United States Department of Labor

Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board

__________________________________________

C.M., Appellant

and

U.S. POSTAL SERVICE, PROCESSING AND 

DISTRIBUTION CENTER, Las Vegas, NV, 

Employer

__________________________________________

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Docket No. 22-0509

Issued: September 28, 2022

Appearances: Case Submitted on the Record

Appellant, pro se

Office of Solicitor, for the Director

DECISION AND ORDER

Before:

ALEC J. KOROMILAS, Chief Judge

JANICE B. ASKIN, Judge

JAMES D. MCGINLEY, Alternate Judge

JURISDICTION

On February 15, 2022 appellant filed a timely appeal from a September 7, 2021 merit 

decision and a February 7, 2022 nonmerit decision of the Office of Workers’ Compensation 

Programs (OWCP). Pursuant to the Federal Employees’ Compensation Act1(FECA) and 20 

C.F.R. §§ 501.2(c) and 501.3, the Board has jurisdiction over the merits of this case.

ISSUES

The issues are: (1) whether appellant has met her burden of proof to establish a traumatic 

injury in the performance of duty on May 17, 2021, as alleged; and (2) whether OWCP properly 

determined that appellant abandoned her request for an oral hearing before a representative of 

OWCP’s Branch of Hearings and Review.

1

5 U.S.C. § 8101 et seq.
2

FACTUAL HISTORY

On May 23, 2021 appellant, then a 33-year-old postal distribution clerk, filed a traumatic 

injury claim (Form CA-1) alleging that on May 17, 2021 she strained her left shoulder and chest 

wall as a result of “doing [her] assignment in front of automation” while in the performance of 

duty. She noted that she “[did] not know the moment of [her] injury.” Appellant stopped work 

on May 22, 2021.

In a May 22, 2021 report, Mary Kidwell, a physician assistant, indicated that appellant was 

evaluated for complaints of a left shoulder injury “from repetitive heavy lifting motion.” She noted 

a date of injury of May 17, 2021. Ms. Kidwell conducted an examination and diagnosed left 

shoulder strain and chest wall muscle strain.

Appellant submitted reports and work status notes dated May 22 through June 14, 2021, 

signed by Elsa Cuellar and Dr. Gregory Hoversten, an osteopath specializing in family medicine. 

Dr. Hoversten recounted appellant’s complaints of continued left shoulder pain and noted a 

May 17, 2021 injury date. He provided examination findings and diagnosed chest wall muscle 

strain and left shoulder strain.

Ms. Cuellar also completed duty status reports (Form CA-17) dated May 24 and 31 and 

June 14, 2021, which noted that appellant worked as a clerk. In response to the question about 

description of the injury, she indicated “reason unknown.”

In a report dated June 21, 2021, Dr. Joan Leaks, a family medicine specialist, indicated that 

appellant was evaluated for continued left shoulder pain. She reported left shoulder examination 

findings of tenderness in the subacromial bursa and full range of motion with pain. Dr. Leaks 

diagnosed chest wall muscle strain and left shoulder strain. She provided additional reports, work 

status notes, and CA-17 forms dated June 28 through July 27, 2021 regarding treatment of 

appellant’s left shoulder symptoms.

In a report and Form CA-17 dated July 6, 2021, Dr. Matthew Reardon, Board-certified in 

occupational medicine, noted that appellant’s injury occurred on May 17, 2021. He conducted an 

examination and diagnosed chest wall muscle strain and left shoulder strain. Dr. Reardon noted 

“reason unknown” regarding how the injury occurred.

In reports and work status notes dated July 13 through August 3, 2021, Conrado Ferrer, a 

certified physician assistant, evaluated appellant for continued left shoulder pain. He noted an 

injury date of May 17, 2021 and indicated that appellant was “performing functions of her job.”

Mr. Ferrer provided examination findings and diagnosed chest wall muscle strain and left shoulder 

strain.

In an August 5, 2021 development letter, OWCP informed appellant of the deficiencies of 

her claim. It advised her of the type of factual and medical evidence necessary to establish her 

claim and provided a questionnaire for her completion. OWCP afforded appellant 30 days to 

provide the necessary evidence.

In reports and Forms CA-17 dated August 10 and 17, 2021, Dr. Paul Reehal, Boardcertified in family medicine, noted a May 17, 2021 injury date and reported that appellant was at 
3

work when she developed left shoulder and chest wall pain. He indicated that appellant did not 

know of any specific event that triggered the pain, but noted that her work duties involved lifting 

heavy mail containers. Dr. Reehal conducted an examination and diagnosed left shoulder strain 

and chest wall muscle strain.

On August 27, 2021 OWCP received appellant’s response to its August 5, 2021 

development letter. Appellant indicated that she believed she sustained both an occupational and 

traumatic injury. She explained that she began to have pain in her left shoulder when she went 

home after her work shift and took pain medication. Appellant reported that when the pain 

continued, she went to urgent care on May 20, 2021 and was told that she had a rotator cuff issue.

Appellant submitted emergency room records dated May 20, 2021, cosigned by Clarke 

Lunt, a physician assistant, and Dr. Michael Hixson, Board-certified in emergency medicine. 

Dr. Hixson indicated that appellant presented in the emergency department for left shoulder pain

and recounted that she “did a strenuous job while she was working at the [employing 

establishment] when she did a lot of heavy lifting.” He diagnosed left shoulder pain.

In a separate claim form signed by appellant on May 22, 2021, she noted an injury date of 

May 17, 2021 and that she was employed by the employing establishment. She indicated that at 

the time of the injury she was “doing operation 481.”

By decision dated September 7, 2021, OWCP denied appellant’s claim, finding that the 

factual component of fact of injury had not been established. It concluded, therefore, that the 

requirements had not been met to establish an injury as defined by FECA.

Appellant subsequently submitted reports and work status notes dated August 25 and 

September 7, 2021 by Dr. Leaks who indicated that appellant was evaluated for follow up of her 

left shoulder. Dr. Leaks provided examination findings and diagnosed left shoulder strain, chest 

wall muscle strain, and internal derangement of the left shoulder.

On October 2, 2021 appellant requested an oral hearing before a representative of OWCP’s 

Branch of Hearings and Review and submitted additional medical evidence.

In a letter dated December 13, 2021, OWCP’s hearing representative advised appellant that 

a telephonic hearing would be held on January 27, 2022 at 3:00 p.m. Eastern Standard Time (EST). 

The hearing representative also provided appellant with a toll-free telephone number and passcode

to access the hearing. The hearing representative mailed the notice to appellant’s last known 

address of record. Appellant did not appear for the hearing by telephone at the appointed time and 

no request for postponement was made.

By decision dated February 7, 2022, OWCP found that appellant failed to appear at the 

telephonic hearing and abandoned her request. It noted that a hearing was scheduled to be 

conducted by telephone on January 27, 2022 and that she received written notification of the 

hearing 30 days in advance of the hearing. Next, OWCP indicated that appellant failed to appear 

for the hearing and there was no indication in the file that she contacted it either prior to or 

subsequent to the scheduled hearing to request a postponement or explain her failure to appear.
4

LEGAL PRECEDENT -- ISSUE 1

An employee seeking benefits under FECA2 has the burden of proof to establish the 

essential elements of his or her claim, including that the individual is an employee of the United 

States within the meaning of FECA, that the claim was timely filed within the applicable time 

limitation of FECA,3that an injury was sustained in the performance of duty, as alleged, and that 

any disability or medical condition for which compensation is claimed is causally related to the 

employment injury.4 These are the essential elements of each and every compensation claim, 

regardless of whether the claim is predicated upon a traumatic injury or an occupational disease.5

To determine whether a federal employee has sustained a traumatic injury in the 

performance of duty, OWCP must first determine whether fact of injury has been established.6 

There are two components involved in establishing fact of injury. First, the employee must submit 

sufficient evidence to establish that he or she actually experienced the employment incident at the 

time and place, and in the manner alleged. Second, the employee must submit evidence, in the 

form of probative medical evidence, to establish that the employment incident caused a personal 

injury.7 

An injury does not have to be confirmed by eyewitnesses in order to establish the fact that 

an employee sustained an injury in the performance of duty, but the employee’s statements must 

be consistent with the surrounding facts and circumstances and his or her subsequent course of 

action.8 The employee has not met his or her burden of proof of establishing the occurrence of an 

injury when there are such inconsistencies in the evidence as to cast serious doubt upon the validity 

of the claim.9 Such circumstances such as late notification of injury, lack of confirmation of injury, 

continuing to work without apparent difficulty following the alleged injury, and failure to obtain 

medical treatment may, if otherwise unexplained, cast serious doubt on an employee’s statement 

in determining whether a prima facie case has been established.10 An employee’s statement 

2

Supra note 1.

3 F.H., Docket No. 18-0869 (issued January 29, 2020); S.B., Docket No. 17-1779 (issued February 7, 2018); JoeD. 

Cameron, 41 ECAB 153 (1989). 

4 L.C., Docket No. 19-1301 (issued January 29, 2020); J.M., Docket No. 17-0284 (issued February 7, 2018); 

James E.Chadden, Sr., 40 ECAB 312 (1988).

5 P.A., Docket No. 18-0559 (issued January 29, 2020); K.M., Docket No. 15-1660 (issued September 16, 2016); 

L.M., Docket No. 13-1402 (issued February 7, 2014); DeloresC.Ellyett, 41 ECAB 992 (1990).

6 D.B., Docket No. 18-1348 (issued January 4, 2019); S.P., 59 ECAB 184 (2007).

7 T.H., Docket No. 19-0599 (issued January 28, 2020); B.M., Docket No. 17-0796 (issued July 5, 2018); David 

Apgar, 57 ECAB 137 (2005); John J. Carlone, 41 ECAB 354 (1989).

8

See J.M., Docket No. 19-1024 (issued October 18, 2019); M.F., Docket No. 18-1162 (issued April9, 2019).

9

S.A., Docket No. 19-0613 (issued August 22, 2019); Betty J. Smith, 54 ECAB 174 (2002).

10 L.D., Docket No. 16-0199 (issued March 8, 2016),Betty J. Smith, id. 
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alleging that an injury occurred at a given time and in a given manner is of great probative value 

and will stand unless refuted by strong or persuasive evidence.11

ANALYSIS -- ISSUE 1

The Board finds that appellant has not met her burden of proof to establish a traumatic 

injury in the performance of duty on May 17, 2021, as alleged.

Appellant filed a traumatic injury claim on June 1, 2021, wherein she alleged that she 

strained her left shoulder and chest wall as a result of “doing [her]assignment in front of 

automation.” She submitted a separate claim form signed on May 22, 2021, wherein she noted an 

injury date of May 17, 2021, and indicated that at the time of the injury she was “doing operation 

481.” In response to OWCP’s development letter, appellant further explained that she began to 

experience left shoulder pain when she went home after work. She indicated that she believed that 

she sustained both an occupational and traumatic injury claim. The Board finds, however, that 

appellant’s description of the traumatic injury is imprecise and vague and fails to establish that a 

traumatic incident occurred in the performance of duty as alleged. 12 Appellant provided no 

additional details or information sufficient to determine the circumstances surrounding her claimed 

injury on May 17, 2021.13 The Board has found that a vague recitation of the facts does not support 

an appellant’s allegation that a specific incident occurred, which caused a work-related injury.14 

OWCP also received medical reports dated May 20 through September 7, 2021. While the 

reports noted a May 17, 2021 injury date and indicate that appellant’s work duties involved heavy 

lifting, they provided no further description of how the alleged injury occurred. Accordingly, these 

reports are insufficient to establish the factual component of appellant’s claim.

15

As the evidence of record is insufficient to establish that the incident occurred as alleged, 

the Board finds that appellant has not met her burden of proof.

Appellant may submit new evidence or argument with a written request for reconsideration 

to OWCP within one year of this merit decision, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. § 8128(a) and 20 C.F.R. 

§§ 10.605 through 10.607.16

11 See J.B., Docket No. 19-1487 (issued January 14, 2020); W.C., Docket No. 18-1651 (issued March 7, 2019).

12 See M.E., Docket No. 21-1328 (issued April18, 2022).

13 See L.E., Docket No. 21-0847 (issued February 16, 2022); see also L.M., Docket No. 21-0109 (issued 

May 19, 2021). 

14 L.M., Docket No. 20-1592 (issued May 3, 2021); R.P., Docket No. 19-1233 (issued November 19, 2019); see

also K.S., Docket No. 17-2001 (issued March 9, 2018).

15 See M.E., Docket No. 20-1336 (issued July 2, 2021); S.Z., Docket No. 19-1125 (issued October 22, 2020).

16 To the extent that appellant is alleging an injury that occurred over more than one workday or work shift, she 

may file a Form CA-2 with OWCP.
6

LEGAL PRECEDENT -- ISSUE 2

Under FECA and its implementing regulations, a claimant who has received a final adverse 

decision by OWCP is entitled to receive a hearing by writing to the address specified in the 

decision within 30 days of the date of the decision for which a hearing is sought.17 Unless 

otherwise directed in writing by the claimant, OWCP’s hearing representative will mail a notice 

of the time and place of the hearing to the claimant and any representative at least 30 days before 

the scheduled date.18 OWCP has the burden of proof to establish that it properly mailed to a 

claimant and any representative of record a notice of scheduled hearing.

19

A claimant who fails to appear at a scheduled hearing may request in writing, within 10 

days after the date set for the hearing that another hearing be scheduled. Where good cause for 

failure to appear is shown, another hearing will be scheduled and conducted by teleconference. 20 

The failure of the claimant to request another hearing within 10 days, or the failure of the claimant 

to appear at the second scheduled hearing without good cause shown, shall constitute abandonment 

of the request for a hearing.21

ANALYSIS -- ISSUE 2

Following OWCP’s September 7, 2021 decision denying appellant’s traumatic injury 

claim, appellant filed a timely request for an oral hearing before a representative of OWCP’s 

Branch of Hearings and Review. In a December 13, 2021 letter, OWCP’s Branch of Hearings and 

Review notified her that it had scheduled a telephonic hearing for January 27, 2022 at 3:00 p.m. 

EST. OWCP mailed the notice to appellant’s last known address of record. The Board has held 

that absent evidence to the contrary, a letter properly addressed and mailed in the ordinary course 

of business is presumed to have been received. This is called the mailbox rule.22 Appellant failed 

to call in for the scheduled hearing using the provided telephone number. She did not request a 

postponement or provide an explanation to OWCP for failure to appear for the hearing within 10 

days of the scheduled hearing. As appellant failed to call in to the scheduled hearing or provide 

notification to OWCP’s Branch of Hearings and Review within 10 days of the scheduled hearing 

17 20 C.F.R. § 10.616(a).

18 Id. at § 10.617(b).

19 V.C., Docket No. 20-0798 (issued November 16, 2020); M.R., Docket No. 18-1643 (issued March 1, 2019); T.P., 

Docket No. 15-0806 (issued September 11, 2015); Michelle R. Littlejohn, 42 ECAB 463 (1991).

20 20 C.F.R. § 10.622(f).

21 Federal (FECA) Procedure Manual, Part 2 -- Claims, Hearings and Reviews of the Written Record, Chapter 

2.1601.6(g) (September 2020); see also K.H., Docket No. 20-1198 (issued February 8, 2021); A.J., Docket No. 18-

0830 (issued January 10, 2019).

22 E.G., Docket No. 20-1184 (issued March 1, 2021); C.Y., Docket No. 18-0263 (issued September 14, 2018).
7

explaining failure to appear, the Board finds that OWCP properly determined that she abandoned 

her request for an oral hearing.23

CONCLUSION

The Board finds that appellant has not met her burden of proof to establish a traumatic 

injury in the performance of duty on May 17, 2021, as alleged. The Board further finds that OWCP 

properly determined that she abandoned her request for an oral hearing.

ORDER

IT IS HEREBY ORDERED THAT the September 7, 2021 and February 7, 2022 

decisions of the Office of Workers’ Compensation Programs are affirmed.

Issued: September 28, 2022

Washington, DC

Alec J. Koromilas, Chief Judge

Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board

Janice B. Askin, Judge

Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board

James D. McGinley, Alternate Judge

Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board

23 See L.L., Docket No. 21-1194 (issued March 18, 2022); L.T., Docket No. 20-1539 (issued August 2, 2021).