NUMBER 13-00-00113-CV

COURT OF APPEALS

THIRTEENTH DISTRICT OF TEXAS

CORPUS CHRISTI - EDINBURG 

 

MICHAEL JOSEPH LESSARD,

DOROTHY ELAINE LESSARD, 

MONICA JEAN LESSARD, AND 

JEANNIE MARIE LESSARD, Appellants,

v.

VELSICOL CHEMICAL CORPORATION, Appellee.

 

On appeal from the 343rd District Court of Live Oak County, Texas.

 

MEMORANDUM OPINION

Before Chief Justice Valdez and Justices Garza and Vela

Memorandum Opinion by Justice Garza

Appellants, Michael Joseph Lessard, Dorothy Elaine Lessard, Monica Jean Lessard,

and Jeannie Marie Lessard, appeal from the trial court’s granting of a motion to dismiss for
 The record reflects that the following parties were once part of this appeal as appellees: Savage 1

Pest Control; Leslie Savage Bowles, individually and as the executor of the estate of James S. Savage,

deceased; Charyle M. Merritt, Sammey Allison Merritt; the unknown heirs of James S. Savage; James S.

Savage d/b/a Savage Pest Control; Robert D. Nogueria, individually and as executor of the estate of James

S. Savage (collectively the “Savage parties”). In fact, the Savage parties jointly filed with Velsicol the motion

to dismiss for want of prosecution complained about on appeal. This Court, on June 8, 2000, issued an order

dismissing the appeal as to the Savage parties because the Savage parties and the Lessards had settled their

claims. As a result, this Court severed the Lessards’ claims as to the Savage parties into a separate appellate

cause number—13-00-349-CV—and dismissed the appeal. The Lessards’ remaining issues against Velsicol

remained docketed under the current appellate cause number—13-00-113-CV.

2

want of prosecution in favor of appellee, Velsicol Chemical Corporation (“Velsicol”). By 1

two issues, the Lessards argue that the trial court abused its discretion: (1) in dismissing

their claims for want of prosecution; and (2) in refusing to reinstate their claims pursuant

to Texas Rule of Civil Procedure 165a(3). See TEX. R. CIV. P. 165a(3). We affirm.

I. BACKGROUND

This dispute involves damages arising from the chemical contamination of several

residences in Live Oak County, Texas. Originally, the dispute involved numerous parties;

however, most of the parties have settled their claims, leaving only the Lessards, Velsicol,

and Fruit of the Loom as parties. 

The Lessards filed their original petition on December 31, 1990, alleging, among

other things, that Velsicol and Fruit of the Loom were negligent in designing,

manufacturing, and marketing Gold Crest C-100 Emulsifiable Concentrate, the chemical

which allegedly contaminated the Lessards’ residence. The Lessards’ lawsuit was one of

three lawsuits against the same set of defendants—trial court cause numbers 7202-C (filed

by the Episcopal Church Corporation of West Texas), 7205-C (filed by the Reynolds

family), and 7214-C (filed by the Lessard family). The trial court consolidated the three

lawsuits on December 16, 1991. 

On June 24, 1993, the trial court ordered that all further proceedings and the trial
 By signing the February 28, 1997 agreed order of referral, the trial court ostensibly denied the July 2

28, 1994 motion for the appointment of a visiting judge filed by Velsicol, Fruit of the Loom, and the Savage

parties.

3

of the matter were to be conducted before a visiting judge. The trial court further ordered

the parties to “agree upon the identity of a visiting judge within ten days from the date of

this Order.” The parties never agreed on which visiting judge would conduct further

proceedings. 

On April 22, 1994, all of the parties agreed to a joint motion to continue the

upcoming May 23, 1994 trial setting, which the trial court granted. Velsicol, Fruit of the

Loom, and the Savage parties filed a motion for the appointment of a visiting judge on July

28, 1994, requesting that the trial court appoint a visiting judge since the Lessards and the

other plaintiffs had rejected each of the proposed visiting judges named on the defendants’

list without offering a list of their own. The record does not reflect that the trial court ruled

on this motion. 

On February 28, 1997, the trial court entered an agreed order of referral appointing

Steven W. Fieldcamp as the mediator for the claims. After mediation in 1997, Velsicol, 2

Fruit of the Loom, and the other defendants settled with the plaintiffs in trial court cause

numbers 7202-C and 7205-C, leaving only the Lessards’ claims unresolved.

On March 14, 1999, the Lessards filed a motion with the trial court requesting the

trial court to set a docket control conference by telephone for the purpose of scheduling

a trial date. The trial court set the docket control conference for March 23, 1999, and sent

notice to the parties. It is not clear from the record before us when the new trial setting was

scheduled. 

Nevertheless, on October 19, 1999, Velsicol and the Savage parties filed a joint
4

motion to dismiss the Lessards’ claims for want of prosecution. In this filing, Velsicol and

the Savage parties argued that they had provided the Lessards with lists of visiting judges

on numerous occasions and that the Lessards failed to do anything. Velsicol and the

Savage parties also alleged that the case had been outstanding for nine years at the time

of filing and that the Lessards were “the only outstanding claims despite mediation

attempts and numerous letters sent to the Plaintiffs on behalf of the Defendants to obtain

a visiting judge.”

On November 12, 1999, the Lessards filed a response to the joint motion to dismiss

for want of prosecution. The Lessards alleged that a jury trial of their claims would only

take a week and requested a trial setting for the first available week after February 2000.

Counsel for the Lessards noted that he was recently employed by the law firm of

Spagnoletti & Associates for the specific purpose of prosecuting this matter, and he

subsequently proposed a new list of visiting judges and, alternatively, suggested that the

trial court select a visiting judge if Velsicol and the Savage parties objected to his list of

visiting judges. Nowhere in the response did counsel for the Lessards explain why the

case had been delayed for over nine years.

On November 17, 1999, the trial court conducted a hearing on Velsicol and the

Savage parties’ joint motion to dismiss. At the hearing, counsel for the Savage parties

noted that this matter would take more than one week to try and alleged that the Lessards

had “basically sat on their hands for nine years in this case.” Counsel for Velsicol stated

that discovery in the case had not been updated since 1992 and that he was not afforded

the opportunity to finish a deposition of the Lessards’ expert witness. Velsicol’s counsel

also referenced a recent claim brought by the Lessards for damages associated with
5

“painful, sensitive polyneuropathy” and that the Lessards had not participated in discovery

regarding that claim. In explaining why the case had taken so long to prosecute, counsel

for the Lessards noted the following:

[Counsel for the Lessards]: All right. I have filed a response in this

case. As I said, Your Honor, I originally

represented the Lessards. I have been

out of this case for five years. I’ve just

been rehired. My first priority is to go

forward with this case.

. . . .

[Counsel for the Lessards]: I left the law firm, Your Honor, and went

into practice elsewhere. And in fact, I

tried to retire from the practice of law first

of the year and found out I just couldn’t

do that. And so Mr. Spagnoletti asked

me to come back and clear up some

cases including this one. 

. . . .

[Counsel for the Lessards]: Now that I’m on the case, I’ll see all that is

done and I will do it expeditiously just as

soon as it can possibly be done. And I’ll

see that it’s done.

To correct what Counsel said,

originally I represented the Lessards

when I was with the Kleberg Law Firm in

Corpus Christi. I have not been

associated with this case. I turned this

case over to Mr. Spagnoletti about four or

five years ago. I haven’t been associated

with the case in the last three years.

I’m back here. I know the

Lessards personally and I originally

represented them and I would—just to

have their day in court or get this thing

concluded for them. And that’s all I ask,

Your Honor, and I will diligently do

whatever this Court suggests or wants me

to do with regards [sic] to resolving it, and
6

that’ll be done. I promise Your Honor

that.

. . . .

THE COURT: They never did move the cases when you

left.

[Counsel for the Lessards]: I know. I intend to move it now, Your

Honor.

The trial court subsequently dismissed the Lessards’ claims for want of prosecution.

On December 16, 1999, the Lessards filed various post-judgment motions, including

a verified motion to reinstate, arguing that the trial court abused its discretion in dismissing

the case and that rule 165a of the Texas Rules of Civil Procedure mandated reinstatement.

See TEX. R. CIV. P. 165a. Included with their verified motion to reinstate was an affidavit

executed by Francis I. Spagnoletti in which he stated the following:

My firm has continuously represented Plaintiffs [the Lessards] since

obtaining this case. The case was mediated in 1997, but no settlement

could be reached. Although it is true that the case has now been on file for

nine years (1990-1999), there are several reasons that explain this passage

of time:

First, as is customary at my firm, I assigned this case to associates,

who then prepare the case as necessary for trial, including propounding and

responding to discovery, obtaining medical records, and consulting with

expert witnesses. Over the years that this case has been on file, the

handling associate changed on several occasions. This fact has resulted in

an unintended delay in handling.

Second, this case is a consolidation of three separate lawsuits with

separate sets of plaintiffs (the Reynolds, the Lessard[s], and the Episcopal

Church), and includes separate defendants which are separately

represented. The claims of the Reynolds were finally settled after lengthy

proceedings . . . .

On December 20, 1999, the Lessards filed their original notice of appeal, which they

later supplemented on March 13, 2000. The trial court denied all of the Lessards’ postjudgment motions on January 31, 2000. The trial court entered an amended order of
 The Lessards did not name Fruit of the Loom as a party in their March 13, 2000 supplemental notice 3

of appeal.

 Rule 8.3(a) of the Texas Rules of Appellate Procedure provides the following: 4

If a case has been suspended by a bankruptcy filing, a party may move that the appellate

court reinstate the appeal if permitted by federal law or the bankruptcy court. If the

bankruptcy court has lifted or terminated the stay, a certified copy of the order must be

attached to the motion.

TEX. R. APP. P. 8.3(a). In the instant case, the Lessards included a copy of the status report from Fruit of the

Loom’s bankruptcy proceedings as compiled by the PACER Docket Service for the United States Bankruptcy

Court for the District of Delaware with their motion to reinstate their appeal. This status report is not certified,

but it does indicate that Fruit of the Loom’s bankruptcy proceedings terminated on March 21, 2007, thereby

demonstrating that the automatic stay is no longer in effect. Though the status report is not certified, we find

that the Lessards substantially complied with the requirements of rule 8.3(a) of the rules of appellate

procedure. See id.; see also TEX. R. APP. P. 8.3(b); MCI Sales & Serv. v. Hinton, No. 10-08-00353-CV, 2008

Tex. App. LEXIS 8200, at *1 (Tex. App.–W aco Oct. 29, 2008, pet. filed) (mem. op.) (per curiam) (“[An appeal]

may be reinstated on motion of any party showing that the stay has been lifted or modified and specifying what

action, if any, is required from this Court upon reinstatement of the appeal.”); Ma-Stell, Inc. v. Anadarko E&P

Co., Nos. 10-03-00358-CV & 10-05-00204-CV, 2005 Tex. App. LEXIS 3193, at *2 n.3 (Tex. App.–W aco Apr.

27, 2005, order) (noting that rule 8.3(b) of the rules of appellate procedure provides that the appeals court may

sever and reinstate on its own initiative). 

7

dismissal on February 9, 2000, adding Fruit of the Loom to the list of defendants. It is 3

because of this alteration that the Lessards filed their supplemental notice of appeal on

March 13, 2000.

On December 29, 1999, Fruit of the Loom filed a voluntary petition for relief under

Chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code in the United States Bankruptcy Court

for the District of Delaware. This Court was notified of Fruit of the Loom’s bankruptcy filing

on July 24, 2000. See TEX. R. APP. P. 8.1. On August 17, 2000, this Court stayed the

Lessards’ appeal pursuant to the automatic stay imposed by the bankruptcy code. See 11

U.S.C. § 362(a). The Lessards filed a motion to reinstate their appeal on June 8, 2007,

noting that the bankruptcy proceedings involving Fruit of the Loom had concluded on

March 21, 2007. See TEX. R.APP.P. 8.3(a). On June 28, 2007, we granted the Lessards’ 4

motion to reinstate their appeal. This appeal followed. 
8

II. ANALYSIS

A. The Trial Court’s Dismissal of the Lessard’s Claims for Want of Prosecution

In their second issue, the Lessards argue that the trial court abused its discretion

in exercising its inherent power to dismiss their case for want of prosecution. Specifically,

the Lessards contend that: (1) the trial court failed to give them notice that it planned to

dismiss their case for want of prosecution; and (2) the record demonstrates that they were

diligent in trying to obtain a trial setting from the trial court. Velsicol counters by arguing

that the Lessards received reasonable notice and were given an opportunity to be heard

before the trial court dismissed their claims after being on file for nine years at the time of

dismissal.

1. Standard of Review

We review a trial court's dismissal of a suit for want of prosecution under an abuse

of discretion standard. See MacGregor v. Rich, 941 S.W.2d 74, 75 (Tex. 1997) (per

curiam); State v. Rotello, 671 S.W.2d 507, 509 (Tex. 1984); see also Sewell Motor Co. v.

Capitan Enters., Inc., No. 08-02-00454-CV, 2004 Tex. App. LEXIS 3577, at **5-6 (Tex.

App.–El Paso Apr. 22, 2004, pet. denied) (mem. op.). The trial court abuses its discretion

when it acts without reference to any guiding rules or principles or if the action is arbitrary

or unreasonable. Koslow's v. Mackie, 796 S.W.2d 700, 704 (Tex. 1990); Downer v.

Aquamarine Operators, Inc., 701 S.W.2d 238, 241-42 (Tex. 1985).

A trial court may dismiss a case for want of prosecution: (1) when a party fails to

appear at a hearing or trial; (2) when the case has not been disposed of within the
 Texas Rule of Judicial Administration 6(b) provides that all civil jury cases should be brought to trial 5

or final disposition within eighteen months from appearance date and that all civil nonjury cases should be

brought to trial or final disposition within twelve months from appearance date. TEX. R. JUD. ADMIN. 6(b).

However, the supreme court “recognized that in especially complex cases or special circumstances it may

not be possible to adhere to these standards.” TEX. R. JUD. ADMIN. 6(e).

9

Supreme Court's time standards; or (3) under the trial court's inherent power to dismiss, 5

when the case has not been prosecuted with due diligence. See TEX. R. CIV. P. 165a;

Villarreal v. San Antonio Truck & Equip., 994 S.W.2d 628, 630 (Tex. 1999); Rotello, 671

S.W.2d at 509; Bilnoski v. Pizza Inn, Inc., 858 S.W.2d 55, 57 (Tex. App.–Houston [14th

Dist.] 1993, no writ). The trial court's authority to dismiss is derived both from rule 165a

of the Texas Rules of Civil Procedure and from its inherent power to manage its own

docket. Veterans’ Land Bd. v. Williams, 543 S.W.2d 89, 90 (Tex. 1976); Burton v.

Hoffman, 959 S.W.2d 351, 353 (Tex. App.–Austin 1998, no pet.). 

When an unreasonable delay in the prosecution of a case occurs, it is presumed

that the case has been abandoned. Bilnoski, 858 S.W.2d at 57 (citing Hosey v. County

of Victoria, 832 S.W.2d 701, 704 (Tex. App.–Corpus Christi 1992, no writ)). If that delay

is not sufficiently explained, the presumption of abandonment is conclusive and the case

will be dismissed. Id. The trial court, in exercising its inherent authority, may consider

periods of activity, intervals of inactivity, reasons for lack of attention, and the passage of

time to determine whether the delay was reasonable. Ozuna v. Sw. Bio-Clinical Labs., 766

S.W.2d 900, 902 (Tex. App.–San Antonio 1989, writ denied); see King v. Holland, 884

S.W.2d 231, 237 (Tex. App.–Corpus Christi 1994, writ denied) (noting that in exercising

its inherent power to dismiss a case, a trial court may consider the length of time the case

was on file, the extent of activity in the case, whether a trial setting was requested, and the

existence of reasonable excuses for the delay). The Lessards did not request findings of
10

fact or conclusions of law, and the trial court did not specify the standard of dismissal used;

therefore, we must affirm the trial court’s decision if any legal theory for the dismissal is

supported by the record. See Point Lookout W., Inc. v. Whorton, 742 S.W.2d 277, 278

(Tex. 1987); see also Maughan v. Employees Ret. Sys. of Tex., No. 03-07-00604-CV, 2008

Tex. App. LEXIS 5822, at *7 (Tex. App.–Austin Aug. 1, 2008, no pet.) (mem. op.). 

2. Discussion

The Lessards first argue that the trial court abused its discretion because it did not

provide adequate notice of its intent to dismiss their case for want of prosecution. Texas

Rule of Civil Procedure 165a(1) provides that a party must be provided with notice and an

opportunity to be heard before a trial court may dismiss a case for want of prosecution

under either rule 165a or its inherent power. See TEX. R. CIV. P. 165a(1) (“Notice of the

court’s intention to dismiss and the date and place of the dismissal hearing shall be sent

by the clerk to each attorney of record, and to each party not represented by an attorney.”);

Villarreal, 994 S.W.2d at 630; Dueitt v. Arrowhead Lakes Prop. Owners, Inc., 180 S.W.3d

733, 737 (Tex. App.–Waco 2005, pet. denied); see also Callahan v. Staples, 139 Tex. 8,

161 S.W.2d 489, 491 (1942) (requiring notice for dismissals under the court’s inherent

power); Gutierrez v. Lone Star Nat’l Bank, 960 S.W.2d 211, 214 (Tex. App.–Corpus Christi

1997, pet. denied) (requiring notice for dismissals under rule 165a). The requirements of

notice and a hearing are necessary to ensure that the dismissed claimant received due

process. Dueitt, 180 S.W.3d at 737 (citing Smith v. McKee, 145 S.W.3d 299, 302 (Tex.

App.–Fort Worth 2004, no pet.); Tex. Sting Ltd. v. R.B. Foods, Inc., 82 S.W.3d 644, 648

(Tex. App.–San Antonio 2002, pet. denied); Franklin v. Sherman Indep. Sch. Dist., 53

S.W.3d 398, 401 (Tex. App.–Dallas 2001, pet. denied)). The failure to provide adequate
11

notice of the trial court’s intent to dismiss for want of prosecution is a due process violation

and requires reversal. Villarreal, 994 S.W.2d at 630 (citing Donnell v. Spring Sports, Inc.,

920 S.W.2d 378, 386 (Tex. App.–Houston [1st Dist.] 1996, writ denied); Davis v. Laredo

Diesel, Inc., 611 S.W.2d 943, 946-47 (Tex. Civ. App.–Waco 1981, writ ref’d n.r.e.)); see

Keough v. Cyrus U.S.A., Inc., 204 S.W.3d 1, 5 (Tex. App.–Houston [14th Dist.] 2006, pet.

denied). However, participation in a hearing on a motion to reinstate cures any due

process concerns for the trial court’s failure to provide notice of its intent to dismiss for want

of prosecution. Dueitt, 180 S.W.3d at 737.

The Lessards argue that they did not receive adequate notice of the trial court’s

intent to dismiss their case because the notice was promulgated by Velsicol via its joint

motion to dismiss for want of prosecution and not by the trial court itself. They argue that

Velsicol’s joint motion was only sufficient to inform the Lessards of Velsicol’s intentions and

gave no indication of the trial court’s intentions. They further argue that Velsicol cannot

give notice of the trial court’s intention to dismiss the claims using its inherent power, but

that the trial court must give notice of its own intentions.

However, several Texas courts have held that a dismissal for want of prosecution

may be obtained by the motion of the trial court or on the motion of any party to the suit.

See Dueitt, 180 S.W.3d at 738; see also Sierra Club v. Tex. Comm’n on Envtl. Quality, No.

03-04-00108-CV, 2005 Tex. App. LEXIS 454, at *5 (Tex. App.–Austin Jan. 21, 2005, no

pet.) (“Contrary to appellants’ arguments, the rule 165a reinstatement procedure applies

to all dismissals for want of prosecution, regardless of whether they are initiated by the

court or motion of a party.”); Polk v. Sw. Crossing Homeowners Ass’n, 165 S.W.3d 89, 92-

93 (Tex. App.–Houston [14th Dist.] 2005, pet. denied) (affirming the trial court’s granting
12

of appellee’s motion to dismiss for want of prosecution); Harvey v. Wetzel, No. 03-03-

00608-CV, 2004 Tex. App. LEXIS 6818, at *12 (Tex. App.–Austin July 29, 2004, no pet.)

(same); Wright v. Tex. Dep’t of Criminal Justice-Inst. Div., 137 S.W.3d 693, 694 (Tex.

App.–Houston [1st Dist.] 2004, no pet.) (same); Manning v. North, 82 S.W.3d 706, 712

(Tex. App.–Amarillo 2002, no pet.) (same). Furthermore, the Texas Supreme Court has

held that either notice of the trial court’s intent to dismiss or notice of the actual order of

dismissal is sufficient notice. See Harris County v. Miller, 576 S.W.2d 808, 810 (Tex.

1979); see Lowe v. U.S. Shoe Corp., 849 S.W.2d 888, 891 (Tex. App.–Houston [14th Dist.]

1993, writ denied).

Velsicol filed its joint motion to dismiss for want of prosecution on October 18, 1999,

more than nine years after the Lessards had first filed their lawsuit. In its joint motion,

Velsicol noted the following:

Trial was set for this case on January 9, 1995, in Live Oak County

during a week that was not a jury week. In approximately late October of

1994, the Honorable Judge Rodriguez noted that there would not be an

actual jury setting in the case nor a new docket control conference, unless

and until the parties agreed to a visiting judge. Thereafter, the Defendants

[Velsicol and others] on numerous occasions provided the Plaintiffs [the

Lessards] lists of visiting judges, among which included, Judge Wells

Stewart, Judge Vernon Harville, and the late Judge Onion. Despite the

Defendants’ efforts, the Plaintiffs failed to do anything.

It has been nearly nine years since the filing of this suit. To date, all

claims regarding the Defendants have been resolved with the exception of

the claims set forth by the Lessards. The Lessards remain the only

outstanding claims despite mediation attempts and numerous letters sent to

the Plaintiffs on behalf of the Defendants to obtain a visiting judge.

The Savage Defendants have made numerous efforts to resolve this

claim and have heard no reply from the Plaintiffs. To ensure that the

interests of the Defendants are preserved and to reach a resolution in this

long stalled case, the Defendants ask this Court to dismiss this matter for

failure of the Plaintiffs to properly and efficiently pursue their case.
13

WHEREFORE PREMISES CONSIDERED the Defendants

respectfully request the Court grant the Joint Motion to Dismiss for Want of

Prosecution. 

(Emphasis added.) On November 12, 1999, the Lessards filed a response to the joint

motion to dismiss, alleging that the reason for the delay in the case was that the parties

could not agree on a visiting judge and proposing a list of three visiting judges. On

November 17, 1999, the trial court conducted a hearing on Velsicol’s joint motion to

dismiss. It is not clear from the record that the trial court notified the Lessards of its intent

to dismiss their claims for want of prosecution. See Alexander v. Lynda’s Boutique, 134

S.W.3d 845, 849-50 (Tex. 2004) (“[M]ere silence as to whether notice [of intent to dismiss]

was sent does not establish that notice was not sent . . . .”); see also Keough, 204 S.W.3d

at 5. In any event, after hearing arguments from Velsicol, the Savage parties, and the

Lessards, the trial court granted Velsicol’s joint motion to dismiss for want of prosecution.

All that due process requires is that a party be given notice of the time and

substance of the hearing, and an opportunity to present arguments at the hearing. See

Smith, 145 S.W.3d at 302; Tex. Sting Ltd., 82 S.W.3d at 648; see also Dueitt, 180 S.W.3d

at 739. Velsicol’s joint motion to dismiss put the Lessards on notice that their claims may

be dismissed for want of prosecution by the trial court. See Dueitt, 180 S.W.3d at 740

(holding that “‘a dismissal notice containing no reference to Rule 165a or the court’s

inherent authority [is] sufficient to put the appellant on notice that the court could dismiss

under Rule 165a(1), Rule 165a(2), or its inherent authority’” (quoting Steward v. Colonial

Cas. Ins. Co., 143 S.W.3d 161, 163-64 (Tex. App.–Waco 2004, no pet.))). By conducting

the November 17, 1999 hearing, the trial court afforded the Lessards an opportunity to be

heard and to provide adequate justifications for the nine-year delay in prosecuting the
 Our conclusion is further supported by the fact that the Lessards were provided a copy of the actual 6

dismissal order, which allowed them to timely file their motion to reinstate. See TEX. R. CIV. P. 165a(3)

(providing that a motion to reinstate must be filed within thirty days after the order of dismissal is signed or

within the period prescribed by Rule 306a); see also Harris County v. Miller, 576 S.W .2d 808, 810 (Tex. 1979)

(holding that either notice of the trial court’s intent to dismiss or notice of the actual order of dismissal is

sufficient notice); Lowe v. U.S. Shoe Corp., 849 S.W .2d 888, 891 (Tex. App.–Houston [14th Dist.] 1993, writ

denied) (same). 

14

case. See Lowe, 849 S.W.2d at 891 (“It is generally held that a party to a lawsuit is

charged with notice that the suit may be dismissed for want of prosecution when there is

inaction for a long period of time. This constructive notice satisfies due process

requirements.”) (internal citation omitted). Thus, we conclude that the Lessards received

due process. See Dueitt, 180 S.W.3d at 740; see also Bilnoski, 858 S.W.2d at 57; Lowe,

6

849 S.W.2d at 891. 

Next, the Lessards contend that the record demonstrates that they were diligent in

prosecuting their claims; therefore, the trial court abused its discretion in granting Velsicol’s

joint motion to dismiss. We disagree.

As previously mentioned, the trial court may consider periods of activity, intervals

of inactivity, reasons for lack of attention, and the passage of time in determining whether

a case should be dismissed for want of prosecution. See Ozuna, 766 S.W.2d at 902; see

also King, 884 S.W.2d at 237. Furthermore, when there is an unreasonable delay in the

prosecution of the case, it is presumed that the case has been abandoned unless the

dismissed claimant provided a sufficient justification for the delay. See Bilnoski, 858

S.W.2d at 57; Hosey, 832 S.W.2d at 704.

Here, the record supports an implied finding that the case was not prosecuted with

diligence. Nearly nine years elapsed between the date the case was first filed—December
 As noted earlier, the trial court did amend its dismissal order to include Fruit of the Loom as a

7

defendant on January 31, 2000.

 Counsel’s admission is supported by the affidavit filed by Spagnoletti, where he blamed the delay 8

on the complexity of the case (involving multiple plaintiffs and defendants) and the fact that the case had been

handled by several associates at the law firm.

 The Lessards renewed their request for a trial setting at the November 17, 1999 hearing and in their 9

motion to reinstate.

15

31, 1990—and the date the trial court finally dismissed it—November 17, 1999. During 7

that time, the parties engaged in some discovery and participated in mediation. See

Nichols v. Sedalco Constr. Servs., 228 S.W.3d 341, 343 (Tex. App.–Waco 2007, pet.

denied) (holding that the trial court did not abuse its discretion in dismissing a case for want

of prosecution where brief periods of activity did not explain remaining long periods of

inactivity). However, the parties neither resolved their claims nor agreed on a visiting judge

to hear the case, as ordered by the trial court on June 24, 1993. At the November 17,

1999 hearing, counsel for the Lessards stated that the reason for the delay centered on

his employment status. According to counsel for the Lessards, he initially represented the

Lessards until he discontinued employment with his law firm for five years. He admitted

to the trial court that his law firm “never did move the case” until he returned to work for the

law firm after his five year hiatus. Moreover, the Lessards did not file a request for a trial 8

setting from the trial court until March 14, 1999. The Lessards had an abundance of time 9

with which to prosecute their claim, yet very little prosecution occurred in this case until it

was it on the verge of being dismissed. We do not find the Lessards’ justifications to be

sufficient in explaining the nine-year delay in prosecuting the case. See Ozuna, 766

S.W.2d at 902; King, 884 S.W.2d at 237; Bilnoski, 858 S.W.2d at 57; Hosey, 832 S.W.2d

at 704. We therefore conclude that the trial court did not abuse its discretion in dismissing

the Lessards’ claims under its inherent authority. See MacGregor, 941 S.W.2d at 75;
16

Rotello, 671 S.W.2d at 509. Accordingly, we overrule the Lessards’ second issue.

B. The Trial Court’s Denial of the Lessard’s Motion for Reinstatement

In their first issue, the Lessards assert that the trial court abused its discretion in

refusing to reinstate their claims pursuant to Rule 165a of the Texas Rules of Civil

Procedure. See TEX. R. CIV. P. 165a. The Lessards argue that: (1) they were not

consciously indifferent to the trial court’s orders regarding the appointment of visiting

judges; (2) they did not abuse the pretrial discovery process; (3) they showed the trial court

that they were ready for trial; (4) their claims are meritorious and they should be given an

opportunity to be heard; and (5) Velsicol did not demonstrate that it would be unfairly

prejudiced by the reinstatement of the Lessard’s lawsuit. Velsicol contends that the trial

court did not abuse its discretion in denying the Lessard’s motion for reinstatement

because: (1) the Lessards ignored for six years the trial court’s orders to agree on a

visiting judge; and (2) the Lessards failed to provide Velsicol with discovery on a newly

alleged medical claim. Velsicol argues that the Lessard’s justifications for the delays—that

the case originally involved numerous parties and the law firm representing the Lessards

had reassigned the case to various associates over the years—were not adequate to

warrant a reinstatement of the case.

1. Standard of Review

 

Texas Rule of Civil Procedure 165a(3) sets out the procedure for reinstating cases

dismissed for want of prosecution. See TEX. R. CIV. P. 165a(3). A trial court is compelled

to reinstate a case “upon finding after a hearing that the failure of the party or his attorney

was not intentional or the result of conscious indifference but was due to an accident or

mistake or that the failure has been otherwise reasonably explained.” Id. In order to
 W e note that the record reflects that the trial court conducted a hearing on Velsicol’s joint motion 10

to dismiss rather than the Lessards’ motion to reinstate. See TEX. R .CIV. P. 165a(3) (providing that a trial

court is compelled to reinstate a case “upon finding after a hearing that the failure of the party or his attorney

was not intentional or the result of conscious indifference but was due to an accident or mistake or that the

failure has been otherwise reasonably explained.”). The supreme court has held that when a verified motion

to reinstate has been filed under rule 165a(3), an oral hearing is required, and a failure to hold such a hearing

requires reversal. See Thordson v. City of Houston, 815 S.W .2d 550, 550 (Tex. 1991) (per curiam).

However, the Lessards do not argue on appeal that they were improperly denied an oral hearing on their

motion for reinstatement and, instead, rely on the evidence presented at the trial court’s November 17, 1999

17

determine whether the trial court abused its discretion in refusing reinstatement, we review

the entire record and determine whether the evidence was sufficient to find that the failure

of the party was not due to accident, mistake, or other reasonable explanation. See Tex.

Dep’t of Pub. Safety v. Deck, 954 S.W.2d 108, 112 (Tex. App.–San Antonio 1997, no writ);

see also Torres v. Rios, 869 S.W.2d 555, 557 (Tex. App.–Corpus Christi 1993, no writ).

The party requesting reinstatement has the burden to bring forth a record establishing that

reinstatement was required. Kenley v. Quintana Petroleum Corp., 931 S.W.2d 318, 321

(Tex. App.–San Antonio 1996, writ denied).

2. Discussion

We have already determined that the record does not support a finding that the trial

court abused its discretion by dismissing the case. Moreover, the record supports an

implied finding that the Lessards did not prosecute this case with diligence. See Dueitt,

180 S.W.3d at 741; see also Luna v. UPS, Inc., No. 01-02-00144-CV, 2003 Tex. App.

LEXIS 465, at **8-9 (Tex. App.–Houston [1st Dist.] Jan. 9, 2003, pet. denied) (concluding

that the trial court did not abuse its discretion in dismissing appellant’s claims for failing to

exercise diligence in prosecuting his claims and that the trial court did not abuse its

discretion in denying appellant’s motion to reinstate because of the dismissal). Therefore,

the Lessards have failed to meet their burden to bring forth a record supporting

reinstatement. We overrule the Lessards’ first issue.10
hearing on Velsicol’s joint motion to dismiss. Furthermore, the Lessards, in their verified motion to reinstate,

did not request a hearing on the motion. See Keough v. Cyrus U.S.A., Inc., 204 S.W .3d 1, 6 n.3 (Tex.

App.–Houston [14th Dist.] 2006, pet. denied) (noting that before trial court error can be found in the failure to

set a hearing on a motion to reinstate, the movant must request a hearing); Cabrera v. Cedarapids, Inc., 834

S.W .2d 615, 618 (Tex. App.–Houston [14th Dist.] 1992, writ denied) (same); but see Matheson v. Am.

Carbonics, 867 S.W .2d 146, 147-48 (Tex. App.–Texarkana 1993, no writ) (“[T]he court is required to conduct

a hearing on a timely filed motion to reinstate. W hether or not the movant requests a hearing on a motion to

reinstate is irrelevant; a hearing is required unless waived.”) (internal citations omitted). Moreover, the trial

court, by providing the Lessards notice of and an opportunity to be heard at the November 17, 1999 hearing,

afforded the Lessards with due process and, therefore, was not required to conduct a hearing on the

Lessards’ motion to reinstate. See Dueitt v. Arrowhead Lakes Prop. Owners, Inc., 180 S.W .3d 733, 740-41

(Tex. App.–W aco 2005, pet. denied) (concluding that the trial court’s failure to conduct a hearing on

appellant’s motion to reinstate was harmless error because appellants were provided due process in a prior

hearing on appellee’s motion to dismiss for want of prosecution).

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IV. CONCLUSION

We affirm the trial court’s dismissal of the Lessards’ claims for want of prosecution

and its denial of the Lessards’ motion to reinstate.

 

DORI CONTRERAS GARZA,

Justice

Memorandum Opinion delivered and 

filed this the 23rd day of April, 2009.