Uncontrolled Copy 

 Uncontrolled Copy 

Uncontrolled Copy 

 Uncontrolled Copy 

Uncontrolled Copy 

 Uncontrolled Copy 

Uncontrolled Copy 

 Uncontrolled Copy 

National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health 

National Personal Protective Technology Laboratory 

P.O. Box 18070 

Pittsburgh, PA 15236 

Procedure No. TEB-APR-STP-0046C Revision: 2.1 Date: 24 November 2008

DETERMINATION OF ORGANIC VAPOR (CARBON TETRACHLORIDE) SERVICE LIFE TEST, 

POWERED AIR-PURIFYING RESPIRATORS WITH CARTRIDGES 

STANDARD TESTING PROCEDURE (STP) 

1. PURPOSE

This test establishes the procedure for ensuring that the level of protection provided by powered 

air-purifying respirators (PAPR) with cartridges submitted for Approval, Extension of Approval, 

or examined during Certified Product Audits, meet the minimum organic vapor service life test 

requirements set forth in 42 CFR Part 84, Subpart L, Section 84.207 and 84.1157(f). 

2. GENERAL

This STP describes the Determination of Organic Vapor Service Life Test, Air-Purifying 

Respirators with cartridges test in sufficient detail that a person knowledgeable in the appropriate 

technical field can select equipment with the necessary resolution, conduct the test, and determine 

whether or not the product passes the test. 

3. EQUIPMENT / MATERIAL / REFERENCES

3.1. The list of necessary test equipment and materials follows: 

3.1.1. Miller Nelson Research Model 401 Flow-Temperature-Humidity Control System 

(250 lpm) or equivalent. Air flow control accuracy is ± 2% F.S. Temperature 

control accuracy is ± 1° C. Humidity control accuracy is ± 3% R.H. 

3.1.2. Edge Tech Dew Prime II Hygrometer, Model 2000 or equivalent. Accuracy is ± 

0.2° C, ±0.5% RH. 

3.1.3. Miran Ambient Air Analyzer, Model 1A with closed loop system or equivalent. 

The analyzer is a single beam variable filter spectrometer with a variable 

pathlength gas cell. 

3.1.4. Mass Flow Controllers, Brooks Instruments model series 5850S and 5853S with 

Read Out and Control Electronics, Brooks Instruments model 0154, variable flow 

rate depending on use. Accuracy is 0.7% set point & 0.2% FS. 

3.1.5. American Meter Co. Dry Test Meter Model DTM-325. 

Approvals: First Level Second Level Third Level Fourth Level 

 
Uncontrolled Copy 

 Uncontrolled Copy 

Uncontrolled Copy 

 Uncontrolled Copy 

Uncontrolled Copy 

 Uncontrolled Copy 

Uncontrolled Copy 

 Uncontrolled Copy 

Procedure No. TEB-APR-STP-0046C Revision: 2.1 Date: 24 November 2008 Page 2 of 11 

3.1.6. Amersham Biosciences High Precision Pump, Model P-500 with reservoir. Flow 

rate range: l ml/hr to 400 ml/hr ± 1.5% of setting. 

3.1.7. Electronic balance with an accuracy of 0.01grams. 

3.1.8. Miller Nelson Research, Model SV-2000 Vaporizer system or equivalent. Used 

for vaporizing carbon tetrachloride solution. 

3.1.9. Carbon tetrachloride, ACS grade, 99.9%. 

3.2. Test fixture for mounting PAPR cartridges inside the test chamber. PAPR cartridges are 

tested on their blower units if possible, with the breathing tube attached to the outlet port, 

or on suitable substitutions, if the unit is too large for the test chamber. All adapters are 

checked for leak-tightness with soap solution. 

3.3. The test chamber consisting of an air tight box, with 2 clamp type locks on the door 

opening lined with gasket material, and appropriate inlet, outlet and sampling ports. This 

fixture is not commercially available. 

3.4. Refer to the following Work Instructions for further information on performing this test: 

 TEB-RCT-APR-WI-1002 – Laboratory Safety Procedures for Carbon Tetrachloride Tests 

 TEB-RCT-APR-WI-1102 – Calibration Procedures for Carbon Tetrachloride Tests 

TEB-RCT-APR-WI-1202 – Start–Up and Shut–Down Procedures for Carbon 

Tetrachloride Tests 

 TEB-RCT-APR-WI-1302 – Using the LabView System for Carbon Tetrachloride Tests 

TEB-RCT-APR-WI-1402 – Reporting Results for Carbon Tetrachloride Tests 

 

4. TESTING REQUIREMENTS AND CONDITIONS

4.1. Prior to beginning any testing, all measuring equipment to be used must have been 

calibrated in accordance with the testing laboratory’s calibration procedure and schedule. 

All measuring equipment utilized for this testing must have been calibrated using a 

method traceable to the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) when 

available. 

4.2. Any laboratory using this procedure to supply certification test data as a contractor to 

NIOSH will be subject to the provisions of the NIOSH Supplier Qualification Program 

(SQP). This program is based on the tenets of ISO/IEC 17025, the NIOSH Manual of 

Analytical Methods and other NIOSH guidelines. An initial complete quality system audit 

and follow on audits are requirements of the program. Additional details of the Program 

and its requirements can be obtained directly from the Institute.* 

*Note 4.2 does not apply to Pretest data from applicants as required under 42 CFR 

84.64. 

4.3. Precision and accuracy (P&A) must be determined for each instrument in accordance 

with laboratory procedures and NIOSH/NPPTL guidance. Sound practice requires, under 

NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods, demonstrating a tolerance range of expected data 

performance of a plus or minus 25% of a 95% confidence interval of the stated standard 
Uncontrolled Copy 

 Uncontrolled Copy 

Uncontrolled Copy 

 Uncontrolled Copy 

Uncontrolled Copy 

 Uncontrolled Copy 

Uncontrolled Copy 

 Uncontrolled Copy 

Procedure No. TEB-APR-STP-0046C Revision: 2.1 Date: 24 November 2008 Page 3 of 11 

requirement. NIOSH/NPPTL P&A tolerance can be higher but not lower. 

4.4. The precision and accuracy of this method was determined by validation testing of a 

single lot of commercially available multi-gas type cartridges. The results of these tests 

are shown in the table below. 

 

TEST TYPE 

MEAN SERVICE LIFE 

(MINUTES) STD. DEV. 

 

AS RECEIVED 80.54 1.58 

EQUIL. 25% RH 186.07 2.89 

EQUIL. 85% RH 66.55 8.51 

4.5. Normal laboratory safety practices must be observed. Please refer to Material Safety 

Data Sheets and the current NIOSH Pittsburgh Health and Safety Program for the proper 

protection and care in handling, storing, and disposing of the chemicals used in this 

procedure. 

 

4.6. Carbon tetrachloride is a suspected human carcinogen. Containers of carbon 

tetrachloride are typically used inside the laboratory fume hood. If there is a release of 

carbon tetrachloride such as a spill outside the hood, sound an alarm, and any personnel 

in the laboratory should immediately exit from the building. Carbon tetrachloride is 

considered hazardous waste by EPA and must be disposed of accordingly. 

4.7. CARBON TETRACLORIDE BENCH TEST FOR CARTRIDGES 

4.7.1. Resistances and airflows for tight fitting PAPR will be taken before and after 

each test. Airflows only for loose fitting PAPR will be taken before and after 

each test. The standard testing procedures are described in TEB-APR-STP-003, 

TEB-APR-STP-007 and TEB-APR-STP-0012. 

4.7.2. Test conditions as required by 42 CFR 84.207. 

SAMPLE CONDITION EQUILIBRATION CONDITIONS TEST CONDITIONS TEST BREAKTHROUGH 

 FOR 6 HOURS CONCENTRATION CONCENTRATION 

 TEMP. AIRFLOW R.H. TEMP. AIRFLOW R.H. 

 ° C 

TIGHT 

FITTING 

LOOSE 

FITTING % ° C 

TIGHT 

FITTING 

LOOSE 

FITTING % PPMV CCl4 PPMV CCl4 

 LPM LPM LPM LPM 

1-3 

AS 

RECEIVED NA NA NA NA 25 115 170 50 1000 5 

4-5 

EQUIL. 25% 

R.H. 25 115 170 25 25 115 170 50 1000 5 

6-7 

EQUIL. 85% 

R.H. 25 115 170 85 25 115 170 50 1000 5 

 
Uncontrolled Copy 

 Uncontrolled Copy 

Uncontrolled Copy 

 Uncontrolled Copy 

Uncontrolled Copy 

 Uncontrolled Copy 

Uncontrolled Copy 

 Uncontrolled Copy 

Procedure No. TEB-APR-STP-0046C Revision: 2.1 Date: 24 November 2008 Page 4 of 11 

Tolerances: 

PARAMETER TOLERANCE 

 

25°C ± 2.5°C 

115 LPM ± 2.0 LPM 

170LPM ± 2.0 LPM 

25% R.H. ± 3% R.H. 

50% R.H. ± 3% R.H. 

85% R.H. +0/-5% R.H. 

1000 ppmv ± 10% 

 

NOTES: R.H. levels greater than 85% are difficult to maintain and may cause rapid 

degradation of service life. 

Tolerance on accuracy of air flow rates exceeds specification on Miller Nelson control 

unit because flow rates are calibrated for every test. This improves the precision of the 

measurement and allows for the tighter tolerance on short-term drift. 

4.7.3. All equilibrated cartridges will be resealed, kept in a position such that the 

direction of airflow would be horizontal, at room temperature, and testing shall 

begin within 18 hours. 

5. PROCEDURE 

Note: Reference Section 3 for equipment, model numbers and manufacturers. 

 Work Instructions are to be used in conjunction with standard NIOSH test apparatus. 

5.1. Set up the test equipment as shown in Figure 1. 

 

5.2. For carbon tetrachloride detection with the MIRAN 1A, the wavelength is set to 12.6 μm 

and the pathlength to 20.25 meters. Minimum detectable concentration is 1.1 ppm. The 

closed loop system consists of a stainless steel bellows pump, septum and tubing with a 

sample volume of 5.64 liters. For calibration procedures, refer to the user manual. Inject 

0.11 μL of carbon tetrachloride into closed loop system of the IR as described in the user 

manual. Refer to section 8.2 for this calculation. Once stabilized, the analyzer should 

read 5 ppmv. Make adjustment for Labview software to read 5.0 ppmv. Disconnect 

closed loop system and allow IR to return to zero reading. 

 

5.3. Establish the correct humidity and temperature for the sample being tested as per the test 

requirements in paragraph 4.7. 

5.4. Set the airflow to the required level for the sample being tested as per the test 

requirements in paragraph 4.7. Calibrate the total airflow, including any additional flow 

arising from hygrometer flow rates, from the test fixture using the dry test meter. 

5.5. Weigh the PAPR cartridge(s) and record the weight. 
Uncontrolled Copy 

 Uncontrolled Copy 

Uncontrolled Copy 

 Uncontrolled Copy 

Uncontrolled Copy 

 Uncontrolled Copy 

Uncontrolled Copy 

 Uncontrolled Copy 

Procedure No. TEB-APR-STP-0046C Revision: 2.1 Date: 24 November 2008 Page 5 of 11 

5.6. Measure initial inhalation and exhalation resistances of the PAPR cartridge(s) mounted 

on the respirator if the test sample is a tight-fitting PAPR. as described in TEB-APRSTP-003 and TEB-APR-STP-007. Measure airflows of PAPR cartridge mounted on 

blower assembly with the entire respirator as described in TEB-APR-STP-0012. Record 

values on the data sheet. 

5.7. Make sure diverter valve in the system is diverting the challenge concentration airflow to 

discharge and not into the testing chamber. 

5.8. Mount PAPR cartridge(s) and blower assembly onto test fixture, and place in testing 

chamber. 

5.9. Fill pump reservoir with carbon tetrachloride. Insert needle from pump to septum tee in 

airline. 

5.10. Set the high precision pump for delivery of calculated carbon tetrachloride to obtain 1000 

ppmv at the testing airflow. See appendix 8.2. Turn on injection tee heater. 

5.11. Start flow from the high precision pump to the needle. 

5.12. Record the initial weight of the carbon tetrachloride reserve and start test. 

5.13. Monitor and record challenge and breakthrough temperatures, challenge RH and 

breakthrough values and times throughout testing. 

5.14. Run test until breakthrough of 5.0 ppmv is observed or minimum service life shown in 

section 6.2 is surpassed by 10%. Weigh and record the final weight of the carbon 

tetrachloride reservoir. 

5.15. At end of test, system will automatically direct challenge concentration airflow through 

diverter valve to discharge. 

5.16. Calculate and record the challenge concentration of the carbon tetrachloride (see 

attachment 8.2). 

5.17. Dismount PAPR cartridge(s), weigh and record final weight, and take final inhalation and 

exhalation resistances mounted on the respirator if the test sample is a tight-fitting PAPR 

as described in TEB-APR-STP-003 and TEB-APR-STP-007. Measure airflows of PAPR 

cartridge mounted on blower assembly with the entire respirator as described in TEBAPR-STP-0012. Measurement of the final inhalation and exhalation resistances is 

required for certification and audit testing. 

5.18. If there is another sample to test, repeat steps 5.5 – 5.16. 

5.19 After all tests are completed for the shift, set temperature and humidity to zero on the 

Miller Nelson system and allow clean air to pass through the system for 30 minutes. 

Purge the breakthrough detector with clean air for 15 minutes. 
Uncontrolled Copy 

 Uncontrolled Copy 

Uncontrolled Copy 

 Uncontrolled Copy 

Uncontrolled Copy 

 Uncontrolled Copy 

Uncontrolled Copy 

 Uncontrolled Copy 

Procedure No. TEB-APR-STP-0046C Revision: 2.1 Date: 24 November 2008 Page 6 of 11 

6. PASS/FAIL CRITERIA

6.1. The standard requirement for passing this test is set forth in 42 CFR Part 84, Subpart L, 

Section 84.207 and 84.1157(f). 

6.2. Minimum service life requirements for cartridges are shown below. 

Test atmosphere Minimum life 2,3 

(min.) 

Minimum life 2,3 

(min.) 

Cartridge Test condition 

Gas or 

vapor 

Concentration 

(p.p.m.v.) 

Flowrate 

(l.p.m.)2

Number of 

tests 

Penetration 1 

(p.p.m.v.) 

Cartridge for 

One Type of Gas 

Cartridge for 

More Than One 

Type of Gas 

Organic vapor As received CCl4 1000 115 / 170 3 5 50 25 

Organic vapor Equilibrated CCl4 1000 115 / 170 4 5 25 12.5 

1

Minimum life will be determined at the indicated penetration. 

2

Test flowrate shall be 115 lpm for tight fitting facepieces and 170 lpm for loose fitting facepieces. 3

Where a respirator is designed for respiratory protection against more than one type of gas or vapor, as for use in 

organic vapor and ammonia, the minimum life shall be 25 minutes for as received samples, and 12.5 minutes for 

equilibrated samples. Where a respirator is designed for respiratory protection against organic vapor alone (one type 

of gas), the minimal life shall be 50 minutes for as received samples, and 25 minutes for equilibrated samples (see 

Table entries).

 

 7. RECORDS/TEST SHEETS

7.1. Record the test data in a format that shall be stored and retrievable. 

8. ATTACHMENTS

8.1. Figure 1. – Bench-Top Set-up 

8.2. Calculations for carbon tetrachloride 

8.3. Data Sheet 
Uncontrolled Copy 

 Uncontrolled Copy 

Uncontrolled Copy 

 Uncontrolled Copy 

Uncontrolled Copy 

 Uncontrolled Copy 

Uncontrolled Copy 

 Uncontrolled Copy 

Procedure No. TEB-APR-STP-0046C Revision: 2.1 Date: 24 November 2008 Page 7 of 11 

8.1.Figure 1. – Bench-Top Set-up 
Uncontrolled Copy 

 Uncontrolled Copy 

Uncontrolled Copy 

 Uncontrolled Copy 

Uncontrolled Copy 

 Uncontrolled Copy 

Uncontrolled Copy 

 Uncontrolled Copy 

Procedure No. TEB-APR-STP-0046C Revision: 2.1 Date: 24 November 2008 Page 8 of 11 

8.2. Calculations for carbon tetrachloride 

Carbon tetrachloride: 

Molecular weight = 153.8 g/mol 

1 ppmv = 6.29 mg / m3 @ 25 o

C ; 760 mm Hg 

1. Calculations for injection rate of carbon tetrachloride. 

Injection rate (ml/hr) = Conc (ppmv) X 6.29 ((mg / m3

)/ppmv) X Airflow (L/min) X 60 min 

1000 (mg/g) X 1000 (L/m3

) X 1.59 (g/ml) 

 

170 Lpm 115 Lpm 

1000 ppmv 40.35 ml/hr 27.30 ml/hr 

2. Calculations for actual challenge concentration. 

Conc (ppmv) = amount delivered (g) X 24.45 (L/mol) X 1,000,000

 Airflow (Lpm) X Test time (min) X 153.8 (g/mol) 

3. Calculations for calibrating downstream concentration using closed loop system. 

Microliter injection amount = Conc (ppmv) X 5.64L X 153.8 g/mol X 1x 106

 μL / L

 1 X 106

 X 24.45 L/mol X 1.59 g/mL X 1000 mL/L 

For 5 ppmv: 

Microliter injection amount = 5ppmv X 5.64L X 153.8g/mol X 1,000,000 μL/L

 1,000,000 X 24.45 L/mol X 1.59 g/mL X 1000 mL/L 

 = 0.11 μL
Uncontrolled Copy 

 Uncontrolled Copy 

Uncontrolled Copy 

 Uncontrolled Copy 

Uncontrolled Copy 

 Uncontrolled Copy 

Uncontrolled Copy 

 Uncontrolled Copy 

Procedure No. TEB-APR-STP-0046C Revision: 2.1 Date: 24 November 2008 Page 9 of 11 

8.2.Data Sheet 

RB - RESPIRATOR CERTIFICATION TEAM 

 GAS & VAPOR RESPIRATOR TEST DATA SHEET (Ref.33-48,50,62) STP No.: [ ] 

 Task Number: TN- Gas Name: 

Manufacturer: Item Tested: 

RESISTANCE Maximum Allowable Resistance 

 (mm of H2O) 

 Actual Resistance 

 (mm of H2O) 

 Inhalation Exhalation Inhalation Exhalation 

 Test 

Initial Initial 

Final Initial Final 

 Result 

 1

 2

 3

 4

 5

 6

 7

 Overall Results: Pass Fail Comment: 

WEIGHTS WEIGHTS (gm) AIRFLOW (Lpm)

 AND 

 AIRFLOWS Test Rate (PAPR Only)

 Test 

Con'd Conc. 

(ppmv) RH% Lpm Initial Final 

 1

 2

 3

 4

 5

 6

 7 

 Overall Results: Pass Fail Comment: 

DATA TABLE Temperature (oC) 

 Test 

 Test 

 Cond. 

 Final 

 Time (min) 

 Leakage 

 (ppmv) 

 Dns

tream 

 Chall

enge 

 Corrected 

 Time (min) 

 1 

 2 

 3 

 4 

 5 

 6 

 7 

 Overall Results: Pass Fail Comment: 

 Was all testing equipment in calibration throughout all testing: Yes 

 

 

 Signature: 

No 

 Date: 
Uncontrolled Copy 

 Uncontrolled Copy 

Uncontrolled Copy 

 Uncontrolled Copy 

Uncontrolled Copy 

 Uncontrolled Copy 

Uncontrolled Copy 

 Uncontrolled Copy 

Procedure No. TEB-APR-STP-0046C Revision: 2.1 Date: 24 November 2008 Page 10 of 11 

RB - RESPIRATOR CERTIFICATION TEAM Page 2 

 GAS & VAPOR RESPIRATOR TEST DATA SHEET (Ref.33-48,50,62) STP No.: [ ] 

 Task Number: TN- Gas Name: 

Manufacturer: Item Tested: 

 

Additional Comments: 

Signature: Date: 
Uncontrolled Copy 

 Uncontrolled Copy 

Uncontrolled Copy 

 Uncontrolled Copy 

Uncontrolled Copy 

 Uncontrolled Copy 

Uncontrolled Copy 

 Uncontrolled Copy 

Procedure No. TEB-APR-STP-0046C Revision: 2.1 Date: 24 November 2008 Page 11 of 11 

Revision History 

Revision Date Reason for Revision 

1.0 March 8, 2002 Historic document 

1.1 June 6, 2005 Update header and format to reflect lab move from Morgantown, WV 

No changes to method 

2.0 19 December 2006 Significant rewrite of RCT-APR-STP-0046. Changes affect form and 

provide clarification of technical content. 

2.1 24 November 2008 Section Change 

4.7.2. Correction to table in 4.7.2. – Airflow for sample 1-3 

Test Conditions to indicate 115 lpm, for Tight-Fitting, 

and 170 lpm, for Loose-Fitting 

5. Sub-steps from 5.9. through 5.19. renumbered, and intra 

references changed accordingly.