

StdDev No data 0.0 0.19 0.26 0.11

101 Off 4 0.1 -0.06 0.05 0.01

102 Off 4 0.1 -0.01 0.03 0.00

103 Off 4 0.1 -0.02 0.42 0.15

104 Off 4 0.1 -0.08 -0.01 -0.04

105 Off 4 0.1 0.03 0.12 0.06

108 Off 4 0.1 -0.02 0.06 0.02

110 Off 4 0.1 -0.1 0.04 -0.02

111 Off 4 0.1 0.02 0.08 0.06

112 Off 4 0.1 -0.01 0.02 0.01

115 Off 4 0.1 -0.02 0.12 0.04

118 Off 12 0.4 -0.02 0.05 0.02

122 Off 12 0.4 -0.41 0.24 -0.07

123 Off 12 0.4 -0.12 0.52 0.06

124 Off 12 0.4 -0.39 0.28 -0.01

N 88 14 14 14 14

Min. No data 0.1 -0.41 -0.01 -0.07

Max. No data 0.4 0.03 0.52 0.15

Median No data 0.1 -0.02 0.07 0.02

Mean No data 0.186 -0.0864 0.14 0.02

StdDev No data 0.141 0.1395 0.16 0.05

EL No data No data No data No data 0.07

Effluent intake concentration 0.07

a. Source: EG&G and SAIC (1991).

b. BEL = below environmental level; EL = environmental (activity concentration) level; LDL = lower detection limit at 95% confidence level; No data = not applicable. 

c. Negative “Min.” values included as reported; however, these values should be interpreted as “BEL.”
ATTACHMENT D 

ENVIRONMENTAL AIR SAMPLING DATA FOR 1959 TO 1972 (continued)

Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 02 Effective Date: 07/02/2019 Page 94 of 111

Table D-19. Mound air monitoring data for 1991.

a,b

HTO incremental concentration (10-12 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min.c Max. Mean

211 On 51 16 -0.35 42.41 11.65

212 On 49 16 -4.93 54.88 13.05

213 On 50 16 10.04 112.61 38.91

214 On 51 16 -3.06 28.69 9.97

215 On 51 16 -9.88 31.45 6.18

N 252 5 5 5 5

Min. No data 16 -9.88 28.69 6.18

Max. No data 16 10.04 112.61 38.91

Median No data 16 -3.06 42.41 11.65

Mean No data 16 -1.64 54.01 15.95

StdDev No data 0 7.40 34.35 13.09

101 Off 50 16 -5.46 31.14 6.85

102 Off 52 16 -11.16 27.79 8.27

103 Off 52 16 -13.2 20.20 5.83

104 Off 52 16 -9.66 22.43 3.45

105 Off 52 16 -10.3 32.85 4.52

108 Off 52 16 -10.61 12.79 1.74

110 Off 52 16 -13.2 20.88 0.70

111 Off 50 16 -11.34 11.42 0.44

112 Off 51 16 -6.64 13.43 2.02

115 Off 52 16 -12.7 12.93 0.58

118 Off 52 16 -10.25 24.59 2.76

122 Off 51 16 -4.1 25.63 7.39

123 Off 52 16 -4.21 74.37 9.06

124 Off 51 16 -12.85 40.50 6.93

N 721 14 14 14 14

Min. No data 16 -13.2 11.42 0.44

Max. No data 16 -4.1 74.37 9.06

Median No data 16 -10.46 23.51 3.99

Mean No data 16 -9.691 26.50 4.32

StdDev No data 0 3.2649 16.20 3.04

EL No data No data No data No data 1.85

Effluent intake concentration 11.65

Pu-238 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 12 0.7 4.90 49.72 15.73

212 On 11 0.7 1.29 9.16 4.92

213 On 12 0.7 12.14 69.36 34.23

214 On 12 0.7 2.27 24.65 7.7

215 On 12 0.7 1.20 27.73 6.82

N 59 5 5 5 5

Min. No data 0.7 1.20 9.16 4.92

Max. No data 0.7 12.14 69.36 34.23

Median No data 0.7 2.27 27.73 7.70

Mean No data 0.7 4.36 36.12 13.88

StdDev No data 0.0 4.60 23.55 12.10

101 Off 4 0.2 0.2 0.73 0.42

102 Off 4 0.2 0.58 2.88 1.77

103 Off 4 0.2 1.05 3.51 2.50

104 Off 4 0.2 0.31 6.33 2.59

105 Off 4 0.2 0.04 2.63 0.88

108 Off 4 0.2 -0.18 0.05 -0.11

110 Off 4 0.2 -0.45 0.10 -0.19

111 Off 4 0.2 -0.25 0.48 0.12

112 Off 4 0.2 -0.18 0.72 0.06

115 Off 4 0.2 -0.16 0.32 -0.01

118 Off 4 0.2 -0.07 5.05 1.50

122 Off 12 0.7 -0.52 2.77 1.34

123 Off 12 0.7 -0.01 6.10 2.63

124 Off 12 0.7 0.01 50.58 10.01

N 80 14 14 14 14

Min. No data 0.2 -0.52 0.05 -0.19

Max. No data 0.7 1.05 50.58 10.01

Median No data 0.2 -0.04 2.70 1.11

Mean No data 0.31 0.03 5.88 1.68

StdDev No data 0.21 0.41 13.05 2.61

EL No data No data No data No data 0.24

Effluent intake concentration 7.70

Pu-239, -240 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 12 0.3 -0.42 0.46 0.10

212 On 11 0.3 -0.47 0.30 -0.04

213 On 12 0.3 -0.37 0.89 0.03

214 On 12 0.3 -0.27 0.43 -0.05

215 On 12 0.3 -0.34 0.17 -0.03

N 59 5 5 5 5

Min. No data 0.3 -0.47 0.17 -0.05

Max. No data 0.3 -0.27 0.89 0.10

Median No data 0.3 -0.37 0.43 -0.03

Mean No data 0.3 -0.37 0.45 0.00

StdDev No data 0.0 0.08 0.27 0.06

101 Off 4 0.1 -0.14 0.02 -0.05

102 Off 4 0.1 -0.1 0.04 -0.05

103 Off 4 0.1 -0.02 0.04 0.01

104 Off 4 0.1 -0.07 0.03 -0.01

105 Off 4 0.1 -0.05 0.03 -0.01

108 Off 4 0.1 -0.04 0.04 -0.01

110 Off 4 0.1 -0.01 0.08 0.03

111 Off 4 0.1 -0.28 0.10 -0.05

112 Off 4 0.1 -0.09 0.09 -0.04

115 Off 4 0.1 -0.35 -0.02 -0.11

118 Off 4 0.1 -0.13 -0.01 -0.06

122 Off 12 0.3 -0.35 0.17 -0.08

123 Off 12 0.3 -0.3 0.33 0.01

124 Off 12 0.3 -0.51 0.27 -0.02

N 80 14 14 14 14

Min. No data 0.1 -0.51 -0.02 -0.11

Max. No data 0.3 -0.01 0.33 0.03

Median No data 0.1 -0.115 0.04 -0.03

Mean No data 0.143 -0.1743 0.09 -0.03

StdDev No data 0.085 0.155 0.10 0.04

EL No data No data No data No data 0.1

Effluent intake concentration 0.00

a. Source: EG&G and SAIC (1992).

b. BEL = below environmental level; EL = environmental (activity concentration) level; LDL = lower detection limit at 95% confidence level; No data = not applicable. 

c. Negative “Min.” values included as reported; however, these values should be interpreted as “BEL.”
ATTACHMENT D 

ENVIRONMENTAL AIR SAMPLING DATA FOR 1959 TO 1972 (continued)

Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 02 Effective Date: 07/02/2019 Page 95 of 111

Table D-20. Mound air monitoring data for 1992.

a,b

HTO incremental concentration (10-12 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 49 20 BEL 133.14 16.55

212 On 51 20 BEL 39.62 7.43

213 On 20 20 BEL 43.21 13.78

213R On 28 20 BEL 55.20 9.11

214 On 20 20 BEL 20.24 4.28

214R On 31 20 BEL 55.24 8.09

215 On 52 20 BEL 24.15 4.11

216 On 31 20 BEL 36.21 5.14

217 On 30 20 BEL 34.02 1.90

N 312 9 0 9 9

Min. No data 20 BEL 20.24 1.90

Max. No data 20 BEL 133.14 16.55

Median No data 20 No data 39.62 7.43

Mean No data 20 No data 49.00 7.82

StdDev No data 0 No data 33.75 4.77

101 Off 52 20 BEL 43.97 6.57

102 Off 49 20 BEL 39.71 8.74

103 Off 50 20 BEL 35.53 4.32

104 Off 51 20 BEL 40.54 2.86

105 Off 52 20 BEL 33.89 3.84

108 Off 52 20 BEL 25.69 0.27

110 Off 51 20 BEL 34.80 0.07

111 Off 51 20 BEL 18.01 BEL

112 Off 52 20 BEL 25.78 BEL

115 Off 48 20 BEL 17.61 BEL

118 Off 52 20 BEL 31.80 1.66

122 Off 51 20 BEL 27.83 3.31

123 Off 51 20 BEL 45.66 6.33

124 Off 50 20 BEL 59.39 5.65

N 712 14 0 14 11

Min. No data 20 BEL 17.61 0.07

Max. No data 20 BEL 59.39 8.74

Median No data 20 No data 34.35 3.84

Mean No data 20 No data 34.30 3.97

StdDev No data 0 No data 11.30 2.72

EL No data No data No data No data 6.59

Effluent intake concentration 7.43

Pu-238 concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 12 0.8 3.07 14.99 6.42

212 On 12 0.8 0.95 8.04 2.83

213 On 5 0.8 12.94 31.78 22.33

213R On 7 0.8 3.28 15.76 10.52

214 On 5 0.8 1.24 14.17 6.79

214R On 7 0.8 2.88 12.51 5.83

215 On 12 0.8 0.94 11.34 3.58

216 On 7 0.8 0.77 14.53 4.53

217 On 7 0.8 0.31 2.73 1.26

N 74 9 9 9 9

Min. No data 0.8 0.31 2.73 1.26

Max. No data 0.8 12.94 31.78 22.33

Median No data 0.8 1.24 14.17 5.83

Mean No data 0.8 2.93 13.98 7.12

StdDev No data 0.0 3.91 7.84 6.30

101 Off 4 0.5 BEL 0.70 0.32

102 Off 4 0.5 0.40 7.84 2.58

103 Off 4 0.5 1.05 2.62 1.77

104 Off 4 0.5 0.28 1.06 0.53

105 Off 4 0.5 BEL 0.58 0.27

108 Off 4 0.5 BEL 1.92 0.41

110 Off 4 0.5 BEL 1.26 0.24

111 Off 4 0.5 BEL 0.72 0.17

112 Off 4 0.5 BEL 1.01 0.46

115 Off 4 0.5 0.04 0.24 0.12

118 Off 4 0.5 0.11 1.67 0.68

122 Off 12 0.8 0.37 2.13 0.96

123 Off 12 0.8 1.09 4.81 2.55

124 Off 12 0.8 0.46 19.67 4.38

N 80 14 8 14 14

Min. No data 0.5 0.04 0.24 0.12

Max. No data 0.8 1.09 19.67 4.38

Median No data 0.5 0.39 1.47 0.50

Mean No data 0.56 0.48 3.30 1.10

StdDev No data 0.13 0.39 5.13 1.26

EL No data No data No data No data No data

Effluent intake concentration 5.83

Pu-239, -240 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 12 0.6 BEL 1.16 0.29

212 On 12 0.6 BEL 0.67 0.16

213 On 5 0.6 0.09 0.78 0.35

213R On 7 0.6 BEL 1.34 0.37

214 On 5 0.6 BEL 0.55 0.26

214R On 7 0.6 BEL 1.48 0.24

215 On 12 0.6 BEL 0.64 0.19

216 On 7 0.6 BEL 0.41 0.002

217 On 7 0.6 BEL 0.24 0.01

N 74 9 1 9 9

Min. No data 0.6 0.09 0.24 0.00

Max. No data 0.6 0.09 1.48 0.37

Median No data 0.6 No data 0.67 0.24

Mean No data 0.6 No data 0.81 0.21

StdDev No data 0.0 No data 0.43 0.13

101 Off 4 0.04 BEL 0.13 0.05

102 Off 4 0.04 0.07 0.11 0.09

103 Off 4 0.04 BEL 0.06 BEL

104 Off 4 0.04 0.01 0.10 0.06

105 Off 4 0.04 BEL 0.08 0.02

108 Off 4 0.04 BEL 0.08 0.03

110 Off 4 0.04 BEL 0.08 0.03

111 Off 4 0.04 BEL 0.03 0.01

112 Off 4 0.04 BEL 0.01 BEL

115 Off 4 0.04 BEL 0.13 0.03

118 Off 4 0.04 BEL 0.04 BEL

122 Off 12 0.6 BEL 0.40 0.11

123 Off 12 0.6 BEL 1.32 0.17

124 Off 12 0.6 BEL 1.36 0.15

N 80 14 2 14 11

Min. No data 0.04 0.01 0.01 0.01

Max. No data 0.6 0.07 1.36 0.17

Median No data 0.04 0.04 0.09 0.05

Mean No data 0.16 0.04 0.28 0.07

StdDev No data 0.238 0.0424 0.46 0.05

EL No data No data No data No data 0.05

Effluent intake concentration 0.24

a. Source: Bauer (1993).

b. BEL = below environmental level; EL = environmental (activity concentration) level; LDL = lower detection limit at 95% confidence level; No data = not applicable. 
ATTACHMENT D 

ENVIRONMENTAL AIR SAMPLING DATA FOR 1959 TO 1972 (continued)

Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 02 Effective Date: 07/02/2019 Page 96 of 111

Table D-21. Mound air monitoring data for 1993.

a,b

HTO incremental concentration (10-12 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 50 19 BEL 205.40 6.76

212 On 50 19 BEL 192.47 5.45

213R On 52 19 BEL 183.54 4.43

214R On 51 19 BEL 223.44 3.88

215 On 52 19 BEL 179.96 1.20

216 On 52 19 BEL 195.66 1.31

217 On 51 19 BEL 186.20 BEL

N 358 7 0 7 6

Min. No data 19 BEL 179.96 1.20

Max. No data 19 BEL 223.44 6.76

Median No data 19 No data 192.47 4.16

Mean No data 19 No data 195.24 3.84

StdDev No data 0 No data 15.05 2.23

101 Off 51 19 BEL 188.92 3.38

102 Off 51 19 BEL 202.45 4.40

103 Off 50 19 BEL 226.90 1.19

104 Off 51 19 BEL 201.15 BEL

105 Off 49 19 BEL 217.19 BEL

108 Off 51 19 BEL 252.41 BEL

110 Off 51 19 BEL 210.32 BEL

111 Off 51 19 BEL 264.65 BEL

112 Off 50 19 BEL 199.57 BEL

115 Off 51 19 BEL 218.53 BEL

118 Off 49 19 BEL 203.49 1.29

122 Off 51 19 BEL 227.59 1.15

123 Off 52 19 BEL 545.60 4.82

124 Off 50 19 BEL 176.27 2.00

N 708 14 0 14 7

Min. No data 19 BEL 176.27 1.15

Max. No data 19 BEL 545.60 4.82

Median No data 19 No data 213.76 2.00

Mean No data 19 No data 238.22 2.60

StdDev No data 0 No data 91.51 1.58

EL No data No data No data No data 12.2

Effluent intake concentration 4.16

Pu-238 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 12 0.2 2.16 13.11 6.04

212 On 12 0.2 1.21 24.57 8.51

213R On 12 0.2 10.86 86.49 41.45

214R On 12 0.2 1.03 18.54 7.10

215 On 12 0.2 1.41 6.60 3.41

216 On 12 0.2 2.35 117.49 21.61

217 On 12 0.2 0.58 12.93 2.78

N 84 7 7 7 7

Min. No data 0.2 0.58 6.60 2.78

Max. No data 0.2 10.86 117.49 41.45

Median No data 0.2 1.41 18.54 7.10

Mean No data 0.2 2.80 39.96 12.99

StdDev No data 0.0 3.61 43.66 14.04

101 Off 4 0.06 0.65 24.08 7.01

102 Off 4 0.06 1.51 7.63 3.76

103 Off 4 0.06 1.66 4.56 3.22

104 Off 4 0.06 0.56 6.63 2.19

105 Off 4 0.06 0.48 1.76 1.19

108 Off 4 0.06 BEL 0.06 BEL

110 Off 4 0.06 BEL 0.04 BEL

111 Off 4 0.06 0.02 0.48 0.15

112 Off 4 0.06 0.06 0.31 0.18

115 Off 4 0.06 BEL 0.58 0.11

118 Off 4 0.06 0.63 3.28 1.95

122 Off 12 0.2 0.29 2.53 1.07

123 Off 12 0.2 2.00 12.13 5.90

124 Off 12 0.2 0.62 27.55 6.52

N 80 14 11 14 12

Min. No data 0.06 0.02 0.04 0.11

Max. No data 0.20 2.00 27.55 7.01

Median No data 0.06 0.62 2.91 2.07

Mean No data 0.09 0.77 6.54 2.77

StdDev No data 0.06 0.66 8.90 2.52

EL No data No data No data No data 0.07

Effluent intake concentration 7.10

Pu-239, -240 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 12 0.2 BEL 1.78 0.38

212 On 12 0.2 BEL 1.82 0.58

213R On 12 0.2 0.17 4.18 1.33

214R On 12 0.2 BEL 1.12 0.39

215 On 12 0.2 BEL 0.96 0.30

216 On 12 0.2 0.08 6.60 1.15

217 On 12 0.2 BEL 1.26 0.26

N 84 7 2 7 7

Min. No data 0.2 0.08 0.96 0.26

Max. No data 0.2 0.17 6.60 1.33

Median No data 0.2 0.13 1.78 0.39

Mean No data 0.2 0.13 2.53 0.63

StdDev No data 0.0 0.06 2.10 0.43

101 Off 4 0.08 BEL 0.05 BEL

102 Off 4 0.08 0.03 0.30 0.19

103 Off 4 0.08 BEL 0.34 0.12

104 Off 4 0.08 0.01 0.63 0.19

105 Off 3 0.08 BEL 0.18 0.10

108 Off 4 0.08 0.03 0.41 0.15

110 Off 4 0.08 BEL 0.75 0.14

111 Off 4 0.08 BEL 0.06 0.03

112 Off 4 0.08 0.03 0.08 0.05

115 Off 4 0.08 BEL 0.08 0.03

118 Off 4 0.08 BEL 0.38 0.08

122 Off 12 0.2 BEL 0.71 0.15

123 Off 12 0.2 BEL 0.77 0.24

124 Off 12 0.2 BEL 0.51 0.22

N 79 14 4 14 13

Min. No data 0.08 0.01 0.05 0.03

Max. No data 0.20 0.03 0.77 0.24

Median No data 0.08 0.03 0.36 0.14

Mean No data 0.11 0.03 0.38 0.13

StdDev No data 0.05 0.01 0.27 0.07

EL No data No data No data No data 0.09

Effluent intake concentration 0.39

a. Source: EG&G (1994).

b. BEL = below environmental level; EL = environmental (activity concentration) level; LDL = lower detection limit at 95% confidence level; No data = not applicable. 
ATTACHMENT D 

ENVIRONMENTAL AIR SAMPLING DATA FOR 1959 TO 1972 (continued)

Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 02 Effective Date: 07/02/2019 Page 97 of 111

Table D-22. Mound air monitoring data for 1994.

a,b

HTO incremental concentration (10-12 μCi/mL)

Locationc Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 51 35 BEL 44.27 7.54

211T On No data No data No data No data No data

212 On 50 28 BEL 47.88 4.82

212T On No data No data No data No data No data

213R On 50 28 BEL 24.29 3.55

213RT On No data No data No data No data No data

214R On 48 28 BEL 30.75 4.29

214RT On No data No data No data No data No data

215 On 48 28 BEL 26.40 3.69

215T On No data No data No data No data No data

216 On 49 28 BEL 23.71 1.97

216T On No data No data No data No data No data

217 On 49 28 BEL 42.48 2.11

217T On No data No data No data No data No data

N 345 7 0 7 7

Min. No data 28 BEL 23.71 1.97

Max. No data 35 BEL 47.88 7.54

Median No data 28 No data 30.75 3.69

Mean No data 29 No data 34.25 4.00

StdDev No data 2.65 No data 10.31 1.88

101 Off 48 23 BEL 61.51 5.96

102 Off 50 23 BEL 28.22 4.90

103 Off 50 23 BEL 26.34 2.14

104 Off 52 23 BEL 26.31 1.98

105 Off 51 23 BEL 25.35 1.25

108 Off 50 23 BEL 34.27 0.74

110 Off 50 23 BEL 23.85 0.52

111 Off 48 23 BEL 29.03 BEL

112 Off 50 23 BEL 36.66 2.09

115 Off 51 23 BEL 28.99 0.75

118 Off 48 23 BEL 28.98 0.75

122 Off 51 23 BEL 35.15 3.37

123 Off 50 23 BEL 33.36 5.65

124 Off 50 23 BEL 40.51 8.09

N 699 14 0 14 13

Min. No data 23 BEL 23.85 0.52

Max. No data 23 BEL 61.51 8.09

Median No data 23 No data 29.01 2.09

Mean No data 23 No data 32.75 2.94

StdDev No data 0 No data 9.57 2.46

EL No data No data No data No data 3.22

Effluent intake concentration 3.69

Pu-238 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 12 0.12 2.40 23.56 8.28

211T On 12 0.12 1.76 15.78 6.63

212 On 12 0.12 1.85 18.17 7.21

212T On 12 0.12 3.07 17.16 7.37

213R On 12 0.12 29.57 1,994.6 354.26

213RT On 12 0.12 8.64 1,292.2 259.65

214R On 12 0.12 2.52 11.22 5.55

214RT On 12 0.12 1.85 11.27 5.50

215 On 12 0.12 0.20 5.20 2.56

215T On 12 0.12 0.85 73.19 9.17

216 On 12 0.12 0.64 30.53 11.27

216T On 12 0.12 1.05 29.99 8.36

217 On 12 0.12 0.40 6.89 2.59

217T On 12 0.12 0.20 21.90 4.28

N 168 14 14 14 14

Min. No data 0.12 0.2 5.20 2.56

Max. No data 0.12 29.57 1994.60 354.26

Median No data 0.12 1.805 20.04 7.29

Mean No data 0.12 3.92857 253.69 49.48

StdDev No data 0 7.68072 604.89 110.68

101 Off 4 0.03 0.52 1.27 0.81

102 Off 4 0.03 1.96 6.92 4.42

103 Off 4 0.03 1.68 7.63 3.60

104 Off 4 0.03 0.82 3.51 1.85

105 Off 4 0.03 0.11 0.43 0.32

108 Off 4 0.03 BEL 2.10 0.60

110 Off 4 0.03 BEL 0.34 0.07

111 Off 4 0.03 0.11 0.20 0.16

112 Off 4 0.03 0.16 0.39 0.26

115 Off 4 0.03 0.05 0.14 0.10

118 Off 4 0.03 0.66 1.10 0.86

122 Off 12 0.12 0.32 2.20 1.37

123 Off 12 0.12 1.48 8.40 4.12

124 Off 12 0.12 2.44 47.32 13.19

N 80 14 12 14 14

Min. No data 0.03 0.05 0.14 0.07

Max. No data 0.12 2.44 47.32 13.19

Median No data 0.03 0.59 1.69 0.84

Mean No data 0.05 0.86 5.85 2.27

StdDev No data 0.04 0.82 12.28 3.50

EL No data No data No data No data 0.05

Effluent intake concentration 7.29

Pu-239, -240 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 12 0.2 BEL 1.31 0.44

211T On 12 0.2 BEL 1.47 0.34

212 On 12 0.2 BEL 0.92 0.26

212T On 12 0.2 BEL 0.73 0.25

213R On 12 0.2 0.06 14.14 3.50

213RT On 12 0.2 0.47 6.71 2.14

214R On 12 0.2 BEL 1.05 0.32

214RT On 12 0.2 BEL 1.02 0.30

215 On 12 0.2 BEL 0.71 0.17

215T On 12 0.2 BEL 1.76 0.28

216 On 12 0.2 BEL 1.19 0.42

216T On 12 0.2 BEL 0.92 0.35

217 On 12 0.2 BEL 0.84 0.15

217T On 12 0.2 BEL 0.30 0.10

N 168 14 2 14 14

Min. No data 0.2 0.06 0.30 0.10

Max. No data 0.2 0.47 14.14 3.50

Median No data 0.2 0.265 1.04 0.31

Mean No data 0.2 0.265 2.36 0.64

StdDev No data 3E–09 0.2899 3.73 0.96

101 Off 4 0.05 0.10 0.38 0.19

102 Off 4 0.05 BEL 0.74 0.32

103 Off 4 0.05 BEL 0.12 0.04

104 Off 4 0.05 BEL 0.08 0.03

105 Off 4 0.05 BEL 0.05 0.01

108 Off 4 0.05 0.03 0.95 0.28

110 Off 4 0.05 BEL 0.13 0.05

111 Off 4 0.05 BEL 0.60 0.18

112 Off 4 0.05 BEL 0.15 0.04

115 Off 4 0.05 BEL 0.16 0.05

118 Off 4 0.05 BEL 0.26 0.06

122 Off 12 0.2 BEL 0.32 0.11

123 Off 12 0.2 BEL 0.83 0.21

124 Off 12 0.2 BEL 1.61 0.44

N 80 14 2 14 14

Min. No data 0.05 0.03 0.05 0.01

Max. No data 0.20 0.10 1.61 0.44

Median No data 0.05 0.07 0.29 0.09

Mean No data 0.08 0.07 0.46 0.14

StdDev No data 0.06 0.05 0.45 0.13

EL No data No data No data No data 0.07

Effluent intake concentration 0.31

a. Source: EG&G (1995b).

b. BEL = below environmental level; EL = environmental (activity concentration) level; LDL = lower detection limit at 95% confidence level; No data = not applicable. 

c. T indicates 2-m sampling height.
ATTACHMENT D 

ENVIRONMENTAL AIR SAMPLING DATA FOR 1959 TO 1972 (continued)

Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 02 Effective Date: 07/02/2019 Page 98 of 111

Table D-23. Mound air monitoring data for 1995.

a,b

HTO incremental concentration (10-12 μCi/mL)

Locationc Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 51 35 BEL 44.27 7.54

211T On No data No data No data No data No data

212 On 50 28 BEL 47.88 4.82

212T On No data No data No data No data No data

213R On 50 28 BEL 24.29 3.55

213RT On No data No data No data No data No data

214R On 48 28 BEL 30.75 4.29

214RT On No data No data No data No data No data

215 On 48 28 BEL 26.40 3.69

215T On No data No data No data No data No data

216 On 49 28 BEL 23.71 1.97

216T On No data No data No data No data No data

217 On 49 28 BEL 42.48 2.11

217T On No data No data No data No data No data

N 345 7 0 7 7

Min. No data 28 BEL 23.71 1.97

Max. No data 35 BEL 47.88 7.54

Median No data 28 No data 30.75 3.69

Mean No data 29 No data 34.25 4.00

StdDev No data 2.65 No data 10.31 1.88

101 Off 48 23 BEL 61.51 5.96

102 Off 50 23 BEL 28.22 4.90

103 Off 50 23 BEL 26.34 2.14

104 Off 52 23 BEL 26.31 1.98

105 Off 51 23 BEL 25.35 1.25

108 Off 50 23 BEL 34.27 0.74

110 Off 50 23 BEL 23.85 0.52

111 Off 48 23 BEL 29.03 BEL

112 Off 50 23 BEL 36.66 2.09

115 Off 51 23 BEL 28.99 0.75

118 Off 48 23 BEL 28.98 0.75

122 Off 51 23 BEL 35.15 3.37

123 Off 50 23 BEL 33.36 5.65

124 Off 50 23 BEL 40.51 8.09

N 699 14 0 14 13

Min. No data 23 BEL 23.85 0.52

Max. No data 23 BEL 61.51 8.09

Median No data 23 No data 29.01 2.09

Mean No data 23 No data 32.75 2.94

StdDev No data 0 No data 9.57 2.46

EL No data No data No data No data 3.22

Effluent intake concentration 3.69

Pu-238 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 12 0.12 2.40 23.56 8.28

211T On 12 0.12 1.76 15.78 6.63

212 On 12 0.12 1.85 18.17 7.21

212T On 12 0.12 3.07 17.16 7.37

213R On 12 0.12 29.57 1,994.6 354.26

213RT On 12 0.12 8.64 1,292.2 259.65

214R On 12 0.12 2.52 11.22 5.55

214RT On 12 0.12 1.85 11.27 5.50

215 On 12 0.12 0.20 5.20 2.56

215T On 12 0.12 0.85 73.19 9.17

216 On 12 0.12 0.64 30.53 11.27

216T On 12 0.12 1.05 29.99 8.36

217 On 12 0.12 0.40 6.89 2.59

217T On 12 0.12 0.20 21.90 4.28

N 168 14 14 14 14

Min. No data 0.12 0.2 5.20 2.56

Max. No data 0.12 29.57 1994.60 354.26

Median No data 0.12 1.805 20.04 7.29

Mean No data 0.12 3.92857 253.69 49.48

StdDev No data 0 7.68072 604.89 110.68

101 Off 4 0.03 0.52 1.27 0.81

102 Off 4 0.03 1.96 6.92 4.42

103 Off 4 0.03 1.68 7.63 3.60

104 Off 4 0.03 0.82 3.51 1.85

105 Off 4 0.03 0.11 0.43 0.32

108 Off 4 0.03 BEL 2.10 0.60

110 Off 4 0.03 BEL 0.34 0.07

111 Off 4 0.03 0.11 0.20 0.16

112 Off 4 0.03 0.16 0.39 0.26

115 Off 4 0.03 0.05 0.14 0.10

118 Off 4 0.03 0.66 1.10 0.86

122 Off 12 0.12 0.32 2.20 1.37

123 Off 12 0.12 1.48 8.40 4.12

124 Off 12 0.12 2.44 47.32 13.19

N 80 14 12 14 14

Min. No data 0.03 0.05 0.14 0.07

Max. No data 0.12 2.44 47.32 13.19

Median No data 0.03 0.59 1.69 0.84

Mean No data 0.05 0.86 5.85 2.27

StdDev No data 0.04 0.82 12.28 3.50

EL No data No data No data No data 0.05

Effluent intake concentration 7.29

Pu-239, -240 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 12 0.2 BEL 1.31 0.44

211T On 12 0.2 BEL 1.47 0.34

212 On 12 0.2 BEL 0.92 0.26

212T On 12 0.2 BEL 0.73 0.25

213R On 12 0.2 0.06 14.14 3.50

213RT On 12 0.2 0.47 6.71 2.14

214R On 12 0.2 BEL 1.05 0.32

214RT On 12 0.2 BEL 1.02 0.30

215 On 12 0.2 BEL 0.71 0.17

215T On 12 0.2 BEL 1.76 0.28

216 On 12 0.2 BEL 1.19 0.42

216T On 12 0.2 BEL 0.92 0.35

217 On 12 0.2 BEL 0.84 0.15

217T On 12 0.2 BEL 0.30 0.10

N 168 14 2 14 14

Min. No data 0.2 0.06 0.30 0.10

Max. No data 0.2 0.47 14.14 3.50

Median No data 0.2 0.265 1.04 0.31

Mean No data 0.2 0.265 2.36 0.64

StdDev No data 3E–09 0.2899 3.73 0.96

101 Off 4 0.05 0.10 0.38 0.19

102 Off 4 0.05 BEL 0.74 0.32

103 Off 4 0.05 BEL 0.12 0.04

104 Off 4 0.05 BEL 0.08 0.03

105 Off 4 0.05 BEL 0.05 0.01

108 Off 4 0.05 0.03 0.95 0.28

110 Off 4 0.05 BEL 0.13 0.05

111 Off 4 0.05 BEL 0.60 0.18

112 Off 4 0.05 BEL 0.15 0.04

115 Off 4 0.05 BEL 0.16 0.05

118 Off 4 0.05 BEL 0.26 0.06

122 Off 12 0.2 BEL 0.32 0.11

123 Off 12 0.2 BEL 0.83 0.21

124 Off 12 0.2 BEL 1.61 0.44

N 80 14 2 14 14

Min. No data 0.05 0.03 0.05 0.01

Max. No data 0.20 0.10 1.61 0.44

Median No data 0.05 0.07 0.29 0.09

Mean No data 0.08 0.07 0.46 0.14

StdDev No data 0.06 0.05 0.45 0.13

EL No data No data No data No data 0.07

Effluent intake concentration 0.31

a. Source: EG&G (1995b),

b. BEL = below environmental level; EL = environmental (activity concentration) level; LDL = lower detection limit at 95% confidence level; No data = not applicable. 

c. T indicates 2-m sampling height.
ATTACHMENT D 

ENVIRONMENTAL AIR SAMPLING DATA FOR 1959 TO 1972 (continued)

Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 02 Effective Date: 07/02/2019 Page 99 of 111

Table D-24. Mound air monitoring data for 1996.

a,b

HTO incremental concentration (10-12 μCi/mL)

Locationc Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 52 35 BEL 32.51 9.43

211T On No data No data No data No data No data

212 On 51 30 BEL 114.80 9.12

212T On No data No data No data No data No data

213R On 50 30 BEL 50.07 9.16

213RT On No data No data No data No data No data

214R On 50 30 BEL 25.45 6.94

214RT On No data No data No data No data No data

215 On 52 30 BEL 20.26 5.55

215T On No data No data No data No data No data

216 On 52 30 BEL 27.29 5.77

216T On No data No data No data No data No data

217 On 49 30 BEL 23.62 4.89

217T On No data No data No data No data No data

N 356 7 0 7 7

Min. No data 30 BEL 20.26 4.89

Max. No data 35 BEL 114.80 9.43

Median No data 30 No data 27.29 6.94

Mean No data 30.7 No data 42.00 7.27

StdDev No data 1.9 No data 33.56 1.94

101 Off 49 23 BEL 41.76 5.09

102 Off 52 23 BEL 129.01 9.45

103 Off 52 23 BEL 41.84 4.73

104 Off 52 23 BEL 23.05 4.44

105 Off 51 23 BEL 24.41 6.02

108 Off 51 23 BEL 17.42 1.75

110 Off 52 23 BEL 19.69 0.80

111 Off 52 23 BEL 22.61 0.99

112 Off 52 23 BEL 22.97 2.07

115 Off 52 23 BEL 16.73 1.62

118 Off 52 23 BEL 18.43 3.16

122 Off 51 23 BEL 23.22 3.81

123 Off 52 23 BEL 24.33 6.82

124 Off 50 23 BEL 33.85 5.69

CLN 11 23 BEL 17.16 3.86

CLS 11 23 BEL 15.83 4.17

N 742 16 0 16 16

Min. No data 23 BEL 15.83 0.80

Max. No data 23 BEL 129.01 9.45

Median No data 23 No data 23.01 4.02

Mean No data 23 No data 30.77 4.03

StdDev No data 0 No data 27.43 2.32

EL No data No data No data No data 4.64

Effluent intake concentration 6.94

Pu-238 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 12 0.5 2.34 13.28 5.42

211T On 12 0.5 1.50 12.68 4.27

212 On 12 0.5 1.37 20.01 5.76

212T On 12 0.5 0.78 10.42 4.05

213R On 12 0.5 33.35 216.55 89.12

213RT On 12 0.5 17.08 205.52 65.86

214R On 12 0.5 1.12 65.17 17.12

214RT On 12 0.5 1.81 95.57 20.59

215 On 12 0.5 1.06 124.83 27.64

215T On 12 0.5 1.25 236.86 51.59

216 On 12 0.5 1.04 13.70 5.03

216T On 12 0.5 1.18 13.99 6.12

217 On 12 0.5 0.18 4.51 1.43

217T On 12 0.5 0.34 6.19 1.69

N 168 14 14 14 14

Min. No data 0.5 0.18 4.51 1.43

Max. No data 0.5 33.35 236.86 89.12

Median No data 0.5 1.22 17.00 5.94

Mean No data 0.5 4.60 74.23 21.84

StdDev No data 0.0 9.31 86.97 27.61

101 Off 4 0.4 0.03 0.38 0.25

102 Off 4 0.4 0.64 18.58 5.86

103 Off 4 0.4 1.13 3.87 2.32

104 Off 4 0.4 0.33 2.79 1.22

105 Off 4 0.4 0.00 0.37 0.19

108 Off 4 0.4 BEL 0.07 BEL

110 Off 4 0.4 BEL 0.35 0.06

111 Off 4 0.4 BEL 0.24 0.12

112 Off 4 0.4 BEL 0.29 0.13

115 Off 4 0.4 BEL 0.06 BEL

118 Off 4 0.4 0.04 3.22 1.18

122 Off 12 0.5 0.09 3.70 1.07

123 Off 12 0.5 1.10 45.95 14.83

124 Off 12 0.5 0.89 24.40 6.45

CLN 3 0.4 0.92 4.34 2.26

CLS 3 0.4 1.62 8.27 3.91

N 86 16 11 16 14

Min. No data 0.4 0.00 0.06 0.06

Max. No data 0.5 1.62 45.95 14.83

Median No data 0.4 0.64 3.01 1.20

Mean No data 0.42 0.62 7.31 2.85

StdDev No data 0.04 0.56 12.47 4.04

EL No data No data No data No data No data

Effluent intake concentration 5.94

Pu-239, -240 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 12 0.4 BEL 0.52 BEL

211T On 12 0.4 BEL 0.62 BEL

212 On 12 0.4 BEL 1.00 0.001

212T On 12 0.4 BEL 0.12 BEL

213R On 12 0.4 BEL 1.46 0.18

213RT On 12 0.4 BEL 0.71 0.04

214R On 12 0.4 BEL 19.16 1.49

214RT On 12 0.4 BEL 3.90 0.35

215 On 12 0.4 BEL 0.29 0.01

215T On 12 0.4 BEL 1.46 0.18

216 On 12 0.4 BEL 1.18 0.08

216T On 12 0.4 BEL 0.21 BEL

217 On 12 0.4 BEL 0.38 BEL

217T On 12 0.4 BEL 1.35 0.01

N 168 14 0 14 9

Min. No data 0.4 BEL 0.12 0.00

Max. No data 0.4 BEL 19.16 1.49

Median No data 0.4 No data 0.86 0.08

Mean No data 0.4 No data 2.31 0.26

StdDev No data 0.0 No data 4.94 0.48

101 Off 4 0.2 BEL 1.71 0.62

102 Off 4 0.2 BEL 1.48 0.47

103 Off 4 0.2 BEL 0.07 BEL

104 Off 4 0.2 BEL 0.28 0.01

105 Off 4 0.2 BEL 0.15 BEL

108 Off 4 0.2 BEL 0.60 0.07

110 Off 4 0.2 BEL 0.27 0.04

111 Off 4 0.2 BEL BEL BEL

112 Off 4 0.2 BEL 0.80 0.03

115 Off 4 0.2 BEL 0.56 0.13

118 Off 4 0.2 BEL 0.66 0.22

122 Off 12 0.4 BEL BEL BEL

123 Off 12 0.4 BEL 1.61 0.11

124 Off 12 0.4 BEL 1.52 BEL

CLN 3 0.2 BEL BEL BEL

CLS 3 0.2 BEL BEL BEL

N 86 16 0 12 9

Min. No data 0.2 BEL 0.07 0.01

Max. No data 0.4 BEL 1.71 0.62

Median No data 0.2 No data 0.63 0.11

Mean No data 0.24 No data 0.81 0.19

StdDev No data 0.08 No data 0.61 0.21

EL No data No data No data No data 0.25

Effluent intake concentration 0.08

a. Source: EG&G (1997).

b. BEL = below environmental level; EL = environmental (activity concentration) level; LDL = lower detection limit at 95% confidence level; No data = not applicable. 

c. T indicates 2-m sampling height.
ATTACHMENT D 

ENVIRONMENTAL AIR SAMPLING DATA FOR 1959 TO 1972 (continued)

Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 02 Effective Date: 07/02/2019 Page 100 of 111

Table D-25. Mound air monitoring data for 1997.

a,b

HTO incremental concentration (10-12 μCi/mL)

Locationc Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 49 35 BEL 27.08 9.04

212 On 53 31 BEL 80.13 11.80

213 On 53 31 BEL 39.75 9.93

214 On 53 31 BEL 35.32 7.19

215 On 32 31 BEL 26.76 6.30

215T On No data No data No data No data No data

216 On 53 31 BEL 18.24 5.77

217 On 49 31 BEL 18.92 1.97

N 342 7 0 7 7

Min. No data 31 BEL 18.24 1.97

Max. No data 35 BEL 80.13 11.80

Median No data 31 No data 27.08 7.19

Mean No data 31.6 No data 35.17 7.43

StdDev No data 1.5 No data 21.33 3.21

101 Off 51 22 BEL 40.64 3.08

102 Off 52 22 BEL 51.14 6.51

103 Off 52 22 BEL 59.79 4.93

104 Off 52 22 BEL 26.96 2.93

105 Off 49 22 BEL 43.57 3.44

111 Off 51 22 BEL 37.57 2.04

112 Off 52 22 BEL 24.08 1.03

115 Off 49 22 BEL 22.99 0.13

118 Off 52 22 BEL 39.67 1.92

122 Off 51 22 BEL 30.73 4.03

123 Off 51 22 BEL 41.64 6.11

124 Off 50 22 BEL 41.56 8.58

CLN Off 52 22 BEL 27.25 2.02

CLS Off 50 22 BEL 31.15 3.65

N 714 14 0 14 14

Min. No data 22 BEL 22.99 0.13

Max. No data 22 BEL 59.79 8.58

Median No data 22 No data 38.62 3.26

Mean No data 22 No data 37.05 3.60

StdDev No data 0 No data 10.59 2.30

EL No data No data No data No data 5.74

Effluent intake concentration 7.19

Pu-238 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 12 0.5 2.17 33.50 9.31

212 On 12 0.5 1.25 5.19 3.02

213 On 12 0.5 2.89 141.76 33.35

214 On 12 0.5 5.85 56.08 31.89

215 On 9 0.5 22.54 81.56 44.66

215T On 9 0.5 41.38 98.76 57.70

216 On 12 0.5 1.58 9.87 3.54

217 On 12 0.5 0.12 1.93 0.80

N 90 8 8 8 8

Min. No data 0.5 0.12 1.93 0.80

Max. No data 0.5 41.38 141.76 57.70

Median No data 0.5 2.53 44.79 20.60

Mean No data 0.5 9.7225 53.58 23.03

StdDev No data 0.0 14.7 50.61 21.77

101 Off 4 0.2 0.26 0.60 0.44

102 Off 4 0.2 1.00 6.69 3.26

103 Off 4 0.2 0.76 2.26 1.38

104 Off 12 0.5 0.09 2.27 0.75

105 Off 4 0.2 0.27 0.83 0.45

111 Off 4 0.2 BEL 0.18 0.50

112 Off 4 0.2 0.22 0.51 0.37

115 Off 4 0.2 BEL 0.84 0.15

118 Off 4 0.2 0.12 0.44 0.27

122 Off 12 0.5 BEL 19.58 4.33

123 Off 12 0.5 6.37 318.17 65.59

124 Off 12 0.5 1.02 9.33 3.98

CLN Off 12 0.5 0.66 44.34 14.26

CLS Off 12 0.5 1.65 28.30 11.92

N 104 14 11 14 14

Min. No data 0.2 0.09 0.18 0.15

Max. No data 0.5 6.37 318.17 65.59

Median No data 0.2 0.66 2.27 1.07

Mean No data 0.33 1.13 31.02 7.69

StdDev No data 0.15 1.80 83.69 17.25

EL No data No data No data No data 0.06

Effluent intake concentration 20.60

Pu-239, -240 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 12 0.3 BEL 0.20 BEL

212 On 12 0.3 BEL BEL BEL

213 On 12 0.3 BEL 0.85 BEL

214 On 12 0.3 BEL 0.10 BEL

215 On 9 0.3 BEL 0.33 BEL

215T On 8 0.3 BEL 0.25 BEL

216 On 12 0.3 BEL BEL BEL

217 On 12 0.3 BEL 0.31 BEL

N 89 8 0 6 0

Min. No data 0.3 BEL 0.10 BEL

Max. No data 0.3 BEL 0.85 BEL

Median No data 0.3 No data 0.28 No data

Mean No data 0.3 No data 0.34 No data

StdDev No data 0.0 No data 0.26 No data

101 Off 4 0.1 BEL BEL BEL

102 Off 4 0.1 BEL 1.31 BEL

103 Off 4 0.1 BEL BEL BEL

104 Off 4 0.1 BEL 0.09 BEL

105 Off 4 0.1 BEL 0.45 0.14

111 Off 4 0.1 BEL 1.27 0.06

112 Off 4 0.1 BEL BEL BEL

115 Off 4 0.1 BEL BEL BEL

118 Off 4 0.1 BEL 0.79 BEL

122 Off 12 0.3 BEL 1.67 BEL

123 Off 12 0.3 BEL 0.65 BEL

124 Off 12 0.3 BEL 0.09 BEL

CLN Off 12 0.3 BEL 0.58 BEL

CLS Off 12 0.3 BEL 0.22 BEL

N 96 14 0 10 2

Min. No data 0.1 BEL 0.09 0.06

Max. No data 0.3 BEL 1.67 0.14

Median No data 0.1 No data 0.62 0.10

Mean No data 0.17 No data 0.71 0.10

StdDev No data 0.10 No data 0.55 0.06

EL No data No data No data No data 0.43

Effluent intake concentration 0.00
ATTACHMENT D 

ENVIRONMENTAL AIR SAMPLING DATA FOR 1959 TO 1972 (continued)

Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 02 Effective Date: 07/02/2019 Page 101 of 111

Th-228 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

213 On 12 0.7 BEL 8.25 1.61

215T On 9 0.7 1.12 11.57 4.38

216 On 12 0.7 BEL 4.8 BEL

N 33 3 1 3 2

Min. No data 0.7 1.12 4.80 1.61

Max. No data 0.7 1.12 11.57 4.38

Median No data 0.7 No data 8.25 3.00

Mean No data 0.7 No data 8.21 3.00

StdDev No data 0.0 No data 3.39 1.96

124 Off 12 0.7 BEL 10.63 1.53

N 12 1 0 1 1

Min. No data 0.7 BEL 10.63 1.53

Max. No data 0.7 BEL 10.63 1.53

Median No data No data No data No data No data

Mean No data No data No data No data No data

StdDev No data No data No data No data No data

EL No data No data No data No data 7.37

Effluent intake concentration 3.00

Th-230 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

213 On 12 1.1 BEL 13.6 2.77

215T On 9 1.1 BEL 17.5 6.17

216 On 12 1.1 BEL 7.87 BEL

N 33 3 0 3 2

Min. No data 1.1 BEL 7.87 2.77

Max. No data 1.1 BEL 17.5 6.17

Median No data 1.1 No data 13.6 4.47

Mean No data 1.1 No data 13 4.47

StdDev No data 0.0 No data 4.85 2.4

124 Off 12 1.1 BEL 14.2 2.37

N 12 0 0 1 1

Min. No data BEL BEL 14.2 2.37

Max. No data BEL BEL 14.2 2.37

Median No data No data

Mean No data No data

StdDev No data No data

EL No data No data No data No data 8.3

Effluent intake concentration 4.47

Th-232 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

213 On 12 0.6 BEL 5.10 0.21

215T On 9 0.6 BEL 10.04 4.07

216 On 12 0.6 BEL 5.68 BEL

N 33 3 0 3 2

Min. No data 0.6 BEL 5.10 0.21

Max. No data 0.6 BEL 10.04 4.07

Median No data 0.6 No data 5.68 2.14

Mean No data 0.6 No data 6.94 2.14

StdDev No data 0.0 No data 2.70 2.73

124 Off 12 0.6 BEL 10.35 0.45

N 12 1 0 1 1

Min. No data 0.6 BEL 10.35 0.45

Max. No data 0.6 BEL 10.35 0.45

Median No data No data No data No data No data

Mean No data No data No data No data No data

StdDev No data No data No data No data No data

EL No data No data No data 6.57 6.52

Effluent intake concentration 2.14

a. Source: BWXT (1998).

b. BEL = below environmental level; CLN = center line north; CLS = center line south; EL = environmental (activity concentration) level; LDL = lower detection limit at 95% confidence level; No data = not applicable; 

StdDev = standard deviation.

c. T indicates 2-m sampling height.
ATTACHMENT D 

ENVIRONMENTAL AIR SAMPLING DATA FOR 1959 TO 1972 (continued)

Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 02 Effective Date: 07/02/2019 Page 102 of 111

Table D-26. Mound air monitoring data for 1998.

a,b

HTO incremental concentration (10-12 μCi/mL)

Locationc Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 51 33 BEL 38.17 12.72

212 On 51 30 BEL 64.83 13.44

213 On 51 30 BEL 37.93 9.93

214 On 51 30 BEL 31.19 10.19

215 On 52 30 BEL 40.71 10.38

215T On No data No data No data No data No data

216 On 49 30 BEL 27.28 7.95

217 On 50 30 BEL 30.34 6.69

218 On 24 30 BEL 44.72 8.45

N 379 8 0 8 8

Min. No data 30 BEL 27.28 6.69

Max. No data 33 BEL 64.83 13.44

Median No data 30 No data 38.05 10.06

Mean No data 30.4 No data 39.40 9.97

StdDev No data 1.1 No data 11.81 2.30

101 Off 51 28 BEL 61.37 8.09

102 Off 51 28 BEL 89.10 11.57

103 Off 50 28 BEL 41.06 6.96

104 Off 51 28 BEL 36.58 8.53

105 Off 51 28 BEL 42.56 4.12

111 Off 51 28 BEL 31.25 2.08

112 Off 51 28 BEL 25.85 5.32

115 Off 49 28 BEL 28.88 4.65

118 Off 51 28 BEL 37.41 5.91

122 Off 19 28 BEL 20.64 3.23

123 Off 9 28 BEL 10.00 3.87

124 Off 51 28 BEL 47.12 11.36

CLN Off 39 28 BEL 57.13 5.60

CLS Off 21 28 BEL 35.09 7.64

N 595 14 0 14 14

Min. No data 28 BEL 10.00 2.08

Max. No data 28 BEL 89.10 11.57

Median No data 28 No data 37.00 5.76

Mean No data 28 No data 40.29 6.35

StdDev No data 0 No data 19.49 2.85

EL No data No data No data BEL 3.68

Effluent intake concentration 10.06

Pu-238 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 12 1.0 BEL 7.13 1.69

212 On 12 1.0 BEL 1.66 BEL

213 On 12 1.0 BEL 13.33 5.38

214 On 12 1.0 BEL 24.22 7.60

215 On 12 1.0 BEL 15.65 4.84

215T On 12 1.0 BEL 20.83 5.69

216 On 12 1.0 BEL 12.28 0.06

217 On 12 1.0 BEL BEL BEL

218 On 6 1.0 BEL 1.72 BEL

N 102 9 0 8 6

Min. No data 1 BEL 1.66 0.06

Max. No data 1 BEL 24.22 7.60

Median No data 1 No data 12.81 5.11

Mean No data 1 No data 12.10 4.21

StdDev No data 0.0 No data 8.27 2.79

101 Off 4 0.2 BEL 15.60 1.53

102 Off 4 0.2 BEL 14.00 2.34

103 Off 4 0.2 BEL 11.30 1.44

104 Off 12 1.0 BEL 0.11 BEL

105 Off 4 0.2 BEL 13.68 1.60

111 Off 4 0.2 BEL 19.27 2.76

112 Off 4 0.2 BEL 14.98 1.87

115 Off 4 0.2 BEL 9.22 0.20

118 Off 4 0.2 BEL 13.64 1.18

122 Off 5 1.0 BEL 24.35 5.73

123 Off 3 0.2 2.96 21.93 9.36

124 Off 12 1.0 BEL 2.10 BEL

CLN Off 11 1.0 BEL 16.15 2.30

CLS Off 5 1.0 1.21 40.62 11.15

N 80 14 2 14 12

Min. No data 0.2 1.21 0.11 0.20

Max. No data 1.0 2.96 40.62 11.15

Median No data 0.2 2.09 14.49 2.09

Mean No data 0.49 2.09 15.50 3.46

StdDev No data 0.40 1.24 9.80 3.46

EL No data No data No data BEL 3.33

Effluent intake concentration 5.11

Pu-239, -240 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 12 0.5 BEL 5.93 0.07

212 On 12 0.5 BEL BEL BEL

213 On 12 0.5 BEL 0.97 BEL

214 On 12 0.5 BEL 0.14 BEL

215 On 9 0.5 BEL 0.06 BEL

215T On 8 0.5 BEL 0.76 BEL

216 On 12 0.5 BEL 0.16 BEL

217 On 12 0.5 BEL 0.04 BEL

218 On 6 0.5 BEL 0.31 BEL

N 95 9 0 8 1

Min. No data 0.5 BEL 0.04 0.07

Max. No data 0.5 BEL 5.93 0.07

Median No data 0.5 No data 0.24 No data

Mean No data 0.5 No data 1.05 No data

StdDev No data 0.0 No data 2.00 No data

101 Off 4 0.2 BEL BEL BEL

102 Off 4 0.2 BEL BEL BEL

103 Off 4 0.2 BEL BEL BEL

104 Off 12 0.5 BEL 3.10 BEL

105 Off 4 0.2 BEL BEL BEL

111 Off 4 0.2 BEL BEL BEL

112 Off 4 0.2 BEL BEL BEL

115 Off 4 0.2 BEL BEL BEL

118 Off 4 0.2 BEL BEL BEL

122 Off 5 0.5 BEL BEL BEL

123 Off 3 0.5 BEL BEL BEL

124 Off 12 0.5 BEL 0.01 BEL

CLN Off 11 0.5 BEL BEL BEL

CLS Off 5 0.5 BEL 0.58 BEL

N 80 14 0 3 0

Min. No data 0.2 BEL 0.01 BEL

Max. No data 0.5 BEL 3.10 BEL

Median No data 0.2 No data 0.58 No data

Mean No data 0.329 No data 1.23 No data

StdDev No data 0.154 No data 1.64 No data

EL No data No data No data BEL 0.62

Effluent intake concentration 0.07
ATTACHMENT D 

ENVIRONMENTAL AIR SAMPLING DATA FOR 1959 TO 1972 (continued)

Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 02 Effective Date: 07/02/2019 Page 103 of 111

Th-228 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

213 On 12 0.6 BEL 3.20 BEL

215T On 12 0.6 BEL 3.22 BEL

216 On 12 0.6 BEL 1.22 BEL

218 On 6 0.6 BEL 1.33 BEL

N 42 4 0 4 0

Min. No data 0.6 BEL 1.22 BEL

Max. No data 0.6 BEL 3.22 BEL

Median No data 0.6 No data 2.27 No data

Mean No data 0.6 No data 2.24 No data

StdDev No data 0.0 No data 1.12 No data

124 Off 12 0.6 BEL 5.57 BEL

N 12 1 0 1 0

Min. No data 0.6 BEL 5.57 BEL

Max. No data 0.6 BEL 5.57 BEL

Median No data No data No data No data No data

Mean No data No data No data No data No data

StdDev No data No data No data No data No data

EL No data No data No data No data 7.64

Effluent intake concentration 0.00

Th-230 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

213 On 12 0.9 BEL 3.29 BEL

215T On 12 0.9 BEL 4.01 BEL

216 On 12 0.9 BEL 6.43 BEL

218 On 6 0.9 BEL 1.71 BEL

N 42 4 0 4 0

Min. No data 0.9 BEL 1.71 BEL

Max. No data 0.9 BEL 6.43 BEL

Median No data 0.9 No data 3.65 No data

Mean No data 0.9 No data 3.86 No data

StdDev No data 0.0 No data 1.96 No data

124 Off 12 0.9 BEL 9.29 BEL

N 12 1 0 1 0

Min. No data 0.9 BEL 9.29 BEL

Max. No data 0.9 BEL 9.29 BEL

Median No data No data No data No data No data

Mean No data No data No data No data No data

StdDev No data No data No data No data No data

EL No data No data No data No data 8.11

Effluent intake concentration 0.00

Th-232 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

213 On 12 0.6 BEL 6.50 0.40

215T On 12 0.6 BEL 4.75 0.14

216 On 12 0.6 BEL 2.65 0.18

218 On 6 0.6 BEL 3.53 BEL

N 42 4 0 4 3

Min. No data 0.6 BEL 2.65 0.14

Max. No data 0.6 BEL 6.50 0.40

Median No data 0.6 No data 4.14 0.18

Mean No data 0.6 No data 4.36 0.24

StdDev No data 0.0 No data 1.67 0.14

124 Off 12 0.6 BEL 4.06 0.44

N 12 1 0 1 1

Min. No data 0.6 BEL 4.06 0.44

Max. No data 0.6 BEL 4.06 0.44

Median No data No data No data No data No data

Mean No data No data No data No data No data

StdDev No data No data No data No data No data

EL No data No data No data No data 5.58

Effluent intake concentration 0.18

a. Source: BWXT (1999).

b. BEL = below environmental level; CLN = center line north; CLS = center line south; EL = environmental (activity concentration) level; LDL = lower detection limit at 95% confidence level; No data = not applicable; 

StdDev = standard deviation.

c. T indicates 2-m sampling height.
ATTACHMENT D 

ENVIRONMENTAL AIR SAMPLING DATA FOR 1959 TO 1972 (continued)

Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 02 Effective Date: 07/02/2019 Page 104 of 111

Table D-27. Mound air monitoring data for 1999.

a,b

HTO incremental concentration (10-12 μCi/mL)

Locationc Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 51 35 BEL 38.75 10.67

212 On 36 31 BEL 98.41 19.86

213 On 50 31 BEL 56.60 9.91

214 On 51 31 BEL 34.47 8.12

215 On 48 31 BEL 33.21 8.80

215T On No data No data No data No data No data

216 On 49 31 BEL 29.82 7.01

217 On 51 31 BEL 61.29 5.95

218 On 51 31 BEL 41.63 5.12

N 387 8 0 8 8

Min. No data 31 BEL 29.82 5.12

Max. No data 35 BEL 98.41 19.86

Median No data 31 No data 40.19 8.45

Mean No data 31.5 No data 49.27 9.43

StdDev No data 1.4 No data 22.79 4.62

101 Off 50 47 BEL 26.12 4.10

102 Off 48 47 BEL 44.26 7.46

103 Off 49 47 BEL 72.32 3.98

104 Off 50 47 BEL 35.52 3.21

105 Off 50 47 BEL 27.73 2.61

111 Off 47 47 BEL 21.86 0.42

112 Off 48 47 BEL 25.74 3.45

115 Off 49 47 BEL 20.43 BEL

118 Off 44 47 BEL 28.55 1.07

124 Off 49 47 BEL 51.50 7.73

CLN Off 50 47 BEL 22.78 3.05

N 534 11 0 11 10

Min. No data 47 BEL 20.43 0.42

Max. No data 47 BEL 72.32 7.73

Median No data 47 No data 27.73 3.33

Mean No data 47 No data 34.26 3.71

StdDev No data 0 No data 15.93 2.36

EL No data No data No data No data 4.02

Effluent intake concentration 8.45

Pu-238 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 12 0.7 BEL 0.30 BEL

212 On 8 0.7 BEL BEL BEL

213 On 12 0.7 BEL 9.49 1.30

214 On 12 0.7 BEL 5.53 BEL

215 On 12 0.7 BEL 0.79 BEL

215T On 12 0.7 BEL 2.66 BEL

216 On 12 0.7 BEL 12.08 BEL

217 On 10 0.7 BEL BEL BEL

218 On 12 0.7 BEL 37.92 1.56

N 102 9 0 7 2

Min. No data 0.7 BEL 0.30 1.30

Max. No data 0.7 BEL 37.92 1.56

Median No data 0.7 No data 5.53 1.43

Mean No data 0.7 No data 9.82 1.43

StdDev No data 0.0 No data 13.14 0.18

101 Off 4 0.1 BEL 2.41 BEL

102 Off 4 0.1 BEL 10.52 2.83

103 Off 4 0.1 BEL 8.34 0.02

104 Off 12 0.7 BEL BEL BEL

105 Off 4 0.1 BEL 10.34 BEL

111 Off 4 0.1 BEL 10.34 BEL

112 Off 3 0.1 BEL 3.47 BEL

115 Off 4 0.1 BEL 12.91 0.37

118 Off 4 0.1 BEL 9.11 BEL

124 Off 12 0.7 BEL BEL BEL

CLN Off 11 0.7 BEL BEL BEL

N 66 11 0 8 3

Min. No data 0.1 BEL 2.41 0.02

Max. No data 0.7 BEL 12.91 2.83

Median No data 0.1 No data 9.73 0.37

Mean No data 0.26 No data 8.43 1.07

StdDev No data 0.28 No data 3.65 1.53

EL No data No data No data No data 6.6

Effluent intake concentration 1.43

Pu-239, -240 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 12 0.6 BEL 3.09 0.13

212 On 8 0.6 BEL 0.32 BEL

213 On 12 0.6 BEL 1.52 0.24

214 On 12 0.6 BEL 0.78 BEL

215 On 12 0.6 BEL 0.93 BEL

215T On 12 0.6 BEL 1.17 BEL

216 On 12 0.6 BEL 0.68 0.08

217 On 10 0.6 BEL 0.92 BEL

218 On 12 0.6 BEL 1.16 0.16

N 102 9 0 9 4

Min. No data 0.6 BEL 0.32 0.08

Max. No data 0.6 BEL 3.09 0.24

Median No data 0.6 No data 0.93 0.15

Mean No data 0.6 No data 1.17 0.15

StdDev No data 0.0 No data 0.79 0.07

101 Off 4 0.1 BEL 0.02 BEL

102 Off 4 0.1 BEL 0.32 BEL

103 Off 4 0.1 BEL BEL BEL

104 Off 12 0.6 BEL 0.80 0.01

105 Off 4 0.1 BEL BEL BEL

111 Off 4 0.1 BEL BEL BEL

112 Off 3 0.1 BEL BEL BEL

115 Off 4 0.1 BEL BEL BEL

118 Off 4 0.1 BEL 0.91 0.01

124 Off 12 0.6 BEL 0.91 BEL

CLN Off 12 0.6 BEL 1.54 BEL

N 67 11 0 6 2

Min. No data 0.1 BEL 0.02 0.01

Max. No data 0.6 BEL 1.54 0.01

Median No data 0.1 No data 0.86 0.01

Mean No data 0.2 No data 0.75 0.01

StdDev No data 0.2 No data 0.53 0.00

EL No data No data No data No data 0.64

Effluent intake concentration 0.15
ATTACHMENT D 

ENVIRONMENTAL AIR SAMPLING DATA FOR 1959 TO 1972 (continued)

Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 02 Effective Date: 07/02/2019 Page 105 of 111

Th-228 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL) 

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

213 On 12 0.6 BEL 14.78 5.55

215T On 12 0.6 BEL 10.64 4.02

216 On 12 0.6 BEL 18.52 5.18

218 On 12 0.6 BEL 19.56 3.02

N 48 4 0 4 4

Min. No data 0.6 BEL 10.64 3.02

Max. No data 0.6 BEL 19.56 5.55

Median No data 0.6 No data 16.65 4.60

Mean No data 0.6 No data 15.88 4.44

StdDev No data 0.0 No data 4.05 1.15

124 Off 12 0.6 BEL 13.72 3.22

N 12 1 0 1 1

Min. No data 0.6 BEL 13.72 3.22

Max. No data 0.6 BEL 13.72 3.22

Median No data No data No data No data No data

Mean No data No data No data No data No data

StdDev No data No data No data No data No data

EL No data No data No data No data 5.46

Effluent intake concentration 4.60

Th-230 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

213 On 12 1.1 BEL 21.88 5.79

215T On 12 1.1 BEL 13.37 3.82

216 On 12 1.1 BEL 23.17 5.00

218 On 12 1.1 BEL 17.7 1.98

N 48 4 0 4 4

Min. No data 1.1 BEL 13.37 1.98

Max. No data 1.1 BEL 23.17 5.79

Median No data 1.1 No data 19.79 4.41

Mean No data 1.1 No data 19.03 4.15

StdDev No data 0.0 No data 4.44 1.66

124 Off 12 1.3 BEL 13.72 3.22

N 12 1 0 1 1

Min. No data 1.3 BEL 13.72 3.22

Max. No data 1.3 BEL 13.72 3.22

Median No data No data No data No data No data

Mean No data No data No data No data No data

StdDev No data No data No data No data No data

EL No data No data No data No data 6.44

Effluent intake concentration 4.41

Th-232 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

213 On 12 0.5 BEL 13.25 4.62

215T On 12 0.5 BEL 28.99 4.96

216 On 12 0.5 BEL 17.40 4.22

218 On 12 0.5 BEL 20.77 2.0

N 48 4 0 4 4

Min. No data 0.5 BEL 13.25 2.00

Max. No data 0.5 BEL 28.99 4.96

Median No data 0.5 No data 19.09 4.42

Mean No data 0.5 No data 20.10 3.95

StdDev No data 0.0 No data 6.68 1.33

124 Off 12 0.5 BEL 20.77 2.0

N 12 1 0 1 1

Min. No data 0.5 BEL 20.77 2.00

Max. No data 0.5 BEL 20.77 2.00

Median No data No data No data No data No data

Mean No data No data No data No data No data

StdDev No data No data No data No data No data

EL No data No data No data No data 4.78

Effluent intake concentration 4.42

a. Source: BWXT (2000).

b. BEL = below environmental level; CLN = center line north; EL = environmental (activity concentration) level; LDL = lower detection limit at 95% confidence level; No data = not applicable; StdDev = standard 

deviation.

c. T indicates 2-m sampling height.
ATTACHMENT D 

ENVIRONMENTAL AIR SAMPLING DATA FOR 1959 TO 1972 (continued)

Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 02 Effective Date: 07/02/2019 Page 106 of 111

Table D-28. Mound air monitoring data for 2000.

a,b

HTO incremental concentration (10-12 μCi/mL)

Locationc Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 48 26 BEL 43.02 2.95

212 On 41 23 BEL 20.26 4.42

213 On 49 23 BEL 27.22 3.51

214 On 48 23 BEL 28.67 2.00

215 On 50 23 BEL 19.97 2.49

215T On No data No data No data No data No data

216 On 49 23 BEL 40.15 2.06

217 On 50 23 BEL 23.53 0.96

218 On 51 23 BEL 33.26 0.93

N 386 8 0 8 8

Min. No data 23 BEL 19.97 0.93

Max. No data 26 BEL 43.02 4.42

Median No data 23 No data 27.95 2.28

Mean No data 23.4 No data 29.51 2.42

StdDev No data 1.1 No data 8.69 1.20

101 Off 49 28 BEL 13.02 BEL

102 Off 49 28 BEL 23.84 2.34

103 Off 51 28 BEL 41.49 1.26

104 Off 51 28 BEL 28.63 0.02

105 Off 51 28 BEL 24.85 BEL

111 Off 49 28 BEL 14.07 BEL

112 Off 51 28 BEL 10.53 BEL

115 Off 51 28 BEL 7.51 BEL

118 Off 51 28 BEL 13.68 BEL

124 Off 51 28 BEL 26.57 3.41

CLN Off 51 28 BEL 24.68 BEL

N 555 11 0 11 4

Min. No data 28 BEL 7.51 0.02

Max. No data 28 BEL 41.49 3.41

Median No data 28 No data 23.84 1.80

Mean No data 28 No data 20.81 1.76

StdDev No data 0 No data 10.01 1.45

EL No data No data No data No data 5.71

Effluent intake concentration 2.28

Pu-238 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 12 0.5 0.47 108.03 11.09

212 On 11 0.5 0.43 4.22 1.42

213 On 12 0.5 3.98 15.54 7.99

214 On 12 0.5 0.14 7.18 1.74

215 On 11 0.5 0.27 8.87 3.00

215T On 12 0.5 0.17 16.51 4.08

216 On 12 0.5 1.03 11.61 4.11

217 On 12 0.5 BEL 1.02 0.33

218 On 12 0.5 0.24 42.22 5.81

N 106 9 8 9 9

Min. No data 0.5 0.14 1.02 0.33

Max. No data 0.5 3.98 108.03 11.09

Median No data 0.5 0.35 11.61 4.08

Mean No data 0.5 0.84 23.91 4.40

StdDev No data 0.0 1.3 33.74 3.43

101 Off 4 0.2 BEL 4.70 2.23

102 Off 4 0.2 0.31 1.13 0.73

103 Off 4 0.2 0.41 0.94 0.62

104 Off 12 0.5 BEL 1.62 0.31

105 Off 4 0.2 BEL 0.25 0.07

111 Off 4 0.2 BEL 0.68 0.15

112 Off 4 0.2 BEL 0.07 BEL

115 Off 4 0.2 BEL 0.05 BEL

118 Off 4 0.2 0.04 0.53 0.26

124 Off 12 0.5 0.72 2.90 1.55

CLN Off 12 0.5 BEL 1.55 0.56

N 68 11 4 11 9

Min. No data 0.2 0.04 0.05 0.07

Max. No data 0.5 0.72 4.70 2.23

Median No data 0.2 0.36 0.94 0.56

Mean No data 0.28 0.37 1.31 0.72

StdDev No data 0.14 0.28 1.40 0.72

EL No data No data No data No data 0.09

Effluent intake concentration 4.08

Pu-239, -240 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 12 0.4 BEL 0.66 BEL

212 On 11 0.4 BEL 3.05 0.17

213 On 12 0.4 BEL 0.38 BEL

214 On 12 0.4 BEL 0.27 BEL

215 On 11 0.4 BEL BEL BEL

215T On 12 0.4 BEL 0.87 BEL

216 On 12 0.4 BEL 0.75 BEL

217 On 12 0.4 BEL 1.32 BEL

218 On 12 0.4 BEL 0.96 BEL

N 106 9 0 8 1

Min. No data 0.4 BEL 0.27 0.17

Max. No data 0.4 BEL 3.05 0.17

Median No data 0.4 No data 0.81 No data

Mean No data 0.4 No data 1.03 No data

StdDev No data 0.0 No data 0.88 No data

101 Off 4 0.1 BEL 0.06 BEL

102 Off 4 0.1 BEL BEL BEL

103 Off 4 0.1 BEL BEL BEL

104 Off 12 0.4 BEL 1.35 BEL

105 Off 4 0.1 BEL 0.61 BEL

111 Off 4 0.1 BEL 0.35 BEL

112 Off 4 0.1 BEL 0.34 BEL

115 Off 4 0.1 BEL BEL BEL

118 Off 4 0.1 BEL BEL BEL

124 Off 12 0.4 BEL 0.45 BEL

CLN Off 12 0.4 BEL 0.34 BEL

N 68 11 0 7 0

Min. No data 0.1 BEL 0.06 BEL

Max. No data 0.4 BEL 1.35 BEL

Median No data 0.1 No data 0.35 No data

Mean No data 0.2 No data 0.50 No data

StdDev No data 0.1 No data 0.41 No data

EL No data No data No data No data 0.76

Effluent intake concentration 0.17
ATTACHMENT D 

ENVIRONMENTAL AIR SAMPLING DATA FOR 1959 TO 1972 (continued)

Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 02 Effective Date: 07/02/2019 Page 107 of 111

Th-228 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

213 On 12 1.0 BEL 22.54 7.43

215T On 12 1.0 0.03 9.58 2.84

216 On 12 1.0 BEL 8.82 4.57

218 On 12 1.0 BEL 5.77 2.27

N 48 4 1 4 4

Min. No data 1.0 0.03 5.77 2.27

Max. No data 1.0 0.03 22.54 7.43

Median No data 1.0 No data 9.20 3.71

Mean No data 1.0 No data 11.68 4.28

StdDev No data 0.0 No data 7.43 2.32

124 Off 12 1.0 BEL 11.96 2.62

N 12 1 0 1 1

Min. No data 1 BEL 11.96 2.62

Max. No data 1 BEL 11.96 2.62

Median No data No data No data No data No data

Mean No data No data No data No data No data

StdDev No data No data No data No data No data

EL No data No data No data No data 5.18

Effluent intake concentration 3.71

Th-230 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

213 On 12 1.3 BEL 24.83 9.02

215T On 12 1.3 BEL 12.02 2.72

216 On 12 1.3 BEL 13.59 5.51

218 On 12 1.3 BEL 3.89 1.21

N 48 4 0 4 4

Min. No data 1.3 BEL 3.89 1.21

Max. No data 1.3 BEL 24.83 9.02

Median No data 1.3 No data 12.81 4.12

Mean No data 1.3 No data 13.58 4.62

StdDev No data 0.0 No data 8.62 3.43

124 Off 12 1.3 BEL 10.33 2.74

N 12 1 0 1 1

Min. No data 1.3 BEL 10.33 2.74

Max. No data 1.3 BEL 10.33 2.74

Median No data No data No data No data No data

Mean No data No data No data No data No data

StdDev No data No data No data No data No data

EL No data No data No data No data 5.42

Effluent intake concentration 4.12

Th-232 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

213 On 12 0.5 BEL 22.11 6.60

215T On 12 0.5 BEL 7.62 1.72

216 On 12 0.5 BEL 11.04 4.10

218 On 12 0.5 BEL 4.05 1.04

N 48 4 0 4 4

Min. No data 0.5 BEL 4.05 1.04

Max. No data 0.5 BEL 22.11 6.60

Median No data 0.5 No data 9.33 2.91

Mean No data 0.5 No data 11.21 3.37

StdDev No data 0.0 No data 7.81 2.52

124 Off 12 0.5 BEL 7.97 1.96

N 12 1 0 1 1

Min. No data 0.5 BEL 7.97 1.96

Max. No data 0.5 BEL 7.97 1.96

Median No data No data No data No data No data

Mean No data No data No data No data No data

StdDev No data No data No data No data No data

EL No data No data No data No data 4.06

Effluent intake concentration 2.91

a. Source: BWXT (2001).

b. BEL = below environmental level; CLN = center line north; EL = environmental (activity concentration) level; LDL = lower detection limit at 95% confidence level; No data = not applicable; StdDev = standard 

deviation.

c. T indicates 2-m sampling height.
ATTACHMENT D 

ENVIRONMENTAL AIR SAMPLING DATA FOR 1959 TO 1972 (continued)

Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 02 Effective Date: 07/02/2019 Page 108 of 111

Table D-29. Mound air monitoring data for 2001.

a,b

HTO incremental concentration (10-12 μCi/mL)

Locationc Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 48 26 BEL 26.01 5.06

213 On 50 23 BEL 44.09 7.61

214 On 51 23 BEL 24.72 4.60

215 On 51 23 BEL 30.61 2.82

215T On No data No data No data No data No data

216 On 49 23 BEL 52.39 5.24

218 On 49 23 BEL 48.81 2.98

N 298 6 0 6 6

Min. No data 23 BEL 24.72 2.82

Max. No data 26 BEL 52.39 7.61

Median No data 23 No data 37.35 4.83

Mean No data 23.5 No data 37.77 4.72

StdDev No data 1.2 No data 12.13 1.75

101 Off 51 15 BEL 37.24 3.99

102 Off 49 15 BEL 64.72 6.09

103 Off 51 15 BEL 63.13 4.76

104 Off 51 15 BEL 19.57 1.33

105 Off 50 15 BEL 20.50 0.28

111 Off 34 15 BEL 5.56 BEL

112 Off 51 15 BEL 27.65 0.83

115 Off 51 15 BEL 12.72 BEL

118 Off 50 15 BEL 34.08 0.17

124 Off 48 15 BEL 76.74 7.28

CLN Off 49 15 BEL 30.32 3.91

212 Off 51 23 BEL 75.94 9.79

217 Off 42 23 BEL 19.28 1.88

N 628 13 0 13 11

Min. No data 15 BEL 5.56 0.17

Max. No data 23 BEL 76.74 9.79

Median No data 15 No data 30.32 3.91

Mean No data 16.2 No data 37.50 3.66

StdDev No data 3.0 No data 25.19 3.38

EL No data No data No data No data 2.5

Effluent intake concentration 4.83

Pu-238 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 12 0.6 1.46 20.16 5.51

213 On 12 0.6 1.26 121.73 15.19

214 On 12 0.6 0.72 5.69 2.90

215 On 11 0.6 BRB 4.50 1.61

215T On 12 0.6 0.24 5.74 1.62

216 On 12 0.6 0.39 22.27 5.58

218 On 12 0.6 0.96 7.01 4.01

N 83 7 6 7 7

Min. No data 0.6 0.24 4.50 1.61

Max. No data 0.6 1.46 121.73 15.19

Median No data 0.6 0.84 7.01 4.01

Mean No data 0.6 0.84 26.73 5.20

StdDev No data 0.0 0.48 42.53 4.70

101 Off 4 0.1 BRB 0.20 0.09

102 Off 4 0.1 0.25 0.40 0.32

103 Off 4 0.1 0.46 5.55 1.91

104 Off 12 0.6 BRB 1.44 0.25

105 Off 4 0.1 0.02 0.12 0.06

111 Off 4 0.1 BRB 0.29 0.09

112 Off 4 0.1 BRB 0.08 BRB

115 Off 4 0.1 BRB 0.04 0.01

118 Off 4 0.1 BRB 0.30 0.14

124 Off 12 0.6 0.22 2.45 1.32

CLN Off 11 0.6 0.10 2.11 0.91

212 Off 12 0.6 0.61 4.57 1.56

217 Off 11 0.6 0.01 1.55 0.40

N 90 13 7 13 12

Min. No data 0.1 0.01 0.04 0.01

Max. No data 0.6 0.61 5.55 1.91

Median No data 0.1 0.22 0.40 0.29

Mean No data 0.29 0.24 1.47 0.59

StdDev No data 0.25 0.25 1.89 0.71

EL No data No data No data No data BRB

Effluent intake concentration 4.01

Pu-239, -240 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 12 0.7 BEL 0.69 0.01

213 On 12 0.7 BEL 1.62 BEL

214 On 12 0.7 BEL 0.70 BEL

215 On 11 0.7 BEL 1.85 0.2

215T On 12 0.7 BEL 1.64 BEL

216 On 12 0.7 BEL 0.51 0.03

218 On 12 0.7 BEL 1.09 BEL

N 83 7 0 7 3

Min. No data 0.7 BEL 0.51 0.01

Max. No data 0.7 BEL 1.85 0.2

Median No data 0.7 No data 1.09 0.03

Mean No data 0.7 No data 1.16 0.08

StdDev No data 0.0 No data 0.5 0.1

101 Off 4 0.1 BEL 0.49 BEL

102 Off 4 0.1 BEL 0.15 BEL

103 Off 4 0.1 BEL 0.17 BEL

104 Off 12 0.7 BEL 0.61 BEL

105 Off 4 0.1 BEL 1.40 0.17

111 Off 4 0.1 BEL 1.17 0.11

112 Off 4 0.1 BEL 1.56 0.38

115 Off 4 0.1 BEL 1.17 0.26

118 Off 4 0.1 BEL 0.53 0.05

124 Off 12 0.7 BEL 0.49 0.003

CLN Off 11 0.7 BEL 0.90 0.11

212 Off 12 0.7 BEL 0.56 BEL

217 Off 11 0.7 BEL 1.09 0.04

N 90 13 0 13 8

Min. No data 0.1 BEL 0.15 0.00

Max. No data 0.7 BEL 1.56 0.38

Median No data 0.1 No data 0.61 0.11

Mean No data 0.33 No data 0.79 0.14

StdDev No data 0.30 No data 0.44 0.13

EL No data No data No data No data 0.4

Effluent intake concentration 0.03
ATTACHMENT D 

ENVIRONMENTAL AIR SAMPLING DATA FOR 1959 TO 1972 (continued)

Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 02 Effective Date: 07/02/2019 Page 109 of 111

Th-228 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

213 On 12 0.8 BEL 20.97 4.01

215T On 12 0.8 BEL 13.56 3.29

216 On 12 0.8 BEL 12.48 4.30

218 On 12 0.8 BEL 12.05 3.56

N 48 4 0 4 4

Min. No data 0.8 BEL 12.05 3.29

Max. No data 0.8 BEL 20.97 4.30

Median No data 0.8 No data 13.02 3.79

Mean No data 0.8 No data 14.77 3.79

StdDev No data 0.0 No data 4.19 0.45

124 Off 12 0.8 BEL 12.35 1.67

N 12 1 0 1 1

Min. No data 0.8 BEL 12.35 1.67

Max. No data 0.8 BEL 12.35 1.67

Median No data No data No data No data No data

Mean No data No data No data No data No data

StdDev No data No data No data No data No data

EL No data No data No data No data 5.2

Effluent intake concentration 3.79

Th-230 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

213 On 12 1.5 BEL 20.99 3.91

215T On 12 1.5 BEL 9.69 2.80

216 On 12 1.5 BEL 9.74 3.28

218 On 12 1.5 BEL 14.52 2.17

N 48 4 0 4 4

Min. No data 1.5 BEL 9.69 2.17

Max. No data 1.5 BEL 20.99 3.91

Median No data 1.5 No data 12.13 3.04

Mean No data 1.5 No data 13.74 3.04

StdDev No data 0.0 No data 5.34 0.74

124 Off 12 1.5 BEL 11.77 0.95

N 12 1 0 1 1

Min. No data 1.5 BEL 11.77 0.95

Max. No data 1.5 BEL 11.77 0.95

Median No data No data No data No data No data

Mean No data No data No data No data No data

StdDev No data No data No data No data No data

EL No data No data No data No data 6.39

Effluent intake concentration 3.04

Th-232 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

213 On 12 0.4 BEL 14.31 2.82

215T On 12 0.4 BEL 7.00 2.13

216 On 12 0.4 BEL 8.15 2.37

218 On 12 0.4 BEL 11.01 1.67

N 48 4 0 4 4

Min. No data 0.4 BEL 7.00 1.67

Max. No data 0.4 BEL 14.31 2.82

Median No data 0.4 No data 9.58 2.25

Mean No data 0.4 No data 10.12 2.25

StdDev No data 0.0 No data 3.26 0.48

124 Off 12 0.4 BEL 9.97 0.94

N 12 1 0 1 1

Min. No data 0.4 BEL 9.97 0.94

Max. No data 0.4 BEL 9.97 0.94

Median No data No data No data No data No data

Mean No data No data No data No data No data

StdDev No data No data No data No data No data

EL No data No data No data No data 4.56

Effluent intake concentration 2.25

a. Source: BWXT (2002).

b. BEL = below environmental level; CLN = center line north; EL = environmental (activity concentration) level; LDL = lower detection limit at 95% confidence level; No data = not applicable; StdDev = standard 

deviation.

c. T indicates 2-m sampling height.
ATTACHMENT D 

ENVIRONMENTAL AIR SAMPLING DATA FOR 1959 TO 1972 (continued)

Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 02 Effective Date: 07/02/2019 Page 110 of 111

Table D-30. Mound air monitoring data for 2002.

a,b

HTO incremental concentration (10-12 μCi/mL)

Locationc Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 31 31 BEL 24.12 4.10

213 On 50 28 BEL 26.94 4.83

214 On 29 48 BEL 60.18 2.89

215 On 50 48 BEL 134.45 11.31

215T On No data No data No data No data No data

216 On 49 48 BEL 38.04 2.09

218 On 51 28 BEL 32.31 1.60

N 260 6 No data 6 6

Min. No data 28 BEL 24.12 1.60

Max. No data 48 BEL 134.45 11.31

Median No data No data No data No data 3.50

Mean No data No data No data No data 4.72

101 Off 50 48 BEL 64.75 3.96

102 Off 50 48 BEL 52.54 6.14

103 Off 50 48 BEL 104.05 3.42

104 Off 49 48 BEL 42.04 0.11

105 Off 50 48 BEL 26.67 BEL

111 Off 50 48 BEL 21.38 BEL

112 Off 48 48 BEL 16.78 BEL

115 Off 49 48 BEL 15.93 BEL

118 Off 50 48 BEL 44.59 0.54

124 Off 49 48 BEL 79.09 6.69

CLN Off 50 48 BEL 46.55 2.23

212 Off 29 48 BEL 226.74 13.14

217 Off 29 48 BEL 29.94 0.13

N 603 13 13 13 13

Min. No data 15 BEL 15.93 BEL

Max. No data 23 BEL 226.74 13.14

Median No data No data No data No data No data

Mean No data No data No data No data No data

EL No data No data No data No data 7.38

Effluent intake concentration 3.50

Pu-238 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 12 0.6 0.98 9.05 3.06

213 On 12 0.6 1.41 13.85 4.92

214 On 12 0.6 0.48 61.48 9.37

215 On 12 0.6 0.21 11.37 2.11

215T On 12 0.6 0.24 8.38 2.18

216 On 12 0.6 0.79 11.88 3.76

218 On 12 0.6 0.07 26.31 5.08

N 84 7 7 7 7

Min. No data No data 0.07 8.38 2.11

Max. No data No data 1.41 26.31 9.37

Median No data No data No data No data 3.76

Mean No data No data No data No data 4.28

101 Off 4 0.2 BRB 0.20 0.07

102 Off 4 0.2 0.29 1.76 0.77

103 Off 4 0.2 0.29 0.53 0.41

104 Off 12 0.6 BRB 1.73 0.33

105 Off 4 0.2 BRB 0.15 0.04

111 Off 4 0.2 BRB 0.09 0.01

112 Off 4 0.2 BRB 0.05 BRB

115 Off 4 0.2 BRB 0.08 BRB

118 Off 4 0.2 0.05 0.38 0.17

124 Off 12 0.6 BRB 2.68 1.10

CLN Off 12 0.6 0.08 2.02 0.63

212 Off 12 0.6 0.23 4.29 1.57

217 Off 12 0.6 BRB 1.68 0.27

N 92 13 13 13 13

Min. No data 0.2 0.05 0.05 BRB

Max. No data 0.6 0.29 4.29 1.57

Median No data No data No data No data No data

Mean No data No data No data No data No data

EL No data No data No data No data BRB

Effluent intake concentration 3.76

Pu-239, -240 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

211 On 12 0.6 BEL 0.75 0.11

213 On 12 0.6 BEL 1.58 0.30

214 On 12 0.6 BEL 1.69 0.27

215 On 12 0.6 BEL 1.36 0.19

215T On 12 0.6 BEL 1.11 0.19

216 On 12 0.6 BEL 1.71 0.33

218 On 12 0.6 BEL 0.73 0.19

N 84 7 7 7

Min. No data No data BEL 0.73 0.11

Max. No data No data BEL 1.69 0.33

Median No data No data No data No data 0.19

Mean No data No data No data No data 0.23

101 Off 4 0.1 BEL BEL BEL

102 Off 4 0.1 BEL 0.35 BEL

103 Off 4 0.1 BEL 0.15 BEL

104 Off 12 0.7 BEL 0.68 0.18

105 Off 4 0.1 BEL BEL BEL

111 Off 4 0.1 BEL BEL BEL

112 Off 4 0.1 BEL BEL BEL

115 Off 4 0.1 BEL BEL BEL

118 Off 4 0.1 BEL 0.14 0.05

124 Off 12 0.6 BEL 0.25 BEL

CLN Off 12 0.6 BEL 0.84 0.13

212 Off 12 0.6 BEL 1.03 0.20

217 Off 12 0.6 BEL 0.83 0.19

N 90 13 13 13 13

Min. No data 0.1 BEL 0.15 BEL

Max. No data 0.6 BEL 0.14 0.20

Median No data No data No data No data

Mean No data No data No data No data

EL No data No data No data No data 0.27

Effluent intake concentration 0.19
ATTACHMENT D 

ENVIRONMENTAL AIR SAMPLING DATA FOR 1959 TO 1972 (continued)

Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 02 Effective Date: 07/02/2019 Page 111 of 111

Th-228 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

213 On 12 0.7 BEL 6.43 BEL

215T On 12 0.7 BEL 2.91 BEL

216 On 12 0.7 BEL 9.39 BEL

218 On 12 0.7 BEL 27.42 0.55

N 48 4 4 4 4

Min. No data No data BEL 2.92 BEL

Max. No data No data BEL 27.42 0.55

Median No data No data No data No data 0

Mean No data No data No data No data 0.14

124 Off 12 No data BEL 1.99 BEL

N 12 No data 1 1 1

Min. No data 0.7 BEL 1.99 1.67

Max. No data 0.7 BEL 1.99 1.67

Median No data No data No data No data No data

Mean No data No data No data No data No data

StdDev No data No data No data No data No data

EL No data No data No data No data 10.01

Effluent intake concentration 0.00

Th-230 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

213 On 12 1.3 BEL 0.52 BEL

215T On 12 1.3 BEL 2.74 BEL

216 On 12 1.3 BEL 3.67 BEL

218 On 12 1.3 BEL 18.50 BEL

N 48 4 4 4 4

Min. No data No data BEL 0.52 BEL

Max. No data No data BEL 18.50 BEL

Median No data No data No data No data 0.00

Mean No data No data No data No data 0.00

124 Off No data No data BEL BEL BEL

N 12 1 1 1 1

Min. No data No data BEL BEL BEL

Max. No data No data BEL BEL BEL

Median No data No data No data No data No data

Mean No data No data No data No data No data

StdDev No data No data No data No data No data

EL No data No data No data No data 14.17

Effluent intake concentration 0.00

Th-232 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min. Max. Mean

213 On 12 0.5 BEL 5.46 BEL

215T On 12 0.5 BEL 3.22 BEL

216 On 12 0.5 BEL 6.72 BEL

218 On 12 0.5 BEL 23.34 0.30

N 48 4 4 4 4

Min. No data No data No data 3.22 BEL

Max. No data No data No data 23.34 0.30

Median No data No data No data No data 0

Mean No data No data No data No data 0.075

124 Off 12 0.4 BEL 2.05 BEL

N 12 1 0 1 1

Min. No data 0.4 BEL 2.05 BEL

Max. No data 0.4 BEL 2.05 BEL

Median No data No data No data No data No data

Mean No data No data No data No data No data

StdDev No data No data No data No data No data

EL No data No data No data No data 4.56

Effluent intake concentration 0.00

a. Source: CH2MHILL (2003).

b. BEL = below environmental level; CLN = center line north; EL = environmental (activity concentration) level; LDL = lower detection limit at 95% confidence level; No data = not applicable; StdDev = standard 

deviation.

c. T indicates 2-m sampling height.