United States Department of Labor

Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board

__________________________________________

N.H., Appellant

and

DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS, 

WEST HAVEN VA MEDICAL CENTER, 

West Haven, CT, Employer

__________________________________________

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Docket No. 23-0602

Issued: August 25, 2023

Appearances: Case Submitted on the Record

Appellant, pro se

Office of Solicitor, for the Director

DECISION AND ORDER

Before:

ALEC J. KOROMILAS, Chief Judge

JANICE B. ASKIN, Judge

VALERIE D. EVANS-HARRELL, Alternate Judge

JURISDICTION

On March 20, 2023 appellant filed a timely appeal from a December 15, 2022 merit 

decision of the Office of Workers’ Compensation Programs (OWCP). Pursuant to the Federal 

Employees’ Compensation Act1(FECA) and 20 C.F.R. §§ 501.2(c) and 501.3, the Board has 

jurisdiction over the merits of this case.

ISSUE

The issue is whether appellant has met her burden of proof to establish a lower back 

condition causally related to the accepted March 29, 2022 employment incident.

FACTUAL HISTORY

On March 29, 2022 appellant, then a 41-year-old nursing assistant, filed a traumatic injury 

claim (Form CA-1) alleging that she sustained pain in herlower back and legs when she awkwardly 

1

5 U.S.C. § 8101 et seq.
2

tried to catch a patient who stood up and fell backwards as she was pushing him in a wheelchair, 

while in the performance of duty.

In a development letter dated April 1, 2022, OWCP informed appellant of the deficiencies 

of her claim. It advised her of the type of factual and medical evidence necessary to establish her 

claim and provided a questionnaire for her completion. OWCP afforded appellant 30 days to 

submit the necessary evidence. No response was received.

By letter dated April 28, 2022, the employing establishment controverted the claim, noting 

that there was no medical evidence with a valid diagnosis from a physician. It explained that 

appellant had not met the burden to establish fact of injury. 

By decision dated May 11, 2022, OWCP denied appellant’s claim. It found that appellant 

had not submitted medical evidence containing a diagnosis in connection with the accepted 

incident. OWCP concluded, therefore, that the requirements had not been met to establish an 

injury as defined by FECA.

In March 29, 2022 progress notes, Dr. Louis Fazen, a Board-certified internist, diagnosed 

“sciatica from potentially herniated disc consistent with lifting patient/catching patient while

[appellant’s] spine flexed and in torsion.” He circled “Yes” in response to whether the injury was 

related to job duties. In response to a multiple-choice question regarding opinion of relationship, 

he circled, “it is more likely than not that the condition was related to the employee’s regular job

duties.” In response to a question regarding the type of illness or injury, Dr. Fazen circled 

“Lifting/Repositioning Patients.” In a narrative portion of the form, he related that appellant was 

transporting a patient who jumped up from the wheelchair and began to fall backward and that 

appellant attempted to break their fall “with torsion of her back in addition to forward flexion” and 

experienced back pain. Dr. Fazen prescribed restrictions for work. 

In progress reports and duty status memorandum covering the period April 8 through 

May 11, 2022, Dr. Effia James, Board-certified in internal medicine, and occupational medicine, 

related diagnoses of lumbar strain and sciatica.

OWCP also received several unsigned progress notes.

On September 27, 2022 appellant requested reconsideration.

By decision dated December 15, 2022, OWCP modified its prior decision to reflect that 

appellant had presented medical evidence with a valid diagnosis of lumbar strain and sciatica.

However, the claim remained denied because she had not submitted sufficient medical evidence

to establish that the accepted March 29, 2022 employment incident caused or aggravated the 

diagnosed conditions. 
3

LEGAL PRECEDENT

An employee seeking benefits under FECA2 has the burden of proof to establish the 

essential elements of his or her claim, including that the individual is an employee of the United 

States within the meaning of FECA, that the claim was timely filed within the applicable time 

limitation of FECA,3that an injury was sustained in the performance of duty as alleged, and that 

any disability or medical condition for which compensation is claimed is causally related to the 

employment injury.4 These are the essential elements of each and every compensation claim, 

regardless of whether the claim is predicated upon a traumatic injury or an occupational disease.5

To determine whether a federal employee has sustained a traumatic injury in the 

performance of duty, it first must be determined whether fact of injury has been established. There 

are two components involved in establishing fact of injury. The first component is that the 

employee must submit sufficient evidence to establish that he or she actually experienced the 

employment incident at the time and place, and in the manner alleged. The second component is 

whether the employment incident caused a personal injury and can be established only by medical 

evidence.6

The medical evidence required to establish causal relationship between a claimed specific 

condition and an employment incident is rationalized medical opinion evidence.7 The opinion of 

the physician must be based on a complete factual and medical background of the employee, must 

be one of reasonable medical certainty, and must be supported by medical rationale explaining the 

nature of the relationship between the diagnosed condition and specific employment incident.

8

ANALYSIS

The Board finds that appellant has not met her burden of proof to establish a lower back 

condition causally related to the accepted March 29, 2022 employment incident.

2

Id.

3 F.H., Docket No. 18-0869 (issued January 29, 2020); J.P., Docket No. 19-0129 (issued April26, 2019); JoeD. 

Cameron, 41 ECAB 153 (1989).

4 L.C., Docket No. 19-1301 (issued January 29, 2020); J.H., Docket No. 18-1637 (issued January 29, 2020);

James E. Chadden, Sr., 40 ECAB 312 (1988).

5 P.A., Docket No. 18-0559 (issued January 29, 2020); K.M., Docket No. 15-1660 (issued September 16, 2016);

Delores C. Ellyett, 41 ECAB 992 (1990).

6

See J.P., Docket No. 22-0868 (issued October 31, 2022); T.H., Docket No. 19-0599 (issued January 28, 2020);

K.L., Docket No. 18-1029 (issued January 9, 2019); John J. Carlone, 41 ECAB 354 (1989).

7

S.S., Docket No. 19-0688 (issued January 24, 2020);A.M., Docket No. 18-1748 (issued April24, 2019); RobertG. 

Morris, 48 ECAB 238 (1996).

8 T.L., Docket No. 18-0778 (issued January 22, 2020); Y.S., Docket No. 18-0366 (issued January 22, 2020);

Victor J. Woodhams, 41 ECAB 345, 352 (1989).
4

In March 29, 2022 progress notes, Dr. Fazen diagnosed “sciaticafrom potentially herniated 

disc consistent with lifting patient/catching patient while [appellant’s]spine flexed and in torsion.”

The Board finds that Dr. Fazen’s diagnosis of a “sciatica from potentially herniated disc” is not a 

firm medical diagnosis and is speculative and equivocal. The Board has held that the opinion of a 

physician supporting causal relationship must not be speculative or equivocal. 9 Dr. Fazen opined 

that appellant’s conditions were “consistent with” catching a falling patient and circled on a form 

an opinion that it is more likely than not that the diagnosed conditions are “related to the 

employee’s regular job duties.” The Board also finds that this opinion is speculative.10 In response 

to the type of illness or injury, Dr. Fazen circled “Lifting/Repositioning Patients” and provided a 

narrative relating that appellant was transporting a patient in a wheelchair and when the patient 

jumped up and appellant attempted to break his fall “with torsion of her back in addition to forward 

flexion.” The Board finds that Dr. Fazen’s response to the form question and his narrative 

description of the employment incident fail to provide a medical opinion on causation of 

reasonable medical certainty and supported by medical rationale explaining how the diagnosed 

conditions were physiologically caused by the accepted employment incident. The Board thus 

finds that the progress notes from Dr. Fazen are of limited probative value and are insufficient to 

establish the claim.11

In progress reports and duty status memorandum dated from April 8 through May 11, 2022,

Dr. James related diagnoses of lumbar strain and sciatica; however, she offered no opinion 

regarding the cause of appellant’s condition. The Board has held that medical evidence that does 

not offer an opinion regarding the cause of an employee’s condition or disability is of no probative 

value on the issue of causal relationship.12 Therefore, these reports are also insufficient to establish 

appellant’s claim.

Appellant also submitted unsigned reports. The Board has held that medical evidence,

which is unsigned has no probative value, as it is not established that the author is a physician.13

As the medical evidence of record is insufficient to establish causal relationship between 

the diagnosed lower back condition and the accepted March 29, 2022 employment incident, the 

Board finds that appellant has not met her burden of proof.

9 P.W., Docket No. 20-0407 (issued July 17, 2020); Ricky S. Storms, 52 ECAB 349 (2001).

10 Id.

11 See C.H., Docket No. 22-1186 (December 22, 2022); see D.Y., Docket No. 20-0112 (issued June 25, 2020); L.B., 

Docket No. 18-0533 (issued August 27, 2018); D.K., Docket No. 17-1549 (issued July 6, 2018).

12 S.C., Docket No. 21-0929 (issued April28, 2023); see L.B., Docket No. 18-0533 (issued August 27, 2018);

D.K., Docket No. 17-1549 (issued July 6, 2018).

13 See Z.G., Docket No. 19-0967 (issued October 21, 2019);R.M., 59 ECAB 690 (2008); MertonJ. Sills, 39 ECAB 

572, 575 (1988); Bradford L. Sullivan, 33 ECAB 1568 (1982).
5

Appellant may submit new evidence or argument with a written request for reconsideration 

to OWCP within one year of this merit decision, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. § 8128(a) and 20 C.F.R. 

§§ 10.605 through 10.607.

CONCLUSION

The Board finds that appellant has not met her burden of proof to establish a lower back 

condition causally related to the accepted March 29, 2022 employment incident.

ORDER

IT IS HEREBY ORDERED THAT the December 15, 2022 decision of the Office of 

Workers’ Compensation Programs is affirmed.

Issued: August 25, 2023

Washington, DC

Alec J. Koromilas, Chief Judge

Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board

Janice B. Askin, Judge

Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board

Valerie D. Evans-Harrell, Alternate Judge

Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board