IB 

Union Calendar No. 609 

115TH CONGRESS 

2D SESSION H. R. 5905 

[Report No. 115–787] 

To authorize basic research programs in the Department of Energy Office 

of Science for fiscal years 2018 and 2019. 

IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 

MAY 22, 2018 

Mr. WEBER of Texas (for himself, Ms. LOFGREN, Mr. SMITH of Texas, Mr. 

LUCAS, Mr. KNIGHT, Mr. HULTGREN, Mr. DUNN, Mr. NORMAN, Mr. 

BABIN, Mr. MARSHALL, Mr. HIGGINS of Louisiana, and Mrs. LESKO) introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on 

Science, Space, and Technology 

JUNE 27, 2018 

Additional sponsor: Mr. ABRAHAM

JUNE 27, 2018 

Reported with an amendment, committed to the Committee of the Whole 

House on the State of the Union, and ordered to be printed 

[Strike out all after the enacting clause and insert the part printed in italic] 

[For text of introduced bill, see copy of bill as introduced on May 22, 2018] 


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A BILL 

To authorize basic research programs in the Department 

of Energy Office of Science for fiscal years 2018 and 2019. 


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1 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa2 tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 

3 SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS. 

4 (a) SHORT TITLE.—This Act may be cited as the ‘‘De5 partment of Energy Science and Innovation Act of 2018’’. 

6 (b) TABLE OF CONTENTS.—The table of contents for 

7 this Act is as follows: 

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents. 

Sec. 2. Definitions. 

Sec. 3. Mission. 

Sec. 4. Basic energy sciences. 

Sec. 5. Advanced scientific computing research. 

Sec. 6. High energy physics. 

Sec. 7. Biological and environmental research. 

Sec. 8. Fusion energy. 

Sec. 9. Nuclear physics. 

Sec. 10. Science laboratories infrastructure program. 

Sec. 11. Authorization of appropriations. 

8 SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS. 

9 In this Act: 

10 (1) DEPARTMENT.—The term ‘‘Department’’ 

11 means the Department of Energy. 

12 (2) DIRECTOR.—The term ¥ means the Director 

13 of the Office of Science of the Department. 

14 (3) NATIONAL LABORATORY.—The term ‘‘Na15 tional Laboratory’’ has the meaning given that term 

16 in section 2 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 

17 U.S.C. 15801). 

18 (4) SECRETARY.—The term ‘‘Secretary’’ means 

19 the Secretary of Energy. 


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1 SEC. 3. MISSION. 

2 Section 209 of the Department of Energy Organization 

3 Act (42 U.S.C. 7139) is amended by adding at the end the 

4 following: 

5 ‘‘(c) MISSION.—The mission of the Office of Science 

6 shall be the delivery of scientific discoveries, capabilities, 

7 and major scientific tools to transform the understanding 

8 of nature and to advance the energy, economic, and na9 tional security of the United States.’’. 

10 SEC. 4. BASIC ENERGY SCIENCES. 

11 (a) PROGRAM.—The Director shall carry out a pro12 gram in basic energy sciences, including materials sciences 

13 and engineering, chemical sciences, physical biosciences, 

14 and geosciences, for the purpose of providing the scientific 

15 foundations for new energy technologies. 

16 (b) MISSION.—The mission of the program described 

17 in subsection (a) shall be to support fundamental research 

18 to understand, predict, and ultimately control matter and 

19 energy at the electronic, atomic, and molecular levels in 

20 order to provide the foundations for new energy technologies 

21 and to support Department missions in energy, environ22 ment, and national security. 

23 (c) BASIC ENERGY SCIENCES USER FACILITIES.— 

24 (1) IN GENERAL.—The Director shall carry out 

25 a program for the development, construction, oper26 ation, and maintenance of national user facilities. 


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1 (2) REQUIREMENTS.—To the maximum extent 

2 practicable, the national user facilities developed, con3 structed, operated, or maintained under paragraph 

4 (1) shall serve the needs of the Department, industry, 

5 the academic community, and other relevant entities 

6 to create and examine materials and chemical proc7 esses for the purpose of improving the competitiveness 

8 of the United States. 

9 (3) INCLUDED FACILITIES.—The national user 

10 facilities developed, constructed, operated, or main11 tained under paragraph (1) shall include— 

12 (A) x-ray light sources; 

13 (B) neutron sources; 

14 (C) nanoscale science research centers; and 

15 (D) such other facilities as the Director con16 siders appropriate, consistent with section 209 of 

17 the Department of Energy Organization Act (42 

18 U.S.C. 7139). 

19 (d) BASIC ENERGY SCIENCES RESEARCH INFRA20 STRUCTURE.— 

21 (1) ADVANCED PHOTON SOURCE UPGRADE.— 

22 (A) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall pro23 vide for the upgrade to the Advanced Photon 

24 Source described in the publication approved by 

25 the Basic Energy Sciences Advisory Committee 


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1 on June 9, 2016, titled ‘‘Report on Facility Up2 grades’’, including the development of a multi3 bend achromat lattice to produce a high flux of 

4 coherent x-rays within the hard x-ray energy re5 gion and a suite of beamlines optimized for this 

6 source. 

7 (B) DEFINITIONS.—In this paragraph: 

8 (i) FLUX.—The term ‘‘flux’’ means the 

9 rate of flow of photons. 

10 (ii) HARD X-RAY.—The term ‘‘hard x11 ray’’ means a photon with energy greater 

12 than 20 kiloelectron volts. 

13 (C) START OF OPERATIONS.—The Secretary 

14 shall, to the maximum extent practicable, ensure 

15 that the start of full operations of the upgrade 

16 under this paragraph occurs before December 31, 

17 2025. 

18 (D) FUNDING.—Out of funds authorized to 

19 be appropriated under section 11 for Basic En20 ergy Sciences, there shall be made available to 

21 the Secretary to carry out the upgrade under 

22 this paragraph— 

23 (i) $93,000,000 for fiscal year 2018; 

24 and 

25 (ii) $130,000,000 for fiscal year 2019. 


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1 (2) SPALLATION NEUTRON SOURCE PROTON

2 POWER UPGRADE.— 

3 (A) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall pro4 vide for a proton power upgrade to the Spall5 ation Neutron Source. 

6 (B) DEFINITION OF PROTON POWER UP7 GRADE.—For the purposes of this paragraph, the 

8 term ‘‘proton power upgrade’’ means the Spall9 ation Neutron Source power upgrade described 

10 in— 

11 (i) the publication of the Office of 

12 Science of the Department of Energy titled 

13 ‘‘Facilities for the Future of Science: A 

14 Twenty-Year Outlook’’, published December 

15 2003; 

16 (ii) the publication of the Office of 

17 Science of the Department of Energy titled 

18 ‘‘Four Years Later: An Interim Report on 

19 Facilities for the Future of Science: A 

20 Twenty-Year Outlook’’, published August 

21 2007; and 

22 (iii) the publication approved by the 

23 Basic Energy Sciences Advisory Committee 

24 on June 9, 2016, titled ‘‘Report on Facility 

25 Upgrades’’. 


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1 (C) START OF OPERATIONS.—The Secretary 

2 shall, to the maximum extent practicable, ensure 

3 that the start of full operations of the upgrade 

4 under this paragraph occurs before December 31, 

5 2025. 

6 (D) FUNDING.—Out of funds authorized to 

7 be appropriated under section 11 for Basic En8 ergy Sciences, there shall be made available to 

9 the Secretary to carry out the upgrade under 

10 this paragraph— 

11 (i) $36,000,000 for fiscal year 2018; 

12 and 

13 (ii) $60,800,000 for fiscal year 2019. 

14 (3) SPALLATION NEUTRON SOURCE SECOND TAR15 GET STATION.— 

16 (A) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall pro17 vide for a second target station for the Spall18 ation Neutron Source. 

19 (B) DEFINITION OF SECOND TARGET STA20 TION.—For the purposes of this paragraph, the 

21 term ‘‘second target station’’ means the Spall22 ation Neutron Source second target station de23 scribed in— 

24 (i) the publication of the Office of 

25 Science of the Department of Energy titled 


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1 ‘‘Facilities for the Future of Science: A 

2 Twenty-Year Outlook’’, published December 

3 2003; 

4 (ii) the publication of the Office of 

5 Science of the Department of Energy titled 

6 ‘‘Four Years Later: An Interim Report on 

7 Facilities for the Future of Science: A 

8 Twenty-Year Outlook’’, published August 

9 2007; and 

10 (iii) the publication approved by the 

11 Basic Energy Sciences Advisory Committee 

12 on June 9, 2016, titled ‘‘Report on Facility 

13 Upgrades’’. 

14 (C) START OF OPERATIONS.—The Secretary 

15 shall, to the maximum extent practicable, ensure 

16 that the start of full operations of the second tar17 get station under this paragraph occurs before 

18 December 31, 2030, with the option for early op19 eration in 2028. 

20 (D) FUNDING.—Out of funds authorized to 

21 be appropriated under section 11 for Basic En22 ergy Sciences, there shall be made available to 

23 the Secretary to carry out activities, including 

24 construction, under this paragraph— 

25 (i) $5,000,000 for fiscal year 2018; and 


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1 (ii) $10,000,000 for fiscal year 2019. 

2 (4) ADVANCED LIGHT SOURCE UPGRADE.— 

3 (A) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall pro4 vide for the upgrade to the Advanced Light 

5 Source described in the publication approved by 

6 the Basic Energy Sciences Advisory Committee 

7 on June 9, 2016, titled ‘‘Report on Facility Up8 grades’’, including the development of a multi9 bend achromat lattice to produce a high flux of 

10 coherent x-rays within the soft x-ray energy re11 gion. 

12 (B) DEFINITIONS.—In this paragraph: 

13 (i) FLUX.—The term ‘‘flux’’ means the 

14 rate of flow of photons. 

15 (ii) SOFT X-RAY.—The term ‘‘soft x16 ray’’ means a photon with energy in the 

17 range from 50 to 2,000 electron volts. 

18 (C) START OF OPERATIONS.—The Secretary 

19 shall, to the maximum extent practicable, ensure 

20 that the start of full operations of the upgrade 

21 under this paragraph occurs before December 31, 

22 2026. 

23 (D) FUNDING.—Out of funds authorized to 

24 be appropriated under section 11 for Basic En25 ergy Sciences, there shall be made available to 


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1 the Secretary to carry out the upgrade under 

2 this paragraph— 

3 (i) $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2018; 

4 and 

5 (ii) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2019. 

6 (5) LINAC COHERENT LIGHT SOURCE II HIGH

7 ENERGY UPGRADE.— 

8 (A) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall pro9 vide for the upgrade to the Linac Coherent Light 

10 Source II facility described in the publication 

11 approved by the Basic Energy Sciences Advisory 

12 Committee on June 9, 2016, titled ‘‘Report on 

13 Facility Upgrades’’, including the development of 

14 experimental capabilities for high energy x-rays 

15 to reveal fundamental scientific discoveries. The 

16 Secretary shall ensure the upgrade under this 

17 paragraph enables the production and use of 

18 high energy, ultra-short pulse x-rays delivered at 

19 a high repetition rate. 

20 (B) DEFINITIONS.—In this paragraph: 

21 (i) HIGH ENERGY X-RAY.—The term a 

22 ‘‘high energy x-ray’’ means a photon with 

23 an energy at or exceeding 12 kiloelectron 

24 volts. 


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1 (ii) HIGH REPETITION RATE.—The 

2 term ‘‘high repetition rate’’ means the deliv3 ery of x-ray pulses up to one million pulses 

4 per second. 

5 (iii) ULTRA-SHORT PULSE X-RAYS.— 

6 The term ‘‘ultra-short pulse x-rays’’ means 

7 x-ray bursts capable of durations of less 

8 than one hundred femtoseconds. 

9 (C) START OF OPERATIONS.—The Secretary 

10 shall, to the maximum extent practicable, ensure 

11 that the start of full operations of the upgrade 

12 under this paragraph occurs before December 31, 

13 2025. 

14 (D) FUNDING.—Out of funds authorized to 

15 be appropriated under section 11 for Basic En16 ergy Sciences, there shall be made available to 

17 the Secretary to carry out the upgrade under 

18 this paragraph— 

19 (i) $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2018; 

20 and 

21 (ii) $55,000,000 for fiscal year 2019. 

22 (e) ACCELERATOR RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT.— 

23 The Director shall carry out research and development on 

24 advanced accelerator and storage ring technologies relevant 

25 to the development of Basic Energy Sciences user facilities, 


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1 in consultation with the Office of Science’s High Energy 

2 Physics and Nuclear Physics programs. 

3 (f) SOLAR FUELS RESEARCH INITIATIVE.— 

4 (1) IN GENERAL.—Section 973 of the Energy 

5 Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16313) is amended to 

6 read as follows: 

7 ‘‘SEC. 973. SOLAR FUELS RESEARCH INITIATIVE. 

8 ‘‘(a) INITIATIVE.— 

9 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall carry 

10 out a research initiative, to be known as the ‘Solar 

11 Fuels Research Initiative’ (referred to in this section 

12 as the ‘Initiative’) to expand theoretical and funda13 mental knowledge of photochemistry, electrochemistry, 

14 biochemistry, and materials science useful for the 

15 practical development of experimental systems to con16 vert solar energy to chemical energy. 

17 ‘‘(2) LEVERAGING.—In carrying out programs 

18 and activities under the Initiative, the Secretary shall 

19 leverage expertise and resources from— 

20 ‘‘(A) the Basic Energy Sciences Program 

21 and the Biological and Environmental Research 

22 Program of the Office of Science; and 

23 ‘‘(B) the Office of Energy Efficiency and 

24 Renewable Energy. 

25 ‘‘(3) TEAMS.— 


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1 ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—In carrying out the 

2 Initiative, the Secretary shall organize activities 

3 among multidisciplinary teams to leverage, to 

4 the maximum extent practicable, expertise from 

5 the National Laboratories, institutions of higher 

6 education, and the private sector. 

7 ‘‘(B) GOALS.—The multidisciplinary teams 

8 described in subparagraph (A) shall pursue ag9 gressive, milestone-driven, basic research goals. 

10 ‘‘(C) RESOURCES.—The Secretary shall 

11 provide sufficient resources to the multidisci12 plinary teams described in subparagraph (A) to 

13 achieve the goals described in subparagraph (B) 

14 over a period of time to be determined by the 

15 Secretary. 

16 ‘‘(4) ADDITIONAL ACTIVITIES.—The Secretary 

17 may organize additional activities under this sub18 section through Energy Frontier Research Centers, 

19 Energy Innovation Hubs, or other organizational 

20 structures. 

21 ‘‘(b) ARTIFICIAL PHOTOSYNTHESIS.— 

22 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall carry 

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1 cover knowledge relevant to, artificial photosynthetic 

2 systems. 

3 ‘‘(2) ACTIVITIES.—As part of the program de4 scribed in paragraph (1)— 

5 ‘‘(A) the Director of the Office of Basic En6 ergy Sciences shall support basic research to pur7 sue distinct lines of scientific inquiry, includ8 ing— 

9 ‘‘(i) photoinduced production of hydro10 gen and oxygen from water; and 

11 ‘‘(ii) the sustainable photoinduced re12 duction of carbon dioxide to fuel products 

13 including hydrocarbons, alcohols, carbon 

14 monoxide, and natural gas; and 

15 ‘‘(B) the Assistant Secretary for Energy Ef16 ficiency and Renewable Energy shall support 

17 translational research, development, and valida18 tion of physical concepts developed under the 

19 program. 

20 ‘‘(3) STANDARD OF REVIEW.—The Secretary 

21 shall review activities carried out under the program 

22 described in paragraph (1) to determine the achieve23 ment of technical milestones. 

24 ‘‘(4) FUNDING.— 


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1 ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—From within funds au2 thorized to be appropriated under section 11 of 

3 the Department of Energy Science and Innova4 tion Act of 2018, for Basic Energy Sciences, the 

5 Secretary shall make available for carrying out 

6 activities under this subsection $50,000,000 for 

7 each of fiscal years 2018 through 2019. 

8 ‘‘(B) PROHIBITION.—No funds allocated to 

9 the program described in paragraph (1) may be 

10 obligated or expended for commercial application 

11 of energy technology. 

12 ‘‘(c) BIOCHEMISTRY, REPLICATION OF NATURAL PHO13 TOSYNTHESIS, AND RELATED PROCESSES.— 

14 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall carry 

15 out under the Initiative a program to support re16 search needed to replicate natural photosynthetic 

17 processes by use of artificial photosynthetic compo18 nents and materials. 

19 ‘‘(2) ACTIVITIES.—As part of the program de20 scribed in paragraph (1)— 

21 ‘‘(A) the Director of the Office of Basic En22 ergy Sciences shall support basic research to ex23 pand fundamental knowledge to replicate nat24 ural synthesis processes, including— 


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1 ‘‘(i) the photoinduced reduction of 

2 dinitrogen to ammonia; 

3 ‘‘(ii) the absorption of carbon dioxide 

4 from ambient air; 

5 ‘‘(iii) molecular-based charge separa6 tion and storage; 

7 ‘‘(iv) photoinitiated electron transfer; 

8 and 

9 ‘‘(v) catalysis in biological or bio10 mimetic systems; 

11 ‘‘(B) the Associate Director of Biological 

12 and Environmental Research shall support sys13 tems biology and genomics approaches to under14 stand genetic and physiological pathways con15 nected to photosynthetic mechanisms; and 

16 ‘‘(C) the Assistant Secretary for Energy Ef17 ficiency and Renewable Energy shall support 

18 translational research, development, and valida19 tion of physical concepts developed under the 

20 program. 

21 ‘‘(3) STANDARD OF REVIEW.—The Secretary 

22 shall review activities carried out under the program 

23 described in paragraph (1) to determine the achieve24 ment of technical milestones. 

25 ‘‘(4) FUNDING.— 


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1 ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—From within funds au2 thorized to be appropriated under section 11 of 

3 the Department of Energy Science and Innova4 tion Act of 2018, for Basic Energy Sciences and 

5 Biological and Environmental Research, the Sec6 retary shall make available for carrying out ac7 tivities under this subsection $50,000,000 for 

8 each of fiscal years 2018 through 2019. 

9 ‘‘(B) PROHIBITION.—No funds allocated to 

10 the program described in paragraph (1) may be 

11 obligated or expended for commercial application 

12 of energy technology.’’. 

13 (2) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—The table of 

14 contents for the Energy Policy Act of 2005 is amend15 ed by striking the item relating to section 973 and in16 serting the following: 

‘‘Sec. 973. Solar fuels research initiative.’’. 

17 (g) ELECTRICITY STORAGE RESEARCH INITIATIVE.— 

18 (1) IN GENERAL.—Section 975 of the Energy 

19 Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16315) is amended to 

20 read as follows: 

21 ‘‘SEC. 975. ELECTRICITY STORAGE RESEARCH INITIATIVE. 

22 ‘‘(a) INITIATIVE.— 

23 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall carry 

24 out a research initiative, to be known as the ‘ElecVerDate Sep 11 2014 20:48 Jun 27, 2018 Jkt 079200 PO 00000 Frm 00018 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6203 E:\BILLS\H5905.RH H5905

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1 tricity Storage Research Initiative’ (referred to in 

2 this section as the ‘Initiative’)— 

3 ‘‘(A) to expand theoretical and fundamental 

4 knowledge to control, store, and convert— 

5 ‘‘(i) electrical energy to chemical en6 ergy; and 

7 ‘‘(ii) chemical energy to electrical en8 ergy; and 

9 ‘‘(B) to support scientific inquiry into the 

10 practical understanding of chemical and phys11 ical processes that occur within systems involv12 ing crystalline and amorphous solids, polymers, 

13 and organic and aqueous liquids. 

14 ‘‘(2) LEVERAGING.—In carrying out programs 

15 and activities under the Initiative, the Secretary shall 

16 leverage expertise and resources from— 

17 ‘‘(A) the Basic Energy Sciences Program, 

18 the Advanced Scientific Computing Research 

19 Program, and the Biological and Environmental 

20 Research Program of the Office of Science; and 

21 ‘‘(B) the Office of Energy Efficiency and 

22 Renewable Energy. 

23 ‘‘(3) TEAMS.— 

24 ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—In carrying out the 

25 Initiative, the Secretary shall organize activities 


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1 among multidisciplinary teams to leverage, to 

2 the maximum extent practicable, expertise from 

3 the National Laboratories, institutions of higher 

4 education, and the private sector. 

5 ‘‘(B) GOALS.—The multidisciplinary teams 

6 described in subparagraph (A) shall pursue ag7 gressive, milestone-driven, basic research goals. 

8 ‘‘(C) RESOURCES.—The Secretary shall 

9 provide sufficient resources to the multidisci10 plinary teams described in subparagraph (A) to 

11 achieve the goals described in subparagraph (B) 

12 over a period of time to be determined by the 

13 Secretary. 

14 ‘‘(4) ADDITIONAL ACTIVITIES.—The Secretary 

15 may organize additional activities under this sub16 section through Energy Frontier Research Centers, 

17 Energy Innovation Hubs, or other organizational 

18 structures. 

19 ‘‘(b) MULTIVALENT SYSTEMS.— 

20 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall carry 

21 out under the Initiative a program to support re22 search needed to bridge scientific barriers to, and dis23 cover knowledge relevant to, multivalent ion materials 

24 in electric energy storage systems. 


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1 ‘‘(2) ACTIVITIES.—As part of the program de2 scribed in paragraph (1)— 

3 ‘‘(A) the Director of the Office of Basic En4 ergy Sciences shall investigate electrochemical 

5 properties and the dynamics of materials, in6 cluding charge transfer phenomena and mass 

7 transport in materials; and 

8 ‘‘(B) the Assistant Secretary for Energy Ef9 ficiency and Renewable Energy shall support 

10 translational research, development, and valida11 tion of physical concepts developed under the 

12 program. 

13 ‘‘(3) STANDARD OF REVIEW.—The Secretary 

14 shall review activities carried out under the program 

15 described in paragraph (1) to determine the achieve16 ment of technical milestones. 

17 ‘‘(4) FUNDING.— 

18 ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—From within funds au19 thorized to be appropriated under section 11 of 

20 the Department of Energy Science and Innova21 tion Act of 2018, for Basic Energy Sciences and 

22 Biological and Environmental Research, the Sec23 retary shall make available for carrying out ac24 tivities under this subsection $50,000,000 for 

25 each of the fiscal years 2018 through 2019. 


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1 ‘‘(B) PROHIBITION.—No funds allocated to 

2 the program described in paragraph (1) may be 

3 obligated or expended for commercial application 

4 of energy technology. 

5 ‘‘(c) ELECTROCHEMISTRY MODELING AND SIMULA6 TION.— 

7 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall carry 

8 out under the Initiative a program to support re9 search to model and simulate organic electrolytes, in10 cluding the static and dynamic electrochemical behav11 ior and phenomena of organic electrolytes at the mo12 lecular and atomic level in monovalent and multi13 valent systems. 

14 ‘‘(2) ACTIVITIES.—As part of the program de15 scribed in paragraph (1)— 

16 ‘‘(A) the Director of the Office of Basic En17 ergy Sciences, in coordination with the Associate 

18 Director of Advanced Scientific Computing Re19 search, shall support the development of high 

20 performance computational tools through a joint 

21 development process to maximize the effectiveness 

22 of current and projected high performance com23 puting systems; and 

24 ‘‘(B) the Assistant Secretary for Energy Ef25 ficiency and Renewable Energy shall support 


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1 translational research, development, and valida2 tion of physical concepts developed under the 

3 program. 

4 ‘‘(3) STANDARD OF REVIEW.—The Secretary 

5 shall review activities carried out under the program 

6 described in paragraph (1) to determine the achieve7 ment of technical milestones. 

8 ‘‘(4) FUNDING.— 

9 ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—From within funds au10 thorized to be appropriated under section 11 of 

11 the Department of Energy Science and Innova12 tion Act of 2018, for Basic Energy Sciences and 

13 Advanced Scientific Computing Research, the 

14 Secretary shall make available for carrying out 

15 activities under this subsection $30,000,000 for 

16 each of the fiscal years 2018 through 2019. 

17 ‘‘(B) PROHIBITION.—No funds allocated to 

18 the program described in paragraph (1) may be 

19 obligated or expended for commercial application 

20 of energy technology. 

21 ‘‘(d) MESOSCALE ELECTROCHEMISTRY.— 

22 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall carry 

23 out under the Initiative a program to support re24 search needed to reveal electrochemistry in confined 


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1 mesoscale spaces, including scientific discoveries rel2 evant to— 

3 ‘‘(A) bio-electrochemistry and electro4 chemical energy conversion and storage in con5 fined spaces; and 

6 ‘‘(B) the dynamics of the phenomena de7 scribed in subparagraph (A). 

8 ‘‘(2) ACTIVITIES.—As part of the program de9 scribed in paragraph (1)— 

10 ‘‘(A) the Director of the Office of Basic En11 ergy Sciences and the Associate Director of Bio12 logical and Environmental Research shall inves13 tigate phenomena of mesoscale electrochemical 

14 confinement for the purpose of replicating and 

15 controlling new electrochemical behavior; and 

16 ‘‘(B) the Assistant Secretary for Energy Ef17 ficiency and Renewable Energy shall support 

18 translational research, development, and valida19 tion of physical concepts developed under the 

20 program. 

21 ‘‘(3) STANDARD OF REVIEW.—The Secretary 

22 shall review activities carried out under the program 

23 described in paragraph (1) to determine the achieve24 ment of technical milestones. 

25 ‘‘(4) FUNDING.— 


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1 ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—From within funds au2 thorized to be appropriated under section 11 of 

3 the Department of Energy Science and Innova4 tion Act of 2018, for Basic Energy Sciences and 

5 Biological and Environmental Research, the Sec6 retary shall make available for carrying out ac7 tivities under this subsection $20,000,000 for 

8 each of fiscal years 2018 through 2019. 

9 ‘‘(B) PROHIBITION.—No funds allocated to 

10 the program described in paragraph (1) may be 

11 obligated or expended for commercial application 

12 of energy technology.’’. 

13 (2) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—The table of 

14 contents for the Energy Policy Act of 2005 is amend15 ed by striking the item relating to section 975 and in16 serting the following: 

‘‘Sec. 975. Electricity storage research initiative.’’. 

17 (h) ENERGY FRONTIER RESEARCH CENTERS.— 

18 (1) IN GENERAL.—The Director shall carry out 

19 a program to provide awards, on a competitive, 

20 merit-reviewed basis, to multi-institutional collabora21 tions or other appropriate entities to conduct funda22 mental and use-inspired energy research to accelerate 

23 scientific breakthroughs. 


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1 (2) COLLABORATIONS.—A collaboration receiving 

2 an award under this subsection may include multiple 

3 types of institutions and private sector entities. 

4 (3) SELECTION AND DURATION.— 

5 (A) IN GENERAL.—A collaboration under 

6 this subsection shall be selected for a period of 4 

7 years. 

8 (B) EXISTING CENTERS.—An Energy Fron9 tier Research Center in existence and supported 

10 by the Director on the date of enactment of this 

11 Act may continue to receive support for a period 

12 of 4 years beginning on the date of establishment 

13 of that center. 

14 (C) REAPPLICATION.—After the end of the 

15 period described in subparagraph (A) or (B), as 

16 applicable, a recipient of an award may reapply 

17 for selection on a competitive, merit-reviewed 

18 basis. 

19 (D) TERMINATION.—Consistent with the ex20 isting authorities of the Department, the Direc21 tor may terminate an underperforming center 

22 for cause during the performance period. 

23 (i) MATERIALS RESEARCH DATABASE.— 

24 (1) IN GENERAL.—As part of the program in 

25 materials sciences and engineering, the Director shall 


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1 support the development of a web-based platform to 

2 provide access to a database of computed information 

3 on known and predicted materials properties and 

4 computational tools to accelerate breakthroughs in 

5 materials discovery and design. 

6 (2) In carrying out this section, the Director 

7 shall— 

8 (A) conduct cooperative research with in9 dustry, academia, and other research institutions 

10 to facilitate the design of novel materials; 

11 (B) leverage existing high performance com12 puting systems to conduct high-throughput cal13 culations, and develop computational and data 

14 mining algorithms for the prediction of material 

15 properties; 

16 (C) advance understanding, prediction, and 

17 manipulation of materials; 

18 (D) strengthen the foundation for new tech19 nologies and advanced manufacturing; and 

20 (E) drive the development of advanced ma21 terials for applications that span the Depart22 ment’s missions in energy, environment, and na23 tional security. 


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1 (3) In carrying out this section, the Director 

2 shall leverage programs and activities across the De3 partment. 

4 SEC. 5. ADVANCED SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING RESEARCH. 

5 (a) PROGRAM.—The Director shall carry out a re6 search, development, and demonstration program to ad7 vance computational and networking capabilities to ana8 lyze, model, simulate, and predict complex phenomena rel9 evant to the development of new energy technologies and 

10 the competitiveness of the United States. 

11 (b) AMERICAN SUPER COMPUTING LEADERSHIP.— 

12 (1) RENAMING OF ACT.— 

13 (A) IN GENERAL.—Section 1 of the Depart14 ment of Energy High-End Computing Revital15 ization Act of 2004 (15 U.S.C. 5501 note; Public 

16 Law 108–423) is amended by striking ‘‘Depart17 ment of Energy High-End Computing Revital18 ization Act of 2004’’ and inserting ‘‘American 

19 Super Computing Leadership Act’’. 

20 (B) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—Section 

21 976(a)(1) of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 

22 U.S.C. 16316(1)) is amended by striking ‘‘De23 partment of Energy High-End Computing Revi24 talization Act of 2004’’ and inserting ‘‘American 

25 Super Computing Leadership Act’’. 


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1 (2) DEFINITIONS.—Section 2 of the American 

2 Super Computing Leadership Act (15 U.S.C. 5541), 

3 as renamed by paragraph (1), is amended— 

4 (A) by redesignating paragraphs (2) 

5 through (5) as paragraphs (3) through (6), re6 spectively; 

7 (B) by striking paragraph (1) and inserting 

8 the following: 

9 ‘‘(1) DEPARTMENT.—The term ‘Department’ 

10 means the Department of Energy. 

11 ‘‘(2) EXASCALE COMPUTING.—The term ‘exascale 

12 computing’ means computing through the use of a 

13 computing machine that performs near or above 10 to 

14 the 18th power operations per second.’’; and 

15 (C) in paragraph (6) (as redesignated by 

16 subparagraph (A)), by striking ‘‘, acting through 

17 the Director of the Office of Science of the De18 partment of Energy’’. 

19 (3) DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY HIGH-END COM20 PUTING RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM.— 

21 Section 3 of the American Super Computing Leader22 ship Act (15 U.S.C. 5542), as renamed by paragraph 

23 (1), is amended— 


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1 (A) in subsection (a)(1), by striking ‘‘pro2 gram’’ and inserting ‘‘coordinated program 

3 across the Department’’; 

4 (B) in subsection (b)(2), by striking ‘‘, 

5 which may’’ and all that follows through ‘‘multi6 threading architectures’’; and 

7 (C) by striking subsection (d) and inserting 

8 the following: 

9 ‘‘(d) EXASCALE COMPUTING PROGRAM.— 

10 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall conduct 

11 a research program (referred to in this subsection as 

12 the ‘Program’) for exascale computing, including the 

13 development of two or more exascale computing ma14 chine architectures, to promote the missions of the De15 partment. 

16 ‘‘(2) EXECUTION.— 

17 ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—In carrying out the 

18 Program, the Secretary shall— 

19 ‘‘(i) establish a National Laboratory 

20 partnership for industry partners and insti21 tutions of higher education for codesign of 

22 exascale hardware, technology, software, and 

23 applications across all applicable organiza24 tions of the Department; 


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1 ‘‘(ii) acquire multiple exascale com2 puting systems at the existing Departmental 

3 facilities that represent at least two distinct 

4 technology options developed under clause 

5 (i); 

6 ‘‘(iii) develop such advancements in 

7 hardware and software technology as are re8 quired to fully realize the potential of an 

9 exascale production system in addressing 

10 Department target applications and solving 

11 scientific problems involving predictive 

12 modeling and simulation, large scale data 

13 analytics and management, and artificial 

14 intelligence; 

15 ‘‘(iv) explore the use of exascale com16 puting technologies to advance a broad 

17 range of science and engineering; and 

18 ‘‘(v) provide, as appropriate, on a 

19 competitive, merit-reviewed basis, access for 

20 researchers in industries in the United 

21 States, institutions of higher education, Na22 tional Laboratories, and other Federal agen23 cies to the exascale computing systems de24 veloped pursuant to clause (i). 


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1 ‘‘(B) SELECTION OF PARTNERS.—The Sec2 retary shall select the partnerships with the com3 puting facilities of the Department under sub4 paragraph (A) through a competitive, peer-re5 view process. 

6 ‘‘(3) CODESIGN AND APPLICATION DEVELOP7 MENT.— 

8 ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall— 

9 ‘‘(i) carry out the Program through an 

10 integration of applications, computer 

11 science, applied mathematics, and computer 

12 hardware architecture using the partner13 ships established pursuant to paragraph (2) 

14 to ensure that, to the maximum extent prac15 ticable, two or more exascale computing 

16 machine architectures are capable of solving 

17 Department target applications and broader 

18 scientific problems, including predictive 

19 modeling and simulation, large scale data 

20 analytics and management, and artificial 

21 intelligence; and 

22 ‘‘(ii) conduct outreach programs to in23 crease the readiness for the use of such plat24 forms by domestic industries, including 

25 manufacturers. 


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1 ‘‘(B) REPORT.—(i) The Secretary shall sub2 mit to Congress a report describing how the inte3 gration under subparagraph (A) is furthering 

4 application science data and computational 

5 workloads across application interests, including 

6 national security, material science, physical 

7 science, cybersecurity, biological science, the Ma8 terials Genome and BRAIN Initiatives of the 

9 President, advanced manufacturing, and the na10 tional electric grid. 

11 ‘‘(ii) The roles and responsibilities of Na12 tional Laboratories and industry, including the 

13 definition of the roles and responsibilities within 

14 the Department to ensure an integrated program 

15 across the Department. 

16 ‘‘(4) PROJECT REVIEW.— 

17 ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The exascale architec18 tures developed pursuant to partnerships estab19 lished pursuant to paragraph (2) shall be re20 viewed through a project review process. 

21 ‘‘(B) REPORT.—Not later than 90 days 

22 after the date of enactment of this subsection, the 

23 Secretary shall submit to Congress a report on— 

24 ‘‘(i) the results of the review conducted 

25 under subparagraph (A); and 


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1 ‘‘(ii) the coordination and manage2 ment of the Program to ensure an inte3 grated research program across the Depart4 ment. 

5 ‘‘(5) ANNUAL REPORTS.—At the time of the 

6 budget submission of the Department for each fiscal 

7 year, the Secretary, in consultation with the members 

8 of the partnerships established pursuant to paragraph 

9 (2), shall submit to Congress a report that describes 

10 funding for the Program as a whole by functional ele11 ment of the Department and critical milestones.’’. 

12 (c) HIGH-PERFORMANCE COMPUTING AND NET13 WORKING RESEARCH.—The Director shall support research 

14 in high-performance computing and networking relevant to 

15 energy applications, including modeling, simulation, ma16 chine learning, and advanced data analytics for basic and 

17 applied energy research programs carried out by the Sec18 retary. 

19 (d) APPLIED MATHEMATICS AND SOFTWARE DEVEL20 OPMENT FOR HIGH-END COMPUTING SYSTEMS, COMPUTA21 TIONAL, AND COMPUTER SCIENCES RESEARCH.— 

22 (1) IN GENERAL.—The Director shall carry out 

23 activities to develop, test, and support— 


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1 (A) mathematics, models, statistics, and al2 gorithms for complex systems and programming 

3 environments; and 

4 (B) tools, languages, and operations for 

5 high-end computing systems (as defined in sec6 tion 2 of the American Super Computing Lead7 ership Act (15 U.S.C. 5541), as renamed by this 

8 section). 

9 (2) PORTFOLIO BALANCE.—The Director shall 

10 maintain a balanced portfolio within the advanced 

11 scientific computing research and development pro12 gram established under section 976 of the Energy Pol13 icy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16316) that supports ro14 bust investment in applied mathematical, computa15 tional, and computer sciences research while accom16 modating necessary investments in high-performance 

17 computing hardware and facilities. 

18 (e) WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT.—The Director of the 

19 Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research shall 

20 support the development of a computational science work21 force through a program that— 

22 (1) facilitates collaboration between university 

23 students and researchers at the National Laboratories; 

24 and 


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1 (2) endeavors to advance science in areas rel2 evant to the mission of the Department through the 

3 application of computational science. 

4 SEC. 6. HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS. 

5 (a) PROGRAM.—The Director shall carry out a re6 search program on the fundamental constituents of matter 

7 and energy and the nature of space and time. 

8 (b) MISSION.—The mission of the program described 

9 in subsection (a) shall be to support theoretical and experi10 mental research in both elementary particle physics and 

11 fundamental accelerator science and technology to under12 stand fundamental properties of the universe. 

13 (c) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of the Con14 gress that— 

15 (1) the Director should incorporate the findings 

16 and recommendations of the Particle Physics Project 

17 Prioritization Panel’s report entitled ‘‘Building for 

18 Discovery: Strategic Plan for U.S. Particle Physics in 

19 the Global Context’’, into the Department’s planning 

20 process as part of the program described in subsection 

21 (a); 

22 (2) the Director should prioritize domestically 

23 hosted research projects that will maintain the United 

24 States position as a global leader in particle physics 

25 and attract the world’s most talented physicists and 


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1 foreign investment for international collaboration; 

2 and 

3 (3) the nations that lead in particle physics by 

4 hosting international teams dedicated to a common 

5 scientific goal attract the world’s best talent and in6 spire future generations of physicists and tech7 nologists. 

8 (d) NEUTRINO RESEARCH.—As part of the program 

9 described in subsection (a), the Director shall carry out re10 search activities on rare decay processes and the nature of 

11 the neutrino, which may include collaborations with the 

12 National Science Foundation or international collabora13 tions. 

14 (e) LONG-BASELINE NEUTRINO FACILITY FOR DEEP

15 UNDERGROUND NEUTRINO EXPERIMENT.— 

16 (1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall provide 

17 for a Long-Baseline Neutrino Facility to facilitate the 

18 international Deep Underground Neutrino Experi19 ment to enable a program in neutrino physics to 

20 measure the fundamental properties of neutrinos, ex21 plore physics beyond the Standard Model, and better 

22 clarify the nature of matter and antimatter. 

23 (2) FACILITY CAPABILITIES.—The Secretary 

24 shall ensure that the facility described in paragraph 


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1 (1) will provide, at a minimum, the following capa2 bilities: 

3 (A) A broad-band neutrino beam capable of 

4 1.2 megawatts (MW) of beam power and 

5 upgradable to 2.4 MW of beam power. 

6 (B) Four caverns excavated for a forty kil7 oton fiducial detector mass and supporting sur8 face buildings and utilities. 

9 (C) Neutrino detector facilities at both the 

10 Far Site in South Dakota and the Near Site in 

11 Illinois to categorize and study neutrinos on 

12 their 800-mile journey between the two sites. 

13 (D) Cryogenic systems to support neutrino 

14 detectors. 

15 (3) START OF OPERATIONS.—The Secretary 

16 shall, to the maximum extent practicable, ensure that 

17 the start of full operations of the facility under this 

18 subsection occurs before December 31, 2026. 

19 (4) FUNDING.—Out of funds authorized to be ap20 propriated under section 11 for High Energy Physics, 

21 there shall be made available to the Secretary to carry 

22 out activities, including construction of the facility, 

23 under this subsection— 

24 (A) $95,000,000 for fiscal year 2018; and 

25 (B) $175,000,000 for fiscal year 2019. 


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1 (5) DARK ENERGY AND DARK MATTER RE2 SEARCH.—As part of the program described in para3 graph (1), the Director shall carry out research ac4 tivities on the nature of dark energy and dark matter, 

5 which may include collaborations with the National 

6 Aeronautics and Space Administration or the Na7 tional Science Foundation, or international collabora8 tions. 

9 (6) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATION.—The Di10 rector, as practicable and in coordination with other 

11 appropriate Federal agencies as necessary, shall en12 sure the access of United States researchers to the 

13 most advanced accelerator facilities and research ca14 pabilities in the world, including the Large Hadron 

15 Collider. 

16 SEC. 7. BIOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH. 

17 (a) PROGRAM.—The Director shall carry out a pro18 gram of basic research in the areas of biological systems 

19 science and environmental science relevant to the develop20 ment of new energy technologies and to support Department 

21 missions in energy, environment, and national security. 

22 (b) BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS.—The Director shall carry 

23 out research and development activities in fundamental, 

24 structural, computational, and systems biology to increase 


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1 systems-level understanding of the complex biological sys2 tems, which may include activities— 

3 (1) to accelerate breakthroughs and new knowl4 edge that would enable the cost-effective, sustainable 

5 production of— 

6 (A) biomass-based liquid transportation 

7 fuels; 

8 (B) bioenergy; and 

9 (C) biobased materials; 

10 (2) to improve understanding of the global car11 bon cycle, including processes for removing carbon di12 oxide from the atmosphere, through photosynthesis 

13 and other biological processes, for sequestration and 

14 storage; and 

15 (3) to understand the biological mechanisms used 

16 to transform, immobilize, or remove contaminants 

17 from subsurface environments. 

18 (c) BIOENERGY RESEARCH CENTERS.— 

19 (1) IN GENERAL.—In carrying out activities 

20 under subsection (a), the Director shall select and es21 tablish up to 4 bioenergy research centers to conduct 

22 basic and fundamental research in plant and micro23 bial systems biology, bio imaging and analysis, and 

24 genomics to inform the production of fuels, chemicals 


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1 from sustainable biomass resources, and to facilitate 

2 the translation of basic research results to industry. 

3 (2) SELECTION.—The Director shall select cen4 ters under paragraph (1) on a competitive, merit-re5 viewed basis. The Director shall consider applications 

6 from National Laboratories, multi-institutional col7 laborations, and other appropriate entities. 

8 (3) DURATION.—A center established under this 

9 subsection shall receive support for a period of not 

10 more than 5 years, subject to the availability of ap11 propriations. 

12 (4) EXISTING CENTERS.—The Director may se13 lect a center for participation under this subsection 

14 that is in existence, or undergoing a renewal process, 

15 on the date of enactment of this Act. Such center shall 

16 be eligible to receive support for the duration the 5- 

17 year period beginning on the date of establishment of 

18 such center. 

19 (5) RENEWAL.—Upon the expiration of any pe20 riod of support of a center under this subsection, the 

21 Director may renew support for the center, on a 

22 merit-reviewed basis, for a period of not more than 5 

23 years. 

24 (6) TERMINATION.—Consistent with the existing 

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1 minate an underperforming center for cause during 

2 the performance period. 

3 (d) LOW DOSE RADIATION RESEARCH PROGRAM.— 

4 (1) IN GENERAL.—Subtitle G of title IX of the 

5 Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16311 et seq.) 

6 is amended by inserting after section 977 the fol7 lowing new section: 

8 ‘‘SEC. 977A. LOW-DOSE RADIATION RESEARCH PROGRAM. 

9 ‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall carry out a 

10 basic research program on low-dose radiation to— 

11 ‘‘(1) enhance the scientific understanding of, and 

12 reduce uncertainties associated with, the effects of ex13 posure to low-dose radiation; and 

14 ‘‘(2) inform improved risk-assessment and risk15 management methods with respect to such radiation. 

16 ‘‘(b) PROGRAM COMPONENTS.—In carrying out the 

17 program required under subsection (a), the Secretary 

18 shall— 

19 ‘‘(1) formulate scientific goals for low-dose radi20 ation basic research in the United States; 

21 ‘‘(2) identify ongoing scientific challenges for un22 derstanding the long-term effects of ionizing radiation 

23 on biological systems; 

24 ‘‘(3) develop a long-term strategic and 

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1 entific challenges in coordination with other research 

2 efforts; 

3 ‘‘(4) leverage the collective body of knowledge 

4 from existing low-dose radiation research; and 

5 ‘‘(5) engage with other Federal agencies, research 

6 communities, and potential users of information pro7 duced under this section, including institutions con8 cerning radiation research, medical physics, radi9 ology, health physics, and emergency response. 

10 ‘‘(c) COORDINATION.—In carrying out the program, 

11 the Secretary, in coordination with the Physical Science 

12 Subcommittee of the National Science and Technology 

13 Council, shall— 

14 ‘‘(1) support the directives under section 106 of 

15 the American Innovation and Competitiveness Act 

16 (42 U.S.C. 6601 note); 

17 ‘‘(2) ensure that the Office of Science of the De18 partment of Energy consults with the National Aero19 nautics and Space Administration, the National In20 stitutes of Health, the Environmental Protection 

21 Agency, the Department of Defense, the Nuclear Regu22 latory Commission, and the Department of Homeland 

23 Security; 

24 ‘‘(3) advise and assist the National Science and 

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1 diation biology, including enhancing scientific knowl2 edge of the effects of low-dose radiation on biological 

3 systems to improve radiation risk-assessment and 

4 risk-management methods; and 

5 ‘‘(4) identify opportunities to stimulate inter6 national cooperation relating to low-dose radiation 

7 and leverage research and knowledge from sources 

8 outside of the United States. 

9 ‘‘(d) RESEARCH PLAN.—Not later than 180 days after 

10 the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall trans11 mit to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology 

12 of the House of Representatives and the Committee on En13 ergy and Natural Resources of the Senate a 4-year research 

14 plan that identifies and prioritizes basic research needs re15 lating to low-dose radiation. In developing such plan, the 

16 Secretary shall incorporate the components described in 

17 subsection (b). 

18 ‘‘(e) DEFINITION OF LOW-DOSE RADIATION.—In this 

19 section, the term ‘low-dose radiation’ means a radiation 

20 dose of less than 100 millisieverts. 

21 ‘‘(f) RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.—Nothing in this sec22 tion shall be construed to subject any research carried out 

23 by the Secretary for the program under this section to any 

24 limitations described in 977(e) of the Energy Policy Act 

25 of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16317(e)). 


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1 ‘‘(g) FUNDING.—From within funds authorized to be 

2 appropriated under section 11 of the Department of Energy 

3 Science and Innovation Act of 2018, for Biological and En4 vironmental Research, the Secretary make available to 

5 carry out this section— 

6 ‘‘(1) $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2018; and 

7 ‘‘(2) $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2019.’’. 

8 (2) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—The table of 

9 contents for subtitle G of title IX of the Energy Policy 

10 Act of 2005 is amended by inserting after the item re11 lating to section 977 the following: 

‘‘977A. Low-dose radiation research program.’’. 

12 (e) MODELING RESEARCH.—As part of the activities 

13 described in subsection (a), the Director is authorized to 

14 carry out research to develop multiscale computational 

15 models that incorporate and examine interactions among 

16 human and earth systems. 

17 (f) LIMITATION FOR RESEARCH FUNDS.—The Director 

18 shall not approve new climate science-related initiatives 

19 without making a determination that such work is well20 coordinated with any relevant work carried out by other 

21 Federal agencies. 

22 SEC. 8. FUSION ENERGY. 

23 (a) PROGRAM.—The Director shall carry out a fusion 

24 energy sciences research program to expand the under25 standing of plasmas and matter at very high temperatures 


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1 and densities and build the science and engineering founda2 tion needed to develop a fusion energy source. 

3 (b) INERTIAL FUSION ENERGY RESEARCH AND DE4 VELOPMENT PROGRAM.—The Secretary shall carry out a 

5 program of research and technology development in inertial 

6 fusion for energy applications, including ion beam, laser, 

7 and pulsed power fusion systems. 

8 (c) TOKAMAK RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT.— 

9 (1) IN GENERAL.—The Director shall support re10 search and development activities and facility oper11 ations to optimize the tokamak approach to fusion en12 ergy. 

13 (2) INTERNATIONAL THERMONUCLEAR EXPERI14 MENTAL REACTOR CONSTRUCTION.—Section 972 of 

15 the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16312) is 

16 amended by adding at the end the following new 

17 paragraph: 

18 ‘‘(7) ITER CONSTRUCTION.— 

19 ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—There is authorized 

20 United States participation in the construction 

21 and operations of the ITER project, as agreed to 

22 under the April 25, 2007 ‘Agreement on the Es23 tablishment of the ITER International Fusion 

24 Energy Organization for the Joint Implementa25 tion of the ITER Project.’. 


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1 ‘‘(B) FACILITY REQUIREMENTS.—The Sec2 retary shall ensure that the mission-oriented user 

3 facility will enable the study of a burning plas4 ma, and shall be built to have the following char5 acteristics in its full configuration: 

6 ‘‘(i) A tokamak device with a plasma 

7 radius of 6.2 meters and a magnetic field of 

8 5.3 T. 

9 ‘‘(ii) Capable of creating and sus10 taining a 15-million-Ampere plasma cur11 rent for greater than 300 seconds. 

12 ‘‘(C) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIA13 TIONS.—From within funds authorized to be ap14 propriated under section 11 of the Department of 

15 Energy Science and Innovation Act of 2018, for 

16 Fusion Energy Sciences, there is authorized for 

17 in-kind contributions under this paragraph— 

18 ‘‘(i) $122,000,000 for fiscal year 2018; 

19 and 

20 ‘‘(ii) $163,000,000 for fiscal year 2019. 

21 ‘‘(D) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIA22 TIONS.—From within funds authorized to be ap23 propriated under section 11 of the Department of 

24 Energy Science and Innovation Act of 2018, for 


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1 Fusion Energy Sciences, there is authorized for 

2 cash contributions under this paragraph— 

3 ‘‘(i) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2018; 

4 and 

5 ‘‘(ii) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 

6 2019.’’. 

7 (d) ALTERNATIVE AND ENABLING CONCEPTS.— 

8 (1) IN GENERAL.—As part of the program de9 scribed in subsection (a), the Director shall support 

10 research and development activities and facility oper11 ations at United States universities, national labora12 tories, and private facilities for a portfolio of alter13 native and enabling fusion energy concepts that may 

14 provide solutions to significant challenges to the es15 tablishment of a commercial magnetic fusion power 

16 plant, prioritized based on the ability of the United 

17 States to play a leadership role in the international 

18 fusion research community. Fusion energy concepts 

19 and activities explored under this paragraph may in20 clude— 

21 (A) high magnetic field approaches facili22 tated by high temperature superconductors; 

23 (B) advanced stellarator concepts; 

24 (C) non-tokamak confinement configura25 tions operating at low magnetic fields; 


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1 (D) magnetized target fusion energy con2 cepts; 

3 (E) liquid metals to address issues associ4 ated with fusion plasma interactions with the 

5 inner wall of the encasing device; 

6 (F) immersion blankets for heat manage7 ment and fuel breeding; 

8 (G) advanced scientific computing activi9 ties; and 

10 (H) other promising fusion energy concepts 

11 identified by the Director. 

12 (2) COORDINATION WITH ARPA–E.—The Under 

13 Secretary and the Director shall coordinate with the 

14 Director of the Advanced Research Projects Agency– 

15 Energy (in this paragraph referred to as ‘‘ARPA–E’’) 

16 to— 

17 (A) assess the potential for any fusion en18 ergy project supported by ARPA–E to represent 

19 a promising approach to a commercially viable 

20 fusion power plant; 

21 (B) determine whether the results of any fu22 sion energy project supported by ARPA–E merit 

23 the support of follow-on research activities car24 ried out by the Office of Science; and 


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1 (C) avoid unintentional duplication of ac2 tivities. 

3 (e) FAIRNESS IN COMPETITION FOR SOLICITATIONS

4 FOR INTERNATIONAL PROJECT ACTIVITIES.—Section 33 of 

5 the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 (42 U.S.C. 2053) is amend6 ed by inserting before the first sentence the following: ‘‘In 

7 this section, with respect to international research projects, 

8 the term ‘private facilities or laboratories’ means facilities 

9 or laboratories located in the United States.’’. 

10 (f) IDENTIFICATION OF PRIORITIES.— 

11 (1) REPORT.— 

12 (A) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 2 years 

13 after the date of enactment of this Act, the Sec14 retary shall submit to Congress a report on the 

15 fusion energy research and development activities 

16 that the Department proposes to carry out over 

17 the 10-year period following the date of the re18 port under not fewer than 3 realistic budget sce19 narios, including a scenario based on 3-percent 

20 annual growth in the non-ITER portion of the 

21 budget for fusion energy research and develop22 ment activities. 

23 (B) INCLUSIONS.—The report required 

24 under subparagraph (A) shall— 


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1 (i) identify specific areas of fusion en2 ergy research and enabling technology devel3 opment, including activities to advance in4 ertial and alternative fusion energy con5 cepts, in which the United States can and 

6 should establish or solidify a lead in the 

7 global fusion energy development effort; 

8 (ii) identify priorities for initiation of 

9 facility construction and facility decommis10 sioning under each of the three budget sce11 narios described in subparagraph (A); and 

12 (iii) assess the ability of the fusion 

13 workforce of the United States to carry out 

14 the activities identified under clauses (i) 

15 and (ii), including the adequacy of pro16 grams at institutions of higher education in 

17 the United States to train the leaders and 

18 workers of the next generation of fusion en19 ergy researchers. 

20 (2) PROCESS.—In order to develop the report re21 quired under paragraph (1)(A), the Secretary shall le22 verage best practices and lessons learned from the 

23 process used to develop the most recent report of the 

24 Particle Physics Project Prioritization Panel of the 

25 High Energy Physics Advisory Panel. 


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1 (3) REQUIREMENT.—No member of the Fusion 

2 Energy Sciences Advisory Committee shall be ex3 cluded from participating in developing or voting on 

4 final approval of the report required under paragraph 

5 (1)(A). 

6 SEC. 9. NUCLEAR PHYSICS. 

7 (a) PROGRAM.—The Director shall carry out a pro8 gram of experimental and theoretical research, and support 

9 associated facilities, to discover, explore, and understand all 

10 forms of nuclear matter. 

11 (b) ISOTOPE DEVELOPMENT AND PRODUCTION FOR

12 RESEARCH APPLICATIONS.—The Director— 

13 (1) may carry out a program for the production 

14 of isotopes, including the development of techniques to 

15 produce isotopes, that the Secretary determines are 

16 needed for research, medical, industrial, or related 

17 purposes; and 

18 (2) shall ensure that isotope production activities 

19 carried out under the program under this paragraph 

20 do not compete with private industry unless the Di21 rector determines that critical national interests re22 quire the involvement of the Federal Government. 

23 (c) RENAMING OF THE RARE ISOTOPE ACCEL24 ERATOR.—Section 981 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 

25 (42 U.S.C. 16321) is amended— 


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1 (1) in the section heading, by striking ‘‘RARE

2 ISOTOPE ACCELERATOR’’ and inserting ‘‘FACIL3 ITY FOR RARE ISOTOPE BEAMS’’; and 

4 (2) by striking ‘‘Rare Isotope Accelerator’’ each 

5 place it appears and inserting ‘‘Facility for Rare Iso6 tope Beams’’. 

7 (d) FACILITY FOR RARE ISOTOPE BEAMS.— 

8 (1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall provide 

9 for a Facility for Rare Isotope Beams to advance the 

10 understanding of rare nuclear isotopes and the evo11 lution of the cosmos. 

12 (2) FACILITY CAPABILITY.—In carrying out 

13 paragraph (1), the Secretary shall provide for, at a 

14 minimum, a rare isotope beam facility capable of 400 

15 kW of beam power. 

16 (3) START OF OPERATIONS.—The Secretary 

17 shall, to the maximum extent practicable, ensure that 

18 the start of full operations of the facility under this 

19 subsection occurs before June 30, 2022, with early op20 eration in 2018. 

21 (4) FUNDING.—Out of funds authorized to be ap22 propriated under section 11 for Nuclear Physics, there 

23 shall be made available to the Secretary to carry out 

24 activities, including construction of the facility, under 

25 this subsection— 


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1 (A) $101,200,000 for fiscal year 2018; and 

2 (B) $86,000,000 for fiscal year 2019. 

3 SEC. 10. SCIENCE LABORATORIES INFRASTRUCTURE PRO4 GRAM. 

5 (a) IN GENERAL.—The Director shall carry out a pro6 gram to improve the safety, efficiency, and mission readi7 ness of infrastructure at Office of Science laboratories. The 

8 program shall include projects to— 

9 (1) renovate or replace space that does not meet 

10 research needs; 

11 (2) replace facilities that are no longer cost effec12 tive to renovate or operate; 

13 (3) modernize utility systems to prevent failures 

14 and ensure efficiency; 

15 (4) remove excess facilities to allow safe and effi16 cient operations; and 

17 (5) construct modern facilities to conduct ad18 vanced research in controlled environmental condi19 tions. 

20 (b) APPROACH.—In carrying out this section, the Di21 rector shall utilize all available approaches and mecha22 nisms, including capital line items, minor construction 

23 projects, energy savings performance contracts, utility en24 ergy service contracts, alternative financing, and expense 

25 funding, as appropriate. 


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1 SEC. 11. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. 

2 (a) FISCAL YEAR 2018.—There are authorized to be 

3 appropriated to the Secretary for the Office of Science for 

4 fiscal year 2018 $6,259,903,000, of which— 

5 (1) $2,090,000,000 shall be for Basic Energy 

6 Science; 

7 (2) $908,000,000 shall be for High Energy Phys8 ics; 

9 (3) $673,000,000 shall be for Biological and En10 vironmental Research; 

11 (4) $684,000,000 shall be for Nuclear Physics; 

12 (5) $810,000,000 shall be for Advanced Scientific 

13 Computing Research; 

14 (6) $532,111,000 shall be for Fusion Energy 

15 Sciences; 

16 (7) $257,292,000 shall be for Science Labora17 tories Infrastructure; 

18 (8) $183,000,000 shall be for Science Program 

19 Direction; 

20 (9) $103,000,000 shall be for Safeguards and Se21 curity; and 

22 (10) $19,500,000 shall be for Workforce Develop23 ment for Teachers and Scientists. 

24 (b) FISCAL YEAR 2019.—There are authorized to be 

25 appropriated to the Secretary for the Office of Science for 

26 fiscal year 2019 $6,600,000,000, of which— 


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1 (1) $2,129,233,000 shall be for Basic Energy 

2 Science; 

3 (2) $1,004,510,000 shall be for High Energy 

4 Physics; 

5 (3) $673,000,000 shall be for Biological and En6 vironmental Research; 

7 (4) $690,000,000 shall be for Nuclear Physics; 

8 (5) $899,010,000 shall be for Advanced Scientific 

9 Computing Research; 

10 (6) $640,000,000 shall be for Fusion Energy 

11 Sciences; 

12 (7) $257,292,000 shall be for Science Labora13 tories Infrastructure; 

14 (8) $181,345,000 shall be for Science Program 

15 Direction; 

16 (9) $106,110,000 shall be for Safeguards and Se17 curity; and 

18 (10) $19,500,000 shall be for Workforce Develop19 ment for Teachers and Scientists. 


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Union Calendar No. 609 

115TH CONGRESS 

2D SESSION H. R. 5905 

[Report No. 115–787] 

A BILL 

To authorize basic research programs in the Deyears 2018 and 2019. partment of Energy Office of Science for fiscal 

JUNE 27, 2018 

Reported with an amendment, committed to the Comand ordered to be printed mittee of the Whole House on the State of the Union, 


sradovich on DSK3GMQ082PROD with BILLS