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Propylene dichloride																				Related Pages
										May 1994
Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH)
**CAS number:** 78–87–5
**NIOSH REL:** None established; NIOSH considers propylene dichloride to be a potential occupational carcinogen as defined by the OSHA carcinogen policy [29 CFR 1990].
**Current OSHA PEL:** 75 ppm (350 mg/m3) TWA
**1989 OSHA PEL:** 75 ppm (350 mg/m3) TWA, 110 ppm (510 mg/m3) STEL
**1993-1994 ACGIH TLV:** 75 ppm (347 mg/m3) TWA, 110 ppm (508 mg/m3) STEL
**Description of substance:** Colorless liquid with a chloroform-like odor.
**LEL** :. . 3.4% (10% LEL, 3,400 ppm)
**Original (SCP) IDLH:** 2,000 ppm
**Basis for original (SCP) IDLH:** The chosen IDLH is based on the rat 4-hour LC50 of 2,000 ppm [Carpenter et al. 1949 cited by Spector 1956].
**Short-term exposure guidelines:** None developed
**ACUTE TOXICITY DATA:**
**Lethal concentration data:**

**Species**
    **Reference**
    **LC50 (ppm)**
    **LCLo (ppm)**
    **Time**
    **Adjusted 0.5-hr LC (CF)**
    **Derived value**Rat MouseRat
    Carpenter et al. 1949 Clayton & Clayton 1981Pozzani et al. 1959
    2,000 7202,980
    ----- ----------
    4 hr 10 hr8 hr
    4,000 ppm (2.0) 1,944 ppm (2.7)7,450 ppm (2.5)
    400 ppm 194 ppm745 ppm**Lethal dose data:**
 
 **Species**
    **Reference**
    **Route**
    **LD50 (mg/kg)**
    **LDLo (mg/kg)**
    **Adjusted LD**
    **Derived value**Mouse RatG. pig
    Marhold 1986 Pozzani et al. 1959Sine 1993
    oral oraloral
    860 1,9472,000
    ----- ----------
    1,281 ppm 2,900 ppm3,111 ppm
    128 ppm 290 ppm311 ppm**Other animal data:** Animals exposed to 400 ppm for 7 hours per day, 5 days per week for 128 to 140 exposures had no histologic changes [Heppel et al. 1948].
 **Human data:** None relevant for use in determining the revised IDLH.
 
 **Revised IDLH:** 400 ppm **Basis for revised IDLH:** The revised IDLH for propylene dichloride is 400 ppm based on inhalation toxicity data in animals [Carpenter et al. 1949; Heppel et al. 1948]. [Note: NIOSH recommends as part of its carcinogen policy that the "most protective" respirators be worn for propylene dichloride at any detectable concentration.]**REFERENCES:**
1. Carpenter CP, Smyth HF Jr, Pozzani UC [1949]. The assay of acute vapor toxicity, and the grading and interpretation of results on 96 chemical compounds. J Ind Hyg Toxicol *31*(6):343-346.
2. Clayton GD, Clayton FE, eds. [1981]. Patty’s industrial hygiene and toxicology. 3rd rev. ed. Vol. 2B. Toxicology. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., pp. 3529-3532.
3. Heppel LA, Highman B, Peake EG [1948]. Toxicology of 1,2-dichloropropane (propylene dichloride). IV. Effects of repeated exposures to a low concentration of the vapor. J Ind Hyg Toxicol *30*:189-191.
4. Marhold J [1986]. Prehled Prumyslove Toxikologie, Organicke Latky. Prague, Czechoslovakia: Avicenum, p. 98 (in Czechoslovakian).
5. Pozzani UC, Weil CS, Carpenter CP [1959]. The toxicological basis of threshold limit values: 5. The experimental inhalation of vapor mixtures by rats, with notes upon the relationship between single dose oral data. Am Ind Hyg Assoc J *20*:364-369.
6. Sine C, ed. [1993]. Propylene dichloride. In: Farm chemicals handbook ’93, p. C284.
7. Spector WS, ed. [1956]. Handbook of toxicology. Vol. I. Acute toxicities. Philadelphia, PA: W.B. Saunders Company, pp. 332-333.

			
							
								Page last reviewed:  December 4, 2014						Content
							source: 	National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health NIOSH Publications & Products
Immediately Dangerous To Life or Health (IDLH) Values
Table of IDLH Values
Criteria for Determining IDLH Values
Historical Documentation
Original (SCP) Values
Abbreviations for IDLH Documentation
Abbreviations for Journal Titles Follow NIOSH Facebook
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