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Mining Publication: Case History of the Response of a Longwall Entry Subjected to Concentrated Horizontal Stress
Keywords: Longwall mining Pennsylvania Support design and selection Tailgates
Original creation date: February 2007
Authors: C Mark, WJ Gale, DC Oyler, J Chen
Peer Reviewed Journal Article - February 2007
Download PDF Document (0.61 MB)
NIOSHTIC2 Number: 20031461
Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 2007 Feb 44(2):210-221
The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Pittsburgh Research Laboratory (PRL), RAG Pennsylvania and Strata Control Technologies of Australia collaborated in an intensive study of ground behavior, reinforcement performance, and stress redistribution at the Emerald Mine in Southwestern Pennsylvania. The study site was a longwall tailgate subjected to a severe horizontal stress concentration. Field measurements indicated that the stresses applied to the study site nearly doubled during longwall mining, resulting in roof deformations extending to a height of 4.8m (16ft) above the entry. A computer simulation of the field site was conducted using FLAC-2D, incorporating a broad range of rock behaviors and failure mechanisms. Comparison between the measurements and the simulation showed that the model was able to capture the most significant aspects of the roof and support system behavior, particularly; the extensive slip along bedding that created a partially destressed "softened" zone in the immediate roof. The model also showed that supplementing the normal roof bolt support pattern with cable bolts would allow the entry to survive a further 20-25% increase in the applied horizontal stress. Such information could have very practical application to the design of roof support systems for coal mines.
Image of publication Case History of the Response of a Longwall Entry Subjected to Concentrated Horizontal StressPeer Reviewed Journal Article - February 2007
Download PDF Document (0.61 MB)
NIOSHTIC2 Number: 20031461
Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 2007 Feb 44(2):210-221
See Also
Development of Ground Response Curves for Longwall Tailgate Support Design
Evaluation of the Impact of Standing Support on Ground Behavior in Longwall Tailgates
A First Step in Developing Roof Support Design Criteria Based on Ground Reaction Data for Pittsburgh Seam Longwall Tailgate Support
Horizontal Stress
Overview of Coal Mine Ground Control Issues in the Illinois Basin
Overview of Current US Longwall Gateroad Support Practices: An Update
Performance of Roof Support Under High Stress in a U.S. Coal Mine
Pumpable Roof Supports: Developing Design Criteria by Measurement of the Ground Reaction Curve
Standing Support Alternatives in Western Longwalls
Standing Support Alternatives in Western United States Longwalls
A Study of the Ground Control Effects of Mining Longwall Faces Into Open or Backfilled Entries
Page last reviewed: September 21, 2012
Page last updated: September 21, 2012
Content source: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Mining Program
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