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Mining Publication: Further Study of the Intrinsic Safety of Internally Shorted Lithium and Lithium-ion Cells Within Methane-air
Keywords: Batteries Electrical safety Fire and explosion prevention Ignitions
Original creation date: November 2014
Authors: TH Dubaniewicz, JP Ducarme
Peer Reviewed Journal Article - November 2014
Download PDF Document (0.71 MB)
NIOSHTIC2 Number: 20045308
J Loss Prev Process Ind 2014 Nov; 32:165-173
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) researchers continue to study the potential for lithium and lithium-ion battery thermal runaway from an internal short circuit in equipment for use in underground coal mines. Researchers conducted cell crush tests using a plastic wedge within a 20-L explosion-containment chamber filled with 6.5% CH4-air to simulate the mining hazard. The present work extends earlier findings to include a study of LiFePO4 cells crushed while under charge, prismatic form factor LiCoO2 cells, primary spiral-wound constructed LiMnO2 cells, and crush speed influence on thermal runaway susceptibility. The plastic wedge crush was a more severe test than the flat plate crush with a prismatic format cell. Test results indicate that prismatic Saft MP 174565 LiCoO2 and primary spiral-wound Saft FRIWO M52EX LiMnO2 cells pose a CH4-air ignition hazard from internal short circuit. Under specified test conditions, A123 systems ANR26650M1A LiFePO4 cylindrical cells produced no chamber ignitions while under a charge of up to 5 A. Common spiral-wound cell separators are too thin to meet intrinsic safety standards provisions for distance through solid insulation, suggesting that a hard internal short circuit within these cells should be considered for intrinsic safety evaluation purposes, even as a non-countable fault. Observed flames from a LiMnO2 spiral-wound cell after a chamber ignition within an inert atmosphere indicate a sustained exothermic reaction within the cell. The influence of crush speed on ignitions under specified test conditions was not statistically significant.
First page of Further Study of the Intrinsic Safety of Internally Shorted Lithium and Lithium-ion Cells Within Methane-airPeer Reviewed Journal Article - November 2014
Download PDF Document (0.71 MB)
NIOSHTIC2 Number: 20045308
J Loss Prev Process Ind 2014 Nov; 32:165-173
See Also
Are lithium-ion cells intrinsically safe?
Battery Safety Enhancements for Underground Coal Mines
The Brookwood Disaster and Electrical Requirements for Hazardous (Classified) Locations
Ignition of Hydraulic Fluid Sprays by Open Flames and Hot Surfaces
Ignition Tests With a Fiber-Optic Powered Instrument
Lasers
Methane-Air Mixtures Ignited by CW Laser-Heated Targets on Optical Fiber Tips: Comparison of Targets, Optical Fibers, and Ignition Delays
Threshold Powers and Delays for Igniting Propane and Butane-Air Mixtures by CW Laser-heated Small Particles
U.S. Bureau of Mines/NIOSH Mining Electrical Safety Research: A Legacy of Protection Against Shock, Fires, and Explosions
Using Advanced Large-Format Energy Storage Technology in Underground Mines
Page last reviewed: February 26, 2015
Page last updated: February 26, 2015
Content source: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Mining Program
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