NOT FOR PUBLICATION

UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS

 FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT

MATTHEW S. AGBAOSI, 

Plaintiff-Appellant,

 v.

MERRICK B. GARLAND, Attorney

General, 

Defendant-Appellee.

No. 22-55243

D.C. No. 

5:20-cv-01123-JWH-KK

MEMORANDUM*

Appeal from the United States District Court

for the Central District of California

John W. Holcomb, District Judge, Presiding

Submitted May 10, 2023** 

San Francisco, California

Before: FERNANDEZ, SILVERMAN, and N.R. SMITH, Circuit Judges.

Plaintiff Matthew Agbaosi appeals pro se from the district court’s summary

judgment in his action alleging claims under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of

1964, 42 U.S.C. §§ 2000e–2000e-17 (Title VII), and the Age Discrimination in

FILED

MAY 12 2023

MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK

U.S. COURT OF APPEALS

*

 This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent

except as provided by Ninth Circuit Rule 36-3.

** The panel unanimously concludes this case is suitable for decision without

oral argument. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2).
Employment Act of 1967, 29 U.S.C. §§ 621–634 (ADEA). We review the grant of

summary judgment de novo1and the decision to exclude evidence for abuse of

discretion.2 

The district court did not err in granting summary judgment.3 Summary

judgment on Agbaosi’s Title VII disparate treatment claim was proper because he

failed to show that Defendant’s proffered reasons for imposing a threat assessment

meeting and lowering his performance review score were pretexts for

discrimination. See Opara, 57 F.4th at 728–29. 

Agbaosi’s Title VII hostile work environment claim based on a single racist

photo and note was time barred. See 29 C.F.R. § 1614.105(a)(1); Lyons v.

England, 307 F.3d 1092, 1105 (9th Cir. 2002). The continuing violations doctrine

did not apply because Agbaosi failed to present evidence that any other alleged

harassment was motivated by discriminatory animus. See Surrell v. Cal. Water

1 Opara v. Yellen, 57 F.4th 709, 721 (9th Cir. 2023).

2 Domingo ex rel. Domingo v. T.K., 289 F.3d 600, 605 (9th Cir. 2002); see

also United States v. Hinkson, 585 F.3d 1247, 1261–62 (9th Cir. 2009) (en banc). 

The district court did not abuse its discretion when it declined to consider evidence

that was not clearly and specifically referenced in the moving papers. See Carmen

v. S.F. Unified Sch. Dist., 237 F.3d 1026, 1031 (9th Cir. 2001); see also Domingo,

289 F.3d at 605.

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 We may affirm the grant of summary judgment on any ground supported

by the record. Am. Fed’n of Musicians v. Paramount Pictures Corp., 903 F.3d

968, 981 (9th Cir. 2018). 

2
Serv. Co., 518 F.3d 1097, 1108–09 (9th Cir. 2008); see also Nat’l R.R. Passenger

Corp. v. Morgan, 536 U.S. 101, 116–17, 122 S. Ct. 2061, 2074, 153 L. Ed. 2d 106

(2002); cf. Reynaga v. Roseburg Forest Prods., 847 F.3d 678, 687–88 (9th Cir.

2017). Moreover, the claim was not subject to equitable tolling because, among

other things, Agbaosi had experience filing both Title VII complaints with the

Equal Employment Opportunity Commission and actions based thereon. See 29

C.F.R. § 1614.105(a)(2); Irwin v. Dep’t of Veterans Affs., 498 U.S. 89, 96–97, 111

S. Ct. 453, 457–58, 112 L. Ed. 2d 435 (1990); Lyons, 307 F.3d at 1105 & n.5. The

evidence did not raise a material issue regarding tolling. 

Summary judgment was proper on Agbaosi’s Title VII retaliation claim

because, among other things, he failed to show that Defendant’s reasons for calling

the threat assessment meeting and lowering his performance review rating were

pretextual. See Villiarimo v. Aloha Island Air, Inc., 281 F.3d 1054, 1062–63 (9th

Cir. 2002).

Summary judgment was proper on Agbaosi’s ADEA claim because he failed

to identify any evidence that his age was a but-for cause of differential treatment. 

See Babb v. Wilkie, __ U.S. __, 140 S. Ct. 1168, 1173, 206 L. Ed. 2d 432 (2020).

We do not consider arguments or evidence raised for the first time on appeal

or matters not specifically and distinctly raised and argued in the opening brief.

3
See Coomes v. Edmonds Sch. Dist. No. 15, 816 F.3d 1255, 1261 n.4 (9th Cir.

2016); USA Petroleum Co. v. Atl. Richfield Co., 13 F.3d 1276, 1279 (9th Cir.

1994); see also Padgett v. Wright, 587 F.3d 983, 985, 985 n.2 (9th Cir. 2009) (per

curiam).

AFFIRMED. All pending motions are DENIED.

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