NOT FOR PUBLICATION

UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS

FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT

In re: UNITED PARCEL SERVICE, No. 11-56478

“AIR-IN-GROUND” MARKETING

AND SALES PRACTICES D.C. No. 2:10-ml-02153-GW-PJW

LITIGATION,

_________________________________

POCINO FOODS COMPANY;

ARAPAHOE HYUNDAI, LLC; MEMORANDUM*

 OWENS FINANCIAL GROUP, INC.;

DESIGNER IMPORTS 

INTERNATIONAL, INC.,

Plaintiffs - Appellants,

v.

UNITED PARCEL SERVICE, INC.;

UNITED PARCEL SERVICE CO., a

Delaware corporation, DBA United

Parcel Service Co. (Air); UNITED

PARCEL SERVICE GENERAL 

SERVICES CO., a Delaware 

corporation,

Defendants - Appellees.

On Appeal from the United States District Court

for the Central District of California

FILED

JUN 20 2014

MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK

U.S. COURT OF APPEALS

* This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent

except as provided by Ninth Circuit Rule 36-3.

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George H. Wu, District Judge, Presiding

Argued and Submitted

April 9, 2013—Pasadena, California

Before: REINHARDT and MURGUIA, Circuit Judges, and MOLLOY,

District Judge.**

In this appeal, we consider whether the district court properly dismissed

Plaintiffs’ claims in a multi-district litigation case without first making a choice-oflaw determination. Choice of law was neither discussed nor resolved at the district

court level and the shipping contract in question does not include a choice-of-law

provision or indicate which state law should govern. The four suits in this case

were filed in California, Colorado, and Georgia. The district court and the parties

proceeded on the assumption that California law applies.

In multi-district litigation, the district court must apply the choice-of-law

rules that govern in the forum from which each particular lawsuit was transferred

(i.e., in law of the state where the suit was filed). See Nucorp Energy Sec. Litig.,

772 F.2d 1486, 1492 (9th Cir. 1985); see also In re Colgate Palmolive Softsoap

Antibacterial Handsoap Mktg. & Sales Practices Litig., 2013 WL 1332097

(D.N.H. 2013) (noting the correct choice-of-law analysis and denying the

** The Honorable Donald W. Molloy, District Judge for the U.S. District

Court for the District of Montana, sitting by designation.

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defendant’s motion to dismiss without prejudice where neither party adequately

briefed the relevant choice of law principles); see also In re Cheerios Mktg. &

Sales Practices Litig., 2012 WL 3952069 (D.N.J. 2012) (undertaking a separate

choice of law analysis for each transferred case). The district court’s dismissal of

Plaintiffs’ claims cannot be reviewed in the absence of a determination of the

applicable state law, as it may be decisive of whether or not the district court’s

Rule 12(b)(6) dismissal was appropriate as to each of Plaintiffs’ claims. See, e.g.,

Northwest, Inc. v. Ginsberg, ___ U.S. ___, 134 S. Ct. 1422 (2014) (holding that the

applicable state law is determinative of whether or not a claim for breach of the

implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing is preempted by Federal law). 

Accordingly, the district court should have addressed choice of law and

conflict of law before making a determination on the merits of UPS’s dismissal

motions. Consequently, the case is remanded for choice-of-law and conflict-of-law

analysis on Plaintiffs’ claims, and once determined, if appropriate, for resolution

on the merits.

REMANDED. Each party shall bear its own costs on appeal.

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