United States Department of Labor

Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board

__________________________________________

R.A., Appellant

and

U.S. POSTAL SERVICE, BUENA VISTA POST 

OFFICE, Miami, FL, Employer

__________________________________________

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Docket No. 23-0408

Issued: August 14, 2023

Appearances: Case Submitted on the Record

Alan J. Shapiro, Esq., for the appellant1

Office of Solicitor, for the Director

DECISION AND ORDER

Before:

JANICE B. ASKIN, Judge

VALERIE D. EVANS-HARRELL, Alternate Judge

JAMES D. McGINLEY, Alternate Judge

JURISDICTION

On January 30, 2023 appellant, through counsel, filed a timely appeal from a January 5, 

2023 merit decision of the Office of Workers’ Compensation Programs (OWCP). Pursuant to the 

Federal Employees’ Compensation Act2(FECA) and 20 C.F.R. §§ 501.2(c) and 501.3, the Board 

has jurisdiction to consider the merits of this case. 

1

In all cases in which a representative has been authorized in a matter before the Board, no claim for a fee for legal 

or other service performed on appeal before the Board is valid unless approved by the Board. 20 C.F.R. § 501.9(e). 

No contract for a stipulated fee or on a contingent fee basis will be approved by the Board. Id. An attorney or 

representative’s collection of a fee without the Board’s approval may constitute a misdemeanor, subject to fine or 

imprisonment for up to one year or both. Id.; see also 18 U.S.C. § 292. Demands for payment of fees to a 

representative, prior to approval by the Board, may be reported to appropriate authorities for investigation.

2

5 U.S.C. § 8101 et seq.
2

ISSUE

The issue is whether appellant has met her burden of proof to establish permanent 

impairment of a scheduled member or function of the body, warranting a schedule award.

FACTUAL HISTORY

This case has been previously before the Board.3 The facts and circumstances of the case 

as set forth in the Board’s prior decision are incorporated herein by reference. The relevant facts 

are as follows.

On September 9, 2004 appellant, then a 42-year-old carrier technician, filed a traumatic 

injury claim (Form CA-1) alleging that on September 8, 2004 she developed back pain radiating 

down her left leg when delivering mail while in the performance of duty. OWCP accepted the 

claim for lumbosacral strain and herniated lumbar disc at L4-5 and L5-S1.

On May 18, 2007 appellant returned to limited-duty work until her position was withdrawn

by the employing establishment on December 1, 2010. On December 5, 2011 she again returned

to limited-duty work. 

Appellant filed a claim for compensation (Form CA-7) on June 4, 2012, for a schedule 

award.

Thereafter, OWCP received a medical report dated June 20, 2012 from Dr. Martin 

Fritzhand, a Board-certified urologist, who advised that appellant had reached maximum medical 

improvement (MMI) as of September 2006. Referencing the sixth edition of the American 

Medical Association, Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment (A.M.A., Guides)

4 and 

The Guides Newsletter, Rating Spinal Nerve Extremity Impairment Using the Sixth Edition

(July/August 2009) (The Guides Newsletter), he also determined that she had a Class 1 impairment 

or four percent permanent impairment of each lower extremity due to a severe level 3 sensory 

deficit of the S1 nerve root. 

On August 1, 2012 Dr. H.P. Hogshead, a Board-certified orthopedic surgeon,serving as an

OWCP district medical adviser (DMA), reviewed Dr. Fritzhand’s June 20, 2012 report and noted 

deficiencies in the report regarding the severity of S1 sensory nerve loss in appellant’s bilateral 

lower extremities. He recommended a second opinion permanent impairment evaluation.

On October 8, 2014 Dr. Hogshead again reviewed the case file as requested by OWCP. He 

reiterated his recommendation for a second opinion impairment evaluation.

On June 27, 2017 QTC Medical Services (QTC), OWCP’s scheduling service, referred

appellant, together with a statement of accepted facts (SOAF), the case record, and a series of

questions, to Dr. Clinton G. Bush, III, a Board-certified orthopedic surgeon, for a second opinion

3 Docket No. 19-0288 (issued July 12, 2019).

4 A.M.A., Guides (6th ed. 2009).
3

evaluation to determine the extent of her employment-related permanent impairment based on the

sixth edition of the A.M.A., Guides, and the date she reached MMI.

In a July 6, 2017 report, Dr. Bush found that appellant had no sensory or motor 

neurological deficits consistent with radiculopathy in the lower extremities. Referencing the sixth

edition of the A.M.A., Guides, he determined that she had nine percent whole person permanent 

impairment due to a Class 1 impairment for intervertebral disc herniation. Dr. Bush concluded

that appellant had reached MMI on March 31, 2014.

On December 12, 2017 Dr. Arthur S. Harris, a Board-certified orthopedic surgeon serving

as an OWCP DMA, reviewed the SOAF and medical record, including Dr. Bush’s July 6, 2017

report. He found that appellant had reached MMI on July 6, 2017. Utilizing the sixth edition of 

the A.M.A., Guides and The Guides Newsletter, the DMA determined that she had zero percent 

permanent impairment of each lower extremity. He noted the discrepancies in Dr. Bush’s 

impairment rating and date of MMI. 

OWCP, by decision dated January 11, 2018, denied appellant’s claim for a schedule award 

based on the opinion of Dr. Harris, the DMA. 

On January 19, 2018 appellant, through counsel, requested a telephonic hearing before a

representative of OWCP’s Branch of Hearings and Review.

By decision dated September 21, 2018, an OWCP hearing representative affirmed the

January 11, 2018 decision finding that the opinion of the DMA, Dr. Harris constituted the weight 

of the medical evidence.

On November 20, 2018 appellant appealed to the Board. By decision dated July 12, 2019,

5

the Board set aside OWCP’s September 21, 2018 decision, finding a conflict in the medical 

opinion evidence between Dr. Fritzhand, appellant’s physician, and Dr. Harris, OWCP’s DMA, 

regarding the extent of permanent impairment to appellant’s bilateral lower extremities. The 

Board remanded the case to OWCP for referral of appellant to an impartial medical examiner 

(IME) to resolve the conflict in medical opinion evidence, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. § 8123(a).

On December 18, 2019 OWCP referred appellant, together with a SOAF, the medical 

record, and a series of questions, for an impartial impairment evaluation with Dr. Warren 

Grossman, a Board-certified orthopedic surgeon.

In a January 7, 2020 report, Dr. Grossman noted appellant’s history of injury, reviewed 

medical records, and provided his essentially normal findings on physical, neurological, and x-ray

examination. He related her complaint of low back pain dating back to September 2004 for which 

she received medical treatment. Dr. Grossman observed that appellant’s magnetic resonance 

imaging (MRI) scan results revealed mild degenerative changes without any significant central or 

lateral recess findings. He indicated that she related to him that she had recently undergone a 

lumbar MRI scan and she had a broken disc. Dr. Grossman requested that OWCP forward the 

5

Supra note 3.
4

most recent MRI scan for his review. Alternatively, he requested to review an October 12, 2015 

MRI scan and February 28, 2017 lumbar spine computerized tomography (CT) scan.

On July 13, 2020 OWCP forwarded the requested diagnostic test results to Dr. Grossman 

for review and comment. Dr. Grossman did not submit an addendum report. 

On March 18, 2022 OWCP referred appellant to Dr. Marc Z. Hammerman, a Boardcertified orthopedic surgeon, for an impartial permanent impairment evaluation.

In a May 15, 2022 report, Dr. Hammerman reviewed the medical record and noted the 

history of appellant’s September 8, 2004 employment injury and the accepted conditions of 

lumbosacral strain and L4-5 and L5-S1 disc herniation. He provided her extensive physical 

examination findings. Dr. Hammerman noted that there was no evidence of nerve root 

impingement or stenosis at that time. He observed that the most recent MRI scan performed on 

October 12, 2015 showed mild narrowing of the neuroforamina consistent with degeneration 

overtime and mild narrowing at the L5-S1 level of the neuroforamina. No disc herniations were 

noted. Dr. Hammerman indicated that during his x-ray examination appellant had brief seizure 

activity on the x-ray table and only an anterior-posterior (AP) view of the pelvis showing the hips 

and AP and oblique views of the lumbar spine were obtained. The lumbar spine x-rays showed 

satisfactory alignment of the vertebral bodies. There was degeneration at L4-5 and to a lesser 

extent LS-S1 on the AP and oblique views. Disc spaces appeared to be satisfactory on the oblique 

views, but there was some narrowing at the L4-5 level on the AP view. Dr. Hammerman noted 

that the lateral view could not be obtained to further determine disc space narrowing. He noted 

that the AP view of the pelvis showed satisfactory appearance of the pelvic architecture and 

satisfactorily maintained hip joints. Dr. Hammerman advised that the prior x-ray and MRI scan 

findings were consistent with his x-ray examination findings which were consistent with lumbar 

pain although no objective neurologic deficit was noted. He further advised that appellant’s 

complaints of radicular pain extending down the right lower extremity were inconsistent with 

examination using different techniques to produce radicular symptoms. No sensory deficit was 

identified. Dr. Hammerman considered appellant’s lethargy secondary to medication she was 

taking for seizure control. Nevertheless, he obtained reflexes that were satisfactory. 

Dr. Hammerman noted that the role diabetes plays in any neuropathic complaints was uncertain at 

that time. As such, he advised that appellant’s findings of mechanical back pain appeared to be 

secondary to the underlying degenerative changes that seemingly progressed over the years based 

upon MRI scan changes. Dr. Hammerman opined that she had zero percent permanent impairment 

of each lower extremity under the sixth edition of the A.M.A., Guides and The Guides Newsletter. 

Utilizing Table 17-9, page 531, he assigned a grade modifier for clinical studies (GMCS) of 0, as 

the electrodiagnostic testing studies previously performed were normal and MRI scan findings 

showed degenerative changes which progressed overtime with the most recent MRI scan showing 

no significant nerve root impingement, which was consistent with his clinical examination finding 

of no neurologic deficit involving the lower extremities. Dr. Hammerman thus concluded that 

appellant had zero percent permanent impairment of the bilateral lower extremities. He 

determined that she had reached MMI on January 18, 2007. 

On June 8, 2022 Dr. Todd Fellars, a Board-certified orthopedic surgeon serving as an 

OWCP DMA, reviewed the SOAF and medical record, includingDr. Hammerman’s May 12, 2022 

report. He concurred with Dr. Hammerman’s opinion that appellant had zero percent permanent 
5

impairment of the bilateral lower extremities in accordance with the sixth edition of the A.M.A., 

Guides and The GuidesNewsletter. Dr. Fellars referred to The Guides Newsletter, Proposed Table 

2, Spinal Nerve Impairment Lower Extremity Impairments. The DMA explained that appellant

had no objective evidence of radiculopathy. He further noted that although she complained about

sensory disturbances, an electromyogram was normal and an MRI scan showed no evidence of

nerve root compression. The DMA indicated that appellant’s physical examination revealed 5/5

strength and normal reflexes. Based on Dr. Hammerman’s findings, he opined thatshe had zero

percent bilaterallower extremity permanentimpairment. Thus, the DMA concludedthat appellant

had zero percent permanent impairment of the lower extremities. He determined that she had

reached MMI as of May 15, 2022, the date of Dr. Hammerman’s impairment evaluation.

By decision dated June 30, 2022, OWCP denied appellant’s schedule award claim. It found 

that the opinion of Dr. Hammerman as the IME, and Dr. Fellars, its DMA, represented the weight 

of the medical opinion evidence and established that appellant had no permanent impairment of 

either lower extremity as a result of her September 8, 2004 employment injury. 

On July 11, 2022 appellant, through counsel, requested a telephonic hearing before a 

representative of OWCP’s Branch of Hearings and Review, which was held on 

November 17, 2022. 

By decision dated January 5, 2023, a second OWCP hearing representative affirmed the 

June 30, 2022 decision. 

LEGAL PRECEDENT

It is the claimant’s burden of proof to establish permanent impairment of a scheduled 

member or function of the body as a result of an employment injury.

6

The schedule award provisions of FECA7 and its implementing regulations8 set forth the 

number of weeks of compensation payable to employees sustaining permanent impairment from 

loss, or loss of use, of scheduled members or functions of the body. However, FECA does not 

specify the manner in which the percentage of loss shall be determined. OWCP has adopted the 

A.M.A., Guides as the uniform standard applicable to all claimants. As of May 1, 2009, the sixth 

edition of the A.M.A., Guides is used to calculate schedule awards.9

6

See T.H., Docket No. 19-1066 (issued January 29, 2020); D.F., Docket No. 18-1337 (issued February 11, 2019); 

Tammy L. Meehan, 53 ECAB 229 (2001).

7

5 U.S.C. § 8107.

8

20 C.F.R. § 10.404.

9 Federal (FECA) Procedure Manual, Part 2 --Claims, Schedule Awards and Permanent Disability Claims, Chapter 

2.808.5a. (March 2017); id. at Chapter 3.700.2 and Exhibit 1 (January 2010).
6

Neither FECA nor its implementing regulations provide for the payment of a schedule 

award for the permanent loss of use of the back/spine or the body as a whole. 10 However, a 

schedule award is permissible where the employment-related spinal condition affects the upper 

and/or lower extremities.

11

 The sixth edition of the A.M.A., Guides (2009) provides a specific 

methodology for rating spinal nerve extremity impairment in The Guides Newsletter. It was 

designed for situations where a particular jurisdiction, such as FECA, mandated ratings for 

extremities and precluded ratings for the spine. The FECA-approved methodology is premised on 

evidence of radiculopathy affecting the upper and/or lower extremities. The appropriate tables for 

rating spinal nerve extremity impairment are incorporated in the Federal (FECA) Procedure 

Manual.12

In addressing lower extremity impairment due to peripheral or spinal nerve root 

involvement, the sixth edition of the A.M.A., Guides and The Guides Newsletter require 

identifying the class of diagnosis (CDX), which is then adjusted by grade modifiers based on 

functional history (GMFH), physical examination (GMPE), and GMCS. 13 The net adjustment 

formula is (GMFH - CDX) + (GMPE - CDX) + (GMCS - CDX).14

Section 8123(a) of FECA provides that, if there is disagreement between the physician 

making the examination for the United States and the physician of the employee, the Secretary 

shall appoint a third physician who shall make an examination.15 When there are opposing reports 

of virtually equal weight and rationale, the case must be referred to an IME, pursuant to section 

8123(a) of FECA, to resolve the conflict in the medical evidence.16 Where a case is referred to an 

IME for the purpose of resolving a conflict, the opinion of such specialist, if sufficiently well 

rationalized and based on a proper factual and medical background, must be given special weight.17

10 5 U.S.C. § 8107(c); 20 C.F.R. § 10.404(a) and (b); see A.G., Docket No. 18-0815 (issued January 24, 2019); 

Jay K. Tomokiyo, 51 ECAB 361, 367 (2000).

11 Supra note 9 at Chapter 2.808.5c(3) (March 2017).

12 Supra note 9 at Chapter 3.700, Exhibit 4 (January 2010);see L.H., Docket No. 20-1550(issued April13, 2021);

N.G., Docket No. 20-0557 (issued January 5, 2021).

13 A.M.A., Guides 494-531; see R.V., Docket No. 20-0005 (issued December 8, 2020); J.B., Docket No. 09-2191 

(issued May 14, 2010).

14 Id. at 521.

15 5 U.S.C. § 8123(a). See R.C.,Docket No. 18-0463 (issued February 7, 2020); see also G.B.,Docket No. 16-0996 

(issued September 14, 2016).

16 See M.R., Docket No. 19-0526 (issued July 24, 2019); C.R.,Docket No. 18-1285 (issued February 12, 2019); 

James P. Roberts, 31 ECAB 1010 (1980).

17 P.B., Docket No. 20-0984 (issued November 25, 2020); DarleneR. Kennedy, 57 ECAB 414 (2006); Gloria J. 

Godfrey, 52 ECAB 486 (2001).
7

ANALYSIS

The Board finds that appellant has not met her burden of proof to establish permanent 

impairment of a scheduled member or function of the body, warranting a schedule award.

Preliminarily, the Board notes that findings made in prior Board decisions are res judicata, 

absent further review by OWCP under section 8128 of FECA. It is, therefore, unnecessary for the 

Board to consider the evidence appellant submitted prior to the issuance of OWCP’s September 21, 

2018 decision as the Board considered that evidence in its July 12, 2019 decision.18

In the prior appeal, the Board found a conflict in medical opinion between Dr. Fritzhand, 

appellant’s attending physician, and Dr. Harris, the DMA for OWCP, regarding the extent and 

degree of appellant’s permanent impairment of the bilateral lower extremities. On remand, OWCP 

properly referred her to Dr. Hammerman, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. § 8123(a), for an impartial medical 

evaluation.

In a May 12, 2022 report, Dr. Hammerman opined that appellant had zero percent 

permanent impairment of the lower extremities under the sixth edition of the A.M.A., Guides and 

The Guides Newsletter. He discussed her history of injury and reviewed her medical record, 

including diagnostic test results. Dr. Hammerman diagnosed the accepted condition of L4-S and 

L5-S1 disc herniation. He noted that x-ray and MRI scan findings, including his own x-ray 

findings revealed lumbar pain, but no objective neurologic deficit. Dr. Hammermanexplained that 

appellant’s complaints of radicular pain extending down the right lower extremity did produce 

radicular symptoms using different examination techniques. He further explained that no sensory 

deficit was identified. Dr. Hammerman also explained that appellant had 5/5 motor strength and 

satisfactory reflexes. He referred to Table 17-9, page 531, and assigned a GMCS of 0 because 

electrodiagnostic testing studies previously performed were normal and MRI scan findings showed 

degenerative changes which progressed overtime with the most recent MRI scan showing no 

significant nerve root impingement, which was consistent with his clinical examination finding of 

no neurologic deficit involving the lower extremities. Dr. Hammerman thus determined that 

appellant had zero percent permanent impairment of the bilateral lower extremities. OWCP’s 

DMA, Dr. Fellars, agreed with Dr. Hammerman’s findings and conclusions.19

As noted, when a case is referred to an IME for the purpose of resolving a conflict, the 

opinion of such specialist, if sufficiently well rationalized and based on a proper factual 

background, must be given special weight.20 The Board finds that Dr. Hammerman’s May 12, 

2022 report is entitled to special weight and establishes that appellant had no bilateral lower 

18 M.S., Docket No. 20-1095 (issued March 29, 2022); C.D., Docket No. 19-1973 (issued May 21, 2020); M.D., 

Docket No. 20-0007 (issued May 13, 2020); Clinton E. Anthony, Jr., 49 ECAB 476, 479 (1998).

19 OWCP’s procedures provide that, after obtaining all necessary medical evidence, the file should be routed to a 

DMA for an opinion concerning the nature and percentage of impairment in accordance with the A.M.A., Guides, 

with the DMA providing rationale for the percentage of impairment specified. See supra note 9 at Chapter 2.808.6f 

(February2013). See also A.H., Docket No. 23-0335 (issued July 28, 2023); D.S., Docket No. 20-0670 (issued 

November 2, 2021); Frantz Ghassan, 57 ECAB 349 (2006).

20 Supra note 17.
8

extremity permanent impairment.21 Dr. Hammerman’s opinion was based on a proper factual and 

medical history, which he reviewed, and his essentially normal examination findings regarding 

sensory and motor loss. Moreover, he provided medical rationale for his impairment rating.

The record contains no other probative, rationalized medical opinion which supports that 

appellant had bilateral lower extremity impairment based upon the A.M.A., Guides andThe Guides 

Newsletter. As such, the Board finds that she has not met her burden of proof.

Appellant may request a schedule award or increased schedule award at any time based on 

evidence of a new exposure or medical evidence showing progression of an employment-related 

condition resulting in permanent impairment or increased permanent impairment.

CONCLUSION

The Board finds that appellant has not met her burden of proof to establish permanent 

impairment of a scheduled member or function of the body, warranting a schedule award.

ORDER

IT IS HEREBY ORDERED THAT the January 5, 2023 decision of the Office of 

Workers’ Compensation Programs is affirmed.

Issued: August 14, 2023

Washington, DC

Janice B. Askin, Judge

Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board

Valerie D. Evans-Harrell, Alternate Judge

Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board

James D. McGinley, Alternate Judge

Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board

21 See M.E., Docket No. 21-0281 (issued June 10, 2022); V.G., Docket No. 19-1728 (issued September 2, 2020); 

H.K., Docket No. 18-0528 (issued November 1, 2019); Gary R. Sieber, 46 ECAB 215, 225 (1994).