Exhibit 3.1

                AMENDED AND RESTATED CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION

                                       OF

                             GLOBAL GOLD CORPORATION

It is hereby certified that:


                  1. (a) The present name of the corporation (hereinafter called
the "corporation") is Global Gold Corporation.

                           (b) The name under which the corporation was
originally  incorporated  is Triad  Energy  Corp.,  and the date of  filing  the
original  certificate of  incorporation of the corporation with the Secretary of
State of the State of Delaware is February 21, 1980.

                  2. The provisions of the certificate of incorporation of the
corporation as heretofore amended and/or supplemented, and as herein amended,
are hereby restated and integrated into the single instrument which is
hereinafter set forth, and which is entitled Amended and Restated Certificate of
Incorporation of Global Gold Corporation without any further amendments other
than the amendments herein certified and without any discrepancy between the
provisions of the certificate of incorporation as heretofore amended and
supplemented and the provisions of the said single instrument hereinafter set
forth.

                  3. The amendments and the restatement of the certificate of
incorporation herein certified have been duly adopted by the board of directors
and the stockholders of the corporation in accordance with the provisions of
Sections 228, 242, and 245 of the General Corporation Law of the State of
Delaware.

                  4. The certificate of incorporation of the corporation, as
amended and restated herein, shall at the effective time of this restated
certificate of incorporation read as follows:

               "AMENDED AND RESTATED CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION

                                       OF

                             GLOBAL GOLD CORPORATION


                  The undersigned, a natural person, for the purpose of
organizing a corporation for conducting the business and promoting the purposes
hereinafter stated, under the provisions and subject to the requirements of the
laws of the State of Delaware (particularly Chapter 1, Title 8 of the Delaware
Code and the acts amendatory thereof and supplemental thereto, and known,
identified and referred to as the "General Corporation law of the State of
Delaware"), hereby certifies that:

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                  FIRST:  The name of the corporation (hereinafter called the
"corporation") is

                             Global Gold Corporation

                  SECOND: The address, including street, number, city, and
county, of the registered office of the corporation in the State of Delaware is
2711 Centerville Road, Suite 400, City of Wilmington, Delaware 19808; and the
name of the registered agent of the corporation in the State of Delaware is
Corporation Service Company.

                  THIRD: The purpose of the corporation is to engage in any
lawful act or activity for which corporations may be organized under the General
Corporation Law of the State of Delaware.

                  FOURTH: The total number of shares of stock which the
corporation is authorized to issue is one hundred million (100,000,000) shares
of common stock, par value $.001 per share.

                  FIFTH:  The corporation is to have perpetual existence.

                  SIXTH: For the management of the business and for the conduct
of the affairs of the corporation, and in further definition, limitation and
regulation of the powers of the corporation and of its directors and of its
stockholders or any class thereof, as the case may be, it is further provided:

                  1. The management of the business and the conduct of the
         affairs of the corporation shall be vested in its Board of Directors.
         The number of directors which shall constitute the whole Board of
         Directors shall be fixed by, or in the manner provided in, the By-Laws.
         The phrase "whole Board" and the phrase "total number of directors"
         shall be deemed to have the same meaning, to wit, the total number of
         directors which the corporation would have if there were no vacancies.
         No election of directors need be by written ballot.

                  2. After the original or other By-Laws of the corporation have
         been adopted, amended, or repealed, as the case may be, in accordance
         with the provisions of Section 109 of the General Corporation Law of
         the State of Delaware, and, after the corporation has received any
         payment for any of its stock, the power to adopt, amend, or repeal the
         By-Laws of the corporation may be exercised by the Board of Directors
         of the corporation; provided, however, that any provision for the
         classification of directors of the corporation for staggered terms
         pursuant to the provisions of subsection (d) of Section 141 of the
         General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware shall be set forth in
         an initial By-Law or in a By-Law adopted by the stockholders entitled
         to vote of the corporation unless provisions for such classification
         shall be set forth in this certificate of incorporation.

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                  3. Whenever the corporation shall be authorized to issue only
         one class of stock, each outstanding share shall entitle the holder
         thereof to notice of, and the right to vote at, any meeting of
         stockholders. Whenever the corporation shall be authorized to issue
         more than one class of stock, no outstanding share of any class of
         stock which is denied voting power under the provisions of the
         certificate of incorporation shall entitle the holder thereof to the
         right to vote at any meeting of stockholders except as the provisions
         of paragraph (2) of subsection (b) of section 242 of the General
         Corporation Law of the State of Delaware shall otherwise require;
         provided, that no share of any such class which is otherwise denied
         voting power shall entitle the holder thereof to vote upon the increase
         or decrease in the number of authorized shares of said class.

                  SEVENTH: The corporation shall, to the fullest extent
permitted  by  Section  145 of the  General  Corporation  Law  of the  State  of
Delaware,  as the same may be amended and  supplemented,  indemnify  any and all
persons  whom it shall  have power to  indemnify  under  said  section  from and
against any and all of the expenses, liabilities or other matters referred to in
or covered by said section,  and the  indemnification  provided for herein shall
not be deemed  exclusive of any other rights to which those  indemnified  may be
entitled under any By-Law,  agreement,  vote of  stockholders  or  disinterested
directors or  otherwise,  both as to action in his  official  capacity and as to
action in another capacity while holding such office, and shall continue as to a
person who has ceased to be a  director,  officer,  employee  or agent and shall
inure to the  benefit  of the  heirs,  executors  and  administrators  of such a
person.

                  EIGHTH:  Whenever a compromise or arrangement is proposed
between this  corporation  and its creditors or any class of them and/or between
this  corporation  and its  stockholders  or any  class  of them,  any  court of
equitable jurisdiction within the State of Delaware may, on the application in a
summary way of this corporation or of any creditor or stockholder  thereof or on
the  application  of any receiver or receivers  appointed  for this  corporation
under the  provisions  of section 291 of Title 8 of the  Delaware  and/or of the
stockholders or class of stockholders of this  corporation,  as the case may be,
be summoned in such  manner as the said court  directs.  If a majority in number
representing  three-fourths  in value of the  creditors  or class of  creditors,
and/or of the stockholders or class of stockholders of this corporation,  as the
case may be, agree to any compromise or arrangement and to any reorganization of
this  corporation as a consequence of such compromise or  arrangement,  the said
compromise or arrangement  and the said  reorganization  shall, if sanctioned by
the court to which the said  application  has been  made,  be binding on all the
creditors  or class of  creditors,  and/or on all the  stockholders  or class of
stockholders,  of  this  corporation,  as the  case  may  be,  and  also on this
corporation.

<PAGE>

                  NINTH:   From time to time any of the provisions of this
certificate  of  incorporation  may be amended,  altered or repealed,  and other
provisions  authorized by the laws of the State of Delaware at the time in force
may be added or inserted in the manner and at the time  prescribed by said laws,
and all rights at any time conferred upon the stockholders of the corporation by
this certificate of incorporation  are granted subject to the provisions of this
Article NINTH.


                  TENTH:  The personal liability of the directors of the.
corporation is hereby  eliminated to the fullest  extent  permitted by paragraph
(7) of subsection (b) of Section 102 of the General Corporation Law of the State
of Delaware, as the same may be amended and supplemented."


Signed on November 20, 2003

  /s/ Drury J. Gallagher
Drury J. Gallagher, Chairman,
Chief Executive Officer and Treasurer