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Octane																				Related Pages
										May 1994
Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH)
**CAS number:** 111–65–9
**NIOSH REL:** 75 ppm (350 mg/m3) TWA,
385 ppm (1,800 mg/m3) 15-minute CEILING
**Current OSHA PEL:** 500 ppm (2,350 mg/m3) TWA
**1989 OSHA PEL:** 300 ppm (1,450 mg/m3) TWA, 375 ppm (1,800 mg/m3) STEL
**1993-1994 ACGIH TLV:** 300 ppm (1,400 mg/m3) TWA, 375 ppm (1,750 mg/m3) STEL
**Description of substance:** Colorless liquid with a gasoline-like odor.
**LEL:** . . 1.0% (10% LEL, 1,000 ppm)
**Original (SCP) IDLH:** 5,000 ppm
**Basis for original (SCP) IDLH:** Because no human exposure data are available for octane, the chosen IDLH is based on an analogy with heptane which has an IDLH of 5,000 ppm.
**Short-term exposure guidelines:** None developed
**ACUTE TOXICITY DATA:**
**Lethal dose data:**

**Species**
    **Reference**
    **Route**
    **LD50 (mg/kg)**
    **LDLo (mg/kg)**
    **Adjusted LD**
    **Derived value**Mouse
    Jeppsson 1975
    i.v.
    -----
    428
    631 ppm
    63 ppm**Other animal data:** Narcosis resulted in mice exposed for 0.5 to 1.5 hours to 6,600 to 13,700 ppm [Fuhner 1921]. Respiratory arrest occurred in 1 of 4 mice within 5 minutes at 16,000 ppm and in 4 of 4 mice within 3 minutes at 32,000 ppm [Swann et al. 1974].
 **Human data:** The narcotic concentration has been estimated to be either 8,000 ppm [Flury and Zernik 1931] or 10,000 ppm [Patty and Yant 1929]. The fatal concentration has been estimated to be 13,500 ppm [Flury and Zernik 1931].
 
 **Revised IDLH:** 1,000 ppm [LEL] **Basis for revised IDLH:** Based on health considerations and acute inhalation toxicity data in humans [Flury and Zernik 1931; Patty and Yant 1929], a value of about 3,000 ppm would have been appropriate for octane. However, the revised IDLH for octane is 1,000 ppm based strictly on safety considerations (i.e., being 10% of the lower explosive limit of 1%).**REFERENCES:**
1. Flury F, Zernik F [1931]. Schädliche gase dämpfe, nebel, rauch- und staubarten. Berlin, Germany: Verlag von Julius Springer, pp. 257-264 (in German).
2. Fuhner H [1921]. The narcotic effect of gasoline and its components (pentane, hexane, heptane, octane). Biochemische Zeitschrift *115*:235-261 (in German).
3. Jeppsson R [1975]. Parabolic relationship between lipophilicity and biological activity of aliphatic hydrocarbons, ethers and ketones after intravenous injections of emulsion formulations into mice. Acta Pharmacol Toxicol *37*:56-64.
4. Patty FA, Yant WP [1929]. Odor intensity and symptoms produced by commercial propane, butane, pentane, hexane, and heptane vapor. Pittsburgh, PA: U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Mines, Bureau of Mines Report, Investigation No. 2979.
5. Swann HE, Kwon BK, Hogan GK, Snellings WM [1974]. Acute inhalation toxicology of volatile hydrocarbons. Am Ind Hyg Assoc J *35*:511-518.

			
							
								Page last reviewed:  December 4, 2014						Content
							source: 	National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health NIOSH Publications & Products
Immediately Dangerous To Life or Health (IDLH) Values
Table of IDLH Values
Criteria for Determining IDLH Values
Historical Documentation
Original (SCP) Values
Abbreviations for IDLH Documentation
Abbreviations for Journal Titles Follow NIOSH Facebook
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