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Chlorine dioxide																				Related Pages
										May 1994
Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH)
**CAS number:** 10049–04–4
**NIOSH REL:** 0.1 ppm (0.3 mg/m3) TWA, 0.3 ppm (0.9 mg/m3) STEL
**Current OSHA PEL:** 0.1 ppm (0.3 mg/m3) TWA
**1989 OSHA PEL:** 0.1 ppm (0.3 mg/m3) TWA, 0.3 ppm (0.9 mg/m3) STEL
**1993-1994 ACGIH TLV:** 0.1 ppm (0.28 mg/m3) TWA, 0.3 ppm (0.83 mg/m3) STEL
**Description of Substance:** Yellow to red gas or a red-brown liquid (below 52 F) with an unpleasant odor similar to chlorine and nitric acid.
**LEL:** . . Unknown
**Original (SCP) IDLH:** 10 ppm
**Basis for original (SCP): IDLH** AIHA [1958] reported that rats exposed repeatedly to about 10 ppm for 4 hours daily died, whereas those exposed to about 0.1 ppm, 5 hours daily for 10 weeks, showed no detectable effects [Dalhamn 1957]. AIHA [1958] also reported that animals survived 2-hour exposures to 20 ppm, though some species exhibited symptoms [Gloemme and Lundgren 1957]. Elkins [1950] stated that 5 ppm is definitely irritating and 2 cases of illness (1 fatal) resulted from exposure to less than 19 ppm. AIHA [1958] reported that delayed deaths occur in animals after single exposures to 150 to 200 ppm for less than 1 hour [Gloemme and Lundgren 1957]. Based on the data cited above, an IDLH of 10 ppm is chosen.
**Short-term exposure guidelines** None developed
**ACUTE TOXICITY DATA**
**Lethal concentration data:**

**Species**
    **Reference**
    **LC50** **(ppm)**
    **LCLo** **(ppm)**
    **Time**
    **Adjusted 0.5-hr** **LC (CF)**
    **Derived** **value**Rat
    Dalhamn 1957
    -----
    260
    2 hr
    416 ppm (1.6)
    42 ppm
 **Lethal dose data:**
 
 **Species**
    **Reference**
    **Route**
    **LD50** **(mg/kg)**
    **LDLo** **(mg/kg)**
    **Adjusted LD**
    **Derived value**Rat
    Abdel-Rahman et al. 1982
    oral
    292
    -----
    729 ppm
    73 ppm
 **Human data:** It has been reported that 5 ppm is definitely irritating and that 19 ppm caused the death of one worker inside a tank (time of exposure was not specified) [Elkins 1950].
 
 **Revised IDLH:** 5 ppm **Basis for revised IDLH:** The revised IDLH is 5 ppm based on acute inhalation toxicity data in humans [Elkins 1950].
**REFERENCES:**
1. Abdel-Rahman MS, Gerges SE, Alliger H [1982]. Toxicity of alcide. J Appl Toxicol *2*(3):160-164.
2. AIHA [1958]. Chlorine dioxide. In: Hygienic guide series. Am Ind Hyg Assoc J *19*:261-262.
3. Dalhamn T [1957]. Chlorine dioxide: toxicity in animal experiments and industrial risks. AMA Arch Ind Health *15*(2):101-107.
4. Elkins HB [1950]. Chlorine dioxide, ClO2. In: The chemistry of industrial toxicology. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., pp. 87-88.
5. Gloemme J, Lundgren KD [1957]. Health hazards from chlorine dioxide. AMA Arch Ind Health *16*:169-176.

			
							
								Page last reviewed:  December 4, 2014						Content
							source: 	National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health NIOSH Publications & Products
Immediately Dangerous To Life or Health (IDLH) Values
Table of IDLH Values
Criteria for Determining IDLH Values
Historical Documentation
Original (SCP) Values
Abbreviations for IDLH Documentation
Abbreviations for Journal Titles Follow NIOSH Facebook
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