I 

115TH CONGRESS 

2D SESSION H. R. 5312 

To amend the Higher Education Act of 1965 to reauthorize the Federal 

work-study program, and for other purposes. 

IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 

MARCH 15, 2018 

Ms. BONAMICI (for herself and Mr. KILMER) introduced the following bill; 

which was referred to the Committee on Education and the Workforce 

A BILL 

To amend the Higher Education Act of 1965 to reauthorize 

the Federal work-study program, and for other purposes. 

1 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa2 tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 

3 SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 

4 This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Opportunities for Suc5 cess Act of 2018’’. 

6 SEC. 2. EXTENSION OF AUTHORIZATION. 

7 Section 441 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 

8 U.S.C. 1087–51) is amended— 

9 (1) in subsection (b), by striking ‘‘part, such 

10 sums as may be necessary for fiscal year 2009 and 


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1 each of the five succeeding fiscal years.’’ and insert2 ing ‘‘part— 

3 ‘‘(1) $1,500,000,000 for fiscal year 2019; 

4 ‘‘(2) $1,750,000,000 for fiscal year 2020; 

5 ‘‘(3) $2,000,000,000 for fiscal year 2021; 

6 ‘‘(4) $2,250,000,000 for fiscal year 2022; and 

7 ‘‘(5) $2,500,000,000 for fiscal year 2023 and 

8 each succeeding fiscal year.’’; 

9 (2) in subsection (c)— 

10 (A) in paragraph (3), by striking ‘‘and’’; 

11 (B) in paragraph (4)(C), by striking the 

12 period at the end and inserting ‘‘; and’’; and 

13 (C) by adding at the end the following: 

14 ‘‘(5) work-based learning designed to give stu15 dents experience in any activity described in para16 graph (1), (2), (3), or (4), whether or not credit is 

17 awarded.’’; and 

18 (3) by adding at the end the following: 

19 ‘‘(d) WORK-BASED LEARNING DEFINED.—For pur20 poses of this part, the term ‘work-based learning’ means 

21 sustained interactions with industry, community, or aca22 demic professionals in real workplace settings that— 

23 ‘‘(1) foster in-depth, first-hand engagement 

24 with the tasks required of a given career field that 

25 are aligned to a student’s field of study; and 


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1 ‘‘(2) may include internships, fellowships, and 

2 apprenticeships.’’. 

3 SEC. 3. ALLOCATION FORMULA. 

4 Section 442 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 

5 U.S.C. 1087–52) is amended to read as follows: 

6 ‘‘(a) RESERVATIONS.— 

7 ‘‘(1) RESERVATION FOR IMPROVED INSTITU8 TIONS.— 

9 ‘‘(A) AMOUNT OF RESERVATION FOR IM10 PROVED INSTITUTIONS.—Beginning with the 

11 first fiscal year that is 2 years after the date 

12 of the enactment of the Opportunities for Suc13 cess Act of 2018, for a fiscal year in which the 

14 amount appropriated under section 441(b) ex15 ceeds $700,000,000, the Secretary shall— 

16 ‘‘(i) reserve the lesser of— 

17 ‘‘(I) an amount equal to 20 per18 cent of the amount by which the 

19 amount appropriated under section 

20 441(b) exceeds $700,000,000; or 

21 ‘‘(II) $150,000,000; and 

22 ‘‘(ii) allocate the amount reserved 

23 under clause (i) to each improved institu24 tion in an amount equal to the greater of 

25 the following: 


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1 ‘‘(I) The amount that bears the 

2 same proportion to the amount re3 served under clause (i) as the total 

4 amount of all Federal Pell Grant 

5 funds awarded at the improved insti6 tution for the second preceding fiscal 

7 year bears to the total amount of Fed8 eral Pell Grant funds awarded at im9 proved institutions participating under 

10 this part for the second preceding fis11 cal year. 

12 ‘‘(II) $5,000. 

13 ‘‘(B) IMPROVED INSTITUTION DE14 SCRIBED.—For purposes of this paragraph, an 

15 improved institution is an institution that, on 

16 the date the Secretary makes an allocation 

17 under subparagraph (A)(ii)— 

18 ‘‘(i) is an institution of higher edu19 cation (as defined under section 101); 

20 ‘‘(ii) meets the requirements of sub21 section (d)(5); and 

22 ‘‘(iii) is with respect to— 

23 ‘‘(I) the completion rate or grad24 uation rate of Federal Pell Grant re25 cipients at the institution, in the top 


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1 75 percent of all institutions partici2 pating under this part for the pre3 ceding fiscal year; 

4 ‘‘(II) the percentage of Federal 

5 Pell Grant recipients at the institu6 tion, in the top 50 percent of the in7 stitutions described in subclause (I); 

8 and 

9 ‘‘(III) the annual increase in the 

10 completion rate or graduation rate of 

11 Federal Pell Grant recipients at the 

12 institution, in the top 50 percent of 

13 the institutions described in sub14 clauses (I) and (II). 

15 ‘‘(C) COMPLETION RATE OR GRADUATION

16 RATE.—For purposes of determining the com17 pletion rate or graduation rate under this sec18 tion, a Federal Pell Grant recipient who is ei19 ther a full-time student or a part-time student 

20 shall be counted as a completion or graduation 

21 if, within 150 percent of the normal time for 

22 completion of or graduation from the program, 

23 the student has completed or graduated from 

24 the program, or enrolled in any program of an 

25 institution participating in any program under 


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1 this title for which the prior program provides 

2 substantial preparation. 

3 ‘‘(2) RESERVATION FOR GRANT PROGRAM.— 

4 From the amount appropriated under section 441(b) 

5 for a fiscal year and remaining after the Secretary 

6 reserves funds under subparagraph (A), the Sec7 retary shall reserve $30,000,000 to carry out grants 

8 under section 449. 

9 ‘‘(3) REALLOCATION OF AMOUNT RETURNED BY

10 IMPROVED INSTITUTIONS.—If an institution returns 

11 to the Secretary any portion of the sums allocated 

12 to such institution under this subsection for any fis13 cal year, the Secretary shall reallot such excess to 

14 improved institutions on the same basis as under 

15 paragraph (1)(A). 

16 ‘‘(4) PUBLICATION.—Beginning 1 year after 

17 the first allocations are made to improved institu18 tions under paragraph (1)(A) and annually there19 after, the Secretary shall make publicly available— 

20 ‘‘(A) a list of the improved institutions 

21 that received funding under such paragraph in 

22 the prior fiscal year; 

23 ‘‘(B) the percentage of students at each 

24 such improved institution that are Federal Pell 

25 Grant recipients; 


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1 ‘‘(C) the completion rate or graduation 

2 rate for the students described in subparagraph 

3 (B) with respect to each such improved institu4 tion; and 

5 ‘‘(D) a comparison between the informa6 tion described in subparagraphs (A), (B), and 

7 (C) for the prior fiscal year for such improved 

8 institution, and such information for the year 

9 prior to such year. 

10 ‘‘(b) ALLOCATION FORMULA FOR FISCAL YEARS

11 2019 THROUGH 2023.— 

12 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—From the amount appro13 priated under section 441(b) for a fiscal year and re14 maining after the Secretary reserves funds under 

15 subsection (a), the Secretary shall allocate to each 

16 institution— 

17 ‘‘(A) for fiscal year 2019, an amount equal 

18 to the greater of— 

19 ‘‘(i) 90 percent of the amount the in20 stitution received under this subsection 

21 and subsection (a) for fiscal year 2018, as 

22 such subsections were in effect with re23 spect to such fiscal year (in this subpara24 graph referred to as ‘the 2018 amount for 

25 the institution’); or 


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1 ‘‘(ii) the fair share amount for the in2 stitution determined under subsection (d); 

3 ‘‘(B) for fiscal year 2020, an amount equal 

4 to the greater of— 

5 ‘‘(i) 80 percent of the 2018 amount 

6 for the institution; or 

7 ‘‘(ii) the fair share amount for the in8 stitution determined under subsection (d); 

9 ‘‘(C) for fiscal year 2021, an amount equal 

10 to the greater of— 

11 ‘‘(i) 60 percent of the 2018 amount 

12 for the institution; or 

13 ‘‘(ii) the fair share amount for the in14 stitution determined under subsection (d); 

15 ‘‘(D) for fiscal year 2022, an amount equal 

16 to the greater of— 

17 ‘‘(i) 40 percent of the 2018 amount 

18 for the institution; or 

19 ‘‘(ii) the fair share amount for the in20 stitution determined under subsection (d); 

21 and 

22 ‘‘(E) for fiscal year 2023, an amount equal 

23 to the greater of— 

24 ‘‘(i) 20 percent of the 2018 amount 

25 for the institution; or 


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1 ‘‘(ii) the fair share amount for the in2 stitution determined under subsection (d). 

3 ‘‘(2) RATABLE REDUCTION.— 

4 ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—If the amount appro5 priated under section 441(b) for a fiscal year 

6 and remaining after the Secretary reserves 

7 funds under subsection (a) is less than the 

8 amount required to be allocated to the institu9 tions under this subsection, then the amount of 

10 the allocation to each institution shall be rat11 ably reduced. 

12 ‘‘(B) ADDITIONAL APPROPRIATIONS.—If 

13 the amounts allocated to each institution are 

14 ratably reduced under subparagraph (A) for a 

15 fiscal year and additional amounts are appro16 priated for such fiscal year, the amount allo17 cated to each institution from the additional 

18 amounts shall be increased on the same basis as 

19 the amounts under subparagraph (A) were re20 duced (until each institution receives the 

21 amount required to be allocated under this sub22 section). 

23 ‘‘(c) ALLOCATION FORMULA FOR FISCAL YEAR 2024 

24 AND EACH SUCCEEDING FISCAL YEAR.—Except as pro25 vided in subsection (d)(5), from the amount appropriated 


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1 under section 441(b) for fiscal year 2024 and each suc2 ceeding fiscal year and remaining after the Secretary re3 serves funds under subsection (a), the Secretary shall allo4 cate to each institution the fair share amount for the insti5 tution determined under subsection (d). 

6 ‘‘(d) DETERMINATION OF FAIR SHARE AMOUNT.— 

7 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Subject to paragraph (2), 

8 the fair share amount for an institution for a fiscal 

9 year shall be equal to the sum of— 

10 ‘‘(A) 100 percent of the institution’s un11 dergraduate student need described in para12 graph (3) for the preceding fiscal year; and 

13 ‘‘(B) 25 percent of the institution’s grad14 uate student need described in paragraph (4) 

15 for the preceding fiscal year. 

16 ‘‘(2) INSTITUTIONAL UNDERGRADUATE STU17 DENT NEED.—The undergraduate student need for 

18 an institution for a fiscal year shall be equal to the 

19 sum of the following: 

20 ‘‘(A) An amount equal to 50 percent of the 

21 amount that bears the same proportion to the 

22 available appropriated amount for such fiscal 

23 year as the total amount of Federal Pell Grant 

24 funds awarded at the institution for the pre25 ceding fiscal year bears to the total amount of 


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1 Federal Pell Grant funds awarded at all institu2 tions participating under this part for the pre3 ceding fiscal year. 

4 ‘‘(B) An amount equal to 50 percent of the 

5 amount that bears the same proportion to the 

6 available appropriated amount for such fiscal 

7 year as the total amount of the undergraduate 

8 student need at the institution for the preceding 

9 fiscal year bears to the total amount of under10 graduate student need at all institutions partici11 pating under this part for the preceding fiscal 

12 year. 

13 ‘‘(3) INSTITUTIONAL GRADUATE STUDENT

14 NEED.—The graduate student need for an institu15 tion for a fiscal year shall be equal to the amount 

16 that bears the same proportion to the available ap17 propriated amount for such fiscal year as the total 

18 amount of the graduate student need at the institu19 tion for the preceding fiscal year bears to the total 

20 amount of graduate student need at all institutions 

21 participating under this part for the preceding fiscal 

22 year. 

23 ‘‘(4) ELIGIBILITY FOR FAIR SHARE AMOUNT.— 

24 The Secretary may not allocate funds under this 

25 part to any institution that, for two or more fiscal 


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1 years during any three fiscal year period beginning 

2 not earlier than the first day of the first fiscal year 

3 that is 2 years after the date of the enactment of 

4 this paragraph, has— 

5 ‘‘(A) a student population with less than 7 

6 percent of undergraduate students who are re7 cipients of Federal Pell Grants; or 

8 ‘‘(B) if the institution only enrolls grad9 uate students, a student population that less 

10 than 5 percent of students that have an ex11 pected family contribution of zero. 

12 ‘‘(5) DEFINITIONS.—In this subsection: 

13 ‘‘(A) AVAILABLE APPROPRIATED

14 AMOUNT.—In this section, the term ‘available 

15 appropriated amount’ means— 

16 ‘‘(i) the amount appropriated under 

17 section 441(b) for a fiscal year, minus 

18 ‘‘(ii) the amounts reserved under sub19 section (a) for such fiscal year. 

20 ‘‘(B) AVERAGE COST OF ATTENDANCE.— 

21 The term ‘average cost of attendance’ means, 

22 with respect to an institution, the average of 

23 the attendance costs for a fiscal year for stu24 dents which shall include— 


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1 ‘‘(i) tuition and fees, computed on the 

2 basis of information reported by the insti3 tution to the Secretary, which shall in4 clude— 

5 ‘‘(I) total revenue received by the 

6 institution from undergraduate and 

7 graduate tuition and fees for the sec8 ond year preceding the year for which 

9 it is applying for an allocation; and 

10 ‘‘(II) the institution’s enrollment 

11 for such second preceding year; 

12 ‘‘(ii) standard living expenses equal to 

13 150 percent of the difference between the 

14 income protection allowance for a family of 

15 five with one in college and the income 

16 protection allowance for a family of six 

17 with one in college for a single independent 

18 student; and 

19 ‘‘(iii) books and supplies, in an 

20 amount not exceeding $1000. 

21 ‘‘(C) GRADUATE STUDENT NEED.—The 

22 term ‘graduate student need’ means, with re23 spect to a graduate student for a fiscal year, 

24 the lesser of the following: 


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1 ‘‘(i) The amount equal to (except the 

2 amount computed by this clause shall not 

3 be less than zero)— 

4 ‘‘(I) the average cost of attend5 ance for the preceding fiscal year, 

6 minus 

7 ‘‘(II) each such graduate stu8 dent’s expected family contribution 

9 (computed in accordance with part F 

10 of this title) for the preceding fiscal 

11 year. 

12 ‘‘(ii) The total loan limit for Federal 

13 Direct Unsubsidized Stafford Loan. 

14 ‘‘(D) UNDERGRADUATE STUDENT NEED.— 

15 The term ‘undergraduate student need’ means, 

16 with respect to an undergraduate student for a 

17 fiscal year, the lesser of the following: 

18 ‘‘(i) The total of the amount equal to 

19 (except the amount computed by this 

20 clause shall not be less than zero)— 

21 ‘‘(I) the average cost of attend22 ance for the fiscal year, minus 

23 ‘‘(II) each such undergraduate 

24 student’s expected family contribution 

25 (computed in accordance with part F 


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1 of this title) for the preceding fiscal 

2 year. 

3 ‘‘(ii) The total loan limit for Federal 

4 Direct Unsubsidized Stafford loan and 

5 Federal Direct Loan. 

6 ‘‘(e) RETURN OF SURPLUS ALLOCATED FUNDS.— 

7 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Except with respect to 

8 funds returned under subsection (a)(3), if an institu9 tion returns to the Secretary any portion of the 

10 sums allocated to such institution under this section 

11 for any fiscal year, the Secretary shall reallot such 

12 excess to institutions that used at least 10 percent 

13 of the total amount of funds granted to such institu14 tion under this section to compensate students em15 ployed during a qualified period of nonenrollment 

16 (as such term is defined in section 443(f)) on the 

17 same basis as excess eligible amounts are allocated 

18 under subsection (d). 

19 ‘‘(2) USE OF FUNDS.—Funds received by insti20 tutions pursuant to this subsection shall be used to 

21 compensate students employed in work-based learn22 ing positions. 

23 ‘‘(3) RETAINED FUNDS.— 

24 ‘‘(A) AMOUNT RETURNED.—If an institu25 tion returns more than 10 percent of its allocaVerDate Sep 11 2014 20:45 Apr 02, 2018 Jkt 079200 PO 00000 Frm 00015 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\H5312.IH H5312

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1 tion under paragraph (1), the institution’s allo2 cation for the next fiscal year shall be reduced 

3 by the amount returned. 

4 ‘‘(B) WAIVER.—The Secretary may waive 

5 this paragraph for a specific institution if the 

6 Secretary finds that enforcing this paragraph 

7 would be contrary to the interest of the pro8 gram. 

9 ‘‘(f) FILING DEADLINES.—The Secretary may re10 quire applications under this section, at such time, in such 

11 manner, and containing such information as the Secretary 

12 may require.’’. 

13 SEC. 4. GRANTS FOR FEDERAL WORK-STUDY PROGRAMS. 

14 Section 443 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 

15 U.S.C. 1087–53) is amended— 

16 (1) in subsection (b)— 

17 (A) by amending paragraph (2)(A) to read 

18 as follows: 

19 ‘‘(A) for fiscal year 2019 and succeeding 

20 fiscal years, an institution shall (unless the Sec21 retary determines that enforcing this subpara22 graph would cause hardship for students at the 

23 institution) use— 

24 ‘‘(i) at least 7 percent of the total 

25 amount of funds granted to such instituVerDate Sep 11 2014 20:45 Apr 02, 2018 Jkt 079200 PO 00000 Frm 00016 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\H5312.IH H5312

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1 tion under this section for such fiscal year 

2 to compensate students employed in work3 based learning positions; and 

4 ‘‘(ii) at least 3 percent of the total 

5 amount of funds granted to such institu6 tion under this section for such fiscal year 

7 to compensate students who have excep8 tional need (as defined in section 

9 413C(c)(2)) and are employed in a work10 based learning position during a qualified 

11 period of nonenrollment, as defined in sub12 section (f).’’; 

13 (B) in paragraph (4)— 

14 (i) by striking ‘‘$300’’ and inserting 

15 ‘‘$500’’; and 

16 (ii) by inserting ‘‘except as provided 

17 under subsection (f),’’ before ‘‘provide’’; 

18 (C) in paragraph (5), by striking ‘‘75 per19 cent’’ each place it appears and inserting ‘‘75 

20 percent in the first year after the date of the 

21 enactment of the Opportunities for Success Act 

22 of 2018, 65 percent in the first succeeding fis23 cal year, 60 percent in the second succeeding 

24 fiscal year, 55 percent in the third succeeding 


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1 fiscal year, and 50 percent each succeeding fis2 cal year’’; 

3 (D) in paragraph (6)— 

4 (i) by inserting ‘‘who demonstrate ex5 ceptional need (as defined in section 

6 413C(c)(2))’’ after ‘‘students’’; and 

7 (ii) by striking ‘‘in need thereof’’; 

8 (E) in paragraph (7), by striking ‘‘voca9 tional’’ and inserting ‘‘career’’; 

10 (F) in paragraph (8)(A)(i), by striking ‘‘or 

11 vocational goals’’ and inserting ‘‘ career goals’’; 

12 (G) in paragraph (10), by striking ‘‘; and’’ 

13 and inserting a semicolon; 

14 (H) in paragraph (11), by striking the pe15 riod at the end and inserting a semicolon; and 

16 (I) by adding at the end the following: 

17 ‘‘(12) provide assurances that compensation of 

18 students employed in the work-study program in ac19 cordance with the agreement shall include reim20 bursement for reasonable travel (not including the 

21 purchase of a vehicle) directly related to such work22 study program; 

23 ‘‘(13) provide assurances that the institution 

24 will administer and use feedback from the surveys 

25 required under section 9 of the Opportunities for 


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1 Success Act of 2018 to improve the experiences of 

2 students employed in the work-study program in ac3 cordance with the agreement; 

4 ‘‘(14) provide assurances that the institution 

5 will collect data from students and employers such 

6 that the employment made available from funds 

7 under this part will, to the maximum extent prac8 ticable, complement and reinforce the educational 

9 goals or career goals of each student receiving as10 sistance under this part; and 

11 ‘‘(15) provide assurances that if the institution 

12 receives funds under section 442(a)(1)(A), such in13 stitution shall— 

14 ‘‘(A) use such funds to compensate stu15 dents employed in the work-study program in 

16 accordance with the agreement; 

17 ‘‘(B) prioritize the awarding of such funds 

18 (and increasing the amount of each award) to 

19 students— 

20 ‘‘(i) who demonstrate exceptional need 

21 (as defined in section 413C(c)(2)); and 

22 ‘‘(ii) who are employed in work-based 

23 learning opportunities through the work 

24 study program in accordance with the 

25 agreement.’’; 


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1 (2) in subsection (c)— 

2 (A) by striking paragraph (2); 

3 (B) by inserting after paragraph (1) the 

4 following: 

5 ‘‘(2) provide assurances that compensation of 

6 students employed in the work-study program in ac7 cordance with the agreement shall include reim8 bursement for reasonable travel (not including the 

9 purchase of a vehicle) directly related to such work10 study program.’’; and 

11 (C) in paragraph (4), by inserting ‘‘and 

12 complement and reinforce the educational goals 

13 or career goals of each student receiving assist14 ance under this part’’ after ‘‘academically rel15 evant’’; 

16 (3) in subsection (d)(1)— 

17 (A) by striking ‘‘In any academic year to 

18 which subsection (b)(2)(A) applies, an institu19 tion shall ensure that’’ and inserting ‘‘An insti20 tution may use the’’; and 

21 (B) by striking ‘‘travel’’ and inserting 

22 ‘‘reasonable travel (not including the purchase 

23 of a vehicle)’’; 

24 (4) in subsection (e)(3), by striking ‘‘75’’ and 

25 inserting ‘‘50’’; and 


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1 (5) by adding at the end the following: 

2 ‘‘(f) QUALIFIED PERIOD OF NONENROLLMENT.— 

3 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—A student may be awarded 

4 work-study employment during a qualified period of 

5 nonenrollment if— 

6 ‘‘(A) the student demonstrates exceptional 

7 need (as defined in section 413C(c)(2)) in the 

8 award year prior to the qualified period of non9 enrollment; 

10 ‘‘(B) the student is employed in a work11 based learning position; and 

12 ‘‘(C) the employment— 

13 ‘‘(i) involves less than 25 percent ad14 ministrative work; and 

15 ‘‘(ii) is for at least 20 hours per week, 

16 unless the institution waives such require17 ment— 

18 ‘‘(I) at the request of the stu19 dent; or 

20 ‘‘(II) based on a finding by the 

21 institution that such requirement pre22 sents a hardship in finding a work23 based learning position for the stu24 dent. 

25 ‘‘(2) FUNDS EARNED.— 


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1 ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—Any funds earned by 

2 a student (beyond standard living expenses (as 

3 such term is described in section 

4 413D(c)(3)(C))) during the qualified period of 

5 nonenrollment less than or equal to $2,500 may 

6 not be applied to such student’s cost of attend7 ance for the next period in which the student 

8 is enrolled. 

9 ‘‘(B) EXCESS FUNDS.—Any funds earned 

10 by a student (beyond standard living expenses 

11 (as such term is described in section 

12 413D(c)(3)(C))) during the qualified period of 

13 nonenrollment in excess of $2,500 shall be ap14 plied to such student’s cost of attendance for 

15 the next period in which the student is enrolled. 

16 ‘‘(3) DEFINITION OF QUALIFIED PERIOD OF

17 NONENROLLMENT.—In this subsection, the term 

18 ‘qualified period of nonenrollment’ means, with re19 spect to a student, a period of nonenrollment that— 

20 ‘‘(A) occurs between a period of enrollment 

21 and a period of anticipated enrollment; and 

22 ‘‘(B) the duration of which is no longer 

23 than 6 months.’’. 


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1 SEC. 5. FLEXIBLE USE OF FUNDS. 

2 Section 445 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 

3 U.S.C. 1087–55) is amended— 

4 (1) in subsection (a), by adding at the end the 

5 following: 

6 ‘‘(3) In addition to the carry-over sums authorized 

7 under paragraph (1) of this section, an institution may 

8 permit a student who completed the previous award period 

9 to continue to earn unearned portions of the student’s 

10 work-study award from that previous period if— 

11 ‘‘(A) any reduction in the student’s need upon 

12 which the award was based is accounted for in the 

13 remaining portion; and 

14 ‘‘(B) the student is currently employed in a 

15 work-based learning position.’’; and 

16 (2) by striking ‘‘10 percent’’ both places it ap17 pears and inserting ‘‘20 percent’’. 

18 SEC. 6. JOB LOCATION AND DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS. 

19 (a) AMENDMENTS.—Section 446 of the Higher Edu20 cation Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1087–56) is amended— 

21 (1) in subsection (a)— 

22 (A) in paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘10 per23 cent or $75,000’’ and inserting ‘‘20 percent or 

24 $150,000’’; and 

25 (B) in paragraph (2), by striking ‘‘voca26 tional’’ and inserting ‘‘career’’; and 


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1 (2) in subsection (b)— 

2 (A) by striking paragraphs (1) and (2); 

3 and 

4 (B) by inserting before paragraph (3) the 

5 following: 

6 ‘‘(1) provide satisfactory assurance that the in7 stitution will prioritize placing students with excep8 tional need (as defined in section 413C(c)(2)) and 

9 Federal work-study recipients in jobs located and de10 veloped under this section; 

11 ‘‘(2) provide satisfactory assurances that the 

12 funds available under this section will be used to lo13 cate and develop work-based learning positions;’’; 

14 and 

15 (C) in paragraph (6), by striking the pe16 riod and inserting ‘‘, including— 

17 ‘‘(A) the number of students employed in 

18 work-based learning positions through such pro19 gram; 

20 ‘‘(B) the number of students dem21 onstrating exceptional need (as defined in sec22 tion 413C(c)(2)) and Federal work-study recipi23 ents employed through such program; and 

24 ‘‘(C) the number of students dem25 onstrating exceptional need (as defined in secVerDate Sep 11 2014 20:45 Apr 02, 2018 Jkt 079200 PO 00000 Frm 00024 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\H5312.IH H5312

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1 tion 413C(c)(2)) and Federal work-study recipi2 ents employed in work-based learning positions 

3 through such program.’’. 

4 (b) CLARIFICATION ON CARRY-OVER AUTHORITY.— 

5 Of the sums granted to an eligible institution under part 

6 C of title IV of the Higher Education Act (20 U.S.C. 

7 1087–51) for any fiscal year, 10 percent may, at the dis8 cretion of the institution, remain available for expenditure 

9 during the succeeding fiscal year to carry out programs 

10 under such part, including the job location and develop11 ment programs under section 446 of such Act (20 U.S.C. 

12 1087–56). 

13 SEC. 7. COMMUNITY SERVICE. 

14 Section 447 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 

15 U.S.C. 1087–57) is amended to read as follows: 

16 ‘‘SEC. 447. ADDITIONAL FUNDS TO CONDUCT COMMUNITY 

17 SERVICE WORK STUDY PROGRAMS. 

18 ‘‘Each institution participating under this part may 

19 use up to 10 percent of the funds made available under 

20 section 489(a) and attributable to the amount of the insti21 tution’s expenditures under this part to conduct that insti22 tution’s program of community service-learning, includ23 ing— 

24 ‘‘(1) development of mechanisms to assure the 

25 academic quality of the student experience; 


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1 ‘‘(2) assuring student access to educational re2 sources, expertise, and supervision necessary to 

3 achieve community service objectives; 

4 ‘‘(3) assuring, to the maximum extent prac5 ticable, that the community service-learning program 

6 will support the educational goals or career goals of 

7 students participating in such program; 

8 ‘‘(4) collaboration with public and private non9 profit agencies, and programs assisted under the 

10 National and Community Service Act of 1990 in the 

11 planning, development, and administration of such 

12 programs; and 

13 ‘‘(5) to recruit and compensate students for 

14 community service-learning (including compensation 

15 for time spent in training and for reasonable travel 

16 (not including the purchase of a vehicle) directly re17 lated to such community service).’’. 

18 SEC. 8. PILOT GRANT PROGRAM. 

19 Part C of title IV of the Higher Education Act (42 

20 U.S.C. 1087–51 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end 

21 the following: 

22 ‘‘SEC. 449. WORK-BASED LEARNING OPPORTUNITIES PILOT 

23 GRANT PROGRAM. 

24 ‘‘(a) ESTABLISHMENT.— 


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1 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall estab2 lish a program to provide grants to eligible institu3 tions participating under this part to establish or ex4 pand a program to develop work-based learning posi5 tions. 

6 ‘‘(2) LIMITATIONS.— 

7 ‘‘(A) DURATION.—A grant awarded under 

8 this section shall be for a period of not more 

9 than 4 years, but may be renewed by the Sec10 retary for a period of 2 years. 

11 ‘‘(B) AMOUNT.—A grant under this sec12 tion may not be in an amount greater than 

13 $1,000,000. 

14 ‘‘(b) APPLICATION.—To be selected to receive a grant 

15 under this section an eligible institution participating 

16 under this part shall submit an application to the Sec17 retary at such time, in such manner, and containing such 

18 information as the Secretary may require, including a plan 

19 that describes how the eligible institution will establish or 

20 expand a program to develop work-based learning posi21 tions that will— 

22 ‘‘(1) benefit students who demonstrate excep23 tional need (as defined in section 413C(c)(2)); 

24 ‘‘(2) identify high-demand occupations (as de25 termined by the Bureau of Labor and Statistics, 


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1 State departments of labor, and local workforce in2 vestment boards) and develop partnerships with 

3 high-demand employers (including nonprofit organi4 zations, for-profit firms, or public agencies); 

5 ‘‘(3) involve participating employers in evalu6 ating and improving such program; 

7 ‘‘(4) track and report academic and employ8 ment outcomes for participating students; and 

9 ‘‘(5) be able to continue after the end of the 

10 grant term. 

11 ‘‘(c) USE OF FUNDS.—Grant funds awarded under 

12 this program shall be used to pay wages for students par13 ticipating under this program and develop work-based 

14 learning positions that— 

15 ‘‘(1) are for a period of at least 12 weeks; 

16 ‘‘(2) serve students who demonstrate excep17 tional need (as defined in section 413C(c)(2)); 

18 ‘‘(3) limit administrative work to no more than 

19 25 percent of such position; 

20 ‘‘(4) provide a minimum of 15 hours of work 

21 per week during periods of enrollment and 30 hours 

22 per week during periods of nonenrollment, except 

23 such requirement may be waived by the institution 

24 in consultation with a student; 


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1 ‘‘(5) include career coaching from participating 

2 employers (including, mock interviews, resume writ3 ing assistance, and counseling on applying for and 

4 attaining employment); and 

5 ‘‘(6) provide participating students with oppor6 tunities to meet with employers in fields or indus7 tries related to those of particpating employers. 

8 ‘‘(d) REPORT.—On a date that is before the date on 

9 which the period of the grant received by an eligible insti10 tution under this section terminates, such institution shall 

11 submit a report to the Secretary including— 

12 ‘‘(1) the graduation rate or completion rate (as 

13 described under section 442(a)(1)(C)) with respect 

14 to students participating in work-based learning po15 sitions under the pilot program; and 

16 ‘‘(2) the results of the work-based learning op17 portunities program for which such institution re18 ceived such grant, including— 

19 ‘‘(A) participating students’ satisfaction 

20 with the program (as reported in surveys under 

21 section 9 of the Opportunities for Success Act 

22 of 2018); 

23 ‘‘(B) the types of jobs in which partici24 pating students were employed and the types of 

25 duties performed in such jobs; 


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1 ‘‘(C) the academic programs of the partici2 pating students; 

3 ‘‘(D) the share of participating students 

4 who worked at another job, in addition to the 

5 one under the pilot program; 

6 ‘‘(E) the percentage of participating stu7 dents who, during the second quarter after 

8 completing their academic program, are in edu9 cation or training activities or unsubsidized em10 ployment; 

11 ‘‘(F) the percentage of participating stu12 dents employed in high-demand occupations 

13 within 2 quarters of completing their academic 

14 programs; and 

15 ‘‘(G) other items as determined by the Sec16 retary. 

17 ‘‘(e) RESERVATION OF FUNDING FOR SUCH PRO18 GRAM.—From the amount appropriated under section 

19 441(b) for a fiscal year and remaining after the Secretary 

20 reserves funds under section 442(a)(1), the Secretary shall 

21 reserve $30,000,000 to carry out grants under this sec22 tion.’’. 

23 SEC. 9. DEPARTMENT ACTIVITIES. 

24 (a) SURVEYS.—Not later than 1 year after the date 

25 of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Education 


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1 shall develop, in consultation with work-study administra2 tors from institutions of higher education, participating 

3 employers, and participating students— 

4 (1) a consumer-tested electronic survey for stu5 dents awarded work-study employment under the 

6 Federal work-study program under Part C of title 

7 IV of the Higher Education Act (42 U.S.C. 1087– 

8 51 et seq.) that— 

9 (A) measures each such student’s satisfac10 tion with the Federal work-study program, in11 cluding— 

12 (i) any complaints the student has 

13 with respect to the program; 

14 (ii) the amount and quality of the on15 the-job training the student received; 

16 (iii) the amount and quality of on-the17 job supervision and employer feedback the 

18 student received; 

19 (iv) the amount and quality of infor20 mation provided by the institution about 

21 the work-study program and job opportuni22 ties and the availability of work-study staff 

23 at the institution; 

24 (v) the quality of the assistance pro25 vided by the institution to the student in 


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1 finding a work-study job and the avail2 ability of types of jobs; and 

3 (vi) the student’s overall satisfaction 

4 with the work-study program; 

5 (B) measures the applicability of work6 study employment to the educational goals and 

7 career goals of each such student; 

8 (C) elicits an assessment by each such stu9 dent of the capacity to manage time between 

10 work-study employment and coursework; 

11 (D) measures, with respect to the pro12 gram— 

13 (i) the award amounts under the pro14 gram; 

15 (ii) the average number of hours stu16 dents worked per week, and the wages re17 ceived for such work; 

18 (iii) the number of on campus jobs 

19 and off campus jobs; 

20 (iv) how students located work-study 

21 positions; 

22 (v) the work performed at each job; 

23 (vi) whether students worked addi24 tional jobs while employed in a work-study 


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1 job (and the reason for such additional 

2 job); 

3 (vii) whether the work-study employ4 ment had an impact on the student’s aca5 demic performance; and 

6 (viii) the voluntarily disclosed demo7 graphics of students awarded work-study 

8 employment; and 

9 (E) includes such information as the Sec10 retary may require; and 

11 (2) a consumer-tested electronic survey for em12 ployers of students described in paragraph (1) 

13 that— 

14 (A) measures each such employer’s satis15 faction with the Federal work-study program, 

16 including— 

17 (i) the extent to which the employer is 

18 satisfied with its ability to accommodate 

19 students’ schedules; 

20 (ii) the extent to which student-em21 ployees are prepared for the duties adver22 tised for the job; and 

23 (iii) the extent to which the employer 

24 is satisfied with opportunities to make recVerDate Sep 11 2014 20:45 Apr 02, 2018 Jkt 079200 PO 00000 Frm 00033 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\H5312.IH H5312

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1 ommendations for improving institutions’ 

2 academic programs; 

3 (B) elicits an assessment by each such em4 ployer of— 

5 (i) any complaints the employer had 

6 with respect to the program; 

7 (ii) any skills or knowledge necessary 

8 for the job that student-employees are 

9 lacking; and 

10 (iii) the extent of outreach from insti11 tutions to the employer; and 

12 (C) includes such information as the Sec13 retary may require; and 

14 (3) a consumer-tested electronic survey that, 

15 not less than once every 4 years, with respect to 

16 each institution of higher education participating in 

17 the Federal work-study program, measures— 

18 (A) methods used to recruit on-campus 

19 and off-campus employers; 

20 (B) if an institution operates a job location 

21 development program— 

22 (i) the share of jobs filled on-campus 

23 and off-campus; 

24 (ii) the share of jobs filled by— 

25 (I) work-study recipients; and 


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1 (II) students who demonstrate 

2 exceptional need (as defined in section 

3 413C(c)(2) of the Higher Education 

4 Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1070b– 

5 2(c)(2))); 

6 (iii) the primary factors considered in 

7 matching work-study students and jobs; 

8 (iv) the share of students employed in 

9 work-based learning opportunities; and 

10 (v) the share of students employed 

11 during qualified periods of nonenrollment, 

12 including the share of students with excep13 tional need (as defined in section 

14 413C(c)(2) of the Higher Education Act of 

15 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1070b–2(c)(2))) employed 

16 during qualified periods of nonenrollment; 

17 (C) the institution’s Federal and non-Fed18 eral contributions toward work-study wages; 

19 (D) the primary factors considered in 

20 awarding students work-study and in deter21 mining the amount of the award; 

22 (E) the acceptance rate among students 

23 who were offered work-study aid; and 

24 (F) other information the Secretary may 

25 require. 


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1 (b) RESULTS.—The Secretary of Education shall de2 velop an online portal— 

3 (1) for students, employers, and institutions of 

4 higher education to access the surveys required 

5 under subsection (a); and 

6 (2) to compile the results of such surveys. 

7 (c) REPORT.—Not less than once every 4 year after 

8 the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of 

9 Education shall submit a report to Congress that in10 cludes— 

11 (1) the data collected under this section (re12 dacted for personal information); 

13 (2) with respect to students employed in work14 study through the Federal work-study program— 

15 (A) the types of jobs such students partici16 pated in; 

17 (B) the average hours worked per week; 

18 (C) the average award amount; 

19 (D) the average wage rates; 

20 (E) the extent to which students enter em21 ployment with skills and knowledge gained from 

22 work-study participation that have prepared 

23 them for the job; and 

24 (F) the students’ satisfaction with the pro25 gram and primary complaints; 


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1 (3) the extent to which institutions conduct out2 reach to employers and engage them in discussions 

3 on improving academic programs; 

4 (4) the extent to which institutions conduct out5 reach to students and make jobs readily available; 

6 (5) the extent to which the work-study employ7 ment aligns with students’ academic programs or ca8 reer goals; 

9 (6) the employers’ satisfaction with the pro10 gram and primary complaints; and 

11 (7) recommendations for improving the pro12 gram. 

13 (d) CONSULTATION.—In consulting with the entities 

14 described in subsection (a) to create the electronic surveys 

15 required under such subsection, the Secretary of Edu16 cation shall engage with— 

17 (1) a representative sample of institutions of 

18 higher education participating in the Federal work19 study program; 

20 (2) a representative sample of employers par21 ticipating in the Federal work-study program; and 

22 (3) a representative sample of students partici23 pating in the Federal work-study program. 

24 (e) TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE.—The Secretary of 

25 Education shall— 


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1 (1) provide technical assistance to institutions 

2 participating under the Federal work-study program 

3 under Part C of title IV of the Higher Education 

4 Act (42 U.S.C. 1087–51 et seq.) to— 

5 (A) comply with the amendments made by 

6 this Act and the regulations issued pursuant to 

7 this Act; 

8 (B) administer the surveys described in 

9 subsection (a) to students and employers par10 ticipating in the Federal work-study program; 

11 (C) ensure that Federal work-study posi12 tions align with students’ educational goals or 

13 career goals to the maximum extent practicable; 

14 and 

15 (D) satisfy the requirements under section 

16 443(b)(7) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 

17 (20 U.S.C. 1087–53(b)(7)); and 

18 (2) issue guidance and provide technical assist19 ance to institutions to support improved partner20 ships and coordination among financial aid, career 

21 services, and academic advisors to administer the 

22 Federal work-study program. 

23 (f) RESPONSE RATE.—In the case of an institution 

24 participating under the Federal work-study program 

25 under Part C of title IV of the Higher Education Act (42 


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1 U.S.C. 1087–51 et seq.) with a response rate for students 

2 and employers with respect to the surveys described in 

3 subsection (a)(1) of less than 75 percent, the Secretary 

4 of Education shall require such institution— 

5 (1) to submit to the Secretary an improvement 

6 plan to increase such response rate; and 

7 (2) if the response rate has not improved 2 

8 years after the date on which an improvement plan 

9 was submitted under paragraph (1), submit to the 

10 Secretary a revised improvement plan. 

11 (g) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There is 

12 authorized to be appropriated $2,000,000 to carry out this 

13 subsection (a). 

14 SEC. 10. STUDY AND REPORT. 

15 (a) STUDY.—Not later than 180 days after the date 

16 of the enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General of 

17 the United States shall conduct a study on best practices 

18 for assisting students participating in the Federal work19 study program under Part C of title IV of the Higher 

20 Education Act (42 U.S.C. 1087–51 et seq.) with— 

21 (1) connecting to off-campus employers; 

22 (2) procuring work-based learning opportunities 

23 through such program; 

24 (3) procuring employment that aligns with stu25 dents’ educational goals or career goals; 


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1 (4) locating employment through job location 

2 and development programs; 

3 (5) procuring employment in high-demand occu4 pations; 

5 (6) balancing employment with academic pro6 grams to improve graduation and completion rates; 

7 and 

8 (7) with respect to students with exceptional 

9 need (as defined in section 413C(c)(2) of the Higher 

10 Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1070b– 

11 2(c)(2)))— 

12 (A) locating and coordinating work-study 

13 employment during qualified periods of non14 enrollment; 

15 (B) increasing participation of such stu16 dents in such work-study program; and 

17 (C) limiting the need for additional em18 ployment outside the work-study program. 

19 (b) REPORT.—Not later than one year after the date 

20 on which the study required under subsection (a) is com21 pleted, the Comptroller General of the United States shall 

22 submit to Congress a report summarizing the findings of 

23 such study. 

24 (c) PUBLISH REPORT.—The Comptroller General of 

25 the United States shall make the report required under 


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1 subsection (b) available to the public on the website of the 

2 Government Accountability Office. 

Æ 


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