<PAGE>   1

                                  UNITED STATES
                       SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
                             WASHINGTON, D. C. 20549

                                    FORM 10-Q

              [X] QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)
                     OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

                  For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2001

                                       OR

              [ ] TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)
                     OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

                   For the transition period from ___ to ___
                         Commission file number 0-4065-1

                          LANCASTER COLONY CORPORATION
             (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)


                   OHIO                                         13-1955943
      (State or other jurisdiction of                        (I.R.S. Employer
      incorporation or organization)                        Identification No.)


                   37 WEST BROAD STREET, COLUMBUS, OHIO 43215
                    (Address of principal executive offices)
                                   (Zip Code)

                                  614-224-7141
              (Registrant's telephone number, including area code)

                                      NONE
              (Former name, former address and former fiscal year,
                          if changed since last report)

        Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports
required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934 during the preceding 12 months, and (2) has been subject to such filing
requirements for the past 90 days. Yes    X     No
                                       -------     -------

        As of March 31, 2001, there were approximately 37,267,000 shares of
common stock, no par value per share, outstanding.



                                     1 of 9

<PAGE>   2


                  LANCASTER COLONY CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

                                      INDEX

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
                                                                                Page No.
                                                                                --------
<S>       <C>                                                                   <C>

Part I.   Financial Information

          Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets -
                March 31, 2001 and June 30, 2000                                      3

          Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income -
                Three Months and Nine Months
                Ended March 31, 2001 and 2000                                         4

          Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows -
                Nine Months Ended March 31, 2001 and 2000                             5

          Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements                        6

          Management's Discussion and Analysis of the Results
                of Operations and Financial Condition                                7-9


Part II.  Other Information

          Item 6 - Exhibits and Reports on Form 8-K                                   9

          Signatures                                                                  9

</TABLE>

                                     2 of 9

<PAGE>   3

                  LANCASTER COLONY CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

                      CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
                                                                                 March 31                   June 30
                                                                                    2001                     2000
                                                                              ------------------         -----------
                                                                               (Unaudited)
<S>                                                                                <C>                       <C>

ASSETS
   Current Assets:
       Cash and equivalents                                                  $   7,171,000              $   2,656,000

       Receivables - net of allowance for doubtful accounts                    132,341,000                118,991,000

       Inventories:
          Raw materials and supplies                                            50,337,000                 43,882,000
          Finished goods and work in process                                   126,717,000                131,598,000
                                                                             -------------              -------------
              Total inventories                                                177,054,000                175,480,000

       Prepaid expenses and other current assets                                21,314,000                 18,768,000
                                                                             -------------              -------------

              Total current assets                                             337,880,000                315,895,000

   Property, Plant and Equipment - At cost                                     434,020,000                413,183,000
   Less Accumulated Depreciation                                               258,180,000                240,799,000
                                                                             -------------              -------------
              Property, plant and equipment - net                              175,840,000                172,384,000

   Goodwill - net of accumulated amortization                                   73,660,000                 34,553,000

   Other Assets                                                                  8,109,000                  9,012,000
                                                                             -------------              -------------

   Total Assets                                                              $ 595,489,000              $ 531,844,000
                                                                             =============              =============


LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY

   Current Liabilities:
       Short-term bank loans                                                 $  23,000,000              $   8,250,000
       Current portion of long-term debt                                           545,000                    535,000
       Accounts payable                                                         49,585,000                 43,690,000
       Accrued liabilities                                                      53,257,000                 44,000,000
                                                                             -------------              -------------

              Total current liabilities                                        126,387,000                 96,475,000

   Long-Term Debt - Less current portion                                         2,495,000                  3,040,000

   Other Noncurrent Liabilities                                                  7,290,000                  6,800,000

   Deferred Income Taxes                                                        11,514,000                 10,046,000

   Shareholders' Equity:
       Preferred stock - authorized 3,050,000 shares issuable in series;
          Class A - $1.00 par value, authorized 750,000 shares;
          Class B and C - no par value, authorized 1,150,000 shares each;
          outstanding - none
       Common stock - authorized 75,000,000 shares; issued
          March 31, 2001 - no par value - 47,233,968 shares;
          June 30, 2000 - no par value - 47,152,852 shares                      54,158,000                 52,115,000

       Retained earnings                                                       674,095,000                622,660,000

       Accumulated other comprehensive income                                      107,000                    115,000
                                                                             -------------              -------------

              Total                                                            728,360,000                674,890,000

       Less:
          Common stock in treasury, at cost March 31, 2001 -
          9,966,813 shares; June 30, 2000 - 9,190,435 shares                   280,557,000                259,407,000
                                                                             -------------              -------------

              Total shareholders' equity                                       447,803,000                415,483,000
                                                                             -------------              -------------

   Total Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity                                $ 595,489,000              $ 531,844,000
                                                                             =============              =============

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

</TABLE>


                                     3 of 9
<PAGE>   4

                  LANCASTER COLONY CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

                   CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

                                   (UNAUDITED)

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
                                                    Three Months Ended                         Nine Months Ended
                                                         March 31                                  March 31
                                                  2001               2000                   2001            2000
                                           ------------------  -----------------     -----------------   --------------
<S>                                                 <C>                <C>                  <C>               <C>

Net Sales                                  $   272,270,000     $  261,833,000        $  848,202,000      $  845,024,000

Cost of Sales                                  196,166,000        184,241,000           605,836,000         588,913,000
                                           ---------------     --------------        --------------      --------------

Gross Margin                                    76,104,000         77,592,000           242,366,000         256,111,000

Selling, General and
   Administrative Expenses                      44,150,000         44,982,000           126,929,000         132,049,000
                                           ---------------     --------------        --------------      --------------

Operating Income                                31,954,000         32,610,000           115,437,000         124,062,000

Other Income (Expense):
      Interest expense                            (116,000)          (245,000)           (1,029,000)         (1,503,000)
      Interest income and other - net             (324,000)           187,000              (396,000)            (35,000)
                                           ---------------     --------------        --------------      --------------

Income Before Income Taxes                      31,514,000         32,552,000           114,012,000         122,524,000

Taxes Based on Income                           12,061,000         12,450,000            43,724,000          46,729,000
                                           ---------------     --------------        --------------      --------------

Net Income                                 $    19,453,000     $   20,102,000        $   70,288,000      $   75,795,000
                                           ===============     ==============        ==============      ==============

Net Income Per Common Share:
      Basic                                        $   .52            $   .51               $  1.86            $   1.90
      Diluted                                      $   .52            $   .51               $  1.86            $   1.90

Cash Dividends Per Common Share                    $   .17            $   .16               $   .50            $    .47

Weighted Average Common Shares
   Outstanding:
      Basic                                     37,603,000         39,360,000            37,735,000          39,855,000
      Diluted                                   37,620,000         39,410,000            37,746,000          39,926,000


See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

</TABLE>


                                     4 of 9

<PAGE>   5

                  LANCASTER COLONY CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

                 CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

                                   (UNAUDITED)

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>

                                                                                          Nine Months Ended
                                                                                              March 31
                                                                                      2001                 2000
                                                                                -----------------    ----------------
<S>                                                                                    <C>                 <C>

CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
    Net income                                                                  $    70,288,000      $     75,795,000
    Adjustments to reconcile net income to net
        cash provided by operating activities:
        Depreciation and amortization                                                26,511,000            25,589,000
        Provision for losses on accounts receivable                                   1,487,000             5,334,000
        Deferred income taxes and other noncash charges                                 202,000            (2,317,000)
        (Gain) Loss on sale of property                                                (411,000)              120,000
        Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
             Receivables                                                            (13,296,000)           (6,828,000)
             Inventories                                                                101,000             2,806,000
             Prepaid expenses and other current assets                                 (552,000)           (1,933,000)
             Accounts payable                                                         4,363,000            (1,507,000)
             Accrued liabilities                                                      8,638,000            (4,189,000)
                                                                                ---------------      ------------------

        Net cash provided by operating activities                                    97,331,000            92,870,000
                                                                                ---------------      ------------------

CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
    Cash paid for acquisitions, net of cash acquired                                (49,626,000)
    Payments on property additions                                                  (17,682,000)          (18,628,000)
    Proceeds from sale of property                                                      750,000                33,000
    Other - net                                                                      (2,204,000)           (2,814,000)
                                                                                ---------------      ------------------

        Net cash used in investing activities                                       (68,762,000)          (21,409,000)
                                                                                ---------------      ------------------

CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
    Purchase of treasury stock                                                      (21,150,000)          (44,964,000)
    Payment of dividends                                                            (18,853,000)          (18,687,000)
    Net change in short-term bank loans                                              14,750,000
    Payments on long-term debt, including acquisition
        debt payoff                                                                    (836,000)          (25,520,000)
    Common stock issued upon exercise of stock options                                2,043,000             1,039,000
                                                                                ---------------      ------------------

        Net cash used in financing activities                                       (24,046,000)          (88,132,000)
                                                                                ---------------      ------------------

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash                                                  (8,000)               (2,000)
                                                                                ---------------      ------------------
Net change in cash and equivalents                                                    4,515,000           (16,673,000)
Cash and equivalents at beginning of year                                             2,656,000            18,860,000
                                                                                ---------------      ------------------
Cash and equivalents at end of period                                           $     7,171,000      $      2,187,000
                                                                                ===============      ==================

SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF OPERATING CASH FLOWS:

    Cash paid during the period for:

        Interest                                                                $     1,043,000      $      2,433,000
                                                                                ===============      ================
        Income taxes                                                            $    44,393,000      $     55,682,000
                                                                                ===============      ================


See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
</TABLE>



                                        5 of 9

<PAGE>   6

                  LANCASTER COLONY CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
              NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
                  FOR THE PERIODS ENDED MARCH 31, 2001 AND 2000



(1)      The interim condensed consolidated financial statements are unaudited
         but, in the opinion of management, reflect all adjustments necessary
         for a fair presentation of the results of operations and financial
         position for such periods. All such adjustments reflected in the
         interim condensed consolidated financial statements are considered to
         be of a normal recurring nature. The results of operations for any
         interim period are not necessarily indicative of results for the full
         year. Accordingly, these financial statements should be read in
         conjunction with the financial statements and notes thereto contained
         in the Company's annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended June 30,
         2000.

(2)      Comparative third quarter and year-to-date unaudited results by
         segment are as follows:




<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
                                                        Three Months Ended                   Nine Months Ended
                                                             March 31                            March 31
             (Dollars in Thousands)                   2001              2000              2001               2000
             -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S>                                                   <C>                <C>              <C>                <C>

             NET SALES
                 Specialty Foods                   $   133,026       $   116,992       $   400,196       $   360,665
                 Glassware and Candles                  76,931            74,245           268,329           291,821
                 Automotive                             62,313            70,596           179,677           192,538
             -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                           Total                   $   272,270       $   261,833       $   848,202       $   845,024
             =======================================================================================================

             OPERATING INCOME
                 Specialty Foods                   $    22,716       $    14,356       $    77,746       $    57,931
                 Glassware and Candles                  10,528            15,900            41,157            64,677
                 Automotive                                180             3,686             1,108             5,770
                 Corporate expenses                     (1,470)           (1,332)           (4,574)           (4,316)
             --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                           Total                   $    31,954       $    32,610       $   115,437       $   124,062
             ========================================================================================================

</TABLE>

(3)      In May 2000, the Emerging Issues Task Force ("EITF") of the Financial
         Accounting Standards Board reached a consensus on Issue 00-14
         "Accounting for Certain Sales Incentives." The EITF concluded that
         certain consumer and trade sales promotion expenses should be
         classified as a reduction of sales rather than as marketing expenses.
         Similar to many consumer packaged goods companies, the Company
         currently classifies certain consumer and trade sales promotion
         expenses as marketing expenses. In September 2000, the EITF also
         reached a final consensus on Issue 00-10 "Accounting for Shipping and
         Handling Costs." The EITF concluded that these costs cannot be reported
         as a reduction of revenue. The Company currently classifies certain
         shipping costs as a reduction of sales. The Company is currently
         evaluating the impact of these issues, which are expected to become
         effective in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2001. Upon adoption, prior
         period amounts will be reclassified to conform to the new requirements.
         As reclassifications, these changes will not have an effect on the
         Company's financial position or earnings.

         In September 2000, the EITF issued EITF 00-22, "Accounting for Points
         and Certain Other Time-Based or Volume-Based Sales Incentive Offers,
         and Offers for Free Products or Services to Be Delivered in the
         Future." EITF 00-22 addresses, among other issues, how a vendor should
         account for an offer to a customer to rebate or refund a specified
         amount of cash that is redeemable only if a customer completes a
         specified cumulative level of revenue transactions or remains a
         customer for a specified time period. At the January 2001 meeting, the
         Task Force reached a consensus on this Issue (Issue #3) that a vendor
         should recognize a cash rebate or refund obligation as a reduction of
         revenue based upon a systematic and rational allocation of the cost of
         honoring rebates or refunds earned and claimed to each of the
         underlying revenue transactions. The consensus on this Issue is
         effective for interim or annual periods ending after February 15, 2001,
         thus the Company adopted this guidance during the quarter ended March
         31, 2001. As required, certain current year and prior year amounts have
         been reclassified from selling expenses to a reduction in net sales for
         the three- and nine-month periods presented.


                                            6 of 9
<PAGE>   7

                  LANCASTER COLONY CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
                   MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF THE
                  RESULTS OF OPERATIONS AND FINANCIAL CONDITION
                  FOR THE PERIODS ENDED MARCH 31, 2001 AND 2000

                              RESULTS OF OPERATIONS


<TABLE>
<CAPTION>

                                            Three Months Ended                   Nine Months Ended
                                                 March 31                            March 31
(Dollars in Thousands)                    2001              2000              2001              2000
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S>                                       <C>               <C>               <C>               <C>

NET SALES
     Specialty Foods                   $   133,026      $   116,992        $   400,196      $   360,665
     Glassware and Candles                  76,931           74,245            268,329          291,821
     Automotive                             62,313           70,596            179,677          192,538
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                  Total                $   272,270      $   261,833        $   848,202      $   845,024
=======================================================================================================
</TABLE>

As reflected above, consolidated net sales of $272,270,000 for the fiscal third
quarter ended March 31, 2001 increased 4% over the comparable prior year total
of $261,833,000. For the nine-month period ended March 31, 2001, net sales
totaled $848,202,000 or slightly above the prior year total of $845,024,000.

For both periods presented, net sales of the Specialty Foods segment achieved
notable sales increases benefiting from the September 2000 acquisition of the
Sister Schubert's frozen roll product lines as well as through continued
expansion of both retail and foodservice volumes. Retail growth benefited from
increased sales of frozen bread products while foodservice growth was achieved
through increased sales to large national restaurant chains. Increasing 4% for
the third quarter, net sales of $76,931,000 for the Glassware and Candles
segment improved primarily as a result of increased candle sales for several new
product introductions and general growth in consumer glassware sales. Net sales
for the nine months ended March 31, 2001 of $268,329,000 decreased 8% from the
prior year as adversely affected by several factors including a general market
softness, increased import competition and the effects of a significant customer
of this segment restructuring its approach toward marketing candles. Net sales
of the Automotive segment declined for both the three- and nine-month periods by
12% and 7%, respectively. Generally less favorable economic conditions and lower
new vehicle sales adversely affected demand for this segment's products from
both original equipment manufacturers and aftermarket customers.

The Company's consolidated gross margins as a percentage of net sales of 28.0%
and 28.6% declined for both the respective three- and nine-month periods ended
March 31, 2001 relative to the 29.6% and 30.3% achieved for the comparable
periods of fiscal 2000. Food margins increased slightly as a result of the
benefits of higher sales volumes and somewhat lower food commodity costs. The
Company's other two segments experienced a decline in gross margins. The
Automotive segment saw a less favorable sales mix, somewhat higher raw material
prices and lower sales volumes that contributed to reduced absorption rates of
fixed costs. Margins for the nine months were also negatively impacted by
start-up costs associated with a new line of original equipment aluminum truck
accessories. The decision to exit certain lower margin floor mat business also
led to additional inventory reserves being provided in the current year's third
quarter. Lower margins within the Glassware and Candles segment were primarily
attributable to a generally lower mix of candle sales within the segment, some
market-driven pricing deterioration as well as less favorable overhead
absorption within candle operations due to the lower production volume.
Glassware margins were also adversely affected by substantially higher natural
gas costs and, for the nine-month period, by the effects of certain operational
inefficiencies at the Sapulpa, Oklahoma consumer glassware facility and first
quarter start-up costs associated with a new pressed glassware product line.
Entering the quarter ended June 30, 2001, natural gas costs continue to remain
higher than levels present a year ago.

Consolidated selling, general and administrative costs of $44,150,000 and
$126,929,000 decreased 2% and 4%, respectively, from the corresponding fiscal
2000 three- and nine-month totals of $44,982,000 and $132,049,000. This decline
was influenced by a charge of approximately $5 million in the prior year's third
quarter related to the bankruptcy of a Specialty Foods customer. However,
selling costs in the current year's


                                     7 of 9

<PAGE>   8

third quarter otherwise increased as influenced by increased sales, greater
promotional costs within the Specialty Foods segment and an overall higher mix
of Specialty Food sales within consolidated sales.

The foregoing factors contributed to consolidated operating income totaling
$31,954,000 and $115,437,000 for the three- and nine-month periods ended March
31, 2001. These amounts represented decreases of 2% and 7%, respectively, over
the corresponding fiscal 2000 totals of $32,610,000 and $124,062,000. By
segment, the Company's operating income can be summarized as follows:

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>

                                                     Three Months Ended                   Nine Months Ended
                                                          March 31                            March 31
(Dollars in Thousands)                             2001              2000              2001              2000
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S>                                                <C>                <C>              <C>              <C>

  OPERATING INCOME
       Specialty Foods                          $    22,716       $  14,356         $    77,746        $  57,931
       Glassware and Candles                         10,528          15,900              41,157           64,677
       Automotive                                       180           3,686               1,108            5,770
       Corporate expenses                            (1,470)         (1,332)             (4,574)          (4,316)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                 Total                          $    31,954       $  32,610         $   115,437        $ 124,062
================================================================================================================

</TABLE>

Similar to operating income, net income of $19,453,000 and $70,288,000 for the
three- and nine-month periods ended March 31, 2001 declined 3% and 7% over the
corresponding totals of fiscal 2000. As influenced by the Company's share
repurchases, fully diluted earnings per share of $.52 for the three-month period
increased 2% from the preceding year's $.51 per share. For the nine months ended
March 31, 2001, earnings per share of $1.86 declined 2% compared to the
preceding year's comparable total of $1.90.

While net income and earnings per share were not affected, certain current year
and prior year amounts have been reclassified from selling expenses to a
reduction in net sales in order to conform with the recent consensus reached by
the EITF on EITF 00-22, Issue 3.

                               FINANCIAL CONDITION

Net cash provided by operating activities for the nine months ended March 31,
2001 totaled $97,331,000, which is $4,461,000 greater than the $92,870,000
provided in the nine months ended March 31, 2000. This fluctuation in cash flows
primarily resulted from the extent of relative year-over-year changes in various
working capital components.

Significant investment activities for the first nine months included a combined
total of $49,626,000 paid for the Sister Schubert's (acquired in September 2000)
and Mamma Bella (acquired in March 2001) businesses, net of cash acquired. The
purchase price of Sister Schubert's is ultimately subject to further adjustment
based largely on the future level of Sister Schubert's earnings, as defined,
that will be attained through calendar 2004. Financing activities for the nine
months ended March 31, 2001 included $21,150,000 expended for share repurchases
and $18,853,000 for dividends paid. The level of dividends paid in the current
period remained essentially unchanged from that paid in the comparable prior
year period, as the share reduction resulting from share repurchases largely
offset the impact of the quarterly $.01 per share increase in the effective
dividend rate. Approximately 2,635,000 shares remained authorized for future
buyback at March 31, 2001.

In February 2001, the Company entered into an unsecured revolving credit
facility with a group of several commercial banks. The facility provides up to
$125,000,000 in credit availability, expires in February 2004 and contains
certain representations, warranties, covenants and conditions customary to
credit facilities of this nature. Under terms of the agreement, certain
financial ratios influence the extent of the Company's all-in borrowing costs,
including interest and ongoing facility fees. This facility largely replaced
discretionary commercial bank credit lines that were previously made available.
Management believes that cash provided from operations and the currently
available bank credit arrangements should be adequate to meet the Company's
foreseeable cash requirements over the remainder of fiscal 2001.


                                     8 of 9

<PAGE>   9

                                    SAFE HARBOR STATEMENT
                UNDER THE PRIVATE SECURITIES LITIGATION REFORM ACT OF 1995:

           This  Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements related to future
           growth and earnings opportunities. Such statements are based upon
           certain assumptions and assessments made by management of the Company
           in light of its experience and perception of historical trends,
           current conditions, expected future developments and other factors it
           believes to be appropriate. Actual results may differ as a result of
           factors over which the Company has no control including the strength
           of the economy, slower than anticipated sales growth, the extent of
           operational efficiencies achieved, the success of new product
           introductions, price and product competition, and increases in raw
           materials costs. Management believes these forward-looking statements
           to be reasonable; however, undue reliance should not be placed on
           such statements, which are based on current expectations. The Company
           undertakes no obligation to publicly update such forward-looking
           statements. More detailed statements regarding significant events
           which could affect the Company's financial results are included in
           the Company's Forms 10-K and 10-Q filed with the Securities and
           Exchange Commission.

                           PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 6 - EXHIBITS AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K

         (a)   Exhibits

               4.3   Credit Agreement dated as of February 13, 2001 among
                     Lancaster Colony Corporation, The Lenders and Bank One, NA,
                     as Agent (filed herewith)

         (b)   Reports on Form 8-K

               There were no reports filed on Form 8-K for the three months
ended March 31, 2001.

                                   SIGNATURES

         Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934,
the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the
undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

                                              LANCASTER COLONY CORPORATION


Date:     May 10, 2001                      BY:  /S/John B. Gerlach, Jr.
     -------------------------------             ------------------------
                                                 JOHN B. GERLACH, JR.
                                                 Chairman, Chief Executive
                                                 Officer and President

Date:     May 10, 2001                      BY:  /S/John L. Boylan
     -------------------------------             ------------------
                                                 JOHN L. BOYLAN
                                                 Treasurer, Vice President,
                                                 Assistant Secretary and
                                                 Chief Financial Officer
                                                 (Principal Financial and
                                                 Accounting Officer)

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