Exhibit 4.1
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DESCRIPTION OF THE REGISTRANT’S SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12 OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
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The following description of DoubleVerify Holdings, Inc. (“DoubleVerify,” “we,” “us,” “our,” or the “Company”) capital stock is a summary of the material terms of our second amended and restated certificate of incorporation (the “amended and restated certificate of incorporation”) and amended and restated bylaws. Reference is made to the more detailed provisions of, and the descriptions are qualified in their entirety by reference to, these documents, which are each filed as exhibits to our Annual Report on Form 10-K, of which this Exhibit 4.1 is a part, and are incorporated herein by reference.
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General
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Our authorized capital stock currently consists of 1,000,000,000 shares of common stock, par value
$0.001 per share and 100,000,000 shares of undesignated preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share.
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Common Stock
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Holders of our common stock are entitled:
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		●	to cast one vote for each share held of record on all matters submitted to a vote of the stockholders;

		●	to receive, on a pro rata basis, dividends and distributions, if any, that our board of directors may declare out of legally available funds, subject to preferences that may be applicable to preferred stock, if any, then outstanding; and

		●	upon our liquidation, dissolution or winding-up, to share equally and ratably in any assets remaining after the payment of all debt and other liabilities, subject to the prior rights, if any, of holders of any outstanding shares of preferred stock.

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Our ability to pay dividends on our common stock is subject to the discretion of our board of directors.
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The holders of our common stock do not have any preemptive, cumulative voting, subscription, conversion, redemption or sinking fund rights. The common stock is not subject to future calls or assessments by us. The rights and privileges of holders of our common stock are subject to any series of preferred stock that we may issue in the future, as described below.
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Our common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “DV.”
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Preferred Stock
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Under our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, our board of directors has the authority, without further action by our stockholders, to issue up to 100,000,000 shares of preferred stock in one or more series and to fix the voting powers, designations, preferences and the relative participating, optional or other special rights and qualifications, limitations and restrictions of each series, including dividend rights, dividend rates, conversion rights, voting rights, terms of redemption, liquidation preferences and the number of shares constituting any series.
Because the board of directors has the power to establish the preferences and rights of the shares of any additional series of preferred stock, it may afford holders of any preferred stock preferences, powers and rights, including voting and dividend rights, senior to the rights of holders of our common stock, which could adversely affect the holders of the common stock and could delay, discourage or prevent a takeover of us even if a change of control of our company would be beneficial to the interests of our stockholders.
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Annual Stockholders Meeting
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Our amended and restated bylaws provide that annual stockholders meetings will be held at a date, time and place, if any, as exclusively selected by our board of directors. To the extent permitted under applicable law, we may conduct meetings by remote communications, including by webcast.
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Voting
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The affirmative vote of a plurality in voting power of the shares of our capital stock present, in person or by proxy, at the meeting and entitled to vote on the election of directors will decide the election of any directors, and the affirmative vote of a majority in voting power of the shares of  our capital stock present, in person or by proxy, at the meeting and entitled to vote at any annual or special meeting of stockholders will decide all other matters voted on by stockholders, unless the question is one upon which, by express provision of law, under our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, or under our amended and restated bylaws, a different vote is required, in which case such provision will control. Stockholders do not have the right to cumulate their votes for the election of directors.
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Board Designation Rights
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The Company is a party to a Stockholder’s Agreement, by and between DoubleVerify Holdings, Inc. and Providence VII U.S. Holdings L.P. (“Providence”), dated as of April 20, 2021 (the “Stockholder’s Agreement”). The Stockholder’s Agreement governs the relationship between Providence and us following our initial public offering (“IPO”), including matters related to our corporate governance, such as Board nomination rights and information rights. The Stockholder’s Agreement grants Providence the right to designate for nomination for election a number of nominees, whom we refer to as the “Providence Designees,” equal to: (i) at least a majority of the total number of directors comprising our board of directors at such time as long as Providence owns at least 50% of the outstanding shares of our common stock; (ii) at least 40% of the total number of directors comprising our board of directors at such time as long as Providence owns at least 40% but less than 50% of the outstanding shares of our common stock; (iii) at least 30% of the total number of directors comprising our board of directors at such time as long as Providence owns at least 30% but less than 40% of the outstanding shares of our common stock; (iv) at least 20% of the total number of directors comprising our board of directors at such time as long as Providence owns at least 20% but less than 30% of the outstanding shares of our common stock; and (v) at least 5% of the total number of directors comprising our board of directors at such time as long as Providence owns at least 5% but less than 20% of the outstanding shares of our common stock. For purposes of calculating the number of Providence Designees that Providence is entitled to nominate pursuant to the formula outlined above, any fractional amounts will be rounded to the nearest whole number (but not below one so long as Providence owns at least 5% of the outstanding shares of our common stock) and the calculation will be made on a pro forma basis after taking into account any increase in the size of our board of directors.
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Anti-Takeover Effects of Our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws
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The provisions of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws summarized below may have an anti-takeover effect and may delay, defer or prevent a tender offer or takeover attempt that you might consider in your best interest, including an attempt that might result in your receipt of a premium over the market price for your shares. These provisions are also designed, in part, to encourage persons seeking to acquire control of us to first negotiate with our board of directors, which could result in an improvement of their terms.
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Authorized but Unissued Shares of Common Stock.Our shares of authorized and unissued common stock are available for future issuance without additional stockholder approval. While our authorized and unissued shares are not designed to deter or prevent a change of control, under some circumstances we could use the additional shares to create voting impediments or to frustrate persons seeking to effect a takeover or otherwise gain control by, for example, issuing those shares in private placements to purchasers who might side with our board of directors in opposing a hostile takeover bid.
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Authorized but Unissued Shares of Preferred Stock.Under our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, our board of directors has the authority, without further action by our stockholders, to issue up to 100,000,000 shares of preferred stock in one or more series and to fix the voting powers, designations, preferences and the relative participating, optional or other special rights and qualifications, limitations and restrictions of each series, including dividend rights, dividend rates, conversion rights, voting rights, terms of redemption, liquidation
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preferences and the number of shares constituting any series. The existence of authorized but unissued preferred stock could reduce our attractiveness as a target for an unsolicited takeover bid since we could, for example, issue shares of preferred stock to parties who might oppose such a takeover bid or shares that contain terms the potential acquiror may find unattractive. This may have the effect of delaying or preventing a change of control, may discourage bids for the common stock at a premium over the market price of the common stock, and may adversely affect the market price of, and the voting and other rights of the holders of, our common stock.
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Classified Board of Directors. In accordance with the terms of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, our board of directors is divided into three classes, Class I, Class II and Class III, with members of each class serving staggered three-year terms. Under our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, our board of directors consists of such number of directors as may be determined from time to time by resolution of the board of directors, but in no event may the number of directors be less than one. Any additional directorships resulting from an increase in the number of directors will be distributed among the three classes so that, as nearly as possible, each class will consist of one-third of the directors. Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation also provides that any vacancy on our board of directors, including a vacancy resulting from an enlargement of our board of directors, may be filled only by the affirmative vote of a majority of our directors then in office, even if less than a quorum, or by a sole remaining director, subject to the Stockholder’s Agreement with respect to the director designation rights of Providence. Any director elected to fill a vacancy will hold office until such director’s successor shall have been duly elected and qualified or until such director’s earlier death, resignation or removal. Our classified board of directors could have the effect of delaying or discouraging an acquisition of us or a change in our management.
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Removal of Directors. Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation provides that directors may be removed with or without cause at any time upon the affirmative vote of holders of at least a majority in voting power of the outstanding shares of capital stock then entitled to vote at an election of directors until Providence ceases to beneficially own at least 40% of the outstanding shares of our common stock. Thereafter, our amended and restated certificate of incorporation provides that directors may be removed only for cause upon the affirmative vote of holders of at least 662∕3% in voting power of the outstanding shares of capital stock then entitled to vote at an election of directors.
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Special Meetings of Stockholders. Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation provides that a special meeting of stockholders may be called only by the Chairperson of our board of  directors, or if there is no Chairperson, then by our Chief Executive Officer, or by a resolution adopted by a majority of our board of directors. Special meetings may also be called by our corporate secretary at the request of the holders of at least a majority in voting power of the outstanding shares of our capital stock until Providence ceases to beneficially own at least 40% of the outstanding shares of our common stock. Thereafter, stockholders are not permitted to call a special meeting of stockholders.
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Stockholder Advance Notice Procedure. Our amended and restated bylaws establish an advance notice procedure for stockholders to make nominations of candidates for election as directors or to bring other business before an annual meeting of our stockholders. The amended and restated bylaws provide that any stockholder wishing to nominate persons for election as directors at, or bring other business before, an annual meeting must deliver to our corporate secretary a written notice of the stockholder’s intention to do so. These provisions may have the effect of precluding the conduct of certain business at a meeting if  the proper procedures are not followed. These provisions may also discourage or deter a potential acquirer from conducting a solicitation of proxies to elect the acquirer’s own slate of directors or otherwise attempting to obtain control of our company. To be timely, the stockholder’s notice must be delivered to our corporate secretary at our principal executive offices not less than 90 days nor more than 120 days before the first anniversary date of the annual meeting for the preceding year; provided, however, that in the event that the annual meeting is set for a date that is more than 30 days before or more than 70 days after the first anniversary date of the preceding year’s annual meeting, a stockholder’s notice must be delivered to our corporate secretary not earlier than 120 days prior to the meeting and not later than the later of (x) the close of business on the 90th day prior to the meeting or (y) the close of business on the 10th day following the day on which a public announcement of the date of the meeting is first made by us.
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No Stockholder Action by Written Consent.Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation provides that stockholder action may be taken only at an annual meeting or special meeting of stockholders; provided that
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stockholder action may be taken by written consent in lieu of a meeting until Providence ceases to beneficially own at least 40% of the outstanding shares of our common stock.
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Amendments to Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws. Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation provides that our amended and restated certificate of incorporation may be amended by both the affirmative vote of a majority of our board of directors and the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority in voting power of  the outstanding shares of  our capital stock then entitled to vote at any annual  or special meeting of stockholders; provided that, at any time when Providence beneficially owns less than 40% of the outstanding shares of our common stock, specified provisions of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation may not be amended, altered or repealed unless the amendment is approved by the affirmative vote of the holders of at least 662∕3% in voting power of the outstanding shares of our capital stock then entitled to vote at any annual or special meeting of stockholders, including the provisions governing:
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		●	liability and indemnification of directors;

		●	corporate opportunities;

		●	the ability of stockholders to act by written consent;

		●	the ability of stockholders to call a special meeting;

		●	removal of directors for cause; and

		●	our classified board of directors.

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In addition, our amended and restated bylaws may be amended, altered or repealed, or new bylaws   may be adopted, by the affirmative vote of a majority of  the board of  directors, or by the affirmative vote of our stockholders (x) as long as Providence beneficially owns at least 40% of the outstanding shares of our common stock, by at least a majority, and (y) thereafter, by at least 662∕3%, in voting power of the outstanding shares of our capital stock then entitled to vote at any annual or special meeting of stockholders.
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These provisions make it more difficult for any person to remove or amend any provisions in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws that may have an anti- takeover effect.
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Delaware Anti-Takeover Law.In general, Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law (the “DGCL”) prohibits a publicly held Delaware corporation from engaging in business combinations, such as mergers, sales and leases of assets, issuances of securities and similar transactions by a corporation or subsidiary with an interested stockholder including a person or group who beneficially owns 15% or more of the corporation’s voting stock for a period of three years following the date the person became an interested stockholder, unless (with certain exceptions) the business combination or the transaction in which the person became an interested stockholder is approved in a prescribed manner. Section 203 permits corporations, in their certificate of incorporation, to opt out of the protections of Section 203. Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation provides that we have elected not to be subject to Section 203 of the DGCL for so long as Providence owns, directly or indirectly, at least 15% of the then-outstanding shares of our common stock. From and after the date that Providence ceases to own, directly or indirectly, at least 15% of the then-outstanding shares of our common stock, we will be governed by Section 203.
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Limitations on Liability and Indemnification
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Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation contains provisions relating to the liability of directors. These provisions eliminate a director’s personal liability for monetary damages resulting from a breach of fiduciary duty, except in circumstances involving:
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		●	any breach of the director’s duty of loyalty;

		●	acts or omissions not in good faith or which involve intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of the law;

		●	unlawful payments of dividends or unlawful stock repurchases, redemptions or other distributions; or

		●	any transaction from which the director derives an improper personal benefit.

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The principal effect of the limitation on liability provision is that a stockholder is unable to prosecute an action for monetary damages against a director unless the stockholder can demonstrate a basis for liability for which
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indemnification is not available under the DGCL. These provisions, however, should not limit or eliminate our rights or any stockholder’s rights to seek non-monetary relief, such as an injunction or rescission, in the event of a breach of director’s fiduciary duty. These provisions do not alter a director’s liability under federal securities laws. The inclusion of this provision in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation may discourage or deter stockholders or management from bringing a lawsuit against directors for a breach of their fiduciary duties, even though such an action, if successful, might otherwise have benefited us and our stockholders. In addition, your investment may be adversely affected to the extent we pay costs of settlement and damage awards against directors and officers pursuant to these indemnification provisions.
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Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and our amended and restated bylaws require us to indemnify and advance expenses to our directors and officers to the fullest extent not prohibited by the DGCL and other applicable law, except in the case of a proceeding instituted by the director without the approval  of  our board of  directors. Our amended and restated certificate of  incorporation and our amended and restated bylaws provide that we are required to indemnify our directors and executive officers, to the fullest extent permitted by law, for all judgments, fines, settlements, legal fees and other expenses incurred in connection with pending or threatened legal proceedings because of the director’s or officer’s positions with us or another entity that the director or officer serves at our request, subject to various conditions, and to advance funds to our directors and officers to enable them to defend against such proceedings. To receive indemnification, the director or officer must have been successful in the legal proceeding or have acted in good faith and in what was reasonably believed to be a lawful manner in our best interest and, with respect to any criminal proceeding, have had no reasonable cause to believe his or her conduct was unlawful.
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We have entered into an indemnification agreement with each of our directors. The indemnification agreements provide our directors with contractual rights to the indemnification and expense advancement rights provided under our amended and restated bylaws, as well as contractual rights to additional indemnification as provided in the indemnification agreements.
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Corporate Opportunities
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Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation provides that we, on our behalf and on behalf of our subsidiaries, renounce any interest or expectancy in, or in being offered an opportunity to participate in, corporate opportunities that are from time to time presented to Providence or any of its affiliates, directors, officers, employees, members or partners, even if the opportunity is one that we or our subsidiaries might reasonably be deemed to have pursued or had the ability or desire to pursue if granted the opportunity to do so. Neither Providence nor any of its affiliates, directors, officers, employees, members or partners are generally liable to us or any of our subsidiaries for breach of any fiduciary or other duty, as a director or otherwise, by reason of the fact that such person pursues or acquires such corporate opportunity, directs such corporate opportunity to another person or fails to present such corporate opportunity, or information regarding such corporate opportunity, to us or our subsidiaries unless, in the case of any such person who is a director or officer of DoubleVerify, such corporate opportunity is expressly offered to such director or officer in writing solely in his or her capacity as a director or officer of DoubleVerify. To the fullest extent permitted by law, by becoming a stockholder in our company, stockholders will be deemed to have notice of and consented to this provision of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation. Currently, Providence does not have any portfolio companies that would be considered direct competitors to DoubleVerify with respect to ad verification or similar software services.
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Choice of Forum
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Our amended and restated certificate of  incorporation provides that, unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternate forum, the Court of Chancery of  the State of Delaware will, to the fullest extent provided by law, be the sole and exclusive forum for (i) any derivative action or proceeding brought on our behalf, (ii) any action or proceeding asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty owed to us or our stockholders by any of our current or former directors, officers, other employees, agents or stockholders, (iii) any action or proceeding asserting a claim against us arising under the DGCL or as to which the DGCL confers jurisdiction on the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware (including, without limitation, any action asserting a claim arising out of or pursuant to our amended and restated certificate of incorporation or our amended and restated bylaws) or (iv) any action or proceeding asserting a claim against us that is governed by the internal affairs doctrine, in each case, subject to such
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Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware having personal jurisdiction over the indispensable parties named as defendants; provided that, the exclusive forum provision does not apply to any action or proceeding brought to enforce any liability or duty created by the Exchange Act or any other action or proceeding asserting a claim for which the federal courts have exclusive jurisdiction; provided further that, if and only if the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware dismisses any such action or proceeding for lack of subject matter jurisdiction, such action or proceeding may be brought in another state or federal court sitting in the State of Delaware. Furthermore our amended and restated certificate of incorporation also provides that unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the federal district courts of the United States shall be the exclusive forum for the resolution of any complaint asserting a cause of action arising under the Securities Act. By becoming a stockholder in our company, you will be deemed to have notice of and have consented to the provisions of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation related to choice of forum.
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Transfer Agent and Registrar
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The transfer agent and registrar for our common stock is American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, LLC.