II 

Calendar No. 496 

115TH CONGRESS 

2D SESSION H. R. 5905 

IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES 

JUNE 28, 2018 

Received; read twice and placed on the calendar 

AN ACT 

To authorize basic research programs in the Department 

of Energy Office of Science for fiscal years 2018 and 2019. 

1 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa2 tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 

3 SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS. 

4 (a) SHORT TITLE.—This Act may be cited as the 

5 ‘‘Department of Energy Science and Innovation Act of 

6 2018’’. 

7 (b) TABLE OF CONTENTS.—The table of contents for 

8 this Act is as follows: 

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents. 

Sec. 2. Definitions. 

Sec. 3. Mission. 

Sec. 4. Basic energy sciences. 

Sec. 5. Advanced scientific computing research. 

Sec. 6. High energy physics. 

Sec. 7. Biological and environmental research. 


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Sec. 8. Fusion energy. 

Sec. 9. Nuclear physics. 

Sec. 10. Science laboratories infrastructure program. 

Sec. 11. Authorization of appropriations. 

1 SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS. 

2 In this Act: 

3 (1) DEPARTMENT.—The term ‘‘Department’’ 

4 means the Department of Energy. 

5 (2) DIRECTOR.—The term ‘‘Director’’ means 

6 the Director of the Office of Science of the Depart7 ment. 

8 (3) NATIONAL LABORATORY.—The term ‘‘Na9 tional Laboratory’’ has the meaning given that term 

10 in section 2 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 

11 U.S.C. 15801). 

12 (4) SECRETARY.—The term ‘‘Secretary’’ means 

13 the Secretary of Energy. 

14 SEC. 3. MISSION. 

15 Section 209 of the Department of Energy Organiza16 tion Act (42 U.S.C. 7139) is amended by adding at the 

17 end the following: 

18 ‘‘(c) MISSION.—The mission of the Office of Science 

19 shall be the delivery of scientific discoveries, capabilities, 

20 and major scientific tools to transform the understanding 

21 of nature and to advance the energy, economic, and na22 tional security of the United States.’’. 


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1 SEC. 4. BASIC ENERGY SCIENCES. 

2 (a) PROGRAM.—The Director shall carry out a pro3 gram in basic energy sciences, including materials sciences 

4 and engineering, chemical sciences, physical biosciences, 

5 and geosciences, for the purpose of providing the scientific 

6 foundations for new energy technologies. 

7 (b) MISSION.—The mission of the program described 

8 in subsection (a) shall be to support fundamental research 

9 to understand, predict, and ultimately control matter and 

10 energy at the electronic, atomic, and molecular levels in 

11 order to provide the foundations for new energy tech12 nologies and to support Department missions in energy, 

13 environment, and national security. 

14 (c) BASIC ENERGY SCIENCES USER FACILITIES.— 

15 (1) IN GENERAL.—The Director shall carry out 

16 a program for the development, construction, oper17 ation, and maintenance of national user facilities. 

18 (2) REQUIREMENTS.—To the maximum extent 

19 practicable, the national user facilities developed, 

20 constructed, operated, or maintained under para21 graph (1) shall serve the needs of the Department, 

22 industry, the academic community, and other rel23 evant entities to create and examine materials and 

24 chemical processes for the purpose of improving the 

25 competitiveness of the United States. 


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1 (3) INCLUDED FACILITIES.—The national user 

2 facilities developed, constructed, operated, or main3 tained under paragraph (1) shall include— 

4 (A) x-ray light sources; 

5 (B) neutron sources; 

6 (C) nanoscale science research centers; and 

7 (D) such other facilities as the Director 

8 considers appropriate, consistent with section 

9 209 of the Department of Energy Organization 

10 Act (42 U.S.C. 7139). 

11 (d) BASIC ENERGY SCIENCES RESEARCH INFRA12 STRUCTURE.— 

13 (1) ADVANCED PHOTON SOURCE UPGRADE.— 

14 (A) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall 

15 provide for the upgrade to the Advanced Pho16 ton Source described in the publication ap17 proved by the Basic Energy Sciences Advisory 

18 Committee on June 9, 2016, titled ‘‘Report on 

19 Facility Upgrades’’, including the development 

20 of a multi-bend achromat lattice to produce a 

21 high flux of coherent x-rays within the hard x22 ray energy region and a suite of beamlines opti23 mized for this source. 

24 (B) DEFINITIONS.—In this paragraph: 


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1 (i) FLUX.—The term ‘‘flux’’ means 

2 the rate of flow of photons. 

3 (ii) HARD X-RAY.—The term ‘‘hard x4 ray’’ means a photon with energy greater 

5 than 20 kiloelectron volts. 

6 (C) START OF OPERATIONS.—The Sec7 retary shall, to the maximum extent practicable, 

8 ensure that the start of full operations of the 

9 upgrade under this paragraph occurs before De10 cember 31, 2025. 

11 (D) FUNDING.—Out of funds authorized 

12 to be appropriated under section 11 for Basic 

13 Energy Sciences, there shall be made available 

14 to the Secretary to carry out the upgrade under 

15 this paragraph— 

16 (i) $93,000,000 for fiscal year 2018; 

17 and 

18 (ii) $130,000,000 for fiscal year 2019. 

19 (2) SPALLATION NEUTRON SOURCE PROTON

20 POWER UPGRADE.— 

21 (A) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall 

22 provide for a proton power upgrade to the 

23 Spallation Neutron Source. 

24 (B) DEFINITION OF PROTON POWER UP25 GRADE.—For the purposes of this paragraph, 


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1 the term ‘‘proton power upgrade’’ means the 

2 Spallation Neutron Source power upgrade de3 scribed in— 

4 (i) the publication of the Office of 

5 Science of the Department of Energy titled 

6 ‘‘Facilities for the Future of Science: A 

7 Twenty-Year Outlook’’, published Decem8 ber 2003; 

9 (ii) the publication of the Office of 

10 Science of the Department of Energy titled 

11 ‘‘Four Years Later: An Interim Report on 

12 Facilities for the Future of Science: A 

13 Twenty-Year Outlook’’, published August 

14 2007; and 

15 (iii) the publication approved by the 

16 Basic Energy Sciences Advisory Committee 

17 on June 9, 2016, titled ‘‘Report on Facil18 ity Upgrades’’. 

19 (C) START OF OPERATIONS.—The Sec20 retary shall, to the maximum extent practicable, 

21 ensure that the start of full operations of the 

22 upgrade under this paragraph occurs before De23 cember 31, 2025. 

24 (D) FUNDING.—Out of funds authorized 

25 to be appropriated under section 11 for Basic 


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1 Energy Sciences, there shall be made available 

2 to the Secretary to carry out the upgrade under 

3 this paragraph— 

4 (i) $36,000,000 for fiscal year 2018; 

5 and 

6 (ii) $60,800,000 for fiscal year 2019. 

7 (3) SPALLATION NEUTRON SOURCE SECOND

8 TARGET STATION.— 

9 (A) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall 

10 provide for a second target station for the 

11 Spallation Neutron Source. 

12 (B) DEFINITION OF SECOND TARGET STA13 TION.—For the purposes of this paragraph, the 

14 term ‘‘second target station’’ means the Spall15 ation Neutron Source second target station de16 scribed in— 

17 (i) the publication of the Office of 

18 Science of the Department of Energy titled 

19 ‘‘Facilities for the Future of Science: A 

20 Twenty-Year Outlook’’, published Decem21 ber 2003; 

22 (ii) the publication of the Office of 

23 Science of the Department of Energy titled 

24 ‘‘Four Years Later: An Interim Report on 

25 Facilities for the Future of Science: A 


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1 Twenty-Year Outlook’’, published August 

2 2007; and 

3 (iii) the publication approved by the 

4 Basic Energy Sciences Advisory Committee 

5 on June 9, 2016, titled ‘‘Report on Facil6 ity Upgrades’’. 

7 (C) START OF OPERATIONS.—The Sec8 retary shall, to the maximum extent practicable, 

9 ensure that the start of full operations of the 

10 second target station under this paragraph oc11 curs before December 31, 2030, with the option 

12 for early operation in 2028. 

13 (D) FUNDING.—Out of funds authorized 

14 to be appropriated under section 11 for Basic 

15 Energy Sciences, there shall be made available 

16 to the Secretary to carry out activities, includ17 ing construction, under this paragraph— 

18 (i) $5,000,000 for fiscal year 2018; 

19 and 

20 (ii) $10,000,000 for fiscal year 2019. 

21 (4) ADVANCED LIGHT SOURCE UPGRADE.— 

22 (A) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall 

23 provide for the upgrade to the Advanced Light 

24 Source described in the publication approved by 

25 the Basic Energy Sciences Advisory Committee 


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1 on June 9, 2016, titled ‘‘Report on Facility Up2 grades’’, including the development of a multi3 bend achromat lattice to produce a high flux of 

4 coherent x-rays within the soft x-ray energy re5 gion. 

6 (B) DEFINITIONS.—In this paragraph: 

7 (i) FLUX.—The term ‘‘flux’’ means 

8 the rate of flow of photons. 

9 (ii) SOFT X-RAY.—The term ‘‘soft x10 ray’’ means a photon with energy in the 

11 range from 50 to 2,000 electron volts. 

12 (C) START OF OPERATIONS.—The Sec13 retary shall, to the maximum extent practicable, 

14 ensure that the start of full operations of the 

15 upgrade under this paragraph occurs before De16 cember 31, 2026. 

17 (D) FUNDING.—Out of funds authorized 

18 to be appropriated under section 11 for Basic 

19 Energy Sciences, there shall be made available 

20 to the Secretary to carry out the upgrade under 

21 this paragraph— 

22 (i) $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2018; 

23 and 

24 (ii) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2019. 


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1 (5) LINAC COHERENT LIGHT SOURCE II HIGH

2 ENERGY UPGRADE.— 

3 (A) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall 

4 provide for the upgrade to the Linac Coherent 

5 Light Source II facility described in the publi6 cation approved by the Basic Energy Sciences 

7 Advisory Committee on June 9, 2016, titled 

8 ‘‘Report on Facility Upgrades’’, including the 

9 development of experimental capabilities for 

10 high energy x-rays to reveal fundamental sci11 entific discoveries. The Secretary shall ensure 

12 the upgrade under this paragraph enables the 

13 production and use of high energy, ultra-short 

14 pulse x-rays delivered at a high repetition rate. 

15 (B) DEFINITIONS.—In this paragraph: 

16 (i) HIGH ENERGY X-RAY.—The term a 

17 ‘‘high energy x-ray’’ means a photon with 

18 an energy at or exceeding 12 kiloelectron 

19 volts. 

20 (ii) HIGH REPETITION RATE.—The 

21 term ‘‘high repetition rate’’ means the de22 livery of x-ray pulses up to 1 million pulses 

23 per second. 

24 (iii) ULTRA-SHORT PULSE X-RAYS.— 

25 The term ‘‘ultra-short pulse x-rays’’ means 


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1 x-ray bursts capable of durations of less 

2 than 100 femtoseconds. 

3 (C) START OF OPERATIONS.—The Sec4 retary shall, to the maximum extent practicable, 

5 ensure that the start of full operations of the 

6 upgrade under this paragraph occurs before De7 cember 31, 2025. 

8 (D) FUNDING.—Out of funds authorized 

9 to be appropriated under section 11 for Basic 

10 Energy Sciences, there shall be made available 

11 to the Secretary to carry out the upgrade under 

12 this paragraph— 

13 (i) $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2018; 

14 and 

15 (ii) $55,000,000 for fiscal year 2019. 

16 (e) ACCELERATOR RESEARCH AND DEVELOP17 MENT.—The Director shall carry out research and devel18 opment on advanced accelerator and storage ring tech19 nologies relevant to the development of Basic Energy 

20 Sciences user facilities, in consultation with the Office of 

21 Science’s High Energy Physics and Nuclear Physics pro22 grams. 

23 (f) SOLAR FUELS RESEARCH INITIATIVE.— 


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1 (1) IN GENERAL.—Section 973 of the Energy 

2 Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16313) is amended 

3 to read as follows: 

4 ‘‘SEC. 973. SOLAR FUELS RESEARCH INITIATIVE. 

5 ‘‘(a) INITIATIVE.— 

6 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall carry 

7 out a research initiative, to be known as the ‘Solar 

8 Fuels Research Initiative’ (referred to in this section 

9 as the ‘Initiative’) to expand theoretical and funda10 mental knowledge of photochemistry, electro11 chemistry, biochemistry, and materials science useful 

12 for the practical development of experimental sys13 tems to convert solar energy to chemical energy. 

14 ‘‘(2) LEVERAGING.—In carrying out programs 

15 and activities under the Initiative, the Secretary 

16 shall leverage expertise and resources from— 

17 ‘‘(A) the Basic Energy Sciences Program 

18 and the Biological and Environmental Research 

19 Program of the Office of Science; and 

20 ‘‘(B) the Office of Energy Efficiency and 

21 Renewable Energy. 

22 ‘‘(3) TEAMS.— 

23 ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—In carrying out the 

24 Initiative, the Secretary shall organize activities 

25 among multidisciplinary teams to leverage, to 


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1 the maximum extent practicable, expertise from 

2 the National Laboratories, institutions of higher 

3 education, and the private sector. 

4 ‘‘(B) GOALS.—The multidisciplinary teams 

5 described in subparagraph (A) shall pursue ag6 gressive, milestone-driven, basic research goals. 

7 ‘‘(C) RESOURCES.—The Secretary shall 

8 provide sufficient resources to the multidisci9 plinary teams described in subparagraph (A) to 

10 achieve the goals described in subparagraph (B) 

11 over a period of time to be determined by the 

12 Secretary. 

13 ‘‘(4) ADDITIONAL ACTIVITIES.—The Secretary 

14 may organize additional activities under this sub15 section through Energy Frontier Research Centers, 

16 Energy Innovation Hubs, or other organizational 

17 structures. 

18 ‘‘(b) ARTIFICIAL PHOTOSYNTHESIS.— 

19 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall carry 

20 out under the Initiative a program to support re21 search needed to bridge scientific barriers to, and 

22 discover knowledge relevant to, artificial photosyn23 thetic systems. 

24 ‘‘(2) ACTIVITIES.—As part of the program de25 scribed in paragraph (1)— 


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1 ‘‘(A) the Director of the Office of Basic 

2 Energy Sciences shall support basic research to 

3 pursue distinct lines of scientific inquiry, in4 cluding— 

5 ‘‘(i) photoinduced production of hy6 drogen and oxygen from water; and 

7 ‘‘(ii) the sustainable photoinduced re8 duction of carbon dioxide to fuel products 

9 including hydrocarbons, alcohols, carbon 

10 monoxide, and natural gas; and 

11 ‘‘(B) the Assistant Secretary for Energy 

12 Efficiency and Renewable Energy shall support 

13 translational research, development, and valida14 tion of physical concepts developed under the 

15 program. 

16 ‘‘(3) STANDARD OF REVIEW.—The Secretary 

17 shall review activities carried out under the program 

18 described in paragraph (1) to determine the achieve19 ment of technical milestones. 

20 ‘‘(4) FUNDING.— 

21 ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—From within funds 

22 authorized to be appropriated under section 11 

23 of the Department of Energy Science and Inno24 vation Act of 2018, for Basic Energy Sciences, 

25 the Secretary shall make available for carrying 


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1 out activities under this subsection $50,000,000 

2 for each of fiscal years 2018 through 2019. 

3 ‘‘(B) PROHIBITION.—No funds allocated to 

4 the program described in paragraph (1) may be 

5 obligated or expended for commercial applica6 tion of energy technology. 

7 ‘‘(c) BIOCHEMISTRY, REPLICATION OF NATURAL

8 PHOTOSYNTHESIS, AND RELATED PROCESSES.— 

9 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall carry 

10 out under the Initiative a program to support re11 search needed to replicate natural photosynthetic 

12 processes by use of artificial photosynthetic compo13 nents and materials. 

14 ‘‘(2) ACTIVITIES.—As part of the program de15 scribed in paragraph (1)— 

16 ‘‘(A) the Director of the Office of Basic 

17 Energy Sciences shall support basic research to 

18 expand fundamental knowledge to replicate nat19 ural synthesis processes, including— 

20 ‘‘(i) the photoinduced reduction of 

21 dinitrogen to ammonia; 

22 ‘‘(ii) the absorption of carbon dioxide 

23 from ambient air; 

24 ‘‘(iii) molecular-based charge separa25 tion and storage; 


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1 ‘‘(iv) photoinitiated electron transfer; 

2 and 

3 ‘‘(v) catalysis in biological or bio4 mimetic systems; 

5 ‘‘(B) the Associate Director of Biological 

6 and Environmental Research shall support sys7 tems biology and genomics approaches to un8 derstand genetic and physiological pathways 

9 connected to photosynthetic mechanisms; and 

10 ‘‘(C) the Assistant Secretary for Energy 

11 Efficiency and Renewable Energy shall support 

12 translational research, development, and valida13 tion of physical concepts developed under the 

14 program. 

15 ‘‘(3) STANDARD OF REVIEW.—The Secretary 

16 shall review activities carried out under the program 

17 described in paragraph (1) to determine the achieve18 ment of technical milestones. 

19 ‘‘(4) FUNDING.— 

20 ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—From within funds 

21 authorized to be appropriated under section 11 

22 of the Department of Energy Science and Inno23 vation Act of 2018, for Basic Energy Sciences 

24 and Biological and Environmental Research, 

25 the Secretary shall make available for carrying 


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1 out activities under this subsection $50,000,000 

2 for each of fiscal years 2018 through 2019. 

3 ‘‘(B) PROHIBITION.—No funds allocated to 

4 the program described in paragraph (1) may be 

5 obligated or expended for commercial applica6 tion of energy technology.’’. 

7 (2) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—The table of 

8 contents for the Energy Policy Act of 2005 is 

9 amended by striking the item relating to section 973 

10 and inserting the following: 

‘‘Sec. 973. Solar fuels research initiative.’’. 

11 (g) ELECTRICITY STORAGE RESEARCH INITIA12 TIVE.— 

13 (1) IN GENERAL.—Section 975 of the Energy 

14 Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16315) is amended 

15 to read as follows: 

16 ‘‘SEC. 975. ELECTRICITY STORAGE RESEARCH INITIATIVE. 

17 ‘‘(a) INITIATIVE.— 

18 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall carry 

19 out a research initiative, to be known as the ‘Elec20 tricity Storage Research Initiative’ (referred to in 

21 this section as the ‘Initiative’)— 

22 ‘‘(A) to expand theoretical and funda23 mental knowledge to control, store, and con24 vert— 


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1 ‘‘(i) electrical energy to chemical en2 ergy; and 

3 ‘‘(ii) chemical energy to electrical en4 ergy; and 

5 ‘‘(B) to support scientific inquiry into the 

6 practical understanding of chemical and phys7 ical processes that occur within systems involv8 ing crystalline and amorphous solids, polymers, 

9 and organic and aqueous liquids. 

10 ‘‘(2) LEVERAGING.—In carrying out programs 

11 and activities under the Initiative, the Secretary 

12 shall leverage expertise and resources from— 

13 ‘‘(A) the Basic Energy Sciences Program, 

14 the Advanced Scientific Computing Research 

15 Program, and the Biological and Environmental 

16 Research Program of the Office of Science; and 

17 ‘‘(B) the Office of Energy Efficiency and 

18 Renewable Energy. 

19 ‘‘(3) TEAMS.— 

20 ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—In carrying out the 

21 Initiative, the Secretary shall organize activities 

22 among multidisciplinary teams to leverage, to 

23 the maximum extent practicable, expertise from 

24 the National Laboratories, institutions of higher 

25 education, and the private sector. 


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1 ‘‘(B) GOALS.—The multidisciplinary teams 

2 described in subparagraph (A) shall pursue ag3 gressive, milestone-driven, basic research goals. 

4 ‘‘(C) RESOURCES.—The Secretary shall 

5 provide sufficient resources to the multidisci6 plinary teams described in subparagraph (A) to 

7 achieve the goals described in subparagraph (B) 

8 over a period of time to be determined by the 

9 Secretary. 

10 ‘‘(4) ADDITIONAL ACTIVITIES.—The Secretary 

11 may organize additional activities under this sub12 section through Energy Frontier Research Centers, 

13 Energy Innovation Hubs, or other organizational 

14 structures. 

15 ‘‘(b) MULTIVALENT SYSTEMS.— 

16 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall carry 

17 out under the Initiative a program to support re18 search needed to bridge scientific barriers to, and 

19 discover knowledge relevant to, multivalent ion mate20 rials in electric energy storage systems. 

21 ‘‘(2) ACTIVITIES.—As part of the program de22 scribed in paragraph (1)— 

23 ‘‘(A) the Director of the Office of Basic 

24 Energy Sciences shall investigate electro25 chemical properties and the dynamics of mateVerDate Sep 11 2014 00:54 Jun 29, 2018 Jkt 079200 PO 00000 Frm 00019 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\H5905.PCS H5905

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1 rials, including charge transfer phenomena and 

2 mass transport in materials; and 

3 ‘‘(B) the Assistant Secretary for Energy 

4 Efficiency and Renewable Energy shall support 

5 translational research, development, and valida6 tion of physical concepts developed under the 

7 program. 

8 ‘‘(3) STANDARD OF REVIEW.—The Secretary 

9 shall review activities carried out under the program 

10 described in paragraph (1) to determine the achieve11 ment of technical milestones. 

12 ‘‘(4) FUNDING.— 

13 ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—From within funds 

14 authorized to be appropriated under section 11 

15 of the Department of Energy Science and Inno16 vation Act of 2018, for Basic Energy Sciences 

17 and Biological and Environmental Research, 

18 the Secretary shall make available for carrying 

19 out activities under this subsection $50,000,000 

20 for each of the fiscal years 2018 through 2019. 

21 ‘‘(B) PROHIBITION.—No funds allocated to 

22 the program described in paragraph (1) may be 

23 obligated or expended for commercial applica24 tion of energy technology. 


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1 ‘‘(c) ELECTROCHEMISTRY MODELING AND SIMULA2 TION.— 

3 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall carry 

4 out under the Initiative a program to support re5 search to model and simulate organic electrolytes, 

6 including the static and dynamic electrochemical be7 havior and phenomena of organic electrolytes at the 

8 molecular and atomic level in monovalent and multi9 valent systems. 

10 ‘‘(2) ACTIVITIES.—As part of the program de11 scribed in paragraph (1)— 

12 ‘‘(A) the Director of the Office of Basic 

13 Energy Sciences, in coordination with the Asso14 ciate Director of Advanced Scientific Com15 puting Research, shall support the development 

16 of high performance computational tools 

17 through a joint development process to maxi18 mize the effectiveness of current and projected 

19 high performance computing systems; and 

20 ‘‘(B) the Assistant Secretary for Energy 

21 Efficiency and Renewable Energy shall support 

22 translational research, development, and valida23 tion of physical concepts developed under the 

24 program. 


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1 ‘‘(3) STANDARD OF REVIEW.—The Secretary 

2 shall review activities carried out under the program 

3 described in paragraph (1) to determine the achieve4 ment of technical milestones. 

5 ‘‘(4) FUNDING.— 

6 ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—From within funds 

7 authorized to be appropriated under section 11 

8 of the Department of Energy Science and Inno9 vation Act of 2018, for Basic Energy Sciences 

10 and Advanced Scientific Computing Research, 

11 the Secretary shall make available for carrying 

12 out activities under this subsection $30,000,000 

13 for each of the fiscal years 2018 through 2019. 

14 ‘‘(B) PROHIBITION.—No funds allocated to 

15 the program described in paragraph (1) may be 

16 obligated or expended for commercial applica17 tion of energy technology. 

18 ‘‘(d) MESOSCALE ELECTROCHEMISTRY.— 

19 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall carry 

20 out under the Initiative a program to support re21 search needed to reveal electrochemistry in confined 

22 mesoscale spaces, including scientific discoveries rel23 evant to— 


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1 ‘‘(A) bio-electrochemistry and electro2 chemical energy conversion and storage in con3 fined spaces; and 

4 ‘‘(B) the dynamics of the phenomena de5 scribed in subparagraph (A). 

6 ‘‘(2) ACTIVITIES.—As part of the program de7 scribed in paragraph (1)— 

8 ‘‘(A) the Director of the Office of Basic 

9 Energy Sciences and the Associate Director of 

10 Biological and Environmental Research shall in11 vestigate phenomena of mesoscale electro12 chemical confinement for the purpose of repli13 cating and controlling new electrochemical be14 havior; and 

15 ‘‘(B) the Assistant Secretary for Energy 

16 Efficiency and Renewable Energy shall support 

17 translational research, development, and valida18 tion of physical concepts developed under the 

19 program. 

20 ‘‘(3) STANDARD OF REVIEW.—The Secretary 

21 shall review activities carried out under the program 

22 described in paragraph (1) to determine the achieve23 ment of technical milestones. 

24 ‘‘(4) FUNDING.— 


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1 ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—From within funds 

2 authorized to be appropriated under section 11 

3 of the Department of Energy Science and Inno4 vation Act of 2018, for Basic Energy Sciences 

5 and Biological and Environmental Research, 

6 the Secretary shall make available for carrying 

7 out activities under this subsection $20,000,000 

8 for each of fiscal years 2018 through 2019. 

9 ‘‘(B) PROHIBITION.—No funds allocated to 

10 the program described in paragraph (1) may be 

11 obligated or expended for commercial applica12 tion of energy technology.’’. 

13 (2) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—The table of 

14 contents for the Energy Policy Act of 2005 is 

15 amended by striking the item relating to section 975 

16 and inserting the following: 

‘‘Sec. 975. Electricity storage research initiative.’’. 

17 (h) ENERGY FRONTIER RESEARCH CENTERS.— 

18 (1) IN GENERAL.—The Director shall carry out 

19 a program to provide awards, on a competitive, 

20 merit-reviewed basis, to multi-institutional collabora21 tions or other appropriate entities to conduct funda22 mental and use-inspired energy research to accel23 erate scientific breakthroughs. 


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1 (2) COLLABORATIONS.—A collaboration receiv2 ing an award under this subsection may include mul3 tiple types of institutions and private sector entities. 

4 (3) SELECTION AND DURATION.— 

5 (A) IN GENERAL.—A collaboration under 

6 this subsection shall be selected for a period of 

7 4 years. 

8 (B) EXISTING CENTERS.—An Energy 

9 Frontier Research Center in existence and sup10 ported by the Director on the date of enactment 

11 of this Act may continue to receive support for 

12 a period of 4 years beginning on the date of es13 tablishment of that center. 

14 (C) REAPPLICATION.—After the end of the 

15 period described in subparagraph (A) or (B), as 

16 applicable, a recipient of an award may reapply 

17 for selection on a competitive, merit-reviewed 

18 basis. 

19 (D) TERMINATION.—Consistent with the 

20 existing authorities of the Department, the Di21 rector may terminate an underperforming cen22 ter for cause during the performance period. 

23 (i) MATERIALS RESEARCH DATABASE.— 

24 (1) IN GENERAL.—As part of the program in 

25 materials sciences and engineering, the Director 


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1 shall support the development of a web-based plat2 form to provide access to a database of computed in3 formation on known and predicted materials prop4 erties and computational tools to accelerate break5 throughs in materials discovery and design. 

6 (2) In carrying out this section, the Director 

7 shall— 

8 (A) conduct cooperative research with in9 dustry, academia, and other research institu10 tions to facilitate the design of novel materials; 

11 (B) leverage existing high performance 

12 computing systems to conduct high-throughput 

13 calculations, and develop computational and 

14 data mining algorithms for the prediction of 

15 material properties; 

16 (C) advance understanding, prediction, and 

17 manipulation of materials; 

18 (D) strengthen the foundation for new 

19 technologies and advanced manufacturing; and 

20 (E) drive the development of advanced ma21 terials for applications that span the Depart22 ment’s missions in energy, environment, and 

23 national security. 


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1 (3) In carrying out this section, the Director 

2 shall leverage programs and activities across the De3 partment. 

4 SEC. 5. ADVANCED SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING RESEARCH. 

5 (a) PROGRAM.—The Director shall carry out a re6 search, development, and demonstration program to ad7 vance computational and networking capabilities to ana8 lyze, model, simulate, and predict complex phenomena rel9 evant to the development of new energy technologies and 

10 the competitiveness of the United States. 

11 (b) AMERICAN SUPER COMPUTING LEADERSHIP.— 

12 (1) RENAMING OF ACT.— 

13 (A) IN GENERAL.—Section 1 of the De14 partment of Energy High-End Computing Revi15 talization Act of 2004 (15 U.S.C. 5501 note; 

16 Public Law 108–423) is amended by striking 

17 ‘‘Department of Energy High-End Computing 

18 Revitalization Act of 2004’’ and inserting 

19 ‘‘American Super Computing Leadership Act’’. 

20 (B) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—Section 

21 976(a)(1) of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 

22 U.S.C. 16316(1)) is amended by striking ‘‘De23 partment of Energy High-End Computing Revi24 talization Act of 2004’’ and inserting ‘‘Amer25 ican Super Computing Leadership Act’’. 


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1 (2) DEFINITIONS.—Section 2 of the American 

2 Super Computing Leadership Act (15 U.S.C. 5541), 

3 as renamed by paragraph (1), is amended— 

4 (A) by redesignating paragraphs (2) 

5 through (5) as paragraphs (3) through (6), re6 spectively; 

7 (B) by striking paragraph (1) and insert8 ing the following: 

9 ‘‘(1) DEPARTMENT.—The term ‘Department’ 

10 means the Department of Energy. 

11 ‘‘(2) EXASCALE COMPUTING.—The term 

12 ‘exascale computing’ means computing through the 

13 use of a computing machine that performs near or 

14 above 10 to the 18th power operations per second.’’; 

15 and 

16 (C) in paragraph (6) (as redesignated by 

17 subparagraph (A)), by striking ‘‘, acting 

18 through the Director of the Office of Science of 

19 the Department of Energy’’. 

20 (3) DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY HIGH-END COM21 PUTING RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM.— 

22 Section 3 of the American Super Computing Leader23 ship Act (15 U.S.C. 5542), as renamed by para24 graph (1), is amended— 


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1 (A) in subsection (a)(1), by striking ‘‘pro2 gram’’ and inserting ‘‘coordinated program 

3 across the Department’’; 

4 (B) in subsection (b)(2), by striking ‘‘, 

5 which may’’ and all that follows through 

6 ‘‘multithreading architectures’’; and 

7 (C) by striking subsection (d) and insert8 ing the following: 

9 ‘‘(d) EXASCALE COMPUTING PROGRAM.— 

10 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall con11 duct a research program (referred to in this sub12 section as the ‘Program’) for exascale computing, in13 cluding the development of two or more exascale 

14 computing machine architectures, to promote the 

15 missions of the Department. 

16 ‘‘(2) EXECUTION.— 

17 ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—In carrying out the 

18 Program, the Secretary shall— 

19 ‘‘(i) establish a National Laboratory 

20 partnership for industry partners and in21 stitutions of higher education for codesign 

22 of exascale hardware, technology, software, 

23 and applications across all applicable orga24 nizations of the Department; 


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1 ‘‘(ii) acquire multiple exascale com2 puting systems at the existing Depart3 mental facilities that represent at least two 

4 distinct technology options developed under 

5 clause (i); 

6 ‘‘(iii) develop such advancements in 

7 hardware and software technology as are 

8 required to fully realize the potential of an 

9 exascale production system in addressing 

10 Department target applications and solving 

11 scientific problems involving predictive 

12 modeling and simulation, large scale data 

13 analytics and management, and artificial 

14 intelligence; 

15 ‘‘(iv) explore the use of exascale com16 puting technologies to advance a broad 

17 range of science and engineering; and 

18 ‘‘(v) provide, as appropriate, on a 

19 competitive, merit-reviewed basis, access 

20 for researchers in industries in the United 

21 States, institutions of higher education, 

22 National Laboratories, and other Federal 

23 agencies to the exascale computing systems 

24 developed pursuant to clause (i). 


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1 ‘‘(B) SELECTION OF PARTNERS.—The Sec2 retary shall select the partnerships with the 

3 computing facilities of the Department under 

4 subparagraph (A) through a competitive, peer5 review process. 

6 ‘‘(3) CODESIGN AND APPLICATION DEVELOP7 MENT.— 

8 ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall— 

9 ‘‘(i) carry out the Program through 

10 an integration of applications, computer 

11 science, applied mathematics, and com12 puter hardware architecture using the 

13 partnerships established pursuant to para14 graph (2) to ensure that, to the maximum 

15 extent practicable, two or more exascale 

16 computing machine architectures are capa17 ble of solving Department target applica18 tions and broader scientific problems, in19 cluding predictive modeling and simulation, 

20 large scale data analytics and manage21 ment, and artificial intelligence; and 

22 ‘‘(ii) conduct outreach programs to in23 crease the readiness for the use of such 

24 platforms by domestic industries, including 

25 manufacturers. 


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1 ‘‘(B) REPORT.—(i) The Secretary shall 

2 submit to Congress a report describing how the 

3 integration under subparagraph (A) is fur4 thering application science data and computa5 tional workloads across application interests, in6 cluding national security, material science, 

7 physical science, cybersecurity, biological 

8 science, the Materials Genome and BRAIN Ini9 tiatives of the President, advanced manufac10 turing, and the national electric grid. 

11 ‘‘(ii) The roles and responsibilities of Na12 tional Laboratories and industry, including the 

13 definition of the roles and responsibilities within 

14 the Department to ensure an integrated pro15 gram across the Department. 

16 ‘‘(4) PROJECT REVIEW.— 

17 ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The exascale architec18 tures developed pursuant to partnerships estab19 lished pursuant to paragraph (2) shall be re20 viewed through a project review process. 

21 ‘‘(B) REPORT.—Not later than 90 days 

22 after the date of enactment of this subsection, 

23 the Secretary shall submit to Congress a report 

24 on— 


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1 ‘‘(i) the results of the review con2 ducted under subparagraph (A); and 

3 ‘‘(ii) the coordination and manage4 ment of the Program to ensure an inte5 grated research program across the De6 partment. 

7 ‘‘(5) ANNUAL REPORTS.—At the time of the 

8 budget submission of the Department for each fiscal 

9 year, the Secretary, in consultation with the mem10 bers of the partnerships established pursuant to 

11 paragraph (2), shall submit to Congress a report 

12 that describes funding for the Program as a whole 

13 by functional element of the Department and critical 

14 milestones.’’. 

15 (c) HIGH-PERFORMANCE COMPUTING AND NET16 WORKING RESEARCH.—The Director shall support re17 search in high-performance computing and networking rel18 evant to energy applications, including modeling, simula19 tion, machine learning, and advanced data analytics for 

20 basic and applied energy research programs carried out 

21 by the Secretary. 

22 (d) APPLIED MATHEMATICS AND SOFTWARE DEVEL23 OPMENT FOR HIGH-END COMPUTING SYSTEMS, COM24 PUTATIONAL, AND COMPUTER SCIENCES RESEARCH.— 


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1 (1) IN GENERAL.—The Director shall carry out 

2 activities to develop, test, and support— 

3 (A) mathematics, models, statistics, and al4 gorithms for complex systems and programming 

5 environments; and 

6 (B) tools, languages, and operations for 

7 high-end computing systems (as defined in sec8 tion 2 of the American Super Computing Lead9 ership Act (15 U.S.C. 5541), as renamed by 

10 this section). 

11 (2) PORTFOLIO BALANCE.—The Director shall 

12 maintain a balanced portfolio within the advanced 

13 scientific computing research and development pro14 gram established under section 976 of the Energy 

15 Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16316) that supports 

16 robust investment in applied mathematical, com17 putational, and computer sciences research while ac18 commodating necessary investments in high-perform19 ance computing hardware and facilities. 

20 (e) WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT.—The Director of 

21 the Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research 

22 shall support the development of a computational science 

23 workforce through a program that— 


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1 (1) facilitates collaboration between university 

2 students and researchers at the National Labora3 tories; and 

4 (2) endeavors to advance science in areas rel5 evant to the mission of the Department through the 

6 application of computational science. 

7 SEC. 6. HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS. 

8 (a) PROGRAM.—The Director shall carry out a re9 search program on the fundamental constituents of matter 

10 and energy and the nature of space and time. 

11 (b) MISSION.—The mission of the program described 

12 in subsection (a) shall be to support theoretical and experi13 mental research in both elementary particle physics and 

14 fundamental accelerator science and technology to under15 stand fundamental properties of the universe. 

16 (c) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of the Con17 gress that— 

18 (1) the Director should incorporate the findings 

19 and recommendations of the Particle Physics Project 

20 Prioritization Panel’s report entitled ‘‘Building for 

21 Discovery: Strategic Plan for U.S. Particle Physics 

22 in the Global Context’’, into the Department’s plan23 ning process as part of the program described in 

24 subsection (a); 


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1 (2) the Director should prioritize domestically 

2 hosted research projects that will maintain the 

3 United States position as a global leader in particle 

4 physics and attract the world’s most talented physi5 cists and foreign investment for international col6 laboration; and 

7 (3) the nations that lead in particle physics by 

8 hosting international teams dedicated to a common 

9 scientific goal attract the world’s best talent and in10 spire future generations of physicists and tech11 nologists. 

12 (d) NEUTRINO RESEARCH.—As part of the program 

13 described in subsection (a), the Director shall carry out 

14 research activities on rare decay processes and the nature 

15 of the neutrino, which may include collaborations with the 

16 National Science Foundation or international collabora17 tions. 

18 (e) LONG-BASELINE NEUTRINO FACILITY FOR DEEP

19 UNDERGROUND NEUTRINO EXPERIMENT.— 

20 (1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall provide 

21 for a Long-Baseline Neutrino Facility to facilitate 

22 the international Deep Underground Neutrino Ex23 periment to enable a program in neutrino physics to 

24 measure the fundamental properties of neutrinos, exVerDate Sep 11 2014 00:54 Jun 29, 2018 Jkt 079200 PO 00000 Frm 00036 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\H5905.PCS H5905

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1 plore physics beyond the Standard Model, and better 

2 clarify the nature of matter and antimatter. 

3 (2) FACILITY CAPABILITIES.—The Secretary 

4 shall ensure that the facility described in paragraph 

5 (1) will provide, at a minimum, the following capa6 bilities: 

7 (A) A broad-band neutrino beam capable 

8 of 1.2 megawatts (MW) of beam power and 

9 upgradable to 2.4 MW of beam power. 

10 (B) Four caverns excavated for a 40 kil11 oton fiducial detector mass and supporting sur12 face buildings and utilities. 

13 (C) Neutrino detector facilities at both the 

14 Far Site in South Dakota and the Near Site in 

15 Illinois to categorize and study neutrinos on 

16 their 800-mile journey between the two sites. 

17 (D) Cryogenic systems to support neutrino 

18 detectors. 

19 (3) START OF OPERATIONS.—The Secretary 

20 shall, to the maximum extent practicable, ensure 

21 that the start of full operations of the facility under 

22 this subsection occurs before December 31, 2026. 

23 (4) FUNDING.—Out of funds authorized to be 

24 appropriated under section 11 for High Energy 

25 Physics, there shall be made available to the SecVerDate Sep 11 2014 00:54 Jun 29, 2018 Jkt 079200 PO 00000 Frm 00037 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\H5905.PCS H5905

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1 retary to carry out activities, including construction 

2 of the facility, under this subsection— 

3 (A) $95,000,000 for fiscal year 2018; and 

4 (B) $175,000,000 for fiscal year 2019. 

5 (5) DARK ENERGY AND DARK MATTER RE6 SEARCH.—As part of the program described in para7 graph (1), the Director shall carry out research ac8 tivities on the nature of dark energy and dark mat9 ter, which may include collaborations with the Na10 tional Aeronautics and Space Administration or the 

11 National Science Foundation, or international col12 laborations. 

13 (6) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATION.—The 

14 Director, as practicable and in coordination with 

15 other appropriate Federal agencies as necessary, 

16 shall ensure the access of United States researchers 

17 to the most advanced accelerator facilities and re18 search capabilities in the world, including the Large 

19 Hadron Collider. 

20 SEC. 7. BIOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH. 

21 (a) PROGRAM.—The Director shall carry out a pro22 gram of basic research in the areas of biological systems 

23 science and environmental science relevant to the develop24 ment of new energy technologies and to support DepartVerDate Sep 11 2014 00:54 Jun 29, 2018 Jkt 079200 PO 00000 Frm 00038 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\H5905.PCS H5905

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1 ment missions in energy, environment, and national secu2 rity. 

3 (b) BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS.—The Director shall carry 

4 out research and development activities in fundamental, 

5 structural, computational, and systems biology to increase 

6 systems-level understanding of the complex biological sys7 tems, which may include activities— 

8 (1) to accelerate breakthroughs and new knowl9 edge that would enable the cost-effective, sustainable 

10 production of— 

11 (A) biomass-based liquid transportation 

12 fuels; 

13 (B) bioenergy; and 

14 (C) biobased materials; 

15 (2) to improve understanding of the global car16 bon cycle, including processes for removing carbon 

17 dioxide from the atmosphere, through photosynthesis 

18 and other biological processes, for sequestration and 

19 storage; and 

20 (3) to understand the biological mechanisms 

21 used to transform, immobilize, or remove contami22 nants from subsurface environments. 

23 (c) BIOENERGY RESEARCH CENTERS.— 

24 (1) IN GENERAL.—In carrying out activities 

25 under subsection (a), the Director shall select and 


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1 establish up to four bioenergy research centers to 

2 conduct basic and fundamental research in plant 

3 and microbial systems biology, bio imaging and anal4 ysis, and genomics to inform the production of fuels, 

5 chemicals from sustainable biomass resources, and 

6 to facilitate the translation of basic research results 

7 to industry. 

8 (2) SELECTION.—The Director shall select cen9 ters under paragraph (1) on a competitive, merit-re10 viewed basis. The Director shall consider applica11 tions from National Laboratories, multi-institutional 

12 collaborations, and other appropriate entities. 

13 (3) DURATION.—A center established under 

14 this subsection shall receive support for a period of 

15 not more than 5 years, subject to the availability of 

16 appropriations. 

17 (4) EXISTING CENTERS.—The Director may se18 lect a center for participation under this subsection 

19 that is in existence, or undergoing a renewal process, 

20 on the date of enactment of this Act. Such center 

21 shall be eligible to receive support for the duration 

22 the 5-year period beginning on the date of establish23 ment of such center. 

24 (5) RENEWAL.—Upon the expiration of any pe25 riod of support of a center under this subsection, the 


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1 Director may renew support for the center, on a 

2 merit-reviewed basis, for a period of not more than 

3 5 years. 

4 (6) TERMINATION.—Consistent with the exist5 ing authorities of the Department, the Director may 

6 terminate an underperforming center for cause dur7 ing the performance period. 

8 (d) LOW DOSE RADIATION RESEARCH PROGRAM.— 

9 (1) IN GENERAL.—Subtitle G of title IX of the 

10 Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16311 et 

11 seq.) is amended by inserting after section 977 the 

12 following new section: 

13 ‘‘SEC. 977A. LOW-DOSE RADIATION RESEARCH PROGRAM. 

14 ‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall carry out a 

15 basic research program on low-dose radiation to— 

16 ‘‘(1) enhance the scientific understanding of, 

17 and reduce uncertainties associated with, the effects 

18 of exposure to low-dose radiation; and 

19 ‘‘(2) inform improved risk-assessment and risk20 management methods with respect to such radiation. 

21 ‘‘(b) PROGRAM COMPONENTS.—In carrying out the 

22 program required under subsection (a), the Secretary 

23 shall— 

24 ‘‘(1) formulate scientific goals for low-dose radi25 ation basic research in the United States; 


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1 ‘‘(2) identify ongoing scientific challenges for 

2 understanding the long-term effects of ionizing radi3 ation on biological systems; 

4 ‘‘(3) develop a long-term strategic and 

5 prioritized basic research agenda to address such 

6 scientific challenges in coordination with other re7 search efforts; 

8 ‘‘(4) leverage the collective body of knowledge 

9 from existing low-dose radiation research; and 

10 ‘‘(5) engage with other Federal agencies, re11 search communities, and potential users of informa12 tion produced under this section, including institu13 tions concerning radiation research, medical physics, 

14 radiology, health physics, and emergency response. 

15 ‘‘(c) COORDINATION.—In carrying out the program, 

16 the Secretary, in coordination with the Physical Science 

17 Subcommittee of the National Science and Technology 

18 Council, shall— 

19 ‘‘(1) support the directives under section 106 of 

20 the American Innovation and Competitiveness Act 

21 (42 U.S.C. 6601 note); 

22 ‘‘(2) ensure that the Office of Science of the 

23 Department of Energy consults with the National 

24 Aeronautics and Space Administration, the National 

25 Institutes of Health, the Environmental Protection 


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1 Agency, the Department of Defense, the Nuclear 

2 Regulatory Commission, and the Department of 

3 Homeland Security; 

4 ‘‘(3) advise and assist the National Science and 

5 Technology Council on policies and initiatives in ra6 diation biology, including enhancing scientific knowl7 edge of the effects of low-dose radiation on biological 

8 systems to improve radiation risk-assessment and 

9 risk-management methods; and 

10 ‘‘(4) identify opportunities to stimulate inter11 national cooperation relating to low-dose radiation 

12 and leverage research and knowledge from sources 

13 outside of the United States. 

14 ‘‘(d) RESEARCH PLAN.—Not later than 180 days 

15 after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall 

16 transmit to the Committee on Science, Space, and Tech17 nology of the House of Representatives and the Committee 

18 on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate a 4-year 

19 research plan that identifies and prioritizes basic research 

20 needs relating to low-dose radiation. In developing such 

21 plan, the Secretary shall incorporate the components de22 scribed in subsection (b). 

23 ‘‘(e) DEFINITION OF LOW-DOSE RADIATION.—In 

24 this section, the term ‘low-dose radiation’ means a radi25 ation dose of less than 100 millisieverts. 


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1 ‘‘(f) RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.—Nothing in this sec2 tion shall be construed to subject any research carried out 

3 by the Secretary for the program under this section to 

4 any limitations described in 977(e) of the Energy Policy 

5 Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16317(e)). 

6 ‘‘(g) FUNDING.—From within funds authorized to be 

7 appropriated under section 11 of the Department of En8 ergy Science and Innovation Act of 2018, for Biological 

9 and Environmental Research, the Secretary make avail10 able to carry out this section— 

11 ‘‘(1) $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2018; and 

12 ‘‘(2) $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2019.’’. 

13 (2) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—The table of 

14 contents for subtitle G of title IX of the Energy Pol15 icy Act of 2005 is amended by inserting after the 

16 item relating to section 977 the following: 

‘‘977A. Low-dose radiation research program.’’. 

17 (e) MODELING RESEARCH.—As part of the activities 

18 described in subsection (a), the Director is authorized to 

19 carry out research to develop multiscale computational 

20 models that incorporate and examine interactions among 

21 human and earth systems. 

22 (f) LIMITATION FOR RESEARCH FUNDS.—The Direc23 tor shall not approve new climate science-related initia24 tives without making a determination that such work is 


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1 well-coordinated with any relevant work carried out by 

2 other Federal agencies. 

3 SEC. 8. FUSION ENERGY. 

4 (a) PROGRAM.—The Director shall carry out a fusion 

5 energy sciences research program to expand the under6 standing of plasmas and matter at very high temperatures 

7 and densities and build the science and engineering foun8 dation needed to develop a fusion energy source. 

9 (b) INERTIAL FUSION ENERGY RESEARCH AND DE10 VELOPMENT PROGRAM.—The Secretary shall carry out a 

11 program of research and technology development in iner12 tial fusion for energy applications, including ion beam, 

13 laser, and pulsed power fusion systems. 

14 (c) TOKAMAK RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT.— 

15 (1) IN GENERAL.—The Director shall support 

16 research and development activities and facility oper17 ations to optimize the tokamak approach to fusion 

18 energy. 

19 (2) INTERNATIONAL THERMONUCLEAR EXPERI20 MENTAL REACTOR CONSTRUCTION.—Section 972 of 

21 the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16312) 

22 is amended by adding at the end the following new 

23 paragraph: 

24 ‘‘(7) ITER CONSTRUCTION.— 


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1 ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—There is authorized 

2 United States participation in the construction 

3 and operations of the ITER project, as agreed 

4 to under the April 25, 2007 ‘Agreement on the 

5 Establishment of the ITER International Fu6 sion Energy Organization for the Joint Imple7 mentation of the ITER Project.’. 

8 ‘‘(B) FACILITY REQUIREMENTS.—The Sec9 retary shall ensure that the mission-oriented 

10 user facility will enable the study of a burning 

11 plasma, and shall be built to have the following 

12 characteristics in its full configuration: 

13 ‘‘(i) A tokamak device with a plasma 

14 radius of 6.2 meters and a magnetic field 

15 of 5.3 T. 

16 ‘‘(ii) Capable of creating and sus17 taining a 15-million-Ampere plasma cur18 rent for greater than 300 seconds. 

19 ‘‘(C) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIA20 TIONS.—From within funds authorized to be 

21 appropriated under section 11 of the Depart22 ment of Energy Science and Innovation Act of 

23 2018, for Fusion Energy Sciences, there is au24 thorized for in-kind contributions under this 

25 paragraph— 


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1 ‘‘(i) $122,000,000 for fiscal year 

2 2018; and 

3 ‘‘(ii) $163,000,000 for fiscal year 

4 2019. 

5 ‘‘(D) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIA6 TIONS.—From within funds authorized to be 

7 appropriated under section 11 of the Depart8 ment of Energy Science and Innovation Act of 

9 2018, for Fusion Energy Sciences, there is au10 thorized for cash contributions under this para11 graph— 

12 ‘‘(i) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2018; 

13 and 

14 ‘‘(ii) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 

15 2019.’’. 

16 (d) ALTERNATIVE AND ENABLING CONCEPTS.— 

17 (1) IN GENERAL.—As part of the program de18 scribed in subsection (a), the Director shall support 

19 research and development activities and facility oper20 ations at United States universities, national labora21 tories, and private facilities for a portfolio of alter22 native and enabling fusion energy concepts that may 

23 provide solutions to significant challenges to the es24 tablishment of a commercial magnetic fusion power 

25 plant, prioritized based on the ability of the United 


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1 States to play a leadership role in the international 

2 fusion research community. Fusion energy concepts 

3 and activities explored under this paragraph may in4 clude— 

5 (A) high magnetic field approaches facili6 tated by high temperature superconductors; 

7 (B) advanced stellarator concepts; 

8 (C) non-tokamak confinement configura9 tions operating at low magnetic fields; 

10 (D) magnetized target fusion energy con11 cepts; 

12 (E) liquid metals to address issues associ13 ated with fusion plasma interactions with the 

14 inner wall of the encasing device; 

15 (F) immersion blankets for heat manage16 ment and fuel breeding; 

17 (G) advanced scientific computing activi18 ties; and 

19 (H) other promising fusion energy con20 cepts identified by the Director. 

21 (2) COORDINATION WITH ARPA–E.—The Under 

22 Secretary and the Director shall coordinate with the 

23 Director of the Advanced Research Projects Agency– 

24 Energy (in this paragraph referred to as ‘‘ARPA– 

25 E’’) to— 


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1 (A) assess the potential for any fusion en2 ergy project supported by ARPA–E to rep3 resent a promising approach to a commercially 

4 viable fusion power plant; 

5 (B) determine whether the results of any 

6 fusion energy project supported by ARPA–E 

7 merit the support of follow-on research activi8 ties carried out by the Office of Science; and 

9 (C) avoid unintentional duplication of ac10 tivities. 

11 (e) FAIRNESS IN COMPETITION FOR SOLICITATIONS

12 FOR INTERNATIONAL PROJECT ACTIVITIES.—Section 33 

13 of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 (42 U.S.C. 2053) is 

14 amended by inserting before the first sentence the fol15 lowing: ‘‘In this section, with respect to international re16 search projects, the term ‘private facilities or laboratories’ 

17 means facilities or laboratories located in the United 

18 States.’’. 

19 (f) IDENTIFICATION OF PRIORITIES.— 

20 (1) REPORT.— 

21 (A) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 2 years 

22 after the date of enactment of this Act, the Sec23 retary shall submit to Congress a report on the 

24 fusion energy research and development activi25 ties that the Department proposes to carry out 


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1 over the 10-year period following the date of 

2 the report under not fewer than three realistic 

3 budget scenarios, including a scenario based on 

4 3-percent annual growth in the non-ITER por5 tion of the budget for fusion energy research 

6 and development activities. 

7 (B) INCLUSIONS.—The report required 

8 under subparagraph (A) shall— 

9 (i) identify specific areas of fusion en10 ergy research and enabling technology de11 velopment, including activities to advance 

12 inertial and alternative fusion energy con13 cepts, in which the United States can and 

14 should establish or solidify a lead in the 

15 global fusion energy development effort; 

16 (ii) identify priorities for initiation of 

17 facility construction and facility decommis18 sioning under each of the three budget sce19 narios described in subparagraph (A); and 

20 (iii) assess the ability of the fusion 

21 workforce of the United States to carry out 

22 the activities identified under clauses (i) 

23 and (ii), including the adequacy of pro24 grams at institutions of higher education 

25 in the United States to train the leaders 


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1 and workers of the next generation of fu2 sion energy researchers. 

3 (2) PROCESS.—In order to develop the report 

4 required under paragraph (1)(A), the Secretary shall 

5 leverage best practices and lessons learned from the 

6 process used to develop the most recent report of the 

7 Particle Physics Project Prioritization Panel of the 

8 High Energy Physics Advisory Panel. 

9 (3) REQUIREMENT.—No member of the Fusion 

10 Energy Sciences Advisory Committee shall be ex11 cluded from participating in developing or voting on 

12 final approval of the report required under para13 graph (1)(A). 

14 SEC. 9. NUCLEAR PHYSICS. 

15 (a) PROGRAM.—The Director shall carry out a pro16 gram of experimental and theoretical research, and sup17 port associated facilities, to discover, explore, and under18 stand all forms of nuclear matter. 

19 (b) ISOTOPE DEVELOPMENT AND PRODUCTION FOR

20 RESEARCH APPLICATIONS.—The Director— 

21 (1) may carry out a program for the production 

22 of isotopes, including the development of techniques 

23 to produce isotopes, that the Secretary determines 

24 are needed for research, medical, industrial, or re25 lated purposes; and 


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1 (2) shall ensure that isotope production activi2 ties carried out under the program under this para3 graph do not compete with private industry unless 

4 the Director determines that critical national inter5 ests require the involvement of the Federal Govern6 ment. 

7 (c) RENAMING OF THE RARE ISOTOPE ACCEL8 ERATOR.—Section 981 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 

9 (42 U.S.C. 16321) is amended— 

10 (1) in the section heading, by striking ‘‘RARE

11 ISOTOPE ACCELERATOR’’ and inserting ‘‘FACIL12 ITY FOR RARE ISOTOPE BEAMS’’; and 

13 (2) by striking ‘‘Rare Isotope Accelerator’’ each 

14 place it appears and inserting ‘‘Facility for Rare Iso15 tope Beams’’. 

16 (d) FACILITY FOR RARE ISOTOPE BEAMS.— 

17 (1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall provide 

18 for a Facility for Rare Isotope Beams to advance the 

19 understanding of rare nuclear isotopes and the evo20 lution of the cosmos. 

21 (2) FACILITY CAPABILITY.—In carrying out 

22 paragraph (1), the Secretary shall provide for, at a 

23 minimum, a rare isotope beam facility capable of 

24 400 kW of beam power. 


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1 (3) START OF OPERATIONS.—The Secretary 

2 shall, to the maximum extent practicable, ensure 

3 that the start of full operations of the facility under 

4 this subsection occurs before June 30, 2022, with 

5 early operation in 2018. 

6 (4) FUNDING.—Out of funds authorized to be 

7 appropriated under section 11 for Nuclear Physics, 

8 there shall be made available to the Secretary to 

9 carry out activities, including construction of the fa10 cility, under this subsection— 

11 (A) $101,200,000 for fiscal year 2018; and 

12 (B) $86,000,000 for fiscal year 2019. 

13 SEC. 10. SCIENCE LABORATORIES INFRASTRUCTURE PRO14 GRAM. 

15 (a) IN GENERAL.—The Director shall carry out a 

16 program to improve the safety, efficiency, and mission 

17 readiness of infrastructure at Office of Science labora18 tories. The program shall include projects to— 

19 (1) renovate or replace space that does not 

20 meet research needs; 

21 (2) replace facilities that are no longer cost ef22 fective to renovate or operate; 

23 (3) modernize utility systems to prevent failures 

24 and ensure efficiency; 


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1 (4) remove excess facilities to allow safe and ef2 ficient operations; and 

3 (5) construct modern facilities to conduct ad4 vanced research in controlled environmental condi5 tions. 

6 (b) APPROACH.—In carrying out this section, the Di7 rector shall utilize all available approaches and mecha8 nisms, including capital line items, minor construction 

9 projects, energy savings performance contracts, utility en10 ergy service contracts, alternative financing, and expense 

11 funding, as appropriate. 

12 SEC. 11. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. 

13 (a) FISCAL YEAR 2018.—There are authorized to be 

14 appropriated to the Secretary for the Office of Science for 

15 fiscal year 2018 $6,259,903,000, of which— 

16 (1) $2,090,000,000 shall be for Basic Energy 

17 Science; 

18 (2) $908,000,000 shall be for High Energy 

19 Physics; 

20 (3) $673,000,000 shall be for Biological and 

21 Environmental Research; 

22 (4) $684,000,000 shall be for Nuclear Physics; 

23 (5) $810,000,000 shall be for Advanced Sci24 entific Computing Research; 


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1 (6) $532,111,000 shall be for Fusion Energy 

2 Sciences; 

3 (7) $257,292,000 shall be for Science Labora4 tories Infrastructure; 

5 (8) $183,000,000 shall be for Science Program 

6 Direction; 

7 (9) $103,000,000 shall be for Safeguards and 

8 Security; and 

9 (10) $19,500,000 shall be for Workforce Devel10 opment for Teachers and Scientists. 

11 (b) FISCAL YEAR 2019.—There are authorized to be 

12 appropriated to the Secretary for the Office of Science for 

13 fiscal year 2019 $6,600,000,000, of which— 

14 (1) $2,129,233,000 shall be for Basic Energy 

15 Science; 

16 (2) $1,004,510,000 shall be for High Energy 

17 Physics; 

18 (3) $673,000,000 shall be for Biological and 

19 Environmental Research; 

20 (4) $690,000,000 shall be for Nuclear Physics; 

21 (5) $899,010,000 shall be for Advanced Sci22 entific Computing Research; 

23 (6) $640,000,000 shall be for Fusion Energy 

24 Sciences; 


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1 (7) $257,292,000 shall be for Science Labora2 tories Infrastructure; 

3 (8) $181,345,000 shall be for Science Program 

4 Direction; 

5 (9) $106,110,000 shall be for Safeguards and 

6 Security; and 

7 (10) $19,500,000 shall be for Workforce Devel8 opment for Teachers and Scientists. 

Passed the House of Representatives June 27, 2018. 

Attest: KAREN L. HAAS, 

Clerk. 


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Calendar No. 496 

115TH CONGRESS 

2D SESSION H. R. 5905 

AN ACT 

To authorize basic research programs in the Deyears 2018 and 2019. partment of Energy Office of Science for fiscal 

JUNE 28, 2018 

Received; read twice and placed on the calendar 


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