2009 D e c i sion s O p inion s of the U nit e d S t at e s C ourt of Appe al s for the Third C ircuit 10-6-2009 

# John Mc C auley v

. T ate & Kirlin As so c Inc P re c e de nti al or Non-P re c e de nti al : Non-P re c e de nt i al D ocke t No . 09-2291

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w . vill anova . e du . Re c omme nde d C it ation " J o hn Mc C auley v

. T at e & Kirlin As s oc Inc " (2009). 2009 D e cisio n s . P ape r 505. http://digit alc ommon s .l a

w . vill anova . e du/thirdc ircuit_2009/505NOT P RE CE DE NT I AL UN I TED STATES CO UR T OF A PP EALS F O R T H E T H IR D C IR C U IT

___________ N o. 09- 2291

___________ J OHN MCC AUL E Y, Pet i t i oner

v. TAT E & KI RLIN ASS OCI ATE S , I NC.

____________________________________ O n Pet i t i on forR evi ew of an O r derof the O ffi ce of the C hi ef A dm i ni s tr at i ve H ear i ng O ffi cer ( O C A H O C as e N o. 08B 00013)

_______________________________________ Subm i tt ed Pur s uantt o T hi r d C i r cui tL A R 34. 1( a)

O ct ober5, 2009 B efor e: M cK E E , H A R D I M A N and C O W E N , C i r cui tJ udges

( O pi ni on Fi l ed: O ct ober06, 2009 )

_________ OP INI ON

_________ P E R C UR I AM J ohn M cC aul eypet i t i ons forr evi ew of an or derof the O ffi ce of the C hi ef A dm i ni s tr at i ve H ear i ng O ffi cer( “O C A H O ”) ent er i ng s um m aryj udgm entagai ns thi m onM c C a u ley pr e v io u slyh a d b e e n ter m in a ted b ya d if f e re n t em p lo y e r f

o r re f u sin g to 1 d isc lo se h is s o c ial s e c u rityn u m b e r. H e su e dth a t em p lo y e r in f e d e ra l co u rt u n d e r T itl e V II an d sev era l othe r st atuto ryan d co n sti tuti o n al pro v isi o n s. T h e D istri ct C o u rt di s m i s s ed hi s compl ai ntunderR ul e 12( b) ( 6) , and w e af fi rm ed. See M cC aul eyv. C o m p u ter A id, I n c., 2 4 2 F ed . A p p x . 8 1 0 (3d C ir . 2 0 0 7 ). 

### 2 h is c laim s o f

c iti z e n sh ip -sta tu s d isc rim in a tio n u n d e r 8 U .S .C . § 1 3 2 4 b . W e w ill d e n yh is pet i t i on. I. T at e & K i r l i n A s s oci at es , I nc. ( “Tat e & K i r l i n”) hi r ed M cC aul eyas an ac count col l ect or . O n hi s fi r s tdayof w ork, he r efus ed t o di s cl os e hi s s oci al s ecur i tynum beron a f o rm I-9 a n d re f

u se d to p re se n t a c o p yo f h is s o c ial s e c u rityc a rd , as a T a te & K irlin re p re se n tativ e e a rlierh a d in stru c ted h im h e w o u ldh a v e to d o . In ste a d , h e p ro d u c e d h is b irth c e rtific a te a n d p a ss p o rt. A f terso m e d isc u ss io n b e tw e e n M c C a u ley an d c e rta in T a te & K irlin r e p re se n tativ e s a b o u t w h e th e r M c C a u ley w a s le g a llyre q u ire d to d isc lo se h is so c ial s e c u rityn u m b e r o r p re se n t a s o c ial s e c u rityc a rd , a T a te & K irlin r e p re se n tativ e to ld M cC aul eythathe w oul d be t erm i nat ed i f he r efus ed t o do s o. M cC aul eyagai n r efus ed and thr eat ened t o s ue i f Tat e & K i r l i n t erm i nat ed hi m , w hi ch i tthen di d. T her eaf t er , M cC aul eyfi l ed a c om pl ai ntw i th the Speci al C ouns el forI m m i gr at i onR el at ed U nfai rE m pl oym entPr act i ces pur s uantt o 8 U . S. C . § 1324b( c) . M cC aul ey , w ho 1 i s and al l hi s l i fe ha s been aU ni t ed St at es ci t i zen, al l eged thatT at e & K i r l i n di s cr i m i nat ed agai ns thi m on the bas i s of hi s ci t i zens hi p i n vi ol at i on of 8 U . S. C . § 1324b( a) . A ft erthe S p e c ial C o u n se l n o tifie d M c C a u ley pu rsu a n t to 8 U .S .C . § 1 3 2 4 b (d )(2 ) o f h is rig h t toM c C a u ley also f iled am o tio n f

o r a “ d e c lar a to ryju d g m e n t” th a t h e w a s n o t leg a lly 2 obl i gat ed t o pr ovi de hi s s oci al s ecur i tynum ber . T he A L J , not i ng thatthe O C A H O rul es co d ifi ed at 28 C . F . R . § § 6 8 . 1 -68 . 5 8 m ak e n o p rov isi o n fo r th e issu an ce o f d ec laratory ju d g m e n ts, n e v e rth e les s d isc u ss e d th e su b sta n c e o f M c C a u ley’s m o tio n a n d d e c lin e d to i s s ue the dec l ar at i on. M cC aul eyhas notdi r ect l ychal l enged thatrul i ng i n hi s br i efs , and w e thu s d o n o t add ress it . T o the e x tent that h is briefs c an b e re ad to ch all en g e the A L J’s di s cus s i on of the i s s ues he r ai s ed i n thatm ot i on, hi s ar gum ent s ar e i rr el evantt o the i s s ues o n ap p e a l f

o r th e re a s o n s d is c u s s e d b e lo w . 

### 3 b rin g a p riv a te a c tio n , M c C a u ley file d a c o m p lain t w ith th e O C A H O . H e a lleg e d th a t T a te & K i r l i n: ( 1) t erm i nat ed hi m becaus e he i s a U ni t ed St at es ci t i zen i n vi ol at i on of § 1 3 2 4 b (a )(1 )(B ); (2 ) c o m m itt e d so -c a lled “ d o c u m e n t ab u se ” b yf a ili n g to a c c e p t h is proffered d ocu m ents as proof o f ci t i zenship, again w i th the i ntentt o d i scr i m i nate agai nst hi m becaus e of hi s U ni t ed St at es ci t i zens hi p, i n vi ol at i on of § 1324b( a) ( 6) ; and ( 3) i nt i m i dat ed hi m and r et al i at ed aga i ns thi m i n vi ol at i on of § 1324b( a) ( 5) byt erm i nat i ng hi m aft erhe thr eat ened t o s ue. A ft era per i od of di s covery , T at e & K i r l i n fi l ed a mot i on fors um m aryj udgm ent under28 C . F. R . § 68. 38. T he A dm i ni s tr at i ve Law J udge ( “A L J ”) gr ant ed the mot i on by o r d e re n t e r e d M a r c h 5 , 2 0 0 9 . M c Cau l e yp e t i t i o n s f o rr e v i e w. 2 II. W e h av e jurisdicti o n p u rsua n t t o 8 U . S . C . § 1 3 2 4 b (i )(1). W e e x erc ise p lena ry r e v i e w o v e rth e AL J ’ s ap p l i c a t i o n o f th e f e d e r a l s u mm a ryj u d g me n ts t a n d a r d , th o u g h we g iv e d e f e re n c e to “ a n a g e n c y ’s r e a so n a b le c o n stru c tio n o f a sta tu te it is c h a rg e d w ith admi ni s t er i ng. ” G et ahun v. O ffi ce of the C hi ef A dm i n. H ear i ng O ffi cer , 124 F. 3d 591,M c C a u ley de v o tes m u c h o f h is b rie f to a rg u in g th a t h e w a s n o t re q u ire d to d isc lo se h is 3 s oci al s ecur i tynum ber , and he c l ai m s thathe i n fac tdi s cl os ed i ton hi s empl oym ent ap p lica tio n . T h o se a rg u m e n ts a re o f n o m o m e n t. S e c tio n 1 3 2 4 b p ro h ib its o n ly d isc rim in a tio n o n th e b a sis o f c iti z e n sh ip o r im m ig ra tio n sta tu s. T h u s, e v e n if M c C a u ley’s a rg u m e n ts a re tru e , an d e v e n if T a te & K irlin s o m e h o w w a s m ista k e n in re q u irin g h is s o c ial s e c u rityn u m b e r o r te rm in a tin g h im f o r re f u sin g to p ro v id e it (all iss u e s o n w h ich e x p re ss n o o p in io n ), T a te & K irlin’ s a c tio n s w e re n o t in v io latio n o f th is sta tu te. W h ile w e th u s n e e d n o t ad d re ss M c C a u ley’s a rg u m e n ts re g a rd in g so c ial s e c u rity nu m bers and the em ploym ent ver i fi cat i on process, w e referhim t o o ur di scussi on of those i ssues i n h i s previ ou s appea l . S ee M cC auley , 24 2 F ed. A pp x. at81 2-13. M cC auleyal so ma k e s r e p e a t e d r e f

e r e n c e t o th e a f

f i d a v i to f Dal r e e s e Hol ma n , whi c h h e c l a i ms th e ALJ w r ongful l yfai l ed t o cr edi t . M r . H ol m an’ s aff i davi t , how ever , cont ai ns nothi ng s ugges t i ng thatT at e & K i r l i n t erm i nat ed M cC aul eybecaus e he i s a U ni t ed St at es ci t i zen 

### 4 5 9 4 (3 d C ir. 1 9 9 7 ). O u r re v iew c o n f irm s th a t th e A L J th o ro u g h lya n d a c c u ra tely ex p lai n ed w h yT ate & K ir li n w as e n ti tl ed to su m m aryjud g m en t on ea ch o f M cC au ley ’s th re e c laim s, a n d w e w ill d e n yth is p e tit io n f o r th e re a so n s a lre a d ya d e q u a telye x p lain e d in h e r o p in io n . I n s u m, M c Ca u l e y ’ s f

i r s ttwo c l a i ms r e q u i r e d h i m t o c o me f o rwa r d wi th s o me e v id e n c e th a t, i n ter m in a tin g h im a n d re f u sin g to a c c e p t h is p a ss p o rt a n d b irth c e rtific a te in l i eu o f a social securi tycard, T at e & K i rl i n acted w i th the i ntentt o d i scr i m i nate agai nst h im b ec au se h e is a U n it ed S tat es c it izen . S ee 8 U . S . C . § § 1 3 2 4 b (a)(1)(B ) & (a)(6); U ni t ed St at es v. D i ver s i fi ed Tech. & Servs . of V a. , I nc. , 9 O C A H O 1095, avai l abl e at 2 0 0 3 W L 2 1 1 3 0 6 1 6 , a t* 5 , 1 0 - 1 1 ( O. C. A. H. O. 2 0 0 3 ) . W e a g r e e th a tM c Ca u l e yc a me f o rw a rd w ith n o su c h e v id e n c e . In ste a d , h is e v id e n c e sh o w e d o n lyth a t T a te & K irlin ter m in a ted h im b e c a u se h e re f u se d to d isc lo se h is s o c ial s e c u rityn u m b e r, n o t b e c a u se h e is a U ni t ed St at es ci t i zen. 3( A . R . 109) , and nei therdoes anyotherevi dence of r ecor d. 

### 5 M c C a u ley’s f

in a l cla im re q u ire d h im to sh o w th a t T a te & K irlin te rm in a ted h im becaus e of athr eatt o fi l e a c har ge under§ 1324b. See 8 U . S. C . § 1324b( a) ( 5) ( pr ohi bi t i ng i nt er fer ence w i th “anyr i ghtorpr i vi l ege s ecur ed underthi s s ect i on” and r et al i at i on for fil ing a c h arg e “ u n d er this sec ti o n ”) (em p h asis ad d ed ); A rres v . IM I C o rne li u s R em co r, In c ., 3 3 3 F .3 d 8 1 2 , 8 1 3 -1 4 (7 th C ir. 2 0 0 3 ) (e x p lain in g th a t th is p ro h ib iti o n “ is lim ited to c o m p lain ts a n d c h a rg e s re g a rd in g . . . the su b jec t o f § 1 3 2 4 b ” ); Y o h a n v . C e n tra l S tate H o s p ., 4 O C A H O 5 9 3 , a v a ila b le a t 1 9 9 4 W L 2 6 9 1 8 5 , a t * 7 (O .C .A .H .O . 1 9 9 4 ) ( s a m e ). A s the A L J corr ect l yexpl ai ned, M cC aul eyadmi tt ed athi s depos i t i on thathe neve r thr eat ened t o fi l e a c har ge aga i ns tT at e & K i r l i n underthi s s t atut e, and di d noteven know h im self w h ere h e w o u ld f il e a claim at th e ti m e h e thre aten ed to su e. (A . R . 2 5 0 -52 . ) M or eover , M cC aul eydoes notcl ai m thathe eve rt ol d T at e & K i r l i n thathe bel i eved i tw as di s cr i m i nat i ng agai ns thi m becaus e he i s a U ni t ed St at es ci t i zen, and he a cknow l edged that a Tat e & K i r l i n r epr es ent at i ve t ol d hi m thathe w oul d be t erm i nat ed forr efus i ng t o pr es ent a s o c ia l s e c u ri ty ca rd e v e n b e f o re M c C a u le yis s u e d h is v a g u e th re a t to f ile a c o m p la in t. (I d .) Ac c o r d i n g l y , we wi l l d e n yth e p e t i t i o n f o rr e v i e w.