[Cite as In re I.K., 2016-Ohio-659.]

Appeal From: Hamilton County Juvenile Court 

 

Judgment Appealed From Is: Affirmed 

Date of Judgment Entry on Appeal: February 24, 2016 

Joseph T. Deters, Hamilton County Prosecuting Attorney, and Roxan Tarnowski, 

Assistant Prosecuting Attorney, for Appellee Hamilton County Department of Job 

and Family Services, 

Raymond T. Faller, Hamilton County Public Defender, and Jessica R. Moss, 

Assistant Public Defender, Guardian Ad Litem for I.K. and J.D., 

Erik Laursen, for Appellant Mother, 

Roger Kirk, for Appellant J.D., 

Christopher Kapsal, Guardian Ad Litem for Appellant Mother. 

Please note: this case has been removed from the accelerated calendar. 

IN THE COURT OF APPEALS 

FIRST APPELLATE DISTRICT OF OHIO 

HAMILTON COUNTY, OHIO 

IN RE: I.K. and J.D. : 

: 

: 

APPEAL NO. C-150667

TRIAL NO. F10-1099X 

O P I N I O N.
OHIO FIRST DISTRICT COURT OF APPEALS

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MOCK, Judge. 

{¶1} Appellant mother has eight children. She has lost custody of all of 

them for various reasons over the years. The two children involved in this case are 

her son, appellant J.D., born on December 8, 1999, and her daughter I.K., born on 

January 2, 2014. Appellee Hamilton County Department of Job and Family Services 

(“HCJFS”) became involved with J.D. because mother was not taking him to his 

appointments, was not attending school meetings, was not giving J.D. his 

medication, and was failing ensure that J.D. attended school, and because of an 

incident in which mother had chased J.D. with a belt into traffic. I.K. was taken into 

the custody of HCJFS immediately after she was born. 

{¶2} As part of her case plan, mother was ordered to participate in 

parenting education, random drug screenings, drug-addiction treatment and 

therapy, to meet with a case worker, to comply with recommended medsomatic 

services, to complete a psychological evaluation, to obtain housing, to participate in 

family therapy with her son, and to participate in supervised visits with her children. 

While she did make some progress toward her goals, it was insufficient to prepare 

her to care for her special-needs son and newborn daughter. After several attempts 

to reunite mother with J.D. and I.K., HCJFS sought permanent custody of both 

children. After extensive hearings, the magistrate awarded custody of I.K. to HCJFS, 

but declined to do so for J.D. On objections to that decision, the trial court adopted 

the decision and analysis of the magistrate as they related to I.K., but then also 

awarded custody of J.D. to HCJFS. Mother and J.D. have appealed that decision. 
OHIO FIRST DISTRICT COURT OF APPEALS

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The Termination Decision Was Not Error 

{¶3} In her sole assignment of error, mother argues that the decision of the 

trial court was contrary to the weight of the evidence. J.D. similarly argues in one 

assignment of error that the trial court improperly determined that termination of 

mother’s rights was in his best interest. When considering these arguments, we 

review the evidence, consider the credibility of the witnesses, and determine whether 

the trial court clearly lost its way and created such a manifest miscarriage of justice 

that the judgment must be reversed. See State v. Thompkins, 78 Ohio St.3d 380, 678 

N.E.2d 541 (1997). But “[i]n weighing the evidence, [we] must always be mindful of 

the presumption in favor of the finder of fact.” Eastley v. Volkman, 132 Ohio St.3d 

328, 2012-Ohio-2179, 972 N.E.2d 517, ¶ 21. 

{¶4} R.C. 2151.414(B), the statute governing motions for permanent 

custody, has been amended recently. Therefore, we will apply the version of the 

statute that was in effect on the date the motion for permanent custody was filed. 

See In re C.E.1, 1st Dist. Hamilton No. C-140674, 2015 Ohio App. LEXIS 1170 (Mar. 

20, 2015). 

{¶5} Former R.C. 2151.414(B) establishes a two-part test for the juvenile 

court to apply when ruling on a motion for permanent custody. In re Schaefer, 111 

Ohio St.3d 498, 2006-Ohio-5513, 857 N.E.2d 532, ¶ 31. A juvenile court may 

terminate parental rights and grant permanent custody of a child to a public children 

services agency if it finds by clear and convincing evidence that (1) permanent 

custody is in the best interest of the child and (2) one of the four conditions in former 

R.C. 2151.414(B)(1)(a)-(d) applies. In re W.W., 1st Dist. Hamilton Nos. C-110363 and 

C-110402, 2011-Ohio-4912, ¶ 48. We will address each issue in turn. 
OHIO FIRST DISTRICT COURT OF APPEALS

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Best-Interest Factors 

{¶6} In determining a child’s best interest, the court must consider “all 

relevant factors,” including (1) the child’s interaction with the parents, relatives, 

foster caregivers, out-of-home providers, and any other person who may significantly 

affect the child, (2) the wishes of the child, as expressed by the child or a guardian ad 

litem, (3) the custodial history of the child, (4) the child’s need for legally secure 

placement and whether that type of placement can be achieved without a grant of 

permanent custody, and (5) whether any of the factors under former R.C. 

2151.414(E)(7) through (11) apply. Former R.C. 2151.414(D)(1)(a) through (e). 

{¶7} In this case, the trial court examined each factor as it related to J.D. 

and found that termination of mother’s parental rights was in his best interest. J.D. 

had been out of mother’s custody since 2010. Mother also demonstrated that she did 

not understand the nature and scope of J.D.’s mental-health issues, she could not 

supervise or redirect his inappropriate behavior, and she was incapable of caring for 

his mental-health needs. 

{¶8} As for I.K., the trial court agreed with the magistrate’s analysis and 

adopted it. I.K. had been out of mother’s custody since she had been born. Mother 

was unable to provide basic care for her infant. She attended only one of the child’s 

medical appointments, and was so inconsistent with her visits that she was required 

to call ahead before her scheduled times. 

{¶9} Mother frequently failed to make use of services that were offered to 

her. Her visits with both children were infrequent and inconsistent. Family therapy 

could not continue because of her inconsistent involvement. She failed to effectively 

address her own mental-health and substance-abuse issues. In light of this evidence, 
OHIO FIRST DISTRICT COURT OF APPEALS

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the trial court concluded that there was no reason to believe that mother’s 

compliance would change. 

{¶10} Based on this record, the determination of the trial court that it was in 

the best interest of the children to terminate mother’s parental rights was not against 

the weight of the evidence. 

Former R.C. 2151.414(B)(1) Findings 

{¶11} Next we consider whether the trial court properly determined that 

one of the four conditions in former R.C. 2151.414(B)(1) applied for each child. The 

four conditions are that (a) the child cannot be placed with either parent within a 

reasonable time or should not be placed with either parent, (b) the child is 

abandoned, (c) the child is orphaned and no relatives are able to take permanent 

custody, or (d) the child had been in the temporary custody of the agency for 12 or 

more months of a consecutive 22-month period ("12 of 22") at the time the agency 

moved for permanent custody. Former R.C. 2151.414(B)(1). 

{¶12} J.D. had clearly been in the custody of the agency longer than 12 

months of a consecutive 22-month period. Therefore, the trial court properly 

determined that former R.C. 2151.414(B)(1)(d) applied, and that decision was not 

against the manifest weight of the evidence. 

{¶13} Alternately, the trial court determined that I.K. could not be placed 

with either parent in a reasonable time. See former R.C. 2151.414(B)(1)(a). In order 

to reach that conclusion, the trial court had to find that one or more of the factors 

enumerated in former R.C. 2151.414(E)(1) through (16) existed. 

{¶14} The identity of the father was unknown. Therefore, placement with 

him was not possible. As to the mother, the trial court concluded that she had failed 

to remedy the problems that had initially caused the children to be placed outside the 
OHIO FIRST DISTRICT COURT OF APPEALS

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home. See former R.C. 2151.414(E)(1). Mother lacked the ability to provide basic 

care, and failed to effectively participate in programs designed to remedy those 

deficiencies. I.K. had been in a foster home since her birth. And mother had not 

effectively addressed her own mental-health and substance-abuse issues. While 

mother had made some progress, even substantial completion of a case plan does 

not, in and of itself, require that children be reunified with parents who have failed to 

remedy the conditions which led to removal in the first place. In re J.L., 8th Dist. 

Cuyahoga No. 84368, 2004-Ohio-6024, ¶ 20. 

{¶15} The determination that former R.C. 2151.414(E)(1) applied was 

supported by the record. And since the trial court properly determined that mother 

had failed to remedy the problems that had initially caused the children to be placed 

outside the home, it properly determined that I.K. could not be placed with either 

parent in a reasonable time pursuant to former R.C. 2151.414(B)(1)(a). This 

determination as not against the manifest weight of the evidence. 

Conclusion 

{¶16} Upon our review of the record, we hold that the court’s findings as to 

the best-interest factors and the former R.C. 2151.414(B)(1) factors were not against 

the manifest weight of the evidence. Therefore, the assignments of error of mother 

and J.D. are overruled. We affirm the judgment of the trial court. 

Judgment affirmed. 

DEWINE, P.J., and STAUTBERG, J., concur. 

Please note: 

 The court has recorded its own entry on the date of the release of this opinion.