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Mining Publication: Geology of the Lower Kittanning Coalbed and Related Mining and Methane Emission Problems in Cambria County, Pa.
Keywords: Emission controls Roof quality U.S. Bureau of Mines
Original creation date: January 1979
Authors: AT Iannacchione, DG Puglio
Report of Investigations - January 1979
Download PDF Document (1.72 MB)
NIOSHTIC2 Number: 10000591
Pittsburgh, PA: U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Mines, RI 8354, 1979 Jan; :1-31
The Bureau of Mines established geologic factors affecting the mining of the Lower Kittanning coalbed to aid in coalbed minability studies and examined the occurrence of "wants" (places where coal is missing) and types of unstable roof rock strata. Trends established from mapping, including prediction of areas of high methane emissions, were extrapolated to unmined areas. "Wants" in the coalbed are of two types: erosional and depositional. Erosional features occur where north-south-trending sand-filled channels cut into the coalbed. Variations in depositional environments have caused the coalbed to "split" into several thinner units. Slickensides, commonly indicative of unstable roof, are adjacent to and on the underside of sandstone channels; they were caused by differential compaction and by soft sediment sliding along the contact between the sandstone and adjacent shale. The frequency of unstable roof also increases where the interval between the middle and Lower Kittanning coalbed is less than 30 feet. The zones of weakness at the contacts above and below the Middle Kittanning coalbed are the controlling factors for unstable roof in these strata. Methane emissions from the coalbed are controlled primarily by depth, fracture permeability, and rank of coal. Local geologic factors are coalbed thickness, associated rock strata, structure, and proximity to outcrop.
Image of publication Geology of the Lower Kittanning Coalbed and Related Mining and Methane Emission Problems in Cambria County, Pa.Report of Investigations - January 1979
Download PDF Document (1.72 MB)
NIOSHTIC2 Number: 10000591
Pittsburgh, PA: U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Mines, RI 8354, 1979 Jan; :1-31
See Also
The Availability of Primary Copper in Market Economy Countries: A Minerals Availability Appraisal
Coal-Dust Explosion Tests in the Experimental Mine 1919 to 1924, Inclusive
Considerations for Using Roof Monitors in Underground Limestone Mines in the USA
History of the Mining Program
In Situ Estimation of Roof Rock Strength using Sonic Logging
An In-Situ Diffusion Parameter for the Pittsburgh and Pocahontas No. 3 Coalbeds
New Developments with the Coal Mine Roof Rating
NIOSH Mining Update - New Publications 1995-96
Proceedings of Thru-The-Earth Electromagnetics Workshop
Technology News 481 - Update: Roof Monitoring Safety System for Underground Stone Mines
Page last reviewed: July 13, 2015
Page last updated: July 13, 2015
Content source: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Mining Program
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