ORAU TEAM

Dose Reconstruction

Project for NIOSH

Oak Ridge Associated Universities I Dade Moeller I MJW Technical Services

Page 1 of 106

DOE Review Release 02/14/2013

Document Title:

Mound Site – Occupational Environmental 

Dose

Document Number: ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 

Revision: 01

Effective Date: 02/07/2013

Type of Document: TBD

Supersedes: Revision 00 PC-1

Subject Expert(s): Donald N. Stewart and Robert M. Leib

Approval: Signature on File Approval Date: 01/31/2013

Donald N. Stewart, Document Owner

Concurrence: Signature on File Concurrence Date: 01/28/2013

John M. Byrne, Objective 1 Manager

Concurrence: Susan Winslow Signature on File for Concurrence Date: 01/30/2013

Edward F. Maher, Objective 3 Manager

Concurrence: Vickie S. Short Signature on File for Concurrence Date: 01/28/2013

Kate Kimpan, Project Director

Approval: Signature on File Approval Date: 02/07/2013

James W. Neton, Associate Director for Science

New Total Rewrite Revision Page Change

FOR DOCUMENTS MARKED AS A TOTAL REWRITE, REVISION, OR PAGE CHANGE, REPLACE THE PRIOR 

REVISION AND DISCARD / DESTROY ALL COPIES OF THE PRIOR REVISION.
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 01 Effective Date: 02/07/2013 Page 2 of 106

PUBLICATION RECORD

EFFECTIVE 

DATE

REVISION 

NUMBER DESCRIPTION

10/06/2004 00 First approved issue. Initiated by Jeffrey S. Vollmer.

03/13/2009 00 PC-1 Approved page change initiated to remove information pertaining to 

Monsanto Chemical Company, the subject of a class of employees 

added to the Special Exposure Cohort. The changes necessitated 

the reordering and renumbering of tables on the following pages: 9, 

10, 12 - 34 in Sections 4.2 and 4.3. NIOSH required language was 

revised on pages 7 and 8 in Section 4.1. Updated NIOSH reference 

on page 48. No sections were deleted. Incorporates formal internal 

and NIOSH review comments. Training required: As determined by 

the Task Manager. Initiated by Donald N. Stewart.

Signature on File_____________ _______________03/04/2009

Donald N. Stewart, Document Owner

Signature on File_____________ _______________03/04/2009 John M. Byrne, Task 3 Manager

Signature on File _____________ _______________03/04/2009

Edward F. Maher, Task 5 Manager

Signature on File_____________ _______________03/11/2009

Kate Kimpan, Project Director

Signature on File_____________ _______________03/13/2009

James W. Neton, Associate Director for Science

02/07/2013 01 Revision initiated to add Special Exposure Cohort Section 4.1.3. 

Revised Table 4-1 to include end of operation and end of 

remediation. Revised Section 4.3 to provide direction for assigning 

environmental dose from 2003 to 2010. Made editorial changes and 

removed text and references for the Dayton Project. Incorporates 

formal internal and NIOSH review comments. Training required: As 

determined by the Objective Manager. Initiated by Donald N. 

Stewart and Robert M. Leib.
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 01 Effective Date: 02/07/2013 Page 3 of 106

TABLE OF CONTENTS

SECTION TITLE PAGE

Acronyms and Abbreviations ............................................................................................................... 6

4.1 Introduction .............................................................................................................................. 8

4.1.1 Purpose........................................................................................................................ 9

4.1.2 Scope........................................................................................................................... 9

4.1.3 Special Exposure Cohort Petition Information for the Mound Plant............................... 9

4.2 Mound Laboratory.................................................................................................................. 10

4.2.1 Environmental Air Monitoring...................................................................................... 13

4.2.2 Effluent Intake Concentrations.................................................................................... 19

4.2.3 Mound Effluent Inhalation Intakes............................................................................... 21

4.2.3.1 Site-Wide Annual Median Effluent Radionuclide Inhalation Intakes................. 21

4.2.3.2 Site-Wide Maximum Annual Average Effluent Inhalation Intakes .................... 22

4.2.4 Annual Effluent Submersion External Exposures........................................................ 23

4.2.5 Resuspension Intakes, Submersion External Exposures, and Ground Layer 

External Exposures Attributed to Soil Contamination.................................................. 25

4.2.6 Direct External Exposure from Facilities ..................................................................... 35

4.3 Uncertainties.......................................................................................................................... 36

4.4 Attributions and Annotations .................................................................................................. 37

References ........................................................................................................................................ 38

Glossary ............................................................................................................................................ 51

ATTACHMENT A, DOSE COEFFICIENTS........................................................................................54

ATTACHMENT B, MOUND OFFSITE ENVIRONMENTAL AIR-SAMPLING 

DATA FOR 1948 TO SEPTEMBER 1959 ............................................................55

ATTACHMENT C, MOUND ENVIRONMENTAL AIR-SAMPLING DATA FOR 

1959 TO 1972......................................................................................................61

ATTACHMENT D, MOUND ENVIRONMENTAL AIR-SAMPLING DATA FOR 

1973 TO 2002......................................................................................................69
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LIST OF TABLES 

TABLE TITLE PAGE

4-1 Significant Mound Laboratory programs and events............................................................... 11

4-2 Site-wide annual median effluent intake concentrations by radionuclide ................................ 15

4-3 SRS plutonium dioxide feed material and Mound scaling factors ........................................... 16

4-4 Pu-238:239, 240Pu activity concentration ratios inferred from measurements of 

environmental air samples taken at Mound ............................................................................ 17

4-5 SRS plutonium dioxide feed material relative dose contribution ............................................. 17

4-6 Total Mound site radioactive effluent discharges, 1949–1983 ................................................ 18

4-7 Inferred onsite dispersion factors by radionuclide, 1973–1983 ............................................... 19

4-8 Ratio of initial to final air sample counts from Ra-Ac program areas....................................... 20

4-9 Site-wide annual median effluent inhalation intakes at Mound ............................................... 21

4-10 Inferred maximum onsite dispersion factors by radionuclide, 1983–1973............................... 23

4-11 Site-wide maximum annual intakes at Mound ........................................................................ 23

4-12 Geometric standard deviation for effluent intakes at Mound................................................... 24

4-13 Annual average effluent submersion external exposures at Mound by year and 

radionuclide............................................................................................................................28

4-14 Annual average ground layer external exposure, resuspension submersion external 

exposure, and resuspension submersion intake at Mound by radionuclide, 1990 to 

present...................................................................................................................................29

4-15 Annual average ground layer external exposure, resuspension submersion external 

exposure, and resuspension submersion intake at Mound by radionuclide, 1980 

through 1989..........................................................................................................................30

4-16 Annual average ground layer external exposure, resuspension submersion external 

exposure, and resuspension submersion intake at Mound by radionuclide, 1970 

through 1979..........................................................................................................................31

4-17 Annual average ground layer external exposure, resuspension submersion external 

exposure, and resuspension submersion intake at Mound by radionuclide, 1960 

through 1969..........................................................................................................................32

4-18 Annual average ground layer external exposure, resuspension submersion external 

exposure, and resuspension submersion intake at Mound by radionuclide, 1950 

through 1959..........................................................................................................................33

4-19 Annual average ground layer external exposure, resuspension submersion external 

exposure, and resuspension submersion intake at Mound by radionuclide, 1949 .................. 34

4-20 Mean and maximum environmental external radiation levels at Mound by year ..................... 35

4-21 Radionuclide releases to the atmosphere from Mound, 1949 to 1973 .................................... 37

A-1 Dose coefficients for contaminated soil to an infinite depth .................................................... 54

A-2 Dose coefficients for air submersion ...................................................................................... 54

B-1 Mound offsite air-sampling data for 1948 to 1959................................................................... 55

C-1 Mound offsite air monitoring data for 1959 ............................................................................. 61

C-2 Mound offsite air monitoring data for 1960 ............................................................................. 62

C-3 Mound offsite air monitoring data for 1961 ............................................................................. 62

C-4 Mound offsite air monitoring data for 1962 ............................................................................. 62

C-5 Mound offsite air monitoring data for January–June 1963 ...................................................... 63

C-6 Mound offsite air monitoring data for 1964 ............................................................................. 63

C-7 Mound offsite air monitoring data for 1965 ............................................................................. 63

C-8 Mound offsite air monitoring data for 1966 ............................................................................. 64

C-9 Mound offsite air monitoring data for 1967 ............................................................................. 64

C-10 Mound offsite air monitoring data for 1968 ............................................................................. 65

C-11 Mound offsite air monitoring data for 1969 ............................................................................. 66

C-12 Mound offsite air monitoring data for 1970 ............................................................................. 67
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C-13 Mound air monitoring data for 1971........................................................................................ 67

C-14 Mound air monitoring data for 1972........................................................................................ 68

D-1 Mound air monitoring data for 1973........................................................................................ 70

D-2 Mound air monitoring data for 1974........................................................................................ 71

D-3 Mound air monitoring data for 1975........................................................................................ 72

D-4 Mound air monitoring data for 1976........................................................................................ 73

D-5 Mound air monitoring data for 1977........................................................................................ 74

D-6 Mound air monitoring data for 1978........................................................................................ 75

D-7 Mound air monitoring data for 1979........................................................................................ 76

D-8 Mound air monitoring data for 1980........................................................................................ 77

D-9 Mound air monitoring data for 1981........................................................................................ 78

D-10 Mound air monitoring data for 1982........................................................................................ 79

D-11 Mound air monitoring data for 1983........................................................................................ 80

D-12 Mound air monitoring data for 1984........................................................................................ 81

D-13 Mound air monitoring data for 1985........................................................................................ 82

D-14 Mound air monitoring data for 1986........................................................................................ 83

D-15 Mound air monitoring data for 1987........................................................................................ 84

D-16 Mound air monitoring data for 1988........................................................................................ 85

D-17 Mound air monitoring data for 1989........................................................................................ 86

D-18 Mound air monitoring data for 1990........................................................................................ 87

D-19 Mound air monitoring data for 1991........................................................................................ 88

D-20 Mound air monitoring data for 1992........................................................................................ 89

D-21 Mound air monitoring data for 1993........................................................................................ 90

D-22 Mound air monitoring data for 1994........................................................................................ 91

D-23 Mound air monitoring data for 1995........................................................................................ 92

D-24 Mound air monitoring data for 1996........................................................................................ 93

D-25 Mound air monitoring data for 1997........................................................................................ 95

D-26 Mound air monitoring data for 1998........................................................................................ 97

D-27 Mound air monitoring data for 1999........................................................................................ 99

D-28 Mound air monitoring data for 2000...................................................................................... 101

D-29 Mound air monitoring data for 2001...................................................................................... 103

D-30 Mound air monitoring data for 2002...................................................................................... 105

LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE TITLE PAGE

4-1 Mound onsite airborne radioactivity monitoring locations ....................................................... 14

4-2 Mound offsite airborne radioactivity monitoring locations ....................................................... 15
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ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS 

ANL Argonne National Laboratory

Bq becquerel

CFR Code of Federal Regulations

Ci curie

CLN Center Line North

cm centimeter

cpm counts per minute

d day

D&D decontamination and decommissioning

DCF dose conversion factor

DOE U.S. Department of Energy

dpm disintegrations per minute

EEOICPA Energy Employees Occupational Illness Compensation Program Act of 2000

g gram

gal gallon

GP General Purpose

GPHS General Purpose Heat Source

GSD geometric standard deviation

HEPA high-efficiency particulate air

hr hour

HTO tritiated water vapor

ICRP International Commission on Radiological Protection

kg kilogram

km kilometer

LDL lower detection limit

LLW low-level radioactive waste

m meter

mCi millicurie

MED Manhattan Engineering District

mi mile

mL milliliter

mph miles per hour

mR milliroentgen

mrem millirem

NIOSH National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

pCi picocurie

POC probability of causation

PP Plutonium Processing

qtr quarter

RTG radioisotopic thermoelectric generator
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s second

SM Special Metallurgical

SNM special nuclear material

SRS Savannah River Site

Sv sievert

SW Semi-Works

TBD technical basis document

U.S.C. United States Code

WSF Waste Staging Facility

yr year

TRU transuranic

μCi microcurie

μg microgram

μR microroentgen

α alpha

§ section or sections
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4.1 INTRODUCTION

Technical basis documents and site profile documents are not official determinations made by the 

National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) but are rather general working 

documents that provide historical background information and guidance to assist in the preparation of 

dose reconstructions at particular sites or categories of sites. They will be revised in the event 

additional relevant information is obtained about the affected site(s). These documents may be used 

to assist NIOSH staff in the completion of the individual work required for each dose reconstruction.

In this document the word “facility” is used as a general term for an area, building, or group of 

buildings that served a specific purpose at a site. It does not necessarily connote an “atomic weapons 

employer facility” or a “Department of Energy [DOE] facility” as defined in the Energy Employees 

Occupational Illness Compensation Program Act [EEOICPA; 42 U.S.C. § 7384l(5) and (12)]. 

EEOICPA defines a DOE facility as “any building, structure, or premise, including the grounds upon 

which such building, structure, or premise is located ... in which operations are, or have been, 

conducted by, or on behalf of, the Department of Energy (except for buildings, structures, premises, 

grounds, or operations ... pertaining to the Naval Nuclear Propulsion Program)” [42 U.S.C. § 

7384l(12)]. Accordingly, except for the exclusion for the Naval Nuclear Propulsion Program noted 

above, any facility that performs or performed DOE operations of any nature whatsoever is a DOE 

facility encompassed by EEOICPA.

For employees of DOE or its contractors with cancer, the DOE facility definition only determines 

eligibility for a dose reconstruction, which is a prerequisite to a compensation decision (except for 

members of the Special Exposure Cohort). The compensation decision for cancer claimants is based 

on a section of the statute entitled “Exposure in the Performance of Duty.” That provision [42 U.S.C. § 

7384n(b)] says that an individual with cancer “shall be determined to have sustained that cancer in the 

performance of duty for purposes of the compensation program if, and only if, the cancer ... was at 

least as likely as not related to employment at the facility [where the employee worked], as 

determined in accordance with the POC [probability of causation1

] guidelines established under 

subsection (c) ...” [42 U.S.C. § 7384n(b)]. Neither the statute nor the probability of causation 

guidelines (nor the dose reconstruction regulation, 42 C.F.R. Pt. 82) restrict the “performance of duty” 

referred to in 42 U.S.C. § 7384n(b) to nuclear weapons work (NIOSH 2010).

The statute also includes a definition of a DOE facility that excludes “buildings, structures, premises, 

grounds, or operations covered by Executive Order No. 12344, dated February 1, 1982 (42 U.S.C. 

7158 note), pertaining to the Naval Nuclear Propulsion Program” [42 U.S.C. § 7384l(12)]. While this 

definition excludes Naval Nuclear Propulsion Facilities from being covered under the Act, the section 

of EEOICPA that deals with the compensation decision for covered employees with cancer [i.e., 42 

U.S.C. § 7384n(b), entitled “Exposure in the Performance of Duty”] does not contain such an 

exclusion. Therefore, the statute requires NIOSH to include all occupationally-derived radiation 

exposures at covered facilities in its dose reconstructions for employees at DOE facilities, including 

radiation exposures related to the Naval Nuclear Propulsion Program. As a result, all internal and 

external occupational radiation exposures are considered valid for inclusion in a dose reconstruction. 

No efforts are made to determine the eligibility of any fraction of total measured exposure for inclusion 

in dose reconstruction. NIOSH, however, does not consider the following exposures to be 

occupationally derived (NIOSH 2010):

• Background radiation, including radiation from naturally occurring radon present in 

conventional structures

• Radiation from X-rays received in the diagnosis of injuries or illnesses or for therapeutic 

reasons

 

1 The U.S. Department of Labor (DOL) is ultimately responsible under the EEOICPA for determining the POC.
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4.1.1 Purpose

The occupational environmental dose is the dose received by workers on the job but outside the 

operational buildings at the Mound Laboratory. Annual inhalation intakes of radioactive material at 

Mound Laboratory have been estimated based on onsite environmental air monitoring station results 

from 1971 through 2002. For years in which onsite air monitoring data were unavailable (before 

1971) and total Mound stack effluent data were available, empirically derived onsite atmospheric 

dispersion factors (plutonium, polonium particulates, and hydrogen gas/vapor χ/Q values) were used 

to estimate the intake air concentration. The χ/Q derivation coupled the site-wide median air 

concentration (238Pu, 210Po, and 3

H concentration) with the corresponding total Mound effluent source 

term for 1973 through 1983. Ingestion intakes and ambient external dose were estimated using 

radionuclide concentrations measured in 30-cm-thick soil samples. The site remediation period 

ended in 2010, and there is no potential for receiving environmental dose after this year. The doses 

and intakes estimated for 2002 can be assigned for energy employees from 2003 to 2010 as an 

assumption that is favorable to claimants. 

4.1.2 Scope

Sections 4.1 and 4.2 discuss reconstruction of dose for unmonitored environmental exposures at 

Mound Laboratory. Section 4.3 discusses uncertainties for this analysis.

4.1.3 Special Exposure Cohort Petition Information for the Mound Plant

Classes Added to the SEC

Employees of the Department of Energy (DOE), its predecessor agencies, and DOE 

contractors or subcontractors who worked in any areas at the Mound Plant site from 

October 1, 1949, through February 28, 1959, for a number of work days aggregating at 

least 250 work days or in combination with work days within the parameters 

established for one or more other classes of employees in the SEC (SEC-0090; Leavitt 

2008).

All employees of the Department of Energy (DOE), its predecessor agencies, and its 

contractors and subcontractors who had at least one tritium bioassay sample and 

worked at the Mound Plant in Miamisburg, Ohio from March 1, 1959 through March 5, 

1980, for a number of work days aggregating at least 250 work days, occurring either 

solely under this employment, or in combination with work days within the parameters 

established for one or more other classes of employees in the Special Exposure 

Cohort (SEC-00171; Sebelius 2010).

All employees of the Department of Energy (DOE), its predecessor agencies, and their 

contractors and subcontractors who worked at the Mound Plant in Miamisburg, Ohio, 

from September 1, 1972 through December 31, 1972, or from January 1, 1975 through 

December 31, 1976, for a number of work days aggregating at least 250 work days, 

occurring either solely under this employment or in combination with work days within 

the parameters established for one or more other classes of employees included in the 

Special Exposure Cohort (Sebelius 2012).

Dose reconstruction guidance in this document for periods before March 6, 1980, is presented to 

provide a technical basis for partial dose reconstructions for claims not covered in the SEC class 

through March 5, 1980. Although NIOSH found that it is not possible to completely reconstruct 

radiation doses for the SEC classes above, NIOSH intends to use any internal and external 

monitoring data that may become available for an individual claim (and that can be interpreted using 

existing NIOSH dose reconstruction processes or procedures). Therefore, dose reconstructions for 
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employees who worked in any areas of the Mound Plant during the periods from October 1, 1949 

through February 28, 1959, or September 1, 1972 through December 31, 1972, or January 1, 1975 

through December 31, 1976; or who worked in R or SW Buildings (as indicated by tritium bioassay)

during the period from March 1, 1959 through March 5, 1980, but who do not qualify for inclusion in 

the SEC, may be performed using these data as appropriate.

4.2 MOUND LABORATORY

Mound Laboratory was an integrated research, development, and production facility performing work 

in support of DOE weapon and nonweapon programs with emphasis on chemical explosives and 

nuclear technology. The organization that would later operate the Mound Laboratory originated as a 

technical organization in 1943 when the Federal Government requested Monsanto Chemical 

Company to accept responsibility for determining the chemical and metallurgical properties of 

polonium as a project of the Manhattan Engineer District (MED). Work occurred at the Monsanto 

Central Research Department and several satellite units in the Dayton, Ohio, area. Late in 1945, the 

MED determined that the research, development, and production organization at Dayton should 

become a permanent facility. A search for a suitable location in early 1946 led to the selection of a 

728,000-m2 (182-acre) tract adjacent to Miamisburg, Ohio, about 16 km (10 miles) south-southwest of 

Dayton. The facility is surrounded by residential and recreational properties as well as agricultural 

areas and sits atop an elevated area overlooking Miamisburg, the Great Miami River, and the river 

plain area to the west. In 1981, DOE purchased an additional 123 acres of land south of the original 

182 acres for unrealized mission expansion. This parcel was never developed.

Construction of Mound Laboratory began in February 1947 and ended in 1949. In late 1948, work at 

the Dayton Units moved to the Mound site. The following paragraphs describe key Mound facilities 

and their historic functions (DOE 1993a, 1999; Monsanto 1975).

Semi-Works (SW/R) Tritium Complex

This two-story facility was used primarily for handling tritium. Four major operations occurred in the 

SW/R Tritium Complex: component development, component evaluation operations, tritium recovery, 

and materials analysis. SW/R, which was built in 1950, underwent 13 major additions. One corridor 

of rooms in the adjacent building, Research (R), was converted to tritium operations; this corridor, 

together with the SW building and Building 58, formed the SW/R complex. While the complex was 

primarily a tritium facility, there were three additional areas. From 1951 through 1953, Mound 

intermittently conducted a research and development program to recover 227Ac and 228Th from neutron 

irradiated 226Ra (EG&G 1995a). The three parent radionuclides of 227Ac, 226

Ra, and 228Th and their 

radioactive progeny were present in the irradiated material. The recovery operation was conducted in 

a special shielded process facility referred to as the Old Cave (Room SW-19) on the east side of the 

building. From 1951 to 1953, work in the cave resulted in the release of 1.6 × 105 μCi of 227Ac, 226Ra, 

228Th and their radioactive progeny (Storey 1973). From 1964 to 1968, purified 227Ac in oxide and 

nitrate forms was processed in a hot cell and analytical lab area (Room SW-140) in the SW Building 

(EG&G 1995a). This work resulted in the release of 5.3 μCi of 227Ac to the atmosphere (Storey 1973). 

This facility has been demolished.

Technical (T) Building

The T Building was operational in 1949 and was originally used to purify 210Po for use in nuclear 

weapon initiators. Decontamination work was done from 1971 through 1974 on the 210Po processing 

areas. Its last mission was to support tritium programs for reconfiguration, safe shutdown, and 

remaining operations. The facility has also been used to extract radionuclides, to house the plutonium 

verification facility, and to store transuranic materials. Since 1980, KYLE (classified), Tritium 

Emission Recovery Facility, Hydrogen Isotope Separations System, and other tritium facilities large 

enough to handle multikilogram quantities were added to T Building. Special nuclear material (SNM), 

primarily 239Pu, was stored in T-Building storage areas A and B before transfer to Building 38 for 
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repackaging. The SNM was in the form of metal, metal oxide, residue, or combinations thereof; these 

materials were in sealed drums and other metal containers.

Building 38

Building 38 was originally designed to be a radiochemical processing facility for 238Pu, used in the 

oxide form as fuel for radioisotopic thermoelectric generators (RTGs). Building design began in 1965, 

and construction was complete in December 1967. Assembly and disassembly associated with 

manufacturing 238Pu heat source modules for RTGs were the primary operations conducted in 

Building 38. Other programs included assembly of three types of heat sources and two types of 

RTGs and general-purpose radionuclide handling. RTG and heat source assembly and disassembly, 

which were supported in the F-line operations, involved the 5-watt, High Power Generator Mod 3 and 

General Purpose Heat Sources programs.

Building 50

Building 50 was an RTG assembly and test laboratory. Encapsulated 238Pu fuel was loaded into 

graphite assemblies in Building 38 and welded into stainless-steel containers. The containers were 

transferred to Building 50 for fuel reduction and subsequent installation in electrical converters.

Building 22, Waste Staging Facility

The Waste Staging Facility (WSF) provided storage and staging for solid low-level radioactive waste 

(LLW) containers before offsite shipment. The facility could store as many as 186 metal boxes, stage 

lined and unlined 30- or 55-gal metal drums with or without overpack, and staged closed wooden 

boxes that contained LLW. Transition to the WSF was complete in June 1995. Building 22, built in 

1967, previously housed a property management warehouse, office spaces, and a test facility for 

glovebox operations.

Building 72

Building 72 was used to store miscellaneous hazardous wastes until they could be shipped off the site 

for disposal. The wastes were in steel drums, plastic drums, plastic and steel containers of various 

sizes, and gas cylinders. In addition, waste sampling, packaging, and repackaging of some wastes; 

drum over packing; and container inspection and marking occurred in this facility. Building 72 was a 

steel-framed building with metal panel siding on three walls.

Table 4-1 lists significant programs and events that occurred at the Mound site that are potentially 

relevant to dose reconstruction.

Table 4-1. Significant Mound Laboratory programs and events.

a

1946 Mound Laboratory planning started.

1948 Mound Laboratory occupied.

1949 Polonium operations moved from Dayton Units to Mound Laboratory.

1950 Separation of Po-208 and Po-209 from proton (accelerator) irradiation of bismuth.

Separation of Ac-227 from irradiated Ra-226 in Room SW-19 (old cave).

Uranyl sulfate – heavy water fuel system research.

Civilian power reactor research involving uranium, Pa-231, and Pu-239; mission ended in 1963.

1954 Invention of Po-210-fueled thermoelectric generator.

Tritium studies began in 1954, with the first of several programs requiring tritium-handling technology 

starting in 1958. There were facilities for the recovery and purification of tritium from all types of 

wastes generated at DOE sites that handled tritium.

Construction of thorium refinery for breeder reactor program; refinery never operated. In late 1954, 

Mound Laboratory received 400 tons of thorium (232Th) sludge from Brazilian ore residues, which was 

subsequently stored outdoors in 55-gal drums. 

1955 Repackaging of 6,000 55-gal drums containing thorium ore and sludge occurred through 1965 at 

three different times to help prevent possibility of further contamination. In 1964, the thorium sludge 

was transferred to a special building for storage. Early in 1975, the thorium ore residues were 
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removed from Mound and sold to a commercial organization.

1956 Completed separation of 1.3 g of Pa-231 in Building HH.

Weighable quantities of Th-230 (ionium) separated. 239PuBe neutron sources manufactured.

Nuclear weapon detonator development, production, and surveillance; mission ended in 1989.

1959 Pu-239 reactor fuels laboratory operational.

Tritium waste recovery and purification facility operational.

1960 The first reduction of metallic Pu-238 was achieved in the spring of 1960.

1961 Pu-238 production started and development of Pu-238 heat sources for thermoelectric generators.

1965 Gaseous effluent control system operational in SW Building.

1966 Thorium ore and sludge moved to bulk storage in Building 21.

1968 PP Building 38 operational for processing Pu-238.

1969 Waste line break and subsequent contamination of abandoned Miami-Erie Canal bed with Pu-238.

Began tritium recycling from retired weapon parts.

1972 Tritium effluent control project began.

Nonweapons polonium work terminated.

1974 Thorium ore and sludge completely removed from site.

Po-210 decontamination of T Building completed.

1975 Pu-238 recovery operations terminated.

1977 Californium Multiplier Neutron Radiography Facility installed.

1989 Removal of soil contaminated with uranium near Building 34.

1990 Pu-238 decontamination of inactive laboratories in R Building.

1991 Removal of Pu-238-contaminated waste line connecting HH Building with WD facility.

1993 DOE decision to transfer defense mission from Mound.

Pu-238 decontamination of PP Building 38 and Acid Leach Field (Area D).

1994 Demolition of SM Building structure contaminated with Pu-238.

1995 All weapon components production terminated.

1996 Demolition of SD Building (sanitary waste treatment facility) and Building 21 (thorium ore and sludge 

bulk storage facility), including excavation of contaminated soil.

Miami-Erie Canal removal action (Pu-238-contaminated sediments) fieldwork began in October.

1997 Removal of soil contaminated with Ac-227 at Area 7.

1998 Miami-Erie Canal removal action fieldwork completed; approximately 30,000 yd3 removed for offsite 

disposal.

2003 Operations ceased.

2010 Remediation activities completed. 

a. Adapted from DOE (1993a, 1999, 2011), and EPA (2003).

Most early programs were concerned with 210Po and its applications, particularly the fabrication of 

neutron and alpha sources for weapon and nonweapon use. From 1950 to 1963, laboratory 

investigations of uranium, 231Pa, and 239Pu were part of the national civilian power reactor program.

Separation of stable isotopes of noble gases began in 1954. In addition, in 1954 Mound scientists 

invented the thermoelectric generator fueled with 210Po. A limited amount of research and 

development work with 239Pu in gram quantities began in 1955. In 1957, Mound Laboratory began the 

development, production, and surveillance of detonators for military applications. Beginning in 1959, 

238Pu in quantities up to a kilogram was used in research, development, and production operations; 

however, Summary of Environmental Monitoring Report for 1959 and First Quarter 1960 states that 

“during the year 1959, a year of transition, the alpha emitting isotope that would have contributed to 

environmental background was polonium” (Monsanto 1960).

From 1959 to 1960, the initial plutonium program activities were conducted in R Building. During this 

early phase, the program consisted of research and development efforts to understand the chemistry 

and metallurgy of 238Pu. The thermal hazards as well as the chemical reactivity and containment of 

plutonium during processing and fabrication led to major safety concerns.
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 01 Effective Date: 02/07/2013 Page 13 of 106

In 1960, the SM (Special Metallurgical) Building was constructed to provide the technical and safetyrelated features that were absent in the R Building. The elevated emissions of plutonium (see Section 

4.2.2) in 1960 were due to R Building operations. The SM Building became operational in 1961 and 

emissions of plutonium decreased significantly (see Section 4.2.2). In 1967, Building 38 [also known 

as the PP (Plutonium Processing Building] and an annex on the WD Building were constructed to take 

over the increased plutonium program demands. The SM Building processes and fabrication 

operations were transferred to the new Building 38 facility.

The total quantity of 238Pu used in operations at Mound Laboratory was sharply reduced in June 1977. 

Encapsulation of 238Pu for the large heat sources (containing in some cases more than 4 kg of this 

material) was terminated. In late 1979, Mound ended production of plutonium oxide feedstock for 

heat sources, and began receiving this material already in primary encapsulation.

4.2.1 Environmental Air Monitoring

Mound Laboratory had various environmental air-monitoring programs through most of its history, 

starting in 1948 and continuing to the present. Gross alpha, tritiated water vapor (HTO), 210Po, 238Pu, 

239, 240Pu, 228Th, 230Th, and 232Th measurements occurred during these years, although not all 

measurements were collected in any given year. The tables in Attachments B, C, and D list

environmental air-monitoring data from 1948 to September 1959, 1959 to 1972, and 1973 to 2002, 

respectively, along with references for the data.

From 1948 to 1959, air monitoring consisted of offsite, downwind air samples taken at unspecified 

locations and counted for gross alpha radiation. From 1960 to 1966, Mound conducted roving air 

sampler measurements of gross alpha activity obtained by truck-mounted equipment driven over a 

planned route in areas adjacent to the Mound site. From 1967 to 1971, Mound monitored 

concentrations of HTO, 238Pu, and 210Po off the site. Available data do not contain onsite air-sampling 

data for these three periods (with the exception of 1971, when “Site Center, Southern and Northern 

Perimeter” data was acquired). The usefulness of the offsite data before 1971 is limited because the 

air samples were not collected in one location around the clock. Therefore, it is not certain if the 

offsite concentrations reflect a maximum or even average concentration. As a consequence, the 

offsite data cannot be used to infer onsite airborne radionuclide concentrations.

A program to acquire onsite meteorological data began in 1972 (Bimutis and Mote 1976). The 

average onsite wind speed was approximately 8 mph (13 km/hr) and the predominant wind direction 

was from the southwest. From 1972 to 2002, air-monitoring data were obtained from a network of 

onsite (Figure 4-1) and offsite (Figure 4-2) stationary air samplers. This analysis used the site-wide 

median air concentration from the annual average onsite air monitoring station results to determine 

intake concentrations from 1971 through 2002 (see Tables C-13, C-14, and D-1 through D-29). For 

years in which onsite air monitoring data were unavailable (before 1971) and effluent data were 

available, empirically derived onsite atmospheric dispersion factors (plutonium, polonium particulates, 

and hydrogen gas/vapor χ/Qs) were used to estimate the intake air concentration. Table 4-2 

summarizes the annual median effluent air concentrations used to derive intakes for dose 

reconstruction. Subsequent sections discuss the intakes estimated from these data and effluent 

release monitoring data.

Some of the environmental air monitoring station results (See Tables C-13, C-14, and D-1 through 

D-30) were reported as “incremental” to reflect that the measured “environmental level” concentration 

at the control (28 mi upwind) location was subtracted from the concentration at the monitoring 

stations. As a consequence, if nonincremental concentration results were reported, the contribution 

from control location No. 119 was subtracted from the site-wide median results. For all years in which 

on-site environmental air-monitoring data were available, the median concentration from the onsite 

annual average monitoring station results was selected to assign radionuclide intakes. For years in 
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 01 Effective Date: 02/07/2013 Page 14 of 106

which onsite air monitoring data were unavailable (before 1971) and effluent data were available, 

empirically derived onsite atmospheric dispersion factors (plutonium, polonium particulates, and 

hydrogen gas/vapor χ/Qs) were used to estimate the onsite intake air concentration.

In 1997, Mound Laboratory added 232Th, 230Th, and 228Th to the environmental air filter analyses 

conducted as part of the routine environmental air monitoring program in support of several 

decontamination and decommissioning (D&D) projects involving thorium-contaminated soil and 

structures. Although these radionuclides are not effluents, the median of the annual average,

environmental air monitoring station results for 232Th, 230Th, and 228Th have been included in this 

section.

Figure 4-1. Mound onsite airborne radioactivity monitoring locations. 

To account for trace radionuclides that were not included in the routine environmental air or effluent 

discharge sampling and analysis programs at Mound, 238Pu scaling factors were developed based on 

an assay of the feed material, plutonium dioxide, supplied to the Mound facility from the Savannah 

River Site (SRS), as listed below. As a result, the scaling factor (activity concentration ratio) table 

(Table 4-3) infers concentrations of trace radionuclides and 239, 240Pu for years in which effluent or air 

monitoring station data include only 238Pu.

The feed material profile discussed above was adjusted to reflect the actual observed air sample ratio 

of 238Pu to 239, 240Pu to infer the 239, 240Pu concentration in air for years in which only 238Pu data were 
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 01 Effective Date: 02/07/2013 Page 15 of 106

available. The actual activity concentration ratio for 239, 240Pu was inferred from measurements of air 

samples taken by Mound for the 1975-through-1980 period of record (see Table 4-4.). The observed 

ratio of 238Pu to 239, 240Pu in air samples from onsite sampling stations recording the highest annual 

average plutonium concentration from 1975 to 1980 is 31.0 to 1 in comparison with the theoretical 

ratio of 824 (i.e., the inverse of the theoretical 239, 240Pu activity concentration shown above). The 

discrepancy between the feed material ratio of 238Pu to 239, 240Pu and the observed air sample ratio of 

238Pu to 239, 240Pu is probably the result of 239,240 Pu effluent emissions associated with 239, 240 Pu 

research rather than the SRS feed material profile.

Figure 4-2. Mound offsite airborne radioactivity monitoring locations. 

Table 4-2. Site-wide annual median effluent intake concentrations by radionuclide (μCi/mL).

Year Pu-238 Po-210 HTO

Pu-239, 

-240 Th-232 Th-230 Th-228 Ra-226 Ac-227

2003 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

2002 3.76E-18 -- 3.50E-12 1.90E-19 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 -- --

2001 4.01E-18 -- 4.83E-12 3.00E-20 2.25E-18 3.04E-18 3.79E-18 -- --

2000 4.08E-18 -- 2.28E-12 1.70E-19 2.91E-18 4.12E-18 3.71E-18 -- --

1999 1.43E-18 -- 8.45E-12 1.50E-19 4.42E-18 4.41E-18 4.60E-18 -- --

1998 5.11E-18 -- 1.01E-11 7.00E-20 1.80E-19 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 -- --

1997 2.06E-17 -- 7.19E-12 0.00E+00 2.14E-18 4.47E-18 3.00E-18 -- --

1996 5.94E-18 -- 6.94E-12 8.00E-20 -- -- -- -- --

1995 5.99E-18 -- 2.11E-12 1.20E-19 -- -- -- -- --

1994 7.29E-18 -- 3.69E-12 3.10E-19 -- -- -- -- --

1993 7.10E-18 -- 4.16E-12 3.90E-19 -- -- -- -- --

1992 5.83E-18 -- 7.43E-12 2.40E-19 -- -- -- -- --

1991 7.70E-18 -- 1.17E-11 0.00E+00 -- -- -- -- --

1990 5.64E-18 -- 1.86E-11 7.00E-20 -- -- -- -- --
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 01 Effective Date: 02/07/2013 Page 16 of 106

Year Pu-238 Po-210 HTO

Pu-239, 

-240 Th-232 Th-230 Th-228 Ra-226 Ac-227

1989 1.50E-17 -- 2.50E-11 2.90E-19 -- -- -- -- --

1988 5.80E-17 -- 2.41E-11 2.00E-19 -- -- -- -- --

1987 4.35E-17 -- 3.33E-11 1.60E-19 -- -- -- -- --

1986 9.34E-17 -- 2.13E-11 4.50E-19 -- -- -- -- --

1985 1.26E-16 -- 2.73E-11 6.30E-19 -- -- -- -- --

1984 2.32E-17 -- 2.21E-11 3.00E-19 -- -- -- -- --

1983 1.32E-17 -- 3.43E-11 1.30E-18 -- -- -- -- --

1982 2.39E-17 -- 3.93E-11 0.00E+00 -- -- -- -- --

1981 2.07E-17 -- 6.76E-11 0.00E+00 -- -- -- -- --

1980 8.80E-18 -- 8.88E-11 6.00E-19 -- -- -- -- --

1979 1.60E-17 -- 8.60E-12 5.00E-19 -- -- -- -- --

1978 2.50E-17 -- 6.20E-12 4.00E-18 -- -- -- -- --

1977 2.80E-17 -- 1.60E-11 0.00E+00 -- -- -- -- --

1976 8.40E-17 -- 2.00E-11 2.20E-18 -- -- -- -- --

1975 6.40E-17 -- 2.90E-11 3.00E-18 -- -- -- -- --

1974 1.88E-16 1.10E-15 1.53E-10 6.06E-18 -- -- -- -- --

1973 1.56E-16 1.10E-15 7.40E-11 5.03E-18 -- -- -- -- --

1972 1.40E-16 1.30E-15 8.20E-11 4.51E-18 -- -- -- -- --

1971 4.00E-16 2.00E-15 4.80E-09 1.29E-17 -- -- -- -- --

1970 1.19E-14 1.94E-13 1.46E-09 3.82E-16 -- -- -- -- --

1969 2.88E-14 2.70E-13 2.56E-09 9.27E-16 -- -- -- -- --

1968 1.56E-14 3.54E-13 2.24E-09 5.03E-16 -- -- -- -- 1.53E-03

1967 1.48E-13 1.37E-12 2.96E-09 4.78E-15 -- -- -- -- 1.53E-03

1966 8.31E-14 1.27E-12 1.62E-09 2.68E-15 -- -- -- -- 1.53E-03

1965 1.58E-14 1.06E-12 1.68E-09 5.10E-16 -- -- -- -- 1.53E-03

1964 6.88E-16 8.80E-13 2.13E-09 2.22E-17 -- -- -- -- 1.53E-03

1963 2.95E-16 7.33E-13 2.55E-09 9.50E-18 -- -- -- -- --

1962 3.82E-16 6.11E-13 1.98E-09 1.23E-17 -- -- -- -- --

1961 4.37E-16 5.09E-13 1.95E-09 1.41E-17 -- -- -- -- --

1960 6.83E-13 4.24E-13 8.31E-10 2.20E-14 -- -- -- -- --

1959 -- 3.54E-13 2.56E-10 -- -- -- -- -- --

1958 -- 2.95E-13 2.33E-10 -- -- -- -- -- --

1957 -- 2.46E-13 2.11E-10 -- -- -- -- -- --

1956 -- 2.05E-13 1.92E-10 -- -- -- -- -- --

1955 -- 1.71E-13 1.75E-10 -- -- -- -- -- --

1954 -- 1.42E-13 1.59E-10 -- -- -- -- -- --

1953 -- 1.18E-13 -- -- -- -- 8.16E-19 1.57E-18 4.94E-19

1952 -- 1.18E-13 -- -- -- -- 8.16E-19 1.57E-18 4.94E-19

1951 -- 1.18E-13 -- -- -- -- 8.16E-19 1.57E-18 4.94E-19

1950 -- 1.18E-13 -- -- -- -- -- -- --

1949 -- 1.18E-13 -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Table 4-3. SRS plutonium dioxide feed material and Mound scaling factors. 

Radionuclide Half-life (yr)

Specific 

activity

(Ci/g)

Reported 

weight 

fraction

Activity 

concentration

(Ci/g)

Theoretical 

activity 

fraction

Pu-238 activity concentration 

ratios

Theoretical Correcteda

Pu-236b 2.86E+00 5.30E+01 1.00E-06 5.30E-05 3.69E-06 3.86E-06 --

Pu-238b 8.77E+01 1.71E+01 8.02E-01 1.37E+01 9.56E-01 1.00E+00 --

Pu-239b 2.41E+04 6.20E-02 1.59E-01 9.86E-03 6.86E-04 7.18E-04 --

Pu-240b 6.56E+03 2.27E-01 3.00E-02 6.81E-03 4.74E-04 4.96E-04 --

Pu-239,240 -- -- -- -- 1.16E-03 1.21E-03 3.22E-02

Pu-242b 3.73E+05 3.96E-03 1.00E-03 3.96E-06 2.76E-07 2.88E-07 --

Pu-241b 1.44E+01 1.03E+02 6.00E-03 6.20E-01 4.31E-02 4.52E-02 --

U-234c 2.46E+05 6.22E-03 1.90E-03 1.18E-05 8.22E-07 8.61E-07 --

Np-237c 2.14E+06 7.05E-04 3.00E-04 2.12E-07 1.47E-08 1.54E-08 --

Am-241c 4.32E+02 3.43E+00 5.00E-04 1.72E-03 1.19E-04 1.25E-04 --

Pa-231c 3.28E+04 4.72E-02 1.00E-05 4.72E-07 3.28E-08 3.44E-08 --

Th-232c 1.41E+10 1.10E-07 1.00E-05 1.10E-12 7.63E-14 7.99E-14 --

U-232c 6.89E+01 2.24E+01 1.00E-05 2.24E-04 1.56E-05 1.63E-05 --
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 01 Effective Date: 02/07/2013 Page 17 of 106

Radionuclide Half-life (yr)

Specific 

activity

(Ci/g)

Reported 

weight 

fraction

Activity 

concentration

(Ci/g)

Theoretical 

activity 

fraction

Pu-238 activity concentration 

ratios

Theoretical Correcteda

U-235c 7.04E+08 2.16E-06 1.00E-05 2.16E-11 1.50E-12 1.57E-12 --

U-236c 2.34E+07 6.47E-05 1.00E-05 6.47E-10 4.50E-11 4.71E-11 --

Ac-227c 2.18E+01 7.23E+01 1.00E-05 7.23E-04 5.03E-05 5.27E-05 --

Total 1.00E+00 1.44E+01 1.00E+00

a. The actual ratio of Pu-238 to Pu-239, 240 based on air sample analytical results for 5 years (1975 to 1980) is 31.0:1. 

This ratio was calculated using the annual mean concentration of Pu-238 and Pu-239 at maximum sampler location and 

corrected for offsite contributions of Pu-238 and Pu-239, 240 indicated at the location of the minimum Pu-238 and Pu239, 240 offsite concentrations. (These data are presented in Table 4-4.)

b. EG&G (1995a).

c. DOE (1993a). 

Table 4-4. Pu-238:239, 240Pu activity concentration ratios inferred from measurements of environmental 

air samples taken at Mound. 

Year

Annual mean activity concentrations (10-18 μCi/mL)

a Pu-238:Pu-239, -240 

net activity 

concentration ratio 

Highest onsite 

Pu-238

Lowest offsite 

Pu-238

Highest onsite 

Pu-239, -240

Lowest offsite 

Pu-239, -240

1975 1,033 1.2 41.0 16.0 41.3

1976 267 0.5 13.0 3.8 29.0

1977 81 0.9 31.0 16.0 5.3

1978 110 0.8 27.0 22.0 21.8

1979 190 0.5 11.0 7.4 52.6

1980 58 0.2 4.9 3.3 36.1

Min 58 0.2 4.9 3.3 5.3

Max 1,033 1.2 41.0 22.0 52.6

Median 150 0.7 20.0 11.7 32.5

Mean 290 0.7 21.3 11.4 31.0

StdDev 372 0.4 13.8 7.7 16.4

a. Data from Attachment D, Tables D-3 through D-8.

The relative internal dose contribution from radionuclides in SRS plutonium dioxide feed material has 

been assessed using International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) Publication 68 

dose conversion factors (DCFs), as discussed below (ICRP 1995). Most of the internal dose (99.8%) 

is attributable to 238Pu (96.5 %) and 239,240Pu (3.3%). As a result, dose reconstructors should neglect 

the internal dose contribution from trace radionuclides other than 239,240Pu in effluent associated with 

the feed material. See Table 4-5.

Table 4-5. SRS plutonium dioxide feed material relative dose contribution. 

Radionuclide

ICRP (1995) 

DCF (Sv/Bq)

Activity 

concentration 

(Ci/g)

Activity 

fraction Weighted DCF

Percent dose 

contribution

Pu-236 1.30E-05 5.30E-05 3.58E-06 4.66E-11 1.61E-04

Pu-238a 3.00E-05 1.37E+01 9.28E-01 2.78E-05 9.65E+01

Pu-239,240a 3.20E-05 4.42E-01 2.99E-02 9.56E-07 3.31E-00

Pu-242 3.10E-05 3.96E-06 2.68E-07 8.30E-12 2.88E-05

Pu-241 5.80E-07 6.20E-01 4.19E-02 2.43E-08 8.42E-02

U-234 6.80E-06 1.18E-05 7.99E-07 5.43E-12 1.88E-05

U-235 6.10E-06 2.16E-11 1.46E-12 8.91E-18 3.09E-11

U-236 6.30E-06 6.47E-10 4.37E-11 2.76E-16 9.55E-10

U-232 2.60E-05 2.24E-04 1.51E-05 3.93E-10 1.36E-03

Am-241 2.70E-05 1.72E-03 1.16E-04 3.13E-09 1.08E-02

Pa-231 8.90E-05 4.72E-07 3.19E-08 2.84E-12 9.84E-06

Th-232 2.90E-05 1.10E-12 7.41E-14 2.15E-18 7.45E-12

Np-237 1.50E-05 2.12E-07 1.43E-08 2.14E-13 7.43E-07

Ac-227 6.30E-04 7.23E-04 4.89E-05 3.08E-08 1.07E-01
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 01 Effective Date: 02/07/2013 Page 18 of 106

a. Dosimetrically significant.

For years in which onsite air monitoring data were unavailable (before 1971) and total annual stack 

effluent data were available, empirically derived onsite atmospheric dispersion factors (plutonium, 

polonium particulates, and hydrogen gas/vapor χ/Qs) were used to estimate the intake air 

concentration.

The χ/Q derivation coupled the site-wide median air concentration (238Pu, 210Po, and 3

H concentration) 

with the corresponding total, annual, effluent discharges (Table 4-6). This derivation was repeated for 

an 11-year period of record (1973 to 1983) for plutonium and HTO, and 1 year (1973) for polonium. 

For assigning an intake concentration, the 11- and 1-year average χ/Q was selected: 8.61 × 10-5 s/m3

for plutonium, 5.12 × 10-4 s/m3 for polonium, and 2.56 × 10-7 s/m3 for tritium (Table 4-7). The 

calculated dispersion factor data for the 11- and 1-year period are listed in Table 4-7 below.

Table 4-6. Total Mound site radioactive effluent discharges, 1949–1983.

a

Year

Pu-238 

(μCi )

Po-210:Pu238 ratiob Po-210 (μCi) H-3 (Ci)Ra-226 

(μCi)

Ac-227 

(μCi)

Th-228 

(μCi)

1983 4 -- -- 4,293

1982 21 -- -- 4,283

1981 8 -- -- 4,285

1980 15 -- -- 3,795

1979 12 -- -- 3,831

1978 14 -- -- 7,346

1977 12 -- -- 4,896

1976 15 -- -- 6,206

1975 23 -- -- 8,859

1974 28 0.025 0.7c 10,031

1973 84 0.81 68c 15,331

1972 74 5.75 426 30,483

1971 401 3.38 1,355 73,503

1970 4,342 2.76 11,984 179,468

1969 10,544 1.58 16,660 315,252

1968 5,720 3.82 21,850 275,856 1.06

1967 54,347 1.55 84,238 364,685 1.06

1966 30,442 2.57 78,263 199,561 1.06

1965 5,803 11.20 65,009 206,750 1.06

1964 252 215.40 54,279 262,638 1.06

1963 108 417.84 45,127 313,932

1962 140 268.24 37,554 244,455

1961 160 196.25 31,400 240,644

1960 250,125d 0.10 26,161 102,427

1959 21,806 31,527

1958 18,177 28,374

1957 15,148 25,537

1956 12,623 22,983

1955 10,509 20,685

1954 8,773e 18,616f

1953 7,305 0.097 0.03 0.05

1952 7,305 0.097 0.03 0.05

1951 7,305 0.097 0.03 0.05

1950 7,305

1949 7,305

a. Adapted from DOE (1993a). “--” means no data.

b. From 1967 through 1972, the ratio of Po-210 to Pu-238 is based on radionuclide-specific (Pu-238 and Po-210) analyses 

of offsite (onsite for 1972) air samples obtained at the 0- to 3-mi roving locations from 1967 to 1972 (see Attachment C, 

Tables C-9 through C-14).
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 01 Effective Date: 02/07/2013 Page 19 of 106

c. 1973 and 1974 Po-210 effluent data (Carfagno and Westendorf 1974; Carfagno and Robinson 1975).

d. Elevated Pu-238 levels due to R Building operations before the SM Building becoming operational in 1961. In 1962, a 

second bank of high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters was installed in the SM Building plenum (DOE 1993a).

e. For 1954 through 1966, it is assumed that the Po-210 release rate increased 20% each year from the constant 1949-

through-1953 value.

f. For 1954 through 1958, it is assumed that the HTO release rate decreased 10% each year from that reported for 1959.

Polonium production and research at Mound were discontinued in the early 1970s (DOE 1993a). 

Polonium effluent discharge data are available only for 1953, 1973, and 1974; as a result, the ratio of 

210Po to 238Pu observed in environmental air samples has been used to infer the 210Po effluent release 

rate from 1967 through 1970. In addition, the 1973 and 1974 onsite polonium air monitoring results 

were influenced by the D&D of the Mound polonium processing facilities (DOE 1993a). As a

consequence, the 1974 polonium effluent and air monitoring results listed in Table 4-7 were not used 

in the χ/Q derivation for polonium. 

Table 4-7. Inferred onsite dispersion factors by 

radionuclide, 1973–1983. 

Year

χ/Q (sec/m3)

H-3 Pu-238 Po-210

1983 2.52E-07 1.04E-04 --

1982 2.90E-07 3.59E-05 --

1981a 4.98E-07 8.17E-05 --

1980b 7.38E-07 1.85E-05 --

1979 7.08E-08 4.21E-05 --

1978 2.66E-08 5.64E-05 --

1977 1.03E-07 7.36E-05 --

1976 1.02E-07 1.77E-04 --

1975 1.03E-07 8.78E-05 --

1974c 4.81E-07 2.12E-04 4.96E-02

1973d 1.52E-07 5.86E-05 5.12E-04

N 11 11 2

Min 2.66E-08 1.85E-05 5.12E-04

Max 7.38E-07 2.12E-04 4.96E-02

Mean 2.56E-07 8.61E-05 2.51E-02

a. Year of maximum Pu-238 χ/Q.

b. Year of maximum H-3 χ/Q.

c. Year of maximum Po-210 χ/Q due to Mound D&D Program activity.

d. Po-210 χ/Q used in this analysis based on 1973 data.

4.2.2 Effluent Intake Concentrations

The following discussion describes the technical approach used to establish airborne radionuclide 

concentrations to determine radionuclide intakes (Section 4.2.3) and submersion exposures (Section 

4.2.4). Section 4.2.5 describes the technical approach and results for the contaminated soil exposure 

pathways. These exposure pathways are (1) resuspension intakes, (2) external submersion, and (3) 

direct external from the contaminated soil layer.

For 238Pu, the effluent concentration data from 1971 through 2002 are based on the median onsite 

annual environmental air monitoring results. From 1960 through 1970, the effluent concentration data 

are based on the reported 238Pu annual effluent source term from Table 4-6 combined with the derived 

atmospheric dispersion factor for 238Pu from Table 4-7 to infer the median onsite environmental 

concentration.

For 210Po, the effluent concentration data from 1971 through 1974 are based on the median onsite 

annual environmental air monitoring results. From 1967 through 1970, the data are based on 

reported 238Pu annual effluent source terms (scaled to infer 210Po based on the ratio of 210Po to 238Pu 
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 01 Effective Date: 02/07/2013 Page 20 of 106

in air samples) combined with the derived atmospheric dispersion factor for polonium from Table 4-6 

to infer median onsite environmental concentrations. As discussed above, polonium effluent 

discharge data are available only for 1953, 1973 and 1974; as a consequence, for 1949 through 1953 

it is assumed that the 210Po effluent source term remained constant at the 20-μCi per day level 

(Bradley 1953a). For 1954 through 1966, it is assumed that the 210Po release rate increased 20% 

each year from the constant 1949-through-1953 daily values (Table 4-6). This annual increase was 

considered necessary and reasonable to extrapolate between 1953 and 1967 effluent release rates. 

The 1949-through-1966 210Po annual effluent source terms were combined with the atmospheric 

dispersion factor derived for polonium (Table 4-7) to infer onsite environmental concentrations.

For HTO, the data from 1971 through 2002 are based on the median onsite annual environmental air 

monitoring results. Beginning in 1959 through 1970, the data are based on reported tritium effluent 

source terms (Table 4-6) combined with the derived atmospheric dispersion factor derived for tritium 

in Table 4-7 to infer onsite environmental concentrations. No data were available for 1954 through 

1958. To estimate the amounts of tritium effluent, 1958 was assumed to be 90% of the measured 

effluent for 1959 (31,527 Ci/yr); 1957 was assumed to be 90% of the value assigned to 1958, etc. For 

1954 through 1958, the HTO annual effluent source terms were combined with derived atmospheric 

dispersion factor for tritium to infer onsite median environmental concentrations.

Table 4-2 lists the annual average effluent median intake concentrations used to calculate annual 

claimant intakes described in Section 4.2.3.

From 1951 through 1953, Mound intermittently conducted a research and development program to 

recover 227Ac, 226Ra, and 228Th from neutron-irradiated 226Ra. The three parent radionuclides of 227Ac, 

226Ra, and 228Th and their radioactive progeny were in the irradiated material. The recovery operation 

was conducted in a special shielded process facility referred to as the old cave (Room SW-19) on the 

east side of the building (EG&G 1995a). From 1951 to 1953, work in the cave resulted in the release 

of 1.6 × 105

 μCi of 227Ac, 226Ra, 228Th and their radioactive progeny (Storey 1973). At the completion 

of the program, 47.5 Ci of 226Ra, 14.9 Ci of 227Ac, and 24.6 Ci of 228Th were purified.

Health Physics Monthly Information Reports before September 1952 do not contain useful air sample 

or effluent data from the Ra-Ac Program work areas. Beginning in September 1952, most of the 

Monthly and Quarterly Health Physics Reports contain a summary of the monthly average of initial air 

filter counts and a summary of the monthly average of final air filter counts performed between 20 to 

30 days after the initial count. Initial and final air sample counting data from high-risk Ra-Ac work 

areas are listed in Table 4-8. These data have been used to calculate the release rate of long-lived 

radionuclides (227Ac, 226Ra, and 228Th) from the release reported by Storey (1973; 1.6 × 105

 μCi) 

assuming equal quantities were released each year from 1951 through 1953 and assuming the longlived radionuclides consisted of 227Ac, 226Ra, and 228Th in the same proportion as the amounts purified 

at the completion the program (55% 226Ra, 17% 227Ac, and 28% 228Th).

Table 4-8. Ratio of initial to final air sample counts from Ra-Ac program areas. 

High risk Ra, Ac, and

Th area air samples Month/year

Ratio of initial 

to final count Reference

GP1A September 1952 2E+04 Bradley 1952b

GP cave November 1952 5E+04 Bradley 1952d

GP lab December 1952 3E+04 Bradley 1952e

GP exhaust February 1953 1E+05 Bradley 1953c

GP high risk area air samples (5) April 1953 2E+06 Bradley 1953e

GP high risk area air samples (5) May 1953 1E+06 Bradley 1953f

GP high risk area air samples (5) June 1953 8E+04 Bradley 1953g

GP high risk area air samples (5) July 1953 6E+04 Bradley 1953h

GP high risk area air samples (5) August 1953 3E+03 Bradley 1953I

High-risk air lock September 1953 3E+04 Bradley 1953j
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 01 Effective Date: 02/07/2013 Page 21 of 106

High-risk air lock October 1953 1E+05 Bradley 1953k

High-risk air lock November 1953 2E+05 Bradley 1953l

High-risk air lock December 1953 5E+04 Bradley 1953m

Average 3E+05

Minimum 3E+03

Maximum 2E+06

The median site-wide intake concentrations of 227Ac, 226Ra, and 228Th in Table 4-2 have been 

calculated assuming that the T west polonium stack was the source of the emissions with a dispersion 

factor (χ/Q) of 5.12 × 10-4 s/m3

. 

From 1964 through 1968, purified 227Ac in oxide and nitrate forms was processed in a hot cell and 

analytical lab area (Room SW-140) in the SW Building (EG&G 1995a). This work resulted in the 

release of 5.3 μCi of 227Ac to the atmosphere (Storey 1973).

The median site-wide concentration of 227Ac in Table 4-2 has been calculated assuming that equal 

quantities were released each year from 1964 through 1968 from the T west polonium stack with a 

dispersion factor (χ/Q) of 5.12 × 10-4 s/m3

. 

4.2.3 Mound Effluent Inhalation Intakes

4.2.3.1 Site-Wide Annual Median Effluent Radionuclide Inhalation Intakes

The site-wide annual median radionuclide intakes in Table 4-9 are derived by multiplying the annual 

median effluent air concentrations (Table 4-2) by 2,400 m3

/yr, which is the product of reference man’s 

default breathing rate (1.2 m3

/hr) and 2,000 work-hours per year. The tritium intake has been 

increased by a factor of 1.5 to account for skin absorption. As discussed above, most of the internal 

dose (99.8%) from SRS feed material is attributable to 238Pu and 239,240Pu. As a result, only intakes of 

238Pu, 239,240Pu, HTO, 210Po, 232Th, 230Th, 228Th, 226Ra, and 227Ac from Mound effluents are significant 

for dose reconstruction. The absorption type most favorable to claimants should be chosen for dose 

reconstruction because of the various chemical forms of polonium, thorium, and plutonium used at 

Mound Laboratory.

Table 4-9. Site-wide annual median effluent inhalation intakes at Mound (Bq).

Year 238Pu 210Po HTO 239,240Pu 232Th 230Th 228Th 227Ac 226Ra

2003 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

2002 3.34E-04 -- 4.66E+02 1.69E-05 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 -- --

2001 3.56E-04 -- 6.43E+02 2.66E-06 2.00E-04 2.70E-04 3.37E-04 -- --

2000 3.62E-04 -- 3.04E+02 1.51E-05 2.58E-04 3.66E-04 3.29E-04 -- --

1999 1.27E-04 -- 1.13E+03 1.33E-05 3.92E-04 3.92E-04 4.08E-04 -- --

1998 4.54E-04 -- 1.34E+03 6.22E-06 1.60E-05 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 -- --

1997 1.83E-03 -- 9.58E+02 0.00E+00 1.90E-04 3.97E-04 2.66E-04 -- --

1996 5.27E-04 -- 9.24E+02 7.10E-06 -- -- -- -- --

1995 5.32E-04 -- 2.81E+02 1.07E-05 -- -- -- -- --

1994 6.47E-04 -- 4.92E+02 2.75E-05 -- -- -- -- --

1993 6.30E-04 -- 5.54E+02 3.46E-05 -- -- -- -- --

1992 5.18E-04 -- 9.90E+02 2.13E-05 -- -- -- -- --

1991 6.84E-04 -- 1.55E+03 0.00E+00 -- -- -- -- --

1990 5.01E-04 -- 2.47E+03 6.22E-06 -- -- -- -- --

1989 1.33E-03 -- 3.33E+03 2.66E-05 -- -- -- -- --

1988 5.15E-03 -- 3.21E+03 1.78E-05 -- -- -- -- --

1987 3.86E-03 -- 4.44E+03 1.42E-05 -- -- -- -- --

1986 8.29E-03 -- 2.84E+03 4.00E-05 -- -- -- -- --

1985 1.12E-02 -- 3.64E+03 5.59E-05 -- -- -- -- --

1984 2.06E-03 -- 2.94E+03 2.66E-05 -- -- -- -- --

1983 1.17E-03 -- 4.57E+03 1.15E-04 -- -- -- -- --

1982 2.12E-03 -- 5.23E+03 0.00E+00 -- -- -- -- --
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 01 Effective Date: 02/07/2013 Page 22 of 106

Year 238Pu 210Po HTO 239,240Pu 232Th 230Th 228Th 227Ac 226Ra

1981 1.84E-03 -- 9.00E+03 0.00E+00 -- -- -- -- --

1980 7.81E-04 -- 1.18E+04 5.33E-05 -- -- -- -- --

1979 1.42E-03 -- 1.15E+03 4.44E-05 -- -- -- -- --

1978 2.22E-03 -- 8.26E+02 3.55E-04 -- -- -- -- --

1977 2.49E-03 -- 2.13E+03 0.00E+00 -- -- -- -- --

1976 7.46E-03 -- 2.66E+03 1.95E-04 -- -- -- -- --

1975 5.68E-03 -- 3.86E+03 2.66E-04 -- -- -- -- --

1974 1.67E-02 9.77E-02 2.04E+04 5.38E-04 -- -- -- -- --

1973 1.39E-02 9.77E-02 9.86E+03 4.47E-04 -- -- -- -- --

1972 1.24E-02 1.15E-01 1.09E+04 4.01E-04 -- -- -- -- --

1971 3.55E-02 1.78E-01 6.39E+05 1.14E-03 -- -- -- -- --

1970 1.05E+00 1.73E+01 1.94E+05 3.39E-02 -- -- -- -- --

1969 2.56E+00 2.40E+01 3.41E+05 8.24E-02 -- -- -- -- --

1968 1.39E+00 3.15E+01 2.98E+05 4.47E-02 -- -- -- 1.53E-03 --

1967 1.32E+01 1.21E+02 3.94E+05 4.24E-01 -- -- -- 1.53E-03 --

1966 7.38E+00 1.13E+02 2.16E+05 2.38E-01 -- -- -- 1.53E-03 --

1965 1.41E+00 9.38E+01 2.24E+05 4.53E-02 -- -- -- 1.53E-03 --

1964 6.11E-02 7.81E+01 2.84E+05 1.97E-03 -- -- -- 1.53E-03 --

1963 2.62E-02 6.51E+01 3.39E+05 8.44E-04 -- -- -- -- --

1962 3.39E-02 5.43E+01 2.64E+05 1.09E-03 -- -- -- -- --

1961 3.88E-02 4.52E+01 2.60E+05 1.25E-03 -- -- -- -- --

1960 6.06E+01 3.77E+01 1.11E+05 1.95E+00 -- -- -- -- --

1959 -- 3.14E+01 3.41E+04 -- -- -- -- -- --

1958 -- 2.62E+01 3.10E+04 -- -- -- -- -- --

1957 -- 2.18E+01 2.82E+04 -- -- -- -- -- --

1956 -- 1.82E+01 2.56E+04 -- -- -- -- -- --

1955 -- 1.51E+01 2.33E+04 -- -- -- -- -- --

1954 -- 1.26E+01 2.12E+04 -- -- -- -- -- --

1953 -- 1.05E+01 -- -- -- -- 7.24E-05 4.39E-05 1.40E-04

1952 -- 1.05E+01 -- -- -- -- 7.24E-05 4.39E-05 1.40E-04

1951 -- 1.05E+01 -- -- -- -- 7.24E-05 4.39E-05 1.40E-04

1950 -- 1.05E+01 -- -- -- -- -- -- --

1949 -- 1.05E+01 -- -- -- -- -- -- --

4.2.3.2 Site-Wide Maximum Annual Average Effluent Inhalation Intakes

Site-wide maximum annual radionuclide intakes have been calculated to estimate the upper 95thpercentile effluent intake. These intakes have been calculated in a manner similar to the median

intakes in Table 4-9. From 1971 to 2002, the maximum, annual average on-site air monitoring station 

results (Tables C-13, C-14, and D-1 through D-30) were used to determine intake concentrations.

For years in which onsite air monitoring data were unavailable (before 1971) and annual effluent data 

were available, empirically derived onsite atmospheric dispersion factors (plutonium, polonium 

particulates, and hydrogen gas/vapor χ/Qs) were used to estimate the intake air concentration. The 

χ/Q derivation coupled the onsite air monitoring location indicating the highest annual average air 

concentration (238Pu, 210Po, and 3

H concentration) with the corresponding effluent source term (listed 

in Table 4-7). This derivation was repeated for an 11-year period of record (1973 to 1983) for 

plutonium and HTO, and 1 year (1973) for polonium. For assigning an intake concentration, the 11- 

and 1-year average χ/Q was selected: 6.03 × 10-4 s/m3 for plutonium; 7.43 × 10-4 s/m3 for polonium, 

actinium, and thorium; and 5.90 × 10-7 s/m3 for gases or vapors (e.g., HT/HTO). The dispersion factor 

data used to infer maximum annual average radionuclide intakes are listed in Table 4-10. The 

maximum intakes listed in Table 4-11 have been derived by multiplying the maximum site-wide annual 

average effluent air concentrations by 2,400 m3

/yr, which is the product of reference man’s default 

breathing rate (1.2 m3

/hr) and 2,000 work-hours per year. The tritium intake has been increased by a 

factor of 1.5 to account for skin absorption. 
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 01 Effective Date: 02/07/2013 Page 23 of 106

An estimate of the uncertainty associated with the median environmental intakes at Mound listed in 

Table 4-9 has been made by assuming that the intakes are lognormally distributed and that the 

median intakes represent the 50th-percentile intake rate. The site-wide maximum annual average 

intakes listed in Table 4-11 are assumed to represent the upper 95th-percentile intake. The resulting 

geometric standard deviations (GSDs) are listed in Table 4-12.

4.2.4 Annual Effluent Submersion External Exposures

Annual average air submersion external exposures were calculated by multiplying the effluent air 

intake concentrations in Table 4-2 by 2,000 work-hours per year as listed in Table 4-13. To assess 

the magnitude of submersion dose, the values in Table 4-13 were multiplied by the effective dose

coefficient for air submersion (Eckerman and Ryman 1993). The results of the assessment indicate 

that the annual effective submersion dose from all radionuclides in Mound effluents is less than 

5.0 × 10-10 Sv (<1 mrem) in any year during Mound operations. As a consequence, dose 

reconstructors need not consider submersion dose from effluents. 

Table 4-10. Inferred maximum onsite dispersion factors by 

radionuclide, 1983–1973. 

Year

χ/Q (s/m3)

H-3 Pu-238

Po-210, Ac-227,

Th-228, and Ra-226

1983 3.12E-07 5.85E-04 --

1982 4.16E-07 1.32E-04 --

1981 5.78E-07 1.44E-03 --

1980 3.43E-06 1.22E-04 --

1979 1.11E-07 5.00E-04 --

1978 3.87E-08 2.48E-04 --

1977 1.80E-07 2.05E-04 --

1976 1.32E-07 5.55E-04 --

1975 1.14E-07 1.41E-03 --

1974 9.85E-07 9.11E-04

1973 1.89E-07 5.21E-04 7.43E-04

N 11 11 1

Minimum 3.87E-08 1.22E-04 7.43E-04

Maximum 3.43E-06 1.44E-03 7.43E-04

Mean 5.90E-07 6.03E-04 7.43E-04

Table 4-11. Site-wide maximum annual intakes at Mound (Bq).

Year Pu-238 Po-210 HTO

Pu-239, 

-240 Th-232 Th-230 Th-228 Ac-227 Ra-226

2003 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

2002 8.32E-04 -- 1.51E+03 2.93E-05 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 -- --

2001 1.41E-03 -- 1.01E+03 1.78E-05 2.50E-04 3.47E-04 3.82E-04 -- --

2000 9.85E-04 -- 5.89E+02 1.51E-05 5.86E-04 8.01E-04 6.60E-04 -- --

1999 1.39E-04 -- 2.65E+03 2.13E-05 4.40E-04 5.14E-04 4.93E-04 -- --

1998 6.75E-04 -- 1.79E+03 6.22E-06 3.55E-05 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 -- --

1997 5.12E-03 -- 1.57E+03 1.65E-04 3.61E-04 5.48E-04 3.89E-04 -- --

1996 7.91E-03 -- 1.26E+03 1.32E-04 -- -- -- -- --

1995 2.90E-02 -- 4.46E+02 1.40E-04 -- -- -- -- --

1994 3.15E-02 -- 1.00E+03 3.11E-04 -- -- -- -- --

1993 3.68E-03 -- 9.00E+02 1.18E-04 -- -- -- -- --

1992 1.98E-03 -- 2.20E+03 3.29E-05 -- -- -- -- --

1991 3.04E-03 -- 5.18E+03 0.00E+00 -- -- -- -- --

1990 3.11E-03 -- 5.11E+03 2.49E-05 -- -- -- -- --

1989 4.08E-03 -- 4.13E+03 4.44E-05 -- -- -- -- --

1988 7.10E-03 -- 5.41E+03 5.33E-05 -- -- -- -- --

1987 1.68E-02 -- 5.17E+03 6.22E-05 -- -- -- -- --
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 01 Effective Date: 02/07/2013 Page 24 of 106

Year Pu-238 Po-210 HTO

Pu-239, 

-240 Th-232 Th-230 Th-228 Ac-227 Ra-226

1986 1.58E-02 -- 5.45E+03 9.06E-05 -- -- -- -- --

1985 1.62E-02 -- 4.36E+03 9.59E-05 -- -- -- -- --

1984 1.12E-02 -- 3.77E+03 6.22E-05 -- -- -- -- --

1983 6.59E-03 -- 5.66E+03 1.78E-04 -- -- -- -- --

1982 7.81E-03 -- 7.53E+03 2.66E-05 -- -- -- -- --

1981 3.23E-02 -- 1.05E+04 2.66E-05 -- -- -- -- --

1980 5.15E-03 -- 5.50E+04 1.33E-04 -- -- -- -- --

1979 1.69E-02 -- 1.80E+03 2.84E-04 -- -- -- -- --

1978 9.77E-03 -- 1.20E+03 4.44E-04 -- -- -- -- --

1977 6.93E-03 -- 3.73E+03 8.88E-04 -- -- -- -- --

1976 2.34E-02 -- 3.46E+03 8.17E-04 -- -- -- -- --

1975 9.15E-02 -- 4.53E+03 1.95E-03 -- -- -- -- --

1974 7.18E-02 1.07E-01 4.26E+04 2.31E-03 -- -- -- -- --

1973 1.23E-01 1.33E-01 1.29E+04 3.97E-03 -- -- -- -- --

1972 3.55E-02 2.04E-01 2.66E+04 1.14E-03 -- -- -- -- --

1971 3.55E-02 3.55E-01 7.19E+05 1.14E-03 -- -- -- -- --

1970 7.36E+00 2.51E+01 4.47E+05 2.37E-01 -- -- -- -- --

1969 1.79E+01 3.48E+01 7.85E+05 5.76E-01 -- -- -- -- --

1968 9.70E+00 4.57E+01 6.87E+05 3.13E-01 -- -- -- 2.22E-03 --

1967 9.22E+01 1.76E+02 9.08E+05 2.97E+00 -- -- -- 2.22E-03 --

1966 5.16E+01 1.63E+02 4.97E+05 1.66E+00 -- -- -- 2.22E-03 --

1965 9.84E+00 1.36E+02 5.15E+05 3.17E-01 -- -- -- 2.22E-03 --

1964 4.27E-01 1.13E+02 6.54E+05 1.38E-02 -- -- -- 2.22E-03 --

1963 1.83E-01 9.46E+01 7.82E+05 5.90E-03 -- -- -- -- --

1962 2.37E-01 7.88E+01 6.09E+05 7.65E-03 -- -- -- -- --

1961 2.71E-01 6.57E+01 5.99E+05 8.74E-03 -- -- -- -- --

1960 4.24E+02 5.47E+01 2.55E+05 1.37E+01 -- -- -- -- --

1959 -- 4.56E+01 7.85E+04 -- -- -- -- -- --

1958 -- 3.80E+01 7.14E+04 -- -- -- -- -- --

1957 -- 3.17E+01 6.49E+04 -- -- -- -- -- --

1956 -- 2.64E+01 5.90E+04 -- -- -- -- -- --

1955 -- 2.20E+01 5.36E+04 -- -- -- -- -- --

1954 -- 1.83E+01 4.88E+04 -- -- -- -- -- --

1953 -- 1.53E+01 -- -- -- -- 1.05E-04 6.37E-05 1.40E-04

1952 -- 1.53E+01 -- -- -- -- 1.05E-04 6.37E-05 1.40E-04

1951 -- 1.53E+01 -- -- -- -- 1.05E-04 6.37E-05 1.40E-04

1950 -- 1.53E+01 -- -- -- -- -- -- --

1949 -- 1.53E+01 -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Table 4-12. Geometric standard deviation for effluent intakes at Mound. 

Year Pu-238

Po210 H-3Pu-249, 

-240

Th232 Th-230 Th-228 Ac-227 Ra-226

2003 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

2002 1.7 -- 2.0 1.7 <EL <EL <EL -- --

2001 2.3 -- 1.3 3.1 1.1 1.2 1.1 -- --

2000 1.8 -- 1.5 1.0 1.6 1.6 1.5 -- --

1999 1.1 -- 1.7 1.3 1.1 1.2 1.1 -- --

1998 1.3 -- 1.2 1.0 1.6 <EL <EL -- --

1997 1.9 -- 1.3 <EL 1.5 1.2 1.3 -- --

1996 5.1 -- 1.2 5.8 1.3 1.3 1.2 -- --

1995 11.2 -- 1.3 4.7 -- -- -- -- --

1994 10.4 -- 1.5 4.3 -- -- -- -- --

1993 2.9 -- 1.3 2.1 -- -- -- -- --

1992 2.3 -- 1.6 1.3 -- -- -- -- --

1991 2.5 -- 2.1 <EL -- -- -- -- --

1990 3.0 -- 1.6 2.3 -- -- -- -- --

1989 2.0 -- 1.1 1.7 -- -- -- -- --
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 01 Effective Date: 02/07/2013 Page 25 of 106

Year Pu-238

Po210 H-3Pu-249, 

-240

Th232 Th-230 Th-228 Ac-227 Ra-226

1988 1.2 -- 1.4 1.9 -- -- -- -- --

1987 2.4 -- 1.1 2.4 -- -- -- -- --

1986 1.5 -- 1.5 1.6 -- -- -- -- --

1985 1.2 -- 1.1 1.4 -- -- -- -- --

1984 2.8 -- 1.2 1.7 -- -- -- -- --

1983 2.8 -- 1.1 1.3 -- -- -- -- --

1982 2.2 -- 1.2 <EL -- -- -- -- --

1981 5.6 -- 1.1 <EL -- -- -- -- --

1980 3.1 -- 2.5 1.7 -- -- -- -- --

1979 4.5 -- 1.3 3.1 -- -- -- -- --

1978 2.4 -- 1.3 1.1 -- -- -- -- --

1977 1.9 -- 1.4 <EL -- -- -- -- --

1976 2.0 -- 1.2 2.4 -- -- -- -- --

1975 5.4 -- 1.1 3.3 -- -- -- -- --

1974 2.4 1.1 1.6 2.4 -- -- -- -- --

1973 3.7 1.2 1.2 3.7 -- -- -- -- --

1972 1.9 1.4 1.7 1.9 -- -- -- -- --

1971 1.0 1.5 1.1 1.0 -- -- -- -- --

1970 3.2 1.3 1.7 3.2 -- -- -- -- --

1969 3.2 1.3 1.7 3.2 -- -- -- -- --

1968 3.2 1.3 1.7 3.2 -- -- -- 1.3 --

1967 3.2 1.3 1.7 3.2 -- -- -- 1.3 --

1966 3.2 1.3 1.7 3.2 -- -- -- 1.3 --

1965 3.2 1.3 1.7 3.2 -- -- -- 1.3 --

1964 3.2 1.3 1.7 3.2 -- -- -- 1.3 --

1963 3.2 1.3 1.7 3.2 -- -- -- -- --

1962 3.2 1.3 1.7 3.2 -- -- -- -- --

1961 3.2 1.3 1.7 3.2 -- -- -- -- --

1960 3.2 1.3 1.7 3.2 -- -- -- -- --

1959 -- 1.3 1.7 -- -- -- -- -- --

1958 -- 1.3 1.7 -- -- -- -- -- --

1957 -- 1.3 1.7 -- -- -- -- -- --

1956 -- 1.3 1.7 -- -- -- -- -- --

1955 -- 1.3 1.7 -- -- -- -- -- --

1954 -- 1.3 1.7 -- -- -- -- -- --

1953 -- 1.3 1.7 -- -- -- 1.3 1.3 1.3

1952 -- 1.3 1.7 -- -- -- 1.3 1.3 1.3

1951 -- 1.3 1.7 -- -- -- 1.3 1.3 1.3

1950 -- 1.3 1.7 -- -- -- -- -- --

1949 -- 1.3 1.7 -- -- -- -- -- --

Mean GSD 3.1 1.3 1.5 2.6 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.3

<EL – 50th-percentile intake concentration is less than the environmental level measured 28 mi off site.

4.2.5 Resuspension Intakes, Submersion External Exposures, and Ground Layer External 

Exposures Attributed to Soil Contamination

This analysis estimated the intake of radionuclides resuspended from soil at the Mound facility using a 

site-wide average profile of radionuclide soil concentrations measured in 30-cm-thick soil samples 

(Lyons 2003). The analysis assumes that all soil samples were obtained in 1990. In addition, the 

assumption that is favorable to claimants that the soil contamination is due to a combination of spills, 

pipeline breaks and effluent deposition in 1949 has been made. As a result, 1990 radionuclide 

concentrations were decay-corrected to obtain radionuclide activities in 1949, 1950, 1955, 1960, 

1965, 1970, 1975, 1980 and 1985 to provide an estimate of radiological conditions for each time 
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 01 Effective Date: 02/07/2013 Page 26 of 106

period (see Tables 4-14 through 4-19). No decay correction has been applied to radionuclides with a 

relatively long half-life or radionuclide progeny in secular equilibrium with a long-lived parent 

radionuclide in the soil. Plutonium and americium soil contamination from SRS feed material is 

assumed to be present beginning in 1960.

Because there is no 210Po soil data available, the 210Po soil concentrations in Tables 4-14 through 

4-19 were inferred based on the relationship between the sum of 238Pu effluent from 1960 to 1983 

(362,670 μCi) and the decay-corrected soil concentration of 238Pu in 1960 (2160.8 Bq/kg). The 

resulting ratio of 5.96 × 10-3 Bq/kg per μCi emitted was applied to the 1949 through 1974 annual 210Po 

emissions. To account for the buildup and decay of 210Po in soil, 16% of the previous year’s 210Po soil 

concentration was added to the next consecutive year’s 210Po soil concentration starting in 1950, 

because after 1 year, only 16% of the original 210Po activity remains. The highest 210Po soil

concentration in the periods listed in Tables 4-14 through 4-19 has been used in the calculations. 

Because effluent emissions of 210Po at Mound ceased in 1974, 210Po soil contamination is assumed to 

have decayed by 1975.

The mean soil concentrations (picocuries per gram) were converted to resuspension concentrations 

using the four-factor formula in ORAUT (2005, Equation 3-3). Resuspension air concentrations were 

used to calculate (1) external exposures by submersion and (2) submersion (resuspension) intakes 

(becquerels) by multiplying the air concentrations by 2,000 hr/yr and using a breathing rate of 

2,400 m3

/yr for inhalation intake. Resuspension intakes for 3H, 238Pu, 239,240Pu, and 210Po intakes were 

not calculated because the derivation of the inhalation intakes in Table 4-9 already accounts for soil 

resuspension intakes at the Mound site. The results are listed in Tables 4-14 through 4-19 and are 

applicable (persist) for the periods indicated.

The external submersion and submersion (resuspension) intakes are presented in Tables 4-14 

through 4-19. The annual external submersion dose and submersion (resuspension) intake doses 

due to contaminated soil are less than 1 mrem annually and can be neglected for dose reconstruction.

Estimates of external exposure from radionuclides present in soil at the Mound facility were made 

using the same site-wide average decay-corrected profile of radionuclides in the resuspension intake 

estimates. Soil mass activity concentrations were converted to equivalent volume activity 

concentrations using a soil density of 1,600 kg/m3 and exposure duration of 2,000 hr/yr to derive soil 

layer external exposures. These results (listed in Tables 4-14 through 4-19) are applicable to the 

radionuclides and periods applied to the resuspension intake assessment. Table 4-20 summarizes 

the annual mean site-wide external exposure results for the Mound site. 

No general area environmental measurements of direct gamma radiation were documented for the 

Mound facility other than a single aerial survey in July 1976 (DOE 1993b). The maximum exposure 

rates documented in the survey report ranged from 20.5 to 23.5 μR/hr around the SM Building and 

Building 38 on the SM/PP Hill. Data from this report were difficult to interpret in a manner useful to 

dose reconstruction because they (1) applied to a single moment in time and (2) were probably 

heavily influenced by isolated radiation sources. Nevertheless, this exposure rate has been used to 

estimate the maximum exposure rate on site by assuming that the maximum exposure rate of 

23.5 μR/hr measured in 1976 was due to a spill in 1949. The spill is assumed to contain a mix of 

radionuclides identical to the site-wide average soil profile of radionuclides measured in 30-cm-thick 

soil samples (Lyons 2003). As a consequence, the maximum exposure rate is assumed to decay 

over time exactly like the site-wide average soil concentrations (see Table 4-20).

When assigning dose, the mean and maximum environmental external radiation levels should be 

multiplied by the ambient dose equivalent H*(10) dose conversion factor for an isotropic exposure 

geometry (NIOSH 2007).
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 01 Effective Date: 02/07/2013 Page 27 of 106

An estimate of the uncertainty associated with the ambient dose from soil contamination has been 

made by assuming that the ambient dose is lognormally distributed and that the median annual dose 

from the soil contamination listed in Tables 4-14 through 4-19 represents the 50th-percentile dose. 

The maximum annual exposure rates around the SM Building and Building 38 on the SM/PP Hill are 

assumed to represent the upper 95th-percentile ambient dose. The resulting GSD is 3.12 for each 

year from 1949 through 2002. 
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 01 Effective Date: 02/07/2013 Page 28 of 106

Table 4-13. Annual average effluent submersion external exposures at Mound by year and radionuclide (Bq s/m3).

Year Pu-238 Po-210 HTO Pu-236 Pu-239, -240 Pu-242 Pu-241 U-234 Np-237 Am-241 Pa-231 Th-232 U-232 U-235 U-236 Ac-227

2003 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

2002 1.14E+00 -- 9.32E+05 4.40E-06 6.13E-02 3.29E-07 5.15E-02 9.81E-07 1.76E-08 1.42E-04 3.92E-08 2.00E-02 1.86E-05 1.79E-12 5.37E-11 6.01E-05

2001 1.07E+00 -- 1.29E+06 4.12E-06 7.99E-03 3.08E-07 4.82E-02 9.19E-07 1.65E-08 1.33E-04 3.67E-08 5.99E-01 1.74E-05 1.68E-12 5.03E-11 5.63E-05

2000 1.09E+00 -- 6.07E+05 4.19E-06 4.53E-02 3.13E-07 4.91E-02 9.36E-07 1.67E-08 1.36E-04 3.74E-08 7.75E-01 1.77E-05 1.71E-12 5.12E-11 5.72E-05

1999 3.81E-01 -- 2.25E+06 1.47E-06 4.00E-02 1.10E-07 1.72E-02 3.28E-07 5.87E-09 4.76E-05 1.31E-08 1.18E+00 6.20E-06 5.99E-13 1.80E-11 2.01E-05

1998 1.36E+00 -- 2.68E+06 5.25E-06 1.86E-02 3.93E-07 6.15E-02 1.17E-06 2.10E-08 1.70E-04 4.68E-08 4.80E-02 2.22E-05 2.14E-12 6.41E-11 7.17E-05

1997 5.49E+00 -- 1.92E+06 2.12E-05 1.77E-01 1.58E-06 2.48E-01 4.72E-06 8.45E-08 6.85E-04 1.89E-07 5.70E-01 8.94E-05 8.63E-12 2.59E-10 2.89E-04

1996 1.58E+00 -- 1.85E+06 6.11E-06 2.13E-02 4.56E-07 7.15E-02 1.36E-06 2.44E-08 1.98E-04 5.44E-08 1.26E-13 2.58E-05 2.49E-12 7.46E-11 8.33E-05

1995 1.60E+00 -- 5.62E+05 6.16E-06 3.20E-02 4.60E-07 7.21E-02 1.37E-06 2.46E-08 1.99E-04 5.49E-08 1.27E-13 2.60E-05 2.51E-12 7.52E-11 8.41E-05

1994 1.94E+02 -- 9.83E+05 7.50E-04 8.26E-02 5.60E-05 8.77E+00 1.67E-04 2.99E-06 2.43E-02 6.68E-06 1.55E-11 3.16E-03 3.06E-10 9.15E-09 1.02E-02

1993 1.89E+00 -- 1.11E+06 7.30E-06 1.04E-01 5.46E-07 8.54E-02 1.63E-06 2.91E-08 2.36E-04 6.50E-08 1.51E-13 3.08E-05 2.98E-12 8.91E-11 9.96E-05

1992 1.55E+00 -- 1.98E+06 5.99E-06 6.39E-02 4.48E-07 7.01E-02 1.34E-06 2.39E-08 1.94E-04 5.34E-08 1.24E-13 2.53E-05 2.44E-12 7.32E-11 8.18E-05

1991 2.05E+00 -- 3.10E+06 7.92E-06 0.00E+00 5.92E-07 9.26E-02 1.77E-06 3.16E-08 2.56E-04 7.05E-08 1.64E-13 3.34E-05 3.23E-12 9.67E-11 1.08E-04

1990 1.50E+00 -- 4.95E+06 5.80E-06 1.86E-02 4.33E-07 6.79E-02 1.29E-06 2.31E-08 1.88E-04 5.17E-08 1.20E-13 2.45E-05 2.36E-12 7.08E-11 7.91E-05

1989 4.00E+00 -- 6.66E+06 1.54E-05 7.99E-02 1.15E-06 1.80E-01 3.44E-06 6.16E-08 4.99E-04 1.37E-07 3.19E-13 6.51E-05 6.29E-12 1.88E-10 2.10E-04

1988 1.55E+01 -- 6.42E+06 5.96E-05 5.33E-02 4.46E-06 6.98E-01 1.33E-05 2.38E-07 1.93E-03 5.31E-07 1.23E-12 2.52E-04 2.43E-11 7.28E-10 8.14E-04

1987 1.16E+01 -- 8.87E+06 4.47E-05 4.26E-02 3.34E-06 5.23E-01 9.97E-06 1.79E-07 1.45E-03 3.98E-07 9.26E-13 1.89E-04 1.82E-11 5.46E-10 6.10E-04

1986 2.49E+01 -- 5.67E+06 9.60E-05 1.20E-01 7.18E-06 1.12E+00 2.14E-05 3.83E-07 3.11E-03 8.55E-07 1.99E-12 4.05E-04 3.91E-11 1.17E-09 1.31E-03

1985 3.36E+01 -- 7.27E+06 1.30E-04 1.68E-01 9.68E-06 1.52E+00 2.89E-05 5.17E-07 4.19E-03 1.15E-06 2.68E-12 5.47E-04 5.28E-11 1.58E-09 1.77E-03

1984 6.18E+00 -- 5.89E+06 2.39E-05 7.99E-02 1.78E-06 2.79E-01 5.32E-06 9.52E-08 7.72E-04 2.12E-07 4.94E-13 1.01E-04 9.72E-12 2.91E-10 3.26E-04

1983 3.52E+00 -- 9.14E+06 1.36E-05 3.46E-01 1.01E-06 1.59E-01 3.03E-06 5.42E-08 4.39E-04 1.21E-07 2.81E-13 5.73E-05 5.53E-12 1.66E-10 1.85E-04

1982 6.37E+00 -- 1.05E+07 2.46E-05 0.00E+00 1.84E-06 2.88E-01 5.48E-06 9.81E-08 7.95E-04 2.19E-07 5.09E-13 1.04E-04 1.00E-11 3.00E-10 3.35E-04

1981 5.51E+00 -- 1.80E+07 2.13E-05 0.00E+00 1.59E-06 2.49E-01 4.75E-06 8.49E-08 6.89E-04 1.90E-07 4.41E-13 8.98E-05 8.68E-12 2.60E-10 2.90E-04

1980 2.34E+00 -- 2.37E+07 9.05E-06 1.60E-01 6.76E-07 1.06E-01 2.02E-06 3.61E-08 2.93E-04 8.06E-08 1.87E-13 3.82E-05 3.69E-12 1.10E-10 1.23E-04

1979 4.26E+00 -- 2.29E+06 1.65E-05 1.33E-01 1.23E-06 1.92E-01 3.67E-06 6.57E-08 5.32E-04 1.47E-07 3.41E-13 6.94E-05 6.71E-12 2.01E-10 2.25E-04

1978 6.66E+00 -- 1.65E+06 2.57E-05 1.07E+00 1.92E-06 3.01E-01 5.73E-06 1.03E-07 8.32E-04 2.29E-07 5.32E-13 1.08E-04 1.05E-11 3.14E-10 3.51E-04

1977 7.46E+00 -- 4.26E+06 2.88E-05 0.00E+00 2.15E-06 3.37E-01 6.42E-06 1.15E-07 9.32E-04 2.56E-07 5.96E-13 1.21E-04 1.17E-11 3.51E-10 3.93E-04

1976 2.24E+01 -- 5.33E+06 8.64E-05 5.86E-01 6.45E-06 1.01E+00 1.93E-05 3.45E-07 2.80E-03 7.69E-07 1.79E-12 3.64E-04 3.52E-11 1.05E-09 1.18E-03

1975 1.70E+01 -- 7.73E+06 6.58E-05 7.99E-01 4.92E-06 7.70E-01 1.47E-05 2.63E-07 2.13E-03 5.86E-07 1.36E-12 2.78E-04 2.68E-11 8.03E-10 8.98E-04

1974 5.01E+01 2.93E+02 4.08E+07 1.93E-04 1.61E+00 1.45E-05 2.26E+00 4.31E-05 7.72E-07 6.26E-03 1.72E-06 4.00E-12 8.16E-04 7.88E-11 2.36E-09 2.64E-03

1973 4.16E+01 3.04E+02 1.97E+07 1.60E-04 1.34E+00 1.20E-05 1.88E+00 3.58E-05 6.41E-07 5.19E-03 1.43E-06 3.32E-12 6.77E-04 6.54E-11 1.96E-09 2.19E-03

1972 3.73E+01 3.46E+02 2.18E+07 1.44E-04 1.20E+00 1.08E-05 1.68E+00 3.21E-05 5.75E-07 4.66E-03 1.28E-06 2.98E-12 6.07E-04 5.87E-11 1.76E-09 1.96E-03

1971 1.07E+02 1.07E+03 1.44E+09 4.11E-04 3.43E+00 3.07E-05 4.81E+00 9.17E-05 1.64E-06 1.33E-02 3.66E-06 8.51E-12 1.74E-03 1.68E-10 5.02E-09 5.61E-03

1970 3.16E+03 5.18E+04 3.88E+08 1.22E-02 1.02E+02 9.11E-04 1.43E+02 2.72E-03 4.86E-05 3.94E-01 1.09E-04 2.52E-10 5.14E-02 4.97E-09 1.49E-07 1.66E-01

1969 7.67E+03 7.20E+04 6.82E+08 2.96E-02 2.47E+02 2.21E-03 3.46E+02 6.60E-03 1.18E-04 9.58E-01 2.64E-04 6.13E-10 1.25E-01 1.21E-08 3.61E-07 4.04E-01

1968 4.16E+03 9.44E+04 5.96E+08 1.61E-02 1.34E+02 1.20E-03 1.88E+02 3.58E-03 6.41E-05 5.19E-01 1.43E-04 3.32E-10 6.77E-02 6.54E-09 1.96E-07 2.19E-01

1967 3.95E+04 3.64E+05 7.88E+08 1.53E-01 1.27E+03 1.14E-02 1.78E+03 3.40E-02 6.09E-04 4.94E+00 1.36E-03 3.16E-09 6.44E-01 6.22E-08 1.86E-06 2.08E+00

1968 2.21E+04 3.38E+05 4.31E+08 8.54E-02 7.13E+02 6.38E-03 1.00E+03 1.91E-02 3.41E-04 2.76E+00 7.61E-04 1.77E-09 3.60E-01 3.48E-08 1.04E-06 1.17E+00

1965 4.22E+03 2.81E+05 4.47E+08 1.63E-02 1.36E+02 1.22E-03 1.91E+02 3.63E-03 6.50E-05 5.27E-01 1.45E-04 3.37E-10 6.87E-02 6.64E-09 1.99E-07 2.22E-01

1964 1.83E+02 2.34E+05 5.68E+08 7.07E-04 5.90E+00 5.28E-05 8.27E+00 1.58E-04 2.82E-06 2.29E-02 6.30E-06 1.46E-11 2.98E-03 2.88E-10 8.63E-09 9.65E-03

1963 7.85E+01 1.95E+05 6.79E+08 3.03E-04 2.53E+00 2.26E-05 3.55E+00 6.76E-05 1.21E-06 9.81E-03 2.70E-06 6.27E-12 1.28E-03 1.24E-10 3.70E-09 4.14E-03

1962 1.02E+02 1.63E+05 5.29E+08 3.93E-04 3.28E+00 2.94E-05 4.60E+00 8.76E-05 1.57E-06 1.27E-02 3.50E-06 8.13E-12 1.66E-03 1.60E-10 4.80E-09 5.36E-03

1961 1.16E+02 1.36E+05 5.20E+08 4.49E-04 3.75E+00 3.36E-05 5.25E+00 1.00E-04 1.79E-06 1.45E-02 4.00E-06 9.30E-12 1.89E-03 1.83E-10 5.48E-09 6.13E-03

1960 1.82E+05 1.13E+05 2.21E+08 7.02E-01 5.86E+03 5.25E-02 8.21E+03 1.57E-01 2.80E-03 2.27E+01 6.25E-03 1.45E-08 2.96E+00 2.86E-07 8.57E-06 9.58E+00

1959 -- 9.42E+04 6.82E+07 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

1958 -- 7.85E+04 6.20E+07 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

1957 -- 6.54E+04 5.63E+07 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

1956 -- 5.45E+04 5.12E+07 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

1955 -- 4.54E+04 4.66E+07 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

1954 -- 3.79E+04 4.23E+07 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

1953 -- 3.16E+04 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

1952 -- 3.16E+04 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

1951 -- 3.16E+04 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

1950 -- 3.16E+04 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

1949 -- 3.16E+04 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 01 Effective Date: 02/07/2013 Page 29 of 106

Table 4-14. Annual average ground layer external exposure, resuspension submersion external exposure, and resuspension submersion 

intake at Mound by radionuclide, 1990 to present. 

Nuclide

Half-life 

(yr)

Mean 

soil

(Bq/kg)

Airborne

(Bq/m3)

Submersion 

intake

(Bq)a 

ICRP (1995) 

DCF (Sv/Bq)

Submersion 

intake dose 

(Sv)

External 

submersion

(Bq s/m3)

a 

Sv/(Bq s/m3) 

effective

DCF

Submersion 

effective 

dose

(Sv)

Soil layerb

(Bq s/m3)

a 

Infinite 

thickness 

DCF

Sv/(Bq s/m3)

Soil 

exposure 

dose 

(Sv/yr)

Ac-227 2.18E+01 12.58 1.61E-06 3.86E-03 6.30E-04 2.43E-06 1.16E+01 5.82E-18 6.75E-17 1.45E+11 2.65E-21 3.84E-10

Th-227 5.12E-02 12.58 1.61E-06 3.86E-03 7.60E-06 2.94E-08 1.16E+01 4.88E-15 5.66E-14 1.45E+11 2.79E-18 4.04E-07

Am-241 4.32E+02 4.81 6.16E-07 1.48E-03 2.70E-05 3.99E-08 4.43E+00 8.18E-16 3.63E-15 5.54E+10 2.34E-19 1.30E-08

Pu-238 8.78E+01 1,705.70 2.18E-04 c 3.00E-05 c 1.57E+03 4.88E-18 7.67E-15 1.96E+13 8.10E-22 1.59E-08

Pu-239, 240 2.41E+04 1.11 1.42E-07 c 3.20E-05 c 1.02E+00 4.75E-18 4.86E-18 1.28E+10 1.58E-21 2.02E-11

Pu-241 1.44E+01 440.30 5.64E-05 1.35E-01 5.80E-07 7.85E-08 4.06E+02 7.25E-20 2.94E-17 5.07E+12 3.16E-23 1.60E-10

Co-60 5.27E+00 3.33 4.26E-07 1.02E-03 1.70E-08 1.74E-11 3.07E+00 1.26E-13 3.87E-13 3.84E+10 8.68E-17 3.33E-06

Pa-231 3.28E+04 42.18 5.40E-06 1.30E-02 8.90E-05 1.15E-06 3.89E+01 1.72E-15 6.69E-14 4.86E+11 1.02E-18 4.96E-07

Th-230 7.70E+04 110.26 1.41E-05 3.39E-02 2.80E-05 9.48E-07 1.02E+02 1.74E-17 1.77E-15 1.27E+12 6.47E-21 8.22E-09

Th-232 1.41E+10 51.06 6.54E-06 1.57E-02 2.90E-05 4.55E-07 4.71E+01 8.72E-18 4.10E-16 5.88E+11 2.79E-21 1.64E-09

Ac-228 6.99E-04 37.37 4.78E-06 1.15E-02 2.90E-08 3.33E-10 3.44E+01 4.78E-14 1.65E-12 4.31E+11 3.20E-17 1.38E-05

Ra-228 5.76E+00 37.37 4.78E-06 1.15E-02 1.70E-06 1.95E-08 3.44E+01 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 4.31E+11 0.00E+00 0.00E+00

Bi-207 3.22E+01 2.22 2.84E-07 6.82E-04 3.20E-09 2.18E-12 2.05E+00 7.54E-14 1.54E-13 2.56E+10 5.02E-17 1.28E-06

Bi-210 1.37E-02 2.96 3.79E-07 9.09E-04 6.00E-08 5.46E-11 2.73E+00 3.29E-17 8.97E-17 3.41E+10 1.93E-20 6.58E-10

Bi-210m 3.00E+06 2.96 3.79E-07 9.09E-04 2.10E-06 1.91E-09 2.73E+00 1.22E-14 3.33E-14 3.41E+10 7.37E-18 2.51E-07

Bi-241 3.78E-05 28.86 3.69E-06 8.87E-03 2.10E-08 1.86E-10 2.66E+01 7.65E-14 2.03E-12 3.32E+11 5.25E-17 1.75E-05

Ra-226 1.60E+03 48.10 6.16E-06 1.48E-02 2.20E-06 3.25E-08 4.43E+01 3.15E-16 1.40E-14 5.54E+11 1.70E-19 9.42E-08

Cs-137 3.02E+01 8.88 1.14E-06 2.73E-03 6.70E-09 1.83E-11 8.18E+00 7.74E-18 6.33E-17 1.02E+11 4.02E-21 4.11E-10

Ba-137m 8.08E-08 8.88 1.14E-06 2.73E-03 See Cs-137 See Cs-137 8.18E+00 2.88E-14 2.36E-13 1.02E+11 1.93E-17 1.97E-06

Eu-152 1.34E+01 3.33 4.26E-07 1.02E-03 2.70E-08 2.76E-11 3.07E+00 5.65E-14 1.73E-13 3.84E+10 3.75E-17 1.44E-06

Eu-154 8.50E+00 4.44 5.68E-07 1.36E-03 3.50E-08 4.77E-11 4.09E+00 6.14E-14 2.51E-13 5.11E+10 4.11E-17 2.10E-06

Np-237 2.14E+06 0.74 9.47E-08 2.27E-04 1.50E-05 3.41E-09 6.82E-01 1.03E-15 7.02E-16 8.52E+09 4.17E-19 3.55E-09

Pu-242 3.76E+05 1.11 1.42E-07 3.41E-04 3.10E-05 1.06E-08 1.02E+00 4.01E-18 4.10E-18 1.28E+10 6.85E-22 8.76E-12

Sr-90 2.86E+01 26.64 3.41E-06 8.18E-03 7.70E-08 6.30E-10 2.46E+01 7.53E-18 1.85E-16 3.07E+11 3.77E-21 1.16E-09

Y-90 7.30E-03 26.64 3.41E-06 8.18E-03 1.70E-09 1.39E-11 2.46E+01 1.90E-16 4.66E-15 3.07E+11 1.28E-19 3.93E-08

Tc-99 2.13E+05 50.32 6.44E-06 1.55E-02 3.20E-09 4.95E-11 4.64E+01 1.62E-18 7.51E-17 5.80E+11 6.72E-22 3.90E-10

H-3 1.23E+01 105.08 1.35E-05 c 4.50E-11 c 9.68E+01 3.31E-19 3.21E-17 1.21E+12 0.00E+00 0.00E+00

Total 5.21E-06 5.07E-12 4.27E-05

a. Based on exposure duration of 2,000 hr/yr.

b. Uppermost 30 cm of soil layer [adapted from Lyons (2003)].

c. H-3, Pu-238, and Pu-239 resuspension taken into account in derivation of effluent intakes.
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 01 Effective Date: 02/07/2013 Page 30 of 106

Table 4-15. Annual average ground layer external exposure, resuspension submersion external exposure, and resuspension submersion 

intake at Mound by radionuclide, 1980 through 1989. 

Nuclide

Half-life 

(yr)

Mean

soil

(Bq/kg)

Airborne

(Bq/m3)

Submersion 

intake

(Bq)a 

ICRP (1995) 

DCF (Sv/Bq)

Submersion 

intake dose 

(Sv)

External 

submersion

(Bq s/m3)

a 

Sv/(Bq s/m3) 

effective

DCF

Effective 

dose

(Sv)

Soil layerb

(Bq s/m3)

a 

Infinite 

thickness

DCF

Sv/(Bq s/m3)

Soil 

exposure 

dose 

(Sv/yr)

Ac-227 2.18E+01 12.58 1.61E-06 3.86E-03 6.30E-04 2.43E-06 1.16E+01 5.82E-18 6.75E-17 1.45E+11 2.65E-21 3.84E-10

Th-227 5.12E-02 12.58 1.61E-06 3.86E-03 7.60E-06 2.94E-08 1.16E+01 4.88E-15 5.66E-14 1.45E+11 2.79E-18 4.04E-07

Am-241 4.32E+02 4.81 6.16E-07 1.48E-03 2.70E-05 3.99E-08 4.43E+00 8.18E-16 3.63E-15 5.54E+10 2.34E-19 1.30E-08

Pu-238 8.78E+01 1,846.30 2.36E-04 c 3.00E-05 c 1.70E+03 4.88E-18 8.30E-15 2.13E+13 8.10E-22 1.72E-08

Pu-239, 240 2.41E+04 1.11 1.42E-07 c 3.20E-05 c 1.02E+00 4.75E-18 4.86E-18 1.28E+10 1.58E-21 2.02E-11

Pu-241 1.44E+01 714.10 9.14E-05 2.19E-01 5.80E-07 1.27E-07 6.58E+02 7.25E-20 4.77E-17 8.23E+12 3.16E-23 2.60E-10

Co-60 5.27E+00 12.40 1.59E-06 3.81E-03 1.70E-08 6.47E-11 1.14E+01 1.26E-13 1.44E-12 1.43E+11 8.68E-17 1.24E-05

Pa-231 3.28E+04 42.18 5.40E-06 1.30E-02 8.90E-05 1.15E-06 3.89E+01 1.72E-15 6.69E-14 4.86E+11 1.02E-18 4.96E-07

Th-230 7.70E+04 110.26 1.41E-05 3.39E-02 2.80E-05 9.48E-07 1.02E+02 1.74E-17 1.77E-15 1.27E+12 6.47E-21 8.22E-09

Th-232 1.41E+10 51.06 6.54E-06 1.57E-02 2.90E-05 4.55E-07 4.71E+01 8.72E-18 4.10E-16 5.88E+11 2.79E-21 1.64E-09

Ac-228 6.99E-04 37.37 4.78E-06 1.15E-02 2.90E-08 3.33E-10 3.44E+01 4.78E-14 1.65E-12 4.31E+11 3.20E-17 1.38E-05

Ra-228 5.76E+00 37.37 4.78E-06 1.15E-02 1.70E-06 1.95E-08 3.44E+01 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 4.31E+11 0.00E+00 0.00E+00

Bi-207 3.22E+01 2.75 3.52E-07 8.46E-04 3.20E-09 2.71E-12 2.54E+00 7.54E-14 1.91E-13 3.17E+10 5.02E-17 1.59E-06

Bi-210 1.37E-02 2.96 3.79E-07 9.09E-04 6.00E-08 5.46E-11 2.73E+00 3.29E-17 8.97E-17 3.41E+10 1.93E-20 6.58E-10

Bi-210m 3.00E+06 2.96 3.79E-07 9.09E-04 2.10E-06 1.91E-09 2.73E+00 1.22E-14 3.33E-14 3.41E+10 7.37E-18 2.51E-07

Bi-241 3.78E-05 28.86 3.69E-06 8.87E-03 2.10E-08 1.86E-10 2.66E+01 7.65E-14 2.03E-12 3.32E+11 5.25E-17 1.75E-05

Ra-226 1.60E+03 48.10 6.16E-06 1.48E-02 2.20E-06 3.25E-08 4.43E+01 3.15E-16 1.40E-14 5.54E+11 1.70E-19 9.42E-08

Cs-137 3.02E+01 11.17 1.43E-06 3.43E-03 6.70E-09 2.30E-11 1.03E+01 7.74E-18 7.97E-17 1.29E+11 4.02E-21 5.17E-10

Ba-137m 8.08E-08 11.17 1.43E-06 3.43E-03 See Cs-137 See Cs-137 1.03E+01 2.88E-14 2.97E-13 1.29E+11 1.93E-17 2.48E-06

Eu-152 1.34E+01 5.59 7.15E-07 1.72E-03 2.70E-08 4.63E-11 5.15E+00 5.65E-14 2.91E-13 6.44E+10 3.75E-17 2.41E-06

Eu-154 8.50E+00 10.03 1.28E-06 3.08E-03 3.50E-08 1.08E-10 9.24E+00 6.14E-14 5.67E-13 1.16E+11 4.11E-17 4.75E-06

Np-237 2.14E+06 0.74 9.47E-08 2.27E-04 1.50E-05 3.41E-09 6.82E-01 1.03E-15 7.02E-16 8.52E+09 4.17E-19 3.55E-09

Pu-242 3.76E+05 1.11 1.42E-07 3.41E-04 3.10E-05 1.06E-08 1.02E+00 4.01E-18 4.10E-18 1.28E+10 6.85E-22 8.76E-12

Sr-90 2.86E+01 33.93 4.34E-06 1.04E-02 7.70E-08 8.03E-10 3.13E+01 7.53E-18 2.35E-16 3.91E+11 3.77E-21 1.47E-09

Y-90 7.30E-03 33.93 4.34E-06 1.04E-02 1.70E-09 1.77E-11 3.13E+01 1.90E-16 5.94E-15 3.91E+11 1.28E-19 5.00E-08

Tc-99 2.13E+05 50.32 6.44E-06 1.55E-02 3.20E-09 4.95E-11 4.64E+01 1.62E-18 7.51E-17 5.80E+11 6.72E-22 3.90E-10

H-3 1.23E+01 184.63 2.36E-05 c 4.50E-11 c 1.70E+02 3.31E-19 5.63E-17 2.13E+12 0.00E+00 0.00E+00

Total 5.26E-06 6.66E-12 5.62E-05

a. Based on an exposure duration of 2,000 hr/yr.

b. Uppermost 30 cm of soil layer [adapted from Lyons (2003)].

c. H-3, Pu-238, and Pu-239 resuspension taken into account in derivation of effluent intakes.
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 01 Effective Date: 02/07/2013 Page 31 of 106

Table 4-16. Annual average ground layer external exposure, resuspension submersion external exposure, and resuspension submersion 

intake at Mound by radionuclide, 1970 through 1979. 

Nuclide

Half-life 

(yr)

Mean

soil

(Bq/kg)

Airborne

(Bq/m3)

Submersion 

intake

(Bq)a 

ICRP (1995) 

DCF (Sv/Bq)

Submersion 

intake dose 

(Sv)

External 

submersion

(Bq s/m3)

a 

Sv/(Bq s/m3) 

effective

DCF

Effective 

dose

(Sv)

Soil layerb

(Bq s/m3)

a 

Infinite 

thickness

DCF

Sv/(Bq s/m3)

Soil 

exposure 

dose 

(Sv/yr)

Ac-227 2.18E+01 12.58 1.61E-06 3.86E-03 6.30E-04 2.43E-06 1.16E+01 5.82E-18 6.75E-17 1.45E+11 2.65E-21 3.84E-10

Th-227 5.12E-02 12.58 1.61E-06 3.86E-03 7.60E-06 2.94E-08 1.16E+01 4.88E-15 5.66E-14 1.45E+11 2.79E-18 4.04E-07

Am-241 4.32E+02 4.81 6.16E-07 1.48E-03 2.70E-05 3.99E-08 4.43E+00 8.18E-16 3.63E-15 5.54E+10 2.34E-19 1.30E-08

Pu-238 8.78E+01 1,998.00 2.56E-04 c 3.00E-05 c 1.84E+03 4.88E-18 8.99E-15 2.30E+13 8.10E-22 1.86E-08

Pu-239, 240 2.41E+04 1.11 1.42E-07 c 3.20E-05 c 1.02E+00 4.75E-18 4.86E-18 1.28E+10 1.58E-21 2.02E-11

Pu-241 1.44E+01 1,158.10 1.48E-04 3.56E-01 5.80E-07 2.06E-07 1.07E+03 7.25E-20 7.74E-17 1.33E+13 3.16E-23 4.22E-10

Co-60 5.27E+00 46.25 5.92E-06 1.42E-02 1.70E-08 2.42E-10 4.26E+01 1.26E-13 5.37E-12 5.33E+11 8.68E-17 4.62E-05

Pa-231 3.28E+04 42.18 5.40E-06 1.30E-02 8.90E-05 1.15E-06 3.89E+01 1.72E-15 6.69E-14 4.86E+11 1.02E-18 4.96E-07

Th-230 7.70E+04 110.26 1.41E-05 3.39E-02 2.80E-05 9.48E-07 1.02E+02 1.74E-17 1.77E-15 1.27E+12 6.47E-21 8.22E-09

Th-232 1.41E+10 51.06 6.54E-06 1.57E-02 2.90E-05 4.55E-07 4.71E+01 8.72E-18 4.10E-16 5.88E+11 2.79E-21 1.64E-09

Ac-228 6.99E-04 37.37 4.78E-06 1.15E-02 2.90E-08 3.33E-10 3.44E+01 4.78E-14 1.65E-12 4.31E+11 3.20E-17 1.38E-05 228228 5.76E+00 37.37 4.78E-06 1.15E-02 1.70E-06 1.95E-08 3.44E+01 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 4.31E+11 0.00E+00 0.00E+00

Bi-207 3.22E+01 3.42 4.37E-07 1.05E-03 3.20E-09 3.36E-12 3.15E+00 7.54E-14 2.37E-13 3.93E+10 5.02E-17 1.97E-06

Bi-210 1.37E-02 2.96 3.79E-07 9.09E-04 6.00E-08 5.46E-11 2.73E+00 3.29E-17 8.97E-17 3.41E+10 1.93E-20 6.58E-10

Bi-210m 3.00E+06 2.96 3.79E-07 9.09E-04 2.10E-06 1.91E-09 2.73E+00 1.22E-14 3.33E-14 3.41E+10 7.37E-18 2.51E-07

Bi-214 3.78E-05 28.86 3.69E-06 8.87E-03 2.10E-08 1.86E-10 2.66E+01 7.65E-14 2.03E-12 3.32E+11 5.25E-17 1.75E-05

R-226 1.60E+03 48.10 6.16E-06 1.48E-02 2.20E-06 3.25E-08 4.43E+01 3.15E-16 1.40E-14 5.54E+11 1.70E-19 9.42E-08

Cs-137 3.02E+01 14.06 1.80E-06 4.32E-03 6.70E-09 2.89E-11 1.30E+01 7.74E-18 1.00E-16 1.62E+11 4.02E-21 6.51E-10

Ba-137m 8.08E-08 14.06 1.80E-06 4.32E-03 See Cs-137 See Cs-137 1.30E+01 2.88E-14 3.73E-13 1.62E+11 1.93E-17 3.13E-06

Eu-152 1.34E+01 9.36 1.20E-06 2.88E-03 2.70E-08 7.76E-11 8.63E+00 5.65E-14 4.87E-13 1.08E+11 3.75E-17 4.04E-06

Eu-154 8.50E+00 22.68 2.90E-06 6.97E-03 3.50E-08 2.44E-10 2.09E+01 6.14E-14 1.28E-12 2.61E+11 4.11E-17 1.07E-05

Np-237 2.14E+06 0.74 9.47E-08 2.27E-04 1.50E-05 3.41E-09 6.82E-01 1.03E-15 7.02E-16 8.52E+09 4.17E-19 3.55E-09

Pu-142 3.76E+05 1.11 1.42E-07 3.41E-04 3.10E-05 1.06E-08 1.02E+00 4.01E-18 4.10E-18 1.28E+10 6.85E-22 8.76E-12

Sr-90 2.86E+01 43.29 5.54E-06 1.33E-02 7.70E-08 1.02E-09 3.99E+01 7.53E-18 3.00E-16 4.99E+11 3.77E-21 1.88E-09

Y-90 7.30E-03 43.29 5.54E-06 1.33E-02 1.70E-09 2.26E-11 3.99E+01 1.90E-16 7.58E-15 4.99E+11 1.28E-19 6.38E-08

Tc-99 2.13E+05 50.32 6.44E-06 1.55E-02 3.20E-09 4.95E-11 4.64E+01 1.62E-18 7.51E-17 5.80E+11 6.72E-22 3.90E-10

H-3 1.23E+01 324.49 4.15E-05 c 4.50E-11 c 2.99E+02 3.31E-19 9.90E-17 3.74E+12 0.00E+00 0.00E+00

Po-210 3.79E-01 78.07 9.99E-06 c 2.20E-06 c 7.19E+01 4.16E-19 2.99E-17 8.99E+11 2.80E-22 2.52E-10

Total 5.34E-06 1.16E-11 9.87E-05

a. Based on an exposure duration of 2,000 hr/yr.

b. Uppermost 30 cm of soil layer [adapted from Lyons (2003)].

c. H-3, Pu-239, Pu-238, and Po-210 resuspension taken into account in derivation of effluent intakes.
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 01 Effective Date: 02/07/2013 Page 32 of 106

Table 4-17. Annual average ground layer external exposure, resuspension submersion external exposure, and resuspension submersion 

intake at Mound by radionuclide, 1960 through 1969. 

Nuclide

Half-life 

(yr)

Mean

soil

(Bq/kg)

Airborne

(Bq/m3)

Submersion 

intake

(Bq)a 

ICRP (1995) 

DCF (Sv/Bq)

Submersion 

intake dose 

(Sv)

External 

submersion

(Bq s/m3)

a 

Sv/(Bq s/m3) 

effective

DCF

Effective 

dose

(Sv)

Soil layerb

(Bq s/m3)

a 

Infinite 

thickness

DCF

Sv/(Bq s/m3)

Soil 

exposure 

dose 

(Sv/yr)

Ac-227 2.18E+01 12.58 1.61E-06 3.86E-03 6.30E-04 2.43E-06 1.16E+01 5.82E-18 6.75E-17 1.45E+11 2.65E-21 3.84E-10

Th-227 5.12E-02 12.58 1.61E-06 3.86E-03 7.60E-06 2.94E-08 1.16E+01 4.88E-15 5.66E-14 1.45E+11 2.79E-18 4.04E-07

Am-241 4.32E+02 4.81 6.16E-07 1.48E-03 2.70E-05 3.99E-08 4.43E+00 8.18E-16 3.63E-15 5.54E+10 2.34E-19 1.30E-08

Pu-238 8.78E+01 2,160.80 2.77E-04 c 3.00E-05 c 1.99E+03 4.88E-18 9.72E-15 2.49E+13 8.10E-22 2.02E-08

Pu-239, 240 2.41E+04 1.11 1.42E-07 c 3.20E-05 c 1.02E+00 4.75E-18 4.86E-18 1.28E+10 1.58E-21 2.02E-11

Pu-241 1.44E+01 1,875.90 2.40E-04 5.76E-01 5.80E-07 3.34E-07 1.73E+03 7.25E-20 1.25E-16 2.16E+13 3.16E-23 6.83E-10

Co-60 5.27E+00 172.05 2.20E-05 5.29E-02 1.70E-08 8.99E-10 1.59E+02 1.26E-13 2.00E-11 1.98E+12 8.68E-17 1.72E-04

Pa-231 3.28E+04 42.18 5.40E-06 1.30E-02 8.90E-05 1.15E-06 3.89E+01 1.72E-15 6.69E-14 4.86E+11 1.02E-18 4.96E-07

Th-230 7.70E+04 110.26 1.41E-05 3.39E-02 2.80E-05 9.48E-07 1.02E+02 1.74E-17 1.77E-15 1.27E+12 6.47E-21 8.22E-09

Th-232 1.41E+10 51.06 6.54E-06 1.57E-02 2.90E-05 4.55E-07 4.71E+01 8.72E-18 4.10E-16 5.88E+11 2.79E-21 1.64E-09

Ac-228 6.99E-04 37.37 4.78E-06 1.15E-02 2.90E-08 3.33E-10 3.44E+01 4.78E-14 1.65E-12 4.31E+11 3.20E-17 1.38E-05

Ra-228 5.76E+00 37.37 4.78E-06 1.15E-02 1.70E-06 1.95E-08 3.44E+01 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 4.31E+11 0.00E+00 0.00E+00

Bi-207 3.22E+01 4.22 5.40E-07 1.30E-03 3.20E-09 4.15E-12 3.89E+00 7.54E-14 2.93E-13 4.86E+10 5.02E-17 2.44E-06

Bi-210 1.37E-02 2.96 3.79E-07 9.09E-04 6.00E-08 5.46E-11 2.73E+00 3.29E-17 8.97E-17 3.41E+10 1.93E-20 6.58E-10

Bi-10m 3.00E+06 2.96 3.79E-07 9.09E-04 2.10E-06 1.91E-09 2.73E+00 1.22E-14 3.33E-14 3.41E+10 7.37E-18 2.51E-07

Bi-214 3.78E-05 28.86 3.69E-06 8.87E-03 2.10E-08 1.86E-10 2.66E+01 7.65E-14 2.03E-12 3.32E+11 5.25E-17 1.75E-05

Ra-226 1.60E+03 48.10 6.16E-06 1.48E-02 2.20E-06 3.25E-08 4.43E+01 3.15E-16 1.40E-14 5.54E+11 1.70E-19 9.42E-08

Cs-137 3.02E+01 17.69 2.26E-06 5.43E-03 6.70E-09 3.64E-11 1.63E+01 7.74E-18 1.26E-16 2.04E+11 4.02E-21 8.19E-10

Ba-137m 8.08E-08 17.69 2.26E-06 5.43E-03 See Cs-137 See Cs-137 1.63E+01 2.88E-14 4.69E-13 2.04E+11 1.93E-17 3.93E-06

Eu-152 1.34E+01 15.73 2.01E-06 4.83E-03 2.70E-08 1.30E-10 1.45E+01 5.65E-14 8.19E-13 1.81E+11 3.75E-17 6.79E-06

Eu-154 8.50E+00 51.43 6.58E-06 1.58E-02 3.50E-08 5.53E-10 4.74E+01 6.14E-14 2.91E-12 5.92E+11 4.11E-17 2.44E-05

Np-237 2.14E+06 0.74 9.47E-08 2.27E-04 1.50E-05 3.41E-09 6.82E-01 1.03E-15 7.02E-16 8.52E+09 4.17E-19 3.55E-09

Pu-242 3.76E+05 1.11 1.42E-07 3.41E-04 3.10E-05 1.06E-08 1.02E+00 4.01E-18 4.10E-18 1.28E+10 6.85E-22 8.76E-12

Sr-90 2.86E+01 55.13 7.06E-06 1.69E-02 7.70E-08 1.30E-09 5.08E+01 7.53E-18 3.83E-16 6.35E+11 3.77E-21 2.39E-09

Y-90 7.30E-03 55.13 7.06E-06 1.69E-02 1.70E-09 2.88E-11 5.08E+01 1.90E-16 9.65E-15 6.35E+11 1.28E-19 8.13E-08

Tc-99 2.13E+05 50.32 6.44E-06 1.55E-02 3.20E-09 4.95E-11 4.64E+01 1.62E-18 7.51E-17 5.80E+11 6.72E-22 3.90E-10

H-3 1.23E+01 569.80 7.29E-05 1.75E-01 4.50E-11 7.88E-12 5.25E+02 3.31E-19 1.74E-16 6.56E+12 0.00E+00 0.00E+00

Po-210 3.79E-01 493 6.31E-05 c 2.20E-06 c 4.54E+02 4.16E-19 1.89E-16 5.68E+12 2.80E-22 1.59E-09

Total 5.47E-06 2.84E-11 2.43E-04

a. Based on an exposure duration of 2,000 hr/yr.

b. Uppermost 30 cm of soil layer [adapted from Lyons (2003)].

c. H-3, Pu-239, Pu-238, and Po-210 resuspension taken into account in derivation of effluent intakes.
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 01 Effective Date: 02/07/2013 Page 33 of 106

Table 4-18. Annual average ground layer external exposure, resuspension submersion external exposure, and resuspension submersion 

intake at Mound by radionuclide, 1950 through 1959. 

Nuclide

Half-life 

(yr)

Mean

soil

(Bq/kg)

Airborne

(Bq/m3)

Submersion 

intake

(Bq)a 

ICRP (1995) 

DCF (Sv/Bq)

Submersion 

intake dose 

(Sv)

External 

submersion

(Bq s/m3)

a 

Sv/(Bq s/m3) 

effective

DCF

Effective 

dose

(Sv)

Soil layerb

(Bq s/m3)

a 

Infinite 

thickness

DCF

Sv/(Bq s/m3)

Soil 

exposure 

dose 

(Sv/yr)

Ac-227 2.18E+01 12.58 1.61E-06 3.86E-03 6.30E-04 2.43E-06 1.16E+01 5.82E-18 6.75E-17 1.45E+11 2.65E-21 3.84E-10

Th-227 5.12E-02 12.58 1.61E-06 3.86E-03 7.60E-06 2.94E-08 1.16E+01 4.88E-15 5.66E-14 1.45E+11 2.79E-18 4.04E-07

Am-241d 4.32E+02 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Pu-238d -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Pu-239, 240d -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Pu-241d -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Co-60 5.27E+00 640.10 8.19E-05 1.97E-01 1.70E-08 3.34E-09 5.90E+02 1.26E-13 7.43E-11 7.37E+12 8.68E-17 6.40E-04

Pa-231 3.28E+04 42.18 5.40E-06 1.30E-02 8.90E-05 1.15E-06 3.89E+01 1.72E-15 6.69E-14 4.86E+11 1.02E-18 4.96E-07

Th-230 7.70E+04 110.26 1.41E-05 3.39E-02 2.80E-05 9.48E-07 1.02E+02 1.74E-17 1.77E-15 1.27E+12 6.47E-21 8.22E-09

Th-232 1.41E+10 51.06 6.54E-06 1.57E-02 2.90E-05 4.55E-07 4.71E+01 8.72E-18 4.10E-16 5.88E+11 2.79E-21 1.64E-09

Ac-228 6.99E-04 37.37 4.78E-06 1.15E-02 2.90E-08 3.33E-10 3.44E+01 4.78E-14 1.65E-12 4.31E+11 3.20E-17 1.38E-05

Ra-228 5.76E+00 37.37 4.78E-06 1.15E-02 1.70E-06 1.95E-08 3.44E+01 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 4.31E+11 0.00E+00 0.00E+00

Bi-207 3.22E+01 5.25 6.73E-07 1.61E-03 3.20E-09 5.16E-12 4.84E+00 7.54E-14 3.65E-13 6.05E+10 5.02E-17 3.04E-06

Bi-210 1.37E-02 2.96 3.79E-07 9.09E-04 6.00E-08 5.46E-11 2.73E+00 3.29E-17 8.97E-17 3.41E+10 1.93E-20 6.58E-10

Bi-210m 3.00E+06 2.96 3.79E-07 9.09E-04 2.10E-06 1.91E-09 2.73E+00 1.22E-14 3.33E-14 3.41E+10 7.37E-18 2.51E-07

Bi-214 3.78E-05 28.86 3.69E-06 8.87E-03 2.10E-08 1.86E-10 2.66E+01 7.65E-14 2.03E-12 3.32E+11 5.25E-17 1.75E-05

Ra-226 1.60E+03 48.10 6.16E-06 1.48E-02 2.20E-06 3.25E-08 4.43E+01 3.15E-16 1.40E-14 5.54E+11 1.70E-19 9.42E-08

Cs-137 3.02E+01 22.27 2.85E-06 6.84E-03 6.70E-09 4.58E-11 2.05E+01 7.74E-18 1.59E-16 2.57E+11 4.02E-21 1.03E-09

Ba-137m 8.08E-08 22.27 2.85E-06 6.84E-03 See Cs137See Cs-137 2.05E+01 2.88E-14 5.91E-13 2.57E+11 1.93E-17 4.95E-06

Eu-152 1.34E+01 26.38 3.38E-06 8.10E-03 2.70E-08 2.19E-10 2.43E+01 5.65E-14 1.37E-12 3.04E+11 3.75E-17 1.14E-05

Eu-154 8.50E+00 115.81 1.48E-05 3.56E-02 3.50E-08 1.25E-09 1.07E+02 6.14E-14 6.55E-12 1.33E+12 4.11E-17 5.48E-05

Np-237 2.14E+06 0.74 9.47E-08 2.27E-04 1.50E-05 3.41E-09 6.82E-01 1.03E-15 7.02E-16 8.52E+09 4.17E-19 3.55E-09

Pu-242d -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Sr-90 2.86E+01 70.30 9.00E-06 2.16E-02 7.70E-08 1.66E-09 6.48E+01 7.53E-18 4.88E-16 8.10E+11 3.77E-21 3.05E-09

Y-90 7.30E-03 70.30 9.00E-06 2.16E-02 1.70E-09 3.67E-11 6.48E+01 1.90E-16 1.23E-14 8.10E+11 1.28E-19 1.04E-07

Tc-99 2.13E+05 50.32 6.44E-06 1.55E-02 3.20E-09 4.95E-11 4.64E+01 1.62E-18 7.51E-17 5.80E+11 6.72E-22 3.90E-10

H-3 1.23E+01 1,002.70 1.28E-04 c 4.50E-11 c 9.24E+02 3.31E-19 3.06E-16 1.16E+13 0.00E+00 0.00E+00

Po-210 3.79E-01 126.17 1.61E-05 c 2.20E-06 c 1.16E+02 4.16E-19 4.84E-17 1.45E+12 2.80E-22 4.07E-10

5.09E-06 8.71E-11 7.47E-04

a. Based on an exposure duration of 2,000 hr/yr.

b. Uppermost 30 cm of soil layer [adapted from Lyons (2003)].

c. Po-210 resuspension taken into account in derivation of effluent intakes.

d. Plutonium and americium not environmental contaminants until 1960.
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 01 Effective Date: 02/07/2013 Page 34 of 106

Table 4-19. Annual average ground layer external exposure, resuspension submersion external exposure, and resuspension submersion 

intake at Mound by radionuclide, 1949. 

Nuclide

Half-life 

(yr)

Mean

soil

(Bq/kg)

Airborne

(Bq/m3)

Submersion 

intake

(Bq)a 

ICRP (1995) 

DCF (Sv/Bq)

Submersion 

intake dose 

(Sv)

External 

submersion

(Bq s/m3)

a 

Sv/(Bq s/m3) 

effective

DCF

Effective 

dose

(Sv)

Soil layerb

(Bq s/m3)

a 

Infinite 

thickness

DCF

Sv/(Bq s/m3)

Soil 

exposure 

dose 

(Sv/yr)

Ac-227 2.18E+01 12.58 1.61E-06 3.86E-03 6.30E-04 2.43E-06 1.16E+01 5.82E-18 6.75E-17 1.45E+11 2.65E-21 3.84E-10

Th-227 5.12E-02 12.58 1.61E-06 3.86E-03 7.60E-06 2.94E-08 1.16E+01 4.88E-15 5.66E-14 1.45E+11 2.79E-18 4.04E-07

Am-241d 4.32E+02 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Pu-238d -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Pu-239, 240d -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Pu-241d -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Co-60 5.27E+00 732.60 9.38E-05 2.25E-01 1.70E-08 3.83E-09 6.75E+02 1.26E-13 8.51E-11 8.44E+12 8.68E-17 7.33E-04

Pa-231 3.28E+04 42.18 5.40E-06 1.30E-02 8.90E-05 1.15E-06 3.89E+01 1.72E-15 6.69E-14 4.86E+11 1.02E-18 4.96E-07

Th-230 7.70E+04 110.26 1.41E-05 3.39E-02 2.80E-05 9.48E-07 1.02E+02 1.74E-17 1.77E-15 1.27E+12 6.47E-21 8.22E-09

Th-232 1.41E+10 51.06 6.54E-06 1.57E-02 2.90E-05 4.55E-07 4.71E+01 8.72E-18 4.10E-16 5.88E+11 2.79E-21 1.64E-09

Ac-228 6.99E-04 37.37 4.78E-06 1.15E-02 2.90E-08 3.33E-10 3.44E+01 4.78E-14 1.65E-12 4.31E+11 3.20E-17 1.38E-05

Ra-228 5.76E+00 37.37 4.78E-06 1.15E-02 1.70E-06 1.95E-08 3.44E+01 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 4.31E+11 0.00E+00 0.00E+00

Bi-207 3.22E+01 5.37 6.87E-07 1.65E-03 3.20E-09 5.27E-12 4.94E+00 7.54E-14 3.73E-13 6.18E+10 5.02E-17 3.10E-06

Bi-210 1.37E-02 2.96 3.79E-07 9.09E-04 6.00E-08 5.46E-11 2.73E+00 3.29E-17 8.97E-17 3.41E+10 1.93E-20 6.58E-10

Bi-210m 3.00E+06 2.96 3.79E-07 9.09E-04 2.10E-06 1.91E-09 2.73E+00 1.22E-14 3.33E-14 3.41E+10 7.37E-18 2.51E-07

Bi-214 3.78E-05 28.86 3.69E-06 8.87E-03 2.10E-08 1.86E-10 2.66E+01 7.65E-14 2.03E-12 3.32E+11 5.25E-17 1.75E-05

Ra-226 1.60E+03 48.10 6.16E-06 1.48E-02 2.20E-06 3.25E-08 4.43E+01 3.15E-16 1.40E-14 5.54E+11 1.70E-19 9.42E-08

Cs-137 3.02E+01 22.79 2.92E-06 7.00E-03 6.70E-09 4.69E-11 2.10E+01 7.74E-18 1.63E-16 2.63E+11 4.02E-21 1.06E-09

Ba-137m 8.08E-08 22.79 2.92E-06 7.00E-03 See Cs-137 See Cs-137 2.10E+01 2.88E-14 6.05E-13 2.63E+11 1.93E-17 5.07E-06

Eu-152 1.34E+01 27.75 3.55E-06 8.52E-03 2.70E-08 2.30E-10 2.56E+01 5.65E-14 1.44E-12 3.20E+11 3.75E-17 1.20E-05

Eu-154 8.50E+00 125.80 1.61E-05 3.86E-02 3.50E-08 1.35E-09 1.16E+02 6.14E-14 7.12E-12 1.45E+12 4.11E-17 5.96E-05

Np-237 2.14E+06 0.74 9.47E-08 2.27E-04 1.50E-05 3.41E-09 6.82E-01 1.03E-15 7.02E-16 8.52E+09 4.17E-19 3.55E-09

Pu-242d -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Sr-90 2.86E+01 71.78 9.19E-06 2.21E-02 7.70E-08 1.70E-09 6.62E+01 7.53E-18 4.98E-16 8.27E+11 3.77E-21 3.12E-09

Y-90 7.30E-03 71.78 9.19E-06 2.21E-02 1.70E-09 3.75E-11 6.62E+01 1.90E-16 1.26E-14 8.27E+11 1.28E-19 1.06E-07

Tc-99 2.13E+05 50.32 6.44E-06 1.55E-02 3.20E-09 4.95E-11 4.64E+01 1.62E-18 7.51E-17 5.80E+11 6.72E-22 3.90E-10

H-3 1.23E+01 1,058.20 1.35E-04 c 4.50E-11 c 9.75E+02 3.31E-19 3.23E-16 1.22E+13 0.00E+00 0.00E+00

Po-210 3.79E-01 48,396.00 6.19E-03 c 2.20E-06 c 4.46E+04 4.16E-19 1.86E-14 5.58E+14 2.80E-22 1.56E-07

5.09E-06 9.85E-11 8.45E-04

a. Based on an exposure duration of 2,000 hr/yr.

b. Uppermost 30 cm of soil layer [adapted from Lyons (2003)].

c. H-3 and Po-210 resuspension taken into account in derivation of effluent intakes.

d. Plutonium and americium not environmental contaminants until 1960.
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 01 Effective Date: 02/07/2013 Page 35 of 106

4.2.6 Direct External Exposure from Facilities

No environmental measurements of direct gamma radiation were documented for the Mound facilities. 

Direct external ambient dose could have resulted from gamma radiation originating in the operational 

buildings at Mound or from the storage of waste material or of irradiated bismuth slugs in facility 

buildings or onsite structures. The following discussion supports the conclusion that it is unlikely that 

gamma radiation from within the operational buildings of Mound contributed to the ambient 

environmental dose.

Table 4-20. Mean and maximum environmental external radiation levels (Sv) at Mound by year. 

Year

Mound mean

site-wide

SM/PP Hill

area maximum Year

Mound mean

site-wide

SM/PP Hill

area maximum 

2003 -- -- 2003 -- --

2002 4.27E-05 2.81E-04 1975 7.14E-05 4.70E-04

2001 4.27E-05 2.81E-04 1974 9.87E-05 6.50E-04

2000 4.27E-05 2.81E-04 1973 9.87E-05 6.50E-04

1999 4.27E-05 2.81E-04 1972 9.87E-05 6.50E-04

1998 4.27E-05 2.81E-04 1971 9.87E-05 6.50E-04

1997 4.27E-05 2.81E-04 1970 9.87E-05 6.50E-04

1996 4.27E-05 2.81E-04 1969 1.49E-04 9.81E-04

1995 4.27E-05 2.81E-04 1968 1.49E-04 9.81E-04

1994 4.27E-05 2.81E-04 1967 1.49E-04 9.81E-04

1993 4.27E-05 2.81E-04 1966 1.49E-04 9.81E-04

1992 4.27E-05 2.81E-04 1965 1.49E-04 9.81E-04

1991 4.27E-05 2.81E-04 1964 2.42E-04 1.59E-03

1990 4.27E-05 2.81E-04 1963 2.42E-04 1.59E-03

1989 4.77E-05 3.14E-04 1962 2.42E-04 1.59E-03

1988 4.77E-05 3.14E-04 1961 2.42E-04 1.59E-03

1987 4.77E-05 3.14E-04 1960 2.42E-04 1.59E-03

1986 4.77E-05 3.14E-04 1959 4.17E-04 2.74E-03

1985 4.77E-05 3.14E-04 1958 4.17E-04 2.74E-03

1984 5.62E-05 3.70E-04 1957 4.17E-04 2.74E-03

1983 5.62E-05 3.70E-04 1956 4.17E-04 2.74E-03

1982 5.62E-05 3.70E-04 1955 4.17E-04 2.74E-03

1981 5.62E-05 3.70E-04 1954 7.47E-04 4.92E-03

1980 5.62E-05 3.70E-04 1953 7.47E-04 4.92E-03

1979 7.14E-05 4.70E-04 1952 7.47E-04 4.92E-03

1978 7.14E-05 4.70E-04 1951 7.47E-04 4.92E-03

1977 7.14E-05 4.70E-04 1950 7.47E-04 4.92E-03

1976 7.14E-05 4.70E-04 1949 8.45E-04 5.56E-03

Waste transport vehicles were used at Mound beginning in the 1950s for transporting casks of 

polonium from their unloading area along the railroad siding to the T Building. The irradiated canned 

bismuth slugs received from the Hanford Site were removed from casks and stored in a pool of water 

on the second floor of T Building, where the separation of 210Po from bismuth took place (DOE 

1993a).

Drummed radioactive wastes generated at Mound were typically staged in operating areas and 

moved by health physics personnel to storage warehouses before shipment. In the 1940s and 1950s 

the “old explosives bunkers” were used to store waste with high gamma radiation levels to avoid 

worker exposures. The isolated location of the bunkers allowed these wastes to be stored away from 

the occupied areas of the site. Modern facilities replaced the old warehouses on site in the 1960s and 

1970s (DOE 1993a).
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 01 Effective Date: 02/07/2013 Page 36 of 106

The most likely source of environmental exposure from gamma sources originating in Mound facilities 

would be associated with the 226Ra227Ac program that separated 227Ac from neutron-irradiated 226Ra 

target material. The radium-actinium technology developed at Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) 

was transferred to Mound in early 1950. The General Purpose (GP) Building, later known as the SW 

Building, was constructed with a shielded process facility on the east side referred to as the old cave. 

The cave design was duplicated from the one used at ANL.

By March 1952, three radium-actinium separation runs had been completed in the cave. The first run 

contained 0.6 g of radium yielding 135 mCi of 227Ac. The second and third runs contained 5 g each 

and yielded 2.59 and 2.36 Ci of 227Ac, respectively. Gamma surveys conducted during the runs 

indicated exposure rate levels varying from less than 1 mR/hr in the operational area adjacent to the 

cave to 7 R/hr inside the cave (Bradley 1952c). Based on the survey results, it is unlikely that gamma 

radiation from within the SW Building cave contributed to the ambient environmental dose. 

No detailed description of the administrative practices involving environmental exposure is available 

for the early operating years at Mound. Nevertheless, several 1951 Monthly Health Physics Reports 

state that when routine beta and gamma surveys in operational areas detected radiation levels 

greater than 7.5 mR/hr, the area was either shielded or roped off (Bradley 1951f to 1951j). As a 

consequence, it is unlikely that gamma radiation from within the operational buildings at Mound 

contributed to the ambient environmental dose.

4.3 UNCERTAINTIES

Estimates of the median environmental intakes at the Mound Laboratory are presented in Section 

4.2.3.2 and in Table 4-9. These estimates were made by assuming that the intakes are lognormally 

distributed and that the median intakes represent the 50th-percentile intake rate. For Mound, the 

calculated site-wide annual maximum intakes in Table 4-11 are assumed to represent the upper 95thpercentile intake. The resulting GSDs are listed in Table 4-12.

For Mound, the calculated mean ambient dose in Table 4-20 is assumed to represent the 50thpercentile dose. The maximum ambient dose associated with the SM/PP Hill area is assumed to 

represent the upper 95th-percentile ambient dose, resulting in an annual GSD of 3.12.

Effluent release rate data from Mound was unavailable for some operational periods. As a 

consequence, extrapolations were necessary to estimate intakes for years in which no onsite air 

monitoring data were available. Effluent intake data for 210Po from 1954 through 1966 were based on 

an assumption that the annual increase in the effluent release rate (source term) was 20% greater 

than the earliest year for which monitoring data were published (i.e., 20 μCi/d from 1949 through 

1953). Beginning in 1967 through 1970, the 210Po data are based on reported 238Pu effluent source 

terms (scaled to infer 210Po based on the ratio of 210Po to 238Pu on air filter samples). Similarly, annual 

tritium oxide intakes from 1954 through 1958 were backwards extrapolated from the 1959 source term 

(the first year for which such data were published – 31,527 Ci/yr) using an annual assumed reduction 

factor of 10%. These assumptions are believed to be a reasonable depiction of the trend in facility 

operations during the extrapolated timeframes, and the total activity released in effluent compares 

favorably to the inventory of released radionuclides reported by Mound and listed in Table 4-21.

At the time of this revision, no additional data were available to estimate environmental external or 

internal doses after 2002. The doses and intakes estimated for 2002 can be assigned for energy 

employees from 2003 to 2010 as an assumption that is favorable to claimants. This assumption is 

favorable to the claimant because the amount of non-natural radioactivity at the Mound Site 

decreased during this period. Because remediation activities were completed in 2010, no 

occupational environmental dose should be assigned after that year. 
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 01 Effective Date: 02/07/2013 Page 37 of 106

Table 4-21. Radionuclide releases to the atmosphere (Ci) from Mound, 1949 to 1973. 

Radionuclide Release reported by Mounda Release used in this analysis

Pu-238, -239 3.60E-01 ±50% 3.60E-01

Po-210 4.9E-01 ±50% 6.0E-01

H-3 2.85E+06 ±25% 2.98E+06

Ac-227 (purified) 5.3E-06 ±100% 5.3E-06

Ra-226, Ac-227, Th-228, 

and their associated progeny

1.6E-01 ±200% 1.6E-01

a. Storey (1973).

4.4 ATTRIBUTIONS AND ANNOTATIONS

All information requiring identification was addressed via references integrated into the reference 

section of this document.
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 01 Effective Date: 02/07/2013 Page 38 of 106

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GLOSSARY

alpha radiation

Positively charged particle emitted from the nuclei of some radioactive elements. An alpha 

particle consists of two neutrons and two protons (a helium nucleus) and has an electrostatic 

charge of +2.

beta radiation

Charged particle emitted from some radioactive elements with a mass equal to 1/1,837 that of 

a proton. A negatively charged beta particle is identical to an electron. A positively charged 

beta particle is a positron.

curie (Ci)

Traditional unit of radioactivity equal to 37 billion (3.7 × 1010) becquerels, which is 

approximately equal to the activity of 1 gram of pure 226Ra.

decay

(1) Disintegration of atomic nuclei from spontaneous radioactivity including alpha, beta, and 

neutron radiation, often accompanied by gamma radiation. (2) Decrease in the amount of 

radioactive material over time due. See half-life.

dose

In general, the specific amount of energy from ionizing radiation that is absorbed per unit of 

mass. Effective and equivalent doses are in units of rem or sievert; other types of dose are in 

units of roentgens, rads, reps, or grays.

dose equivalent

In units of rem or sievert, product of absorbed dose in tissue multiplied by a weighting factor 

and sometimes by other modifying factors to account for the potential for a biological effect 

from the absorbed dose. See dose.

dose conversion factor (DCF)

Multiplier for conversion of potential dose to the personal dose equivalent to the organ of 

interest (e.g., liver or colon).

dosimetry

Measurement and calculation of internal and external radiation doses.

exposure

(1) In general, the act of being exposed to ionizing radiation. (2) Measure of the ionization 

produced by X- and gamma-ray photons in air in units of roentgens.

external dose

Dose received from radiation emitted by sources outside the body.

gamma radiation

Electromagnetic radiation (photons) of short wavelength and high energy (10 kiloelectron-volts 

to 9 megaelectron-volts) that originates in atomic nuclei and accompanies many nuclear 

reactions (e.g., fission, radioactive decay, and neutron capture). Gamma photons are identical 

to X-ray photons of high energy; the difference is that X-rays do not originate in the nucleus.
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 01 Effective Date: 02/07/2013 Page 52 of 106

half-life

Time in which half of a given quantity of a particular radionuclide disintegrates (decays) into 

another nuclear form. During one half-life, the number of atoms of a particular radionuclide 

decreases by one half. Each radionuclide has a unique half-life ranging from millionths of a 

second to billions of years.

ionizing radiation

Radiation of high enough energy to remove an electron from a struck atom and leave behind a 

positively charged ion. High enough doses of ionizing radiation can cause cellular damage. 

Ionizing particles include alpha particles, beta particles, gamma rays, X-rays, neutrons, 

high-speed electrons, high-speed protons, photoelectrons, Compton electrons, 

positron/negatron pairs from photon radiation, and scattered nuclei from fast neutrons. See 

alpha radiation, beta radiation, gamma radiation, neutron radiation, photon radiation, and X-ray 

radiation.

neutron radiation

Radiation that consists of free neutrons unattached to other subatomic particles emitted from a 

decaying radionuclide. Neutron radiation can cause further fission in fissionable material such

as the chain reactions in nuclear reactors, and nonradioactive nuclides can become 

radioactive by absorbing free neutrons.

nuclide

Stable or unstable isotope of any element. Nuclide relates to the atomic mass, which is the 

sum of the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom. A radionuclide is an 

unstable nuclide.

occupational environmental dose

Dose received while on the grounds of a site but not inside a building or other facility.

parent

Radionuclide that decays to form a progeny radionuclide. See progeny and decay.

photon

Quantum of electromagnetic energy generally regarded as a discrete particle having zero rest 

mass, no electric charge, and an indefinitely long lifetime. The entire range of electromagnetic 

radiation that extends in frequency from 1023 cycles per second (hertz) to 0 hertz.

progeny

Nuclides that result from decay of other nuclides. Also called decay products and formerly 

called daughter products. See parent.

radiation

Subatomic particles and electromagnetic rays (photons) with kinetic energy that interact with 

matter through various mechanisms that involve energy transfer. See ionizing radiation.

radioisotopic thermoelectric generator (RTG)

Generator that obtains its power from passive (natural) radioactive decay using thermocouples 

to convert the heat of decay into electricity.

radioactive

Of, caused by, or exhibiting radioactivity.
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 01 Effective Date: 02/07/2013 Page 53 of 106

radioactivity

Property possessed by some elements (e.g., uranium) or isotopes (e.g., 14C) of spontaneously 

emitting energetic particles (electrons or alpha particles) by the disintegration of their atomic 

nuclei. See radionuclide.

radionuclide

Radioactive nuclide. See radioactive and nuclide.

rem

Traditional unit of radiation dose equivalent that indicates the biological damage caused by 

radiation equivalent to that caused by 1 rad of high-penetration X-rays multiplied by a quality 

factor. The sievert is the International System unit; 1 rem equals 0.01 sievert. The word 

derives from roentgen equivalent in man; rem is also the plural.

roentgen (R)

Unit of photon (gamma or X-ray) exposure for which the resultant ionization liberates a positive 

or negative charge equal to 2.58 × 10-4 coulombs per kilogram (or 1 electrostatic unit of 

electricity per cubic centimeter) of dry air at 0°C and standard atmospheric pressure. An 

exposure of 1 R is approximately equivalent to an absorbed dose of 1 rad in soft tissue for 

higher energy photons (generally greater than 100 kiloelectron-volts).

shielding

Material or obstruction that absorbs ionizing radiation and tends to protect personnel or 

materials from its effects.

Special Nuclear Material

Plutonium or uranium enriched to a higher-than-natural assay including 239Pu, 233U, uranium 

containing more than the natural abundance of 235U, or any material artificially enriched in one 

of these isotopes.

X-ray radiation

Electromagnetic radiation (photons) produced by bombardment of atoms by accelerated 

particles. Once formed, there is no difference between X-rays and gamma rays, but gamma 

photons originate inside the nucleus of an atom.
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 01 Effective Date: 02/07/2013 Page 54 of 106

ATTACHMENT A

DOSE COEFFICIENTS

Table A-1. Dose coefficients for contaminated soil to an infinite depth [Sv/(Bq s/m3

)].a

Isotope Gonad Breast Lung R marrow

Bone 

surface Thyroid Remainder

Effective 

dose 

equivalent Skin

Ac-227 2.76E-21 2.88E-21 2.43E-21 2.22E-21 7.20E-21 2.27E-21 2.29E-21 2.65E-21 3.22E-21

Am-241 2.53E-19 2.74E-19 2.01E-19 1.57E-19 8.43E-19 1.94E-19 1.86E-19 1.34E-19 3.10E-19

Ce-141 1.77E-18 1.84E-18 1.58E-18 1.47E-18 4.34E-18 1.47E-18 1.49E-18 7.93E-18 1.94E-18

Cs-137 4.27E-21 4.50E-21 3.61E-21 3.25E-21 1.09E-20 3.43E-21 3.41E-21 4.02E-21 9.34E-20

Co-60 9.08E-17 9.22E-17 8.36E-17 8.39E-17 1.18E-16 7.82E-17 8.51E-17 8.68E-17 9.94E-17

Pu-238 1.26E-21 1.6E-21 2.99E-22 3.32E-22 1.57E-21 4.04E-22 4.00E-22 8.10E-22 5.09E-21

Pu-239/240 1.82E-21 1.99E-21 1.31E-21 1.25E-21 3.40E-21 1.27E-21 1.28E-21 1.58E-21 4.87E-21

Pu-241 3.28E-23 3.42E-23 2.89E-23 2.60E-23 9.16E-23 2.70E-23 2.70E-23 3.16E-23 3.78E-23

Pa-231 1.08E-18 1.11E-18 9.52E-19 9.26E-19 1.96E-18 8.90E-19 9.13E-19 1.02E-18 1.20E-18

Sr-90 4.02E-21 4.25E-21 3.37E-21 3.00E-21 1.06E-20 3.21E-21 3.17E-21 3.77E-21 1.50E-20

Th-230 6.88E-21 7.38E-21 5.72E-21 5.03E-21 1.91E-20 5.41E-21 5.39E-21 6.47E-21 9.79E-21

Th-232 3.07E-21 3.38E-21 2.36E-21 2.04E-21 8.51E-21 2.26E-21 2.24E-21 2.79E-21 5.55E-21

Th-234 1.34E-19 1.41E-19 1.17E-19 1.01E-19 4.17E-19 1.10E-19 1.09E-19 1.29E-19 1.50E-19

U-234 2.53E-21 2.89E-21 1.64E-21 1.47E-21 5.96E-21 1.62E-21 1.61E-21 2.15E-21 5.99E-21

U-235 4.00E-18 4.16E-18 3.59E-18 3.40E-18 9.04E-18 3.35E-18 3.41E-18 3.86E-18 4.40E-18

U-238 8.19E-22 1.06E-21 2.34E-22 2.18E-22 1.32E-21 2.19E-22 2.86E-22 5.52E-22 3.55E-21

Ac-228 3.36E-17 3.43E-17 3.07E-17 3.06E-17 4.70E-17 2.86E-17 2.96E-17 3.20E-17 3.87E-17

Bi-207 5.27E-17 5.38E-17 4.80E-17 4.77E-17 7.44E-17 4.47E-17 4.64e-17 5.02E-17 5.87e-17

Bi-210 2.03E-20 2.12E-20 1.77E-20 1.64E-20 4.71E-20 1.66E-20 1.67E-20 1.93E-20 1.20E-20

Bi-210m 7.72E-18 7.99E-18 6.91E-18 6.72E-18 1.42E-17 6.45E-18 6.62E-18 7.37E-18 8.48E-18

Bi-214 5.52E-17 5.57E-17 5.05E-17 5.07E-17 7.24E-17 4.75E-17 4.89E-17 5.25E-17 6.51E-17

Ra-226 1.76E-19 1.83E-19 1.58E-19 1.50E-19 3.93E-19 1.47E-19 1.50E-19 1.70E-19 1.94E-19

Eu-152 3.36E-17 3.43E-17 3.10E-17 3.09E-17 4.73E-17 2.90E-17 2.99E-17 3.22E-17 3.69e-17

Eu-154 3.66E-17 3.74E-17 3.39E-17 3.36E-17 5.08E-17 3.18E-17 3.27E-17 3.52E-17 4.10E-17

Np-237 4.37E-19 4.59E-19 3.78E-19 3.34E-19 1.25E-18 3.55E-19 3.53E-19 4.17E-19 5.03E-19

Pu-242 1.04E-21 1.23E-21 2.75E-22 2.93E-22 1.41E-21 3.57E-22 3.52E-22 6.85E-22 4.08E-21

Tc-99 7.35E-22 7.90E-22 5.71E-22 4.83E-22 2.10E-21 5.56E-22 5.39E-22 6.70E-22 9.06E-22

Po-210 2.94E-22 3.01E-22 2.68E-22 2.67E-22 4.10e-22 2.49E-22 2.59E-22 2.80E-22 3.25E-22

Table A-2. Dose coefficients for air submersion [Sv/(Bq s/m3)].a

Isotope Gonad Breast Lung R marrow

Bone 

surface Thyroid Remainder

Effective 

dose 

equivalent Skin

Pu-238 6.56E-18 1.27E-17 1.06E-18 1.68E-18 9.30E-18 4.01E-18 1.99E-18 4.88E-18 4.09E-17

Pu-239/240 6.36E-18 1.23E-17 2.65E-18 2.67E-18 9.47E-18 3.92E-18 2.86E-18 4.75E-18 3.92E-17

Th-228 9.12E-17 1.09E-16 8.33E-17 7.32E-17 2.64E-16 8.88E-17 7.84E-17 9.20E-17 1.50E-16

Th-230 1.80E-17 2.38E-17 1.43E-17 1.22E-17 5.29E-17 1.63E-17 1.37E-17 1.74E-17 4.51E-17

Th-232 9.34E-18 1.36E-17 6.37E-18 5.52E-18 2.60E-17 7.90E-18 6.34E-18 8.72E-18 3.44E-17

Ac-227 5.78E-18 6.98E-18 5.22E-18 4.59E-18 1.68E-17 5.60E-18 4.92E-18 5.82E-18 1.10E-17

Ac-228 4.67E-14 5.30E-14 4.66E-14 4.56E-14 7.39E-14 4.79E-14 4.48E-14 4.78E-14 7.88E-14

Am-241 8.58E-16 1.07E-15 6.74E-16 5.21E-16 2.87E-15 7.83E-16 6.34E-16 8.18E-16 1.28E-15

Co-60 1.23E-13 1.39E-13 1.24E-13 1.23E-13 1.78E-13 1.27E-13 1.20E-13 1.26E-13 1.45E-13

Pa-231 1.71E-15 1.99E-15 1.62E-15 1.52E-15 3.64E-15 1.70E-15 1.54E-15 1.72E-15 2.44E-15

Bi-207 7.34E-14 8.38E-14 7.35E-14 7.17E-14 1.19E-13 7.55E-14 7.04E-14 7.54E-14 9.31E-14

Bi-210 3.32E-17 3.95E-17 2.95E-17 2.60E-17 8.98E-17 3.22E-17 2.79E-17 3.29E-17 2.30E-14

Cs-137 7.96E-18 9.67E-18 6.68E-18 5.70E-18 2.29E-17 7.55E-18 6.34E-18 7.74E-18 8.63E-15

Bi-210m 1.20E-14 1.37E-14 1.17E-14 1.10E-14 2.59E-14 1.21E-14 1.11E-14 1.22E-14 1.63E-14

Bi-214 7.44E-14 8.42E-14 7.51E-14 7.43E-14 1.09E-13 7.67E-14 7.26E-14 7.65E-14 1.28E-13

Np-237 1.04E-15 1.26E-15 9.02E-16 7.69E-16 3.20E-15 9.94E-16 8.50E-16 1.03E-15 1.54E-15

Eu-152 5.53E-14 6.29E-14 5.50E-14 5.37E-14 8.89E-14 5.66E-14 5.28E-14 5.65E-14 6.90E-14

Eu-154 6.00E-14 6.81E-14 5.99E-14 5.87E-14 9.43E-14 6.15E-14 5.75E-14 6.14E-14 8.29E-14

Pu-242 5.34E-18 1.03E-17 9.69E-19 1.43E-18 7.90E-18 3.32E-18 1.68E-18 4.01E-18 3.27E-17

Sr-90

Tc-99 1.74E-18 2.20E-18 1.29E-18 1.05E-18 5.17E-18 1.57E-18 1.24E-18 1.62E-18 2.74E-15

Po-210 4.08E-19 4.63E-19 4.06E-19 3.97e-19 6.39E-19 4.18E-19 3.89E-19 4.16E-19 4.18E-19

a. Eckerman and Ryman (1993).
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 01 Effective Date: 02/07/2013 Page 55 of 106

Table B-1. Mound offsite air-sampling data for 1948 to 1959.

Reference Description of data

Maximum

(cpm/cm3) (dpm/cm3)

a (μCi/cm3

)

1948

Bradley 1948a Missing pages - No offsite air sample data available for September. -- -- --

Bradley 1948b 67 offsite samples were collected during October:

62.7% of results were 0 cpm/m3

26.9% of results were 1-10 cpm/m3

6.0% of results were 11 to 20 cpm/m3

4.4% of results were 21 to 40 cpm/m3

0% of results were > 41 cpm/m3

4.1E-05 2.05E-04 9.23E-11

Bradley 1948c Missing pages - No offsite air sample data available for November. -- -- --

Bradley 1949a 68 offsite samples were collected during December:

54.4% of the results were 0 cpm/m3

33.8% of the results were 1-10 cpm/m3

5.9% of the results were 11 to 20 cpm/m3

4.5% of the results were 21 to 40 cpm/m3

0% of the results were 41 to 80 cpm/m3

31.4% of the results were > 80 cpm/m3

8.0E-05 4.00E-04 1.80E-10

1949

Bradley 1949b Missing pages - No offsite air sample data available -- -- --

Bradley 1949c 66 offsite samples were collected during February:

94.8% of the results were 1-10 cpm/m3

2.6% of the results were 11 to cpm/m3

1.3% of the results were 21 to cpm/m3

0% of the results were 41-80 cpm/m3

1.3% of the results were > 80 cpm/m3

8.0E-05 4.00E-04 1.80E-10

Bradley 1949d 49 offsite samples were collected during March:

47.3% of the results were 0 cpm/m3

34.0% of the results were 1-10 cpm/m3

17.0% of the results were 11 to 20 cpm/m3

0% of the results were 21 to 40 cpm/m3

1.7% of the results were 41-80 cpm/m3

0% of the results were > 80 cpm/m3

8.0E-05 4.00E-04 1.80E-10

Bradley 1949e 106 offsite samples were collected during April:

40.6% of the results were 0 cpm/m3

56.6% of the results were 1-10 cpm/m3

2.8% of the results were 11 to 20 cpm/m3

0% of the results were > 20 cpm/m3. 

2.0E-05 1.00E-04 4.50E-11

Bradley 1949f 62 offsite samples were collected during May:

83.9% of the results were 0 cpm/m3

14.5% of the results were 1-10 cpm/m3

0% of the results were 11 to 20 cpm/m3

0% of the results were 21 to 40 cpm/m3

1.6% of the results were 41 to 80 cpm/m3

0% of the results were > 80 cpm/m3

8.0E-5 4.0E-4 1.8E-10

Bradley 1949g June offsite air sample data pages missing. -- -- --

Bradley 1949h 61 offsite samples were collected during July:

63.9% of the results were 0 cpm/m3

34.4% of the results were 1-10 cpm/m3

1.7% of the results were 11 to 20 cpm/m3

0% of the results were > 20 cpm/m3

2.0E-5 9.0E-12 4.5E-11

Bradley 1949i 64 offsite samples were collected during August:

67.2% of the results were 0 cpm/m3

34.4% of the results were 1-10 cpm/m3

1.5% of the results were 11 to 20 cpm/m3

0% of the results were > 20 cpm/m3

2.0E-5 9.0E-12 4.5E-11

Bradley 1949j 16 offsite samples were collected during September: 1.25% of the 

results were 0 cpm/m3

56.25% of the results were 1-10 cpm/m3

6.25% of the results were 11 to 20 cpm/m3

6.25% of the results were 21 to 40 cpm/m3

0% of the results were > 40 cpm/m3

4.0E-05 2.00E-04 9.01E-11

ATTACHMENT B

MOUND OFFSITE ENVIRONMENTAL AIR-SAMPLING DATA FOR 1948 TO SEPTEMBER 1959

Page 1 of 6
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 01 Effective Date: 02/07/2013 Page 56 of 106

Reference Description of data Maximum

Bradley 1949k 62 offsite samples were collected downwind from Mound Laboratory 

in October:

37.1% of the results were 0 dpm/m3

62.9% of the results were 1 to 20 dpm/m3

0% of the results were > 20 dpm/m3

-- 2.00E-05 9.01E-12

Bradley 1949l 61 offsite samples were collected downwind from Mound Laboratory 

in November:

55.7% of the results were 0 dpm/m3

44.3% of the results were 1 to 20 dpm/m3

0% of the results were > 20 dpm/m3

-- 2.00E-05 9.01E-12

Bradley 1950a 53 offsite samples were collected downwind from Mound Laboratory 

December:

17.0% of the results were 0 dpm/m3

83.0% of the results were 1 to 20 dpm/m3

0% of the results were > 20 dpm/m3. 

-- 2.00E-05 9.01E-12

1950

Bradley 1950b 75 offsite samples were collected during January:

57.3% of the results were 0 dpm/m3

42.6% of the results were 1-10 dpm/m3

0% of the results were > 20 dpm/m3

-- 2.00E-05 9.01E-12

Bradley 1950c 74 offsite samples were collected during February:

52.7% of the results were 0 dpm/m3

47.3% of the results were 1-10 dpm/m3

0% of the results were > 20 dpm/m3

-- 2.00E-05 9.01E-12

Bradley 1950d 85 offsite samples were collected during March:

63.5% of the results were 0 dpm/m3

36.5% of the results were 1-20 dpm/m3

0% of the results were > 20 dpm/m3

-- 2.00E-05 9.01E-12

Bradley 1950e 90 offsite samples were collected during April:

61.1% of the results were 0 dpm/m3

38.9% of the results were 1-20 dpm/m3

0% of the results were > 20 dpm/m3

-- 2.00E-05 9.01E-12

Bradley 1950f 75 offsite samples were collected during May:

70.4% of the results were 0 dpm/m3

29.6% of the results were 1-20 dpm/m3

0% of the results were > 20 dpm/m3

-- 2.00E-05 9.01E-12

Bradley 1950g 74 offsite samples were collected during June:

55.4% of the results were 0 dpm/m3

44.6% of the results were 1-20 dpm/m3

0% of the results were > 20 dpm/m3

-- 2.00E-05 9.01E-12

Bradley 1950h 89 offsite samples were collected during July:

61.8% of the results were 0 dpm/m3

38.2% of the results were 1-20 dpm/m3

0% of the results were > 20 dpm/m3

-- 2.00E-05 9.01E-12

Bradley 1950i 69 offsite samples were collected during August:

62.3% of the results were 0 dpm/m3

37.3% of the results were 1-20 dpm/m3

0% of the results were > 20 dpm/m3

-- 2.00E-05 9.01E-12

Bradley 1950j 84 offsite samples were collected during September:

45.2% of the results were 0 dpm/m3

54.8% of the results were 1-20 dpm/m3

0% of the results were > 20 dpm/m3

-- 2.00E-05 9.01E-12

Bradley 1950k 74 offsite samples were collected during October:

59.5% of the results were 0 dpm/m3

40.5% of the results were 1-20 dpm/m3

0% of the results were > 20 dpm/m3

-- 2.00E-05 9.01E-12

Bradley 1950l 78 offsite samples were collected during November:

83.3% of the results were 0 dpm/m3

16.7% of the results were 1-20 dpm/m3

0% of the results were > 20 dpm/m3

-- 2.00E-05 9.01E-12

Bradley 1951a 27 offsite samples were collected during December:

63% of the results were 0 dpm/m3

37% of the results were 1-20 dpm/m3

0% of the results were > 20 dpm/m3

-- 2.00E-05 9.01E-12

ATTACHMENT B

MOUND OFFSITE ENVIRONMENTAL AIR-SAMPLING DATA FOR 1948 TO SEPTEMBER 1959

Page 2 of 6
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 01 Effective Date: 02/07/2013 Page 57 of 106

Reference Description of data Maximum

1951

Bradley 1951b 85 offsite samples were collected during January:

83.6% of the results were 0 dpm/m3

16.4% of the results were 1-20 dpm/m3

0% of the results were > 20 dpm/m3

-- 2.00E-05 9.01E-12

Bradley 1951c 85 offsite samples were collected during February:

78.8% of the results were 0 dpm/m3

21.2% of the results were 1-20 dpm/m3

0% of the results were > 20 dpm/m3

-- 2.00E-05 9.01E-12

Bradley 1951d 73 offsite samples were collected during March:

71.2% of the results were 0 dpm/m3

28.8% of the results were 1-20 dpm/m3

0% of the results were > 20 dpm/m3

-- 2.00E-05 9.01E-12

Bradley 1951e 78 offsite samples were collected during April:

78.2% of the results were 0 dpm/m3

21.8% of the results were 1-20 dpm/m3

0% of the results were > 20 dpm/m3

-- 2.00E-05 9.01E-12

Bradley 1951f May offsite air sample data pages missing. -- -- --

Bradley 1951g 71 offsite samples were collected during June:

66.2% of the results were 0 dpm/m3

33.8% of the results were 1-20 dpm/m3

0% of the results were > 20 dpm/m3

-- 2.00E-05 9.01E-12

Bradley 1951h 55 offsite samples were collected during July:

61.8% of the results were 0 dpm/m3

38.2% of the results were 1-20 dpm/m3

0% of the results were > 20 dpm/m3

-- 2.00E-05 9.01E-12

Bradley 1951i 85 offsite samples were collected during August:

95.3% of the results were 0 dpm/m3

4.7% of the results were 1-20 dpm/m3

0% of the results were > 20 dpm/m3

-- 2.00E-05 9.01E-12

Bradley 1951j 42 offsite samples were collected during September:

0% of the results were > 10 dpm/m3

-- 1.00E-05 4.50E-12

Bradley 1951k 94 offsite samples were collected during October:

93 of the results were 0 dpm/m3

1 result was 6 dpm/m3

-- 6.00E-06 2.70E-12

Bradley 1951l 57 offsite samples were collected during November:

55 of the results were 0 dpm/m3

2 results were between 1 and 10 dpm/m3

-- 1.00E-05 4.50E-12

Bradley 1952a 44 offsite samples were collected during November:

35 of the results were 0 dpm/m3

9 results were < 20 dpm/m3

-- 2.00E-05 9.01E-12

1952

Bradley 1952b 87 offsite samples were collected during January:

67 of the results were 0 dpm/m3

20 results were between 1 and 10 dpm/m3

-- -- --

Bradley 1952c 60 offsite samples were collected during February:

50 of the results were 0 dpm/m3

10 results were between 1 and 10 dpm/m3

-- 1.00E-05 4.50E-12

Bradley 1952d 71 offsite samples were collected during March:

47 of the results were 0 dpm/m3

14 results were less than 20 dpm/m3

-- 2.00E-05 9.01E-12

Bradley 1952e 78 offsite samples were collected during April:

43 of the results were 0 dpm/m3

35 results were less than 20 dpm/m3

-- 2.00E-05 9.01E-12

Bradley 1952f 33 offsite samples were collected during May:

24 of the results were 0 dpm/m3

9 results were less than 20 dpm/m3

-- 2.00E-05 9.01E-12

Bradley 1952g 86 offsite samples were collected during June:

51 of the results were 0 dpm/m3

35 results were less than 20 dpm/m3

-- 2.00E-05 9.01E-12

Bradley 1952h 83 offsite samples were collected during July:

41 of the results were 0 dpm/m3

41 results were between 1 and 20 dpm/m3

1 result was between 20 and 40 dpm/m3

-- 4.00E-05 1.80E-11

ATTACHMENT B

MOUND OFFSITE ENVIRONMENTAL AIR-SAMPLING DATA FOR 1948 TO SEPTEMBER 1959

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Reference Description of data Maximum

Bradley 1952i 41 offsite samples were collected during August:

20 of the results were 0 dpm/m3

21 results were between 1 and 20 dpm/m3

-- 2.00E-05 9.01E-12

Bradley 1952j 66 offsite samples were collected during September:

32 of the results were 0 dpm/m3

32 results were between 1 and 20 dpm/m3

2 results were between 21 and 40 dpm/m3

-- 4.00E-05 1.80E-11

Bradley 1952k 82 offsite samples were collected during October:

50 of the results were 0 dpm/m3

31 results were between 1 and 20 dpm/m3

1 result was between 21 and 40 dpm/m3

-- 4.00E-05 1.80E-11

Bradley 1952l 56 offsite samples were collected during November:

35 of the results were 0 dpm/m3 (“below background”)

21 results were between 1 and 20 dpm/m3

-- 2.00E-05 9.01E-12

Bradley 1953b 78 offsite samples were collected during December:

55 of the results were 0 dpm/m3

21 results were between 1 and 20 dpm/m3

2 results were between 21 and 40 dpm/m3

-- 4.00E-05 1.80E-11

1953

Bradley 1953c 65 offsite samples were collected during January:

Thirty-six of these samples gave no evidence of airborne 

contamination. Of the remaining 29, the highest yield was 

17.3 dpm/m3.

-- 1.73E-05 7.80E-12

Bradley 1953d 61 offsite samples were collected during February:

42 of the results were 0 dpm/m3

19 results were between 1 and 16 dpm/m3

-- 1.60E-05 7.20E-12

Bradley 1953e 73 offsite samples were collected during March:

71% of the results were 0 dpm/m3

The 2 highest results were 15 dpm/m3

-- 1.50E-05 6.80E-12

Bradley 1953f 29 offsite samples were collected during April:

65% of the results were 0 dpm/m3

The highest result was 11 dpm/m3

-- 1.10E-05 5.00E-12

Bradley 1953g 25 offsite samples were collected during May:

44% of the results were 0 dpm/m3

The highest result was 10 dpm/m3

-- 1.00E-05 4.50E-12

Bradley 1953h 9 offsite samples were collected during June:

55% of the results were 0 dpm/m3

The highest result was 16 dpm/m3

-- 1.60E-05 7.20E-12

Bradley 1953i 8 offsite samples were collected during July:

7 of the results were 0 dpm/m3

1 result was 3 dpm/m3

-- 3.00E-06 1.40E-12

Bradley 1953j Zero offsite samples were collected during August. -- -- --

Bradley 1953k 9 offsite samples were collected during September:

The highest result was 4 dpm/m3

-- 4.00E-06 1.80E-12

Bradley 1953l 17 offsite samples were collected during October:

The highest result was 14.4 dpm/m3

-- 1.40E-05 6.50-12

Bradley 1953m 18 offsite samples were collected during November:

The highest result was 10.6 dpm/m3

-- 1.06E-05 4.80E-12

Bradley 1954a 31 offsite samples were collected during December:

The highest result was 5.4 dpm/m3

-- 5.40E-06 2.40E-12

1954

Bradley 1954b Zero offsite samples were collected during January. -- -- --

Bradley 1954c 35 offsite samples were collected during February:

The highest result was 7 dpm/m3

-- 7.00E-06 3.20E-12

Bradley 1954d 31 offsite samples were collected during March:

16% of the results were 0 dpm/m3

The highest result was 3 dpm/m3

-- 3.00E-06 1.40E-12

Bradley 1954e Complete data for April, May, and June is missing. -- -- --

Bradley 1954f 47 samples were collected during July, August, and September:

19 of the results were 0 μCi/cm3

The maximum result was 1 × 10-12 μ Ci/cm3

-- -- 1.0E-12

ATTACHMENT B

MOUND OFFSITE ENVIRONMENTAL AIR-SAMPLING DATA FOR 1948 TO SEPTEMBER 1959

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Reference Description of data Maximum

1955

Meyer 1955a 84 samples were collected during October, November, and December

25 of the results were 0 μCi/cm3

The maximum result was 3.3 × 10-12 μCi/cm3

-- -- 3.3E-12

Meyer 1955b 79 samples were collected during January, February, and March:

32 of the results were 0 μCi/cm3

The maximum result was 2.7 × 10-13 μCi/cm3

-- -- 2.7 × 10-13

Meyer 1955c 79 samples were collected during April, May, and June:

59 of the results were 0 μCi/cm3

The maximum result was 3 × 10-12 μCi/cm3

-- -- 3.0 × 10-12

Meyer 1955d 65 samples were collected during July, August, and September:

64 of the results were 0 μCi/cm3

The maximum result was 1.1 × 10-12 μCi/cm3

-- -- 1.1 × 10-12

Meyer 1956a 67 samples were collected during October, November, and 

December:

65 of the results were 0 μCi/cm3

The maximum result was 5.8 × 10-13 μCi/cm3

-- -- 5.8 × 10-13

1956

Meyer 1956b 30 samples were collected during January, February, and March:

25 of the results were 0 μCi/cm3

The maximum result was 1.93 × 10-12 μCi/cm3 Po

-- -- 1.93 × 10-12

Meyer 1956c 65 samples were collected during April, May, and June:

50 of the results were 0 μCi/cm3

The maximum result was 7.2 × 10-13 μCi/cm3 Po

-- -- 7.2 × 10-13

Meyer 1956d 66 samples were collected during July, August, and September:

59 of the results were 0 μCi/cm3

The maximum result was 1.38 × 10-12 μCi/cm3 Po

-- -- 1.38 × 10-12

Meyer 1957a 67 samples were collected during October, November, and December

58 of the results were 0 μCi/cm3

The maximum result was 1.95 × 10-11 μCi/cm3 Po

-- -- 1.95 × 10-11

1957

Meyer 1957b 67 samples were collected during January, February, and March

62 of the results were 0 μCi/cm3

The maximum result was 1.27 × 10-12 μCi/cm3 Po

-- -- 1.27 × 10-12

Meyer 1957c 67 samples were collected during April, May, and June:

56 of the results were 0 μCi/cm3

The maximum result was 3.85 × 10-12 μCi/cm3 Po

-- -- 3.85 × 10-12

Meyer 1957d 67 samples were collected during July, August, and September:

33 of the results were 0 μCi/cm3

The maximum result was 2.75 × 10-12 μCi/cm3 Po

-- -- 2.75 × 10-12

Meyer 1958a 67 samples were collected during October, November, and December

51 of the results were 0 μCi/cm3

The maximum result was 1.28 × 10-12 μCi/cm3 Po

-- -- 1.28 × 10-12

1958

Meyer 1958b 66 samples were collected during January, February, and March:

51 of the results were 0 μCi/cm3

The maximum result was 4.46 × 10-12 μCi/cm3 Po

-- -- 4.46 × 10-12

Meyer 1958c 55 samples were collected during April, May, and June:

51 of the results were 0 μCi/cm3

The maximum result was 1.03 × 10-12 μCi/cm3 Po

-- -- 1.03 × 10-12

Meyer 1958d 76 samples were collected during July, August, and September:

69 of the results were 0 μCi /cm3

The maximum result was 6.56 × 10-11 μCi/cm3 Po

-- -- 6.56 × 10-11

Meyer 1959a 67 samples were collected during October, November, and 

December:

62 of the results were 0 μCi/cm3

The maximum result was 6.31 × 10-13 μCi/cm3 Po

-- -- 6.31 × 10-13

1959

Meyer 1959b 67 samples were collected during January, February, and March:

59 of the results were 0 μCi/cm3

The maximum result was 7.03 × 10-13 μCi/cm3 Po

-- -- 7.03 × 10-13

-- Data for April, May, and June is unavailable. z -- --

ATTACHMENT B

MOUND OFFSITE ENVIRONMENTAL AIR-SAMPLING DATA FOR 1948 TO SEPTEMBER 1959

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Meyer 1959c 36 samples were collected during July, August, and September:

35 of the results were 0 μCi/cm3

The maximum result was 3.87 × 10-13 μCi/cm3 

-- -- 3.87 × 10-13

a. 20% detector efficiency assumed to convert cpm/cm3 to dpm/cm3.

b. -- = no data

ATTACHMENT B

MOUND OFFSITE ENVIRONMENTAL AIR-SAMPLING DATA FOR 1948 TO SEPTEMBER 1959

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LIST OF TABLES

TABLE TITLE PAGE

C-1 Mound offsite air monitoring data for 1959 ............................................................................. 61

C-2 Mound offsite air monitoring data for 1960 ............................................................................. 62

C-3 Mound offsite air monitoring data for 1961 ............................................................................. 62

C-4 Mound offsite air monitoring data for 1962 ............................................................................. 62

C-5 Mound offsite air monitoring data for January–June 1963 ...................................................... 63

C-6 Mound offsite air monitoring data for 1964 ............................................................................. 63

C-7 Mound offsite air monitoring data for 1965 ............................................................................. 63

C-8 Mound offsite air monitoring data for 1966 ............................................................................. 64

C-9 Mound offsite air monitoring data for 1967 ............................................................................. 64

C-10 Mound offsite air monitoring data for 1968 ............................................................................. 65

C-11 Mound offsite air monitoring data for 1969 ............................................................................. 66

C-12 Mound offsite air monitoring data for 1970 ............................................................................. 67

C-13 Mound air monitoring data for 1971........................................................................................ 67

C-14 Mound air monitoring data for 1972........................................................................................ 68

Table C-1. Mound offsite air monitoring data for 1959.

a

Location

HTO offsite concentration (10-12 μCi/mL) 210Po offsite concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)b

Samples LDL Min Max Mean Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean Mean

12 locations – 0 to 5 miles -- (c) (c) (c) -- -- -- -- -- -- 123,000 --

15 locations – 5 to 15 miles -- (c) (c) (c) -- -- -- -- -- -- 118,000 --

20 locations – 15 to 30 miles -- (c) (c) (c) -- -- -- -- -- -- 94,000 --

14 locations – 30 to 40 miles -- (c) (c) (c) -- -- -- -- -- -- 116,000 --

N -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 4 --

Min -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 94,000 --

Max -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 123,000 --

Median -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 117,000 --

Mean -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 112,750 --

StdDev -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 12,842 --

Effluent intake concentration (d) Effluent intake concentration (d)

Reference Monsanto 1960

a. LDL = lower detection limit; Min = minimum; Max = maximum; N = number of samples; StdDev = standard deviation.

b. Gross alpha including naturally occurring alpha.

c. All values not detectable before 1967 (Sheehan and Anderson 1966).

d. Not used (derived by alternate method).

ATTACHMENT C

MOUND ENVIRONMENTAL AIR-SAMPLING DATA FOR 1959 TO 1972

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Table C-2. Mound offsite air monitoring data for 1960.

a

Location

HTO offsite concentration (10-12 μCi/mL) Pu – Po offsite concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)b

Samples LDL Min Max Mean Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean Mean 

All locations 1st qtr 119 (c) (c) (c) -- -- 119 -- -- -- 27,100 --

All locations 2nd qtr 146 (c) (c) (c) -- -- 146 -- -- -- 24,200 --

All locations 3rd qtr 117 (c) (c) (c) -- -- 117 -- -- 1,171 10,500 --

All locations 4th qtr 154 (c) (c) (c) -- -- 154 -- -- 3,153 19,800 --

N 536 -- -- -- -- -- 536 -- -- 2 4 --

Min -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 117,100 10,500 --

Max -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 315,300 27,100 --

Median -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 216,200 22,000 --

Mean -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 216,200 20,400 --

StdDev -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 140,149 7,250 --

Effluent intake concentration (d) Effluent intake concentration (d)

Reference Monsanto 1961a

a. LDL = lower detection limit; Min = minimum; Max = maximum; N = number of samples; StdDev = standard deviation.

b. Gross alpha; no discrimination between Pu and Po.

c. All values not detectable before 1967(Sheehan and Anderson 1966).

d. Not used (derived by alternate method).

Table C-3. Mound offsite air monitoring data for 1961.

a

Location

HTO offsite concentration (10-12 μCi/mL) Pu – Po offsite concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)b

Samples LDL Min Max Mean Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean Mean

All locations 1st qtr 154 (c) (c) (c) (c) (c) 154 -- -- 90,100 9,300 --

All locations 3rd qtr 179 (c) (c) (c) (c) (c) 155 -- -- 54,000 12,000 --

All locations 4th qtr 183 (c) (c) (c) (c) (c) 159 -- -- 1,413,000 25,400 --

N 516 -- -- -- -- 468 -- -- 3 3 --

Min -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 54,000 9,300 --

Max -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 1,413,000 25,400 --

Median -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 90,100 12,000 --

Mean -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 519,033 15,567 --

StdDev -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 774,408 8,622 --

Effluent intake concentration (d) Effluent intake concentration (d)

Reference Monsanto 1961b; Adams 1961, 1962a

a. LDL = lower detection limit; Min = minimum; Max = maximum; N = number of samples; StdDev = standard deviation.

b. Downwind sample gross alpha; no discrimination between Pu and Po.

c. All values not detectable before 1967 (Sheehan and Anderson 1966).

d. Not used (derived by alternate method).

Table C-4. Mound offsite air monitoring data for 1962.

a

Location

HTO offsite concentration (10-12 μCi/mL) Pu – Po offsite concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)b

Samples LDL Min Max Mean Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean Mean

Upwind locations 18 (c) (c) (c) (c) (c) 18 -- -- 9,400 1,100 --

Downwind locations 115 (c) (c) (c) (c) (c) 115 -- -- 60,700 1,900 --

N 133 -- -- -- -- -- 133 -- -- 2 2 --

Min -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 9,400 1,100 --

Max -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 60,700 1,900 --

Median -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 35,050 1,500 --

Mean -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 35,050 1,500 --

StdDev -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 36,275 566 --

Effluent intake concentration (d) Effluent intake concentration (d)

Reference Adams 1962b, 1963a

a. LDL = lower detection limit; Min = minimum; Max = maximum; N = number of samples; StdDev = standard deviation.

b. Gross alpha; no discrimination between Pu and Po.

c. All values not detectable before 1967 (Sheehan and Anderson 1966).

d. Not used (derived by alternate method).

ATTACHMENT C

MOUND ENVIRONMENTAL AIR-SAMPLING DATA FOR 1959 TO 1972

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Table C-5. Mound offsite air monitoring data for January–June 1963.

a

Location

HTO offsite concentration (10-12 μCi/mL) Pu – Po offsite concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)b

Samples LDL Min Max Mean Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean Mean

Upwind locations 26 (c) (c) (c) (c) (c) 26 -- -- 20,700 3,400 --

Downwind locations 154 (c) (c) (c) (c) (c) 154 -- -- 41,800 3,000 --

N 180 -- -- -- -- -- 180 -- -- 2 2 --

Min -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 20,700 3,000 --

Max -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 41,800 3,400 --

Median -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 31,250 3,200 --

Mean -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 31,250 3,200 --

StdDev -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 14,920 283 --

Effluent intake concentration (d) Effluent intake concentration (d)

Reference Adams 1963b

a. LDL = lower detection limit; Min = minimum; Max = maximum; N = number of samples; StdDev = standard deviation.

b. Gross alpha; no discrimination between Pu and Po.

c. All values not detectable before 1967 (Sheehan and Anderson 1966).

d. Not used (derived by alternate method).

Table C-6. Mound offsite air monitoring data for 1964.

a

Location

HTO offsite concentration (10-12 μCi/mL) Pu – Po offsite concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)b

Samples LDL Min Max Mean Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean Mean

Upwind locations 94 (c) (c) (c) (c) (c) 94 -- -- 43,700 2,550 --

Downwind locations 566 (c) (c) (c) (c) (c) 566 -- -- 144,000 3,600 --

N 660 -- -- -- -- -- 660 -- -- 2 2 --

Min -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 43,700 2,550 --

Max -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 144,000 3,600 --

Median -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 93,850 3,075 --

Mean -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 93,850 3,075 --

StdDev -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 70,923 742 --

Effluent intake concentration (d) Effluent intake concentration (d)

Reference Adams 1964, 1965a

a. -- = no data; LDL = lower detection limit; Min = minimum; Max = maximum; N = number of samples; StdDev = standard deviation.

b. Gross alpha; no discrimination between Pu and Po.

c. All values not detectable before 1967 (Sheehan and Anderson 1966).

d. Not used (derived by alternate method).

Table C-7. Mound offsite air monitoring data for 1965.

a

Location

HTO offsite concentration (10-12 μCi/mL) Pu – Po offsite concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)b

Samples LDL Min Max Mean Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean Mean

Upwind locations 104 (c) (c) (c) (c) (c) 104 -- -- 27,000 2,500 --

Downwind locations 620 (c) (c) (c) (c) (c) 620 -- -- 82,800 2,600 --

N 724 -- -- -- -- -- 724 -- -- 2 2 --

Min -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 27,000 2,500 --

Max -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 82,800 2,600 --

Median -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 54,900 2,550 --

Mean -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 54,900 2,550 --

StdDev -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 39,457 71 --

Effluent intake concentration (d) Effluent intake concentration (d)

Reference Adams 1965b, Adams and Anderson 1966

a. LDL = lower detection limit; Min = minimum; Max = maximum; N = number of samples; StdDev = standard deviation.

b. Gross alpha; no discrimination between Pu and Po.

c. All values not detectable before 1967 (Sheehan and Anderson 1966).

d. Not used (derived by alternate method).

ATTACHMENT C

MOUND ENVIRONMENTAL AIR-SAMPLING DATA FOR 1959 TO 1972

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Table C-8. Mound offsite air monitoring data for 1966.

a

Location

HTO offsite concentration (10-12 μCi/mL) Pu – Po offsite concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)b

Samples LDL Min Max Mean Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean Mean

0-3 mi upwind 77 (c) (c) (c) (c) (c) 77 3,500 -- 16,800 3,900 --

0-3 mi downwind 127 (c) (c) (c) (c) (c) 127 3,500 -- 534,200 11,100 --

3-5 mi downwind 82 (c) (c) (c) (c) (c) 82 3,500 -- 12,900 4,300 --

5-10 mi downwind 82 (c) (c) (c) (c) (c) 82 3,500 -- 54,600 5,000 --

10-15 mi downwind 87 (c) (c) (c) (c) (c) 87 3,500 -- 23,200 5,000 --

15-20 mi downwind 123 (c) (c) (c) (c) (c) 123 3,500 -- 11,120 5,600 --

N 578 -- -- -- -- -- 578 -- -- 6 6 --

Min -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 3,500 -- 11,120 3,900 --

Max -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 3,500 -- 534,200 11,100 --

Median -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 3,500 -- 20,000 5,000 --

Mean -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 3,500 -- 108,803 5,817 --

StdDev -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 209,013 2,656 --

Effluent intake concentration (d) Effluent intake concentration (d)

Reference Sheehan and Anderson 1966; Anderson and 

Sheehan 1967a

a. LDL = lower detection limit unknown confidence level; Min = minimum; Max = maximum; N = number of samples; StdDev = standard 

deviation.

b. Gross alpha; no discrimination between Pu and Po.

c. All values not detectable before 1967 (Sheehan and Anderson 1966).

d. Not used (derived by alternate method).

Table C-9. Mound offsite air monitoring data for 1967.

a

Location

HTO offsite concentration (10-12 μCi/mL) 238Pu offsite concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)b

Samples LDL Min Max Mean Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean Mean

0-3 mi upwind 33 8,000 -- 25,000 8,650 -- 46 1,300 -- 282,200 12,000 --

0-3 mi downwind 32 8,000 -- 26,900 9,020 -- 46 900 -- 121,700 9,900 --

3-5 mi downwind 31 8,000 -- 12,790 8,080 -- 46 1,300 -- 111,400 11,100 --

5-10 mi downwind 31 8,000 -- 10,690 8,090 -- 45 1,300 -- 14,200 4,700 --

10-15 mi downwind 29 8,000 -- 8,000 8,000 -- 46 1,300 -- 98,400 8,300 --

15-20 mi downwind 24 8,000 -- 9,400 8,090 -- 46 900 -- 27,300 4,500 --

N 180 -- -- 6 6 -- 275 -- -- 6 6 --

Min -- 8,000 -- 8,000 8,000 -- -- 900 -- 14,200 4,500 --

Max -- 8,000 -- 26,900 9,020 -- -- 1,300 -- 282,200 12,000 --

Median -- 8,000 -- 11,740 8,090 -- -- 1,300 -- 104,900 9,100 --

Mean -- 8,000 -- 15,463 8,322 -- -- 1,167 -- 109,200 8,417 --

StdDev -- -- -- 8,296 416 -- -- -- 95,853 3,207 --

Effluent intake concentration (c) Effluent intake concentration (c)

Reference Anderson and Sheehan 1967b, 1968a

ATTACHMENT C

MOUND ENVIRONMENTAL AIR-SAMPLING DATA FOR 1959 TO 1972

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Location

210Po offsite concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)b

Samples LDL Min Max Mean Mean

0-3 mi upwind 45 8,000 -- 669,000 33,300 --

0-3 mi downwind 44 5,300 -- 104,700 15,300 --

3-5 mi downwind 45 8,000 -- 689,200 35,200 --

5-10 mi downwind 45 8,000 -- 99,100 22,500 --

10-15 mi downwind 45 8,000 -- 80,000 19,700 --

15-20 mi downwind 44 5,300 -- 36,600 14,100 --

N 268 -- -- 6 6 --

Min -- 5,300 -- 36,600 14,100 --

Max -- 8,000 -- 689,200 35,200 --

Median -- 8,000 -- 101,900 21,100 --

Mean -- 7,100 -- 279,767 23,350 --

StdDev -- -- 310,311 8,987 --

Effluent intake concentration (c)

Source Anderson and Sheehan 1968a, Table 5

a. LDL = lower detection limit unknown confidence level; Min = minimum; Max = 

maximum; N = number of samples; StdDev = standard deviation.

b. Gross alpha attributed to Pu-238 after separation of Po (naturally occurring alpha is 

included).

c. Not used (derived by alternate method).

Table C-10. Mound offsite air monitoring data for 1968.

a

Location

HTO offsite concentration (10-12 μCi/mL) 238Pu offsite concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)b

Samples LDL Min Max Mean Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean Mean

0-3 mi upwind 40 2,000 -- 16,550 3,690 -- 38 1,300 -- 37,900 11,900 --

0-3 mi downwind 40 2,000 -- 41,740 4,050 -- 38 900 -- 36,500 9,200 --

3-5 mi downwind 40 2,000 -- 10,950 2,730 -- 24 1,300 -- 81,100 14,700 --

5-10 mi downwind 40 2,000 -- 12,850 3,010 -- 23 1,300 -- 55,000 13,100 --

10-15 mi downwind 40 2,000 -- 10,150 2,890 -- 23 1,300 -- 36,500 12,900 --

15-20 mi downwind 40 2,000 -- 16,900 3,210 -- 22 900 -- 54,400 9,100 --

N 240 -- -- 6 6 -- 168 -- -- 6 6 --

Min -- 2,000 -- 10,150 2,730 -- -- 900 -- 36,500 9,100 --

Max -- 2,000 -- 41,740 4,050 -- -- 1,300 -- 81,100 14,700 --

Median -- 2,000 -- 14,700 3,110 -- -- 1,300 -- 46,150 12,400 --

Mean -- 2,000 -- 18,190 3,263 -- -- 1,167 -- 50,233 11,817 --

StdDev -- -- 11,870 508 -- -- -- 17,448 2,252 --

Effluent intake concentration (c) Effluent intake concentration (c)

Reference Anderson and Sheehan 1968b, 1969a

Location

210Po offsite concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)b

Samples LDL Min Max Mean Mean

0-3 mi upwind 40 8,000 -- 440,200 32,900 --

0-3 mi downwind 40 5,300 -- 404,200 35,100 --

3-5 mi downwind 40 8,000 -- 396,600 34,900 --

5-10 mi downwind 40 8,000 -- 331,500 31,300 --

10-15 mi downwind 40 8,000 -- 312,700 33,700 --

15-20 mi downwind 40 5,300 -- 236,800 23,100 --

N 240 -- -- 6 6 --

Min -- 5,300 -- 236,800 23,100 --

Max -- 8,000 -- 440,200 35,100 --

Median -- 8,000 -- 364,050 33,300 --

Mean -- 7,100 -- 353,667 31,833 --

StdDev -- -- 74,448 4,500 --

Effluent intake concentration (c)

Source Anderson and Sheehan 1969a, Table 5

a. LDL = lower detection limit unknown confidence level; Min = minimum; 

Max = maximum; N = number of samples; StdDev = standard deviation.

b. Gross alpha attributed to Pu-238 after separation of Po (naturally 

occurring alpha is included).

c. Not used (derived by alternate method).

ATTACHMENT C

MOUND ENVIRONMENTAL AIR-SAMPLING DATA FOR 1959 TO 1972

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Table C-11. Mound offsite air monitoring data for 1969.

a

Location

HTO offsite concentration (10-12 μCi/mL) 238Pu offsite concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)b

Samples LDL Min Max Mean Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean Mean

0-3 mi upwind 35 1,000 -- 5,480 1,390 -- 37 1,300 -- 12,700 5,400 --

0-3 mi downwind 35 1,000 -- 12,190 1,400 -- 38 900 -- 61,100 6,800 --

3-5 mi downwind 34 1,000 -- 3,990 1,120 -- 38 1,300 -- 183,300 10,500 --

5-10 mi downwind 34 1,000 -- 2,390 1,060 -- 37 1,300 -- 16,000 6,300 --

10-15 mi downwind 34 1,000 -- 1,510 1,020 -- 38 1,300 -- 19,700 5,900 --

15-20 mi downwind 33 1,000 -- 3,580 1,110 -- 37 900 -- 15,600 4,200 --

N 205 -- -- 6 6 -- 225 -- -- 6 6 --

Min -- 1,000 -- 1,510 1,020 -- -- 900 -- 12,700 4,200 --

Max -- 1,000 -- 12,190 1,400 -- -- 1,300 -- 183,300 10,500 --

Median -- 1,000 -- 3,785 1,115 -- -- 1,300 -- 17,850 6,100 --

Mean -- 1,000 -- 4,857 1,183 -- -- 1,167 -- 51,400 6,517 --

StdDev -- -- -- 3,843 168 -- -- -- 67,125 2,144 --

Effluent intake concentration (c) Effluent intake concentration (c)

Reference Anderson and Sheehan 1969b; Anderson and 

Sheehan 1970

Location

210Po offsite concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)b

Samples LDL Min Max Mean Mean

0-3 mi upwind 37 8,000 -- 39,500 15,600 --

0-3 mi downwind 38 5,300 -- 35,800 9,400 --

3-5 mi downwind 37 8,000 -- 38,900 14,500 --

5-10 mi downwind 38 8,000 -- 64,900 15,600 --

10-15 mi downwind 39 8,000 -- 30,300 14,400 --

15-20 mi downwind 37 5,300 -- 35,700 10,400 --

N 226 -- -- 6 6 --

Min -- 5,300 -- 30,300 9,400 --

Max -- 8,000 -- 64,900 15,600 --

Median -- 8,000 -- 37,350 14,450 --

Mean -- 7,100 -- 40,850 13,317 --

StdDev -- -- 12,226 2,715 --

Effluent intake concentration (c)

Source Anderson and Sheehan 1970, Table 5

a. LDL = lower detection limit unknown confidence level; Min = minimum; Max = 

maximum; N = number of samples; StdDev = standard deviation.

b. Gross alpha attributed to Pu-238 after separation of Po (naturally occurring alpha 

is included).

c. Not used (derived by alternate method).

ATTACHMENT C

MOUND ENVIRONMENTAL AIR-SAMPLING DATA FOR 1959 TO 1972

Page 6 of 8
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 01 Effective Date: 02/07/2013 Page 67 of 106

Table C-12. Mound offsite air monitoring data for 1970.

a

Location

HTO offsite concentration (10-12 μCi/mL) 238Pu offsite concentration (10-18 μCi/mL) 210Po offsite concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Samples LDL Min Max Mean Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean Mean

0 mi upwind 82 200 -- -- 480 -- 81 1,300 -- -- 3,300 -- 84 8,000 -- -- 14,000 --

0-3 3 mi downwind 83 200 -- -- 3,910 -- 81 900 -- -- 2,900 -- 84 5,000 -- -- 8,000 --

3-5 mi downwind 83 200 -- -- 610 -- 81 1,300 -- -- 3,300 -- 83 8,000 -- -- 10,000 --

5-10 mi downwind 84 200 -- -- 420 -- 81 1,300 -- -- 2,700 -- 84 8,000 -- -- 11,000 --

10-15 mi downwind 84 200 -- -- 520 -- 81 1,300 -- -- 2,700 -- 84 8,000 -- -- 12,000 --

15-20 mi downwind 84 200 -- -- 430 -- 81 900 -- -- 2,300 -- 84 5,000 -- -- 8,000 --

N 500 -- -- -- 6 -- 486 -- -- 6 -- 503 -- -- 6 --

Min -- 200 -- -- 420 -- -- 900 -- -- 2,300 -- -- 5,000 -- -- 8,000 --

Max -- 200 -- -- 3,910 -- -- 1,300 -- -- 3,300 -- -- 8,000 -- -- 14,000 --

Median -- 200 -- -- 500 -- -- 1,300 -- -- 2,800 -- -- 8,000 -- -- 10,500 --

Mean -- 200 -- -- 1,062 -- -- 1,167 -- -- 2,867 -- -- 7,000 -- -- 10,500 --

StdDev -- -- -- -- 1,397 -- -- -- -- -- 388 -- -- -- -- -- 2,345 --

Effluent intake concentration (b) Effluent intake concentration (b) Effluent intake concentration (b)

Reference Monsanto 1971a, 1971b

a. LDL = lower detection limit at 95% confidence level; Min = minimum; Max = maximum; N = number of samples; StdDev = standard deviation.

b. Not used (derived by alternate method).

Table C-13. Mound air monitoring data for 1971.

a

Location

HTO concentration (10-12 μCi/mL) 238Pu concentration(10-18 μCi/mL) 210Po Concentration (10-18 μCi mL-1)

Samples LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean

0-3 mi upwind 136 40 -- -- 610 116 30 -- -- 2,270 134 2,000 -- -- 12,000

0-3 mi downwind 136 40 -- -- 2,880 116 30 -- -- 2,960 134 2,000 -- -- 1,000

3-5 mi downwind 136 40 -- -- 760 115 30 -- -- 1,540 134 2,000 -- -- 10,000

5-10 mi downwind 136 40 -- -- 410 110 30 -- -- 1,630 134 2,000 -- -- 14,000

Southern perimeter -- -- -- -- 140 -- -- -- -- 500 -- -- -- -- 2,000

Northern perimeter -- -- -- -- 4,800 -- -- -- -- 300 -- -- -- -- 2,000

Site center -- -- -- -- 5,400 -- -- -- -- 400 -- -- -- -- 4,000

N 816 -- -- -- -- 677 -- -- -- -- 804 -- -- -- --

Min -- 40 -- -- -- -- 30 -- -- -- -- 2,000 -- -- --

Max -- 40 -- -- -- -- 30 -- -- -- -- 2,000 -- -- --

Median -- 40 -- -- -- -- 30 -- -- -- -- 2,000 -- -- --

Mean -- 40 -- -- -- -- 30 -- -- -- -- 2,000 -- -- --

StdDev -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Effluent intake concentration 4,800 Effluent intake concentration 400 Effluent intake concentration 2,000

Reference Monsanto 1972; Carfagno and Westendorf 1972a

a. LDL = lower detection limit at 95% confidence level; Min = minimum; Max = maximum; N = number of samples; StdDev = standard deviation.

ATTACHMENT C

MOUND ENVIRONMENTAL AIR-SAMPLING DATA FOR 1959 TO 1972

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Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 01 Effective Date: 02/07/2013 Page 68 of 106

Table C-14. Mound air monitoring data for 1972.

a

Location

HTO concentration (10-12 μCi/mL) Pu-238 concentration (10-18 μCi/mL) Po-210 concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Samples LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean

211 On 26 3 <3.0 290 77 26 1 10 928 400 26 20 930 3,700 2,300

212 On 26 3 <3.0 2,200 200 26 1 10 129 58 26 20 700 2,400 1,300

213 On 26 3 <3.0 1,250 110 26 1 8 1,101 400 26 20 660 2,600 1,200

214 On 26 3 <3.0 690 82 26 1 39 153 140 26 20 740 4,500 1,300

215 On 26 3 <3.0 430 51 26 1 18 33 22 26 20 590 2,300 1,200

N 130 5 0 5 5 130 5 5 5 5 130 5 5 5 5

Min -- 3 BEL 290 51 -- 1 8 33 22 -- 20 590 2,300 1,200

Max -- 3 BEL 2,200 200 -- 1 39 1,101 400 -- 20 930 4,500 2,300

Median -- 3.00 ND 690.00 82.00 -- 0.50 10.00 153.00 140.00 -- 20.00 700.00 2,600.00 1,300.00

Mean -- 3.00 ND 972.00 104.00 -- 0.50 17.00 468.80 204.00 -- 20.00 724.00 3,100.00 1,460.00

StdDev -- 0.00 ND 778.41 57.61 -- 0.00 12.88 503.90 183.96 -- 0.00 127.79 961.77 472.23

101 Off 46 3 <3.0 580 101 46 1 11 95 34 46 20 520 3,700 1,300

102 Off 37 3 <3.0 250 61 3 1 (b) (b) 69 -- -- -- -- --

103 Off 45 3 <3.0 1,640 81 44 1 5 188 56 -- -- -- -- --

104 Off 42 3 <3.0 270 30 45 1 6 51 20 -- -- -- -- --

105 Off 45 3 <3.0 110 12 45 1 4 27 10 -- -- -- -- --

106 Off 45 3 <3.0 59 8 45 1 3 78 13 -- -- -- -- --

107 Off 43 3 <3.0 25 4 25 1 2 11 5 -- -- -- -- --

108 Off 44 3 <3.0 16 3 43 1 3 14 8 42 20 600 2,900 1,300

109 Off 45 3 <3.0 21 4 41 1 2 9 5 -- -- -- -- --

110 Off 43 3 <3.0 79 5 27 1 4 7 5 -- -- -- -- --

N 435 10 0 10 10 364 10 9 9 10 88 2 2 2 2

Min -- 3 BEL 16 3 -- 1 2 7 5 -- 20 520 2,900 1,300

Max -- 3 BEL 1,640 101 -- 1 11 188 69 -- 20 600 3,700 1,300

Median -- 3.00 -- 95 10 -- 0.50 3.50 27.00 11.30 -- 20.00 560.00 3,300.00 1,300.00

Mean -- 3.00 -- 305 31 -- 0.50 4.36 53.38 22.43 -- 20.00 560.00 3,300.00 1,300.00

StdDev -- 0.00 -- 500 37 -- 0.00 2.73 59.78 23.14 -- 0.00 56.57 565.69 0.00

EL -- -- --

Reference Carfagno and Westendorf 1972b, 1973a

Effluent intake concentration 82.00 Effluent intake concentration 140.00 Effluent intake concentration 1,300.00

a. -- = no data; BEL = below environmental level; EL = environmental (activity concentration) level; LDL = lower detection limit at 95% confidence level; Min = minimum; Max = maximum; N = number of 

samples; ND = none detected; StdDev = standard deviation.

b. Pu-238 sample location 102 value is composite of three samples.

ATTACHMENT C

MOUND ENVIRONMENTAL AIR-SAMPLING DATA FOR 1959 TO 1972

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Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 01 Effective Date: 02/07/2013 Page 69 of 106

LIST OF TABLES

TABLE TITLE PAGE

D-1 Mound air monitoring data for 1973........................................................................................ 70

D-2 Mound air monitoring data for 1974........................................................................................ 71

D-3 Mound air monitoring data for 1975........................................................................................ 72

D-4 Mound air monitoring data for 1976........................................................................................ 73

D-5 Mound air monitoring data for 1977........................................................................................ 74

D-6 Mound air monitoring data for 1978........................................................................................ 75

D-7 Mound air monitoring data for 1979........................................................................................ 76

D-8 Mound air monitoring data for 1980........................................................................................ 77

D-9 Mound air monitoring data for 1981........................................................................................ 78

D-10 Mound air monitoring data for 1982........................................................................................ 79

D-11 Mound air monitoring data for 1983........................................................................................ 80

D-12 Mound air monitoring data for 1984........................................................................................ 81

D-13 Mound air monitoring data for 1985........................................................................................ 82

D-14 Mound air monitoring data for 1986........................................................................................ 83

D-15 Mound air monitoring data for 1987........................................................................................ 84

D-16 Mound air monitoring data for 1988........................................................................................ 85

D-17 Mound air monitoring data for 1989........................................................................................ 86

D-18 Mound air monitoring data for 1990........................................................................................ 87

D-19 Mound air monitoring data for 1991........................................................................................ 88

D-20 Mound air monitoring data for 1992........................................................................................ 89

D-21 Mound air monitoring data for 1993........................................................................................ 90

D-22 Mound air monitoring data for 1994........................................................................................ 91

D-23 Mound air monitoring data for 1995........................................................................................ 92

D-24 Mound air monitoring data for 1996........................................................................................ 93

D-25 Mound air monitoring data for 1997........................................................................................ 95

D-26 Mound air monitoring data for 1998........................................................................................ 97

D-27 Mound air monitoring data for 1999........................................................................................ 99

D-28 Mound air monitoring data for 2000...................................................................................... 101

D-29 Mound air monitoring data for 2001...................................................................................... 103

D-30 Mound air monitoring data for 2002...................................................................................... 103

ATTACHMENT D

MOUND ENVIRONMENTAL AIR-SAMPLING DATA FOR 1973 TO 2002

Page 1 of 38
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 01 Effective Date: 02/07/2013 Page 70 of 106

Table D-1. Mound air monitoring data for 1973.

a

HTO concentration (10-12 μCi/mL) 238Pu concentration (10-18 μCi/mL) 210Po concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean

211 On 52 3 <3.0 280.00 59.00 51 0.5 180.00 2850.00 940.00 51 20 590 6,500 1,500

212 On 52 3 <3.0 880.00 81.00 51 0.5 47.00 600.00 160.00 51 20 480 2,000 1,100

213 On 52 3 <3.0 670 97.00 51 0.5 130 9000 1390 52 20 500 5,500 1,100

214 On 50 3 <3.0 570 79 48 0.5 59 180 110 49 20 260 3,300 1,000

215 On 51 3 <3.0 340.00 33.00 50 0.5 18.00 350.00 68.00 51 20 500 1,900 1,000

N 257 5 0 5 5 251 5 5 5 5 254 5 5 5 5

Min 3 BEL 280.00 33.00 0.5 18.00 180.00 68.00 20.0 260 1,900 1,000

Max 3 BEL 880.00 97.00 0.5 180.00 9000.00 1390.00 20.0 260 1,900 1,500

Median 3 -- 570.00 79.00 0.5 59.00 600.00 160.00 20.0 500 3,300 1,100

Mean 3 -- 548.00 69.80 0.5 86.80 2596.00 533.60 20.0 466 3,840 1,140

StdDev 0 -- 245.30 24.60 0.0 66.41 3739.70 598.83 0.0 123 2,078 207

101 Off 49 3 <3.0 810.00 87.00 50 0.36 11.00 157.00 47.00 50 20 370 2,400 1,100

102 Off 51 3 <3.0 970.00 124.00 43 0.36 9.90 146.00 56.00 -- -- -- -- --

103 Off 52 3 <3.0 3040.00 115.00 52 0.36 4.60 184.00 58.00 -- -- -- -- --

104 Off 51 3 <3.0 570.00 40.00 51 0.36 4.00 444.00 51.00 -- -- -- -- --

105 Off 52 3 <3.0 350.00 14.00 51 0.36 0.60 55.00 16.00 -- -- -- -- --

106 Off 51 3 <3.0 130.00 12.00 40 0.36 0.50 21.00 7.80 -- -- -- -- --

107 Off 52 3 <3.0 200.00 15.00 45 0.36 <0.36 61.00 8.80 -- -- -- -- --

108 Off 52 3 <3.0 110.00 8.00 52 0.36 2.60 143.00 25.00 52 20 450 2,200 1,300

109 Off 52 3 <3.0 660.00 26.00 49 0.36 0.60 594.00 52.00 -- -- -- -- --

110 Off 52 3 <3.0 80.00 8.00 38 0.36 <0.36 19.00 4.60 -- -- -- -- --

111 Off 52 3 <3.0 80.00 9.00 52 0.36 <0.36 26.00 4.00 -- -- -- -- --

112 Off 50 3 <3.0 490.00 37.00 50 0.36 0.70 60.00 16.00 -- -- -- -- --

113 Off 51 3 <3.0 130.00 13.00 46 0.36 <0.36 11.00 4.20 -- -- -- -- --

114 Off 51 3 <3.0 110.00 10.00 51 0.36 <0.36 12.00 2.50 -- -- -- -- --

115 Off 50 3 <3.0 80.00 10.00 49 0.36 <0.36 12.00 3.10 -- -- -- -- --

116 Off 49 3 <3.0 210.00 14.00 48 0.36 <0.36 18.00 3.90 -- -- -- -- --

117 Off 50 3 <3.0 100.00 9.00 50 0.36 <0.36 10.00 1.90 -- -- -- -- --

118 Off 45 3 <3.0 910.00 45.00 30 0.36 2.80 26.00 9.10 -- -- -- -- --

119 Off 41 3 <3.0 60.00 5.00 41 0.36 <0.36 20.00 3.90 -- -- -- -- --

120 Off 42 3 <3.0 100.00 9.00 42 0.36 <0.36 12.00 3.00 -- -- -- -- --

121 Off 44 3 <3.0 50.00 7.00 42 0.36 <0.36 10.00 2.60 -- -- -- -- --

N 1,039 21 0 21 21 972 21 10 21 21 102 2 2 2 2

Min 3 BEL 50.00 5.00 0.36 0.5 10.00 1.90 20 370 2,200 1,100

Max 3 BEL 3,040.00 124.00 0.36 11 594.00 58.00 20 450 2,400 1,300

Median 3 -- 130.00 13.00 0.36 2.70 26.00 7.80 20 410 2,300 1,200

Mean 3 -- 440.00 29.38 0.36 3.73 97.19 18.11 20 410 2,300 1,200

StdDev 0 -- 667.52 35.56 0.00 3.85 152.62 20.74 0 57 141 141

ELb 5 3.9 --

Reference Carfagno and Westendorf 1973b, 1974

Effluent intake concentration 74.00 Effluent intake concentration 156.10 Effluent intake concentration 1,100.00

a. -- = no data; BEL = below environmental level; LDL = lower detection limit at 95% confidence level; Min = minimum; Max = maximum; N = number of samples; StdDev = standard deviation.

b. BEL values from sample location 119.

ATTACHMENT D

MOUND ENVIRONMENTAL AIR-SAMPLING DATA FOR 1973 TO 2002

Page 2 of 38
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 01 Effective Date: 02/07/2013 Page 71 of 106

Table D-2. Mound air monitoring data for 1974.

a,b

HTO concentration (10-12 μCi/mL) Pu-238 concentration (10-18 μCi/mL) Po-210 concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean

211 On 53 3 <3.0 550.00 86.00 52 0.4 51.00 3920.00 810.00 52 20 310.00 2800.00 1100.00

212 On 50 3 <3.0 1220.00 110.00 50 0.4 60.00 530.00 190.00 50 20 420.00 2200.00 1200.00

213 On 53 3 20.00 3330 320.00 53 0.4 200 1900 570 53 20 600.00 2500.00 1100.00

214 On 53 3 <3.0 1440 170 53 0.4 67 460 170 53 20 630.00 2500.00 1100.00

215 On 53 3 <3.0 1750.00 160.00 52 0.4 23.00 190.00 82.00 52 20 460.00 2400.00 1100.00

N 262 5 1 5 5 260 5 5 5 5 260 5 5 5 5

Min 3 20.00 550.00 86.00 0.4 23.00 190.00 82.00 20.0 310.0 2200.0 1100.0

Max 3 20.00 3330.00 320.00 0.4 200.00 3920.00 810.00 20.0 310.0 2200.0 1200.0

Median 3 -- 1440.00 160.00 0.4 60.00 530.00 190.00 20.0 460.00 2500.00 1100.00

Mean 3 -- 1658.00 169.20 0.4 80.20 1400.00 364.40 20.0 484.00 2480.00 1120.00

StdDev 0 -- 1033.33 91.18 0.0 69.03 1557.64 311.76 0.0 132.02 216.79 44.72

101 Off 53 2 <2.0 900.00 110.00 52 0.36 23.00 316.00 100.00 52 20 590.00 3000.00 1200.00

102 Off 53 2 <2.0 1700.00 140.00 53 0.36 9.60 293.00 60.00 -- -- -- -- --

103 Off 53 2 <2.0 2490.00 148.00 53 0.36 18.00 335.00 64.00 -- -- -- -- --

104 Off 53 2 <2.0 520.00 49.00 53 0.36 3.80 34.00 13.00 -- -- -- -- --

105 Off 53 2 <2.0 510.00 54.00 35 0.36 3.30 36.00 12.00 -- -- -- -- --

106 Off 53 2 <2.0 230.00 29.00 22 0.36 2.10 21.00 6.30 -- -- -- -- --

107 Off 52 2 <2.0 260.00 21.00 30 0.36 0.60 37.00 6.00 -- -- -- -- --

108 Off 52 2 <2.0 140.00 16.00 47 0.36 0.60 84.00 32.00 47 20 430.00 2400.00 1300.00

109 Off 53 2 <2.0 130.00 15.00 53 0.36 1.20 16.00 5.60 -- -- -- -- --

110 Off 52 2 <2.0 90.00 17.00 18b 0.36 1.90 43.00 13.00 -- -- -- -- --

111 Off 52 2 <2.0 60.00 11.00 53 0.36 0.90 32.00 7.80 -- -- -- -- --

112 Off 53 2 <2.0 530.00 40.00 53 0.36 2.80 79.00 20.00 -- -- -- -- --

113 Off 53 2 <2.0 50.00 9.00 53 0.36 0.80 23.00 5.60 -- -- -- -- --

114 Off 53 2 <2.0 60.00 8.00 53 0.36 1.70 15.00 6.30 -- -- -- -- --

115 Off 53 2 <2.0 160.00 12.00 50 0.36 0.30 71.00 10.00 -- -- -- -- --

116 Off 53 2 <2.0 100.00 10.00 47 0.36 0.70 35.00 5.60 -- -- -- -- --

117 Off 53 2 <2.0 40.00 7.00 48 0.36 0.70 32.00 7.30 -- -- -- -- --

118 Off 53 2 <2.0 1800.00 87.00 53 0.36 4.00 32.00 14.00 -- -- -- -- --

119 Off 52 2 <2.0 40.00 7.00 48 0.36 1.10 5.40 1.90 -- -- -- -- --

120 Off 53 2 <2.0 30.00 6.00 53 0.36 1.60 19.00 4.30 -- -- -- -- --

121 Off 53 2 <2.0 30.00 8.00 53 0.36 0.50 28.00 5.50 -- -- -- -- --

N 1108 21 0 21 21 980 21 21 21 21 99 2 2 2 2

Min 2 BEL 30.00 6.00 0.36 0.3 5.40 1.90 20 430 2400 1200

Max 2 BEL 2490.00 148.00 0.36 23 335.00 100.00 20 590 3000 1300

Median 2 -- 140.00 16.00 0.36 1.60 34.00 7.80 20 510 2700.00 1250.00

Mean 2 -- 470.00 38.29 0.36 3.77 75.54 19.06 20 510 2700.00 1250.00

StdDev 0 -- 690.22 44.76 0.00 5.98 102.23 25.15 0 113.14 424.26 70.71

ELc 7 1.9 --

Reference Carfagno and Robinson 1975

Effluent intake concentration 153.00 Effluent intake concentration 188.10 Effluent intake concentration 1,100.00

a. -- = no data; BEL = below environmental level; EL = environmental (activity concentration) level; LDL = lower detection limit at 95% confidence level; Min = minimum; Max = maximum; N = number of samples; 

StdDev = standard deviation.

b. Pu-239 samples from location 110 were collected only during the fall season; concentrations are typically lower; Min values less than LDL included as reported; however, these values should be interpreted as 

“BEL”; tritium “Mean” concentrations “Onsite” and “Offsite” included LDL values for averaging purposes.

c. EL values from sample location 119.

ATTACHMENT D

MOUND ENVIRONMENTAL AIR-SAMPLING DATA FOR 1973 TO 2002

Page 3 of 38
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 01 Effective Date: 02/07/2013 Page 72 of 106

Table D-3. Mound air monitoring data for 1975.

a,b

HTO concentration (10-12 μCi/mL) Pu-238 concentration (10-18 μCi/mL) Pu-239 concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean

211 On 52 12.2 <12.2 100.00 31.00 52 0.9 68.00 729.00 212.00 52 0.52 -- -- 22.00

212 On 50 12.2 <12.2 90.00 33.00 49 0.9 23.00 142.00 52.00 49 0.52 -- -- 21.00

213 On 52 12.2 <12.2 117 31.00 52 0.9 87 10959 1033 52 0.52 -- -- 41

214 On 52 12.2 <12.2 290 34 44 0.9 13 173 67 44 0.52 -- -- 25

215 On 51 12.2 <12.2 83.00 20.00 51 0.9 17.00 91.00 38.00 51 0.52 -- -- 22.00

N 257 5 0 5 5 248 5 5 5 5 248 5 0 0 5

Min 12.2 BEL 83.00 20.00 0.9 13.00 91.00 38.00 0.5 BEL BEL 21.00

Max 12.2 BEL 290.00 34.00 0.9 87.00 10959.00 1033.00 0.5 BEL BEL 41.00

Median 12.2 -- 100.00 31.00 0.9 23.00 173.00 67.00 0.5 -- -- 22.00

Mean 12.2 -- 136.00 29.80 0.9 41.60 2418.80 280.40 0.5 -- -- 26.20

StdDev 0 -- 87.03 5.63 0.0 33.64 4781.12 426.48 0.0 -- -- 8.41

101 Off 52 7.2 <7.2 42.00 13.00 52 0.79 3.70 56.00 23.00 52 0.46 -- -- 29.00

102 Off 52 7.2 <7.2 49.00 16.00 52 0.79 5.80 30.00 14.00 52 0.46 -- -- 29.00

103 Off 52 7.2 <7.2 52.00 14.00 52 0.79 4.50 31.00 13.00 52 0.46 -- -- 23.00

104 Off 52 7.2 <7.2 27.00 9.00 52 0.79 2.30 94.00 14.00 52 0.46 -- -- 22.00

105 Off 52 7.2 <7.2 68.00 11.00 41 0.79 0.80 54.00 9.40 41 0.46 -- -- 19.00

106 Off 27 7.2 <7.2 11.00 7.30 13 0.79 2.70 3.50 3.20 13 0.46 -- -- 38.00

107 Off 27 7.2 <7.2 14.00 7.90 25 0.79 1.60 16.00 6.20 25 0.46 -- -- 36.00

108 Off 52 7.2 <7.2 21.00 7.80 52 0.79 1.10 16.00 7.50 52 0.46 -- -- 19.00

109 Off 27 7.2 <7.2 18.00 8.00 25 0.79 0.80 8.60 3.30 25 0.46 -- -- 37.00

110 Off 52 7.2 <7.2 16.00 7.40 52 0.79 <.79 4.70 2.30 52 0.46 -- -- 19.00

111 Off 52 7.2 <7.2 13.00 7.40 52 0.79 <.79 5.30 3.30 52 0.46 -- -- 22.00

112 Off 52 7.2 <7.2 46.00 10.00 52 0.79 1.20 4.90 3.50 52 0.46 -- -- 31.00

113 Off 27 7.2 <7.2 13.00 7.60 25 0.79 1.40 1.80 1.60 25 0.46 -- -- 40.00

114 Off 23 7.2 <7.2 14.00 7.70 22 0.79 1.50 2.10 1.80 22 0.46 -- -- 40.00

115 Off 52 7.2 <7.2 17.00 7.50 52 0.79 <.79 3.80 1.70 52 0.46 -- -- 26.00

116 Off 27 7.2 <7.2 12.00 7.40 25 0.79 1.00 1.30 1.20 25 0.46 -- -- 35.00

117 Off 23 7.2 <7.2 13.00 7.70 21 0.79 1.50 7.40 4.80 21 0.46 -- -- 34.00

118 Off 52 7.2 <7.2 18.00 8.90 52 0.79 1.40 7.60 4.40 52 0.46 -- -- 18.00

119 Off 51 7.2 <7.2 13.00 7.40 50 0.79 <.79 2.00 1.40 50 0.46 -- -- 19.00

120 Off 27 7.2 <7.2 8.70 7.20 25 0.79 1.70 1.80 1.80 25 0.46 -- -- 35.00

121 Off 27 7.2 <7.2 10.00 7.30 25 0.79 1.40 1.80 1.60 25 0.46 -- -- 37.00

122 Off -- -- -- -- -- 44 0.79 6.40 74.00 17.00 44 0.46 -- -- 16.00

N 858 21 0 21 21 861 22 18 22 22 861 22 0 0 22

Min 7.2 BEL 8.70 7.20 0.79 0.8 1.30 1.20 0.46 BEL BEL 16.00

Max 7.2 BEL 68.00 16.00 0.79 6.4 94.00 23.00 0.46 BEL BEL 40.00

Median 7.2 -- 16.00 7.70 0.79 1.50 6.35 3.40 0.46 -- -- 29.00

Mean 7.2 -- 23.60 8.93 0.79 2.27 19.44 6.36 0.46 -- -- 28.36

StdDev 0 -- 17.00 2.50 0.00 1.70 26.49 6.10 0 -- -- 8.24

ELc 2 3 19

Reference Farmer, Robinson, and Carfagno 1976

Effluent intake concentration 29.00 Effluent intake concentration 64.00 Effluent intake concentration 3.00

a. -- = no data; BEL = below environmental level; EL = environmental (activity concentration) level; LDL = lower detection limit at 95% confidence level; Min = minimum; Max = maximum; N = number of samples; 

StdDev = standard deviation.

b. Min values less than LDL included as reported; however, these values should be interpreted as “BEL”; tritium “Mean” concentrations “Onsite” and “Offsite” included LDL values for averaging purposes; Pu-238 

“Mean” concentrations “Offsite” included LDL values for averaging purposes.

c. EL values from sample location 119.

ATTACHMENT D

MOUND ENVIRONMENTAL AIR-SAMPLING DATA FOR 1973 TO 2002

Page 4 of 38
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 01 Effective Date: 02/07/2013 Page 73 of 106

Table D-4. Mound air monitoring data for 1976.

a,b

HTO concentration (10-12 μCi/mL)c Pu-238 concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)d Pu-239 concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)e

Location Samples LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean

211 On 49 7.4 <7.4 86.00 18.00 52 0.8 2.60 373.00 87.00 52 0.45 -- -- 5.90

212 On 48 7.4 <7.4 52.00 20.00 52 0.8 14.00 110.00 35.00 52 0.45 -- -- 5.40

213 On 51 7.4 <7.4 200 28.00 52 0.8 72 776 267 52 0.45 -- -- 13

214 On 50 7.4 <7.4 102 22 47 0.8 17 379 91 47 0.45 -- -- 8.1

215 On 50 7.4 <7.4 339.00 24.00 50 0.8 7.50 68.00 33.00 50 0.45 -- -- 6.00

N 248 5 0 5 5 253 5 5 5 5 253 5 0 0 5

Min 7.4 BEL 52.00 18.00 0.8 2.60 68.00 33.00 0.5 BEL BEL 5.40

Max 7.4 BEL 339.00 28.00 0.8 72.00 776.00 267.00 0.5 BEL BEL 13.00

Median 7.4 -- 102.00 22.00 0.8 14.00 373.00 87.00 0.5 -- -- 6.00

Mean 7.4 -- 155.80 22.40 0.8 22.62 341.20 102.60 0.5 -- -- 7.68

StdDev 0 -- 116.25 3.85 0.0 28.17 282.66 95.94 0.0 -- -- 3.15

101 Off 51 4.5 <4.5 136.00 13.00 52 0.77 2.60 144.00 39.00 52 0.43 -- -- 6.70

102 Off 51 4.5 <4.5 192.00 15.00 52 0.77 7.60 74.00 26.00 52 0.43 -- -- 5.20

103 Off 51 4.5 <4.5 75.00 11.00 52 0.77 5.90 75.00 29.00 52 0.43 -- -- 8.50

104 Off 49 4.5 <4.5 38.00 9.40 52 0.77 <0.77 19.00 7.90 52 0.43 -- -- 5.20

105 Off 51 4.5 <4.5 53.00 8.90 52 0.77 <0.77 4.70 2.10 52 0.43 -- -- 4.80

108 Off 50 4.5 <4.5 41.00 8.90 44 0.77 0.80 7.10 3.90 44 0.43 -- -- 4.40

110 Off 51 4.5 <4.5 54.00 9.00 52 0.77 <0.77 4.20 1.70 52 0.43 -- -- 4.60

111 Off 51 4.5 <4.5 18.00 8.10 52 0.77 1.60 10.00 4.10 52 0.43 -- -- 5.90

112 Off 51 4.5 <4.5 31.00 9.20 51 0.77 1.20 4.30 2.60 51 0.43 -- -- 5.10

115 Off 51 4.5 <4.5 35.00 8.50 52 0.77 0.40 14.00 2.10 52 0.43 -- -- 5.50

118 Off 50 4.5 <4.5 19.00 9.00 51 0.77 3.50 17.00 6.50 51 0.43 -- -- 5.60

119 Off 51 4.5 <4.5 35.00 8.80 52 0.27 <0.27 0.60 0.50 52 0.43 -- -- 3.80

122 Off -- -- -- -- -- 51 0.77 5.50 107.00 38.00 51 0.43 -- -- 6.00

123 Off 25 4.5 <4.5 31.00 11.00 25 0.77 31.00 294.00 160.00 25 0.43 -- -- 5.10

N 633 13 0 13 13 690 14 10 14 14 690 14 0 0 14

Min 4.5 BEL 18.00 8.10 0.27 0.4 0.60 0.50 0.43 BEL BEL 3.80

Max 4.5 BEL 192.00 15.00 0.77 31 294.00 160.00 0.43 BEL BEL 8.50

Median 4.5 -- 38.00 9.00 0.77 3.05 15.50 5.30 0.43 -- -- 5.20

Mean 4.5 -- 58.31 9.98 0.73 6.01 55.35 23.10 0.43 -- -- 5.46

StdDev 0 -- 50.58 2.01 0.13 9.11 82.22 41.85 0 -- -- 1.13

ELf 0 -- 2 3 3.8

Reference Farmer, Robinson, and Carfagno 1977

Effluent intake concentration 20.00 Effluent intake concentration 84.00 Effluent intake concentration 2.20

a. -- = no data; BEL = below environmental level; EL = environmental (activity concentration) level; LDL = lower detection limit at 95% confidence level; Min = minimum; Max = maximum; N = number of samples; 

StdDev = standard deviation.

b. Min values less than LDL included as reported; however, these values should be interpreted as “BEL”; tritium “Mean” concentrations “Onsite” and “Offsite” included LDL values for averaging purposes; Pu-238 

“Mean” concentrations “Offsite” included LDL values for averaging purposes.

c. Tritium oxide “Onsite” LDL in air during the first half of the year was 16.5E-12 μCi/mL and 7.4E-12 μCi/mL for the second half. Tritium oxide “Offsite” LDL in air during the first half of the year was 9.9E-12 μCi/mL 

and 4.5E-12 μCi/mL for the second half.

d. Pu-238 “Onsite” LDL in air during the first half of the year was 0.81E-18 μCi/mL and 0.27E-18 μCi/mL for the second half. Pu-238 “Offsite” LDL in air during the first half of the year was 0.77E-18 μCi/mL and 

0.27E-18 μCi/mL for the second half.

e. Pu-239 “Onsite” LDL in air during the first half of the year was 0.45E-18 μCi/mL and 0.15E-18 μCi/mL for the second half. Pu-239 “Offsite” LDL in air during the first half of the year was 0.43E-18 μCi/mL and 

0.15E-18 μCi/mL for the second half.

f. EL values from sample location 119.

ATTACHMENT D

MOUND ENVIRONMENTAL AIR-SAMPLING DATA FOR 1973 TO 2002

Page 5 of 38
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 01 Effective Date: 02/07/2013 Page 74 of 106

Table D-5. Mound air monitoring data for 1977.

a,b

HTO concentration (10-12 μCi/mL) Pu-238 concentration (10-18 μCi/mL) Pu-239 concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean

211 On 51 7.3 <7.3 278.00 18.00 43 2.6 24.00 101.00 51.00 43 1.21 -- -- 20.00

212 On 40 7.3 <7.3 143.00 30.00 43 2.6 9.80 117.00 25.00 43 1.21 -- -- 19.00

213 On 35 7.3 <7.3 67 20.00 43 2.6 42 148 81 43 1.21 -- -- 31

214 On 52 7.3 <7.3 68 16 43 2.6 9.8 85 31 43 1.21 -- -- 19

215 On 52 7.3 <7.3 64.00 16.00 43 2.6 3.70 29.00 13.00 43 1.21 -- -- 17.00

N 230 5 0 5 5 215 5 5 5 5 215 5 0 0 5

Min 7.3 BEL 64.00 16.00 2.6 3.70 29.00 13.00 1.2 BEL BEL 17.00

Max 7.3 BEL 278.00 30.00 2.6 42.00 148.00 81.00 1.2 BEL BEL 31.00

Median 7.3 -- 68.00 18.00 2.6 9.80 101.00 31.00 1.2 -- -- 19.00

Mean 7.3 -- 124.00 20.00 2.6 17.86 96.00 40.20 1.2 -- -- 21.20

StdDev 0 -- 92.28 5.83 0.0 15.42 44.10 26.63 0.0 -- -- 5.59

101 Off 52 2.9 <2.9 21.60 6.40 51 0.76 1.50 32.00 10.00 51 0.33 -- -- 24.00

102 Off 52 2.9 <2.9 97.30 12.30 52 0.76 5.20 13.00 8.10 52 0.33 -- -- 22.00

103 Off 52 2.9 <2.9 27.70 7.20 51 0.76 4.20 8.80 6.20 51 0.33 -- -- 21.00

104 Off 52 2.9 <2.9 12.70 4.40 52 0.76 2.20 5.00 3.70 52 0.33 -- -- 22.00

105 Off 52 2.9 <2.9 14.50 4.00 52 0.76 <.76 2.30 1.50 52 0.33 -- -- 20.00

108 Off 52 2.9 <2.9 9.40 3.70 48 0.76 <.76 2.90 1.50 48 0.33 -- -- 27.00

110 Off 52 2.9 <2.9 12.20 4.00 51 0.76 <.76 1.50 0.90 51 0.33 -- -- 23.00

111 Off 52 2.9 <2.9 75.30 6.20 52 0.76 <.76 3.20 2.10 52 0.33 -- -- 25.00

112 Off 52 2.9 <2.9 21.00 5.90 48 0.76 <.76 2.10 1.60 48 0.33 -- -- 21.00

115 Off 52 2.9 <2.9 26.60 5.60 51 0.76 <.76 2.10 1.30 51 0.33 -- -- 25.00

118 Off 52 2.9 <2.9 23.70 5.70 51 0.76 2.50 12.00 7.50 51 0.33 -- -- 25.00

119 Off 51 2.9 <2.9 23.30 4.40 51 0.76 <.76 1.10 1.00 51 0.33 -- -- 21.00

122 Off -- -- -- -- -- 47 2.58 6.10 63.00 21.00 47 1.21 -- -- 16.00

123 Off 52 2.9 <2.9 43.60 8.80 52 2.58 5.40 96.00 29.00 52 1.21 -- -- 21.00

124 Off 52 2.9 <2.9 59.80 9.40 52 2.58 3.50 42.00 17.00 52 1.21 -- -- 24.00

N 727 14 0 14 14 761 15 8 15 15 761 15 0 0 15

Min 2.9 BEL 9.40 3.70 0.76 1.5 1.10 0.90 0.33 BEL BEL 16.00

Max 2.9 BEL 97.30 12.30 2.58 6.1 96.00 29.00 1.21 BEL BEL 27.00

Median 2.9 -- 23.50 5.80 0.76 3.85 5.00 3.70 0.33 -- -- 22.00

Mean 2.9 -- 33.48 6.29 1.12 3.83 19.13 7.49 0.506 -- -- 22.47

StdDev 0 -- 26.34 2.45 0.75 1.67 27.95 8.53 0.364 -- -- 2.70

ELc 2 3 21

Reference Farmer, Robinson, and Carfagno 1978

Effluent intake concentration 16.00 Effluent intake concentration 28.00 Effluent intake concentration 0.00

a. -- = no data; BEL = below environmental level; EL = environmental (activity concentration) level; LDL = lower detection limit at 95% confidence level; Min = minimum; Max = maximum; N = number of samples; 

StdDev = standard deviation.

b. Min values less than LDL included as reported; however, these values should be interpreted as “BEL”; tritium “Mean” concentrations “Onsite” and “Offsite” included LDL values for averaging purposes; Pu-238 

“Mean” concentrations “Offsite” included LDL values for averaging purposes; Pu-239 “Mean” concentration “215 On” included LDL values for averaging purposes.

c. EL values from sample location 119.

ATTACHMENT D

MOUND ENVIRONMENTAL AIR-SAMPLING DATA FOR 1973 TO 2002

Page 6 of 38
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 01 Effective Date: 02/07/2013 Page 75 of 106

Table D-6. Mound air monitoring data for 1978.

a

HTO incremental concentration (10-12 μCi/mL) Pu-238 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL) Pu-239, -240 concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean

211 On 52 1.2 ELb 36.10 3.40 12 0.8 3.20 33.00 25.00 12 0.4 6 55.00 26.00

212 On 52 1.2 EL 30.30 6.20 12 0.8 6.40 26.00 13.00 12 0.4 7.2 51.00 27.00

213 On 52 1.2 EL 41.2 9.00 12 0.8 21 240 110 12 0.4 6.1 56.00 27

214 On 50 1.2 EL 38 8.7 12 0.8 3.8 96 32 12 0.4 5 52.00 26

215 On 52 1.2 EL 38.70 4.50 12 0.8 2.00 37.00 11.00 12 0.4 5 47.00 25.00

N 258 5 0 5 5 60 5 5 5 5 60 5 5 5 5

Min 1.2 BEL 30.30 3.40 0.8 2.00 26.00 11.00 0.4 5.00 47.00 25.00

Max 1.2 BEL 41.20 9.00 0.8 21.00 240.00 110.00 0.4 7.20 56.00 27.00

Median 1.2 -- 38.00 6.20 0.8 3.80 37.00 25.00 0.4 6.00 52.00 26.00

Mean 1.2 -- 36.86 6.36 0.8 7.28 86.40 38.20 0.4 5.86 52.20 26.20

StdDev 0 -- 4.10 2.48 0.0 7.84 90.31 41.06 0.0 0.92 3.56 0.84

101 Off 52 1.2 EL 40.30 4.40 4 0.8 EL 4.90 1.50 4 0.3 8.9 49.00 28.00

102 Off 52 1.2 EL 56.50 8.60 4 0.8 EL 11.00 5.00 4 0.3 8 60.00 32.00

103 Off 52 1.2 EL 87.80 5.20 4 0.8 4.40 97.00 29.00 4 0.3 7 45.00 27.00

104 Off 52 1.2 EL 35.70 3.40 4 0.8 EL 2.50 1.10 4 0.3 7.9 47.00 26.00

105 Off 52 1.2 EL 28.10 2.00 4 0.8 EL 1.10 EL 4 0.3 6.6 53.00 27.00

108 Off 52 1.2 EL 44.90 1.70 4 0.8 EL 1.70 EL 4 0.3 11 77.00 39.00

110 Off 52 1.2 EL 26.80 1.40 4 0.8 EL 0.40 EL 4 0.3 8.1 54.00 29.00

111 Off 52 1.2 EL 41.70 3.00 4 0.8 EL 4.40 1.00 4 0.3 8.1 72.00 33.00

112 Off 52 1.2 EL 41.20 2.90 4 0.8 EL 1.10 EL 4 0.3 7.1 55.00 30.00

115 Off 52 1.2 EL 22.00 0.70 4 0.8 -- -- EL 4 0.3 6.4 50.00 27.00

118 Off 52 1.2 EL 17.80 1.90 4 0.8 EL 29.00 7.90 4 0.3 8.3 72.00 36.00

122 Off 27 1.2 EL 28.90 5.60 12 0.8 0.80 21.00 7.80 12 0.4 3.5 44.00 22.00

123 Off 51 1.2 EL 35.60 7.30 12 0.8 1.30 250.00 28.00 12 0.4 6.8 60.00 30.00

124 Off 52 1.2 EL 50.40 6.00 12 0.8 1.10 40.00 13.00 12 0.4 5.8 60.00 30.00

N 702 14 0 14 14 80 14 4 13 9 80 14 14 14 14

Min 1.2 BEL 17.80 0.70 0.8 0.8 0.40 1.00 0.3 3.5 44.00 22.00

Max 1.2 BEL 87.80 8.60 0.8 4.4 250.00 29.00 0.4 11 77.00 39.00

Median 1.2 -- 38.00 3.20 0.8 1.20 4.90 7.80 0.3 7.5 54.50 29.50

Mean 1.2 -- 39.84 3.86 0.80 1.90 35.70 10.48 0.321 7.3929 57.00 29.71

StdDev 0 -- 17.51 2.38 0.00 1.68 69.76 10.95 0.043 1.7013 10.50 4.30

ELc 4.5 1.6 22

Reference Farmer and Carfagno 1979

Effluent intake concentration 6.20 Effluent intake concentration 25.00 Effluent intake concentration 4.00

a. -- = no data; BEL = below environmental level; EL = environmental (activity concentration) level; LDL = lower detection limit at 95% confidence level; Min = minimum; Max = maximum; N = number of samples; 

StdDev = standard deviation.

b. EL indicates that “Min” and “Mean” values included as reported; however, these values should be interpreted as “BEL.”

c. EL values from sample location 119.

ATTACHMENT D

MOUND ENVIRONMENTAL AIR-SAMPLING DATA FOR 1973 TO 2002

Page 7 of 38
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 01 Effective Date: 02/07/2013 Page 76 of 106

Table D-7. Mound air monitoring data for 1979.

a

HTO incremental concentration (10-12 μCi/mL) Pu-238 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL) Pu-239, -240 concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean

211 On 52 0.3 EL 24.80 8.30 12 1.5 5.40 33.00 21.00 12 0.8 2.4 16.00 8.40

212 On 51 0.3 0.41 26.20 9.50 12 1.5 4.00 37.00 16.00 12 0.8 2.8 12.00 8.30

213 On 52 0.3 0.12 37.4 13.50 12 1.5 19 880 190 12 0.8 2.5 21.00 11

214 On 52 0.3 EL 40.9 8.6 12 1.5 5.1 39 13 12 0.8 2.8 14.00 8.1

215 On 51 0.3 EL 37.10 7.40 12 1.5 2.30 18.00 6.30 12 0.8 1.8 15.00 7.90

N 258 5 2 5 5 60 5 5 5 5 60 5 5 5 5

Min 0.3 0.12 24.80 7.40 1.5 2.30 18.00 6.30 0.8 1.80 12.00 7.90

Max 0.3 0.41 40.90 13.50 1.5 19.00 880.00 190.00 0.8 2.80 21.00 11.00

Median 0.3 0.27 37.10 8.60 1.5 5.10 37.00 16.00 0.8 2.50 15.00 8.30

Mean 0.3 0.27 33.28 9.46 1.5 7.16 201.40 49.26 0.8 2.46 15.60 8.74

StdDev 0 0.21 7.27 2.38 0.0 6.73 379.44 78.86 0.0 0.41 3.36 1.28

101 Off 52 0.3 EL 28.30 5.30 4 0.5 0.6 7.00 2.90 4 0.4 3.9 17.00 8.70

102 Off 52 0.3 EL 27.40 10.40 4 0.5 4.60 8.70 6.20 4 0.4 2.8 16.00 8.70

103 Off 52 0.3 0.40 47.40 6.50 4 0.5 1.30 6.10 3.60 4 0.4 2.9 17.00 8.50

104 Off 52 0.3 EL 28.20 3.90 4 0.5 0.70 5.60 3.50 4 0.4 3.4 19.00 10.00

105 Off 52 0.3 EL 16.80 2.80 4 0.5 0.10 1.70 0.90 4 0.4 2.9 19.00 9.10

108 Off 52 0.3 EL 18.10 1.00 4 0.5 0.20 1.10 0.60 4 0.4 4.2 20.00 11.00

110 Off 52 0.3 EL 4.20 0.60 4 0.5 EL 1.20 0.50 4 0.4 2.8 19.00 9.50

111 Off 52 0.3 EL 4.60 0.50 4 0.5 0.08 2.20 1.10 4 0.4 3.4 20.00 9.50

112 Off 52 0.3 EL 12.80 2.20 4 0.5 0.20 0.70 0.40 4 0.4 2.7 16.00 8.80

115 Off 52 0.3 EL 7.50 0.30 4 0.5 EL 0.40 0.03 4 0.4 3 18.00 9.20

118 Off 52 0.3 EL 19.10 2.90 4 0.5 0.70 9.40 3.50 4 0.4 2.8 19.00 9.90

122 Off 52 0.3 EL 29.70 6.20 12 1.5 1.40 8.80 3.70 12 0.8 2.2 12.00 7.40

123 Off 52 0.3 EL 41.80 7.60 12 1.5 3.40 110.00 35.00 12 0.8 2.1 21.00 9.60

124 Off 52 0.3 0.60 60.30 11.00 12 1.5 3.10 29.00 12.00 12 0.8 2.6 20.00 9.80

N 728 14 2 14 14 80 14 12 14 14 80 14 14 14 14

Min 0.3 0.4 4.20 0.30 0.5 0.08 0.40 0.03 0.4 2.1 12.00 7.40

Max 0.3 0.6 60.30 11.00 1.5 4.6 110.00 35.00 0.8 4.2 21.00 11.00

Median 0.3 0.5 23.25 3.40 0.5 0.70 5.85 3.20 0.4 2.85 19.00 9.35

Mean 0.3 0.5 24.73 4.37 0.71 1.37 13.71 5.28 0.486 2.9786 18.07 9.26

StdDev 0 0.1414 16.48 3.58 0.43 1.51 28.66 9.11 0.17 0.582 2.34 0.85

ELc 0.6 0.5 7.8

Reference Farmer and Carfagno 1980

Effluent intake concentration 8.60 Effluent intake concentration 16.00 Effluent intake concentration 0.50

a. -- = no data; BEL = below environmental level; EL = environmental (activity concentration) level; LDL = lower detection limit at 95% confidence level; Min = minimum; Max = maximum; N = number of samples; 

StdDev = standard deviation.

b. EL indicates that “Min” and “Mean” values included as reported; however, these values should be interpreted as “BEL.”

c. EL values from sample location 119.

ATTACHMENT D

MOUND ENVIRONMENTAL AIR-SAMPLING DATA FOR 1973 TO 2002

Page 8 of 38
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 01 Effective Date: 02/07/2013 Page 77 of 106

Table D-8. Mound air monitoring data for 1980.

a

HTO incremental concentration (10-12 μCi/mL) Pu-238 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL) Pu-239, -240 concentration (10-18μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean

211 On 51 3 EL 101.00 88.80 12 1.6 6.40 160.00 38.00 12 0.3 1.2 12.00 4.30

212 On 49 3 4.1 5090.00 413.00 12 1.6 3.10 26.00 8.80 12 0.3 1.3 9.30 4.00

213 On 47 3 2.00 1870 215.00 12 1.6 15 21 58 12 0.3 1.8 12.00 4.9

214 On 47 3 2.60 685 85.8 12 1.6 2.1 12 6.6 12 0.3 1.3 7.70 3.1

215 On 46 3 EL 280.00 39.00 12 1.6 0.50 25.00 5.50 12 0.3 1.2 9.10 3.70

N 240 5 3 5 5 60 5 5 5 5 60 5 5 5 5

Min 3 2.00 101.00 39.00 1.6 0.50 12.00 5.50 0.3 1.20 7.70 3.10

Max 3 4.10 5090.00 413.00 1.6 15.00 160.00 58.00 0.3 1.80 12.00 4.90

Median 3 2.60 685.00 88.80 1.6 3.10 25.00 8.80 0.3 1.30 9.30 4.00

Mean 3 2.90 1605.20 168.32 1.6 5.42 48.80 23.38 0.3 1.36 10.02 4.00

StdDev 0 1.08 2066.37 151.58 0.0 5.77 62.41 23.59 0.0 0.25 1.91 0.67

101 Off 47 3 EL 469.00 49.60 4 0.2 0.7 3.00 2.00 4 0.1 1.9 11.00 5.50

102 Off 49 3 2.3 1630.00 137.00 4 0.2 2.40 15.00 6.70 4 0.1 3.2 8.40 4.80

103 Off 49 3 EL 588.00 66.60 4 0.2 3.10 11.00 5.40 4 0.1 2.2 8.60 4.90

104 Off 49 3 EL 84.40 14.00 4 0.2 1.00 5.20 2.30 4 0.1 2.8 8.10 4.70

105 Off 49 3 EL 29.10 5.40 4 0.2 EL 1.80 0.60 4 0.1 2.5 8.30 4.90

108 Off 47 3 EL 132.00 6.00 4 0.2 EL 0.60 0.20 4 0.1 2.5 9.50 5.10

110 Off 47 3 EL 22.50 1.80 4 0.2 EL 1.90 0.50 4 0.1 2.5 8.30 5.10

111 Off 49 3 EL 11.50 0.10 4 0.2 0.60 1.40 1.00 4 0.1 2.1 10.00 5.10

112 Off 50 3 EL 43.80 7.10 4 0.2 EL 1.00 0.40 4 0.1 2.6 7.40 4.20

115 Off 45 3 EL 7.50 EL 4 0.2 EL 1.80 0.40 4 0.1 2 7.90 4.20

118 Off 47 3 EL 62.50 8.60 4 0.2 0.50 1.30 0.90 4 0.1 2 9.80 4.80

122 Off 52 3 EL 667.00 42.10 12 1.6 EL 7.00 2.60 12 0.3 0.9 8.20 0.33

123 Off 47 3 EL 184.00 45.30 12 1.6 0.60 78.00 14.00 12 0.3 1.9 10.00 4.40

124 Off 51 3 EL 570.00 76.00 12 1.6 EL 20.00 6.40 12 0.3 1.8 13.00 4.50

N 678 14 1 14 13 80 14 7 14 14 80 14 14 14 14

Min 3 2.3 7.50 0.10 0.2 0.5 0.60 0.20 0.1 0.9 7.40 0.33

Max 3 2.3 1630.00 137.00 1.6 3.1 78.00 14.00 0.3 3.2 13.00 5.50

Median 3 -- 108.20 14.00 0.2 0.70 2.45 1.50 0.1 2.15 8.50 4.80

Mean 3 -- 321.52 35.35 0.50 1.27 10.64 3.10 0.143 2.2071 9.18 4.47

StdDev 0 -- 448.15 40.21 0.60 1.04 20.28 3.88 0.085 0.5484 1.50 1.25

ELc 2 0.2 3.4

Reference Farmer and Carfagno 1981

Effluent intake concentration 88.80 Effluent intake concentration 8.80 Effluent intake concentration 0.60

a. -- = no data; BEL = below environmental level; EL = environmental (activity concentration) level; LDL = lower detection limit at 95% confidence level; Min = minimum; Max = maximum; N = number of samples; 

StdDev = standard deviation.

b. EL indicates that “Min” and “Mean” values included as reported; however, these values should be interpreted as “BEL.”

c. EL values from sample location 119.

ATTACHMENT D

MOUND ENVIRONMENTAL AIR-SAMPLING DATA FOR 1973 TO 2002

Page 9 of 38
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 01 Effective Date: 02/07/2013 Page 78 of 106

Table D-9. Mound air monitoring data for 1981.

a

HTO incremental concentration (10-12 μCi/mL) Pu-238 incremental concentration (10-18μCi/mL) Pu-239, -240 concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Sample

s

LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean

211 On 51 7 ELb 434.00 71.80 12 1.7 16.60 2040.00 364.00 12 0.3 2.1 47.90 16.60

212 On 52 7 EL 455.00 67.60 12 1.7 0.70 34.70 10.30 12 0.3 1.2 39.20 12.60

213 On 49 7 EL 726 78.50 12 1.7 11.6 268 66.1 12 0.3 1.2 36.20 13.6

214 On 48 7 EL 247 44.5 12 1.7 3.2 88.1 20.7 12 0.3 2.3 36.50 13.8

215 On 50 7 EL 329.00 30.40 12 1.7 1.60 14.40 6.00 12 0.3 1.2 37.10 14.80

N 250 5 0 5 5 60 5 5 5 5 60 5 5 5 5

Min 7 BEL 247.00 30.40 1.7 0.70 14.40 6.00 0.3 1.20 36.20 12.60

Max 7 BEL 726.00 78.50 1.7 16.60 2040.00 364.00 0.3 2.30 47.90 16.60

Median 7 -- 434.00 67.60 1.7 3.20 88.10 20.70 0.3 1.20 37.10 13.80

Mean 7 -- 438.20 58.56 1.7 6.74 489.04 93.42 0.3 1.60 39.38 14.28

StdDev 0 -- 181.39 20.28 0.0 7.00 872.75 153.13 0.0 0.55 4.90 1.51

101 Off 50 7 EL 369.00 70.20 4 0.3 0.2 2.60 1.10 4 0.1 4.2 46.20 18.60

102 Off 51 7 0.2 357.00 61.00 4 0.3 2.20 5.70 4.00 4 0.1 2.4 43.60 18.30

103 Off 51 7 EL 666.00 61.70 4 0.3 2.90 14.30 7.00 4 0.1 2.9 42.40 17.70

104 Off 51 7 EL 233.00 29.20 4 0.3 1.90 3.50 2.50 4 0.1 2.7 39.90 17.10

105 Off 51 7 EL 129.00 22.50 4 0.3 0.70 1.20 0.90 4 0.1 2.1 36.50 15.70

108 Off 49 7 EL 86.40 11.00 4 0.3 EL 0.90 0.40 4 0.1 3.4 57.50 23.20

110 Off 52 7 EL 91.40 11.90 4 0.3 EL 2.20 0.90 4 0.1 2.6 45.40 18.40

111 Off 49 7 EL 79.70 7.20 4 0.3 0.20 0.60 0.30 4 0.1 2.2 43.80 17.70

112 Off 51 7 EL 91.70 12.90 4 0.3 0.30 1.10 0.60 4 0.1 2.2 42.60 17.40

115 Off 50 7 EL 30.70 1.60 3 0.3 0.30 0.90 0.60 3 0.1 11 34.70 19.30

118 Off 49 7 EL 846.00 31.20 4 0.3 0.90 3.40 2.20 4 0.1 2.4 48.10 20.40

122 Off 52 7 EL 514.00 31.90 12 1.7 EL 3.70 1.60 12 0.3 1.3 35.90 13.00

123 Off 51 7 EL 776.00 52.60 12 1.7 1.20 109.00 16.50 12 0.3 2.2 48.60 17.10

124 Off 50 7 EL 899.00 59.40 12 1.7 EL 94.20 15.80 12 0.3 1.8 46.30 17.00

N 707 14 1 14 14 79 14 10 14 14 79 14 14 14 14

Min 7 0.2 30.70 1.60 0.3 0.2 0.60 0.30 0.1 1.3 34.70 13.00

Max 7 0.2 899.00 70.20 1.7 2.9 109.00 16.50 0.3 11 57.50 23.20

Median 7 -- 295.00 30.20 0.3 0.80 3.00 1.35 0.1 2.4 43.70 17.70

Mean 7 -- 369.21 33.16 0.60 1.08 17.38 3.89 0.143 3.1 43.68 17.92

StdDev 0 -- 315.19 23.51 0.60 0.95 35.97 5.50 0.085 2.3778 5.95 2.29

ELc 6.5 0.1 16.3

Reference Farmer and Carfagno 1982

Effluent intake concentration 67.6 Effluent intake concentration 20.70 Effluent intake concentration 0.00

a. -- = no data; BEL = below environmental level; EL = environmental (activity concentration) level; LDL = lower detection limit at 95% confidence level; Min = minimum; Max = maximum; N = number of samples; 

StdDev = standard deviation.

b. EL indicates that “Min” and “Mean” values included as reported; however, these values should be interpreted as “BEL.”

c. EL values from sample location 119.

ATTACHMENT D

MOUND ENVIRONMENTAL AIR-SAMPLING DATA FOR 1973 TO 2002

Page 10 of 38
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 01 Effective Date: 02/07/2013 Page 79 of 106

Table D-10. Mound air monitoring data for 1982.

a

HTO incremental concentration (10-12 μCi/mL) Pu-238 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL) Pu-239, -240 concentration (10-18μCi/mL)

Location Sample

s

LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean

211 On 52 5 ELb 158.00 52.60 12 1.0 16.60 630.00 88.00 12 0.2 1 5.80 2.90

212 On 50 5 EL 107.00 39.30 12 1.0 2.50 34.60 8.50 12 0.2 0.3 5.20 2.50

213 On 48 5 EL 610 56.50 12 1.0 17.2 125 38.3 12 0.2 0.1 5.50 2.4

214 On 41 5 EL 90 30.2 12 1.0 7.3 50.2 23.9 12 0.2 0.4 5.70 2.8

215 On 46 5 EL 64.80 20.70 12 1.0 1.60 15.10 5.20 12 0.2 0.02 4.80 2.40

N 237 5 0 5 5 60 5 5 5 5 60 5 5 5 5

Min 5 BEL 64.80 20.70 1.0 1.60 15.10 5.20 0.2 0.02 4.80 2.40

Max 5 BEL 610.00 56.50 1.0 17.20 630.00 88.00 0.2 1.00 5.80 2.90

Median 5 -- 107.00 39.30 1.0 7.30 50.20 23.90 0.2 0.30 5.50 2.50

Mean 5 -- 205.96 39.86 1.0 9.04 170.98 32.78 0.2 0.36 5.40 2.60

StdDev 0 -- 228.43 15.00 0.0 7.50 259.95 33.57 0.0 0.39 0.41 0.23

101 Off 32 5 EL 175.00 47.00 4 0.3 0.5 4.10 1.80 4 0.1 0.03 6.20 2.60

102 Off 52 5 EL 188.00 35.70 4 0.3 2.10 6.30 4.20 4 0.1 0.3 5.30 2.60

103 Off 50 5 EL 102.00 31.30 4 0.3 1.00 6.80 3.70 4 0.1 0.2 4.70 2.30

104 Off 51 5 EL 63.80 10.90 4 0.3 0.90 2.30 1.40 4 0.1 0.4 4.40 2.20

105 Off 50 5 EL 42.70 8.10 4 0.3 0.10 1.20 0.60 4 0.1 0.2 4.50 2.10

108 Off 46 5 EL 47.70 7.30 4 0.3 EL 0.30 EL 4 0.1 0.5 6.30 2.70

110 Off 51 5 EL 47.50 6.30 4 0.3 EL 0.40 EL 4 0.1 0.3 4.30 2.00

111 Off 49 5 EL 40.40 5.70 4 0.3 EL 0.80 0.30 4 0.1 0.4 5.40 2.60

112 Off 51 5 EL 41.20 8.10 4 0.3 EL 0.50 0.10 4 0.1 0.4 5.60 2.50

115 Off 51 5 EL 36.70 1.10 4 0.3 EL 0.30 0.10 4 0.1 0.5 4.10 2.00

118 Off 37 5 EL 51.40 6.60 4 0.3 EL 1.40 0.80 4 0.1 0.4 5.40 2.70

122 Off 51 5 EL 90.10 17.00 12 1 0.20 5.00 2.50 12 2 -- 5.30 2.30

123 Off 52 5 EL 278.00 28.00 12 1 4.30 65.10 17.10 12 2 0.4 6.30 2.60

124 Off 43 5 EL 70.70 20.00 12 1 1.50 10.90 4.30 12 2 0.4 5.90 2.50

N 666 14 0 14 14 80 14 8 14 12 80 14 13 14 14

Min 5 BEL 36.70 1.10 0.3 0.1 0.30 0.10 0.1 0.03 4.10 2.00

Max 5 BEL 278.00 47.00 1 4.3 65.10 17.10 2 0.5 6.30 2.70

Median 5 -- 57.60 9.50 0.3 0.95 1.85 1.60 0.1 0.4 5.35 2.50

Mean 5 -- 91.09 16.65 0.45 1.33 7.53 3.08 0.507 0.3408 5.26 2.41

StdDev 0 -- 72.52 13.80 0.30 1.37 16.87 4.68 0.809 0.1327 0.76 0.25

ELc 7.3 0.3 2.6

Reference Carfagno and Farmer 1983

Effluent intake concentration 39.30 Effluent intake concentration 23.90 Effluent intake concentration 0.00

a. -- = no data; BEL = below environmental level; EL = environmental (activity concentration) level; LDL = lower detection limit at 95% confidence level; Min = minimum; Max = maximum; N = number of samples; 

StdDev = standard deviation.

b. EL indicates that “Min” and “Mean” values included as reported; however, these values should be interpreted as “BEL.”

c. EL values from sample location 119.

ATTACHMENT D

MOUND ENVIRONMENTAL AIR-SAMPLING DATA FOR 1973 TO 2002

Page 11 of 38
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 01 Effective Date: 02/07/2013 Page 80 of 106

Table D-11. Mound air monitoring data for 1983.

a

HTO incremental concentration (10-12 μCi/mL) Pu-238 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL) Pu-239, -240 concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Sample

s

LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean

211 On 49 4 ELb 120.00 35.30 12 1.0 7.60 114.00 29.40 12 0.3 0.3 13.50 2.30

212 On 49 4 EL 158.00 32.10 12 1.0 2.50 10.70 6.00 12 0.3 0.4 15.50 2.30

213 On 46 4 EL 225 42.50 12 1.0 38.4 151 74.2 12 0.3 0.3 17.80 3

214 On 52 4 EL 445 34.3 12 1.0 3.3 29.3 13.2 12 0.3 0.2 15.10 2.2

215 On 51 4 EL 173.00 21.20 12 1.0 1.30 6.00 2.70 12 0.3 0.1 14.10 1.90

N 247 5 0 5 5 60 5 5 5 5 60 5 5 5 5

Min 4 BEL 120.00 21.20 1.0 1.30 6.00 2.70 0.3 0.10 13.50 1.90

Max 4 BEL 445.00 42.50 1.0 38.40 151.00 74.20 0.3 0.40 17.80 3.00

Median 4 -- 173.00 34.30 1.0 3.30 29.30 13.20 0.3 0.30 15.10 2.30

Mean 4 -- 224.20 33.08 1.0 10.62 62.20 25.10 0.3 0.26 15.20 2.34

StdDev 0 -- 129.05 7.70 0.0 15.71 66.07 29.32 0.0 0.11 1.66 0.40

101 Off 51 4 EL 68.20 25.30 4 0.3 0.3 1.30 0.80 4 0.2 0.6 9.10 2.90

102 Off 51 4 EL 97.30 26.00 4 0.3 0.70 7.10 2.60 4 0.2 0.6 7.10 2.40

103 Off 48 4 EL 102.00 19.70 4 0.3 1.50 12.60 6.30 4 0.2 0.7 7.60 2.50

104 Off 49 4 EL 45.60 7.80 4 0.3 0.30 13.60 4.10 4 0.2 0.6 6.90 2.30

105 Off 49 4 EL 39.50 7.70 4 0.3 0.20 1.00 0.50 4 0.2 0.5 7.60 2.50

108 Off 51 4 EL 28.80 4.50 4 0.3 EL 0.20 EL 4 0.2 0.6 5.20 1.90

110 Off 50 4 EL 45.00 2.40 4 0.3 EL 1.00 0.40 4 0.2 0.2 6.30 2.10

111 Off 51 4 EL 35.40 4.60 4 0.3 EL 1.20 0.50 4 0.2 0.7 4.80 1.90

112 Off 52 4 EL 29.00 7.30 4 0.3 EL 0.60 0.20 4 0.2 0.3 8.00 2.50

115 Off 51 4 EL 15.20 0.20 4 0.3 EL 1.80 0.50 4 0.2 0.3 6.60 2.20

118 Off 50 4 EL 53.50 7.50 4 0.3 EL 0.70 0.40 4 0.2 0.6 9.60 3.10

122 Off 50 4 EL 172.00 21.50 12 1 EL 9.40 1.80 12 3 0.02 8.90 1.50

123 Off 52 4 EL 197.00 30.70 12 1 2.30 33.10 12.20 12 3 -- 20.50 2.70

124 Off 51 4 EL 266.00 32.60 12 1 1.40 12.70 5.80 12 3 0.3 22.10 2.80

N 706 14 0 14 14 80 14 7 14 13 80 14 13 14 14

Min 4 BEL 15.20 0.20 0.3 0.2 0.20 0.20 0.2 0.02 4.80 1.50

Max 4 BEL 266.00 32.60 1 2.3 33.10 12.20 3 0.7 22.10 3.10

Median 4 -- 49.55 7.75 0.3 0.70 1.55 0.80 0.2 0.6 7.60 2.45

Mean 4 -- 85.32 14.13 0.45 0.96 6.88 2.78 0.8 0.4631 9.31 2.38

StdDev 0 -- 75.16 11.28 0.30 0.80 9.14 3.54 1.192 0.2146 5.27 0.44

ELc 1.4 0.2 1

Reference Carfagno and Farmer 1984

Effluent intake concentration 34.30 Effluent intake concentration 13.20 Effluent intake concentration 1.30

a. -- = no data; BEL = below environmental level; EL = environmental (activity concentration) level; LDL = lower detection limit at 95% confidence level; Min = minimum; Max = maximum; N = number of samples; 

StdDev = standard deviation.

b. EL indicates that “Min” and “Mean” values included as reported; however, these values should be interpreted as “BEL.”

c. EL values from sample location 119.

ATTACHMENT D

MOUND ENVIRONMENTAL AIR-SAMPLING DATA FOR 1973 TO 2002

Page 12 of 38
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 01 Effective Date: 02/07/2013 Page 81 of 106

Table D-12. Mound air monitoring data for 1984.

a

HTO incremental concentration (10-12 μCi/mL) Pu-238 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL) Pu-239, -240 concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean

211 On 49 7 ELb 160.00 22.10 12 1.0 9.20 99.70 41.90 12 0.2 -- 2.10 1.00

212 On 50 7 EL 67.90 21.10 12 1.0 1.80 74.80 17.10 12 0.2 0.1 1.90 0.60

213 On 49 7 EL 142 28.30 12 1.0 18.3 270 126 12 0.2 0.3 2.10 1.1

214 On 53 7 EL 173 26.7 12 1.0 0.5 63.8 23.2 12 0.2 0.2 2.10 0.7

215 On 51 7 EL 183.00 21.50 12 1.0 EL 14.00 5.00 12 0.2 0.1 1.60 0.60

N 252 5 0 5 5 60 5 4 5 5 60 5 4 5 5

Min 7 BEL 67.90 21.10 1.0 0.50 14.00 5.00 0.2 0.10 1.60 0.60

Max 7 BEL 183.00 28.30 1.0 18.30 270.00 126.00 0.2 0.30 2.10 1.10

Median 7 -- 160.00 22.10 1.0 5.50 74.80 23.20 0.2 0.15 2.10 0.70

Mean 7 -- 145.18 23.94 1.0 7.45 104.46 42.64 0.2 0.18 1.96 0.80

StdDev 0 -- 45.84 3.32 0.0 8.19 97.65 48.47 0.0 0.10 0.22 0.23

101 Off 53 7 EL 117.00 18.80 4 0.3 1.2 5.00 2.90 4 0.2 0.3 1.00 0.60

102 Off 51 7 EL 69.90 17.20 4 0.3 1.20 36.10 11.20 4 0.2 0.4 0.70 0.60

103 Off 53 7 EL 39.60 11.50 3 0.3 2.70 6.20 4.60 3 0.2 0.4 0.70 0.50

104 Off 52 7 EL 84.30 8.70 4 0.3 0.70 4.40 2.30 4 0.2 0.1 0.90 0.40

105 Off 53 7 EL 38.40 5.00 4 0.3 0.08 1.50 0.80 4 0.2 0.2 0.50 0.30

108 Off 50 7 EL 31.80 2.60 4 0.3 0.10 2.20 0.70 4 0.2 0.2 0.70 0.50

110 Off 34 7 EL 28.80 0.90 3 0.3 EL 0.70 0.20 3 0.2 0.1 0.50 0.30

111 Off 48 7 EL 18.90 EL 4 0.3 0.01 0.40 0.20 4 0.2 0.2 0.90 0.50

112 Off 51 7 EL 44.50 1.10 4 0.3 EL 0.50 0.20 4 0.2 0.2 0.70 0.40

115 Off 53 7 EL 21.20 EL 4 0.3 EL 0.70 0.30 4 0.2 0.2 0.70 0.40

118 Off 52 7 EL 36.80 1.90 4 0.3 1.10 13.70 5.00 4 0.2 0.2 0.80 0.50

122 Off 51 7 EL 58.10 14.40 12 1 EL 6.90 2.10 12 0.2 0.2 0.80 0.50

123 Off 51 7 EL 92.00 15.80 12 1 1.50 49.00 15.00 12 0.2 0.3 1.30 0.70

124 Off 52 7 EL 137.00 16.10 12 1 1.70 126.90 22.00 12 0.2 0.2 2.10 0.60

N 704 14 0 14 12 78 14 10 14 14 78 14 14 14 14

Min 7 BEL 18.90 0.90 0.3 0.01 0.40 0.20 0.2 0.1 0.50 0.30

Max 7 BEL 137.00 18.80 1 2.7 126.90 22.00 0.2 0.4 2.10 0.70

Median 7 -- 42.05 10.10 0.3 1.15 4.70 2.20 0.2 0.2 0.75 0.50

Mean 7 -- 58.45 9.50 0.45 1.03 18.16 4.82 0.2 0.2286 0.88 0.49

StdDev 0 -- 36.67 6.93 0.30 0.85 34.55 6.65 3E-09 0.0914 0.41 0.12

ELc 4.1 0.002 0.4

Reference Carfagno and Farmer 1985

Effluent intake concentration 22.10 Effluent intake concentration 23.20 Effluent intake concentration 0.30

a. -- = no data; BEL = below environmental level; EL = environmental (activity concentration) level; LDL = lower detection limit at 95% confidence level; Min = minimum; Max = maximum; N = number of samples; 

StdDev = standard deviation.

b. EL indicates that “Min” and “Mean” values included as reported; however, these values should be interpreted as “BEL.”

c. EL values from sample location 119.

ATTACHMENT D

MOUND ENVIRONMENTAL AIR-SAMPLING DATA FOR 1973 TO 2002

Page 13 of 38
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 01 Effective Date: 02/07/2013 Page 82 of 106

Table D-13. Mound air monitoring data for 1985.

a

HTO incremental concentration (10-12 μCi/mL) Pu-238 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL) Pu-239, -240 concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean

211 On 52 14 ELb 167.00 32.70 12 0.7 17.20 1269.00 182.00 12 0.38 -- 7.97 1.21

212 On 50 14 1.54 115.00 29.70 12 0.7 2.26 42.80 16.80 12 0.38 -- 0.93 0.31

213 On 49 14 EL 104 27.30 12 0.7 35 369 153 12 0.38 0.1 3.03 0.99

214 On 52 14 EL 189 24.8 12 0.7 12.1 772 126 12 0.38 -- 2.29 0.76

215 On 52 14 EL 134.00 19.80 12 0.7 0.96 137.00 16.50 12 0.38 -- 1.59 0.37

N 255 5 1 5 5 60 5 5 5 5 60 5 1 5 5

Min 14 1.54 104.00 19.80 0.7 0.96 42.80 16.50 0.4 0.10 0.93 0.31

Max 14 1.54 189.00 32.70 0.7 35.00 1269.00 182.00 0.4 0.10 7.97 1.21

Median 14 -- 134.00 27.30 0.7 12.10 369.00 126.00 0.4 -- 2.29 0.76

Mean 14 -- 141.80 26.86 0.7 13.50 517.96 98.86 0.4 -- 3.16 0.73

StdDev 0 -- 35.60 4.91 0.0 13.80 505.39 77.62 0.0 -- 2.80 0.39

101 Off 42 14 EL 40.40 17.40 3 0.14 1.13 4.95 2.46 3 0.08 0.07 0.42 0.25

102 Off 51 14 3.94 70.90 29.20 4 0.14 3.10 14.70 8.05 4 0.08 0.15 0.38 0.27

103 Off 52 14 EL 43.60 10.90 4 0.14 2.20 10.80 6.35 4 0.08 0.24 0.55 0.39

104 Off 52 14 EL 52.30 9.39 4 0.14 1.04 2.89 1.73 4 0.08 0.12 0.26 0.17

105 Off 49 14 EL 26.60 4.89 4 0.14 0.46 6.03 2.47 4 0.08 0.09 0.25 0.17

108 Off 50 14 EL 21.20 2.30 4 0.14 EL 0.19 EL 4 0.08 0.22 0.42 0.33

110 Off 49 14 EL 26.20 0.99 4 0.14 EL 0.15 0.04 4 0.08 0.01 0.33 0.16

111 Off 51 14 EL 20.80 EL 4 0.14 0.08 0.32 0.21 4 0.08 0.09 0.44 0.21

112 Off 52 14 EL 19.50 2.45 4 0.14 0.01 2.61 0.85 4 0.08 0.08 0.38 0.22

115 Off 45 14 EL 11.60 EL 4 0.14 EL 0.01 0.15 4 0.08 0.1 0.39 0.23

118 Off 50 14 EL 31.70 6.49 4 0.14 1.06 17.40 10.80 4 0.08 0.16 0.41 0.29

122 Off 51 14 EL 68.30 11.70 12 0.69 0.66 37.40 8.43 12 0.38 -- 0.87 0.33

123 Off 52 14 EL 116.00 20.20 12 0.69 1.06 352.00 40.20 12 0.38 0.08 3.72 0.84

124 Off 50 14 EL 55.50 18.20 12 0.69 2.16 56.80 13.70 12 0.38 -- 0.70 0.20

N 696 14 1 14 12 79 14 11 14 13 79 14 12 14 14

Min 14 3.94 11.60 0.99 0.14 0.005 0.01 0.04 0.08 0.01 0.25 0.16

Max 14 3.94 116.00 29.20 0.69 3.1 352.00 40.20 0.38 0.24 3.72 0.84

Median 14 -- 36.05 10.15 0.14 1.06 5.49 2.47 0.08 0.095 0.42 0.24

Mean 14 -- 43.19 11.18 0.26 1.18 36.16 7.34 0.144 0.1175 0.68 0.29

StdDev 0 -- 27.99 8.62 0.23 0.95 92.38 10.85 0.128 0.0652 0.89 0.17

ELc 2.54 0.15 0.13

Reference Carfagno and Farmer 1986

Effluent intake concentration 27.30 Effluent intake concentration 126.00 Effluent intake concentration 0.63

a. -- = no data; EL = environmental (activity concentration) level; LDL = lower detection limit at 95% confidence level; Min = minimum; Max = maximum; N = number of samples; StdDev = standard deviation.

b. EL indicates that “Min” and “Mean” values included as reported; however, these values should be interpreted as “BEL.”

c. EL values from sample location 119.

ATTACHMENT D

MOUND ENVIRONMENTAL AIR-SAMPLING DATA FOR 1973 TO 2002

Page 14 of 38
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 01 Effective Date: 02/07/2013 Page 83 of 106

Table D-14. Mound air monitoring data for 1986.

a

HTO incremental concentration (10-12 μCi/mL) Pu-238 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL) Pu-239, -240 concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean

211 On 50 17 ELb 94.00 23.80 11 0.2 8.29 388.00 125.00 11 0.15 -- 3.76 0.92

212 On 51 17 EL 75.30 21.10 12 0.2 4.19 194.00 53.40 12 0.15 -- 0.82 0.31

213 On 50 17 2.19 123 40.90 12 0.2 53 447 178 12 0.15 0.53 5.53 1.47

214 On 50 17 EL 100 21.3 12 0.2 7.35 372 93.4 12 0.15 -- 1.55 0.63

215 On 51 17 EL 64.40 15.50 12 0.2 1.55 127.00 22.40 12 0.15 -- 1.14 0.31

N 252 5 1 5 5 59 5 5 5 5 59 5 1 5 5

Min 17 2.19 64.40 15.50 0.2 1.55 127.00 22.40 0.2 0.53 0.82 0.31

Max 17 2.19 123.00 40.90 0.2 53.00 447.00 178.00 0.2 0.53 5.53 1.47

Median 17 -- 94.00 21.30 0.2 7.35 372.00 93.40 0.2 -- 1.55 0.63

Mean 17 -- 91.34 24.52 0.2 14.88 305.60 94.44 0.2 -- 2.56 0.73

StdDev 0 -- 22.73 9.65 0.0 21.48 137.43 60.81 0.0 -- 2.02 0.49

101 Off 48 17 EL 85.80 24.50 4 0.08 0.49 10.20 3.50 4 0.04 0.07 0.41 0.25

102 Off 50 17 EL 120.00 23.20 4 0.08 3.41 38.30 14.30 4 0.04 0.05 0.37 0.28

103 Off 49 17 EL 31.90 8.57 4 0.08 3.08 23.80 10.50 4 0.04 0.03 0.39 0.24

104 Off 50 17 EL 60.50 11.00 4 0.08 0.41 19.80 5.91 4 0.04 0.01 0.62 0.27

105 Off 50 17 EL 35.30 3.96 4 0.08 0.27 26.40 7.06 4 0.04 0.08 0.41 0.27

108 Off 51 17 EL 37.20 5.61 4 0.08 EL 0.26 EL 4 0.04 0.15 0.41 0.22

110 Off 49 17 EL 32.90 3.68 4 0.08 EL 0.33 0.05 4 0.04 0.25 0.58 0.29

111 Off 52 17 EL 59.00 3.63 4 0.08 EL 0.56 0.30 4 0.04 0.09 0.23 0.15

112 Off 47 17 EL 38.90 4.02 4 0.08 0.18 13.30 3.52 4 0.04 0.08 0.21 0.13

115 Off 50 17 EL 188.00 6.73 4 0.08 EL 0.81 0.27 4 0.04 0.11 0.28 0.15

118 Off 48 17 EL 32.00 4.50 4 0.08 0.58 3.96 1.94 4 0.04 0.07 0.38 0.20

122 Off 52 17 EL 93.60 13.70 12 0.23 0.93 77.30 9.90 12 0.15 -- 1.01 0.26

123 Off 43 17 EL 53.50 12.00 10 0.23 1.49 66.50 26.70 10 0.15 -- 0.99 0.36

124 Off 48 17 EL 89.60 21.20 12 0.23 1.14 82.30 20.70 12 0.15 -- 1.43 0.37

N 687 14 0 14 14 78 14 10 14 13 78 14 11 14 14

Min 17 BEL 31.90 3.63 0.08 0.18 0.26 0.05 0.04 0.01 0.21 0.13

Max 17 BEL 188.00 24.50 0.23 3.41 82.30 26.70 0.15 0.25 1.43 0.37

Median 17 -- 56.25 7.65 0.08 0.76 16.55 5.91 0.04 0.08 0.41 0.26

Mean 17 -- 68.44 10.45 0.11 1.20 25.99 8.05 0.064 0.09 0.55 0.25

StdDev 0 -- 44.36 7.55 0.06 1.15 29.27 8.29 0.047 0.065 0.35 0.07

ELc 0.91 0.16 0.18

Reference Carfagno and Farmer 1987

Effluent intake concentration 21.30 Effluent intake concentration 93.40 Effluent intake concentration 0.45

a. -- = no data; BEL = below environmental level; EL = environmental (activity concentration) level; LDL = lower detection limit at 95% confidence level; Min = minimum; Max = maximum; N = number of samples; 

StdDev = standard deviation.

b. EL indicates that “Min” and “Mean” values included as reported; however, these values should be interpreted as “BEL.”

c. EL values from sample location 119.

ATTACHMENT D

MOUND ENVIRONMENTAL AIR-SAMPLING DATA FOR 1973 TO 2002

Page 15 of 38
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 01 Effective Date: 02/07/2013 Page 84 of 106

Table D-15. Mound air monitoring data for 1987.

a

HTO incremental concentration (10-12 μCi/mL) Pu-238 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL) Pu-239, -240 concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean

211 On 51 16 ELb 95.00 28.20 12 0.3 29.70 141.00 79.00 12 0.14 0.24 2.35 0.83

212 On 51 16 EL 148.00 33.70 12 0.3 6.40 56.20 15.00 12 0.14 -- 0.75 0.28

213 On 51 16 EL 144 38.80 12 0.3 65.4 860 189 12 0.14 -- 3.43 0.7

214 On 51 16 EL 176 33.3 11 0.3 9.2 95.5 43.5 11 0.14 -- 0.73 0.29

215 On 47 16 EL 152.00 21.70 12 0.3 1.79 21.70 8.40 12 0.14 -- 0.60 0.19

N 251 5 0 5 5 59 5 5 5 5 59 5 1 5 5

Min 16 BEL 95.00 21.70 0.3 1.79 21.70 8.40 0.1 0.24 0.60 0.19

Max 16 BEL 176.00 38.80 0.3 65.40 860.00 189.00 0.1 0.24 3.43 0.83

Median 16 -- 148.00 33.30 0.3 9.20 95.50 43.50 0.1 -- 0.75 0.29

Mean 16 -- 143.00 31.14 0.3 22.50 234.88 66.98 0.1 -- 1.57 0.46

StdDev 0 -- 29.58 6.47 0.0 26.25 352.27 73.69 0.0 -- 1.26 0.29

101 Off 51 16 EL 258.00 29.20 4 0.05 0.11 12.70 4.10 4 0.02 0.07 0.30 0.17

102 Off 52 16 0.64 85.60 23.50 4 0.05 3.29 20.00 8.60 4 0.02 0.07 0.21 0.16

103 Off 52 16 EL 63.50 17.20 4 0.05 1.93 17.70 8.60 4 0.02 0.11 0.19 0.16

104 Off 48 16 EL 52.40 9.87 4 0.05 0.85 3.44 2.38 4 0.02 0.02 0.23 0.14

105 Off 50 16 EL 39.40 9.39 4 0.05 0.42 1.65 0.79 4 0.02 0.01 0.47 0.16

108 Off 48 16 EL 47.70 7.68 4 0.05 0.01 0.10 0.05 4 0.02 0.06 0.23 0.11

110 Off 51 16 EL 51.30 5.90 4 0.05 EL 0.32 0.03 4 0.02 -- 0.37 0.14

111 Off 52 16 EL 16.30 2.47 4 0.05 0.07 0.58 0.28 4 0.02 0.05 0.19 0.13

112 Off 52 16 EL 42.30 6.62 4 0.05 0.02 0.54 0.27 4 0.02 0.03 0.11 0.09

115 Off 52 16 EL 31.70 2.79 4 0.05 0.07 0.13 0.02 4 0.02 0.06 0.22 0.12

118 Off 50 16 EL 69.80 9.33 4 0.05 0.62 1.42 1.03 4 0.02 0.06 0.18 0.11

122 Off 49 16 EL 45.20 8.14 12 0.34 0.27 10.60 5.28 12 0.14 -- 0.71 0.14

123 Off 48 16 EL 261.00 24.60 10 0.34 2.49 41.60 10.70 11 0.14 -- 1.36 0.25

124 Off 48 16 EL 75.20 23.30 12 0.34 2.44 172.10 22.00 12 0.14 -- 0.73 0.24

N 703 14 1 14 14 78 14 13 14 14 79 14 10 14 14

Min 16 0.64 16.30 2.47 0.05 0.01 0.10 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.11 0.09

Max 16 0.64 261.00 29.20 0.34 3.29 172.10 22.00 0.14 0.11 1.36 0.25

Median 16 -- 51.85 9.36 0.05 0.42 2.55 1.71 0.02 0.06 0.23 0.14

Mean 16 -- 81.39 12.86 0.11 0.97 20.21 4.58 0.046 0.054 0.39 0.15

StdDev 0 -- 77.53 8.88 0.12 1.15 45.27 6.23 0.051 0.0288 0.34 0.05

ELc -- 0.07 0.13

Reference Carfagno and Farmer 1988

Effluent intake concentration 33.30 Effluent intake concentration 43.50 Effluent intake concentration 0.22

a. -- = no data; BEL = below environmental level; EL = environmental (activity concentration) level; LDL = lower detection limit at 95% confidence level; Min = minimum; Max = maximum; N = number of samples; 

StdDev = standard deviation.

b. EL indicates that “Min” and “Mean” values included as reported; however, these values should be interpreted as “BEL.”

c. EL values from sample location 119.

ATTACHMENT D

MOUND ENVIRONMENTAL AIR-SAMPLING DATA FOR 1973 TO 2002

Page 16 of 38
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 01 Effective Date: 02/07/2013 Page 85 of 106

Table D-16. Mound air monitoring data for 1988.

a

HTO incremental concentration (10-12 μCi/mL) Pu-238 incremental concentration (10-18μCi/mL) Pu-239, -240 concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean

211 On 50 13 ELb 147.00 20.80 12 0.3 9.00 313.00 80.00 12 0.2 -- 2.90 0.80

212 On 51 13 1.4 81.10 24.10 12 0.3 2.00 85.00 13.00 12 0.2 -- 0.80 0.20

213 On 51 13 2.3 502 40.60 12 0.3 21 146 61 12 0.2 -- 1.30 0.6

214 On 51 13 EL 165 24.5 11 0.3 5 354 58 11 0.2 -- 1.10 0.4

215 On 52 13 EL 189.00 22.20 12 0.3 1.00 19.00 6.00 12 0.2 -- 0.70 0.30

N 255 5 2 5 5 59 5 5 5 5 59 5 0 5 5

Min 13 1.40 81.10 20.80 0.3 1.00 19.00 6.00 0.2 BEL 0.70 0.20

Max 13 2.30 502.00 40.60 0.3 21.00 354.00 80.00 0.2 BEL 2.90 0.80

Median 13 1.85 165.00 24.10 0.3 5.00 146.00 58.00 0.2 -- 1.10 0.40

Mean 13 1.85 216.82 26.44 0.3 7.60 183.40 43.60 0.2 -- 1.36 0.46

StdDev 0 0.64 164.38 8.05 0.0 8.11 144.92 32.35 0.0 -- 0.89 0.24

101 Off 52 13 EL 109.00 13.30 4 0.1 0.1 2.40 1.40 4 0.2 0.2 0.80 0.40

102 Off 52 13 EL 42.10 14.50 4 0.1 1.70 20.40 8.20 4 0.2 0.2 0.30 0.20

103 Off 51 13 EL 163.00 16.20 4 0.1 1.60 31.10 13.30 4 0.2 0.2 0.60 0.40

104 Off 52 13 EL 60.50 10.70 4 0.1 0.20 4.70 2.40 4 0.2 0.03 0.40 0.20

105 Off 52 13 EL 25.40 5.70 4 0.1 EL 0.60 0.30 4 0.2 0.1 0.90 0.40

108 Off 50 13 EL 33.10 4.90 4 0.1 EL 0.20 0.00 4 0.2 0.1 0.20 0.20

110 Off 51 13 EL 12.60 1.50 4 0.1 EL EL EL 4 0.2 0.1 0.20 0.10

111 Off 51 13 EL 17.80 1.20 4 0.1 EL 0.70 0.30 4 0.2 0.2 0.30 0.20

112 Off 52 13 EL 53.90 5.10 4 0.1 EL 0.30 0.10 4 0.2 0.1 0.20 0.10

115 Off 52 13 EL 13.20 1.10 4 0.1 EL 0.40 EL 4 0.2 0.2 0.40 0.30

118 Off 51 13 EL 34.20 5.50 4 0.1 0.40 1.90 1.10 4 0.2 0.1 0.30 0.20

122 Off 50 13 EL 107.00 15.80 12 0.3 0.50 20.20 7.50 12 0.02 -- 0.60 0.20

123 Off 52 13 EL 241.00 21.40 11 0.3 0.50 20.50 8.00 11 0.02 -- 0.40 0.10

124 Off 50 13 EL 100.00 17.00 12 0.3 2.40 16.30 7.10 12 0.02 -- 0.50 0.20

N 718 14 0 14 14 79 14 8 13 12 79 14 11 14 14

Min 13 BEL 12.60 1.10 0.1 0.1 0.20 0.00 0.02 0.03 0.20 0.10

Max 13 BEL 241.00 21.40 0.3 2.4 31.10 13.30 0.2 0.2 0.90 0.40

Median 13 -- 48.00 8.20 0.1 0.50 2.40 1.90 0.2 0.1 0.40 0.20

Mean 13 -- 72.34 9.56 0.14 0.93 9.21 4.14 0.16 0.14 0.44 0.23

StdDev 0 -- 65.99 6.78 0.09 0.85 10.83 4.45 0.08 0.06 0.22 0.11

ELc 2 0.2 0.2

Reference Carfagno and Farmer 1989

Effluent intake concentration 24.10 Effluent intake concentration 58.00 Effluent intake concentration 0.20

a. -- = no data; BEL = below environmental level; EL = environmental (activity concentration) level; LDL = lower detection limit at 95% confidence level; Min = minimum; Max = maximum; N = number of samples; 

StdDev = standard deviation.

b. EL indicates that “Min” and “Mean” values included as reported; however, these values should be interpreted as “BEL.”

c. EL values from sample location 119.

ATTACHMENT D

MOUND ENVIRONMENTAL AIR-SAMPLING DATA FOR 1973 TO 2002

Page 17 of 38
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 01 Effective Date: 02/07/2013 Page 86 of 106

Table D-17. Mound air monitoring data for 1989.

a

HTO incremental concentration (10-12 μCi/mL) Pu-238 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL) Pu-239, -240 concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean

211 On 50 29 0.2 179.00 25.00 12 0.3 2.00 107.00 23.00 12 0.1 -- 1.10 0.30

212 On 50 29 ELb 173.00 28.00 12 0.3 EL 8.00 3.00 12 0.1 -- 1.20 0.20

213 On 51 29 8 138 31.00 12 0.3 12 263 46 12 0.1 -- 2.90 0.6

214 On 50 29 1 98 24 12 0.3 3 57 15 12 0.1 -- 2.80 0.4

215 On 51 29 EL 83.00 22.00 12 0.3 1.00 15.00 4.00 12 0.1 -- 0.50 0.10

N 252 5 3 5 5 60 5 4 5 5 60 5 0 5 5

Min 29 0.20 83.00 22.00 0.3 1.00 8.00 3.00 0.1 BEL 0.50 0.10

Max 29 8.00 179.00 31.00 0.3 12.00 263.00 46.00 0.1 BEL 2.90 0.60

Median 29 1.00 138.00 25.00 0.3 2.50 57.00 15.00 0.1 -- 1.20 0.30

Mean 29 3.07 134.20 26.00 0.3 4.50 90.00 18.20 0.1 -- 1.70 0.32

StdDev 0 4.29 43.18 3.54 0.0 5.07 104.47 17.60 0.0 -- 1.08 0.19

101 Off 53 29 EL 36.00 13.00 4 0.1 0.2 0.70 0.50 4 0.03 -- 0.20 0.09

102 Off 52 29 EL 106.00 19.00 4 0.1 0.90 2.50 1.60 4 0.03 -- 0.30 0.10

103 Off 51 29 EL 47.00 12.00 4 0.1 0.80 2.30 1.60 4 0.03 0.03 0.20 0.10

104 Off 53 29 EL 37.00 10.00 4 0.1 0.20 1.00 0.70 4 0.03 -- 0.10 0.08

105 Off 52 29 EL 32.00 6.00 4 0.1 0.20 1.50 0.50 4 0.03 -- 0.30 0.10

108 Off 52 29 EL 14.00 2.00 4 0.1 EL 0.10 EL 4 0.03 0.08 0.10 0.09

110 Off 52 29 EL 13.00 2.00 4 0.1 EL 0.20 EL 4 0.03 -- 0.10 0.03

111 Off 53 29 EL 19.00 2.00 4 0.1 0.10 0.50 0.20 4 0.03 0.04 1.00 0.30

112 Off 53 29 EL 204.00 10.00 4 0.1 EL 0.30 0.20 4 0.03 0.05 0.30 0.10

115 Off 53 29 EL 22.00 2.00 4 0.1 EL 0.10 EL 4 0.03 0.05 0.20 0.10

118 Off 53 29 EL 22.00 6.00 4 0.1 0.10 1.00 0.60 4 0.03 -- 0.30 0.10

122 Off 53 29 EL 68.00 12.00 12 0.3 0.60 8.30 2.40 12 0.1 -- 0.70 0.20

123 Off 53 29 EL 79.00 17.00 12 0.3 1.00 8.10 3.80 12 0.1 -- 0.30 0.04

124 Off 53 29 EL 51.00 14.00 12 0.3 1.30 7.80 3.90 12 0.1 -- 1.20 0.08

N 736 14 0 14 14 80 14 10 14 11 80 14 5 14 14

Min 29 BEL 13.00 2.00 0.1 0.1 0.10 0.20 0.03 0.03 0.10 0.03

Max 29 BEL 204.00 19.00 0.3 1.3 8.30 3.90 0.1 0.08 1.20 0.30

Median 29 -- 36.50 10.00 0.1 0.40 1.00 0.70 0.03 0.05 0.30 0.10

Mean 29 -- 53.57 9.07 0.14 0.54 2.46 1.45 0.045 0.05 0.38 0.11

StdDev 0 -- 50.94 5.81 0.09 0.44 3.13 1.37 0.03 0.0187 0.34 0.07

ELc 0.9 0.04 0.1

Reference Carfagno and Farmer 1990

Effluent intake concentration 25.00 Effluent intake concentration 15.00 Effluent intake concentration 0.30

a. -- = no data; BEL = below environmental level; EL = environmental (activity concentration) level; LDL = lower detection limit at 95% confidence level; Min = minimum; Max = maximum; N = number of samples; 

StdDev = standard deviation.

b. EL indicates that “Min” and “Mean” values included as reported; however, these values should be interpreted as “BEL.”

c. EL values from sample location 119.

ATTACHMENT D

MOUND ENVIRONMENTAL AIR-SAMPLING DATA FOR 1973 TO 2002

Page 18 of 38
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 01 Effective Date: 02/07/2013 Page 87 of 106

Table D-18. Mound air monitoring data for 1990.

a,b

HTO incremental concentration (10-12 μCi/mL) Pu-238 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL) Pu-239, -240 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean

211 On 52 29 0.54 222.36 18.57 12 0.5 5.53 89.58 16.43 12 0.4 -0.43 0.38 0.07

212 On 52 29 1.44 49.70 15.72 12 0.5 1.49 9.69 4.32 12 0.4 -0.24 0.51 0.10

213 On 52 29 0.87 125 38.39 12 0.5 9.47 79.44 35.04 12 0.4 0.05 0.84 0.28

214 On 50 29 -1.44 154.3 20.7 12 0.5 2.24 12.93 5.64 12 0.4 -0.04 0.48 0.04

215 On 52 29 -2.54 72.45 15.21 12 0.5 0.55 3.86 1.83 12 0.4 -0.18 0.12 -0.02

N 258 5 5 5 5 60 5 5 5 5 60 5 5 5 5

Min 29 -2.54 49.70 15.21 0.5 0.55 3.86 1.83 0.4 -0.43 0.12 -0.02

Max 29 1.44 222.36 38.39 0.5 9.47 89.58 35.04 0.4 0.05 0.84 0.28

Median 29 0.54 125.04 18.57 0.5 2.24 12.93 5.64 0.4 -0.18 0.48 0.07

Mean 29 -0.23 124.77 21.71 0.5 3.86 39.10 12.65 0.4 -0.17 0.47 0.09

StdDev 0 1.69 68.50 9.58 0.0 3.66 41.73 13.70 0.0 0.19 0.26 0.11

101 Off 51 29 -2.48 32.02 12.25 4 0.1 0.28 1.17 0.57 4 0.1 -0.06 0.05 0.01

102 Off 52 29 1.82 59.33 14.50 4 0.1 1.75 3.54 2.67 4 0.1 -0.01 0.03 0.00

103 Off 52 29 -1.07 28.61 9.03 4 0.1 1.45 149.28 39.47 4 0.1 -0.02 0.42 0.15

104 Off 52 29 -6.19 35.99 7.19 4 0.1 0.34 0.92 0.55 4 0.1 -0.08 -0.01 -0.04

105 Off 52 29 -2.48 25.69 3.62 4 0.1 0.10 0.46 0.26 4 0.1 0.03 0.12 0.06

108 Off 52 29 -8.94 13.86 2.62 4 0.1 -0.05 0.24 0.06 4 0.1 -0.02 0.06 0.02

110 Off 52 29 -6.39 12.90 0.88 4 0.1 -0.04 0.15 0.05 4 0.1 -0.1 0.04 -0.02

111 Off 52 29 -6.79 12.25 1.05 4 0.1 -0.03 0.30 0.12 4 0.1 0.02 0.08 0.06

112 Off 51 29 -5.53 21.68 4.44 4 0.1 -0.04 0.16 0.07 4 0.1 -0.01 0.02 0.01

115 Off 52 29 -6.21 11.69 0.82 4 0.1 -0.25 0.15 -0.05 4 0.1 -0.02 0.12 0.04

118 Off 52 29 -7.56 22.22 3.57 4 0.1 -0.06 4.83 1.48 12 0.4 -0.02 0.05 0.02

122 Off 50 29 -3.83 52.00 6.95 12 0.5 0.52 5.79 1.58 12 0.4 -0.41 0.24 -0.07

123 Off 51 29 -2.89 38.43 7.51 12 0.5 0.85 18.50 4.18 12 0.4 -0.12 0.52 0.06

124 Off 51 29 -3.56 39.50 8.16 12 0.5 -0.25 14.16 3.85 12 0.4 -0.39 0.28 -0.01

N 722 14 14 14 14 80 14 14 14 14 88 14 14 14 14

Min 29 -8.94 11.69 0.82 0.1 -0.25 0.15 -0.05 0.1 -0.41 -0.01 -0.07

Max 29 1.82 59.33 14.50 0.5 1.75 149.28 39.47 0.4 0.03 0.52 0.15

Median 29 -4.68 27.15 5.70 0.1 0.04 1.05 0.56 0.1 -0.02 0.07 0.02

Mean 29 -4.436 29.01 5.90 0.19 0.33 14.26 3.92 0.186 -0.0864 0.14 0.02

StdDev 0 2.8886 14.90 4.23 0.17 0.62 39.27 10.33 0.141 0.1395 0.16 0.05

EL 2.63 0.06 0.07

Reference EG&G and SAIC 1991

Effluent intake concentration 18.60 Effluent intake concentration 5.64 Effluent intake concentration 0.07

a. -- = no data; EL = environmental (activity concentration) level; LDL = lower detection limit at 95% confidence level; Min = minimum; Max = maximum; N = number of samples; StdDev = standard deviation.

b. Negative “Min” values included as reported; however, these values should be interpreted as “BEL.”

ATTACHMENT D

MOUND ENVIRONMENTAL AIR-SAMPLING DATA FOR 1973 TO 2002

Page 19 of 38
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 01 Effective Date: 02/07/2013 Page 88 of 106

Table D-19. Mound air monitoring data for 1991.

a,b

HTO incremental concentration (10-12 μCi/mL) Pu-238 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL) Pu-239, -240 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean

211 On 51 16 -0.35 42.41 11.65 12 0.7 4.90 49.72 15.73 12 0.3 -0.42 0.46 0.10

212 On 49 16 -4.93 54.88 13.05 11 0.7 1.29 9.16 4.92 11 0.3 -0.47 0.30 -0.04

213 On 50 16 10.04 112.61 38.91 12 0.7 12.14 69.36 34.23 12 0.3 -0.37 0.89 0.03

214 On 51 16 -3.06 28.69 9.97 12 0.7 2.27 24.65 7.7 12 0.3 -0.27 0.43 -0.05

215 On 51 16 -9.88 31.45 6.18 12 0.7 1.20 27.73 6.82 12 0.3 -0.34 0.17 -0.03

N 252 5 5 5 5 59 5 5 5 5 59 5 5 5 5

Min 16 -9.88 28.69 6.18 0.7 1.20 9.16 4.92 0.3 -0.47 0.17 -0.05

Max 16 10.04 112.61 38.91 0.7 12.14 69.36 34.23 0.3 -0.27 0.89 0.10

Median 16 -3.06 42.41 11.65 0.7 2.27 27.73 7.70 0.3 -0.37 0.43 -0.03

Mean 16 -1.64 54.01 15.95 0.7 4.36 36.12 13.88 0.3 -0.37 0.45 0.00

StdDev 0 7.40 34.35 13.09 0.0 4.60 23.55 12.10 0.0 0.08 0.27 0.06

101 Off 50 16 -5.46 31.14 6.85 4 0.2 0.2 0.73 0.42 4 0.1 -0.14 0.02 -0.05

102 Off 52 16 -11.16 27.79 8.27 4 0.2 0.58 2.88 1.77 4 0.1 -0.1 0.04 -0.05

103 Off 52 16 -13.2 20.20 5.83 4 0.2 1.05 3.51 2.50 4 0.1 -0.02 0.04 0.01

104 Off 52 16 -9.66 22.43 3.45 4 0.2 0.31 6.33 2.59 4 0.1 -0.07 0.03 -0.01

105 Off 52 16 -10.3 32.85 4.52 4 0.2 0.04 2.63 0.88 4 0.1 -0.05 0.03 -0.01

108 Off 52 16 -10.61 12.79 1.74 4 0.2 -0.18 0.05 -0.11 4 0.1 -0.04 0.04 -0.01

110 Off 52 16 -13.2 20.88 0.70 4 0.2 -0.45 0.10 -0.19 4 0.1 -0.01 0.08 0.03

111 Off 50 16 -11.34 11.42 0.44 4 0.2 -0.25 0.48 0.12 4 0.1 -0.28 0.10 -0.05

112 Off 51 16 -6.64 13.43 2.02 4 0.2 -0.18 0.72 0.06 4 0.1 -0.09 0.09 -0.04

115 Off 52 16 -12.7 12.93 0.58 4 0.2 -0.16 0.32 -0.01 4 0.1 -0.35 -0.02 -0.11

118 Off 52 16 -10.25 24.59 2.76 4 0.2 -0.07 5.05 1.50 4 0.1 -0.13 -0.01 -0.06

122 Off 51 16 -4.1 25.63 7.39 12 0.7 -0.52 2.77 1.34 12 0.3 -0.35 0.17 -0.08

123 Off 52 16 -4.21 74.37 9.06 12 0.7 -0.01 6.10 2.63 12 0.3 -0.3 0.33 0.01

124 Off 51 16 -12.85 40.50 6.93 12 0.7 0.01 50.58 10.01 12 0.3 -0.51 0.27 -0.02

N 721 14 14 14 14 80 14 14 14 14 80 14 14 14 14

Min 16 -13.2 11.42 0.44 0.2 -0.52 0.05 -0.19 0.1 -0.51 -0.02 -0.11

Max 16 -4.1 74.37 9.06 0.7 1.05 50.58 10.01 0.3 -0.01 0.33 0.03

Median 16 -10.46 23.51 3.99 0.2 -0.04 2.70 1.11 0.1 -0.115 0.04 -0.03

Mean 16 -9.691 26.50 4.32 0.31 0.03 5.88 1.68 0.143 -0.1743 0.09 -0.03

StdDev 0 3.2649 16.20 3.04 0.21 0.41 13.05 2.61 0.085 0.155 0.10 0.04

EL 1.85 0.24 0.1

Reference EG&G and SAIC 1992

Effluent intake concentration 11.65 Effluent intake concentration 7.70 Effluent intake concentration 0.00

a. -- = no data; EL = environmental (activity concentration) level; LDL = lower detection limit at 95% confidence level; Min = minimum; Max = maximum; N = number of samples; StdDev = standard deviation.

b. Negative “Min” values included as reported; however, these values should be interpreted as “BEL.”

ATTACHMENT D

MOUND ENVIRONMENTAL AIR-SAMPLING DATA FOR 1973 TO 2002

Page 20 of 38
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 01 Effective Date: 02/07/2013 Page 89 of 106

Table D-20. Mound air monitoring data for 1992.

a

HTO incremental concentration (10-12 μCi/mL) Pu-238 concentration (10-18 μCi/mL) Pu-239, -240 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Sample

s

LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean --

--

Samples LDL Min Max Mean

211 On 49 20 BEL 133.14 16.55 12 0.8 3.07 14.99 6.42 12 0.6 BEL 1.16 0.29

212 On 51 20 BEL 39.62 7.43 12 0.8 0.95 8.04 2.83 12 0.6 BEL 0.67 0.16

213 On 20 20 BEL 43.21 13.78 5 0.8 12.94 31.78 22.33 5 0.6 0.09 0.78 0.35

213R On 28 20 BEL 55.20 9.11 7 0.8 3.28 15.76 10.52 7 0.6 BEL 1.34 0.37

214 On 20 20 BEL 20.24 4.28 5 0.8 1.24 14.17 6.79 5 0.6 BEL 0.55 0.26

214R On 31 20 BEL 55.24 8.09 7 0.8 2.88 12.51 5.83 7 0.6 BEL 1.48 0.24

215 On 52 20 BEL 24.15 4.11 12 0.8 0.94 11.34 3.58 12 0.6 BEL 0.64 0.19

216 On 31 20 BEL 36.21 5.14 7 0.8 0.77 14.53 4.53 7 0.6 BEL 0.41 0.002

217 On 30 20 BEL 34.02 1.90 7 0.8 0.31 2.73 1.26 7 0.6 BEL 0.24 0.01

N 312 9 0 9 9 74 9 9 9 9 74 9 1 9 9

Min 20 BEL 20.24 1.90 0.8 0.31 2.73 1.26 0.6 0.09 0.24 0.00

Max 20 BEL 133.14 16.55 0.8 12.94 31.78 22.33 0.6 0.09 1.48 0.37

Median 20 -- 39.62 7.43 0.8 1.24 14.17 5.83 0.6 -- 0.67 0.24

Mean 20 -- 49.00 7.82 0.8 2.93 13.98 7.12 0.6 -- 0.81 0.21

StdDev 0 -- 33.75 4.77 0.0 3.91 7.84 6.30 0.0 -- 0.43 0.13

101 Off 52 20 BEL 43.97 6.57 4 0.5 BEL 0.70 0.32 4 0.04 BEL 0.13 0.05

102 Off 49 20 BEL 39.71 8.74 4 0.5 0.40 7.84 2.58 4 0.04 0.07 0.11 0.09

103 Off 50 20 BEL 35.53 4.32 4 0.5 1.05 2.62 1.77 4 0.04 BEL 0.06 BEL

104 Off 51 20 BEL 40.54 2.86 4 0.5 0.28 1.06 0.53 4 0.04 0.01 0.10 0.06

105 Off 52 20 BEL 33.89 3.84 4 0.5 BEL 0.58 0.27 4 0.04 BEL 0.08 0.02

108 Off 52 20 BEL 25.69 0.27 4 0.5 BEL 1.92 0.41 4 0.04 BEL 0.08 0.03

110 Off 51 20 BEL 34.80 0.07 4 0.5 BEL 1.26 0.24 4 0.04 BEL 0.08 0.03

111 Off 51 20 BEL 18.01 BEL 4 0.5 BEL 0.72 0.17 4 0.04 BEL 0.03 0.01

112 Off 52 20 BEL 25.78 BEL 4 0.5 BEL 1.01 0.46 4 0.04 BEL 0.01 BEL

115 Off 48 20 BEL 17.61 BEL 4 0.5 0.04 0.24 0.12 4 0.04 BEL 0.13 0.03

118 Off 52 20 BEL 31.80 1.66 4 0.5 0.11 1.67 0.68 4 0.04 BEL 0.04 BEL

122 Off 51 20 BEL 27.83 3.31 12 0.8 0.37 2.13 0.96 12 0.6 BEL 0.40 0.11

123 Off 51 20 BEL 45.66 6.33 12 0.8 1.09 4.81 2.55 12 0.6 BEL 1.32 0.17

124 Off 50 20 BEL 59.39 5.65 12 0.8 0.46 19.67 4.38 12 0.6 BEL 1.36 0.15

N 712 14 0 14 11 80 14 8 14 14 80 14 2 14 11

Min 20 BEL 17.61 0.07 0.5 0.04 0.24 0.12 0.04 0.01 0.01 0.01

Max 20 BEL 59.39 8.74 0.8 1.09 19.67 4.38 0.6 0.07 1.36 0.17

Median 20 -- 34.35 3.84 0.5 0.39 1.47 0.50 0.04 0.04 0.09 0.05

Mean 20 -- 34.30 3.97 0.56 0.48 3.30 1.10 0.16 0.04 0.28 0.07

StdDev 0 -- 11.30 2.72 0.13 0.39 5.13 1.26 0.238 0.0424 0.46 0.05

EL 6.59 -- 0.05

Reference Bauer 1993

Effluent intake concentration 7.43 Effluent intake concentration 5.83 Effluent intake concentration 0.24

a. -- = no data; BEL = below environmental level; EL = environmental (activity concentration) level; LDL = lower detection limit at 95% confidence level; Min = minimum; Max = maximum; N = number of samples; 

StdDev = standard deviation.

ATTACHMENT D

MOUND ENVIRONMENTAL AIR-SAMPLING DATA FOR 1973 TO 2002

Page 21 of 38
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 01 Effective Date: 02/07/2013 Page 90 of 106

Table D-21. Mound air monitoring data for 1993.

a

HTO incremental concentration (10-12 μCi/mL) Pu-238 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL) Pu-239, -240 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Location Samples LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean

211 On 50 19 BEL 205.40 6.76 12 0.2 2.16 13.11 6.04 12 0.2 BEL 1.78 0.38

212 On 50 19 BEL 192.47 5.45 12 0.2 1.21 24.57 8.51 12 0.2 BEL 1.82 0.58

213R On 52 19 BEL 183.54 4.43 12 0.2 10.86 86.49 41.45 12 0.2 0.17 4.18 1.33

214R On 51 19 BEL 223.44 3.88 12 0.2 1.03 18.54 7.10 12 0.2 BEL 1.12 0.39

215 On 52 19 BEL 179.96 1.20 12 0.2 1.41 6.60 3.41 12 0.2 BEL 0.96 0.30

216 On 52 19 BEL 195.66 1.31 12 0.2 2.35 117.49 21.61 12 0.2 0.08 6.60 1.15

217 On 51 19 BEL 186.20 BEL 12 0.2 0.58 12.93 2.78 12 0.2 BEL 1.26 0.26

N 358 7 0 7 6 84 7 7 7 7 84 7 2 7 7

Min 19 BEL 179.96 1.20 0.2 0.58 6.60 2.78 0.2 0.08 0.96 0.26

Max 19 BEL 223.44 6.76 0.2 10.86 117.49 41.45 0.2 0.17 6.60 1.33

Median 19 -- 192.47 4.16 0.2 1.41 18.54 7.10 0.2 0.13 1.78 0.39

Mean 19 -- 195.24 3.84 0.2 2.80 39.96 12.99 0.2 0.13 2.53 0.63

StdDev 0 -- 15.05 2.23 0.0 3.61 43.66 14.04 0.0 0.06 2.10 0.43

101 Off 51 19 BEL 188.92 3.38 4 0.06 0.65 24.08 7.01 4 0.08 BEL 0.05 BEL

102 Off 51 19 BEL 202.45 4.40 4 0.06 1.51 7.63 3.76 4 0.08 0.03 0.30 0.19

103 Off 50 19 BEL 226.90 1.19 4 0.06 1.66 4.56 3.22 4 0.08 BEL 0.34 0.12

104 Off 51 19 BEL 201.15 BEL 4 0.06 0.56 6.63 2.19 4 0.08 0.01 0.63 0.19

105 Off 49 19 BEL 217.19 BEL 4 0.06 0.48 1.76 1.19 3 0.08 BEL 0.18 0.10

108 Off 51 19 BEL 252.41 BEL 4 0.06 BEL 0.06 BEL 4 0.08 0.03 0.41 0.15

110 Off 51 19 BEL 210.32 BEL 4 0.06 BEL 0.04 BEL 4 0.08 BEL 0.75 0.14

111 Off 51 19 BEL 264.65 BEL 4 0.06 0.02 0.48 0.15 4 0.08 BEL 0.06 0.03

112 Off 50 19 BEL 199.57 BEL 4 0.06 0.06 0.31 0.18 4 0.08 0.03 0.08 0.05

115 Off 51 19 BEL 218.53 BEL 4 0.06 BEL 0.58 0.11 4 0.08 BEL 0.08 0.03

118 Off 49 19 BEL 203.49 1.29 4 0.06 0.63 3.28 1.95 4 0.08 BEL 0.38 0.08

122 Off 51 19 BEL 227.59 1.15 12 0.2 0.29 2.53 1.07 12 0.2 BEL 0.71 0.15

123 Off 52 19 BEL 545.60 4.82 12 0.2 2.00 12.13 5.90 12 0.2 BEL 0.77 0.24

124 Off 50 19 BEL 176.27 2.00 12 0.2 0.62 27.55 6.52 12 0.2 BEL 0.51 0.22

N 708 14 0 14 7 80 14 11 14 12 79 14 4 14 13

Min 19 BEL 176.27 1.15 0.06 0.02 0.04 0.11 0.08 0.01 0.05 0.03

Max 19 BEL 545.60 4.82 0.20 2.00 27.55 7.01 0.20 0.03 0.77 0.24

Median 19 -- 213.76 2.00 0.06 0.62 2.91 2.07 0.08 0.03 0.36 0.14

Mean 19 -- 238.22 2.60 0.09 0.77 6.54 2.77 0.11 0.03 0.38 0.13

StdDev 0 -- 91.51 1.58 0.06 0.66 8.90 2.52 0.05 0.01 0.27 0.07

EL 12.2 0.07 0.09

Reference EG&G 1994

Effluent intake concentration 4.16 Effluent intake concentration 7.10 Effluent intake concentration 0.39

a. -- = no data; BEL = below environmental level; EL = environmental (activity concentration) level; LDL = lower detection limit at 95% confidence level; Min = minimum; Max = maximum; N = number of samples; 

StdDev = standard deviation.

ATTACHMENT D

MOUND ENVIRONMENTAL AIR-SAMPLING DATA FOR 1973 TO 2002

Page 22 of 38
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 01 Effective Date: 02/07/2013 Page 91 of 106

Table D-22. Mound air monitoring data for 1994.

a

HTO incremental concentration (10-12 μCi/mL) Pu-238 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL) Pu-239, -240 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Locationb Samples LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean

211 On 51 35 BEL 44.27 7.54 12 0.12 2.40 23.56 8.28 12 0.2 BEL 1.31 0.44

211T On -- -- -- -- -- 12 0.12 1.76 15.78 6.63 12 0.2 BEL 1.47 0.34

212 On 50 28 BEL 47.88 4.82 12 0.12 1.85 18.17 7.21 12 0.2 BEL 0.92 0.26

212T On -- -- -- -- -- 12 0.12 3.07 17.16 7.37 12 0.2 BEL 0.73 0.25

213R On 50 28 BEL 24.29 3.55 12 0.12 29.57 1,994.6 354.26 12 0.2 0.06 14.14 3.50

213RT On -- -- -- -- -- 12 0.12 8.64 1,292.2 259.65 12 0.2 0.47 6.71 2.14

214R On 48 28 BEL 30.75 4.29 12 0.12 2.52 11.22 5.55 12 0.2 BEL 1.05 0.32

214RT On -- -- -- -- -- 12 0.12 1.85 11.27 5.50 12 0.2 BEL 1.02 0.30

215 On 48 28 BEL 26.40 3.69 12 0.12 0.20 5.20 2.56 12 0.2 BEL 0.71 0.17

215T On -- -- -- -- -- 12 0.12 0.85 73.19 9.17 12 0.2 BEL 1.76 0.28

216 On 49 28 BEL 23.71 1.97 12 0.12 0.64 30.53 11.27 12 0.2 BEL 1.19 0.42

216T On -- -- -- -- -- 12 0.12 1.05 29.99 8.36 12 0.2 BEL 0.92 0.35

217 On 49 28 BEL 42.48 2.11 12 0.12 0.40 6.89 2.59 12 0.2 BEL 0.84 0.15

217T On -- -- -- -- -- 12 0.12 0.20 21.90 4.28 12 0.2 BEL 0.30 0.10

N 345 7 0 7 7 168 14 14 14 14 168 14 2 14 14

Min 28 BEL 23.71 1.97 0.12 0.2 5.20 2.56 0.2 0.06 0.30 0.10

Max 35 BEL 47.88 7.54 0.12 29.57 1994.60 354.26 0.2 0.47 14.14 3.50

Median 28 -- 30.75 3.69 0.12 1.805 20.04 7.29 0.2 0.265 1.04 0.31

Mean 29 -- 34.25 4.00 0.12 3.92857 253.69 49.48 0.2 0.265 2.36 0.64

StdDev 2.65 -- 10.31 1.88 0 7.68072 604.89 110.68 3E-09 0.2899 3.73 0.96

101 Off 48 23 BEL 61.51 5.96 4 0.03 0.52 1.27 0.81 4 0.05 0.10 0.38 0.19

102 Off 50 23 BEL 28.22 4.90 4 0.03 1.96 6.92 4.42 4 0.05 BEL 0.74 0.32

103 Off 50 23 BEL 26.34 2.14 4 0.03 1.68 7.63 3.60 4 0.05 BEL 0.12 0.04

104 Off 52 23 BEL 26.31 1.98 4 0.03 0.82 3.51 1.85 4 0.05 BEL 0.08 0.03

105 Off 51 23 BEL 25.35 1.25 4 0.03 0.11 0.43 0.32 4 0.05 BEL 0.05 0.01

108 Off 50 23 BEL 34.27 0.74 4 0.03 BEL 2.10 0.60 4 0.05 0.03 0.95 0.28

110 Off 50 23 BEL 23.85 0.52 4 0.03 BEL 0.34 0.07 4 0.05 BEL 0.13 0.05

111 Off 48 23 BEL 29.03 BEL 4 0.03 0.11 0.20 0.16 4 0.05 BEL 0.60 0.18

112 Off 50 23 BEL 36.66 2.09 4 0.03 0.16 0.39 0.26 4 0.05 BEL 0.15 0.04

115 Off 51 23 BEL 28.99 0.75 4 0.03 0.05 0.14 0.10 4 0.05 BEL 0.16 0.05

118 Off 48 23 BEL 28.98 0.75 4 0.03 0.66 1.10 0.86 4 0.05 BEL 0.26 0.06

122 Off 51 23 BEL 35.15 3.37 12 0.12 0.32 2.20 1.37 12 0.2 BEL 0.32 0.11

123 Off 50 23 BEL 33.36 5.65 12 0.12 1.48 8.40 4.12 12 0.2 BEL 0.83 0.21

124 Off 50 23 BEL 40.51 8.09 12 0.12 2.44 47.32 13.19 12 0.2 BEL 1.61 0.44

N 699 14 0 14 13 80 14 12 14 14 80 14 2 14 14

Min 23 BEL 23.85 0.52 0.03 0.05 0.14 0.07 0.05 0.03 0.05 0.01

Max 23 BEL 61.51 8.09 0.12 2.44 47.32 13.19 0.20 0.10 1.61 0.44

Median 23 -- 29.01 2.09 0.03 0.59 1.69 0.84 0.05 0.07 0.29 0.09

Mean 23 -- 32.75 2.94 0.05 0.86 5.85 2.27 0.08 0.07 0.46 0.14

StdDev 0 -- 9.57 2.46 0.04 0.82 12.28 3.50 0.06 0.05 0.45 0.13

EL 3.22 0.05 0.07

Reference EG&G 1995b

Effluent intake concentration 3.69 Effluent intake concentration 7.29 Effluent intake concentration 0.31

a. -- = no data; BEL = below environmental level; EL = environmental (activity concentration) level; LDL = lower detection limit at 95% confidence level; Min = minimum; Max = maximum; N = number of samples; 

StdDev = standard deviation.

b. T indicates 2-m sampling height.

ATTACHMENT D

MOUND ENVIRONMENTAL AIR-SAMPLING DATA FOR 1973 TO 2002

Page 23 of 38
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 01 Effective Date: 02/07/2013 Page 92 of 106

Table D-23. Mound air monitoring data for 1995.

a

HTO incremental concentration (10-12 μCi/mL) Pu-238 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL) Pu-239, -240 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Locationb Samples LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean

211 On 52 26 BEL 25.08 3.35 12 0.86 2.49 35.96 9.88 12 0.6 BEL 0.75 0.16

211T On -- -- -- -- -- 12 0.86 1.11 37.39 8.68 12 0.6 BEL 0.47 0.01

212 On 51 23 BEL 20.27 2.70 12 0.86 0.90 11.42 4.95 12 0.6 BEL 1.08 0.03

212T On -- -- -- -- -- 12 0.86 BEL 13.22 3.21 12 0.6 BEL 0.71 0.03

213R On 50 23 BEL 21.36 2.11 12 0.86 17.04 2,430.5 326.87 12 0.6 BEL 7.15 0.97

213RT On -- -- -- -- -- 12 0.86 14.36 1,881.1 264.60 12 0.6 BEL 6.86 1.58

214R On 50 23 BEL 20.20 2.38 12 0.86 1.53 27.15 6.57 12 0.6 BEL 3.61 0.45

214RT On -- -- -- -- -- 12 0.86 0.31 7.75 4.54 12 0.6 BEL 0.73 0.08

215 On 52 23 BEL 20.85 0.83 12 0.86 BEL 49.38 5.40 12 0.6 BEL 1.04 0.04

215T On -- -- -- -- -- 12 0.86 BEL 5.6 2.26 12 0.6 BEL 0.38 BEL

216 On 52 23 BEL 18.38 0.43 12 0.86 BEL 69.95 15.33 12 0.6 BEL 2.77 0.37

216T On -- -- -- -- -- 12 0.86 BEL 107.41 13.50 12 0.6 BEL 1.08 BEL

217 On 49 23 BEL 15.28 0.42 12 0.86 BEL 7.59 1.95 12 0.6 BEL 0.80 BEL

217T On -- -- -- -- -- 12 0.86 BEL 9.80 1.64 12 0.6 BEL 0.34 BEL

N 356 7 0 7 7 168 14 7 14 14 168 14 0 14 10

Min 23 BEL 15.28 0.42 0.86 0.31 5.60 1.64 0.6 BEL 0.34 0.01

Max 26 BEL 25.08 3.35 0.86 17.04 2430.50 326.87 0.6 BEL 7.15 1.58

Median 23 -- 20.27 2.11 0.86 1.53 31.56 5.99 0.6 -- 0.92 0.12

Mean 23.4 -- 20.20 1.75 0.86 5.39 335.30 47.81 0.6 -- 1.98 0.37

StdDev 1.1 -- 2.98 1.18 0.00 7.12 779.29 105.82 0.0 -- 2.32 0.52

101 Off 53 18 BEL 24.87 2.83 4 0.07 0.16 0.74 0.40 4 0.1 BEL 0.13 0.01

102 Off 50 18 BEL 23.35 2.37 4 0.07 1.55 4.07 2.28 4 0.1 BEL 0.37 0.13

103 Off 52 18 BEL 17.80 0.69 4 0.07 0.61 5.31 2.48 4 0.1 BEL 0.30 0.12

104 Off 53 18 BEL 22.00 0.50 4 0.07 0.05 0.73 0.45 4 0.1 BEL 0.68 0.23

105 Off 51 18 BEL 19.13 1.01 4 0.07 0.06 11.36 3.37 4 0.1 BEL 0.39 0.16

108 Off 53 18 BEL 23.16 BEL 4 0.07 BEL 0.20 0.03 4 0.1 BEL 0.16 BEL

110 Off 50 18 BEL 9.13 BEL 4 0.07 BEL 0.16 0.04 4 0.1 0.01 0.16 0.09

111 Off 53 18 BEL 16.45 BEL 4 0.07 BEL 0.11 0.03 4 0.1 BEL 0.05 BEL

112 Off 51 18 BEL 22.01 BEL 4 0.07 BEL 2.19 0.72 4 0.1 BEL 0.23 0.07

115 Off 50 18 BEL 13.66 BEL 4 0.07 0.05 0.35 0.20 4 0.1 BEL 0.24 0.11

118 Off 53 18 BEL 23.88 1.00 4 0.07 0.12 3.20 1.51 4 0.1 BEL 0.18 0.02

122 Off 34 18 BEL 21.69 0.20 9 0.86 BEL 6.79 1.26 9 0.6 BEL 1.12 BEL

123 Off 52 18 BEL 23.62 3.57 12 0.86 0.35 6.77 2.82 12 0.6 BEL 0.44 BEL

124 Off 50 18 BEL 40.05 4.27 12 0.86 0.46 20.46 6.19 12 0.6 BEL 1.41 0.16

N 705 14 0 14 9 77 14 9 14 14 77 14 1 14 10

Min 18 BEL 9.13 0.20 0.07 0.05 0.11 0.03 0.1 0.01 0.05 0.01

Max 18 BEL 40.05 4.27 0.86 1.55 20.46 6.19 0.6 0.01 1.41 0.23

Median 18 -- 22.01 1.01 0.07 0.16 2.70 0.99 0.1 -- 0.27 0.12

Mean 18 -- 21.49 1.83 0.24 0.38 4.46 1.56 0.2 -- 0.42 0.11

StdDev 0 -- 6.97 1.47 0.34 0.48 5.70 1.75 0.2 -- 0.40 0.07

EL BEL 4.61 BEL 0.04 BEL 0.04

Reference EG&G 1996

Effluent intake concentration 2.11 Effluent intake concentration 5.99 Effluent intake concentration 0.12

a. -- = no data; BEL = below environmental level; EL = environmental (activity concentration) level; LDL = lower detection limit at 95% confidence level; Min = minimum; Max = maximum; N = number of samples; 

StdDev = standard deviation.

b. T indicates 2-m sampling height.

ATTACHMENT D

MOUND ENVIRONMENTAL AIR-SAMPLING DATA FOR 1973 TO 2002

Page 24 of 38
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 01 Effective Date: 02/07/2013 Page 93 of 106

Table D-24. Mound air monitoring data for 1996.

a

HTO incremental concentration (10-12 μCi/mL) Pu-238 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL) Pu-239, -240 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Locationb Samples LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean

211 On 52 35 BEL 32.51 9.43 12 0.5 2.34 13.28 5.42 12 0.4 BEL 0.52 BEL

211T On -- -- -- -- -- 12 0.5 1.50 12.68 4.27 12 0.4 BEL 0.62 BEL

212 On 51 30 BEL 114.80 9.12 12 0.5 1.37 20.01 5.76 12 0.4 BEL 1.00 0.001

212T On -- -- -- -- -- 12 0.5 0.78 10.42 4.05 12 0.4 BEL 0.12 BEL

213R On 50 30 BEL 50.07 9.16 12 0.5 33.35 216.55 89.12 12 0.4 BEL 1.46 0.18

213RT On -- -- -- -- -- 12 0.5 17.08 205.52 65.86 12 0.4 BEL 0.71 0.04

214R On 50 30 BEL 25.45 6.94 12 0.5 1.12 65.17 17.12 12 0.4 BEL 19.16 1.49

214RT On -- -- -- -- -- 12 0.5 1.81 95.57 20.59 12 0.4 BEL 3.90 0.35

215 On 52 30 BEL 20.26 5.55 12 0.5 1.06 124.83 27.64 12 0.4 BEL 0.29 0.01

215T On -- -- -- -- -- 12 0.5 1.25 236.86 51.59 12 0.4 BEL 1.46 0.18

216 On 52 30 BEL 27.29 5.77 12 0.5 1.04 13.70 5.03 12 0.4 BEL 1.18 0.08

216T On -- -- -- -- -- 12 0.5 1.18 13.99 6.12 12 0.4 BEL 0.21 BEL

217 On 49 30 BEL 23.62 4.89 12 0.5 0.18 4.51 1.43 12 0.4 BEL 0.38 BEL

217T On -- -- -- -- -- 12 0.5 0.34 6.19 1.69 12 0.4 BEL 1.35 0.01

N 356 7 0 7 7 168 14 14 14 14 168 14 0 14 9

Min 30 BEL 20.26 4.89 0.5 0.18 4.51 1.43 0.4 BEL 0.12 0.00

Max 35 BEL 114.80 9.43 0.5 33.35 236.86 89.12 0.4 BEL 19.16 1.49

Median 30 -- 27.29 6.94 0.5 1.22 17.00 5.94 0.4 -- 0.86 0.08

Mean 30.7 -- 42.00 7.27 0.5 4.60 74.23 21.84 0.4 -- 2.31 0.26

StdDev 1.9 -- 33.56 1.94 0.0 9.31 86.97 27.61 0.0 -- 4.94 0.48

101 Off 49 23 BEL 41.76 5.09 4 0.4 0.03 0.38 0.25 4 0.2 BEL 1.71 0.62

102 Off 52 23 BEL 129.01 9.45 4 0.4 0.64 18.58 5.86 4 0.2 BEL 1.48 0.47

103 Off 52 23 BEL 41.84 4.73 4 0.4 1.13 3.87 2.32 4 0.2 BEL 0.07 BEL

104 Off 52 23 BEL 23.05 4.44 4 0.4 0.33 2.79 1.22 4 0.2 BEL 0.28 0.01

105 Off 51 23 BEL 24.41 6.02 4 0.4 0.00 0.37 0.19 4 0.2 BEL 0.15 BEL

51 23 BEL 17.42 1.75 4 0.4 BEL 0.07 BEL 4 0.2 BEL 0.60 0.07

52 23 BEL 19.69 0.80 4 0.4 BEL 0.35 0.06 4 0.2 BEL 0.27 0.04

108 Off 52 23 BEL 22.61 0.99 4 0.4 BEL 0.24 0.12 4 0.2 BEL BEL BEL

110 Off 52 23 BEL 22.97 2.07 4 0.4 BEL 0.29 0.13 4 0.2 BEL 0.80 0.03

111 Off 52 23 BEL 16.73 1.62 4 0.4 BEL 0.06 BEL 4 0.2 BEL 0.56 0.13

112 Off 52 23 BEL 18.43 3.16 4 0.4 0.04 3.22 1.18 4 0.2 BEL 0.66 0.22

115 Off 51 23 BEL 23.22 3.81 12 0.5 0.09 3.70 1.07 12 0.4 BEL BEL BEL

118 Off 52 23 BEL 24.33 6.82 12 0.5 1.10 45.95 14.83 12 0.4 BEL 1.61 0.11

122 Off 50 23 BEL 33.85 5.69 12 0.5 0.89 24.40 6.45 12 0.4 BEL 1.52 BEL

ATTACHMENT D

MOUND ENVIRONMENTAL AIR-SAMPLING DATA FOR 1973 TO 2002

Page 25 of 38
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 01 Effective Date: 02/07/2013 Page 94 of 106

HTO incremental concentration (10-12 μCi/mL) Pu-238 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL) Pu-239, -240 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Locationb Samples LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean

123 Off 11 23 BEL 17.16 3.86 3 0.4 0.92 4.34 2.26 3 0.2 BEL BEL BEL

124 Off 11 23 BEL 15.83 4.17 3 0.4 1.62 8.27 3.91 3 0.2 BEL BEL BEL

N 742 16 0 16 16 86 16 11 16 14 86 16 0 12 9

Min 23 BEL 15.83 0.80 0.4 0.00 0.06 0.06 0.2 BEL 0.07 0.01

Max 23 BEL 129.01 9.45 0.5 1.62 45.95 14.83 0.4 BEL 1.71 0.62

Median 23 -- 23.01 4.02 0.4 0.64 3.01 1.20 0.2 -- 0.63 0.11

Mean 23 -- 30.77 4.03 0.42 0.62 7.31 2.85 0.24 -- 0.81 0.19

StdDev 0 -- 27.43 2.32 0.04 0.56 12.47 4.04 0.08 -- 0.61 0.21

EL 4.64 -- 0.25

Reference EG&G 1997

Effluent intake concentration 6.94 Effluent intake concentration 5.94 Effluent intake concentration 0.08

a. -- = no data; BEL = below environmental level; EL = environmental (activity concentration) level; LDL = lower detection limit at 95% confidence level; Min = minimum; Max = maximum; N = number of samples; 

StdDev = standard deviation.

b. T indicates 2-m sampling height.

ATTACHMENT D

MOUND ENVIRONMENTAL AIR-SAMPLING DATA FOR 1973 TO 2002

Page 26 of 38
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 01 Effective Date: 02/07/2013 Page 95 of 106

Table D-25. Mound air monitoring data for 1997.

a

HTO incremental concentration (10-12 μCi/mL) Pu-238 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL) Pu-239, -240 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Locationb Samples LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean

211 On 49 35 BEL 27.08 9.04 12 0.5 2.17 33.50 9.31 12 0.3 BEL 0.20 BEL

212 On 53 31 BEL 80.13 11.80 12 0.5 1.25 5.19 3.02 12 0.3 BEL BEL BEL

213 On 53 31 BEL 39.75 9.93 12 0.5 2.89 141.76 33.35 12 0.3 BEL 0.85 BEL

214 On 53 31 BEL 35.32 7.19 12 0.5 5.85 56.08 31.89 12 0.3 BEL 0.10 BEL

215 On 32 31 BEL 26.76 6.30 9 0.5 22.54 81.56 44.66 9 0.3 BEL 0.33 BEL

215T On -- -- -- -- -- 9 0.5 41.38 98.76 57.70 8 0.3 BEL 0.25 BEL

216 On 53 31 BEL 18.24 5.77 12 0.5 1.58 9.87 3.54 12 0.3 BEL BEL BEL

217 On 49 31 BEL 18.92 1.97 12 0.5 0.12 1.93 0.80 12 0.3 BEL 0.31 BEL

N 342 7 0 7 7 90 8 8 8 8 89 8 0 6 0

Min 31 BEL 18.24 1.97 0.5 0.12 1.93 0.80 0.3 BEL 0.10 BEL

Max 35 BEL 80.13 11.80 0.5 41.38 141.76 57.70 0.3 BEL 0.85 BEL

Median 31 -- 27.08 7.19 0.5 2.53 44.79 20.60 0.3 -- 0.28 --

Mean 31.6 -- 35.17 7.43 0.5 9.7225 53.58 23.03 0.3 -- 0.34 --

StdDev 1.5 -- 21.33 3.21 0.0 14.7 50.61 21.77 0.0 -- 0.26 --

101 Off 51 22 BEL 40.64 3.08 4 0.2 0.26 0.60 0.44 4 0.1 BEL BEL BEL

102 Off 52 22 BEL 51.14 6.51 4 0.2 1.00 6.69 3.26 4 0.1 BEL 1.31 BEL

103 Off 52 22 BEL 59.79 4.93 4 0.2 0.76 2.26 1.38 4 0.1 BEL BEL BEL

104 Off 52 22 BEL 26.96 2.93 12 0.5 0.09 2.27 0.75 4 0.1 BEL 0.09 BEL

105 Off 49 22 BEL 43.57 3.44 4 0.2 0.27 0.83 0.45 4 0.1 BEL 0.45 0.14

111 Off 51 22 BEL 37.57 2.04 4 0.2 BEL 0.18 0.50 4 0.1 BEL 1.27 0.06

112 Off 52 22 BEL 24.08 1.03 4 0.2 0.22 0.51 0.37 4 0.1 BEL BEL BEL

115 Off 49 22 BEL 22.99 0.13 4 0.2 BEL 0.84 0.15 4 0.1 BEL BEL BEL

118 Off 52 22 BEL 39.67 1.92 4 0.2 0.12 0.44 0.27 4 0.1 BEL 0.79 BEL

122 Off 51 22 BEL 30.73 4.03 12 0.5 BEL 19.58 4.33 12 0.3 BEL 1.67 BEL

123 Off 51 22 BEL 41.64 6.11 12 0.5 6.37 318.17 65.59 12 0.3 BEL 0.65 BEL

124 Off 50 22 BEL 41.56 8.58 12 0.5 1.02 9.33 3.98 12 0.3 BEL 0.09 BEL

CLN Off 52 22 BEL 27.25 2.02 12 0.5 0.66 44.34 14.26 12 0.3 BEL 0.58 BEL

CLS Off 50 22 BEL 31.15 3.65 12 0.5 1.65 28.30 11.92 12 0.3 BEL 0.22 BEL

N 714 14 0 14 14 104 14 11 14 14 96 14 0 10 2

Min 22 BEL 22.99 0.13 0.2 0.09 0.18 0.15 0.1 BEL 0.09 0.06

Max 22 BEL 59.79 8.58 0.5 6.37 318.17 65.59 0.3 BEL 1.67 0.14

Median 22 -- 38.62 3.26 0.2 0.66 2.27 1.07 0.1 -- 0.62 0.10

Mean 22 -- 37.05 3.60 0.33 1.13 31.02 7.69 0.17 -- 0.71 0.10

StdDev 0 -- 10.59 2.30 0.15 1.80 83.69 17.25 0.10 -- 0.55 0.06

EL 5.74 0.06 0.43

Reference BWXT 1998

Effluent intake concentration 7.19 Effluent intake concentration 20.60 Effluent intake concentration 0.00

ATTACHMENT D

MOUND ENVIRONMENTAL AIR-SAMPLING DATA FOR 1973 TO 2002

Page 27 of 38
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 01 Effective Date: 02/07/2013 Page 96 of 106

Th-228 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL) Th-230 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL) Th-232 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Locationb Samples LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean

213 On 12 0.7 BEL 8.25 1.61 12 1.1 BEL 13.6 2.77 12 0.6 BEL 5.10 0.21

215T On 9 0.7 1.12 11.57 4.38 9 1.1 BEL 17.5 6.17 9 0.6 BEL 10.04 4.07

216 On 12 0.7 BEL 4.8 BEL 12 1.1 BEL 7.87 BEL 12 0.6 BEL 5.68 BEL

N 33 3 1 3 2 33 3 0 3 2 33 3 0 3 2

Min 0.7 1.12 4.80 1.61 1.1 BEL 7.87 2.77 0.6 BEL 5.10 0.21

Max 0.7 1.12 11.57 4.38 1.1 BEL 17.5 6.17 0.6 BEL 10.04 4.07

Median 0.7 -- 8.25 3.00 1.1 -- 13.6 4.47 0.6 -- 5.68 2.14

Mean 0.7 -- 8.21 3.00 1.1 -- 13 4.47 0.6 -- 6.94 2.14

StdDev 0.0 -- 3.39 1.96 0.0 -- 4.85 2.4 0.0 -- 2.70 2.73

124 Off 12 0.7 BEL 10.63 1.53 12 1.1 BEL 14.2 2.37 12 0.6 BEL 10.35 0.45

N 12 1 0 1 1 12 0 0 1 1 12 1 0 1 1

Min 0.7 BEL 10.63 1.53 BEL BEL 14.2 2.37 0.6 BEL 10.35 0.45

Max 0.7 BEL 10.63 1.53 BEL BEL 14.2 2.37 0.6 BEL 10.35 0.45

Median -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Mean -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

StdDev -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

EL 7.37 8.3 6.57 6.52

Effluent intake concentration 3.00 Effluent intake concentration 4.47 Effluent intake concentration 2.14

a. -- = no data; BEL = below environmental level; EL = environmental (activity concentration) level; LDL = lower detection limit at 95% confidence level; Min = minimum; Max = maximum; N = number of samples; 

StdDev = standard deviation.

b. T indicates 2-m sampling height.

ATTACHMENT D

MOUND ENVIRONMENTAL AIR-SAMPLING DATA FOR 1973 TO 2002

Page 28 of 38
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 01 Effective Date: 02/07/2013 Page 97 of 106

Table D-26. Mound air monitoring data for 1998.

a

HTO incremental concentration (10-12 μCi/mL) Pu-238 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL) Pu-239, -240 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Locationb Samples LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean

211 On 51 33 BEL 38.17 12.72 12 1.0 BEL 7.13 1.69 12 0.5 BEL 5.93 0.07

212 On 51 30 BEL 64.83 13.44 12 1.0 BEL 1.66 BEL 12 0.5 BEL BEL BEL

213 On 51 30 BEL 37.93 9.93 12 1.0 BEL 13.33 5.38 12 0.5 BEL 0.97 BEL

214 On 51 30 BEL 31.19 10.19 12 1.0 BEL 24.22 7.60 12 0.5 BEL 0.14 BEL

215 On 52 30 BEL 40.71 10.38 12 1.0 BEL 15.65 4.84 9 0.5 BEL 0.06 BEL

215T On -- -- -- -- -- 12 1.0 BEL 20.83 5.69 8 0.5 BEL 0.76 BEL

216 On 49 30 BEL 27.28 7.95 12 1.0 BEL 12.28 0.06 12 0.5 BEL 0.16 BEL

217 On 50 30 BEL 30.34 6.69 12 1.0 BEL BEL BEL 12 0.5 BEL 0.04 BEL

218 On 24 30 BEL 44.72 8.45 6 1.0 BEL 1.72 BEL 6 0.5 BEL 0.31 BEL

N 379 8 0 8 8 102 9 0 8 6 95 9 0 8 1

Min 30 BEL 27.28 6.69 1 BEL 1.66 0.06 0.5 BEL 0.04 0.07

Max 33 BEL 64.83 13.44 1 BEL 24.22 7.60 0.5 BEL 5.93 0.07

Median 30 -- 38.05 10.06 1 -- 12.81 5.11 0.5 -- 0.24 --

Mean 30.4 -- 39.40 9.97 1 -- 12.10 4.21 0.5 -- 1.05 --

StdDev 1.1 -- 11.81 2.30 0.0 -- 8.27 2.79 0.0 -- 2.00 --

101 Off 51 28 BEL 61.37 8.09 4 0.2 BEL 15.60 1.53 4 0.2 BEL BEL BEL

102 Off 51 28 BEL 89.10 11.57 4 0.2 BEL 14.00 2.34 4 0.2 BEL BEL BEL

103 Off 50 28 BEL 41.06 6.96 4 0.2 BEL 11.30 1.44 4 0.2 BEL BEL BEL

104 Off 51 28 BEL 36.58 8.53 12 1.0 BEL 0.11 BEL 12 0.5 BEL 3.10 BEL

105 Off 51 28 BEL 42.56 4.12 4 0.2 BEL 13.68 1.60 4 0.2 BEL BEL BEL

111 Off 51 28 BEL 31.25 2.08 4 0.2 BEL 19.27 2.76 4 0.2 BEL BEL BEL

112 Off 51 28 BEL 25.85 5.32 4 0.2 BEL 14.98 1.87 4 0.2 BEL BEL BEL

115 Off 49 28 BEL 28.88 4.65 4 0.2 BEL 9.22 0.20 4 0.2 BEL BEL BEL

118 Off 51 28 BEL 37.41 5.91 4 0.2 BEL 13.64 1.18 4 0.2 BEL BEL BEL

122 Off 19 28 BEL 20.64 3.23 5 1.0 BEL 24.35 5.73 5 0.5 BEL BEL BEL

123 Off 9 28 BEL 10.00 3.87 3 0.2 2.96 21.93 9.36 3 0.5 BEL BEL BEL

124 Off 51 28 BEL 47.12 11.36 12 1.0 BEL 2.10 BEL 12 0.5 BEL 0.01 BEL

CLN Off 39 28 BEL 57.13 5.60 11 1.0 BEL 16.15 2.30 11 0.5 BEL BEL BEL

CLS Off 21 28 BEL 35.09 7.64 5 1.0 1.21 40.62 11.15 5 0.5 BEL 0.58 BEL

N 595 14 0 14 14 80 14 2 14 12 80 14 0 3 0

Min 28 BEL 10.00 2.08 0.2 1.21 0.11 0.20 0.2 BEL 0.01 BEL

Max 28 BEL 89.10 11.57 1.0 2.96 40.62 11.15 0.5 BEL 3.10 BEL

Median 28 -- 37.00 5.76 0.2 2.09 14.49 2.09 0.2 -- 0.58 --

Mean 28 -- 40.29 6.35 0.49 2.09 15.50 3.46 0.329 -- 1.23 --

StdDev 0 -- 19.49 2.85 0.40 1.24 9.80 3.46 0.154 -- 1.64 --

EL BEL 3.68 BEL 3.33 BEL 0.62

Reference BWXT 1999

Effluent intake concentration 10.06 Effluent intake concentration 5.11 Effluent intake concentration 0.07

ATTACHMENT D

MOUND ENVIRONMENTAL AIR-SAMPLING DATA FOR 1973 TO 2002

Page 29 of 38
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 01 Effective Date: 02/07/2013 Page 98 of 106

Th-228 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL) Th-230 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL) Th-232 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Locationb Samples LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean

213 On 12 0.6 BEL 3.20 BEL 12 0.9 BEL 3.29 BEL 12 0.6 BEL 6.50 0.40

215T On 12 0.6 BEL 3.22 BEL 12 0.9 BEL 4.01 BEL 12 0.6 BEL 4.75 0.14

216 On 12 0.6 BEL 1.22 BEL 12 0.9 BEL 6.43 BEL 12 0.6 BEL 2.65 0.18

218 On 6 0.6 BEL 1.33 BEL 6 0.9 BEL 1.71 BEL 6 0.6 BEL 3.53 BEL

N 42 4 0 4 0 42 4 0 4 0 42 4 0 4 3

Min 0.6 BEL 1.22 BEL 0.9 BEL 1.71 BEL 0.6 BEL 2.65 0.14

Max 0.6 BEL 3.22 BEL 0.9 BEL 6.43 BEL 0.6 BEL 6.50 0.40

Median 0.6 -- 2.27 -- 0.9 -- 3.65 -- 0.6 -- 4.14 0.18

Mean 0.6 -- 2.24 -- 0.9 -- 3.86 -- 0.6 -- 4.36 0.24

StdDev 0.0 -- 1.12 -- 0.0 -- 1.96 -- 0.0 -- 1.67 0.14

124 Off 12 0.6 BEL 5.57 BEL 12 0.9 BEL 9.29 BEL 12 0.6 BEL 4.06 0.44

N 12 1 0 1 0 12 1 0 1 0 12 1 0 1 1

Min 0.6 BEL 5.57 BEL 0.9 BEL 9.29 BEL 0.6 BEL 4.06 0.44

Max 0.6 BEL 5.57 BEL 0.9 BEL 9.29 BEL 0.6 BEL 4.06 0.44

Median -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Mean -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

StdDev -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

EL 7.64 8.11 5.58

Effluent intake concentration 0.00 Effluent intake concentration 0.00 Effluent intake concentration 0.18

a. -- = no data; BEL = below environmental level; EL = environmental (activity concentration) level; LDL = lower detection limit at 95% confidence level; Min = minimum; Max = maximum; N = number of samples; 

StdDev = standard deviation.

b. T indicates 2-m sampling height.

ATTACHMENT D

MOUND ENVIRONMENTAL AIR-SAMPLING DATA FOR 1973 TO 2002

Page 30 of 38
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 01 Effective Date: 02/07/2013 Page 99 of 106

Table D-27. Mound air monitoring data for 1999.

a

HTO incremental concentration (10-12 μCi/mL) Pu-238 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL) Pu-239, -240 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Locationb Samples LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean

211 On 51 35 BEL 38.75 10.67 12 0.7 BEL 0.30 BEL 12 0.6 BEL 3.09 0.13

212 On 36 31 BEL 98.41 19.86 8 0.7 BEL BEL BEL 8 0.6 BEL 0.32 BEL

213 On 50 31 BEL 56.60 9.91 12 0.7 BEL 9.49 1.30 12 0.6 BEL 1.52 0.24

214 On 51 31 BEL 34.47 8.12 12 0.7 BEL 5.53 BEL 12 0.6 BEL 0.78 BEL

215 On 48 31 BEL 33.21 8.80 12 0.7 BEL 0.79 BEL 12 0.6 BEL 0.93 BEL

215T On -- -- -- -- -- 12 0.7 BEL 2.66 BEL 12 0.6 BEL 1.17 BEL

216 On 49 31 BEL 29.82 7.01 12 0.7 BEL 12.08 BEL 12 0.6 BEL 0.68 0.08

217 On 51 31 BEL 61.29 5.95 10 0.7 BEL BEL BEL 10 0.6 BEL 0.92 BEL

218 On 51 31 BEL 41.63 5.12 12 0.7 BEL 37.92 1.56 12 0.6 BEL 1.16 0.16

N 387 8 0 8 8 102 9 0 7 2 102 9 0 9 4

Min 31 BEL 29.82 5.12 0.7 BEL 0.30 1.30 0.6 BEL 0.32 0.08

Max 35 BEL 98.41 19.86 0.7 BEL 37.92 1.56 0.6 BEL 3.09 0.24

Median 31 -- 40.19 8.45 0.7 -- 5.53 1.43 0.6 -- 0.93 0.15

Mean 31.5 -- 49.27 9.43 0.7 -- 9.82 1.43 0.6 -- 1.17 0.15

StdDev 1.4 -- 22.79 4.62 0.0 -- 13.14 0.18 0.0 -- 0.79 0.07

101 Off 50 47 BEL 26.12 4.10 4 0.1 BEL 2.41 BEL 4 0.1 BEL 0.02 BEL

102 Off 48 47 BEL 44.26 7.46 4 0.1 BEL 10.52 2.83 4 0.1 BEL 0.32 BEL

103 Off 49 47 BEL 72.32 3.98 4 0.1 BEL 8.34 0.02 4 0.1 BEL BEL BEL

104 Off 50 47 BEL 35.52 3.21 12 0.7 BEL BEL BEL 12 0.6 BEL 0.80 0.01

105 Off 50 47 BEL 27.73 2.61 4 0.1 BEL 10.34 BEL 4 0.1 BEL BEL BEL

111 Off 47 47 BEL 21.86 0.42 4 0.1 BEL 10.34 BEL 4 0.1 BEL BEL BEL

112 Off 48 47 BEL 25.74 3.45 3 0.1 BEL 3.47 BEL 3 0.1 BEL BEL BEL

115 Off 49 47 BEL 20.43 BEL 4 0.1 BEL 12.91 0.37 4 0.1 BEL BEL BEL

118 Off 44 47 BEL 28.55 1.07 4 0.1 BEL 9.11 BEL 4 0.1 BEL 0.91 0.01

124 Off 49 47 BEL 51.50 7.73 12 0.7 BEL BEL BEL 12 0.6 BEL 0.91 BEL

CLN Off 50 47 BEL 22.78 3.05 11 0.7 BEL BEL BEL 12 0.6 BEL 1.54 BEL

N 534 11 0 11 10 66 11 0 8 3 67 11 0 6 2

Min 47 BEL 20.43 0.42 0.1 BEL 2.41 0.02 0.1 BEL 0.02 0.01

Max 47 BEL 72.32 7.73 0.7 BEL 12.91 2.83 0.6 BEL 1.54 0.01

Median 47 -- 27.73 3.33 0.1 -- 9.73 0.37 0.1 -- 0.86 0.01

Mean 47 -- 34.26 3.71 0.26 -- 8.43 1.07 0.2 -- 0.75 0.01

StdDev 0 -- 15.93 2.36 0.28 -- 3.65 1.53 0.2 -- 0.53 0.00

EL 4.02 6.6 0.64

Reference BWXT 2000

Effluent intake concentration 8.45 Effluent intake concentration 1.43 Effluent intake concentration 0.15

ATTACHMENT D

MOUND ENVIRONMENTAL AIR-SAMPLING DATA FOR 1973 TO 2002

Page 31 of 38
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 01 Effective Date: 02/07/2013 Page 100 of 106

Th-228 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL) Th-230 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL) Th-232 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Locationb Samples LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean

213 On 12 0.6 BEL 14.78 5.55 12 1.1 BEL 21.88 5.79 12 0.5 BEL 13.25 4.62

215T On 12 0.6 BEL 10.64 4.02 12 1.1 BEL 13.37 3.82 12 0.5 BEL 28.99 4.96

216 On 12 0.6 BEL 18.52 5.18 12 1.1 BEL 23.17 5.00 12 0.5 BEL 17.40 4.22

218 On 12 0.6 BEL 19.56 3.02 12 1.1 BEL 17.7 1.98 12 0.5 BEL 20.77 2.0

N 48 4 0 4 4 48 4 0 4 4 48 4 0 4 4

Min 0.6 BEL 10.64 3.02 1.1 BEL 13.37 1.98 0.5 BEL 13.25 2.00

Max 0.6 BEL 19.56 5.55 1.1 BEL 23.17 5.79 0.5 BEL 28.99 4.96

Median 0.6 -- 16.65 4.60 1.1 -- 19.79 4.41 0.5 -- 19.09 4.42

Mean 0.6 -- 15.88 4.44 1.1 -- 19.03 4.15 0.5 -- 20.10 3.95

StdDev 0.0 -- 4.05 1.15 0.0 -- 4.44 1.66 0.0 -- 6.68 1.33

124 Off 12 0.6 BEL 13.72 3.22 12 1.3 BEL 13.72 3.22 12 0.5 BEL 20.77 2.0

N 12 1 0 1 1 12 1 0 1 1 12 1 0 1 1

Min 0.6 BEL 13.72 3.22 1.3 BEL 13.72 3.22 0.5 BEL 20.77 2.00

Max 0.6 BEL 13.72 3.22 1.3 BEL 13.72 3.22 0.5 BEL 20.77 2.00

Median -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Mean -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

StdDev -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

EL 5.46 6.44 4.78

Effluent intake concentration 4.60 Effluent intake concentration 4.41 Effluent intake concentration 4.42

a. -- = no data; BEL = below environmental level; EL = environmental (activity concentration) level; LDL = lower detection limit at 95% confidence level; Min = minimum; Max = maximum; N = number of samples; 

StdDev = standard deviation.

b. T indicates 2-m sampling height.

ATTACHMENT D

MOUND ENVIRONMENTAL AIR-SAMPLING DATA FOR 1973 TO 2002

Page 32 of 38
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 01 Effective Date: 02/07/2013 Page 101 of 106

Table D-28. Mound air monitoring data for 2000.

a

HTO incremental concentration (10-12 μCi/mL) Pu-238 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL) Pu-239, -240 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Locationb Samples LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean

211 On 48 26 BEL 43.02 2.95 12 0.5 0.47 108.03 11.09 12 0.4 BEL 0.66 BEL

212 On 41 23 BEL 20.26 4.42 11 0.5 0.43 4.22 1.42 11 0.4 BEL 3.05 0.17

213 On 49 23 BEL 27.22 3.51 12 0.5 3.98 15.54 7.99 12 0.4 BEL 0.38 BEL

214 On 48 23 BEL 28.67 2.00 12 0.5 0.14 7.18 1.74 12 0.4 BEL 0.27 BEL

215 On 50 23 BEL 19.97 2.49 11 0.5 0.27 8.87 3.00 11 0.4 BEL BEL BEL

215T On -- -- -- -- -- 12 0.5 0.17 16.51 4.08 12 0.4 BEL 0.87 BEL

216 On 49 23 BEL 40.15 2.06 12 0.5 1.03 11.61 4.11 12 0.4 BEL 0.75 BEL

217 On 50 23 BEL 23.53 0.96 12 0.5 BEL 1.02 0.33 12 0.4 BEL 1.32 BEL

218 On 51 23 BEL 33.26 0.93 12 0.5 0.24 42.22 5.81 12 0.4 BEL 0.96 BEL

N 386 8 0 8 8 106 9 8 9 9 106 9 0 8 1

Min 23 BEL 19.97 0.93 0.5 0.14 1.02 0.33 0.4 BEL 0.27 0.17

Max 26 BEL 43.02 4.42 0.5 3.98 108.03 11.09 0.4 BEL 3.05 0.17

Median 23 -- 27.95 2.28 0.5 0.35 11.61 4.08 0.4 -- 0.81 --

Mean 23.4 -- 29.51 2.42 0.5 0.84 23.91 4.40 0.4 -- 1.03 --

StdDev 1.1 -- 8.69 1.20 0.0 1.3 33.74 3.43 0.0 -- 0.88 --

101 Off 49 28 BEL 13.02 BEL 4 0.2 BEL 4.70 2.23 4 0.1 BEL 0.06 BEL

102 Off 49 28 BEL 23.84 2.34 4 0.2 0.31 1.13 0.73 4 0.1 BEL BEL BEL

103 Off 51 28 BEL 41.49 1.26 4 0.2 0.41 0.94 0.62 4 0.1 BEL BEL BEL

104 Off 51 28 BEL 28.63 0.02 12 0.5 BEL 1.62 0.31 12 0.4 BEL 1.35 BEL

105 Off 51 28 BEL 24.85 BEL 4 0.2 BEL 0.25 0.07 4 0.1 BEL 0.61 BEL

111 Off 49 28 BEL 14.07 BEL 4 0.2 BEL 0.68 0.15 4 0.1 BEL 0.35 BEL

112 Off 51 28 BEL 10.53 BEL 4 0.2 BEL 0.07 BEL 4 0.1 BEL 0.34 BEL

115 Off 51 28 BEL 7.51 BEL 4 0.2 BEL 0.05 BEL 4 0.1 BEL BEL BEL

118 Off 51 28 BEL 13.68 BEL 4 0.2 0.04 0.53 0.26 4 0.1 BEL BEL BEL

124 Off 51 28 BEL 26.57 3.41 12 0.5 0.72 2.90 1.55 12 0.4 BEL 0.45 BEL

CLN Off 51 28 BEL 24.68 BEL 12 0.5 BEL 1.55 0.56 12 0.4 BEL 0.34 BEL

N 555 11 0 11 4 68 11 4 11 9 68 11 0 7 0

Min 28 BEL 7.51 0.02 0.2 0.04 0.05 0.07 0.1 BEL 0.06 BEL

Max 28 BEL 41.49 3.41 0.5 0.72 4.70 2.23 0.4 BEL 1.35 BEL

Median 28 -- 23.84 1.80 0.2 0.36 0.94 0.56 0.1 -- 0.35 --

Mean 28 -- 20.81 1.76 0.28 0.37 1.31 0.72 0.2 -- 0.50 --

StdDev 0 -- 10.01 1.45 0.14 0.28 1.40 0.72 0.1 -- 0.41 --

EL 5.71 0.09 0.76

Reference BWXT 2001

Effluent intake concentration 2.28 Effluent intake concentration 4.08 Effluent intake concentration 0.17

ATTACHMENT D

MOUND ENVIRONMENTAL AIR-SAMPLING DATA FOR 1973 TO 2002

Page 33 of 38
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 01 Effective Date: 02/07/2013 Page 102 of 106

Th-228 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL) Th-230 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL) Th-232 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Locationb Samples LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean

213 On 12 1.0 BEL 22.54 7.43 12 1.3 BEL 24.83 9.02 12 0.5 BEL 22.11 6.60

215T On 12 1.0 0.03 9.58 2.84 12 1.3 BEL 12.02 2.72 12 0.5 BEL 7.62 1.72

216 On 12 1.0 BEL 8.82 4.57 12 1.3 BEL 13.59 5.51 12 0.5 BEL 11.04 4.10

218 On 12 1.0 BEL 5.77 2.27 12 1.3 BEL 3.89 1.21 12 0.5 BEL 4.05 1.04

N 48 4 1 4 4 48 4 0 4 4 48 4 0 4 4

Min 1.0 0.03 5.77 2.27 1.3 BEL 3.89 1.21 0.5 BEL 4.05 1.04

Max 1.0 0.03 22.54 7.43 1.3 BEL 24.83 9.02 0.5 BEL 22.11 6.60

Median 1.0 -- 9.20 3.71 1.3 -- 12.81 4.12 0.5 -- 9.33 2.91

Mean 1.0 -- 11.68 4.28 1.3 -- 13.58 4.62 0.5 -- 11.21 3.37

StdDev 0.0 -- 7.43 2.32 0.0 -- 8.62 3.43 0.0 -- 7.81 2.52

124 Off 12 1.0 BEL 11.96 2.62 12 1.3 BEL 10.33 2.74 12 0.5 BEL 7.97 1.96

N 12 1 0 1 1 12 1 0 1 1 12 1 0 1 1

Min 1 BEL 11.96 2.62 1.3 BEL 10.33 2.74 0.5 BEL 7.97 1.96

Max 1 BEL 11.96 2.62 1.3 BEL 10.33 2.74 0.5 BEL 7.97 1.96

Median -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Mean -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

StdDev -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

EL 5.18 5.42 4.06

Effluent intake concentration 3.71 Effluent intake concentration 4.12 Effluent intake concentration 2.91

a. -- = no data; BEL = below environmental level; EL = environmental (activity concentration) level; LDL = lower detection limit at 95% confidence level; Min = minimum; Max = maximum; N = number of samples; 

StdDev = standard deviation.

b. T indicates 2-m sampling height.

ATTACHMENT D

MOUND ENVIRONMENTAL AIR-SAMPLING DATA FOR 1973 TO 2002

Page 34 of 38
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 01 Effective Date: 02/07/2013 Page 103 of 106

Table D-29. Mound air monitoring data for 2001.

a

HTO incremental concentration (10-12 μCi/mL) Pu-238 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL) Pu-239, -240 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Locationb Samples LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean

211 On 48 26 BEL 26.01 5.06 12 0.6 1.46 20.16 5.51 12 0.7 BEL 0.69 0.01

213 On 50 23 BEL 44.09 7.61 12 0.6 1.26 121.73 15.19 12 0.7 BEL 1.62 BEL

214 On 51 23 BEL 24.72 4.60 12 0.6 0.72 5.69 2.90 12 0.7 BEL 0.70 BEL

215 On 51 23 BEL 30.61 2.82 11 0.6 BRB 4.50 1.61 11 0.7 BEL 1.85 0.2

215T On -- -- -- -- -- 12 0.6 0.24 5.74 1.62 12 0.7 BEL 1.64 BEL

216 On 49 23 BEL 52.39 5.24 12 0.6 0.39 22.27 5.58 12 0.7 BEL 0.51 0.03

218 On 49 23 BEL 48.81 2.98 12 0.6 0.96 7.01 4.01 12 0.7 BEL 1.09 BEL

N 298 6 0 6 6 83 7 6 7 7 83 7 0 7 3

Min 23 BEL 24.72 2.82 0.6 0.24 4.50 1.61 0.7 BEL 0.51 0.01

Max 26 BEL 52.39 7.61 0.6 1.46 121.73 15.19 0.7 BEL 1.85 0.2

Median 23 -- 37.35 4.83 0.6 0.84 7.01 4.01 0.7 -- 1.09 0.03

Mean 23.5 -- 37.77 4.72 0.6 0.84 26.73 5.20 0.7 -- 1.16 0.08

StdDev 1.2 -- 12.13 1.75 0.0 0.48 42.53 4.70 0.0 -- 0.5 0.1

101 Off 51 15 BEL 37.24 3.99 4 0.1 BRB 0.20 0.09 4 0.1 BEL 0.49 BEL

102 Off 49 15 BEL 64.72 6.09 4 0.1 0.25 0.40 0.32 4 0.1 BEL 0.15 BEL

103 Off 51 15 BEL 63.13 4.76 4 0.1 0.46 5.55 1.91 4 0.1 BEL 0.17 BEL

104 Off 51 15 BEL 19.57 1.33 12 0.6 BRB 1.44 0.25 12 0.7 BEL 0.61 BEL

105 Off 50 15 BEL 20.50 0.28 4 0.1 0.02 0.12 0.06 4 0.1 BEL 1.40 0.17

111 Off 34 15 BEL 5.56 BEL 4 0.1 BRB 0.29 0.09 4 0.1 BEL 1.17 0.11

112 Off 51 15 BEL 27.65 0.83 4 0.1 BRB 0.08 BRB 4 0.1 BEL 1.56 0.38

115 Off 51 15 BEL 12.72 BEL 4 0.1 BRB 0.04 0.01 4 0.1 BEL 1.17 0.26

118 Off 50 15 BEL 34.08 0.17 4 0.1 BRB 0.30 0.14 4 0.1 BEL 0.53 0.05

124 Off 48 15 BEL 76.74 7.28 12 0.6 0.22 2.45 1.32 12 0.7 BEL 0.49 0.003

CLN Off 49 15 BEL 30.32 3.91 11 0.6 0.10 2.11 0.91 11 0.7 BEL 0.90 0.11

212 Off 51 23 BEL 75.94 9.79 12 0.6 0.61 4.57 1.56 12 0.7 BEL 0.56 BEL

217 Off 42 23 BEL 19.28 1.88 11 0.6 0.01 1.55 0.40 11 0.7 BEL 1.09 0.04

N 628 13 0 13 11 90 13 7 13 12 90 13 0 13 8

Min 15 BEL 5.56 0.17 0.1 0.01 0.04 0.01 0.1 BEL 0.15 0.00

Max 23 BEL 76.74 9.79 0.6 0.61 5.55 1.91 0.7 BEL 1.56 0.38

Median 15 -- 30.32 3.91 0.1 0.22 0.40 0.29 0.1 -- 0.61 0.11

Mean 16.2 -- 37.50 3.66 0.29 0.24 1.47 0.59 0.33 -- 0.79 0.14

StdDev 3.0 -- 25.19 3.38 0.25 0.25 1.89 0.71 0.30 -- 0.44 0.13

EL 2.5 BRB 0.4

Reference BWXT 2002

Effluent intake concentration 4.83 Effluent intake concentration 4.01 Effluent intake concentration 0.03

ATTACHMENT D

MOUND ENVIRONMENTAL AIR-SAMPLING DATA FOR 1973 TO 2002

Page 35 of 38
Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 01 Effective Date: 02/07/2013 Page 104 of 106

Th-228 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL) Th-230 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL) Th-232 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Locationb Samples LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean

213 On 12 0.8 BEL 20.97 4.01 12 1.5 BEL 20.99 3.91 12 0.4 BEL 14.31 2.82

215T On 12 0.8 BEL 13.56 3.29 12 1.5 BEL 9.69 2.80 12 0.4 BEL 7.00 2.13

216 On 12 0.8 BEL 12.48 4.30 12 1.5 BEL 9.74 3.28 12 0.4 BEL 8.15 2.37

218 On 12 0.8 BEL 12.05 3.56 12 1.5 BEL 14.52 2.17 12 0.4 BEL 11.01 1.67

N 48 4 0 4 4 48 4 0 4 4 48 4 0 4 4

Min 0.8 BEL 12.05 3.29 1.5 BEL 9.69 2.17 0.4 BEL 7.00 1.67

Max 0.8 BEL 20.97 4.30 1.5 BEL 20.99 3.91 0.4 BEL 14.31 2.82

Median 0.8 -- 13.02 3.79 1.5 -- 12.13 3.04 0.4 -- 9.58 2.25

Mean 0.8 -- 14.77 3.79 1.5 -- 13.74 3.04 0.4 -- 10.12 2.25

StdDev 0.0 -- 4.19 0.45 0.0 -- 5.34 0.74 0.0 -- 3.26 0.48

124 Off 12 0.8 BEL 12.35 1.67 12 1.5 BEL 11.77 0.95 12 0.4 BEL 9.97 0.94

N 12 1 0 1 1 12 1 0 1 1 12 1 0 1 1

Min 0.8 BEL 12.35 1.67 1.5 BEL 11.77 0.95 0.4 BEL 9.97 0.94

Max 0.8 BEL 12.35 1.67 1.5 BEL 11.77 0.95 0.4 BEL 9.97 0.94

Median -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Mean -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

StdDev -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

EL 5.2 6.39 4.56

Effluent intake concentration 3.79 Effluent intake concentration 3.04 Effluent intake concentration 2.25

a. -- = no data; BEL = below environmental level; BRB = below reagent blank; EL = environmental (activity concentration) level; LDL = lower detection limit at 95% confidence level; Min = minimum; Max = maximum; 

N = number of samples; StdDev = standard deviation.

b. T indicates 2-m sampling height.

ATTACHMENT D

MOUND ENVIRONMENTAL AIR-SAMPLING DATA FOR 1973 TO 2002

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Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 01 Effective Date: 02/07/2013 Page 105 of 106

Table D-30. Mound air monitoring data for 2002.

a

HTO incremental concentration (10-12 μCi/mL) Pu-238 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL) Pu-239, -240 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Locationb Samples LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean

211 On 31 31 BEL 24.12 4.10 12 0.6 0.98 9.05 3.06 12 0.6 BEL 0.75 0.11

213 On 50 28 BEL 26.94 4.83 12 0.6 1.41 13.85 4.92 12 0.6 BEL 1.58 0.30

214 On 29 48 BEL 60.18 2.89 12 0.6 0.48 61.48 9.37 12 0.6 BEL 1.69 0.27

215 On 50 48 BEL 134.45 11.31 12 0.6 0.21 11.37 2.11 12 0.6 BEL 1.36 0.19

215T On -- -- -- -- -- 12 0.6 0.24 8.38 2.18 12 0.6 BEL 1.11 0.19

216 On 49 48 BEL 38.04 2.09 12 0.6 0.79 11.88 3.76 12 0.6 BEL 1.71 0.33

218 On 51 28 BEL 32.31 1.60 12 0.6 0.07 26.31 5.08 12 0.6 BEL 0.73 0.19

N 260 6 6 6 84 7 7 7 7 84 7 7 7

Min 28 BEL 24.12 1.60 0.07 8.38 2.11 BEL 0.73 0.11

Max 48 BEL 134.45 11.31 1.41 26.31 9.37 BEL 1.69 0.33

Median 3.50 3.76 0.19

Mean 4.72 4.28 0.23

101 Off 50 48 BEL 64.75 3.96 4 0.2 BRB 0.20 0.07 4 0.1 BEL BEL BEL

102 Off 50 48 BEL 52.54 6.14 4 0.2 0.29 1.76 0.77 4 0.1 BEL 0.35 BEL

103 Off 50 48 BEL 104.05 3.42 4 0.2 0.29 0.53 0.41 4 0.1 BEL 0.15 BEL

104 Off 49 48 BEL 42.04 0.11 12 0.6 BRB 1.73 0.33 12 0.7 BEL 0.68 0.18

105 Off 50 48 BEL 26.67 BEL 4 0.2 BRB 0.15 0.04 4 0.1 BEL BEL BEL

111 Off 50 48 BEL 21.38 BEL 4 0.2 BRB 0.09 0.01 4 0.1 BEL BEL BEL

112 Off 48 48 BEL 16.78 BEL 4 0.2 BRB 0.05 BRB 4 0.1 BEL BEL BEL

115 Off 49 48 BEL 15.93 BEL 4 0.2 BRB 0.08 BRB 4 0.1 BEL BEL BEL

118 Off 50 48 BEL 44.59 0.54 4 0.2 0.05 0.38 0.17 4 0.1 BEL 0.14 0.05

124 Off 49 48 BEL 79.09 6.69 12 0.6 BRB 2.68 1.10 12 0.6 BEL 0.25 BEL

CLN Off 50 48 BEL 46.55 2.23 12 0.6 0.08 2.02 0.63 12 0.6 BEL 0.84 0.13

212 Off 29 48 BEL 226.74 13.14 12 0.6 0.23 4.29 1.57 12 0.6 BEL 1.03 0.20

217 Off 29 48 BEL 29.94 0.13 12 0.6 BRB 1.68 0.27 12 0.6 BEL 0.83 0.19

N 603 13 13 13 13 92 13 13 13 13 90 13 13 13 13

Min 15 BEL 15.93 BEL 0.2 0.05 0.05 BRB 0.1 BEL 0.15 BEL

Max 23 BEL 226.74 13.14 0.6 0.29 4.29 1.57 0.6 BEL 0.14 0.20

Median

Mean

EL 7.38 BRB 0.27

Reference CH2MHILL 2003

Effluent intake concentration 3.50 Effluent intake concentration 3.76 Effluent intake concentration 0.19

ATTACHMENT D

MOUND ENVIRONMENTAL AIR-SAMPLING DATA FOR 1973 TO 2002

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Document No. ORAUT-TKBS-0016-4 Revision No. 01 Effective Date: 02/07/2013 Page 106 of 106

Th-228 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL) Th-230 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL) Th-232 incremental concentration (10-18 μCi/mL)

Locationb Samples LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean Samples LDL Min Max Mean

213 On 12 0.7 BEL 6.43 BEL 12 1.3 BEL 0.52 BEL 12 0.5 BEL 5.46 BEL

215T On 12 0.7 BEL 2.91 BEL 12 1.3 BEL 2.74 BEL 12 0.5 BEL 3.22 BEL

216 On 12 0.7 BEL 9.39 BEL 12 1.3 BEL 3.67 BEL 12 0.5 BEL 6.72 BEL

218 On 12 0.7 BEL 27.42 0.55 12 1.3 BEL 18.50 BEL 12 0.5 BEL 23.34 0.30

N 48 4 4 4 4 48 4 4 4 4 48 4 4 4 4

Min BEL 2.92 BEL BEL 0.52 BEL 3.22 BEL

Max BEL 27.42 0.55 BEL 18.50 BEL 23.34 0.30

Median 0 0.00 0

Mean 0.14 0.00 0.075

124 Off 12 BEL 1.99 BEL BEL BEL BEL 12 0.4 BEL 2.05 BEL

N 12 1 1 1 12 1 1 1 1 12 1 0 1 1

Min 0.7 BEL 1.99 1.67 BEL BEL BEL 0.4 BEL 2.05 BEL

Max 0.7 BEL 1.99 1.67 BEL BEL BEL 0.4 BEL 2.05 BEL

Median -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Mean -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

StdDev -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

EL 10.01 14.17 4.56

Effluent intake concentration 0.00 Effluent intake concentration 0.00 Effluent intake concentration 0.00

a. -- = no data; BEL = below environmental level; BRB = below reagent blank; EL = environmental (activity concentration) level; LDL = lower detection limit at 95% confidence level; Min = 

minimum; Max = maximum; N = number of samples; StdDev = standard deviation.

b. T indicates 2-m sampling height.

ATTACHMENT D

MOUND ENVIRONMENTAL AIR-SAMPLING DATA FOR 1973 TO 2002

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