[Cite as Sassya v. Morgan, 2014-Ohio-3278.]

IN THE COURT OF APPEALS

ELEVENTH APPELLATE DISTRICT 

TRUMBULL COUNTY, OHIO 

LEBY SASSYA, : O P I N I O N 

 Plaintiff-Appellee, :

CASE NO. 2013-T-0084

 - vs - :

CAROL LYNNE MORGAN (f.k.a. SASSYA), :

 Defendant-Appellant. :

Civil Appeal from the Trumbull County Court of Common Pleas, Domestic Relations 

Division, Case No. 2011 DS 00293. 

Judgment: Reversed and remanded. 

Deborah L. Smith, Smith Law Firm, 109 North Diamond Street, Mercer, PA 16137 (For 

Plaintiff-Appellee). 

Mark I. Verkhlin, 839 Southwestern Run, Youngstown, OH 44514 (For DefendantAppellant). 

COLLEEN MARY O’TOOLE, J. 

{¶1} Appellant, Carol Lynne Morgan, appeals from the July 11, 2013 judgment 

of the Trumbull County Court of Common Pleas, Domestic Relations Division, granting 

a divorce to appellant and appellee, Leby Sassya. 

{¶2} This case presents a unique set of facts and circumstances. To 

summarize, this action began upon the filing of a petition for dissolution with an attached 

separation agreement. After determining that the separation agreement and dissolution 
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decree were not in agreement, the trial court vacated the dissolution decree. Upon 

motion, the matter was later converted into a divorce action and a divorce complaint 

was filed. However, the trial court failed to handle this case as a contested divorce 

proceeding. For the reasons discussed below, we reverse and remand. 

{¶3} By way of background, on December 18, 1994, Morgan and Sassya were 

married in Kuwait. From 1995 to 2009, five children were born as issue of the marriage. 

Sassya was employed at First Energy and earned a base annual salary of $60,000. 

Morgan was not employed and earned $0. 

{¶4} On August 30, 2011, the parties filed a petition for dissolution with an 

attached separation agreement. The separation agreement, i.e., the contract, contained 

terms covering all matters relating to the dissolution of the parties’ marriage, including 

various aspects of the division of the parties’ property and debt, spousal support (both 

parties waived spousal support), child support (Sassya agreed to pay $1,800 per 

month), and the allocation of parental rights and responsibilities. In regard to the 

allocation of parental rights, the separation agreement stated that the parties agreed to 

share the rights and responsibilities of their children. Attached to the separation 

agreement was the Trumbull County Standard Companionship Rules. 

{¶5} Following a hearing, the trial court filed a dissolution decree on October 3, 

2011 granting the parties a dissolution on the grounds of incompatibility. The 

dissolution decree correctly set forth all the terms of the separation agreement 

pertaining to the parties’ agreed upon property division as well as spousal and child 

support issues. However, the dissolution decree did not correctly set forth the parties’ 
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agreement relating to the allocation of parental rights. Rather, the dissolution decree 

provided that Morgan shall be the custodial residential parent for all five children. 

{¶6} Due to the inconsistency between the separation agreement and the 

dissolution decree, Sassya filed a motion on January 30, 2012 to modify the dissolution 

decree to conform to the separation agreement and to modify the parenting order and 

child support payments. In support of his motion, Sassya indicated that he has been 

the residential parent for the two eldest children on a continuous and uninterrupted 

basis. Three months later, Sassya filed an amended motion requesting that the court 

vacate the dissolution decree because it failed to incorporate the terms of the 

separation agreement regarding the parenting of the minor children. 

{¶7} A hearing was held before a magistrate on May 2, 2012. Pursuant to his 

decision, the magistrate ordered companionship, scheduled a hearing to correct the 

differences between the separation agreement and dissolution decree, and appointed a 

guardian ad litem for the minor children. Two days later, the trial court adopted the 

magistrate’s decision. 

{¶8} However, on June 13, 2012, the trial court determined that the separation 

agreement and dissolution decree were not in agreement and thus, vacated the 

dissolution decree. The court did so without revisiting the parties’ separation agreement 

which was part of the order of dissolution. Thus, the parties’ separation agreement that 

they had entered into was no longer valid and was essentially found to be void by the 

trial court. 

{¶9} No appeal was filed as a result of the trial court’s judgment. Rather, on 

June 15, 2012, Sassya filed a motion to convert the matter into a divorce action. The 
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court granted Sassya’s motion. On June 19, 2012, Sassya filed a complaint in divorce, 

i.e., a brand new action, to which Morgan filed an answer. 

{¶10} On October 3, 2012, the magistrate issued an order, which was filed two 

days later, setting forth a temporary custody and companionship schedule as well as a 

temporary child support order. Sassya was directed to pay child support in the sum of 

$743 per month. Two months later, the magistrate issued another order in which the 

parties agreed and it was determined that the termination date of the marriage was 

September 12, 2011. 

{¶11} On January 11, 2013, Sassya filed a motion for summary judgment on the 

issue of property division. In his motion, Sassya alleged that the separation agreement 

had resolved all of the property issues. He also asserted that following the dissolution 

decree, the parties had complied with all of the terms pertaining to the property issues. 

{¶12} Morgan filed a response two months later. In her response, Morgan 

asserted that she had waived all property claims including her claims to Sassya’s 

pension and retirement plans and for spousal support, despite an inequity in income, in 

exchange for his agreement to pay $1,800 per month in child support, an upward 

deviation from the Child Support Guidelines. She further claimed that once the 

dissolution decree was vacated, all issues were to be revisited, and that Sassya’s 

motion sought an inequitable distribution. 

{¶13} On April 24, 2013, the magistrate ordered that summary judgment be 

granted in favor of Sassya after determining all property issues were resolved. Morgan 

filed a motion to set aside the magistrate’s order pursuant to Civ.R. 53(D)(2)(b) and a 

motion for stay, which were denied by the trial court on May 15, 2013. 
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{¶14} A final hearing was held on July 10, 2013. No transcript from that hearing 

was filed. The next day, the trial court filed a divorce decree granting the parties a 

divorce on the ground of uninterrupted separation. The court decreed that the marital 

property had been divided and that no issue remained concerning the division of 

property. The court ordered that neither party shall pay spousal support to the other. 

Further, pursuant to prior orders, the court named Sassya as the residential parent and 

legal custodian of the parties’ two eldest children, and named Morgan as the residential 

parent and legal custodian of their three youngest children. The court indicated that the 

parties shall continue to comply with the court’s parenting and companionship 

guidelines on a reciprocal basis so that all five children are together during all 

companionship periods. The court preserved its prior order that Sassya pay $743 per 

month in child support. Morgan filed a timely appeal and asserts the following 

assignment of error for our review: 

{¶15} “The Trial Court committed reversible error when it granted Summary 

Judgment to Plaintiff-Appellee, Leby Sassya and determining that all property issues 

were resolved when the entire Decree of Dissolution was vacated instead of reopening 

the entire case.” 

{¶16} In her sole assignment of error, Morgan argues that the trial court erred in 

granting Sassya’s motion for summary judgment. She asserts that a genuine issue of 

material fact exists concerning whether the property distribution was fair and equitable 

when, in fact, the court vacated the entire dissolution decree but did not allow issues 

regarding property division to be revisited. 
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{¶17} At the outset, we note that after the trial court vacated the dissolution 

decree, a brand new action was created upon the later filing of Sassya’s divorce 

complaint. As such, a new legal burden was imposed upon the trial court and the 

parties. The court was to proceed under Ohio’s divorce statutes and review the matter 

under the applicable summary judgment standard. The court had an independent 

obligation to review and divide the parties’ martial property equally. Our review of the 

record, however, reveals that it did not. Thus, based on the foregoing and for the 

reasons discussed below, we agree with Morgan that the trial court erred. 

{¶18} We begin by addressing the standard of review in summary judgment 

proceedings. We initially note that although not routinely utilized in domestic relations 

matters, the Supreme Court of Ohio has held that “[s]ummary judgment is not prohibited 

in divorce proceedings. In fact, Civ.R. 75(A) provides that the Rules of Civil Procedure 

‘shall apply in actions for divorce (* * *).’” Zimmie v. Zimmie, 11 Ohio St.3d 94, 96 

(1984). 

{¶19} “Summary judgment is a procedural tool that terminates litigation and thus 

should be entered with circumspection. Davis v. Loopco Industries, Inc., 66 Ohio St.3d 

64, 66 * * * (1993). Summary judgment is proper where (1) there is no genuine issue of 

material fact remaining to be litigated; (2) the movant is entitled to judgment as a matter 

of law; and (3) it appears from the evidence that reasonable minds can come to but one 

conclusion, and, viewing the evidence in the non-moving party’s favor, that conclusion 

favors the movant. See, e.g., Civ.R. 56(C).

{¶20} “When considering a motion for summary judgment, the trial court may not 

weigh the evidence or select among reasonable inferences. Dupler v. Mansfield 
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Journal Co., 64 Ohio St.2d 116, 121 * * * (1980). Rather, all doubts and questions must 

be resolved in the non-moving party’s favor. Murphy v. Reynoldsburg, 65 Ohio St.3d 

356, 359 * * * (1992). Hence, a trial court is required to overrule a motion for summary 

judgment where conflicting evidence exists and alternative reasonable inferences can 

be drawn. Pierson v. Norfork Southern Corp., 11th Dist. No. 2002-A-0061, 2003-Ohio6682, ¶36. In short, the central issue on summary judgment is, ‘whether the evidence 

presents sufficient disagreement to require submission to a jury or whether it is so onesided that one party must prevail as a matter of law.’ Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 

477 U.S. 242, 251-252 * * * (1986). On appeal, we review a trial court’s entry of 

summary judgment de novo. Grafton v. Ohio Edison Co., 77 Ohio St.3d 102, 105 * * * 

(1996).” Meloy v. Circle K Store, 11th Dist. Portage No. 2012-P-0158, 2013-Ohio-2837, 

¶5-6. (Parallel citations omitted.) 

{¶21} As stated, this case initially began on August 30, 2011 upon the parties’ 

filing of a petition for dissolution with an attached separation agreement. However, this 

case later became a contested divorce proceeding upon Sassya’s filing of a divorce 

complaint on June 19, 2012, following the trial court’s vacation of the dissolution decree. 

For ease of discussion, we will address the dissolution and separation agreement first.

{¶22} Regarding dissolutions and separation agreements, R.C. 3105.63(A)(1) 

provides in part: 

{¶23} “A petition for dissolution of marriage shall be signed by both spouses and 

shall have attached and incorporated a separation agreement agreed to by both 

spouses. The separation agreement shall provide for a division of all property; spousal 

support; if there are minor children of the marriage, the allocation of parental rights and 
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responsibilities for the care of the minor children, the designation of a residential parent 

and legal custodian of the minor children, child support, and parenting time rights; and, 

if the spouses so desire, an authorization for the court to modify the amount or terms of 

spousal support, or the division of property, provided in the separation agreement. * * *”

{¶24} “[A] separation agreement is a contract and is subject to the same rules of 

construction.” In re Netotea, 11th Dist. Trumbull No. 2004-T-0120, 2006-Ohio-1445, 

¶21, citing Ronyak v. Ronyak, 11th Dist. Geuaga No. 2001-G-2383, 2002-Ohio-6698, 

¶10. “‘“A contract is generally defined as a promise, or a set of promises, actionable 

upon breach. Essential elements of a contract include an offer, acceptance, contractual 

capacity, consideration (the bargained for legal benefit and/or detriment), a 

manifestation of mutual assent and legality of object and of consideration.”’ Kostelnik v. 

Helper, 96 Ohio St.3d 1, 2002-Ohio-2985, ¶16, quoting Perlmuter Printing Co. v. 

Strome, Inc., 436 F.Supp. 409, 414 (N.D. Ohio 1976).” Phinizee v. Phinizee, 11th Dist. 

Lake No. 2013-L-081, 2014-Ohio-1360, ¶8. 

{¶25} “[T]he court in a dissolution proceeding divides property according to the 

terms of the separation agreement when the court approves the agreement, which is a 

necessary predicate to the decree of dissolution the court grants.” Nardecchia v. 

Nardecchia, 155 Ohio App.3d 40, 2003-Ohio-5410, ¶8 (2d Dist.2003). “‘[M]utual 

consent to a separation agreement is a prerequisite to a valid judgment of dissolution * * 

*. To vacate one without vacating the other would be repugnant to the purposes of the 

legislation.’” In re Valentine, 5th Dist. Guernsey No. CA-785, 1986 Ohio App. LEXIS 

5635, *6 (Feb. 5, 1986), quoting Anderson v. Anderson, 13 Ohio App.3d 194 (2d 

Dist.1984). 
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{¶26} Although a trial court retains jurisdiction to enforce and interpret 

separation agreements, it does not retain jurisdiction to modify the agreement’s terms, 

i.e., matters pertaining to spousal support, issues involving division of property, that are 

incorporated in a dissolution decree. See McClain v. McClain, 15 Ohio St.3d 289, 290 

(1984); Parsons v. Parsons, 4th Dist. Jackson No. 96CA791, 1997 Ohio App. LEXIS 

3870, *7 (Aug. 15, 1997). 

{¶27} In this case, the record reveals that the parties entered into a separation 

agreement, i.e., a contract, pursuant to R.C. 3105.63(A)(1). Under the contract, 

Morgan agreed to waive any claims to marital property, such as pension and retirement 

plans (specific amounts not provided), as well as agreed to waive her claim for spousal 

support, despite an inequity in income. It appears that in exchange for the foregoing 

considerations, the parties agreed that Sassya would pay $1,800 per month in child 

support, an upward deviation from the Child Support Guidelines. Specifically, the 

separation agreement states: “The above child support amount [$1,800] deviates from 

the Child Support Guidelines and is based on the following facts: This amount has 

been agreed upon by both parties as a fair and reasonable amount to allow the children 

to enjoy the standard of living to which they are accustomed.” 

{¶28} In addition, under the terms of the separation agreement, Sassya retained 

the marital property, 1463 Stanley Drive, Girard, Trumbull County, Ohio 44420, free 

from any claims from Morgan. The approximate equity in the real estate was $120,000 

with a mortgage balance of about $18,500. Although specific amounts were not 

provided, Sassya maintained a life insurance plan, Home Depot stocks, a savings plan, 

and a 401k. In exchange, Morgan accepted a one-time settlement of $46,000 and 
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signed off on all but the life insurance plan. Also, three motor vehicles were divided 

between the parties. Sassya took two, a Ford Taurus and a Ford F-150. Morgan took 

one, a GMC Envoy. 

{¶29} Upon review, it is troubling that the trial court vacated the dissolution 

decree without revisiting the parties’ separation agreement, including the terms that they 

had agreed upon. As the dissolution decree was voided, so too was the separation 

agreement. Trial courts should not go back and re-negotiate parts of an original 

agreement that parties have already contracted to. Stated differently, trial courts should 

not piecemeal parts of a contract. By vacating the entire order in this case, the trial 

court violated what the parties agreed to, thereby destroying the meeting of the minds 

element under the contract. 

{¶30} In any event, however, this case was converted into a contested divorce 

action. Thus, we now turn our focus from the dissolution and separation agreement to 

the divorce proceeding. As addressed below, the trial court failed to properly analyze 

and divide the parties’ property in an equal fashion. 

{¶31} In making a division of marital property R.C. 3105.171(F) provides that the 

trial court shall consider all of the following factors: 

{¶32} “(1) The duration of the marriage; 

{¶33} “(2) The assets and liabilities of the spouses; 

{¶34} “(3) The desirability of awarding the family home, or the right to reside in 

the family home for reasonable periods of time, to the spouse with custody of the 

children of the marriage; 

{¶35} “(4) The liquidity of the property to be distributed; 
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{¶36} “(5) The economic desirability of retaining intact an asset or an interest in 

an asset; 

{¶37} “(6) The tax consequences of the property division upon the respective 

awards to be made to each spouse; 

{¶38} “(7) The costs of sale, if it is necessary that an asset be sold to effectuate 

an equitable distribution of property; 

{¶39} “(8) Any division or disbursement of property made in a separation 

agreement that was voluntarily entered into by the spouses; 

{¶40} “(9) Any retirement benefits of the spouses, excluding the social security 

benefits of a spouse except as may be relevant for purposes of dividing a public 

pension; 

{¶41} “(10) Any other factor that the court expressly finds to be relevant and 

equitable.” 

{¶42} In this case, Sassya sought a reduction in child support and a modification 

of the parenting agreement which resulted in the vacation of the dissolution decree and 

the conversion of the matter into a divorce proceeding. Thereafter, the magistrate 

directed Sassya to pay $743 per month in child support. 

{¶43} Sassya later filed a summary judgment motion on the issue of property 

division alleging that the separation agreement had resolved all property issues. 

However, in her response, Morgan alleged that she had waived all property claims in 

exchange for Sassya’s prior agreement to pay $1,800 per month in child support, an 

upward deviation. Thus, a genuine issue of material fact exists as to whether the 

property distribution was fair and equitable. Nevertheless, the magistrate ordered that 
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summary judgment be granted in favor of Sassya. In response, Morgan filed a motion 

to set aside the magistrate’s order, again asserting that she had waived all property 

claims in exchange for Sassya’s prior agreement to pay $1,800 per month in child 

support, an upward deviation. Morgan stressed that that property division was not 

equitable under R.C. 3105.171. However, the following week, the trial court issued a 

judgment entry which states in its entirety: “Defendant’s Motion to Set Aside 

Magistrate’s Order of April 24, 2013 is hereby Denied.” 

{¶44} In addition, a review of the divorce decree, as addressed above, reveals 

that the trial court did not consider all the factors provided for in R.C. 3105.171(F). 

Specifically, the court failed to address R.C. 3105.171(F)(2), (3), (4), (5), (6), (7), and (9) 

in the divorce decree. The court failed to provide a sufficient written explanation to 

support the determination that it made an equitable division of property pursuant to R.C. 

3105.171(C). 

{¶45} Upon consideration, assuming that the trial court had jurisdiction to vacate 

the dissolution decree, after it did so, all issues should have been revisited. One issue 

in particular is that of custody, including support, as it appears there was no meeting of 

the minds. However, the trial court cannot determine spousal support and child support 

until after an equitable property division is completed. 

{¶46} Based on the facts presented, the court should have allowed the matter to 

be fully litigated and should have provided Morgan with an opportunity to be heard as to 

whether the property division was fair and equitable. Clearly, the trial court did not 

comply with all of the R.C. 3105.171 factors and did not fashion an equal award based 

on the facts presented. The trial court failed in its obligation to review and divide the 
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property equally. Thus, because reasonable minds could come to differing conclusions,

we determine the trial court erred in granting summary judgment in Sassya’s favor. The 

trial court shall determine an equitable property division and then reassess, inter alia, 

the issues of spousal support and child support. 

{¶47} For the foregoing reasons, appellant’s sole assignment of error is welltaken. The judgment of the Trumbull County Court of Common Pleas, Domestic 

Relations Division, is reversed and the matter is remanded for further proceedings 

consistent with this opinion. It is ordered that appellee is assessed costs herein taxed. 

DIANE V. GRENDELL, J., concurs in judgment only with a Concurring Opinion, 

CYNTHIA WESTCOTT RICE, J., concurs in judgment only. 

______________________ 

DIANE V. GRENDELL, J., concurs in judgment only with a Concurring Opinion. 

{¶48} I concur in the judgment of this court, reversing and remanding this matter 

for further proceedings, although I do so on different grounds. 

{¶49} The opinion concludes that, since “the dissolution decree was voided, so 

too was the separation agreement,” and also notes that vacating the order “destroy[ed] 

the meeting of the minds element” under the separation agreement. This does not take 

into account the fact that the separation agreement contains a clause allowing it to 

survive beyond dissolution proceedings and be presented during the subsequent 

divorce. 
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{¶50} Case law establishes that a separation agreement can be presented after 

a petition for dissolution is dismissed, under certain circumstances. In this case, the 

separation agreement included the following provision: “If either Husband or Wife 

should begin an action for Divorce, Dissolution of Marriage, or for Legal Separation * * * 

this Agreement shall be disclosed and presented to the court in such proceedings, with 

the request that if it be adjudicated to be fair, just and proper, that this Agreement and 

all its terms and provisions shall be adopted by this court and made a final order of this 

court.” 

{¶51} Under this same language, it has been held that a separation agreement, 

pursuant to its express provision, survives a motion to convert a dissolution action into a 

divorce. Shepherd v. Shepherd, 10th Dist. Franklin No. 99AP-226, 1999 Ohio App. 

LEXIS 6505, 8 (Dec. 28, 1999) (“the dismissal of a dissolution action does not 

automatically invalidate the separation agreement” when the language in the agreement 

suggests that it “was intended to survive a dismissal of dissolution and render the 

separation agreement a matter for the trial court’s consideration”); Greiner v. Greiner, 

61 Ohio App.2d 88, 97, 399 N.E.2d 571 (8th Dist.1979) (a separation agreement is 

generally a binding contract, but not when entered into solely for the purposes of 

dissolution and the dissolution is dismissed). 

{¶52} While this case is somewhat different, in that the matter was not dismissed 

prior to the entry of a decree of dissolution, the separation agreement should not have 

been completely invalidated when the decree of dissolution was vacated. The decree 

was vacated due to inconsistencies that have no bearing on the validity of the 

separation agreement. It would appear that the separation agreement should still have 
 15

been considered by the trial court in the context of the divorce proceedings, since it was 

intended by the parties to be presented. The divorce proceedings, then, cannot be 

considered “contested” for the purpose of reconsidering the property valuation, as the 

separation agreement survived the vacation of the dissolution decree. 

{¶53} Although the parties’ separation agreement reflects the intent for the 

agreement to be presented to the trial court in the divorce proceedings, it does not 

appear that the agreement was considered by the court, since it is not mentioned in the 

Decree of Divorce or adopted in any way. For example, the separation agreement 

states that the issue of spousal support is reviewable in the future, but the Decree of 

Divorce states the opposite. See Haverdick v. Haverdick, 11th Dist. Trumbull No. 2012-

T-0085, 2013-Ohio-4303, ¶ 12, fn. 1 (jurisdiction can be reserved to revisit spousal 

support when agreed to by the parties). It was not proper to apply only the previous 

determination of property value without also addressing the remainder of the separation 

agreement. 

{¶54} For the foregoing reasons, I concur in judgment only.