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Chloropicrin																				Related Pages
										May 1994
Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH)
**CAS number:** 76–06–2
**NIOSH REL:** 0.1 ppm (0.7 mg/m3) TWA
**Current OSHA PEL:** 0.1 ppm (0.7 mg/m3) TWA
**1989 OSHA PEL:** Same as current PEL
**1993-1994 ACGIH TLV:** 0.1 ppm (0.67 mg/m3) TWA
**Description of Substance:** Colorless to faint-yellow, oily liquid with an intensely irritating odor.
**LEL:** . . Noncombustible Liquid
**Original (SCP) IDLH:** 4 ppm
**Basis for original (SCP) IDLH:** The chosen IDLH is based on the statement by Flury and Zernik [1931] cited in ACGIH [1971] and Patty [1963], and by Prentiss [1937] cited in ILO [1971] that a few seconds exposure to 4 ppm renders a man unfit for action. According to Patty [1963], a 10-minute exposure to 7.5 ppm is intolerable [Flury and Zernik 1931; Prentiss 1937]; therefore, a concentration this high might impede escape within 30 minutes.
**Short-term exposure guidelines:** None developed
**ACUTE TOXICITY DATA**
**Lethal concentration data:**

**Species**
    **Reference**
    **LC50** **(ppm)**
    **LCLo** **(ppm)**
    **Time**
    **Adjusted 0.5-hr** **LC (CF)**
    **Derived** **value**Human MouseCatMouseRatRat
    Deichmann and Gerarde 1969 Okada et al. 1970Ritlop 1939Sangyo Igaku 1973Sine 1993Yoshida et al. 1991
    ----- ----------9.711714.4
    293 340117---------------
    10 min 1 min20 min4 hr20 min4 hr
    202 ppm (0.69) 109 ppm (0.32)102 ppm (0.87)19 ppm (2.0)102 ppm (0.87)29 ppm (2.0)
    20 ppm 11 ppm10 ppm2 ppm10 ppm3 ppm
 **Other animal data:** RD50 (mouse), 7.98 ppm [Alarie 1981].
 **Other human data:** It has been reported that 4 ppm for a few seconds renders a worker unfit for activity and that a 10-minute exposure to 7.5 ppm is intolerable [Flury and Zernik 1931].
 
 **Revised IDLH:** 2 ppm **Basis for revised IDLH:** The revised IDLH for chloropicrin is 2 ppm based on acute inhalation toxicity data in workers [Flury and Zernik 1931] and animals [Sangyo Igaku 1973].
**REFERENCES:**
1. ACGIH [1971]. Chloropicrin. In: Documentation of the threshold limit values for substances in workroom air. 3rd ed. Cincinnati, OH: American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, p. 54.
2. Alarie Y [1981]. Dose-response analysis in animal studies: prediction of human responses. Environ Health Perspect *42*:9-13.
3. Deichmann WB, Gerarde HW [1969]. Chloropicrin (trichloronitromethane; nitrochloroform; picfume). In: Toxicology of drugs and chemicals. New York, NY: Academic Press, Inc., pp. 169-170.
4. Flury F, Zernik F [1931]. Schädliche gase dämpfe, nebel, rauch- und staubarten. Berlin, Germany: Verlag von Julius Springer, pp. 418-419 (in German).
5. ILO [1971]. Chloropicrin. In: Encyclopaedia of occupational health and safety. 2nd ed. Vol. I (A-K). Geneva, Switzerland: International Labour Office, p. 294.
6. Okada E, et al. [1970]. A study of chloropicrin intoxication. Nippon Naika Gakkai Zasshi (Journal of the Japanese Society of Internal Medicine) *59*(11):1214 (in Japanese). [From ACGIH [1971]. Chloropicrin. In: Documentation of the threshold limit values for substances in workroom air. 3rd ed. Cincinnati, OH: American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, p. 54.]
7. Patty FA, ed. [1963]. Industrial hygiene and toxicology. 2nd rev. ed. Vol. II. Toxicology. New York, NY: Interscience Publishers, Inc., pp. 2082-2083.
8. Prentiss AM [1937]. Chemicals in war. A treatise on chemical warfare. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc., p. 140.
9. Ritlop B [1939]. Das todlicehkeitsprodukt des chlorpikrins. Zeit Ges Exp Med *106*:296-302 (in German).
10. Sangyo Igaku (Japanese Journal of Industrial Health) [1973]. Inhalation toxicity of phosgene and trichloronitromethane (chloropicrin). *15*:406-407 (in Japanese).
11. Sine C, ed. [1993]. Chloropicrin. In: Farm chemicals handbook ’93, p. C78.
12. Yoshida M, Murao N, Tsuda S, Shirasu Y [1991]. Effects of mode of exposure on acute inhalation toxicity of chloropicrin vapor in rats. Nippon Noyaku Gakkaishi (Journal of the Pesticide Science Society of Japan) *16*:63-69.

			
							
								Page last reviewed:  December 4, 2014						Content
							source: 	National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health NIOSH Publications & Products
Immediately Dangerous To Life or Health (IDLH) Values
Table of IDLH Values
Criteria for Determining IDLH Values
Historical Documentation
Original (SCP) Values
Abbreviations for IDLH Documentation
Abbreviations for Journal Titles Follow NIOSH Facebook
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