United States Department of Labor

Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board

__________________________________________

T.H., Appellant

and

U.S. POSTAL SERVICE, SHAKER HEIGHTS 

POST OFFICE, Shaker Heights, OH, Employer

__________________________________________

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Docket No. 23-0194

Issued: July 17, 2023

Appearances: Case Submitted on the Record

Alan J. Shapiro, Esq., for the appellant1

Office of Solicitor, for the Director

DECISION AND ORDER

Before:

ALEC J. KOROMILAS, Chief Judge

PATRICIA H. FITZGERALD, Deputy Chief Judge

JAMES D. McGINLEY, Alternate Judge

JURISDICTION

On November 22, 2022 appellant, through counsel, filed a timely appeal from a 

September 30, 2022 merit decision of the Office of Workers’ Compensation Programs (OWCP). 

Pursuant to the Federal Employees’ Compensation Act2(FECA) and 20 C.F.R. §§ 501.2(c) and 

501.3, the Board has jurisdiction over the merits of this case.3

1

In all cases in which a representative has been authorized in a matter before the Board, no claim for a fee for 

legal or other service performed on appeal before the Board is valid unless approved by the Board. 20 C.F.R. 

§ 501.9(e). No contract for a stipulated fee or on a contingent fee basis will be approved by the Board. Id. An 

attorney or representative’s collection of a fee without the Board’s approval may constitute a misdemeanor, subject 

to fine or imprisonment for up to one year or both. Id.; see also 18 U.S.C. § 292. Demands for payment of fees to a 

representative, prior to approval by the Board, may be reported to appropriate authorities for investigation.

2

5 U.S.C. § 8101 et seq.

3 The Board notes that following the September 30, 2022 decision, appellant submitted additional evidence to 

OWCP. However, the Board’s Rules of Procedure provides: “The Board’s review of a case is limited to the 

evidence in the case record that was before OWCP at the time of its final decision. Evidence not before OWCP will 

not be considered by the Board for the first time on appeal.” 20 C.F.R. § 501.2(c)(1). Thus, the Board is precluded 

from reviewing this additional evidence for the first time on appeal. Id.
2

ISSUES

The issues are: (1) whether appellant received an overpayment of compensation in the 

amount of $4,019.85, for the period January 12 through February 26, 2022, for which she was 

without fault, because she continued to receive wage-loss compensation after she returned to 

work; and (2) whether OWCP properly denied waiver of recovery of the overpayment.

FACTUAL HISTORY

On October 29, 2019 appellant, then a 29-year-old letter carrier, filed a traumatic injury 

claim alleging that on October 29, 2019 she felt pain in her left shoulder and arm while 

attempting to open a stuck mailbox while in the performance of duty.4 She stopped work on 

October 30, 2019. On December 5, 2019 OWCP accepted appellant’s claim for left shoulder 

girdle strain. It advised her that: 

“If you receive a compensation check which includes payment for a period you 

have worked, return it to us immediately to prevent an overpayment of 

compensation.

“If you receive compensation via Electronic Funds Transfer (EFT), a notification 

of the date and amount of payment will appear on the statement from your 

financial institution. You are expected to monitor your EFT deposits carefully, at 

least every two weeks. If you have worked for any portion of the period for 

which a deposit was made, advise OWCP immediately so that the overpayment 

can be collected.”

OWCP paid appellant wage-loss compensation on the supplemental rolls, effective 

December 14, 2019. It paid her wage-loss compensation via EFT, effective January 7, 2020. 

By decision dated April 15, 2020, OWCP expanded the acceptance of appellant’s claim 

to include left C6 cervical radiculopathy. 

Appellant returned to part-time, modified-duty work for six hours per day on 

August 3, 2020. OWCP paid appellant wage-loss compensation on the supplemental rolls for 

intermittent periods of disability. On June 20, 2021 appellant stopped work again. OWCP paid 

appellant wage-loss compensation on the supplemental rolls as of June 21, 2021 and on the 

periodic rolls, as of November 7, 2021. 

On January 12, 2022 appellant returned to full-time, modified-duty work. On January 25, 

2022 OWCP paid her wage-loss compensation for the period January 3 through 11, 2022 in a 

direct deposit payment of $972.56. 

4 Under OWCP File No. xxxxxx365, OWCP accepted that on February 14, 2015 appellant sustained a left 

shoulder/upper arm/hand sprain, left hip/thigh sprain, and lumbosacral sprain when she slipped descending stairs

and fell down while in the performance of duty. It has administratively combined OWCP File Nos. xxxxxx365 and 

xxxxxx294, with the present claim serving as the master file.
3

On March 1, 2022 appellant informed OWCP that she was still receiving periodic rolls

payments even though she had returned to work. OWCP’s representative verified that appellant 

had received two additional payments on January 22 and February 26, 2022, even though the 

case status indicated that appellant was no longer on the periodic rolls. Appellant requested 

information on how to continue making payments to pay back a previous overpayment debt and 

how to return the new compensation payments that she had received.

On January 29, 2022 OWCP paid appellant a direct deposit payment of $1,854.87 as 

wage-loss compensation for the period January 2 through 29, 2022. On February 26, 2022 it

paid her a direct deposit payment of $1,854.87 as wage-loss compensation for the period 

January 30 through February 26, 2022.

In a preliminary overpayment determination dated March 16, 2022, OWCP notified 

appellant that she had received an overpayment of compensation in the amount of $4,019.85 

because she continued to receive compensation for total disability after she returned to full-time 

work on January 12, 2022. It determined that she was without fault in the creation of the 

overpayment, because she diligently reported her return to work and receipt of payments after 

she returned to work. OWCP requested that appellant submit a completed overpayment recovery 

questionnaire (Form OWCP-20) to determine a reasonable payment method, provided an 

overpayment action request form, and advised her that she could request a waiver of the 

overpayment. It further requested that she provide supporting financial documentation, 

including copies of income tax returns, bank account statements, bills, pay slips, and any other 

records to support income and expenses. Additionally, OWCP further notified her that, within 

30 days of the date of the letter, appellant could request a final decision based on the written 

evidence, or a prerecoupment hearing.

In an overpayment action request form dated March 24, 2022, appellant requested waiver

of recovery of the overpayment and a prerecoupment hearing. A telephonic hearing was held on 

July 20, 2022.

Appellant submitted a partially completed overpayment recovery questionnaire signed on 

April 7, 2022.

By decision dated September 28, 2022, OWCP’s hearing representative finalized the 

preliminary overpayment determination, finding that appellant had received an overpayment of 

compensation in the amount of $4,019.85 for the period January 12 through February 26, 2022, 

because she received compensation for total disability after she returned to full-time work. It 

also found that she was without fault in the creation of the overpayment, but denied waiver of 

recovery of the overpayment. 

By decision dated September 30, 2022, OWCP finalized the preliminary overpayment 

determination, finding that appellant received an overpayment of compensation in the amount of 

$4,019.85 for the period January 12 through February 26, 2022. 5

5 While the September 30, 2022 decision indicated that the overpayment period began on January 2, 2022, this 

appears to be a typographical error as the case record indicates that the correct period was January 12 through 

February 26, 2022.
4

LEGAL PRECEDENT -- ISSUE 1

Section 8102(a) of FECA provides that the United States shall pay compensation for the 

disability or death of an employee resulting from personal injury sustained while in the 

performance of his or her duty.6 Section 8116 limits the right of an employee to receive 

compensation. It provides that, while an employee is receiving compensation or if he or she has 

been paid a lump sum in commutation of installment payments until the expiration of the period 

during which the installment payments would have continued, the employee may not receive 

salary, pay, or remuneration of any type from the United States, except in limited circumstances.

7

 

OWCP’s procedures provide that an overpayment of compensation is created when a claimant 

returns to work, but continues to receive wage-loss compensation.8

ANALYSIS -- ISSUE 1

The Board finds that appellant received an overpayment of compensation of $4,019.85 

for the period January 12 through February 26, 2022, because she continued to receive wage-loss 

compensation after she returned to work.

Appellant resumed full-time, modified-duty work on January 12, 2022. OWCP, 

however, continued to pay her wage-loss compensation for total disability following her return to 

work through February 26, 2022, which resulted in an overpayment of compensation. As noted 

above, appellant was not entitled to receive total disability benefits and actual earnings for the 

same period of time.9 Therefore, the fact of overpayment is established.

10

OWCP calculated appellant’s net compensation paid for the period January 3 through 

February 26, 2022 as $4,682.30. It properly noted that she was entitled to wage-loss 

compensation for the period January 2 through 11, 2022, and subtracted that amount from the 

total net compensation paid during that period. The Board has reviewed these calculations and 

finds that OWCP properly determined that an overpayment of $4,019.85 was created. 11 

LEGAL PRECEDENT -- ISSUE 2

Section 8129 of FECA provides that an individual who is without fault in creating or 

accepting an overpayment is still subject to recovery of the overpayment unless adjustment or 

6

5 U.S.C. § 8102(a).

7

Id. at § 8116(a).

8 Federal (FECA) Procedure Manual, Part 6 --Debt Management, Initial Determinations in an Overpayment, 

Chapter 6.300.4g (September 2020); see also L.T., Docket No. 19-1389 (issued March 27, 2020); K.P., Docket No. 

19-1151 (issued March 18, 2020).

9

See supra notes 5 & 6.

10 See A.C., Docket No. 22-0118 (issued December 15, 2022).

11 See D.R., Docket No. 21-0234 (issued November 17, 2022).
5

recovery would defeat the purpose of FECA or would be against equity and good conscience. 12 

Thus, a finding that appellant was without fault does not automatically result in waiver of the 

overpayment. OWCP must then exercise its discretion to determine whether recovery of the 

overpayment would defeat the purpose of FECA or would be against equity and good 

conscience.13 

Section 10.436 of OWCP’s implementing regulations provides that recovery of an 

overpayment would defeat the purpose of FECA if such recovery would cause hardship because 

the beneficiary from whom OWCP seeks recovery needs substantially all of his or her curren t 

income (including compensation benefits) to meet current ordinary and necessary living 

expenses and the beneficiary’s assets do not exceed a specified amount as determined by 

OWCP.14 An individual is deemed to need substantially all of his or her current income to meet 

current ordinary and necessary living expenses if monthly income does not exceed monthly 

expenses by more than $50.00.15 Also, assets must not exceed a resource base of $6,200.00 for 

an individual or $10,300.00 for an individual with a spouse or dependent plus $1,200.00 for each 

additional dependent.16 An individual’s liquid assets include, but are not limited to cash, the 

value of stocks, bonds, saving accounts, mutual funds, and certificate of deposits. 17 Nonliquid 

assets include, but are not limited to, the fair market value of an owner’s equity in property such 

as a camper, boat, second home, furnishings/supplies, vehicle(s) above the two allowed per 

immediate family, retirement account balances (such as Thrift Savings Plan or 401(k)), jewelry, 

and artwork.18

Section 10.437 of OWCP’s implementing regulations provides that recovery of an 

overpayment is considered to be against equity and good conscience when an individual who 

received an overpayment would experience severe financial hardship in attempting to repay the 

debt; and when an individual, in reliance on such payments or on notice that such payments 

would be made, gives up a valuable right or changes his or her position for the worse. 19 

OWCP’s procedures provide that, to establish that a valuable right has been relinquished, an 

individual must demonstrate that the right was in fact valuable, that he or she was unable to get 

12 5 U.S.C. § 8129(a)-(b).

13 D.H., Docket No. 19-0384 (issued August 12, 2019); V.H., Docket No. 18-1124 (issued January 16, 2019); 

L.S., 59 ECAB 350 (2008).

14 20 C.F.R. § 10.436(a)(b).

15 Federal (FECA) Procedure Manual, Part 6 --Debt Management, Final Overpayment Determinations, Chapter 

6.400.4a(3) (September 2020). 

16 Id. at Chapter 6.400.4a(2) (September 2020).

17 Id. at Chapter 6.400.4b(3).

18 Id. at Chapter 6.400.4b(3)(a), (b).

19 20 C.F.R. § 10.437; see E.H., Docket No. 18-1009 (issued January 29, 2019).
6

the right back, and that his or her action was based primarily or solely on reliance on the 

payment(s) or on the notice of payment.20

ANALYSIS -- ISSUE 2

The Board finds that OWCP properly denied waiver of recovery of the overpayment.

As OWCP found appellant without fault in the creation of the overpayment, waiver must 

be considered, and repayment is still required unless adjustment or recovery of the overpayment 

would defeat the purpose of FECA or be against equity and good conscience. 21 

In its preliminary determination dated March 16, 2022, OWCP requested that appellant 

provide a completed Form OWCP-20 and supporting financial documentation, including copies 

of income tax returns, bank account statements, bills, pay slips, and any other records to support 

income and expenses. Appellant, however, did not submit a completed Form OWCP-20 or 

supporting financial documentation. As such, OWCP did not have the financial information 

necessary for it to determine if recovery of the overpayment would defeat the purpose of FECA 

or if recovery would be against equity and good conscience.22

Consequently, as appellant did not submit sufficient information required under 

20 C.F.R. § 10.438 of OWCP’s regulations, which was necessary to determine her eligibility of 

waiver, the Board finds that OWCP properly denied waiver of recovery of the overpayment.23

CONCLUSION

The Board finds that appellant received an overpayment of compensation in the amount 

of $4,019.85, for the period January 12 through February 26, 2022, for which she was without 

fault, because she continued to receive wage-loss compensation after she returned to work. The 

Board further finds that OWCP properly denied waiver of recovery of the overpayment.

20 Supra note 14 at Chapter 6.400.4c(3) (September 2020).

21 20 C.F.R. § 10.436.

22 See P.G., Docket No. 22-1073 (issued December 28, 2022); see also S.M., Docket No. 17-1802 (issued 

August 20, 2018).

23 See A.S., Docket No. 22-0281 (issued September 26, 2022); see also J.A., Docket No. 19-1946 (issued 

July 13, 2020).
7

ORDER

IT IS HEREBY ORDERED THAT the September 30, 2022 decision of the Office of 

Workers’ Compensation Programs is affirmed.

Issued: July 17, 2023

Washington, DC

Alec J. Koromilas, Chief Judge

Employees' Compensation Appeals Board

Patricia H. Fitzgerald, Deputy Chief Judge

Employees' Compensation Appeals Board

James D. McGinley, Alternate Judge

Employees' Compensation Appeals Board