Battelle Team 

Dose Reconstruction 

Project for NIOSH

Document Title: 

Site Profiles for Atomic Weapons Employers that 

Worked Uranium and Thorium Metals 

Appendix G – Anaconda Co. 

Document Number: Battelle-TBD-6000 

Appendix G 

Revision: 0 

Effective Date: 4/30/2007 

Type of Document: TBD Appendix

Supersedes: None 

Subject Experts: R.I. Scherpelz, M.S. Yencken 

Document Owner 

Approval: Signature on file Approval Date: 4/23/2007 

Robert I. Scherpelz, Staff Scientist 

Approval: Signature on file Approval Date: 4/23/2007 

Jay A. MacLellan, Battelle PNWD Task Manager 

Concurrence: Signature on file Concurrence Date: 4/23/2007 

Richard J. Traub, Staff Scientist 

Approval: Signature on file Approval Date: 4/27/2007 

James W. Neton, Associate Director of Science 

 New Total Rewrite Revision Page Change 

FOR DOCUMENTS MARKED AS A TOTAL REWRITE, REVISION, OR PAGE CHANGE, REPLACE THE PRIOR 

REVISION AND DISCARD / DESTROY ALL COPIES OF THE PRIOR REVISION. 
Document No. Battelle-TBD-6000; 

Appendix G 

Revision No. 0 Effective Date: 4/30/2007 Page 2 

ANACONDA COMPANY 

G.1 Introduction 

This document serves as an appendix to Battelle-TBD-6000, Site Profiles for Atomic 

Weapons Employers that Worked Uranium and Thorium Metals. This appendix 

describes the results of document research specific to this site. Where specific 

information is lacking, research into similar facilities described in the body of this Site 

Profile is used. 

G.2 Site Description 

The Atomic Weapons Employer Anaconda Company was located in Waterbury 

Connecticut. The facility was also known as American Brass Co., Fabric Metal Goods 

Plant and West Tube Mill, and Anamet Inc. It is listed as an Atomic Weapons Employer 

in 1942 and 1956 through 1959. In 1942, the American Brass Company produced the 

barriers used in the gaseous diffusion process. In the late 1950s, under contract to Nuclear 

Metals Inc., the company extruded copper-clad uranium billets into tubes at least two 

separate times for the Savannah River Site. While the original plans called for work on 

500 billets, only around 50 were actually processed. The operations involved plating, 

heating, extruding, sawing, drilling, deburring, cleaning, testing, crating, and shipping. 

Work was conducted at the West Tube Mill. AEC Health and Safety Laboratory 

personnel visited the site in 1956 and 1959, and obtained air quality and surface radiation 

measurements during the later visit.1

G.2.1 Site Activities 

References indicate 4 billets were received for the pilot run in September 1956, ten 

extrusions were done in March 1957, and fifty billets were extruded in 1959. Although 

the extrusion rate for the last campaigns in 1959 was at four billets per hour, an estimate 

that is favorable to claimants of three eight-hour shifts should be used for 1959, and one 

shift each in 1957 and 1956. No additional information was found on what work was 

being done in 1942. Production of barriers used in the gaseous diffusion process would 

not result in radiation dose to Anaconda employees other than required medical xray 

dose. 

G.2.2 Job Categories 

Each claim will be evaluated to determine the most appropriate Job Category from the list 

below. 

Plant Floor High (Involved directly in operations) 

Plant Floor Low (Involved in support of operations) 

Supervisor 

Clerk 

G.3 Occupational Medical Dose 

No information regarding occupational medical dose specific to Anaconda was found. 

Information to be used in dose reconstructions for which no specific information is 

available is provided in ORAUT-OTIB-0006, the dose reconstruction project technical 

information bulletin covering diagnostic x-ray procedures. 
Document No. Battelle-TBD-6000; 

Appendix G 

Revision No. 0 Effective Date: 4/30/2007 Page 3 

G.4 Occupational Internal Dose 

Air monitoring data are available from the 1956 and 1959 operations reported as averages 

by the New York Operations Office (Reference ID 14180, page 5). The breathing zone 

air monitoring results for the machine shop are reported as an average of 5 dpm/M3

. The 

maximum for the campaign was 39 dpm/M3

. It is not known if the 39 dpm/M3result was 

a breathing zone sample, but to be favorable to claimants this maximum value has been 

used as the process average because when 5 is used with a GSD of 5, the 95th percentile is 

only 19. 

These values were used to derive the inhalation values presented in Table G.1. The 

values in the table are presented as pCi per calendar day inhalation. These values were 

used to determine an ingestion intake in accordance with this TBD. Those values are 

presented as a pCi per calendar day ingestion in Table G.2 

G.5 Occupational External Dose 

No data was found in the Site Research database related to occupational external dose 

during AEC work. The work performed at Anaconda involved extruding uranium ingots. 

Therefore, the external dose values in the TBD for extrusion should be used. 

Tables G.3 and G.4 present these values as a mrem per calendar day value to be used for 

each calendar year listed. 

G.6 Residual Contamination 

Operations at Anaconda resulted in little potential for residual contamination. As such, 

no exposure to residual contamination is assumed for 1958 and after 19592

. Also, since 

there was no radioactive material associated with the operations described for 1942, no 

residual contamination is assumed prior to 1956. 

G.7 References 

1. DOE Office of Health, Safety and Security, EEOICPA web site. 

http://www.hss.energy.gov/healthsafety/fwsp/advocacy/faclist/findfacility.cfm 

2. Report on Residual Radioactive and Beryllium Contamination at Atomic Weapons 

Employer Facilities and Beryllium Vender Facilities. 

http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ocas/pdfs/tbd/rescon/rcontam1206.pdf & 

http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ocas/pdfs/tbd/rescon/appen-a2.pdf
Document No. Battelle-TBD-6000; Appendix G Revision No. 0 Effective Date: 4/10/2007 

Table G.1 INTERNAL DOSE PATHWAYS - Inhalation of Airborne Radionuclides Assumptions: Operational Period Daily Weighted Average Air Concentration: 11 dpm/M^3 Residual Period Daily Weighted Average Air Concentration: 6.93E-04 dpm/M^3 TBD GSD Default is 5 Conversion Factor: 2.22 dpm/pCi Breathing Rate: 1.2 m^3/hour All intakes and doses assume full-time employment for the given year. 

Job Category Year 

Operation 

Phase Hr/Yr 

Relevant 

Nuclide 

Intake 

(pCi/d) GSD TBD Reference or Research Jus

Plant Floor High 1956 Operations 8 U234 1.27E-01 5 Measured air sample data Plant Floor High 1957 Operations 8 U234 1.27E-01 5 Measured air sample data Plant Floor High 1958 Operations 0 U234 0.00E+00 5 Measured air sample data Plant Floor High 1959 Operations 24 U234 3.80E-01 5 Measured air sample data Plant Floor Low 1956 Operations 4 U234 6.34E-02 5 Ratio'ed from Plant Floor High Plant Floor Low 1957 Operations 4 U234 6.34E-02 5 Ratio'ed from Plant Floor High Plant Floor Low 1958 Operations 0 U234 0.00E+00 5 Ratio'ed from Plant Floor High Plant Floor Low 1959 Operations 12 U234 1.90E-01 5 Ratio'ed from Plant Floor High Supervisor 1956 Operations 2 U234 3.17E-02 5 Ratio'ed from Plant Floor High Supervisor 1957 Operations 0 U234 0.00E+00 5 Ratio'ed from Plant Floor High Supervisor 1958 Operations 2 U234 3.17E-02 5 Ratio'ed from Plant Floor High Supervisor 1959 Operations 0 U234 0.00E+00 5 Ratio'ed from Plant Floor High Clerical 1956 Operations 0.2 U234 3.17E-03 5 Ratio'ed from Plant Floor High Clerical 1957 Operations 0 U234 0.00E+00 5 Ratio'ed from Plant Floor High Clerical 1958 Operations 0.2 U234 3.17E-03 5 Ratio'ed from Plant Floor High Clerical 1959 Operations 0 U234 0.00E+00 5 Ratio'ed from Plant Floor High 
Document No. Battelle-TBD-6000; Appendix G Revision No. 0 Effective Date: 4/10/2007 

Table G.2 INTERNAL DOSE PATHWAYS - Ingestion of Airborne Radionuclides Assumptions: Air Concentration to Intake Conversion Factor: 3.06E-05 (M^3/d)/(hr/y) - see 7.1.6 TBD-6000 Deposition velocity: 0.00075 m/s Resuspension Factor: 1.00E-06 1/m TBD GSD Default is 5 

Job Category Year 

Operation 

Phase Hr/Yr 

Relevant 

Nuclide 

Intake 

(pCi/d) GSD TBD Reference or Research Jus

Plant Floor High 1956 Operations 8 U234 1.18E-03 5 Measured air sample data Plant Floor High 1957 Operations 8 U234 1.18E-03 5 Measured air sample data Plant Floor High 1958 Operations 0 U234 0.00E+00 5 Measured air sample data Plant Floor High 1959 Operations 24 U234 3.54E-03 5 Measured air sample data Plant Floor Low 1956 Operations 4 U234 5.90E-04 5 Ratio'ed from Plant Floor High Plant Floor Low 1957 Operations 4 U234 5.90E-04 5 Ratio'ed from Plant Floor High Plant Floor Low 1958 Operations 0 U234 0.00E+00 5 Ratio'ed from Plant Floor High Plant Floor Low 1959 Operations 12 U234 1.77E-03 5 Ratio'ed from Plant Floor High Supervisor 1956 Operations 2 U234 2.95E-04 5 Ratio'ed from Plant Floor High Supervisor 1957 Operations 0 U234 2.95E-04 5 Ratio'ed from Plant Floor High Supervisor 1958 Operations 2 U234 0.00E+00 5 Ratio'ed from Plant Floor High Supervisor 1959 Operations 0 U234 8.85E-04 5 Ratio'ed from Plant Floor High Clerical 1956 Operations 0.2 U234 2.95E-05 5 Ratio'ed from Plant Floor High Clerical 1957 Operations 0 U234 2.95E-05 5 Ratio'ed from Plant Floor High Clerical 1958 Operations 0.2 U234 0.00E+00 5 Ratio'ed from Plant Floor High Clerical 1959 Operations 0 U234 8.85E-05 5 Ratio'ed from Plant Floor High 
Document No. Battelle-TBD-6000; Appendix G Revision No. 0 Effective Date: 4/10/2007 

Table G.3 EXTERNAL DOSE PATHWAYS - Whole Body Asumptions: Submersion Dose Conversion Factor: 2.462E-09 mrem/h/dpm/m^3 Deposition velocity: 0.0008 Contaminated Surface Dose Conversion Factor: 5.615E-10 mrem/h/dpm/m^2 All external dose from estimated exposure to uranium rods Residual period: Assume no handling of U metal - only exposure is from residual contamination on floor and in air 

Job Category Year 

Operation 

Phase Hr/Yr 

Relevant 

Nuclide 

External 

Whole 

Body 

(mR/d) GSD TBD Reference or Research 

Plant Floor High 1956 Operations 8 U234 6.25E-03 5 Generic Metal TBD, Section 6.3 Plant Floor High 1957 Operations 8 U234 6.25E-03 5 Generic Metal TBD, Section 6.3, with ResPlant Floor High 1958 Operations 0 U234 0.00E+00 5 Generic Metal TBD, Section 6.3, with ResPlant Floor High 1959 Operations 24 U234 1.87E-02 5 Generic Metal TBD, Section 6.3, with ResPlant Floor Low 1956 Operations 4 U234 3.12E-03 5 Ratio'ed from Plant Floor High Plant Floor Low 1957 Operations 4 U234 3.12E-03 5 Ratio'ed from Plant Floor High Plant Floor Low 1958 Operations 0 U234 0.00E+00 5 Ratio'ed from Plant Floor High Plant Floor Low 1959 Operations 12 U234 9.37E-03 5 Ratio'ed from Plant Floor High Supervisor 1956 Operations 2 U234 1.56E-03 5 Ratio'ed from Plant Floor High Supervisor 1957 Operations 0 U234 1.56E-03 5 Ratio'ed from Plant Floor High Supervisor 1958 Operations 2 U234 0.00E+00 5 Ratio'ed from Plant Floor High Supervisor 1959 Operations 0 U234 4.69E-03 5 Ratio'ed from Plant Floor High Clerical 1956 Operations 0.2 U234 1.56E-04 5 Ratio'ed from Plant Floor High Clerical 1957 Operations 0 U234 1.56E-04 5 Ratio'ed from Plant Floor High Clerical 1958 Operations 0.2 U234 0.00E+00 5 Ratio'ed from Plant Floor High Clerical 1959 Operations 0 U234 4.69E-04 5 Ratio'ed from Plant Floor High 
Document No. Battelle-TBD-6000; Appendix G Revision No. 0 Effective Date: 4/10/2007 

Table G.4 EXTERNAL DOSE PATHWAYS - Skin Assumptions: All assumptions from TBD-6000 Section 6.3 Operational Period: Non-penetrating dose to skin 115 mr/nour (hands and forearms) 10.4 mr/hour (other) 

Plant Floor High: Assume hands in contact with metal 50% of time. Other skin is 100% of dose rate at 1-ft, 20.8 mrem/h Plant Floor Low: 50% of Plant Floor High Supervisor: assume 10% of Plant Floor Low for time in contact with metal Clerical: assume no handling of U metal. 

Residual Period: Non-penetrating dose to skin 3.9E-06 mr/hour 

Assume no handling of U metal. Assume 10x the photon whole body dose rate 

Job Category Year 

Operation 

Phase Hr/Yr 

Relevant 

Nuclide 

Skin: Hands 

& Forearms 

(mR/d) 

Skin – 

Other 

(mR/d) GSD TBD Reference or Researc

Plant Floor High 1956 Operations 8 U234 2.52E+00 2.28E-01 5 Generic Metal TBD, Section 6.3 Plant Floor High 1957 Operations 8 U234 2.52E+00 2.28E-01 5 Generic Metal TBD, Section 6.3 Plant Floor High 1958 Operations 0 U234 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 5 Generic Metal TBD, Section 6.3 Plant Floor High 1959 Operations 24 U234 7.56E+00 6.84E-01 5 Generic Metal TBD, Section 6.3 Plant Floor Low 1956 Operations 4 U234 1.26E+00 1.14E-01 5 Ratio'ed from Plant Floor High Plant Floor Low 1957 Operations 4 U234 1.26E+00 1.14E-01 5 Ratio'ed from Plant Floor High Plant Floor Low 1958 Operations 0 U234 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 5 Ratio'ed from Plant Floor High Plant Floor Low 1959 Operations 12 U234 3.78E+00 3.42E-01 5 Ratio'ed from Plant Floor High Supervisor 1956 Operations 2 U234 6.30E-01 5.70E-02 5 Ratio'ed from Plant Floor High Supervisor 1957 Operations 0 U234 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 5 Ratio'ed from Plant Floor High Supervisor 1958 Operations 2 U234 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 5 Ratio'ed from Plant Floor High Supervisor 1959 Operations 0 U234 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 5 Ratio'ed from Plant Floor High Clerical 1956 Operations 0.2 U234 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 5 Ratio'ed from Plant Floor High Clerical 1957 Operations 0 U234 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 5 Ratio'ed from Plant Floor High Clerical 1958 Operations 0.2 U234 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 5 Ratio'ed from Plant Floor High Clerical 1959 Operations 0 U234 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 5 Ratio'ed from Plant Floor High