# Patent

## Title
Secure remote actuation system

## Abstract

A secure remote actuation system may comprise a central signal switch and a remote input receptor. The central signal switch may comprise one or more acceptable inputs. The remote input receptor may comprise a user interface for receiving one or more user inputs from a user. The remote input receptor may further comprise a microcontroller for obtaining and comparing the acceptable inputs to the user inputs. In the present invention, the microcontroller obtains the one or more acceptable inputs from the central signal switch after the user begins to use the user interface.

## Background
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates generally to remote actuation systems comprising devices capable of performing remote operations. Examples of typical remote actuation systems include thermostats, which may control heating and cooling devices from a remote location, and garage door openers, which may provide remote access to secured areas. The remote portions of such devices commonly require a portable power source, such as a battery or photovoltaic cell. It is also typical of such devices to comprise communications means, such as a radio frequency transceiver, to receive and/or relay information.
For example U.S. Pat. No. 8,331,544 to Kraus et al., which is incorporated herein for all that it discloses, describes a system that remotely operates a door lock. The door lock may be powered by a battery and be configured to send and receive radio frequency signals as part of a mesh network. In such a mesh network, each connected device acts as a communication node that can send and receive packets of information to any other device in the network. The door lock may further comprise a memory module where individual user codes are stored and a logic module to compare user codes to input codes at the door to allow access decisions to be made at the door without transmissions.
Such systems typically require continuing communications over a network that may cause rapid consumption of power. Thus, various attempts have been made to conserve power in such systems. For example, U.S. Pat. No. 4,614,945 to Brunius, et al., which is incorporated herein for all that it discloses, describes communicating information between a plurality of instrument monitoring units to a remotely located data collection unit. The monitoring units are radio frequency transponder circuits that are operatively connected to one or more instruments whose parameters are being monitored. The transponders continuously monitor one or more parameters of the instrument(s) with which they are associated. The transponders collect and accumulate parameter information and/or data from their associated instruments and continually listen for a “wake-up” signal from a interrogate receiver/data collection unit.
Despite these advances in the art, improved means of conserving power in remote actuation systems is desirable.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
A secure remote actuation system may comprise a central signal switch and a remote input receptor. The central signal switch may comprise one or more acceptable inputs. The remote input receptor may comprise a user interface for receiving one or more user inputs from a user. The remote input receptor may further comprise a microcontroller for obtaining and comparing the acceptable inputs to the user inputs. In the present invention, the microcontroller obtains the one or more acceptable inputs from the central signal switch after the user begins to use the user interface.
The remote input receptor may also comprise an internal memory unit. The internal memory unit may store acceptable inputs, user inputs, a history of user inputs or various input parameters. The input receptor may additionally comprise at least one communication device, such as a radio frequency transceiver, for receiving and sending the acceptable inputs or user inputs. The remote input receptor may furthermore comprise a portable power source, such as a battery or solar panel.
The remote input receptor may be capable of executing a low power function after it compares the acceptable inputs to the user inputs, wherein power is cut from unneeded subsystems and reduced in others until reactivated. The remote input receptor may exit the low power function when the user begins to use the user interface or when a surveillance device, forming part of the remote input receptor, detects a user. The surveillance device may comprise a camera, a microphone, a proximity sensor, or a combination thereof.
The user interface may comprise buttons, a visual display, one or more capacitive sensors, a microphone, a vibration recognition module, a proximity sensor, a fingerprint scanner, a retina scanner, or a voice recognition module, or a combination thereof as a means for receiving acceptable inputs from a user.
The remote input receptor and/or the central signal switch may comprise data connection ports. Such data connection ports may be disposed in an interior of either the remote input receptor or the central signal switch.
The central signal switch may be connected to a network for receiving the acceptable inputs. Such a network may comprise a software application for a user to control the acceptable inputs at the central signal switch. The central signal switch further comprises an internal memory unit for storing acceptable inputs, a history of acceptable inputs, or input parameters.
The central signal switch may be connected to and control one or more actionable devices such as a thermostat, a television, an automated window, automated blinds, a ventilation system, a sprinkler system, a lighting element, an indoor positioning system, or an access control device. The access control device may be an electromechanical locking mechanism or a garage door opener that may secure an enclosed area, room, building, or delivery box.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIGS. 1a, 1b and 1c show perspective views of an embodiment of a remote input receptor comprising a user interface, a portion of a user, and a signal switch.
FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of elements of an embodiment of a remote secure access system associated with an enclosed area.
FIG. 3a shows a perspective view of an embodiment of a remote input receptor.
FIG. 3b shows a partially cutaway perspective view of an interior of the remote input receptor shown in FIG. 3a comprising a plurality of components supported by a printed circuit board disposed therein.
FIG. 4 shows a partially cutaway perspective view of an interior of an embodiment of a central signal switch comprising a plurality of components supported by a printed circuit board disposed therein.



DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 1a shows an embodiment of an input receptor 100a, a central signal switch 110a, and a user 120a. The input receptor 100a may comprise a user interface 101a for receiving one or more user inputs from the user 120a. The user interface 101a shown comprises one or more buttons 102a. Such user interfaces may also comprise a visual display, one or more capacitive sensors, a microphone, a vibration recognition module, a proximity sensor, a fingerprint scanner, a retina scanner, a voice recognition module, or other known interfacing means.
FIG. 1b shows an embodiment of a user 120b entering one or more user inputs into an input receptor 100b by pressing at least one button 102b on a user interface 101b. When the user 120b begins to use the user interface 101b, the input receptor 100b may receive a permission signal 130b from a central signal switch 110b. 
FIG. 1c shows an embodiment of a user 120c after entering one or more user inputs into a user interface 101c by pressing at least one button 102c. At this point, an input receptor 100c may send an actuation signal 140c to a central signal switch 110c. The actuation signal 140c may direct the central signal switch 110c to perform some operation.
FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of an enclosed area 250 comprising an access barrier 260, such as a door, for blocking or allowing access to the enclosed area 250. The access barrier 260 may comprise an actionable device 270, such as a door lock or a garage door motor, for permitting or denying access to the enclosed area 250. A central signal switch 210 may be connected to the actionable device 270, wherein the central signal switch 210 may be capable of actuating the actionable device 270.
An input receptor 200 capable of receiving one or more user inputs may be disposed in, near, or on an exterior 251 of the enclosed area 250. The input receptor 200 may be connected to the central signal switch 210 via a wireless connection 290. As a user begins supplying a user input to the input receptor 200, the central signal switch 210 may send a list of acceptable inputs to the input receptor 200 over the wireless connection 290. If the user input is found to be acceptable at the input receptor 200, such as being one of the acceptable inputs received, the input receptor 200 may send an actuation signal to the central signal switch 210 over the wireless connection 290 indicating that the central signal switch 210 should perform a given operation, such as opening or closing the access barrier 260, or engaging or disengaging a door lock.
The central signal switch 210 may also be connected to a network 2000, such as a local area network or the Internet. The central signal switch 210 may receive digital data through the network 2000 from one or more electronic devices 2100 also connected to the network 2000. In the embodiment shown, the one or more electronic devices 2100 comprises a smartphone, however, other embodiments may comprise a laptop or desktop computer, a tablet, or other devices capable of communicating over such a network. The one or more electronic devices 2100 may comprise a software application for management of the central signal switch 210, including creating, deleting, or editing one or more acceptable inputs.
Additionally, the software application may be used to create, delete, or edit one or more input parameters. Such input parameters may be used to determine one or more conditions upon which an actuation system may operate. For example, input parameters may include a time window during which the input receptor 200 may send an actuation signal to the central signal switch 210, a limitation on which one or more user inputs may be supplied to gain access to the secure area 250, or a limitation on how many times one or more user inputs may be used for sending an actuation signal to the central signal switch 210.
FIGS. 3a and 3b show a perspective view and a partially-cutaway perspective view, respectively, of an embodiment of an input receptor 300b comprising an interface 301a and an interior 306b with a plurality of components supported by a printed circuit board 309b disposed therein.
The printed circuit board 309b may support a microcontroller 311b, an internal memory unit 302b, and a communication device 303b. A user may begin using the input receptor 300b by supplying a user input to the interface 301a. After this occurs, the microcontroller 311b may obtain a list of acceptable inputs from a central signal switch (not shown) via the communication device 303b and store them in the internal memory unit 302b. After a user has supplied one or more user inputs to the interface 301a, the microcontroller 311b may compare the user input to the acceptable inputs. If the user input corresponds to one or more of the acceptable inputs, then the input receptor 300b may transmit an actuation signal to the central signal switch.
The communication device 303b may comprise a radio frequency transceiver or other known communication apparatus. The communication device 303b may communicate at a sub 1-GHz frequency. It may be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that communications at sub-1 GHz frequencies may be more capable of propagating through environmental obstacles, such as a plurality of walls in a residential home, than communications at frequencies higher than 1 GHz. It may therefore be desirable for said communication device 303b to transmit signals at a sub-1 GHz frequency. In some applications, it may be desirable to communicate at a 2.4 GHz or 5.8 GHz frequency to achieve compatibility with other devices, such as those that communicate using ZigBee, Z-Wave, Bluetooth, or Wi-Fi.
The input receptor 300b may be powered by a portable power source 304b, such as one or more galvanic or voltaic batteries, one or more solar cells, or other known means of portable power. The input receptor 300b may execute a low power function after a user has submitted a user input to the user interface 301a. Such a low power function may be executed for a predetermined amount of time or until a user starts to use the user interface 301a again. When the low power function is executed, the input receptor 300b may cut power from unneeded subsystems and reduce power in others until reactivated. This low power function, combined with not requiring continuous intermittent communication with the network, may enable the portable power source 304b of the input receptor 300b to last significantly longer than portable power sources of other known remote actuation systems.
The input receptor 300b may further comprise one or more surveillance devices 305b, such as a security camera, a microphone, a proximity sensor, or other known surveillance means. For example, a security camera may be disposed within the interior 306b of the input receptor 300b, with a lens of the camera extending through an exterior 307b of the input receptor 300b. The one or more security devices 305b may continuously gather and transmit information from an environment to a central signal switch as shown in FIG. 2. Additionally, the one or more surveillance devices 305b may trigger the input receptor 300b to exit the low power function when the one or more surveillance devices 305b detect a user.
The input receptor 300b may comprise one or more data connection ports 308b for interacting with firmware of the input receptor 300b, such as altering or updating the firmware, running system diagnostics, or managing acceptable inputs and/or input parameters. In some embodiments, such firmware functions may also be performed via a network. The one or more data connection ports 308b may be disposed on the interior 306b of the input receptor 300b to aid in preventing undesired access or accumulation of debris from the surrounding environment. The one or more data connection ports 308b may be able to be accessed by detaching a portion of the exterior 307b of the input receptor 300b. 
FIG. 4 shows an interior 406 of an embodiment of a central signal switch 410 with a plurality of components supported by a printed circuit board 409 disposed therein. An actionable device 470, shown as a garage door opener, may be connected to and controlled by the central signal switch 410.
The central signal switch 410 may comprise a microcontroller 411 and an internal memory unit 412 for obtaining and storing one or more acceptable inputs and/or input parameters. The central signal switch 410 may also comprise a communication device 413, such as a radio frequency transceiver, for transmitting the one or more acceptable inputs to an input receptor (not shown) after a user begins to enter one or more user inputs. The communication device 413 may also receive an actuation signal from the input receptor after the user has supplied one or more user inputs and those user inputs have been found to be acceptable. When the central signal switch 410 receives an actuation signal from an input receptor, the central signal switch 410 may send a command to the actionable device 470, a network, or a combination thereof, to perform an operation. The central signal switch 410 may further comprise a portable power source 404 to provide backup power in case of a power loss.
In various embodiments, an actionable device may comprise an access control device, such as an electromechanical door lock, a garage door motor, or another access restricting mechanism. Actuation of the access control device may comprise an opening of a door or an engagement or disengagement of a lock. In these embodiments, a user may gain access to a secure area by supplying inputs to an input receptor that match one or more acceptable inputs. In other embodiments, the actionable device may comprise a thermostat, a television, an automated window, automated blinds, a ventilation system, a sprinkler system, a lighting element, an indoor positioning system or other such devices known in the art.
The central signal switch 410 may further comprise at least one data connection port 408 for interacting with firmware of the central signal switch 410, such as altering or updating the firmware, running system diagnostics, or managing acceptable inputs and/or input parameters. The data connection port 408 may be disposed on an interior 406 of the central signal switch 410, to aid in preventing undesired access or accumulation of debris.
Whereas the present invention has been described in particular relation to the drawings attached hereto, it should be understood that other and further modifications apart from those shown or suggested herein, may be made within the scope and spirit of the present invention.

## Claims

1. A secure remote actuation system comprising:
a central signal switch disposed inside an enclosure, the central signal switch storing therein one or more acceptable user codes;
a remote input receptor disposed outside the enclosure and wirelessly connected to the central signal switch, the remote input receptor comprising:
a user interface that receives one or more user inputs from a user; and
a microcontroller that obtains and compares said one or more acceptable user codes to said one or more user inputs;

wherein the microcontroller obtains said one or more acceptable user codes from the central signal switch as the user begins to use the user interface.

2. The secure remote actuation system of claim 1, wherein the input receptor further comprises an internal memory unit that stores: said one or more acceptable user codes after receiving said user codes from the central signal switch; said one or more user inputs; a history of user inputs; one or more input parameters; or a combination thereof.

3. The secure remote actuation system of claim 1, wherein the remote input receptor further comprises one or more communication devices that receives and sends said one or more acceptable user codes or said one or more user inputs.

4. The secure remote actuation system of claim 3, wherein said one or more communication devices is a radio frequency transceiver.

5. The secure remote actuation system of claim 1, wherein the remote input receptor further comprises a portable power source.

6. The secure remote actuation system of claim 1, wherein the remote input receptor executes a low power function after said one or more acceptable user codes is compared to said one or more user inputs, and exits said low power function when the user begins to use the user interface.

7. The secure remote actuation system of claim 1, wherein the remote input receptor further comprises a surveillance device that detects the user.

8. The secure remote actuation system of claim 7, wherein the surveillance device comprises a camera, a microphone, a proximity sensor, or a combination thereof.

9. The secure remote actuation system of claim 7, wherein the remote input receptor executes a low power function after said one or more acceptable user codes is compared to said one or more user inputs, and exits said low power function when the surveillance device detects a user.

10. The secure remote actuation system of claim 1, wherein the user interface comprises buttons, a visual display, one or more capacitive sensors, a microphone, a vibration recognition module, a proximity sensor, a fingerprint scanner, a retina scanner, a voice recognition module, or a combination thereof.

11. The secure remote actuation system of claim 1, wherein the remote input receptor or the central signal switch, or both, comprise one or more data connection ports.

12. The secure remote actuation system of claim 11, wherein the one or more data connection ports is disposed in an interior of the remote input receptor or the central signal switch, or both.

13. The secure remote actuation system of claim 1, wherein the central signal switch is connected to a network through which the central signal switch receives said one or more acceptable user codes.

14. The secure remote actuation system of claim 13, wherein said network comprises a software application allowing an individual to control said one or more acceptable user codes at said central signal switch.

15. The secure remote actuation system of claim 1, wherein said central signal switch further comprises an internal memory unit for storing: said one or more acceptable inputs; a history of acceptable user codes; one or more input parameters; or a combination thereof.

16. The secure remote actuation system of claim 1, wherein said central signal switch is connected to and controls one or more actionable devices.

17. The secure remote actuation system of claim 16, wherein said one or more actionable devices is an access control device, a thermostat, a television, an automated window, automated blinds, a ventilation system, a sprinkler system, a lighting element, an indoor positioning system, or a combination thereof.

18. The secure remote actuation system of claim 17, wherein said access control device is an electromechanical locking mechanism.

19. The secure remote actuation system of claim 17, wherein said access control device is a garage door opener.

20. The secure remote actuation system of claim 17, wherein said access control device secures the enclosure, and wherein the enclosure comprises one or more of an enclosed area, room, building, or delivery box.