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Pyrethrum																				Related Pages
										May 1994
Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH)
**CAS number:** 8003–34–7
**NIOSH REL:** 5 mg/m3 TWA
**Current OSHA PEL:** 5 mg/m3 TWA
**1989 OSHA PEL:** Same as current PEL
**1993-1994 ACGIH TLV:** 5 mg/m3 TWA
**Description of substance:** Brown, viscous oil or solid.
**LEL** :. . Unknown
**Original (SCP) IDLH:** 5,000 mg/m3
**Basis for original (SCP) IDLH:** The chosen IDLH has been estimated from the rat oral LD50 of 820 mg/kg [Carpenter et al. 1950 cited by ACGIH 1971]. In addition, ACGIH [1971] reported that rats experienced moderate lung congestion when exposed for 30 minutes to 6,000 mg/m3 pyrethrum in peanut oil [Carpenter et al. 1950].
**Short-term exposure guidelines:** None developed
**ACUTE TOXICITY DATA:**
**Lethal dose data:**

**Species**
    **Reference**
    **Route**
    **LD50** **(mg/kg)**
    **LDLo** **(mg/kg)**
    **Adjusted LD**
    **Derived value**Rat
    Carpenter et al. 1950
    oral
    820
    -----
    5,740 mg/m3
    574 mg/m3Rat
    Hayes 1982
    oral
    200-1,870
    -----
    1,400-13,090 mg/m3
    140-1,309 mg/m3Rat
    Malone & Brown 1968
    oral
    273- 796
    -----
    1,911- 5,572 mg/m3
    191- 557 mg/m3Mouse
    Miyamoto 1976
    oral
    370
    -----
    2,590 mg/m3
    259 mg/m3G. pig
    Shimkin & Anderson 1936
    oral
    -----
    1,000
    7,000 mg/m3
    700 mg/m3**Other animal data:** It has been reported that rats experienced moderate lung congestion when exposed for 30 minutes to 6,000 mg/m3 pyrethrum in peanut oil [Carpenter et al. 1950].
 **Human data:** It has been estimated that the fatal human dose might be between 1 and 2 g/kg [Gosselin et al. 1984; Lehman 1949]. [Note: An oral dose of 1 to 2 g/kg is equivalent to a 70-kg worker being exposed to about 47,000 to 93,000 mg/m3 for 30 minutes, assuming a breathing rate of 50 liters per minute and 100% absorption.]
 
 **Revised IDLH:** 5,000 mg/m3 [Unchanged] **Basis for revised IDLH:** No inhalation toxicity data are available on which to base an IDLH for pyrethrum. Therefore, based on acute oral toxicity data in humans [Gosselin et al. 1984; Lehman 1949], the original IDLH for pyrethrum (5,000 mg/m3) is not being revised at this time.**REFERENCES:**
1. ACGIH [1971]. Pyrethrum. In: Documentation of the threshold limit values for substances in workroom air. 3rd ed. Cincinnati, OH: American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, pp. 219-220.
2. Carpenter CP, Weil CS, Pozzani UC, Smyth HF Jr [1950]. Comparative acute and subacute toxicities of allethrin and pyrethrins. AMA Arch Ind Hyg Occup Med *2*:420-432.
3. Gosselin RE, Smith HP, Hodge HC [1984]. Clinical toxicology of commercial products. 5th ed. Section III. Therapeutics Index. Baltimore, MD: Williams & Wilkins Company, pp. 352-355.
4. Hayes WJ Jr [1982]. Pesticides studied in man. Baltimore, MD: Williams & Wilkins Company, pp. 75-80.
5. Lehman AJ [1949]. Pharmacological considerations of insecticides. Q Bulletin Assoc Food Drug Off U.S. *13*(2):65-70.
6. Malone JC, Brown NC [1968]. Toxicity of various grades of pyrethrum to laboratory animals. Pyrethrum Post *9*:3-8.
7. Miyamoto J [1976]. Degradation, metabolism and toxicity of synthetic pyrethroids. Environ Health Perspect *14*:15-28.
8. Shimkin MB, Anderson HH [1936]. Acute toxicities of rotenone and mixed pyrethrins in mammals. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med *34*:135-138.

			
							
								Page last reviewed:  December 4, 2014						Content
							source: 	National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health NIOSH Publications & Products
Immediately Dangerous To Life or Health (IDLH) Values
Table of IDLH Values
Criteria for Determining IDLH Values
Historical Documentation
Original (SCP) Values
Abbreviations for IDLH Documentation
Abbreviations for Journal Titles Follow NIOSH Facebook
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