IN THE COURT OF CRIMINAL APPEALS OF TENNESSEE

AT JACKSON

Assigned on Briefs December 4, 2012

STATE OF TENNESSEE v. WILLIE HOWARD MULL

Direct Appeal from the Circuit Court for Madison County

No. 08-537 Donald H. Allen, Judge

No. W2012-00164-CCA-R3-CD - Filed December 11, 2012

The Defendant, Willie Howard Mull, pled guilty to aggravated assault, felony reckless

endangerment, and unlawfully carrying a weapon. The trial court sentenced him to an

effective sentence of four years, to be served on probation. A warrant was issued alleging

the Defendant had violated his probation. After a hearing, the trial court revoked the

Defendant’s probation and ordered him to serve his sentence in confinement. On appeal,

the Defendant contends the trial court abused its discretion when it revoked his probation.

After a thorough review of the record and applicable law, we affirm the trial court’s

judgment.

Tenn. R. App. P. 3 Appeal as of Right; Judgment of the Circuit Court Affirmed

ROBERT W. WEDEMEYER, J., delivered the opinion of the Court, in which ALAN E. GLENN

and JEFFREY S. BIVINS, JJ., joined.

Paul Edward Meyers (at hearing) and George Morton Googe (on appeal), Jackson,

Tennessee, for the appellant, Willie Howard Mull.

Robert E. Cooper, Jr., Attorney General and Reporter; Sophia S. Lee, Assistant Attorney

General; James G. Woodall, District Attorney General; and Ben Mayo, Assistant District

Attorney General, for the appellee, State of Tennessee.

OPINION

I. Procedural Background and Facts
In October 2008, the Defendant pled guilty to aggravated assault, felony reckless

endangerment, and unlawfully carrying a weapon. Transcripts of the guilty plea hearing

and sentencing hearing are not included in the record. The judgments reflect that the

Defendant was sentenced as a Range I offender to four years for the aggravated assault

conviction, two years for the felony reckless endangerment conviction, and thirty days for

the conviction of unlawfully carrying a weapon. The trial court ordered that the

Defendant’s sentences run concurrently and be served on probation. The trial court also

ordered the Defendant to perform 100 hours of community service.

On October 17, 2011, the Defendant’s probation officer, Annette Hardaway, filed

a probation violation report. In the report, she alleged that the Defendant had violated his

probation by not obeying the laws of the State of Tennessee; by engaging in assaultive,

abusive, threatening, or intimidating behavior; by not paying the required fees and fines;

and by not completing the 100 hours of community service. On October 19, 2011, the

trial court issued a warrant for the Defendant’s arrest.

At the hearing to determine whether the Defendant violated his probation, the

parties presented the following evidence: The parties agreed that the Defendant had

recently been indicted for aggravated domestic assault. Kiana McDougal then testified

that the Defendant was the father of her child. She said that, on October 13, 2011, the

two lived in an apartment together. At 8:00 a.m., she called the police to come to her

home because the Defendant had “strangled” her.

McDougal explained that, at around midnight the night before the incident, the

Defendant came inside after having been outside for a couple of hours. McDougal said

that when he came in he was not “acting himself and his behavior was different.” The

Defendant accused McDougal of “cheating” on him. He became angry with her and

threw her down on the bed, telling her that she was going to die. The Defendant then

placed his hands around her neck and strangled her. McDougal said she went to the

hospital as a result of the attack, she had swelling to her face, and her eyes had

“[h]emorrhaged.”

During cross-examination, McDougal described the events leading up to the

incident, saying that she was sleeping when the Defendant returned to the house. The

Defendant woke her up, the two had a conversation, and she fell back asleep. The

Defendant then woke her up again, to “perform sexual acts.” After she did so, she tried to

leave and “wash up,” and the Defendant would not let her. He wanted her to “hold him.”

McDougal said this behavior was not normal for the Defendant.

McDougal said she fell back asleep while holding the Defendant. She woke up,

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and the Defendant was on top of her. McDougal said the Defendant did not look like

himself, he was sweating “real bad,” and he could not get an erection. McDougal

testified that the Defendant had never before abused her. McDougal said that, after the

Defendant attacked her, she called her mother because she “wanted the comfort of [her]

mom.” McDougal’s stepfather called the police.

McDougal said she believed that the Defendant had been using some kind of drug

that evening, and she asked the trial court to order some type of rehabilitation as part of

the Defendant’s sentence.

On redirect examination, McDougal testified that the Defendant also had a child

with another woman, Aris Stewart. She said, at the time of this incident, the Defendant

was on probation for the aggravated assault of Stewart.

Annette Hardaway, the Defendant’s probation officer, testified that the Defendant

was on probation for the aggravated assault of Stewart. Hardaway testified that the

Defendant violated his probation by being arrested and charged with the aggravated

assault of McDougal. Hardaway said the Defendant had also violated his probation by

not paying either the supervision fee arrearage of $540.00 or the court costs and fines of

$1,200. Hardaway testified that the Defendant had also completed only fourteen of the

one hundred hours of community service the trial court had ordered.

During cross-examination, Hardaway testified that this was the first probation

violation report that she had filed against the Defendant since she began supervising him

on October 23, 2008. She said that the Defendant always reported to her, verified his

employment, and paid some supervision fees. He, however, never paid any of his court

costs and fines, and in three years he had only completed fourteen of the 100 hours of his

court-ordered community service.

The trial court noted that the probation agreement ordered the Defendant to pay

$75 per month on his fines, court costs, and restitution beginning in December 2008.

Hardaway said the Defendant had not made any of these payments. Upon further

questioning from the trial court, Hardaway testified that the Defendant did not report his

arrest to her, but she found out from other sources. She said that she learned of this

incident soon after it happened, and she visited McDougal in the hospital, where she saw

her injuries, including her hemorrhaged eyes.

Based upon this evidence, the trial court revoked the Defendant’s probation

sentence and ordered him to serve the balance of his sentence in prison. It is from this

judgment that the Defendant now appeals.

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II. Analysis

On appeal, the Defendant contends that the trial court erred when it revoked his

probation sentence. He notes that the victim said he was not “acting like himself” at the

time of this incident. The State first claims that the Defendant waived this issue by not

providing adequate argument. The State also asserts that, even if not waived, the

Defendant’s argument is without merit.

In Tennessee, the procedure for a revocation of a probation sentence is covered in

Tennessee Code Annotated section 40-35-311. The statute provides, in part, as follows:

Whenever it comes to the attention of the trial judge that any defendant,

who has been released upon suspension of sentence, has been guilty of any

breach of the laws of this State or has violated the conditions of probation,

the trial judge shall have the power to cause to be issued under such trial

judge’s hand a warrant for the arrest of such defendant as in any other

criminal case.

T.C.A. § 40-35-311(a) (2010).

The essential question facing the trial court in a probation revocation proceeding is

whether the trial court’s determination will subserve the ends of justice and the best

interest of both the public and the probationer. See Hooper v. State, 297 S.W.2d 78, 81

(Tenn. 1956). When a trial court determines by a preponderance of the evidence that a

probationer has violated the conditions of his or her probation, the trial court has the

authority to revoke probation. T.C.A. § 40-35-311(e) (2010). Upon finding that the

defendant has violated the conditions of probation, the trial court may revoke the

probation and either: (1) order incarceration; (2) order the original probationary period to

commence anew; or (3) extend the remaining probationary period for up to two additional

years. State v. Hunter, 1 S.W.3d 643, 644 (Tenn. 1999); see T.C.A. §§ 40-35-308, -310, -

311 (2010). The defendant has the right to appeal the revocation of his probation and

entry of his original sentence. T.C.A. § 40-35-311(e)(2) (2010). After finding a

violation, the trial court is vested with the statutory authority to “revoke the probation and

suspension of sentence and cause the defendant to commence the execution of the

judgment as originally entered . . . .” T.C.A. § 40-35-311(e)(1) (2010); accord Hunter, 1

S.W.3d at 646 (holding that the trial court retains the discretionary authority to order the

defendant to serve his or her original sentence in confinement). Furthermore, when

probation is revoked, the trial court may order “the original judgment so rendered to be in

full force and effect from the date of the revocation of the suspension . . . .” T.C.A. § 40-

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35-310(a) (2010).

Because Tennessee law permits the trial court to revoke probation only upon

finding, by a preponderance of the evidence, that the defendant has violated the terms of

his or her probation, this Court will not disturb the trial court’s determination absent an

abuse of discretion. State v. Shaffer, 45 S.W.3d 553, 554 (Tenn. 2001); State v. Farrar,

355 S.W.3d 582, 586 (Tenn. Crim. App. 2011), perm. app. denied (Tenn. Oct. 18, 2011);

State v. Reams, 265 S.W.3d 423, 430 (Tenn. Crim. App. 2007). A finding of abuse of

discretion “reflects that the trial court’s logic and reasoning was improper when viewed in

light of the factual circumstances and relevant legal principles involved in a particular

case.” Shaffer, 45 S.W.3d at 555 (quoting State v. Moore, 6 S.W.3d 235, 242 (Tenn.

1999)).

In the case presently before us, the record supports that the Defendant violated his

probation. He was arrested and charged with aggravated assault. The victim of the

assault testified at the trial about the assault. The Defendant’s probation officer also

testified about seeing the victim in the hospital and about seeing the victim’s injuries.

The Defendant’s probation officer also testified that the Defendant had violated his

probation by not paying his court costs, fees, and fines and by not completing his

community service. This evidence is sufficient to support the trial court’s finding that the

Defendant violated his probation. Once the trial court has found that a defendant has

violated the terms of his or her probation, it is vested with the statutory authority to

revoke the probation and order him to serve some or all of his original sentence in

confinement followed by probation. Hunter, 1 S.W.3d at 644. Under these

circumstances, we find no abuse of discretion in the trial court’s revocation of the

Defendant’s probation and its ordering the Defendant to serve the balance of his sentence

in confinement. The Defendant is not entitled to relief on this issue.

III. Conclusion

Based on the above mentioned reasoning and authorities, we affirm the trial

court’s judgment.

_________________________________

ROBERT W. WEDEMEYER, JUDGE

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