TN-21374 Loudoun County, Virginia Fire Department – Status Investigation Report 1

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PPE CASE

Personal Protective Equipment Conformity Assessment Studies and Evaluations

Evaluation of Two Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus Involved in 

a Near Miss in the Fire Service

Loudoun County Fire Department Request for 

two Scott® Safety Air-Pak® Model AP50 4.5 

units

The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) 

conducts a Fire Fighter Fatality Investigation and Prevention Program, 

which is executed by its Division of Safety Research. In support of this 

Program, NIOSH’s National Personal Protective Technology 

Laboratory (NPPTL) inspects and evaluates the personal protective 

equipment (PPE) that was being used by the fire fighter during a near 

miss event. 

This report provides a summary of NPPTL’s inspection and 

evaluation methods and findings for the two SCBAs that were being 

used by the Loudoun County Fire Department fire fighters during a 

near miss event. The SCBAs being used were the Scott® Safety AirPak® Model AP50 4.5, 45 minute, 4500 psi unit. The Loudoun County 

Fire Department was advised that NIOSH NPPTL would provide a 

written report of the investigation and any applicable test results.

What NIOSH Did to Protect the Worker

Upon receipt of the SCBAs, NPPTL managed the custody of evidence throughout the entire inspection and 

evaluation process at its Morgantown, West Virginia facility. NPPTL inspected all SCBA components and 

documented their findings with written and photographic evidence. NPPTL also tested the SCBAs to determine 

conformance to NPPTL’s approval requirements as outlined in Title 42, Code of Federal Regulations, Part 84 (42 

CFR 84). Further testing was conducted to provide an indication of the conformance of each SCBA to the 

National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) Air Flow Performance requirements of NFPA 1981, Standard on 

Open-Circuit Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus for the Fire Service, 1997 Edition. If the inspection or 

evaluation data suggested that the SCBA units may have contributed to the near miss, NPPTL would have 

NIOSH evaluated two SCBAs 

used by two fire fighters 

involved in a near miss. The 

SCBAs were not found to 

contribute to the near miss. 

A qualified service 

technician must inspect, 

repair, test, clean, and 

replace damaged 

components of any SCBA 

involved in an incident 

before it may be returned to 

service.
 TN-21374 Loudoun County, Virginia Fire Department – Status Investigation Report 2

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engaged in corrective action to ensure that no other users of the product would experience a near miss. In this 

case, no such corrective action was necessary. NPPTL then managed the disposition of the SCBAs.

Chain of Custody

The SCBA units were hand delivered, by two personnel from the Loudoun County Fire Department, to Lab 

H1513 in the NIOSH facility in Morgantown, West Virginia on February 8, 2017. 

On February 8, 2017, NPPTL employees Jay Tarley and Angie Andrews inspected the SCBA units. The SCBA 

units remained in Lab H1513 throughout the entire inspection and testing process. 

The SCBAs were identified as the Loudoun County Fire Department SCBAs and were visually examined,

component by component, in the condition received to determine the conformance of the units to the NIOSHapproved configuration. The units were both identified as the Scott® Safety Air-Pak® Model AP50 4.5, 45 

minute, 4500 psi unit, NIOSH Approval Number TC-13F-212CBRN. 
 TN-21374 Loudoun County, Virginia Fire Department – Status Investigation Report 3

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SCBA Inspection

The inspection process was initiated by Jay Tarley and Angie Andrews once the SCBA units were hand 

delivered to Lab H1513 by two personnel from the Loudoun County Fire Department. The SCBAs were

identified as the Loudoun County Fire Department SCBAs and were visually examined, component by

component, in the condition received to determine the conformance of the units to the NIOSH-approved

configuration. The units were both identified as the Scott® Safety Air-Pak® Model AP50 4.5, 45 minute, 4500 

psi unit, NIOSH Approval Number TC-13F-212CBRN. 

As Received (pictured below) SCBA unit 60105

 SCBA unit 60105 was hand delivered in a SCBA bag to Lab H1513 by two personnel from the Loudoun 

County Fire Department. 

 Cylinder was received full and closed.

 Bypass was closed.

 Donning switch was off with regulator inactive.

 Mask-mounted regulator (MMR) was connected to facepiece.

SCBA unit 60105 facepiece, and cylinder as received.
 TN-21374 Loudoun County, Virginia Fire Department – Status Investigation Report 4

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Components and Observations for SCBA Unit 60105 (Figure 1) (“Right” or “left” are from the user’s 

perspective) (see Figures in Appendix)

Facepiece (Figures 2 - 5)

 Facepiece rim assembly 3100281; M/N: AV3000 

 Facepiece seal P/N: 3100178; MFG date: 03/2014

 Nosecup P/N: 210026; MFG date: 1st Q 2016 

 Lens P/N: 805337; MFG date: 3/14 

 Other markings: scribed on facepiece retaining rim 10888

 Overall condition: very good, but very dirty.

 Lot number label present, but unreadable.

 Lens good, but dirty, couldn’t see through it. 

 Hairnet good, but dirty. 

 Hairnet straps good, straps moved freely held in place and 

held securely to facepiece.

 Attachment points for straps good.

 The facepiece skirt in excellent condition.

 Regulator interface area good, no debris

Mask Mounted Regulator (MMR) (Figures 6 - 8)

 AirPak® Plus E-Z FloTM regulator with Vibralert and with 

Heads-Up Display (HUD)

 Regulator assembly P/N: 10002940 

 Side of rim: 60105; On top sticker: 60105

 Inside flange#: 11550636002969AB; 60105

 Overall condition, was fair with no sign of heat damage.

 Outer case was good and front label was also good, but dirty 

condition.

 Donning switch was in good condition. 

 Quick Disconnect was present and attached.

 Bypass closed, bypass knob in good shape.

 Inside flange was dirty with signs of fraying or wear around 

the edges, had minimal scratches, dirty.

 Sealing area mostly dirty with signs of fraying around the 

edge, had minimal scratches.

 Regulator could be attached and removed.

 Locking assembly functioned.

Low Pressure Regulator Hose (Figures 9 - 11)

 Overall condition was good. 

 Attached from pack at Quick Disconnect

 Quick Disconnect in good condition and functioned. 

 Line runs through the shoulder strap to the reducer.

Pressure Reducer Assembly (Figures 12 and 13)

 P/N: 802220-03; Scott P/N: 1000137; Loudoun County 

barcode: 10002941

 S/N: 040400306; MFG Date: Not found

 Loudoun County flow test sticker: 1/2017

 Overall condition was good, but dirty.

 All airline connections were secure with no sign of heat 

damage.

High Pressure Hose and Cylinder Attachment (Figures 14 - 16)

 Cylinder Attachment P/N: 802228-151014

 Cylinder attachment threads dirty, threads on and off, and 

“O” ring in place. 

 RIC UAC markings: Parker RGX-N-05; 16WX.

 Overall condition was good, but dirty.

 RIC UAC cover in good condition, connection dirty.

Auxiliary Hose

 N/A

Console Assembly PASS (Figures 17 and 18)

 Barcode: not visible; US Patent#: 50,097,826

 P/N: not visible.

 Overall condition was good.

 Lines in good shape—pressure/electrical.

 Gauge lens was good and readable.

 Protective casing was good. 

 No rubber attachment strap present.

 SEI label was present.

PASS Control Module with PAK-Alert (Figures 19 and 20)

 Scott P/N: 200451-02-12

 Scott S/N: 115S1033003394SR; MFG date: 8/17/2010

 Overall condition was good.

 Held securely to backframe.

 Wire connection connected to PASS.

 Wire held secure to backframe and connected to console 

assembly. 

Backframe Assembly (Figures 21 - 23)

 P/N: 804415-01

 SEI label was readable; SCBA was upgraded to NFPA 1981 

2007 edition

 NIOSH Approval Number label: TC-13F-212CBRN.

 Other identifying markings: Yellow sticker: PT E601-R; Orange 

sticker: 60105

 Overall good condition, no bends/cracks in wire frame, or 

plate.

 Shoulder straps were attached to the frame.

 Cylinder strap latch was in fair condition and functional.
 TN-21374 Loudoun County, Virginia Fire Department – Status Investigation Report 5

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Straps and Buckles (Figure 24)

 Overall strap condition was in good condition. 

 All adjustable buckles moved and held in place.

 Hose lines and wires passed through shoulder straps.

 Waist area buckle latched and released.

 Lumbar strap was in good condition. 

 Both shoulder straps attached at the top of the backframe. 

Compressed Air Cylinder and Cylinder Valve Assembly (Figures 25 - 28)

 Scott Safety P/N: 917145, Lot # 2823757

 DOT-SP-10915-4500; TC-SU-5134-310 

 Scott P/N: 805588BC0318; IL 361365

 Luxfer P/N: L65G-146; UN 1002; REE 118

 Hydrostatic date: 5/14; 45 Minute, 4500 PSI

 Yellow sticker with next hydro due date: 5/2019

 Marking on stem: 804722-BC0318

 Overall condition was good. 

 Gauge was readable. 

 Threads were clean.

 As received cylinder valve was closed and cylinder full.

 Rubber bumper at base of cylinder valve was in good condition. 
 TN-21374 Loudoun County, Virginia Fire Department – Status Investigation Report 6

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 As Received (pictured below) SCBA unit 60129

 SCBA unit 60129 was hand delivered to Lab H1513 by Loudoun County Fire Department. 

 Cylinder received full and closed.

 Bypass was closed.

 Donning switch off, regulator inactive.

 Mask-mounted regulator (MMR) connected to facepiece.

 

SCBA unit 60129 facepiece and cylinder as received.
 TN-21374 Loudoun County, Virginia Fire Department – Status Investigation Report 7

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Components and Observations for SCBA Unit 60129 (Figure 29) (“Right” or “left” are from the user’s 

perspective) (see Figures in Appendix)

Facepiece (Figures 30 and 31)

 Facepiece bezel# 31002809; M/N: AV-3000HT; MFG date: 

4/2014

 Facepiece seal P/N: 310017392; Lot# 050714; MFG date: 

04/2014

 Nosecup P/N: 2011271; Size: Medium; MFG date: 1st Q 2016 

 Other markings: scribed on facepiece retaining rim 10321

 Lens P/N: 805337; Lens retaining piece date: 1/2014

 Overall condition good, but very dirty

 Lens was good, but dirty, can’t see through it. 

 Hairnet was good, but dirty. 

 Hairnet straps good, straps moved freely held in place, held 

securely to facepiece.

 Attachment points for straps were good.

 The facepiece seal was in good condition.

 Regulator interface area was good, no debris

Mask Mounted Regulator (MMR) (Figures 32 - 34)

 AirPak® Plus E-Z FloTM regulator with Vibralert and with 

Heads-Up Display (HUD)

 Regulator assembly P/N: 20007-02; S/N: 0505005179 AB

 Loudoun County Sticker 10002162 

 Sticker in front 60129

 Side of rim: 60129 E-Z Flo

 U.S. Patent #: N/A 

 Inside flange#: 0505005179AB; 60129

 Overall condition fair with no sign of heat damage.

 Outer case good and front label was also in good, but dirty 

condition.

 Donning switch is in good condition. 

 Quick Disconnect present and attached.

 Bypass closed, bypass knob in good shape.

 Inside flange is dirty with signs of fraying or wear around the 

edges, had minimal scratches, dirty.

 Sealing area mostly dirty with signs of fraying around the 

edge, had minimal scratches.

 Regulator could be attached and removed.

 Locking assembly functioned.

 HUD has tear in it

Low Pressure Regulator Hose (Figures 35 and 36)

 P/N: non visible

 Overall condition was good. 

 Attached from pack at Quick Disconnect.

 Quick Disconnect in good condition and functioned. 

 Line runs through the shoulder strap to the reducer.

Pressure Reducer Assembly (Figures 37 - 39)

 P/N: 802220-03; Scott P/N: 1001057; 

 S/N N070211; Loudoun County barcode: 10002986

 S/N: 0404003050AB; MFG Date: Not found

 Loudoun County flow test sticker: 2/2016

 Overall condition was good, but dirty.

 All airline connections were secure with no sign of heat 

damage.

 P/N etched inside pressure reducer.

High Pressure Hose and Cylinder Attachment (Figures 40 - 43)

 Cylinder Attachment P/N: 802228-05

 Overall condition was good, but dirty.

 Cylinder attachments threads dirty, threads on and off, “O” 

ring in place

 RIC/UAC system connector markings: Eaton FD17-1002-10-

04

 RIC/UAC system connector cover in good condition, 

connection dirty.

Auxiliary Hose

 N/A

PASS Console Assembly (Figures 44 and 45)

 Barcode: not visible; US Patent#: 5,097,826; P/N: not found

 Overall condition good.

 Lines in good shape—pressure/electrical.

 Gauge lens good and readable.

 Protective casing good. 

 Rubber attachment strap present.

 SEI label present.

PASS Control Module with PAK-Alert (Figures 46 and 47)

 Scott P/N: 200451-02-12

 Scott S/N: 115S1028001903SR

 Manufacture date: 07/13/2010

 Overall condition is good.

 Held securely to backframe.

 Wire connection connected to PASS device.

 Wire held secure to backframe and ran to console assembly. 
 TN-21374 Loudoun County, Virginia Fire Department – Status Investigation Report 8

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Backframe Assembly (Figures 48 and 49)

 P/N: 804415-01

 SEI label readable; NFPA 1981 2007 edition upgrade from 

2002

 NIOSH Approval Number TC-13F-212CBRN

 Yellow sticker: PT T601-O; Orange sticker: 60129

 Other marking: etched in metal SP-20#4

 Overall condition good, no bends/cracks in wire frame, or 

plate.

 Shoulder straps were attached to the frame.

 Cylinder strap latch fair condition and functional.

Straps and Buckles (Figure 50)

 Overall strap condition good. 

 Dye-sublimation on both shoulder straps; front and side 

waist straps. 

 Both shoulder straps attached at the top of the backframe. 

 Hose lines and wires passed through shoulder straps.

 All adjustable buckles moved and held in place.

 Waist area buckle latched and released.

 Lumbar strap in good condition; fraying and dyesublimation.

Compressed Air Cylinder and Cylinder Valve Assembly 

(Figures 51 - 54)

 Scott P/N 10009673, LOT # 2823757

 DOT-SP-10915-4500; IL 408920

 TC-SU-5134-310 

 Scott P/N: 805588BC0318

 Luxfer P/N: L65G-2; REE 118: UN 1002

 Hydro date: 10/2016 45 Minute, 4500 PSI

 Yellow sticker with next hydro due date: 10/2021

 Overall condition good. 

 Gauge readable. 

 Threads clean.

 As received cylinder valve closed and cylinder full.

 Rubber bumper at base of cylinder valve was in good 

condition. 
 

 TN-21374 Loudoun County, Virginia Fire Department – Status Investigation Report 9

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SCBA Testing

The SCBA unit was tested using the six NIOSH test methods and one NFPA test method as described in Table 1.

Table 1. Summary of results from testing SCBA unit #60105 against established tests.

NIOSH Tests Description of Results PASS/

FAIL 

Positive Pressure Test -NIOSH Test Procedure No. 120 42 CFR Part 84 Reference: Subpart H, § 

84.70 (a)(2)(ii)

Requirement: 

The pressure inside the facepiece in relation to the immediate environment is positive

during both inhalation and exhalation.

Procedure: 

A breathing machine with a 622 kg.-m./min. cam operating at 24 RPM with a 40-liter per minute 

flow rate (115 liters per minute peak flow) is connected to an anthropometric head for cycling. A 

pressure tap in the head is connected to a transducer which in turn is connected to a strip chart 

recorder for determining the pressure in the facepiece.

The unit met the test requirement. The 

inhalation breathing resistance did not 

become negative during the test. 

*The PASS unit did function, the digital remote 

did function and there was a HUD. 

*The corresponding cylinder was used 

Inhalation Breathing Resistance: (inches of 

water column) = 0.075

PASS 

Rated Service Time Test- NIOSH Test Procedure No. 121 42 CFR Part 84 Reference: Subpart F, § 

84.53 (a) and Subpart H, § 84.95 (a) and (b)

Requirement: 

Service time will be measured while the apparatus is operated by a breathing machine as 

described in § 84.88. The open-circuit apparatus will be classified according to the length of time 

it supplies air or oxygen to the breathing machine. Classifications are listed in

§ 84.53.

Procedure: 

A breathing machine with a 622 kg.-m./min. cam operating at 24 RPM with a 40 liters per minute 

flow rate is connected to an anthropometric head for cycling. A pressure tap in the head is 

connected to a transducer which in turn is connected to a strip chart recorder for determining the 

pressure in the facepiece. The breathing machine is run until the inhalation portion of the 

breathing curve falls below the minimum requirement.

The SCBA met the test requirement. The 

measured service time (adjusted to 

correspond with the recorded breathing 

cycles) was more than the rated service time 

of 45 minutes. The PASS unit did function 

during the test. The SCBA did not go negative 

on inhalation; therefore, maintained positive 

pressure in the facepiece. The measured 

service time (adjusted to correspond with the 

recorded breathing cycles) was more than the 

rated service time of 45 minutes. The PASS did 

function.

Measured Service Time: 

50 Minutes 58 Seconds

PASS 
 

 TN-21374 Loudoun County, Virginia Fire Department – Status Investigation Report 10

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Static Pressure Test- NIOSH Test Procedure No. 122 42 CFR Part 84 Reference: Subpart H, § 

84.91 (d)

Requirement:

The static pressure (at zero flow) in the facepiece shall not exceed 38 mm. (1.5 inches) watercolumn height.

Procedure: 

The facepiece is fitted to an anthropometric head for testing. A pressure tap in the head is 

connected to a calibrated manometer. Full cylinder pressure is applied to the unit at zero flow 

and a reading from the manometer is recorded.

The SCBA met the test requirement. Cylinder 

61029 was used for this test. 

Facepiece Static Pressure:(inches of water

column)= 0.70

PASS 

Gas Flow Test- NIOSH Test Procedure No. 123 42 CFR Part 84 Reference: Subpart H, § 84.93 (b) 

and (c)

Requirement: 

The flow from the apparatus shall be greater than 200 liters per minute when the pressure in the 

facepiece of demand apparatus is lowered by 51 mm. (2 inches) water column height when full 

container pressure is applied. Where pressure demand apparatus are tested, the flow will be 

measured at zero gage pressure in the facepiece.

Procedure: 

A pressure tap in the anthropometric head is connected to a manometer for determining when 

the pressure inside the facepiece is at zero. A mass flow meter is connected in line between the 

anthropometric head and an adjustable vacuum source to measure flow. The SCBA cylinder is 

replaced by a test stand which is adjusted initially to full cylinder pressure. The vacuum source is 

adjusted during the test to maintain the desired pressure inside the facepiece. Once the proper 

facepiece pressure has stabilized, a flow reading is recorded. The procedure is then repeated 

with the test stand adjusted to 500 psig.

The SCBA met the test requirement. 

Applied Pressure Air Flow (liters per min.)

4500 psig 438.9

500 psig 543.7

PASS 

PASS

Exhalation Resistance Test- NIOSH Test Procedure No. 122 42 CFR Part 84 Reference: Subpart 

H, § 84.91 (c)

Requirement: 

The exhalation resistance of pressure-demand apparatus shall not exceed the static pressure in 

the facepiece by more than 51 mm. (2 inches) water-column height.

Procedure: 

The facepiece is mounted on an anthropometric head form. A probe in the head form is 

connected to a slant manometer for measuring exhalation breathing resistance. The air flow 

through the apparatus is adjusted to a rate of 85 liters per minute and the exhalation resistance is 

recorded.

The SCBA met the test requirement. 

*Cylinder 60129 was used for this test.

Exhalation Breathing Resistance: (inches of 

water column)= 1.9

Static Pressure: (inches of water

column)= 0.70

Difference: (inches of water column)= 1.2

PASS 
 

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Remaining Service Life Indicator Test- NIOSH Test Procedure No. 124 42 CFR Part 84 Reference: 

Subpart H, § 84.83 (f) and Subpart G, § 84.63 (c)

Requirement: 

Each remaining service life indicator or warning device shall give an alarm when the remaining 

service life of the apparatus is reduced within a range of 20 to 25 percent of its rated service time 

or pressure.

This requirement is modified under § 84.63(c) as follows: For apparatus which do not have a 

method of manually turning off remote gage in the event of a gage or gage line failure the 

remaining service life indicator is required to be set at 25% ± 2% of the rated service time or 

pressure.

Procedure: 

A calibrated gauge is connected in line between the air supply and the first-stage regulator. The 

unit is then allowed to gradually bleed down. When the low-air alarm is activated, the pressure 

on the gauge is recorded. This procedure is repeated six times. The average of the six readings is 

calculated and recorded.

As these SCBA models do not have a remote 

gauge shutoff, the test requirement is 25% ± 

2%.

Electric Vibralert

Run # Alarm Point (psi) Alarm Point (psi)

1 1125 1060

2 1125 1050

3 1125 1050

4 1125 1050

5 1125 1050

6 1125 1050

Average 1125 1051.67

PASS

PASS

National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) Test (in accordance with NFPA 1981, 1997 Edition):

NFPA Test Description of Results PASS/

FAIL 

NFPA Air Flow Performance Test—NFPA 1981 (1997 Edition) Reference: Chapter 5, Performance 

Requirements, Sec. 5-1.1

Requirement: 

SCBA shall be tested for air flow performance as specified in Section 6-1, Air Flow Performance 

Test, and the SCBA facepiece pressure shall not be less than 0.0 in. (0.0 mm) water column and nor 

greater than 31⁄2 in. (89 mm) water column above ambient pressure from the time the test begins 

until the time the test is concluded.

Procedure: 

The required equipment specified in the NFPA standards were used to conduct the tests on this 

unit. A pressure tap in the head is connected to a transducer which in turn is connected to a 

flatbed chart recorder for determining the pressure in the facepiece.

The SCBA passed this test. PASS unit was 

functional, HUD was functional and Alarm 

systems were functional.

*Cylinder 60129 was used for this test.

Maximum Facepiece Pressure: (inches of 

water column)= 2.375

Minimum Facepiece Pressure: (inches of 

water column)= 0.40 

PASS

PASS
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Data Logger Information for SCBA unit 60105 tested and evaluated.

Time

Date

Off To 

SensingSensing 

To Off

PreAlarm 

To Alarm

Manual 

AlarmAlarm 

Reset

Low 

Battery

Sensing 

To 

PreAlarm

Clock Reset 

Pending

Clock 

Reset

Power On 

Reset

16:23:06 1/10/2017 - X - - - - - - - -

16:22:22 1/10/2017 - - - - - - X - - -

16:21:56 1/10/2017 - - - - - - X - - -

16:21:14 1/10/2017 - - - - - - X - - -

16:20:26 1/10/2017 - - - - - - X - - -

16:18:54 1/10/2017 X - - - - - - - - -

16:16:12 1/10/2017 - X - - - - - - - -

16:15:54 1/10/2017 - - - - - - X - - -

15:52:58 1/10/2017 X - - - - - - - - -

7:32:38 1/10/2017 - X - - - - - - - -

7:32:36 1/10/2017 - - - - X - - - - -

7:32:34 1/10/2017 - - - X - - - - - -

7:32:34 1/10/2017 - - - - X - - - - -

7:32:32 1/10/2017 - - X - - - - - - -

7:32:20 1/10/2017 - - - - - - X - - -

7:31:50 1/10/2017 X - - - - - - - - -

16:17:48 1/9/2017 - X - - - - - - - -

16:17:36 1/9/2017 - - - - - - X - - -

16:17:16 1/9/2017 - - - - X - - - - -

16:17:12 1/9/2017 - - - X - - - - - -

16:17:10 1/9/2017 - - - - X - - - - -

16:17:06 1/9/2017 - - X - - - - - - -

16:16:54 1/9/2017 - - - - - - X - - -

16:16:18 1/9/2017 X - - - - - - - - -
 TN-21374 Loudoun County, Virginia Fire Department – Status Investigation Report 13

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SCBA Testing

The SCBA unit was tested using the six NIOSH test methods and one NFPA test method as described in Table 2.

Table 2. Summary of results from testing SCBA unit #60129 against established tests.

NIOSH Tests Description of Results PASS/

FAIL 

Positive Pressure Test -NIOSH Test Procedure No. 120 42 CFR Part 84 Reference: Subpart H, § 

84.70 (a)(2)(ii)

Requirement: 

The pressure inside the facepiece in relation to the immediate environment is positive

during both inhalation and exhalation.

Procedure: 

A breathing machine with a 622 kg.-m./min. cam operating at 24 RPM with a 40-liter per minute 

flow rate (115 liters per minute peak flow) is connected to an anthropometric head for cycling. A 

pressure tap in the head is connected to a transducer which in turn is connected to a strip chart 

recorder for determining the pressure in the facepiece.

The unit first failed at 1800 psi 691 cycles 

28.13 and -0.02 INWC. 

*-0.25 is the lowest failed pressure during 

rated time. 

PASS and HUD were both functional.

Inhalation Breathing Resistance: (inches of 

water column) = -0.25

FAIL

Rated Service Time Test- NIOSH Test Procedure No. 121 42 CFR Part 84 Reference: Subpart F, § 

84.53 (a) and Subpart H, § 84.95 (a) and (b)

Requirement: 

Service time will be measured while the apparatus is operated by a breathing machine as 

described in § 84.88. The open-circuit apparatus will be classified according to the length of time 

it supplies air or oxygen to the breathing machine. Classifications are listed in

§ 84.53.

Procedure: 

A breathing machine with a 622 kg.-m./min. cam operating at 24 RPM with a 40 liters per minute 

flow rate is connected to an anthropometric head for cycling. A pressure tap in the head is 

connected to a transducer which in turn is connected to a strip chart recorder for determining the 

pressure in the facepiece. The breathing machine is run until the inhalation portion of the 

breathing curve falls below the minimum requirement.

The SCBA met the test requirement. The 

measured service time (adjusted to 

correspond with the recorded breathing 

cycles) was more than the rated service time 

of 45 minutes. The PASS unit did function 

during the test. The SCBA did not go negative 

on inhalation; therefore, maintained positive 

pressure in the facepiece. The measured 

service time (adjusted to correspond with the 

recorded breathing cycles) was more than the

rated service time of 45 minutes. PASS did 

function. 

Measured Service Time: 

51 Minutes 59 Seconds

PASS 
 TN-21374 Loudoun County, Virginia Fire Department – Status Investigation Report 14

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Static Pressure Test- NIOSH Test Procedure No. 122 42 CFR Part 84 Reference: Subpart H, § 

84.91 (d)

Requirement:

The static pressure (at zero flow) in the facepiece shall not exceed 38 mm. (1.5 inches) watercolumn height.

Procedure: 

The facepiece is fitted to an anthropometric head for testing. A pressure tap in the head is 

connected to a calibrated manometer. Full cylinder pressure is applied to the unit at zero flow 

and a reading from the manometer is recorded.

The SCBA met the test requirement. Cylinder 

#60105 was used for this test. 

Facepiece Static Pressure:(inches of water

column)= 0.92

PASS 

Gas Flow Test- NIOSH Test Procedure No. 123 42 CFR Part 84 Reference: Subpart H, § 84.93 (b) 

and (c)

Requirement: 

The flow from the apparatus shall be greater than 200 liters per minute when the pressure in the 

facepiece of demand apparatus is lowered by 51 mm. (2 inches) water column height when full 

container pressure is applied. Where pressure demand apparatus are tested, the flow will be 

measured at zero gage pressure in the facepiece.

Procedure: 

A pressure tap in the anthropometric head is connected to a manometer for determining when 

the pressure inside the facepiece is at zero. A mass flow meter is connected in line between the 

anthropometric head and an adjustable vacuum source to measure flow. The SCBA cylinder is 

replaced by a test stand which is adjusted initially to full cylinder pressure. The vacuum source is 

adjusted during the test to maintain the desired pressure inside the facepiece. Once the proper 

facepiece pressure has stabilized, a flow reading is recorded. The procedure is then repeated 

with the test stand adjusted to 500 psig.

The SCBA met the test requirement. 

Applied Pressure Air Flow (liters per min.)

4500 psig 458.74

500 psig 656.95

PASS 

PASS

Exhalation Resistance Test- NIOSH Test Procedure No. 122 42 CFR Part 84 Reference: Subpart 

H, § 84.91 (c)

Requirement: 

The exhalation resistance of pressure-demand apparatus shall not exceed the static pressure in 

the facepiece by more than 51 mm. (2 inches) water-column height.

Procedure: 

The facepiece is mounted on an anthropometric head form. A probe in the head form is 

connected to a slant manometer for measuring exhalation breathing resistance. The air flow 

through the apparatus is adjusted to a rate of 85 liters per minute and the exhalation resistance is 

recorded.

The SCBA met the test requirement. 

*Cylinder #60105 was used for this test.

Exhalation Breathing Resistance: (inches of 

water column)= 2.1

Static Pressure: (inches of water

column)= 0.92

Difference: (inches of water column)= 1.18

PASS 
 TN-21374 Loudoun County, Virginia Fire Department – Status Investigation Report 15

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Remaining Service Life Indicator Test- NIOSH Test Procedure No. 124 42 CFR Part 84 Reference: 

Subpart H, § 84.83 (f) and Subpart G, § 84.63 (c)

Requirement: 

Each remaining service life indicator or warning device shall give an alarm when the remaining 

service life of the apparatus is reduced within a range of 20 to 25 percent of its rated service time 

or pressure.

This requirement is modified under § 84.63(c) as follows: For apparatus which do not have a 

method of manually turning off remote gage in the event of a gage or gage line failure the 

remaining service life indicator is required to be set at 25% ± 2% of the rated service time or 

pressure.

Procedure: 

A calibrated gauge is connected in line between the air supply and the first-stage regulator. The 

unit is then allowed to gradually bleed down. When the low-air alarm is activated, the pressure 

on the gauge is recorded. This procedure is repeated six times. The average of the six readings is 

calculated and recorded.

As these SCBA models do not have a remote 

gauge shutoff, the test requirement is 25% ± 

2%.

Electric Vibralert

Run # Alarm Point (psi) Alarm Point (psi)

1 1125 1060

2 1125 1070

3 1125 1070

4 1125 1070

5 1125 1070

6 1120 1060

 Average 1124.17 1066.67

PASS

PASS

National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) Test (in accordance with NFPA 1981, 1997 Edition):

NFPA Test Description of Results PASS/

FAIL 

NFPA Air Flow Performance Test—NFPA 1981 (1997 Edition) Reference: Chapter 5, Performance 

Requirements, Sec. 5-1.1

Requirement: 

SCBA shall be tested for air flow performance as specified in Section 6-1, Air Flow Performance 

Test, and the SCBA facepiece pressure shall not be less than 0.0 in. (0.0 mm) water column and nor 

greater than 31⁄2 in. (89 mm) water column above ambient pressure from the time the test begins 

until the time the test is concluded.

Procedure: 

The required equipment specified in the NFPA standards were used to conduct the tests on this 

unit. A pressure tap in the head is connected to a transducer which in turn is connected to a 

flatbed chart recorder for determining the pressure in the facepiece.

The SCBA passed this test. PASS, HUD, and 

Alarm systems were functional.

*Cylinder #60105 was used for this test.

Maximum Facepiece Pressure: (inches of 

water column)= 2.7

Minimum Facepiece Pressure: (inches of 

water column)= 0.15

PASS

PASS
 TN-21374 Loudoun County, Virginia Fire Department – Status Investigation Report 16

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Time

Date

Off To 

SensingSensing 

To Off

PreAlarm 

To Alarm

Manual 

AlarmAlarm 

Reset

Low 

Battery

Sensing 

To 

PreAlarm

Clock Reset 

Pending

Clock 

Reset

Power On 

Reset

12:37:36 1/30/2017 - - - - - - - - X -

12:37:06 1/30/2017 - - - - - - - X - -

14:25:38 1/17/2017 - - - - - - - - X -

14:08:46 1/17/2017 - - - - - - - X - -

17:27:24 1/10/2017 - X - - - - - - - -

17:26:52 1/10/2017 - - - - - - X - - -

17:11:48 1/10/2017 X - - - - - - - - -

6:06:12 1/9/2017 - X - - - - - - - -

6:05:48 1/9/2017 - - - - X - - - - -

6:05:44 1/9/2017 - - - X - - - - - -

6:05:42 1/9/2017 - - - - X - - - - -

6:05:42 1/9/2017 - - X - - - - - - -

6:05:30 1/9/2017 - - - - - - X - - -

6:05:08 1/9/2017 X - - - - - - - - -

5:40:28 1/8/2017 - X - - - - - - - -

5:40:28 1/8/2017 - - - - X - - - - -

5:40:24 1/8/2017 - - - X - - - - - -

5:40:24 1/8/2017 - - - - X - - - - -

5:40:22 1/8/2017 - - X - - - - - - -

5:40:10 1/8/2017 - - - - - - X - - -

5:39:32 1/8/2017 X - - - - - - - - -

Data Logger Information for SCBA unit #60129 tested and evaluated.
 

 TN-21374 Loudoun County, Virginia Fire Department – Status Investigation Report 17

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Disposition of SCBA

Following testing on February 8, 2017, both SCBA units were returned to the SCBA bags the two personnel from 

Loudoun County Fire Department transported the SCBA units in. 

Synopsis of Findings

The SCBA units inspected and evaluated by NPPTL were both the Scott® Safety Air-Pak® Model AP50 4.5, 45 

minute, 4500 psi unit, NIOSH Approval Number TC-13F-212CBRN. A corresponding facepiece was provided for 

both units. The units did not show any signs of heat damage, but exhibited signs of normal wear and tear. 

Both cylinders were hand delivered closed and gauges reading full. The mask-mounted regulator was 

connected to the facepiece. The units were in good overall condition. The NFPA approval label were present

and readable. Both units’ PASS, HUD, and alarm systems functioned.

The SCBA unit 60105 met the requirements of the NIOSH Positive Pressure Test, as the unit did maintain a

positive pressure for the 45 minute minimum duration of the unit. The unit passed all of the other NIOSH 

tests. The SCBA unit 60129 did not meet the requirements of all six NIOSH SCBA certification tests. The unit 

failed the NIOSH Positive Pressure test (Standard Test Procedure Number 120, 42 CFR Part 84 Reference: 

Subpart H, 84.70 (a)(2)(ii)). The unit passed the NFPA “Airflow Performance” test. The fire department had 

two of their SCBA maintenance technicians present during the testing and were aware of the failure and were 

confident of it being a maintenance issue.

In light of the information obtained during this investigation, NIOSH NPPTL has proposed no further action on 

its part at this time. The SCBA units were returned to the SCBA bags to be transported back to the Loudoun 

County Fire Department by the two personnel who hand delivered them to the NIOSH facility.

CASE Conclusion

No evidence was identified to suggest that the SCBA units inspected and evaluated contributed to the near 

miss. NIOSH determined that there was no need for corrective action with regards to the approval holder or 

users of SCBAs manufactured under the approval number granted to this product.
 TN-21374 Loudoun County, Virginia Fire Department – Status Investigation Report 18

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Actions to be Taken by the Fire Departments With SCBAs Involved 

in an Incident

 Any SCBA unit involved in an incident may not be placed back in service until the SCBA has been

repaired, tested, cleaned, and any damaged components replaced and inspected by a qualified

service technician, including such testing and other maintenance activities as prescribed by the 

schedule from the SCBA manufacturer. 

 All SCBA units, even those not involved in an incident, must undergo a flow test on at least an annual

basis.

Actions the PPE Users, Selectors, and Purchasers May Take to 

Further Protect Themselves and Others from Hazards

 Sign up for NPPTL’s Listserv at https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/sub-NPPTL.html to receive email 

notifications relevant to PPE.

To request additional information about this report, contact NPPTL at ppeconcerns@cdc.gov, and reference 

NIOSH Task Number 21374 in your request. 

For more information related to personal protective equipment, visit the NIOSH website

www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl

To receive documents or other information about occupational safety and health topics, contact NIOSH:

Telephone: 1–800–CDC–INFO (1–800–232–4636) 

TTY: 1–888–232–6348

CDC INFO: www.cdc.gov/info

Or visit the NIOSH website at www.cdc.gov/niosh

For a monthly update on news at NIOSH, subscribe to NIOSH eNews by visiting www.cdc.gov/niosh/eNews
 TN-21374 Loudoun County, Virginia Fire Department – Status Investigation Report 19

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Appendix Photographs to Support Inspection Findings for SCBA 

unit 60105 and unit 60129

List of Figures

Figure 1: All components of SCBA 60105 unit to be examined............................................................................... 21

Figure 2: Top view of facepiece............................................................................................................................... 21

Figure 3: Facepiece hairnet and straps.................................................................................................................... 22

Figure 4: Inside view of facepiece, skirt and nosecup............................................................................................. 22

Figure 5: Inside of nosecup...................................................................................................................................... 23

Figure 6: MMR with identifying markings. .............................................................................................................. 23

Figure 7: Inside flange of MMR with identifying markings. .................................................................................... 24

Figure 8: Side view of flange of MMR ..................................................................................................................... 24

Figure 9: Low pressure hose.................................................................................................................................... 25

Figure 10: Low pressure connection. ...................................................................................................................... 25

Figure 11: Quick Disconnect.................................................................................................................................... 26

Figure 12: Pressure reducer assembly..................................................................................................................... 26

Figure 13: Interior view of pressure reducer assembly........................................................................................... 27

Figure 14: High pressure hose and cylinder attachment. ....................................................................................... 27

Figure 15: Cylinder attachment threads and O-ring................................................................................................ 28

Figure 16: RIC UAC system connector. .................................................................................................................... 28

Figure 17: PASS console........................................................................................................................................... 29

Figure 18: Back view of PASS console, SEI label. ..................................................................................................... 30

Figure 19: PASS control module. ............................................................................................................................. 30

Figure 20: PAK-Alert. ............................................................................................................................................... 31

Figure 21: Back view of backframe and NIOSH Approval Number label................................................................. 31

Figure 22: Labels on backframe............................................................................................................................... 32

Figure 23: SCBA flow test sticker............................................................................................................................. 32

Figure 24: Straps and buckles.................................................................................................................................. 33

Figure 25: Overall condition of cylinder. ................................................................................................................. 33

Figure 26: Cylinder strap. ........................................................................................................................................ 34

Figure 27: Cylinder threads. .................................................................................................................................... 34

Figure 28: Cylinder gauge is readable. .................................................................................................................... 35

Figure 29: All components of SCBA 60129 unit to be examined............................................................................. 36

Figure 30: Facepiece with MMR attached............................................................................................................... 36

Figure 31: Facepiece hairnet and straps.................................................................................................................. 37

Figure 32: MMR with identifying marking............................................................................................................... 37

Figure 33: Inside flange, MMR and identifying markings........................................................................................ 38

Figure 34: Side view of flange on MMR................................................................................................................... 38

Figure 35: MMR, low pressure hose with Quick Disconnect................................................................................... 39

Figure 36: Quick Disconnect.................................................................................................................................... 39

Figure 37: Interior view of pressure reducer assembly and identifying markings.................................................. 40

Figure 38: Pressure reducer assembly..................................................................................................................... 40
 TN-21374 Loudoun County, Virginia Fire Department – Status Investigation Report 20

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Figure 39: Pressure reducer assembly with SCBA flow test sticker. ....................................................................... 41

Figure 40: High pressure hose and cylinder attachment. ....................................................................................... 41

Figure 41: Cylinder attachment threads.................................................................................................................. 42

Figure 42: Dust cap for the RIC UAC system connector. ......................................................................................... 42

Figure 43: RIC UAC system connector..................................................................................................................... 43

Figure 44: PASS control console. ............................................................................................................................. 43

Figure 45: SEI label on the back of the PASS console.............................................................................................. 44

Figure 46: Control module....................................................................................................................................... 44

Figure 47: Bottom view of control module. ............................................................................................................ 45

Figure 48: Labels on backframe............................................................................................................................... 45

Figure 49: Back view of backframe and NIOSH label. ............................................................................................. 46

Figure 50: Straps and buckles.................................................................................................................................. 46

Figure 51: Identifying information on cylinder........................................................................................................ 47

Figure 52: Label on cylinder..................................................................................................................................... 47

Figure 53: Hydrostatic test date sticker. ................................................................................................................. 48

Figure 54: Cylinder gauge is readable, view of threads. ......................................................................................... 48
 TN-21374 Loudoun County, Virginia Fire Department – Status Investigation Report 21

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Figure 2: Top view of facepiece.

Figure 1: All components of SCBA 60105 unit to be examined.
 TN-21374 Loudoun County, Virginia Fire Department – Status Investigation Report 22

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Figure 3: Facepiece hairnet and straps.

Figure 4: Inside view of facepiece, skirt, and nosecup.
 TN-21374 Loudoun County, Virginia Fire Department – Status Investigation Report 23

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Figure 5: Inside of nosecup.

Figure 6: MMR with identifying markings.
 TN-21374 Loudoun County, Virginia Fire Department – Status Investigation Report 24

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Figure 7: Inside flange of MMR with identifying markings.

Figure 8: Side view of flange of MMR.
 TN-21374 Loudoun County, Virginia Fire Department – Status Investigation Report 25

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Figure 9: Low pressure hose.

Figure 10: Low pressure connection.
 TN-21374 Loudoun County, Virginia Fire Department – Status Investigation Report 26

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Figure 11: Quick Disconnect.

Figure 12: Pressure reducer assembly.
 TN-21374 Loudoun County, Virginia Fire Department – Status Investigation Report 27

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Figure 13: Interior view of pressure reducer assembly.

Figure 14: High pressure hose and cylinder attachment.
 TN-21374 Loudoun County, Virginia Fire Department – Status Investigation Report 28

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Figure 15: Cylinder attachment threads and O-ring.

Figure 16: RIC UAC system connector.
 TN-21374 Loudoun County, Virginia Fire Department – Status Investigation Report 29

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Figure 17: PASS console.
 TN-21374 Loudoun County, Virginia Fire Department – Status Investigation Report 30

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Figure 18: Back view of PASS console, SEI label.

Figure 19: PASS control module.
 TN-21374 Loudoun County, Virginia Fire Department – Status Investigation Report 31

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Figure 20: PAK-Alert.

Figure 21: Back view of backframe and NIOSH Approval Number label.
 TN-21374 Loudoun County, Virginia Fire Department – Status Investigation Report 32

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Figure 22: Labels on backframe.

Figure 23: SCBA flow test sticker.
 TN-21374 Loudoun County, Virginia Fire Department – Status Investigation Report 33

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Figure 24: Straps and buckles.

Figure 25: Overall condition of cylinder.
 TN-21374 Loudoun County, Virginia Fire Department – Status Investigation Report 34

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Figure 26: Cylinder strap.

Figure 27: Cylinder threads.
 TN-21374 Loudoun County, Virginia Fire Department – Status Investigation Report 35

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Figure 28: Cylinder gauge is readable.
 TN-21374 Loudoun County, Virginia Fire Department – Status Investigation Report 36

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Figure 29: All components of SCBA 60129 unit to be examined.

Figure 30: Facepiece with MMR attached.
 TN-21374 Loudoun County, Virginia Fire Department – Status Investigation Report 37

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Figure 31: Facepiece hairnet and straps.

Figure 32: MMR with identifying marking.
 TN-21374 Loudoun County, Virginia Fire Department – Status Investigation Report 38

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Figure 33: Inside flange, MMR, and identifying markings. 

Figure 34: Side view of flange on MMR.
 TN-21374 Loudoun County, Virginia Fire Department – Status Investigation Report 39

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Figure 35: MMR, low pressure hose with Quick Disconnect.

Figure 36: Quick Disconnect.
 TN-21374 Loudoun County, Virginia Fire Department – Status Investigation Report 40

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Figure 37: Interior view of pressure reducer assembly and identifying markings.

Figure 38: Pressure reducer assembly.
 TN-21374 Loudoun County, Virginia Fire Department – Status Investigation Report 41

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Figure 39: Pressure reducer assembly with SCBA flow test sticker.

Figure 40: High pressure hose and cylinder attachment.
 TN-21374 Loudoun County, Virginia Fire Department – Status Investigation Report 42

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Figure 41: Cylinder attachment threads.

Figure 42: Dust cap for the RIC UAC system connector.
 TN-21374 Loudoun County, Virginia Fire Department – Status Investigation Report 43

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Figure 43: RIC UAC system connector.

Figure 44: PASS control console.
 TN-21374 Loudoun County, Virginia Fire Department – Status Investigation Report 44

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Figure 45: SEI label on the back of the PASS console.

Figure 46: Control module.
 TN-21374 Loudoun County, Virginia Fire Department – Status Investigation Report 45

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Figure 47: Bottom view of control module.

Figure 48: Labels on backframe.
 TN-21374 Loudoun County, Virginia Fire Department – Status Investigation Report 46

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Figure 49: Back view of backframe and NIOSH label.

Figure 50: Straps and buckles.
 TN-21374 Loudoun County, Virginia Fire Department – Status Investigation Report 47

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Figure 51: Identifying information on cylinder.

Figure 52: Label on cylinder.
 TN-21374 Loudoun County, Virginia Fire Department – Status Investigation Report 48

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Figure 53: Hydrostatic test date sticker.

Figure 54: Cylinder gauge is readable, view of threads.
 TN-21374 Loudoun County, Virginia Fire Department – Status Investigation Report 49

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Disclaimer 

The purpose of this effort was to determine the conformance of a respirator to the NIOSH approval

requirements found in Title 42, Code of Federal Regulations, Part 84. A number of performance tests are

selected from the complete list of Part 84 requirements and each respirator is tested in its “as received”

condition to determine its conformance to those performance requirements. Each respirator is also

inspected to determine its conformance to the quality assurance documentation on file at NIOSH.

In order to gain additional information about its overall performance, each respirator may also be subjected

to other recognized test parameters, such as National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) consensus

standards. While the test results give an indication of the respirator’s conformance to the NFPA

approval requirements, NIOSH does not actively correlate the test results from its NFPA test equipment

with those of certification organizations which list NFPA-compliant products. Thus, the NFPA test results

are provided for information purposes only.

Selected tests are conducted only after it has been determined that each respirator is in a condition that

is safe to be pressurized, handled, and tested. Respirators whose condition has deteriorated to the point

where the health and safety of NIOSH personnel and/or property is at risk will not be tested.