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Substitution and Engineering Controls						Print
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										**Substitution: Replace the Hazard**
Substitution is replacing something that produces a hazard (similar to elimination) with something that does not produce a hazard.
Examples include:
Using non-toxic or less toxic chemicals
Upgrading aging equipment and devices with newer equipment or devices
Replacing latex gloves with non-latex glovesHospital sharps container with lid open.Photo by Getty Images
**Engineering Controls: Isolate People from the Hazard**
Engineering controls are designed to control the hazard at the source before it comes in contact with the worker through isolation or enclosure of the process. They are often an integral part of the device or equipment (built-in feature).
Examples include:
General dilution ventilation and local exhaust ventilation
Safety engineered devices: needleless device systems, scalpels, lancets
Equipment guards/shields/lids
Rubber dam/sheath placed around tooth/teeth to minimize droplet and aerosols in dentistry; high volume evacuations
Sharps containers
Closed-system drug transfer devices (CSTDs)
Replacing manual cleaning of instruments with automated cleaning washers
Scavenging systems, fume hoods, biological safety cabinets (BSC) for hazardous drug preparation and transfer, air purification
Anesthetic gas scavenger systems
Patient liftsPreviousNext
							
					
							Last Reviewed:  April 28, 2022						Source: 	National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
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        Syndicate homeSafety Culture in Healthcare Settings
Training Informationplus icon
Introduction
Module 1: Safety Cultureplus icon
Why a Culture of Safety is Important
The Sociotechnical Model
Definition Examples of Safety Culture and Overlap with Safety Climate
Key Attributes and Joint Benefits of Safety Culture
Common Features of Positive Healthcare Worker Safety Culture
General Measurable Elements of a Safety Culture
Tools to Measure Safety Culture and Climate
A Snapshot of Safety Culture in U.S. Hospitals
References
Quiz 1Module 2: Work-Related Risks and Hazardsplus icon
Biological Hazardsplus icon
Chain of Infection Components
Risk Factors of Biological Agents and Unsafe Practices
Chemical Hazards
Enviromechanical Hazards
Physical Hazards
Psychosocial Hazards
Hazard Assessment/Determination
Case Study
References
Quiz 2Module 3: Prevention and Control of Work-Related Injury and Illnessplus icon
Hierarchy of Controls
Elimination: Physically Remove the Hazard
Substitution and Engineering Controls
Administrative Controls: Change the Way People Work
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): Protect the Worker with PPE
Donning and Doffing PPE: Proper Wearing, Removal, and Disposal
References
Quiz 3Module 4: Leadership and Safe Work Environmentsplus icon
Commitment to Workplace Safety as High Priority and Through Role Modeling
Policies and Procedures and Safe Patient Handling
Hazard Analysis and Safe Staffing Workloads
State-of-the-Art Training and Handling Patients
Engage Healthcare Worker Champions and Observe Work
Transparency, Training, and Staff Safety Rounds
References
Quiz 4Module 5: Legal-Ethical Considerations to Promote Safe Working Conditionsplus icon
The Occupational Safety and Health Act and OSHA Standards
OSHA Healthcare Standards
OSHA Hazard Communication Standard and OSHA Guidelines
What Workers Can Do
Ethics and Healthcare Worker Exposure Considerations
Ethical Principles
References
Quiz 5Safety Culture in Healthcare Settings: Resources Follow NIOSH Facebook
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