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Mining Publication: Effectiveness of Dust Dispersion in the 20-L Siwek Chamber
Keywords: Coal dust Dust measurement instruments
This page is archived for historical purposes and is no longer being maintained or updated.
Original creation date: January 2010
Authors: O Kalaejaiye, PR Amyotte, MJ Pegg, KL Cashdollar
Peer Reviewed Journal Article - January 2010
Download PDF Document (0.57 MB)
NIOSHTIC2 Number: 20036508
J Loss Prev Process Ind 2010 Jan; 23(1):46-59
Conference Paper - August 2006
Download PDF Document (0.57 MB)
NIOSHTIC2 Number: 20031122
Proceedings of the Sixth International Symposium on Hazards, Prevention, and Mitigation of Industrial Explosions (Halifax, NS, Canada, Aug. 27 - Sept. 1, 2006), Halifax, Canada: Dalhousie University, 2006 Aug; 1:253-278
The Siwek 20-L chamber is widely used throughout the world to evaluate the explosibility of dusts. This research evaluated the quality of dust dispersion in the Siwek 20-L chamber using Pittsburgh coal, Gilsonite, and purple K dusts. A Pittsburgh Research Laboratory (PRL) optical dust probe was used to measure optical transmittance through the dust cloud at various locations within the chamber. A total of 540 tests were performed, with triplicate tests at five nominal dust concentrations and six locations. The two standard dispersion nozzles (rebound and perforated annular nozzle) were compared. The transmissions corresponding to the normal ignition delay period were used to: (a) determine variations in spatial uniformity of dispersion obtained with both nozzles; (b) make comparisons between the experimental transmission data and those calculated from theory for the three dusts; and (c) make comparisons with transmission data measured in the PRL 20-L and Fike 1-m3 dust explosion chambers. The uniformity of dispersion for the three dusts was similar with both nozzles, despite the differences in nozzle geometry and mode of operation. Transmission data of the three dusts were all significantly lower than those calculated from theory. This was discovered to be, in part, due to significant reduction in particle size that occurred during dispersion. By measuring particle sizes before and after dispersion, values of 60%, 50%, and 20% reduction in particle size (based on the surface-weighted mean diameter) were obtained for Pittsburgh coal, Gilsonite, and purple K, respectively. Transmission data from the PRL 20-L, Fike 1-m3 and the Siwek 20-L chambers indicated comparable results in terms of uniformity of dispersion. However, transmission data from the Siwek 20-L chamber were significantly lower than those of the PRL and Fike chambers. Again, this was attributed, in part, to the significant reduction in particle size that occurred during dispersion in the Siwek chamber. The design of the outlet (dispersion) valve of the Siwek 20-L apparatus charge vessel was largely responsible for the particle break-up. The contribution to particle break-up by the dispersion nozzles and the high level of turbulence in the chamber were found to be minimal. This is a significant finding in that the dust particle size tested for explosibility in the Siwek chamber is considerably smaller than the original dust sample.
Image of publication Effectiveness of Dust Dispersion in the 20-L Siwek ChamberPeer Reviewed Journal Article - January 2010
Download PDF Document (0.57 MB)
NIOSHTIC2 Number: 20036508
J Loss Prev Process Ind 2010 Jan; 23(1):46-59
Conference Paper - August 2006
Download PDF Document (0.57 MB)
NIOSHTIC2 Number: 20031122
Proceedings of the Sixth International Symposium on Hazards, Prevention, and Mitigation of Industrial Explosions (Halifax, NS, Canada, Aug. 27 - Sept. 1, 2006), Halifax, Canada: Dalhousie University, 2006 Aug; 1:253-278
See Also
Airborne Dust Liberation During Coal Crushing
Coal Dust Explosibility Meter Evaluation and Recommendations for Application
Coal-Dust Explosion Tests in the Experimental Mine 1919 to 1924, Inclusive
Differential Pressure Response of 25-mm-Diameter Glass Fiber Filters Challenged with Coal and Limestone Dust Mixtures
Evaluation of LIDAR as a Novel Remote Dust Sensing Technology
Full-Scale Testing of the Float Dust Deposition Meter
Rock Dusting Considerations in Underground Coal Mines
Status of a Tapered Element, Oscillation Microbalance-Based Continuous Respirable Coal Mine Dust Monitor
Technology News 515 - Float Coal Dust Explosion Hazards
Test Report on the Machine-Mounted Continuous Respirable Dust Monitor
Page last reviewed: September 21, 2012
Page last updated: October 9, 2015
Content source: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Mining Program
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