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Crotonaldehyde																				Related Pages
										May 1994
Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH)
**CAS number:** 123-73–9 (trans–isomer)
**NIOSH REL:** 2 ppm (6 mg/m3) TWA
**Current OSHA PEL:** 2 ppm (6 mg/m3) TWA
**1989 OSHA PEL:** Same as current PEL
**1993-1994 ACGIH TLV:** 2 ppm (5.7 mg/m3) TWA
**Description of Substance:** Water-white liquid with a suffocating odor.
**LEL:** . . 2.1% (10% LEL, 2,100 ppm)
**Original (SCP) IDLH:** 400 ppm
**Basis for original (SCP) IDLH:** The chosen IDLH is based on the report by Rinehart [1967] that a 1-hour exposure of 400 ppm is a lethal concentration for rats.
**Short-term exposure guidelines:** None developed
**ACUTE TOXICITY DATA**
**Lethal concentration data:**

**Species**
    **Reference**
    **LC50** **(ppm)**
    **LCLo** **(ppm)**
    **Time**
    **Adjusted 0.5-hr** **LC (CF*)**
    **Derived** **value**Rat RatRatMouseRat
    Rinehart 1967 Rinehart 1967Skog 1950ten Berge et al. 1986Trofimov 1962
    600 -----1,3755191,500
    ----- 400---------------
    30 min 1 hr30 min2 hr30 min
    600 ppm (1.0) 712 ppm (1.78)1,375 ppm (1.0)1,647 ppm (3.17)1,500 ppm (1.0)
    60 ppm 71 ppm138 ppm165 ppm150 ppm
 *Note: Conversion factor (CF) was determined with "n" = 1.2 [ten Berge et al. 1986].
 **Other animal data:** RD50 (mouse), 3.53 - 4.88 ppm [Steinhagen and Barrow 1984].
 **Human data:** Exposure to 4.1 ppm for 15 minutes was highly irritating to the nose and upper respiratory tract and produced lacrimation in 30 seconds [Sim and Pattle 1957]. In another study, exposures to 45 ppm proved very disagreeable after a few seconds, with conjunctival irritation evident [Rinehart 1967].
 
 **Revised IDLH:** 50 ppm **Basis for revised IDLH:** The revised IDLH for crotonaldehyde is 50 ppm based on acute inhalation toxicity data in humans [Rinehart 1967] and animals [Rinehart 1967].
**REFERENCES:**
1. Rinehart WE [1967]. The effect on rats of single exposures to crotonaldehyde vapor. Am Ind Hyg Assoc J *28*:561-566.
2. Sim VM, Pattle RE [1957]. Effect of possible smog irritants in human subjects. JAMA *165*:1908-1957.
3. Skog E [1950]. A toxicological investigation of lower aliphatic aldehydes. I. Toxicity of formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde and butyraldehyde; as well as of acrolein and crotonaldehyde. Acta Pharmacol Toxicol *6*:299-318.
4. Steinhagen WH, Barrow CS [1984]. Sensory irritation structure-activity study of inhaled aldehydes in B6C3F1 and Swiss-Webster mice. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol *72*:495-503.
5. ten Berge WF, Zwart A, Appelman LM [1986]. Concentration-time mortality response relationship of irritant and systematically acting vapours and gases. J Haz Mat *13*:301-309.
6. Trofimov LV [1962]. Comparative toxic action of crotonaldehyde and butyraldehyde. Gig Tr Prof Zabol *6*(9):34-40 (in Russian).

			
							
								Page last reviewed:  December 4, 2014						Content
							source: 	National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health NIOSH Publications & Products
Immediately Dangerous To Life or Health (IDLH) Values
Table of IDLH Values
Criteria for Determining IDLH Values
Historical Documentation
Original (SCP) Values
Abbreviations for IDLH Documentation
Abbreviations for Journal Titles Follow NIOSH Facebook
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