II 

116TH CONGRESS 

1ST SESSION S. 2050 

To require global economic and political pressure to support diplomatic 

denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula, and for other purposes. 

IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES 

JUNE 28 (legislative day, JUNE 27), 2019 

Mr. GARDNER (for himself and Mr. MARKEY) introduced the following bill; 

which was read twice and referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations 

A BILL 

To require global economic and political pressure to support 

diplomatic denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula, and 

for other purposes. 

1 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa2 tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 

3 SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS. 

4 (a) SHORT TITLE.—This Act may be cited as the 

5 ‘‘Leverage to Enhance Effective Diplomacy Act of 2019’’ 

6 or the ‘‘LEED Act’’. 

7 (b) TABLE OF CONTENTS.—The table of contents for 

8 this Act is as follows: 

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents. 


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TITLE I—REVIEW OF STRATEGY AND POLICY TOWARD THE 

DEMOCRATIC PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF KOREA 

Sec. 101. Findings. 

Sec. 102. Sense of Congress. 

Sec. 103. Addressing the evolving threats posed by and capabilities of the 

Democratic People’s Republic of Korea. 

Sec. 104. Briefing on United States engagement with the Democratic People’s 

Republic of Korea. 

Sec. 105. Briefing and strategy relating to use of rocket fuels for ballistic missiles by the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea. 

Sec. 106. Briefing and strategy relating to efforts by the Russian Federation 

to block enforcement of United Nations sanctions. 

Sec. 107. Appropriate congressional committees defined. 

TITLE II—MEASURES TO ADDRESS THE THREATS POSED BY 

AND CAPABILITIES OF THE DEMOCRATIC PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC 

OF KOREA 

Sec. 201. Report on effecting a strategy to diplomatically and economically 

pressure the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea. 

Sec. 202. Authorization to alter United States relations with countries enabling 

the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea. 

Sec. 203. Authorization to terminate or reduce United States foreign assistance 

to countries enabling the Democratic People’s Republic of 

Korea. 

Sec. 204. Appropriate congressional committees defined. 

TITLE III—STRATEGY TO END USE OF NORTH KOREAN 

LABORERS BY OTHER COUNTRIES 

Sec. 301. Strategy to end use of North Korean laborers and human rights violations. 

Sec. 302. Amendment of reporting requirement regarding strategy to promote 

North Korean human rights. 

TITLE IV—ENHANCING SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO THE 

DEMOCRATIC PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF KOREA 

Sec. 401. Sanctions related to enablers of the Democratic People’s Republic of 

Korea. 

Sec. 402. Modification of penalties relating to sanctions. 

Sec. 403. Enhancement of cargo screening criteria. 

Sec. 404. Enforcement of United Nations sanctions with respect to crude oil 

and refined petroleum products. 

Sec. 405. Sanctions with respect to sourcing, manufacture, trade, or distribution of illicit substances. 

Sec. 406. Report on certain entities conducting business with the Democratic 

People’s Republic of Korea. 

Sec. 407. Enhancing the review process for changes to sanctions and rulemaking. 

Sec. 408. Reinforcing global export controls. 

Sec. 409. Additional resources to detect evasion of sanctions targeting the 

Democratic People’s Republic of Korea. 

Sec. 410. Briefing on evasion of sanctions targeting the Democratic People’s 

Republic of Korea. 


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Sec. 411. Briefing on illicit use of virtual currencies by the Democratic People’s 

Republic of Korea. 

Sec. 412. Briefing on cross-border flows of fentanyl and other illicit substances. 

Sec. 413. Briefing on United States citizens detained by the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea. 

Sec. 414. Addition of discussion of sanctions evasion to annual report of the 

United States-China Economic and Security Review Commission. 

Sec. 415. Exception relating to importation of goods. 

Sec. 416. Appropriate congressional committees defined. 

Sec. 417. Effective date. 

TITLE V—MISCELLANEOUS 

Sec. 501. Authority to consolidate reports and briefings. 

1 TITLE I—REVIEW OF STRATEGY 

2 AND POLICY TOWARD THE 

3 DEMOCRATIC PEOPLE’S RE4 PUBLIC OF KOREA 

5 SEC. 101. FINDINGS. 

6 Congress makes the following findings: 

7 (1) The Government of the Democratic People’s 

8 Republic of Korea has flagrantly defied the inter9 national community by illicitly developing its nuclear 

10 and ballistic missile programs, in violation of United 

11 Nations Security Council Resolutions 1718 (2006), 

12 1874 (2009), 2087 (2013), 2094 (2013), 2270 

13 (2016), 2321 (2016), 2371 (2017), 2375 (2017), 

14 and 2397 (2017). 

15 (2) The March 5, 2019, report of the Panel of 

16 Experts established pursuant to United Nations Se17 curity Council Resolution 1874 (2009) highlighted 

18 several deficiencies in the enforcement of sanctions 


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1 with respect to the Democratic People’s Republic of 

2 Korea. 

3 (3) The Panel of Experts report illustrated that 

4 the People’s Republic of China and the Russian 

5 Federation are among those countries not fully im6 plementing multilateral sanctions and that the Rus7 sian Federation has impeded efforts by the United 

8 States to expose and address illegal ship-to-ship 

9 transfers. 

10 (4) Despite known deficiencies in global sanc11 tions implementation, the pace of United States 

12 sanctions designations with respect to the Demo13 cratic People’s Republic of Korea has slowed notice14 ably, even as relevant United States law, including 

15 the North Korea Sanctions and Policy Enhancement 

16 Act of 2016 (22 U.S.C. 9201 et seq.) and the Asia 

17 Reassurance Initiative Act of 2018 (Public Law 

18 115–409), mandates the imposition of United States 

19 sanctions for behaviors described in the Panel of Ex20 perts report, including human rights violations and 

21 malign activities in cyberspace. 

22 SEC. 102. SENSE OF CONGRESS. 

23 It is the sense of Congress that— 

24 (1) the United States is committed to the 

25 peaceful pursuit of the complete, verifiable, and irreVerDate Sep 11 2014 22:10 Jul 08, 2019 Jkt 089200 PO 00000 Frm 00004 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\S2050.IS S2050

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1 versible dismantlement of the illicit weapons pro2 grams of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea 

3 through a combination of pressure and engagement; 

4 (2) meaningful advancement in relations be5 tween the United States and the Democratic Peo6 ple’s Republic of Korea is directly contingent on sig7 nificant progress by the Democratic People’s Repub8 lic of Korea toward dismantling its weapons of mass 

9 destruction and associated delivery systems, ceasing 

10 its human rights violations, complying with United 

11 Nations Security Council resolutions, repatriating 

12 United States citizens and the citizens of other 

13 countries, instituting political openness, and estab14 lishing financial transparency; and 

15 (3) the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea 

16 should immediately resume efforts to identify and 

17 return the remains of members of the Armed Forces 

18 of the United States killed in action during the Ko19 rean War, and should immediately return to the 

20 United States the U.S.S. Pueblo, illegally captured 

21 by the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea on 

22 January 23, 1968. 


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1 SEC. 103. ADDRESSING THE EVOLVING THREATS POSED BY 

2 AND CAPABILITIES OF THE DEMOCRATIC 

3 PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF KOREA. 

4 (a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 60 days after the 

5 date of the enactment of this Act, and every 180 days 

6 thereafter until the date that is 2 years after such date 

7 of enactment, the Director of National Intelligence, in con8 sultation with the Secretary of State and the Secretary 

9 of Defense, and, as appropriate, the Secretary of the 

10 Treasury and the Administrator of the Drug Enforcement 

11 Administration, shall brief the appropriate congressional 

12 committees on— 

13 (1) the evolving threats posed by and capabili14 ties of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea; 

15 and 

16 (2) United States efforts to mitigate and re17 spond to those threats and capabilities. 

18 (b) ELEMENTS.—Each briefing under subsection (a) 

19 shall address the following: 

20 (1) An assessment of the status of the nuclear 

21 and ballistic missile programs of the Democratic 

22 People’s Republic of Korea, including what elements 

23 constitute such programs, and any technological ad24 vancements, disruptions, or setbacks to such pro25 grams during— 


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1 (A) in the case of the first such briefing, 

2 the 60-day period preceding the briefing; and 

3 (B) in the case of any subsequent such 

4 briefing, the 180-day period preceding the brief5 ing. 

6 (2) An assessment of the sources, methods, and 

7 funding mechanisms of the Democratic People’s Re8 public of Korea for procuring critical components for 

9 its nuclear and ballistic missile programs, including 

10 liquid and solid rocket fuels and components, naviga11 tion and guidance systems, computer and electrical 

12 components, and specialized materials. 

13 (3) An assessment of— 

14 (A) the cyber capabilities of the Demo15 cratic People’s Republic of Korea, including its 

16 efforts to conduct cyber and corporate espio17 nage, to commit illicit commercial and financial 

18 activities through international cyber systems, 

19 and to suppress opposition to and spread propa20 ganda in support of its nuclear and ballistic 

21 missile activities; and 

22 (B) any foreign entities that may be en23 hancing the capacity of the Democratic People’s 

24 Republic of Korea to conduct malicious cyberVerDate Sep 11 2014 22:10 Jul 08, 2019 Jkt 089200 PO 00000 Frm 00007 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\S2050.IS S2050

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1 enabled activities, including by providing inter2 net infrastructure. 

3 (4) A summary of activities of the Democratic 

4 People’s Republic of Korea relating to evading sanc5 tions imposed by the United States or the United 

6 Nations Security Council, including an assessment 

7 of the sourcing, manufacture, trade, or distribution 

8 of methamphetamines, narcotics (including opioids 

9 such as fentanyl), and other illicit substances and 

10 any associated precursor chemicals, including by 

11 state-owned entities, other entities (including univer12 sities), and individuals, for the purpose of financing 

13 or otherwise supporting the nuclear and ballistic 

14 missile programs of the Democratic People’s Repub15 lic of Korea. 

16 SEC. 104. BRIEFING ON UNITED STATES ENGAGEMENT 

17 WITH THE DEMOCRATIC PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC 

18 OF KOREA. 

19 Not later than 30 days after the date of the enact20 ment of this Act, and regularly thereafter until the date 

21 that is 2 years after such date of enactment, the Secretary 

22 of State shall brief the appropriate congressional commit23 tees on the status of any United States diplomatic engage24 ment with the Government of the Democratic People’s Re25 public of Korea, including with respect to efforts to secure 


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1 the release of United States citizens detained in the Demo2 cratic People’s Republic of Korea. 

3 SEC. 105. BRIEFING AND STRATEGY RELATING TO USE OF 

4 ROCKET FUELS FOR BALLISTIC MISSILES BY 

5 THE DEMOCRATIC PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF 

6 KOREA. 

7 (a) BRIEFING REQUIRED.— 

8 (1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 90 days after 

9 the date of the enactment of this Act, the Director 

10 of National Intelligence, in conjunction with the Sec11 retary of State, shall brief the appropriate congres12 sional committees on the use by the Democratic Peo13 ple’s Republic of Korea of unsymmetrical dimethyl 

14 hydrazine, solid fuels, and other rocket fuels to 

15 power its ballistic missiles. 

16 (2) ELEMENTS.—The briefing under paragraph 

17 (1) shall include the following: 

18 (A) An assessment of each type of rocket 

19 fuel the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea 

20 uses, or potentially may use, to power its bal21 listic missiles, including the chemical precur22 sors, production process, and required produc23 tion equipment for each such type of rocket 

24 fuel. 


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1 (B) With respect to each such type of 

2 rocket fuel, an assessment of the following: 

3 (i) Whether the use of that type of 

4 rocket fuel by the Democratic People’s Re5 public of Korea is prohibited under United 

6 Nations Security Council resolutions, other 

7 multilateral sanctions imposed with respect 

8 to the Democratic People’s Republic of 

9 Korea, or sanctions imposed by the United 

10 States with respect to the Democratic Peo11 ple’s Republic of Korea. 

12 (ii) Whether the Democratic People’s 

13 Republic of Korea imports that type of 

14 rocket fuel as a finished product or im15 ports chemical precursors and manufac16 tures the finished product. 

17 (iii) The countries from which the 

18 Democratic People’s Republic of Korea im19 ports that type of rocket fuel as a finished 

20 product or from which the Democratic 

21 People’s Republic of Korea imports the 

22 chemical precursors and equipment to 

23 manufacture that type of rocket fuel. 

24 (iv) The size and locations of the 

25 Democratic People’s Republic of Korea’s 


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1 stockpiles, if any, of that type of rocket 

2 fuel. 

3 (v) Whether that type of rocket fuel 

4 can be attributed to its original exporter 

5 based on unique chemical signatures or 

6 other relevant identifying information. 

7 (b) STRATEGY REQUIRED.—The Secretary of State, 

8 in consultation with the heads of relevant agencies, shall 

9 develop a diplomatic strategy to end the transfer of all 

10 rocket fuels and chemical precursors for rocket fuels to 

11 the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea. 

12 (c) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Con13 gress that the United States Ambassador to the United 

14 Nations should introduce a resolution to the United Na15 tions Security Council to request that the Panel of Experts 

16 on the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea established 

17 by United Nations Security Council Resolution 1874 

18 (2009) investigate the importation and manufacture by 

19 the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea of rocket and 

20 ballistic missile fuels, including unsymmetrical dimethyl 

21 hydrazine, solid fuels, and other fuels or their chemical 

22 precursors. 


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1 SEC. 106. BRIEFING AND STRATEGY RELATING TO EFFORTS 

2 BY THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION TO BLOCK EN3 FORCEMENT OF UNITED NATIONS SANC4 TIONS. 

5 (a) BRIEFING REQUIRED.— 

6 (1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 90 days after 

7 the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary 

8 of State shall brief the appropriate congressional 

9 committees on the efforts of the Russian Federation 

10 to undercut enforcement of United Nations sanc11 tions with respect to the Democratic People’s Re12 public of Korea, with particular focus on the limit 

13 set by the United Nations Security Council on the 

14 supply, sale, or transfer to the Democratic People’s 

15 Republic of Korea of all refined petroleum products 

16 in excess of an aggregate amount of 500,000 barrels 

17 during any 12-month period beginning on or after 

18 January 1, 2018. 

19 (2) ELEMENTS.—The briefing under paragraph 

20 (1) shall include the following: 

21 (A) An assessment of the likelihood that 

22 the patterns of behavior illustrated by Annexes 

23 1–3 to the March 5, 2019, report of the Panel 

24 of Experts established pursuant to United Na25 tions Security Council Resolution 1874 (2009), 


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1 including efforts of the Russian Federation to 

2 dismiss findings, will continue. 

3 (B) A description of steps being taken to 

4 ensure, despite the opposition of the Russian 

5 Federation, a timely decision by the United Na6 tions Security Council to act to halt all refined 

7 petroleum product exports to the Democratic 

8 People’s Republic of Korea in each 12-month 

9 period that the limit described in paragraph (1) 

10 is exceeded. 

11 (C) A description of any other United Na12 tions sanctions with respect to the Democratic 

13 People’s Republic of Korea being disregarded or 

14 actively undercut by the Russian Federation. 

15 (b) STRATEGY REQUIRED.—The Secretary of State, 

16 in consultation with the heads of relevant agencies, shall 

17 develop a diplomatic strategy to counter efforts by the 

18 Russian Federation to undercut enforcement of United 

19 Nations sanctions, including the limit described in sub20 section (a)(1), with respect to the Democratic People’s Re21 public of Korea. 

22 SEC. 107. APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES 

23 DEFINED. 

24 In this title, the term ‘‘appropriate congressional 

25 committees’’ means the Committee on Foreign Relations 


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1 of the Senate and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of 

2 the House of Representatives. 

3 TITLE II—MEASURES TO AD4 DRESS THE THREATS POSED 

5 BY AND CAPABILITIES OF 

6 THE DEMOCRATIC PEOPLE’S 

7 REPUBLIC OF KOREA 

8 SEC. 201. REPORT ON EFFECTING A STRATEGY TO DIP9 LOMATICALLY AND ECONOMICALLY PRES10 SURE THE DEMOCRATIC PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC 

11 OF KOREA. 

12 (a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 90 days after the 

13 date of the enactment of this Act, and every 180 days 

14 thereafter, the Secretary of State shall submit to the ap15 propriate congressional committees a report on actions 

16 taken by the United States to diplomatically and economi17 cally pressure the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea. 

18 (b) ELEMENTS.—Each report required by subsection 

19 (a) shall include the following: 

20 (1) A description of the actions taken by the 

21 Secretary of State to consult with governments 

22 around the world, with the purpose of inducing those 

23 governments to diplomatically and economically 

24 pressure the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea. 


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1 (2) A description of the actions taken by those 

2 governments to implement measures to diplomati3 cally and economically pressure the Democratic Peo4 ple’s Republic of Korea. 

5 (3) A list of countries the governments of which 

6 the Secretary has determined to be noncooperative 

7 with respect to implementing measures to diplomati8 cally and economically pressure the Democratic Peo9 ple’s Republic of Korea. 

10 (4) A plan of action to engage with, and in11 crease cooperation with respect to the Democratic 

12 People’s Republic of Korea by, the governments of 

13 the countries on the list required by paragraph (3). 

14 (c) FORM OF REPORT.—Each report required by sub15 section (a) shall be submitted in unclassified form but may 

16 include a classified annex. 

17 SEC. 202. AUTHORIZATION TO ALTER UNITED STATES RE18 LATIONS WITH COUNTRIES ENABLING THE 

19 DEMOCRATIC PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF 

20 KOREA. 

21 (a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of State may take 

22 such actions as are necessary to induce countries on the 

23 list required by section 201(b)(3) to take measures to dip24 lomatically and economically pressure the Democratic Peo25 ple’s Republic of Korea. 


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1 (b) ACTIONS INCLUDED.—Actions described in sub2 section (a) may include— 

3 (1) reduction of the diplomatic presence in the 

4 United States of countries on the list required by 

5 section 201(b)(3); and 

6 (2) reduction of the diplomatic presence of the 

7 United States in those countries. 

8 (c) CONSULTATION.—Not less than 15 days before 

9 taking any action under subsection (a), the Secretary shall 

10 consult with the appropriate congressional committees 

11 with respect to the action. 

12 (d) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Con13 gress that inaction by certain countries in the Indo-Pacific 

14 region to reduce cooperation with the Democratic People’s 

15 Republic of Korea hinders the deepening of strategic rela16 tionships with the United States. 

17 SEC. 203. AUTHORIZATION TO TERMINATE OR REDUCE 

18 UNITED STATES FOREIGN ASSISTANCE TO 

19 COUNTRIES ENABLING THE DEMOCRATIC 

20 PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF KOREA. 

21 (a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of State may ter22 minate or reduce United States foreign assistance to coun23 tries on the list required by section 201(b)(3). 

24 (b) ASSISTANCE INCLUDED.—Assistance terminated 

25 or reduced under subsection (a) may include— 


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1 (1) assistance under chapter 4 of part II of the 

2 Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2346 et 

3 seq.; relating to the Economic Support Fund); 

4 (2) military assistance provided pursuant to 

5 section 23 of the Arms Export Control Act (22 

6 U.S.C. 2763; relating to the Foreign Military Fi7 nancing Program); and 

8 (3) assistance provided under chapter 5 of part 

9 II of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 

10 2347 et seq.; relating to international military edu11 cation and training). 

12 (c) CONSULTATION.—Not less than 15 days before 

13 taking any action under subsection (a), the Secretary shall 

14 consult with the appropriate congressional committees 

15 with respect to the action. 

16 (d) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Con17 gress that inaction by certain countries in the Indo-Pacific 

18 region to reduce cooperation with the Democratic People’s 

19 Republic of Korea hinders the deepening of strategic rela20 tionships with the United States. 

21 SEC. 204. APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES 

22 DEFINED. 

23 In this title, the term ‘‘appropriate congressional 

24 committees’’ means— 


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1 (1) the Committee on Foreign Relations and 

2 the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate; and 

3 (2) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the 

4 Committee on Appropriations of the House of Rep5 resentatives. 

6 TITLE III—STRATEGY TO END 

7 USE OF NORTH KOREAN LA8 BORERS BY OTHER COUN9 TRIES 

10 SEC. 301. STRATEGY TO END USE OF NORTH KOREAN LA11 BORERS AND HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS. 

12 (a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 60 days after the 

13 date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State 

14 shall brief the appropriate congressional committees on a 

15 strategy for leveraging the sanctions imposed pursuant to 

16 section 302B of the North Korea Sanctions and Policy 

17 Enhancement Act of 2016 (22 U.S.C. 9241b) to convince 

18 countries that import North Korean laborers in a manner 

19 described in section 104(b)(1)(L) of that Act (22 U.S.C. 

20 9214(b)(1)(L)) to end that practice. 

21 (b) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES

22 DEFINED.—In this section, the term ‘‘appropriate con23 gressional committees’’ means— 


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1 (1) the Committee on Foreign Relations and 

2 the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Af3 fairs of the Senate; and 

4 (2) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the 

5 Committee on Financial Services of the House of 

6 Representatives. 

7 SEC. 302. AMENDMENT OF REPORTING REQUIREMENT RE8 GARDING STRATEGY TO PROMOTE NORTH 

9 KOREAN HUMAN RIGHTS. 

10 (1) IN GENERAL.—Section 302(b) of the North 

11 Korea Sanctions and Policy Enhancement Act of 

12 2016 (22 U.S.C. 9241(b)) is amended— 

13 (A) in paragraph (2), by striking ‘‘and’’ at 

14 the end; 

15 (B) in paragraph (3), by striking 

16 ‘‘104(b)(1)(M).’’ and inserting ‘‘104(b)(1)(L); 

17 and’’; and 

18 (C) by adding at the end the following new 

19 paragraphs: 

20 ‘‘(4) a list of countries that have not repatri21 ated to the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea— 

22 ‘‘(A) all nationals of the Democratic Peo23 ple’s Republic of Korea earning income in their 

24 jurisdictions; and 


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1 ‘‘(B) all safety oversight attache ́s of the 

2 Democratic People’s Republic of Korea; and 

3 ‘‘(5) for each country on the list required by 

4 paragraph (4)— 

5 ‘‘(A) a list of the entities that employ sig6 nificant numbers of nationals of the Democratic 

7 People’s Republic of Korea earning income in 

8 the jurisdiction of that country; and 

9 ‘‘(B) an assessment of which national or 

10 local government agencies and officials are in11 volved in facilitating the work, presence, or au12 thorization for work of nationals of the Demo13 cratic People’s Republic of Korea earning in14 come in the jurisdiction of the country and of 

15 safety oversight attache ́s of the Democratic 

16 People’s Republic of Korea.’’. 

17 (2) FREQUENCY OF REPORTS CLARIFIED.—Sec18 tion 302(a) of the North Korea Sanctions and Policy 

19 Enhancement Act of 2016 (22 U.S.C. 9241(a)) is 

20 amended by striking ‘‘periodically’’ and inserting 

21 ‘‘every 120 days’’. 


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1 TITLE IV—ENHANCING SANC2 TIONS WITH RESPECT TO THE 

3 DEMOCRATIC PEOPLE’S RE4 PUBLIC OF KOREA 

5 SEC. 401. SANCTIONS RELATED TO ENABLERS OF THE 

6 DEMOCRATIC PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF 

7 KOREA. 

8 Section 104(d) of the North Korea Sanctions and 

9 Policy Enhancement Act of 2016 (22 U.S.C. 9214(d)) is 

10 amended to read as follows: 

11 ‘‘(d) APPLICATION TO CERTAIN PERSONS, SUBSIDI12 ARIES, AND AGENTS.—The designation of a person under 

13 subsection (a) or (b) and the blocking of property and in14 terests in property under subsection (c) shall apply with 

15 respect to a person who is determined— 

16 ‘‘(1) to be owned or controlled by, or to have 

17 acted or purported to have acted for or on behalf of, 

18 directly or indirectly, any person whose property and 

19 interests in property are blocked pursuant to this 

20 section; or 

21 ‘‘(2) to knowingly assist, sponsor, or provide 

22 significant financial, material, or technological sup23 port to or for a person designated under— 

24 ‘‘(A) subsection (a) or (b); 

25 ‘‘(B) an applicable Executive order; or 


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1 ‘‘(C) an applicable United Nations Security 

2 Council resolution.’’. 

3 SEC. 402. MODIFICATION OF PENALTIES RELATING TO 

4 SANCTIONS. 

5 Section 104(f) of the North Korea Sanctions and Pol6 icy Enhancement Act of 2016 (22 U.S.C. 9214(f)) is 

7 amended to read as follows: 

8 ‘‘(f) PENALTIES.— 

9 ‘‘(1) PROHIBITED CONDUCT.—It shall be un10 lawful for any person— 

11 ‘‘(A) to engage in, conspire or attempt to 

12 engage in, or cause any of the conduct de13 scribed in paragraphs (1) through (14) of sub14 section (a); 

15 ‘‘(B) to knowingly evade or avoid a prohi16 bition on such conduct or the imposition of a 

17 sanction or penalty relating to such conduct; or 

18 ‘‘(C) to violate, attempt to violate, conspire 

19 to violate, or cause a violation of any license, 

20 order, regulation, or prohibition issued to carry 

21 out this section. 

22 ‘‘(2) CIVIL PENALTIES.—A person who engages 

23 in an unlawful act described in paragraph (1) shall 

24 be subject to a civil penalty in an amount not to ex25 ceed the greater of— 


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1 ‘‘(A) $500,000; or 

2 ‘‘(B) an amount that is twice the amount 

3 of the transaction that is the basis of the viola4 tion with respect to which the penalty is im5 posed. 

6 ‘‘(3) CRIMINAL PENALTIES.—A person who 

7 willfully engages in an unlawful act described in 

8 paragraph (1) shall, upon conviction, be fined not 

9 more than $1,000,000 and, in the case of an indi10 vidual, imprisoned for not more than 20 years, or 

11 both. 

12 ‘‘(4) RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.—The civil and 

13 criminal penalties under paragraphs (2) and (3) for 

14 engaging an unlawful act described in paragraph (1) 

15 shall be imposed with respect to a person without re16 gard to whether the President has designated the 

17 person for the imposition of sanctions under this 

18 section or pursuant to the International Emergency 

19 Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.).’’. 

20 SEC. 403. ENHANCEMENT OF CARGO SCREENING CRITERIA. 

21 Section 205(c)(1) of the North Korea Sanctions and 

22 Policy Enhancement Act of 2016 (22 U.S.C. 9225(c)(1)) 

23 is amended— 

24 (1) in subparagraph (B), by striking ‘‘; or’’ and 

25 inserting a semicolon; 


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1 (2) in subparagraph (C), by striking the period 

2 and inserting ‘‘; or’’; and 

3 (3) by adding at the end the following: 

4 ‘‘(D) originates in a jurisdiction or a geo5 graphical area that the Secretary determines is 

6 otherwise of concern with respect to evasion of 

7 sanctions mandated with respect to North 

8 Korea.’’. 

9 SEC. 404. ENFORCEMENT OF UNITED NATIONS SANCTIONS 

10 WITH RESPECT TO CRUDE OIL AND REFINED 

11 PETROLEUM PRODUCTS. 

12 (a) IN GENERAL.—Title II of the North Korea Sanc13 tions and Policy Enhancement Act of 2016 (22 U.S.C. 

14 9221 et seq.) is amended by inserting the following: 

15 ‘‘SEC. 212. ENFORCEMENT OF UNITED NATIONS SANCTIONS 

16 WITH RESPECT TO CRUDE OIL AND REFINED 

17 PETROLEUM PRODUCTS. 

18 ‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The President shall impose one 

19 or more of the sanctions described in subsection (c) on 

20 a person described in subsection (b). 

21 ‘‘(b) PERSON DESCRIBED.—A person described in 

22 this subsection is a person that— 

23 ‘‘(1) the President determines knowingly, on or 

24 after the date of the enactment of the Leverage to 

25 Enhance Effective Diplomacy Act of 2019, directly 


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1 or indirectly, supplies, sells, or transfers crude oil to 

2 any entity or instrumentality of the Government of 

3 North Korea or any person representing that gov4 ernment; and 

5 ‘‘(2) is organized under the laws of a jurisdic6 tion that the President determines to have exported 

7 more than the aggregate amount of 4,000,000 bar8 rels of crude oil during any 12-month period to 

9 North Korea. 

10 ‘‘(c) SANCTIONS DESCRIBED.—The sanctions de11 scribed in this subsection are the following: 

12 ‘‘(1) ASSET BLOCKING.—The President may 

13 block and prohibit all transactions in all property 

14 and interests in property of a person described in 

15 subsection (b) if such property and interests in prop16 erty are in the United States, come within the 

17 United States, or are or come within the possession 

18 or control of a United States person. 

19 ‘‘(2) BAN ON INVESTMENT IN EQUITY OR

20 DEBT.—The President may, pursuant to such regu21 lations or guidelines as the President may prescribe, 

22 prohibit any United States person from investing in 

23 or purchasing significant amounts of equity or debt 

24 instruments of the person described in subsection 

25 (b). 


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1 ‘‘(3) EXCLUSION OF CORPORATE OFFICERS.— 

2 The President may direct the Secretary of State to 

3 deny a visa to, and the Secretary of Homeland Secu4 rity to exclude from the United States, any alien 

5 that the President determines is a corporate officer 

6 or principal of, or a shareholder with a controlling 

7 interest in, the person described in subsection (b). 

8 ‘‘(4) SANCTIONS ON PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OF9 FICERS.—The President may impose on the prin10 cipal executive officer or officers of the person de11 scribed in subsection (b), or on persons performing 

12 similar functions and with similar authorities as 

13 such officer or officers, any of the sanctions under 

14 this subsection. 

15 ‘‘(d) WAIVERS.— 

16 ‘‘(1) EFFORTS TO ENFORCE UNITED NATIONS

17 LIMITS.—The President may waive the application 

18 of sanctions under subsection (a) if the President 

19 certifies to Congress that the jurisdiction described 

20 in subsection (b)(2) is applying appropriate effort 

21 to— 

22 ‘‘(A) fulfill its obligation under inter23 national law to prohibit its nationals, individ24 uals otherwise subject to its jurisdiction, enti25 ties incorporated in its territory or subject to its 


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1 jurisdiction, and vessels flying its flag from fa2 cilitating or engaging in ship-to-ship transfers 

3 to or from North Korea-flagged vessels of any 

4 goods or items that are being supplied, sold, or 

5 transferred to or from North Korea, including 

6 refined petroleum products and coal; and 

7 ‘‘(B) reduce, towards the limit established 

8 by the United Nations Security Council, the ag9 gregate amount of crude oil exported from or 

10 re-exported through the jurisdiction to North 

11 Korea. 

12 ‘‘(2) NATIONAL SECURITY.—The President may 

13 waive the application of sanctions under subsection 

14 (a) if the President certifies to Congress that the 

15 waiver is important to the national security interest 

16 of the United States. 

17 ‘‘(3) BRIEFING REQUIRED.—If the President 

18 waives the application of sanctions under paragraph 

19 (1) or (2), the President shall brief the following 

20 committees on the waiver: 

21 ‘‘(A) The Committee on Banking, Hous22 ing, and Urban Affairs and the Committee on 

23 Foreign Relations of the Senate. 


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1 ‘‘(B) The Committee on Financial Services 

2 and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the 

3 House of Representatives. 

4 ‘‘(e) UNITED STATES PERSON DEFINED.—In this 

5 section, the term ‘United States person’ means— 

6 ‘‘(1) a United States citizen or an alien lawfully 

7 admitted for permanent residence to the United 

8 States; or 

9 ‘‘(2) an entity organized under the laws of the 

10 United States or of any jurisdiction within the 

11 United States, including a foreign branch of such an 

12 entity.’’. 

13 (b) CLERICAL AMENDMENT.—The table of contents 

14 for the North Korea Sanctions and Policy Enhancement 

15 Act of 2016 is amended by inserting after the item relat16 ing to section 211 the following: 

‘‘Sec. 212. Enforcement of United Nations sanctions with respect to crude oil 

and refined petroleum products.’’. 

17 SEC. 405. SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO SOURCING, MANU18 FACTURE, TRADE, OR DISTRIBUTION OF IL19 LICIT SUBSTANCES. 

20 Section 104(a)(6) of the North Korea Sanctions and 

21 Policy Enhancement Act of 2016 (22 U.S.C. 9214(a)(6)) 

22 is amended by striking ‘‘narcotics trafficking’’ and insert23 ing ‘‘trafficking of, or facilitation of the souring, manufac24 ture, trade, or distribution of methamphetamines, narVerDate Sep 11 2014 22:10 Jul 08, 2019 Jkt 089200 PO 00000 Frm 00028 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\S2050.IS S2050

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1 cotics including opioids such as fentanyl, and other illicit 

2 substances,’’. 

3 SEC. 406. REPORT ON CERTAIN ENTITIES CONDUCTING 

4 BUSINESS WITH THE DEMOCRATIC PEOPLE’S 

5 REPUBLIC OF KOREA. 

6 (a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 90 days after the 

7 date of the date of the enactment of this Act, the Presi8 dent shall submit to the appropriate congressional com9 mittees a report that includes the following: 

10 (1) A list of entities that, during the 12-month 

11 period preceding submission of the report, have im12 ported or exported any goods, services, or technology 

13 to or from the Democratic People’s Republic of 

14 Korea valued at more than $100,000,000. 

15 (2) A list of entities in the People’s Republic of 

16 China, the Russian Federation, and other countries 

17 outside of the Democratic People’s Republic of 

18 Korea that are known to employ significant numbers 

19 of laborers from the Democratic People’s Republic of 

20 Korea. 

21 (3) For each country that hosts significant 

22 numbers of such laborers, a list of specific economic 

23 sectors in which such laborers are most commonly 

24 used. 


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1 (b) FORM.—The report required by subsection (a) 

2 shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may include 

3 a classified annex. 

4 (c) BRIEFING.—The President shall brief the appro5 priate congressional committees, in a classified setting if 

6 necessary, not later than 30 days after the delivery of the 

7 report required by subsection (a) on whether the entities 

8 identified in subsection (a)(2) meet the criteria for des9 ignation for the imposition of sanctions under applicable 

10 provisions of law. 

11 SEC. 407. ENHANCING THE REVIEW PROCESS FOR 

12 CHANGES TO SANCTIONS AND RULEMAKING. 

13 Section 208 of the North Korea Sanctions and Policy 

14 Enhancement Act of 2016 (22 U.S.C. 9228) is amended 

15 by adding at the end the following: 

16 ‘‘(e) CERTIFICATION REQUIREMENT FOR REMOVAL

17 OF CERTAIN PERSONS FROM THE LIST OF SPECIALLY

18 DESIGNATED NATIONALS AND BLOCKED PERSONS.— 

19 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—On and after the date of 

20 the enactment of the Leverage to Enhance Effective 

21 Diplomacy Act of 2019, the President may not re22 move a person described in paragraph (2) from the 

23 list of specially designated nationals and blocked 

24 persons maintained by the Office of Foreign Asset 

25 Control of the Department of the Treasury unless 


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1 and until the President submits to the appropriate 

2 congressional committees a certification described in 

3 paragraph (3) with respect to the person. 

4 ‘‘(2) PERSONS DESCRIBED.—A person de5 scribed in this paragraph is a person the property 

6 and interests in property of which are blocked pur7 suant to the International Emergency Economic 

8 Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.) under this Act, 

9 an applicable Executive order, or an applicable 

10 United Nations Security Council resolution. 

11 ‘‘(3) CERTIFICATION DESCRIBED.—A certifi12 cation described in this paragraph with respect to a 

13 person is a certification that the person is not en14 gaging in conduct— 

15 ‘‘(A) for which the person was included on 

16 the list of specially designated nationals and 

17 blocked persons by the Office of Foreign Assets 

18 Control; or 

19 ‘‘(B) that violates applicable United States 

20 or international laws. 

21 ‘‘(4) FORM.—A certification described in para22 graph (3) shall be submitted in unclassified form, 

23 but may include a classified annex. 


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1 ‘‘(f) CERTIFICATION REQUIREMENT FOR REMOVAL

2 OF DESIGNATION OF NORTH KOREA AS A JURISDICTION

3 OF PRIMARY MONEY LAUNDERING CONCERN.— 

4 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The President may not ter5 minate the designation of North Korea as a jurisdic6 tion of primary money laundering concern pursuant 

7 to section 5318A of title 31, United States Code, 

8 unless the President submits to the appropriate con9 gressional committees a certification described in 

10 paragraph (2) with respect to North Korea. 

11 ‘‘(2) CERTIFICATION DESCRIBED.—A certifi12 cation described in this paragraph is a certification 

13 that the Government of North Korea— 

14 ‘‘(A) is no longer using state-controlled fi15 nancial institutions and front companies to con16 duct transactions that support the proliferation 

17 of weapons of mass destruction and ballistic 

18 missiles; 

19 ‘‘(B) has instituted sufficient bank super20 vision and controls with respect to anti-money 

21 laundering and combating the financing of ter22 rorism; 

23 ‘‘(C) is cooperating with United States law 

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1 ing information about transactions originating 

2 in or routed through or to North Korea; and 

3 ‘‘(D) is no longer relying on the illicit and 

4 corrupt activity of high-level officials to support 

5 its government. 

6 ‘‘(3) FORM.—The certification described in 

7 paragraph (2) shall be submitted in unclassified 

8 form, but may include a classified annex. 

9 ‘‘(g) APPLICABILITY OF CONGRESSIONAL REVIEW OF

10 CERTAIN AGENCY RULEMAKING RELATING TO NORTH

11 KOREA.—Notwithstanding any other provision of law, any 

12 rule to amend or otherwise alter any provision of part 510 

13 of title 31, Code of Federal Regulations, that is published 

14 on or after the date of the enactment of the Leverage to 

15 Enhance Effective Diplomacy Act of 2019 shall be deemed 

16 to be a rule or major rule (as the case may be) for pur17 poses of chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, and shall 

18 be subject to all applicable requirements of that chapter.’’. 

19 SEC. 408. REINFORCING GLOBAL EXPORT CONTROLS. 

20 There are authorized to be appropriated to the Sec21 retary of State such sums as may be necessary to assess 

22 and, where necessary, to enhance the adequacy of the ex23 port control regimes of United Nations member countries, 

24 including through the use of action plans to encourage and 

25 assist countries in adopting and using authorities necVerDate Sep 11 2014 22:10 Jul 08, 2019 Jkt 089200 PO 00000 Frm 00033 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\S2050.IS S2050

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1 essary to enforce sanctions and export controls required 

2 by United Nations Security Council resolutions. 

3 SEC. 409. ADDITIONAL RESOURCES TO DETECT EVASION 

4 OF SANCTIONS TARGETING THE DEMO5 CRATIC PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF KOREA. 

6 (a) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There 

7 are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary of State 

8 and the Secretary of the Treasury such sums as may be 

9 necessary to enhance the ability of the Department of 

10 State and the Department of the Treasury to detect eva11 sion of sanctions targeting the Democratic People’s Re12 public of Korea, including through actions described in 

13 subsection (b). 

14 (b) ASSIGNMENT OF DETAILEES.—The Secretary of 

15 the Treasury should assign one additional detailee to each 

16 United States embassy or consulate in each country that 

17 the Secretary, in consultation with the Secretary of State, 

18 assesses to be commonly linked to evasion of sanctions tar19 geting the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea. 

20 (c) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Con21 gress that the United States should devote additional mar22 itime patrol and reconnaissance aircraft to areas known 

23 to be associated with maritime forms of sanctions evasion 

24 by the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, including 

25 ship-to-ship transfers of refined petroleum products, oil, 


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1 coal, and other goods and the export of arms by the Demo2 cratic People’s Republic of Korea, to enhance the capa3 bility of the United States to detect and publicize such 

4 activities. 

5 SEC. 410. BRIEFING ON EVASION OF SANCTIONS TAR6 GETING THE DEMOCRATIC PEOPLE’S REPUB7 LIC OF KOREA. 

8 (a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days after the 

9 date of the enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter 

10 until the date that is 5 years after such date of enactment, 

11 the Secretary of State and the Secretary of the Treasury 

12 shall brief the appropriate congressional committees re13 garding evasion of sanctions targeting the Democratic 

14 People’s Republic of Korea. 

15 (b) ELEMENTS.—Each briefing required by sub16 section (a) shall— 

17 (1) cover each country described in section 

18 409(b) by discussing any known or suspected cases 

19 or types of sanctions evasion that implicate that 

20 country; and 

21 (2) be based on the input of detailees assigned 

22 as described in that section. 


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1 SEC. 411. BRIEFING ON ILLICIT USE OF VIRTUAL CUR2 RENCIES BY THE DEMOCRATIC PEOPLE’S RE3 PUBLIC OF KOREA. 

4 (a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days after the 

5 date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of the 

6 Treasury shall brief the appropriate congressional commit7 tees on the illicit use of virtual currencies by the Demo8 cratic People’s Republic of Korea. 

9 (b) ELEMENTS.—The briefing required by subsection 

10 (a) shall— 

11 (1) to the extent possible, provide an estimate 

12 of the amount of fiat currency that the Democratic 

13 People’s Republic of Korea has been able to generate 

14 as of the date of the briefing through conversion of 

15 virtual currency obtained by illicit means including 

16 cyberattacks; 

17 (2) describe known pathways through which the 

18 Democratic People’s Republic of Korea executes 

19 such conversions, with an emphasis on identifying 

20 virtual currency exchanges used by the Democratic 

21 People’s Republic of Korea or its agents; and 

22 (3) cover any known instances of purchases of 

23 goods or services by the Democratic People’s Repub24 lic of Korea using virtual currency without con25 verting that currency to fiat currency before the pur26 chases. 


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1 SEC. 412. BRIEFING ON CROSS-BORDER FLOWS OF 

2 FENTANYL AND OTHER ILLICIT SUBSTANCES. 

3 (a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days after the 

4 date of the date of the enactment of this Act, the Sec5 retary of the Treasury shall brief the appropriate congres6 sional committees on the methods by which the Demo7 cratic People’s Republic of Korea produces and exports 

8 methamphetamines and other narcotics, including opioids 

9 such as fentanyl. 

10 (b) ELEMENTS.—The briefing required by subsection 

11 (a) shall— 

12 (1) provide estimates of the amounts of illicit 

13 substances exported by the Democratic People’s Re14 public of Korea and the associated revenues; 

15 (2) describe known pathways through which the 

16 Democratic People’s Republic of Korea procures pre17 cursors for and conducts exports of such substances, 

18 with particular focus on exports into the People’s 

19 Republic of China; and 

20 (3) assess the extent to which such pathways 

21 differ from pathways used by the Democratic Peo22 ple’s Republic of Korea to export arms and other 

23 goods the export of which is prohibited. 


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1 SEC. 413. BRIEFING ON UNITED STATES CITIZENS DE2 TAINED BY THE DEMOCRATIC PEOPLE’S RE3 PUBLIC OF KOREA. 

4 (a) IN GENERAL.—Notwithstanding any other provi5 sion of law, not later than 30 days after the date of the 

6 enactment of this Act, and every 180 days thereafter until 

7 the date that is 2 years after such date of enactment, the 

8 Secretary of State shall brief the appropriate congres9 sional committees on United States citizens detained by 

10 the Government of the Democratic People’s Republic of 

11 Korea, including United States citizens who are also citi12 zens of other countries. 

13 (b) ELEMENTS.—Each briefing required by sub14 section (a) shall, to the extent practicable and appropriate, 

15 include, with respect to each United States citizen de16 tained by the Government of the Democratic People’s Re17 public of Korea, the following: 

18 (1) The name of the United States citizen. 

19 (2) A description of the circumstances sur20 rounding the detention of the United States citizen. 

21 (3) An assessment of the health and welfare of 

22 the United States citizen. 

23 (4) An assessment of whether any United 

24 States Government officials or foreign government 

25 officials have been provided access to the United 

26 States citizen. 


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1 (5) A summary of any communications or com2 ments by officials of the Government of the Demo3 cratic People’s Republic of Korea regarding the de4 tention and welfare of the United States citizen. 

5 (6) A summary of official communications by 

6 United States Government officials or foreign gov7 ernment officials, or other persons acting on behalf 

8 of those officials, regarding the United States cit9 izen, including efforts to secure the release of the 

10 United States citizen. 

11 (c) INTERIM BRIEFINGS.—During periods between 

12 briefings under subsection (a), the Secretary of State shall 

13 brief the appropriate congressional committees on any sig14 nificant updates on the status and welfare of any United 

15 States citizens detained by the Government of the Demo16 cratic People’s Republic of Korea. 

17 SEC. 414. ADDITION OF DISCUSSION OF SANCTIONS EVA18 SION TO ANNUAL REPORT OF THE UNITED 

19 STATES-CHINA ECONOMIC AND SECURITY RE20 VIEW COMMISSION. 

21 Section 1238(c)(2) of the Floyd D. Spence National 

22 Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2001 (as en23 acted into law by Public Law 106–398; 22 U.S.C. 

24 7002(c)(2)) is amended by adding at the end the fol25 lowing: 


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1 ‘‘(L) The evasion of sanctions targeting 

2 the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea by 

3 or involving the People’s Republic of China.’’. 

4 SEC. 415. EXCEPTION RELATING TO IMPORTATION OF 

5 GOODS. 

6 (a) IN GENERAL.—No provision affecting sanctions 

7 under this title or an amendment made by this title shall 

8 apply to sanctions on the importation of goods. 

9 (b) GOOD DEFINED.—In this section, the term 

10 ‘‘good’’ means any article, natural or manmade substance, 

11 material, supply or manufactured product, including in12 spection and test equipment, and excluding technical data. 

13 SEC. 416. APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES 

14 DEFINED. 

15 In this title, the term ‘‘appropriate congressional 

16 committees’’ means— 

17 (1) the Committee on Foreign Relations and 

18 the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Af19 fairs of the Senate; and 

20 (2) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the 

21 Committee on Financial Services of the House of 

22 Representatives. 

23 SEC. 417. EFFECTIVE DATE. 

24 The amendments made by this title shall take effect 

25 on the date of the enactment of this Act and apply with 


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1 respect to conduct engaged on or after such date of enact2 ment. 

3 TITLE V—MISCELLANEOUS 

4 SEC. 501. AUTHORITY TO CONSOLIDATE REPORTS AND 

5 BRIEFINGS. 

6 Any reports or briefings required to be submitted to 

7 Congress under this Act or any amendments made by this 

8 Act that are subject to a deadline for submission con9 sisting of the same unit of time may be consolidated into 

10 a single report or briefing. The consolidated report or 

11 briefing shall contain all information required under this 

12 Act or any amendment made by this Act with respect to 

13 the reports comprising such consolidated report or brief14 ing. 

Æ 


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