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Diphenyl																				Related Pages
										May 1994
Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH)
**CAS number:** 92–52–4
**NIOSH REL:** 1 mg/m3 (0.2 ppm) TWA
**Current OSHA PEL:** 1 mg/m3 (0.2 ppm) TWA
**1989 OSHA PEL:** Same as current PEL
**1993-1994 ACGIH TLV:** 1.3 mg/m3 (0.2 ppm) TWA
**Description of Substance:** Colorless to pale-yellow solid with a pleasant, characteristic odor.
**LEL**(@232 F): 0.6% (10% LEL(@232 F), 5,000 mg/m3)
**Original (SCP) IDLH:** 300 mg/m3
**Basis for original (SCP) IDLH:** The chosen IDLH is based on the following statements by Hakkinen et al. [1973]: “one fatal case of liver necrosis with some areas of cirrhosis occurred in a worker who had been regularly exposed to concentrations of vapor of approximately 100 mg/m3. Other workers with repeated exposure to concentrations greater than 5 mg/m3 had gastrointestinal symptoms as well as polyneuritic complaints, with abnormalities of both the electroencephalogram and electromyogram. Some showed hepatic damage detected by liver function tests and biopsy.”
**Short-term exposure guidelines:** None developed
**ACUTE TOXICITY DATA**
**Lethal dose data:**

**Species**
    **Reference**
    **Route**
    **LD50** **(mg/kg)**
    **LDLo** **(mg/kg)**
    **Adjusted LD**
    **Derived value**Rabbit RatMouseRat
    Deichmann et al. 1947 Deichmann et al. 1947Isshiki et al. 1983Monsanto 1986
    oral oraloraloral
    2,400 3,2801,9002,400
    ----- ---------------
    16,800 mg/m322,960 mg/m313,300 mg/m316,800 mg/m3
    1,680 mg/m32,296 mg/m31,330 mg/m31,680 mg/m3
 **Human data:** It has been reported that one fatal case of liver necrosis with some areas of cirrhosis occurred in a worker who had been regularly exposed to vapor concentrations of approximately 100 mg/m3 [Hakkinen et al. 1973]. Other workers with repeated exposure to concentrations greater than 5 mg/m3 had gastrointestinal symptoms as well as polyneuritic complaints, with abnormalities of both the electroencephalogram and electromyogram [Hakkinen et al. 1973]. Some workers showed hepatic damage detected by liver function tests and biopsy [Hakkinen et al. 1973]. Workers exposed to concentrations ranging from 4.4 to 128 mg/m3 complained of the strong odor and irritation of the throat and eyes [Hakkinen et al. 1973].
 
 **Revised IDLH:** 100 mg/m3**Basis for revised IDLH:** The revised IDLH for diphenyl is 100 mg/m3 based on acute and chronic inhalation toxicity data in workers [Hakkinen et al. 1973].
**REFERENCES:**
1. Deichmann WB, Kitzmiller KV, Dierker M, Witherup S [1947]. Observations on the effects of diphenyl, o- and p-aminodiphenyl, o- and p-nitrodiphenyl, and dehydroxyoctachlorodiphenyl upon experimental animals. J Ind Hyg Toxicol *29*:1-3.
2. Hakkinen I, Siltanen E, Hernberg S, Seppalainen AM, Karli P, Vikkula E [1973]. Diphenyl poisoning in fruit paper production. Arch Environ Health *26*:70-74.
3. Isshiki K, Miyata K, Matsui S, Tsutsumi M, Watanabe T [1983]. Effects of post-harvest fungicides and piperonyl butoxide on the acute toxicity of pesticides in mice. Shokuhin Eiseigaku Zasshi (Food Hygiene Journal) *24*(3):268-274 (in Japanese).
4. Monsanto [1986]. Material safety data sheet: biphenyl (MSDS No. 000092524). St. Louis, MO: Monsanto Company, p. 3.

			
							
								Page last reviewed:  December 4, 2014						Content
							source: 	National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health NIOSH Publications & Products
Immediately Dangerous To Life or Health (IDLH) Values
Table of IDLH Values
Criteria for Determining IDLH Values
Historical Documentation
Original (SCP) Values
Abbreviations for IDLH Documentation
Abbreviations for Journal Titles Follow NIOSH Facebook
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