United States Department of Labor

Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board

__________________________________________

K.T., Appellant

and

U.S. POSTAL SERVICE, ELMWOOD POST 

OFFICE, Providence, RI, Employer

__________________________________________

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Docket No. 18-0927

Issued: May 13, 2020

Appearances: Case Submitted on the Record

Appellant, pro se

Office of Solicitor, for the Director

DECISION AND ORDER

Before:

CHRISTOPHER J. GODFREY, Deputy Chief Judge

JANICE B. ASKIN, Judge

PATRICIA H. FITZGERALD, Alternate Judge

JURISDICTION

On April 3, 2018 appellant filed a timely appeal from a January 4, 2018 merit decision and 

a March 14, 2018 nonmerit decision of the Office of Workers’ Compensation Programs (OWCP). 

Pursuant to the Federal Employees’ Compensation Act1(FECA) and 20 C.F.R. §§ 501.2(c) and 

501.3, the Board has jurisdiction over the merits of this case.2

ISSUES

The issues are: (1) whether appellant has met his burden of proof to establish a recurrence

of disability commencing April 26, 2017, causally related to his accepted March 13, 2017 

 

1 5 U.S.C. § 8101 et seq.

2 The Board notes that, following the March 14, 2018 decision, OWCP received additional evidence. However, 

the Board’s Rules of Procedure provides: “The Board’s review of a case is limited to the evidence in the case record 

that was before OWCP at the time of its final decision. Evidence not before OWCP will not be considered by the 

Board for the first time on appeal.” 20 C.F.R. § 501.2(c)(1). Thus, the Board is precluded from reviewing this 

additional evidence for the first time on appeal. Id. 
2

employment injury; and (2) whether OWCP properly denied appellant’s request for 

reconsideration of the merits of his claim pursuant to 5 U.S.C. § 8128(a).

FACTUAL HISTORY

On March 15, 2017 appellant, then a 60-year-old letter carrier, filed a traumatic injury 

claim (Form CA-1) alleging that on March 13, 2017 he sustained a bruised and swollen right foot 

when he hit his foot on a berm while in the performance of duty. He stopped work on March 15, 

2017 and returned to full-time limited-duty work on March 16, 2017. 

In a March 15, 2017 attending physician’s report, Dr. Oliver Gherardi, an osteopathic 

physician specializing in family medicine, diagnosed right foot contusion and advised that 

appellant could resume light duty on March 16, 2017. On March 20, 2017 he released appellant 

to full duty without restrictions, effective March 21, 2017. 

On April 26, 2017 appellant filed a recurrence (Form CA-2a) claiming total disability from 

work commencing that day. He indicated that his foot problem never went away, and that he had 

continued to experience pain, swelling, and discomfort since the March 13, 2017 injury. The

employing establishment confirmed that appellant had returned to work on March 16, 2017. 

In an April 26, 2017 injury status form report and a duty status report (Form CA-17),

Dr. Gherardi diagnosed dislocation of the second right toe. He advised that appellant was unable 

to work until he was examined by a podiatrist. 

In a letter dated May 8, 2017, OWCP notified appellant that, when his claim was first

received, it appeared to be a minor injury that resulted in minimal or no lost time from work and 

had not been formally considered. It informed him that his claim had been reopened for 

consideration because he had filed a claim of recurrence and, following adjudication, his claim 

had been accepted for right foot contusion. 

In a May 12, 2017 form report, Dr. Aaron Milam, a podiatrist, advised that he had 

examined appellant that day for an injury to his second right toe. He indicated that the condition 

began on March 13, 2016 and that appellant could return to his regular job on May 15, 2017. 

In a development letter dated May 31, 2017, OWCP advised appellant that, since his 

recurrence claim had been filed within 45 days of his March 13, 2017 employment injury, he was 

still eligible for continuation of pay (COP). It also informed him that the medical evidence 

submitted was insufficient to establish a recurrence of disability, noting that, to establish his 

recurrence claim, he must show a worsening of his original injury without an intervening injury or 

new exposure such that he was no longer able to work. OWCP requested that appellant respond 

to specific questions regarding the April 26, 2017 date of alleged recurrence and that he submit 

medical evidence, which explained why he was unable to work during his claimed disability period 

as a result of his accepted injury. It afforded him 30 days to submit additional evidence. 

Appellant forwarded March 15 and 20, 2017 treatment notes in which Dr. Gherardi 

described examination findings and diagnosed a right foot contusion. In an April 26, 2017 

treatment note, Dr. Gherardi described appellant’s continued complaint of right foot pain and 
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swelling. He provided examination findings and diagnosed a right foot dislocated second toe. 

Dr. Gherardi indicated that appellant would follow-up with a podiatrist. 

In a May 12, 2017 treatment note, Dr. Milam noted a history that on March 13, 2017 

appellant injured his right foot while working. He reported pain on palpation to the second 

metatarsophalangeal (MPJ) joint of the right foot and observed a dislocated second digit in a 

dorsally contracted position. Dr. Milam indicated that a right foot x-ray showed a dorsally 

dislocated position of the second toe on the MPJ joint. He advised that appellant’s presentation

was consistent with a post-traumatic dislocated second toe with bursitis/synovitis. Dr. Milam 

diagnosed closed dislocation of the MPJ joint of the right foot, bursitis of the second right 

metatarsal, and right-sided metatarsalgia. In a May 13, 2017 Form CA-17 report, he indicated that 

appellant could resume full-time regular duty on May 15, 2017.3 

On July 3, 2017 appellant forwarded his completed OWCP development questionnaire. He 

wrote the that he injured his right foot on March 13, 2017 when he banged it on a cement curb and

that he had worked light duty for one week. Appellant maintained that his current disability was 

due to his original injury because the injury had not healed and his symptoms were continuous. 

By decision dated July 5, 2017, OWCP denied appellant’s request to expand his claim to 

include the additional conditions of a dislocation and bursitis of the second right toe because the 

medical evidence submitted failed to establish that these conditions were causally related to the 

accepted March 13, 2017 injury. It also denied his claim for a recurrence of disability, effective 

April 26, 2017, because the medical evidence of record was insufficient to establish that his 

disability from work was causally related to the accepted injury. 

On July 28, 2017 appellant requested a hearing before OWCP’s Branch of Hearings and 

Review. He explained that the March 13, 2017 injury had not healed so he sought further medical 

treatment in May 2017. Appellant maintained that, if the employing establishment had allowed 

him to see a podiatrist when the original injury occurred, he would have received a proper 

diagnosis and treatment. 

In a July 14, 2017 treatment note, Dr. Milam noted appellant’s complaint of continued right 

foot discomfort. Right foot examination findings included pain on palpation of the second MPJ 

joint. Dr. Milam repeated his opinion that appellant had a traumatically-induced dislocated second 

toe on the right foot that was in a dorsally contracted position. He also noted a recurrent bunion 

deformity. Dr. Milam diagnosed closed dislocation of MPJ joint of the right foot, bursitis of the 

second right metatarsal, and right-sided metatarsalgia. 

In correspondence dated August 4, 2017, Dr. Milam provided a summary of appellant’s 

treatment following the March 13, 2017 employment injury. He indicated that this caused a 

dislocation type injury of the second toe that had worsened to the point of requiring surgical 

correction to realign the toe. Dr. Milam advised that the second toe and great toe had become 

somewhat impinged upon each other which necessitated bunion correction as part of the surgical 

procedure. He opined that the need for surgery was causally related to the March 13, 2017 injury, 

 

3 The record does not indicate when appellant returned to work.
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advising that current x-rays showed that the dislocation was in a position that was not reducible 

without surgical correction. 

In an August 21, 2017 letter, Dr. Gherardi reported first examining appellant on March 15, 

2017 for a work injury that occurred two days prior. He indicated that appellant had developed 

some swelling, bruising, and pain in appellant’s right foot, primarily in his second toe. 

Dr. Gherardi advised that an x-ray was reported as not showing any acute abnormality, and that he 

advised appellant that he could return to light-duty work. He indicated that he next saw appellant 

on March 20, 2017 when appellant reported that his symptoms had improved and asked to return 

to full duty. Dr. Gherardi indicated that appellant had returned on April 26, 2017 complaining of 

a painful and swollen second toe. He advised that x-ray at that time showed a subluxation of the 

toe, and he referred appellant to podiatry for further care and treatment. 

In a September 19, 2017 addendum to his August 4, 2017 report, Dr. Milam explained that,

in reviewing his previous report, he found that additional information was necessary to complete 

appellant’s medical summary. He reported that the mechanism of injury described by appellant 

would place significant force through his forefoot, specifically the second MPJ joint causing 

tearing and subsequent dislocation of the digit. Dr. Milam noted that this type of injury was often 

not noted on initial x-ray because it was a soft tissue injury that resulted in dislocation. He 

indicated that a strong enough force applied to this area would cause bursitis and inflammation of 

the metatarsal head and structures, as well as stretching out and tearing of the same structures,

which would result in destabilization. Dr. Milam opined that not only would the impact damage 

the joint, but it would also force the tendons to contract and stretch across ligaments in response 

to the impact and create further damage. 

On October 19, 2017 appellant withdrew his request for an oral hearing and indicated that 

he would like a review of the written record. 

By decision dated January 4, 2018, an OWCP hearing representative affirmed in part and 

reversed in part the July 5, 2017 OWCP decision. She noted appellant’s assertion that, if the 

employing establishment had not “forced [appellant]” to go to urgent care rather than seeing a 

podiatrist, he would have received a more accurate diagnosis earlier. The hearing representative 

found that the medical evidence submitted was sufficient to support a causal relationship between 

the March 13, 2017 employment incident and appellant’s right second toe condition. She, 

however, also affirmed the denial of his recurrence claim finding that the medical evidence was 

insufficient to establish that he was disabled from work commencing April 26, 2017 due to the 

March 13, 2017 employment injury. 

On January 5, 2018 OWCP expanded appellant’s claim to include closed dislocation of 

MPJ joint of the right foot and bursitis of the second right metatarsal. 

On February 9, 2018 appellant requested reconsideration. He noted that he had wanted to 

see a podiatrist when the injury occurred in March 2017, but that the postmaster did not want him 

to wait until the next day and instructed him to go to an urgent care facility. Appellant reiterated 

that Dr. Gherardi had not noticed the dislocation of his second toe because Dr. Gherardi is not a 

podiatrist. He reported that he returned to see Dr. Gherardi in April 2017 because his foot had 
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deteriorated since his last visit, and Dr. Gherardi had no other option, but to hold appellant off

work until he could see a specialist. 

In a February 2, 2018 treatment note, Dr. Milam indicated that appellant’s right foot 

surgery had been approved, and he was seeing appellant for a preoperative consultation. He 

described findings on examination and noted that appellant had continued to work with discomfort 

and with the help of supportive hiking boots or low-cut hiking shoes. Dr. Milam advised that 

appellant would likely be out of work for 11 to 12 weeks following surgery. 

By decision dated March 14, 2018, OWCP denied reconsideration of the merits of 

appellant’s claim. It noted that the medical report he submitted was immaterial or irrelevant 

because it did not address the issue of his claimed disability. OWCP concluded that appellant had 

not met the requirements of 5 U.S.C. § 8128(a) sufficient to warrant merit review. 

LEGAL PRECEDENT -- ISSUE 1

Under FECA the term “disability” means the incapacity, because of an employment injury, 

to earn the wages that the employee was receiving at the time of injury.4 Disability is thus not 

synonymous with physical impairment, which may or may not result in an incapacity to earn 

wages.5 An employee who has a physical impairment causally related to a federal employment 

injury, but who nevertheless has the capacity to earn the wages he or she was receiving at the time 

of injury, has no disability as that term is used in FECA.6 When, however, the medical evidence 

establishes that the residuals or sequelae of an employment injury are such that, from a medical 

standpoint, they prevent the employee from continuing in his or her employment, he or she is 

entitled to compensation for loss of wages.7

OWCP’s implementing regulations define a recurrence of disability as an inability to work 

after an employee has returned to work, caused by a spontaneous change in a medical condition, 

which resulted from a previous injury or illness without an intervening injury or new exposure to 

the work environment.8

An employee who claims a recurrence of disability due to an accepted employment-related 

injury has the burden of proof to establish by the weight of the substantial, reliable, and probative 

evidence that the disability for which he or she claims compensation is causally related to the 

accepted injury. This burden of proof requires that a claimant furnish medical evidence from a 

physician who, on the basis of a complete and accurate factual and medical history, concludes that, 

for each period of disability claimed, the disabling condition is causally related to the employment 

 

4 20 C.F.R. § 10.5(f); see J.S., Docket No. 19-1035 (issued January 24, 2020).

5 See J.R., Docket No. 19-0120 (issued September 11, 2019).

6 A.P., Docket No. 19-0446 (issued July 10, 2019).

7

Id.

8 Supra note 4 at § 10.5(x).
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injury, and supports that conclusion with medical reasoning.9 Where no such rationale is present, 

the medical evidence is of diminished probative value.10

ANALYSIS -- ISSUE 1

The Board finds that appellant has not met his burden of proof to establish a recurrence of 

disability commencing April 26, 2017 causally related to his accepted March 13, 2017 employment 

injury.

OWCP initially accepted a right foot contusion caused by the March 13, 2017 injury. On 

January 5, 2018 it expanded the claim to include dislocation of the MPJ joint of appellant’s right 

second toe. 

In support of his recurrence claim, appellant submitted an April 26, 2017 Form CA-17

report in which Dr. Gherardi diagnosed dislocation of appellant’s second right toe. Dr. Gherardi 

advised that appellant was unable to work until he was examined by a podiatrist. On August 21, 

2017 he additionally indicated that when he saw appellant on April 26, 2017 appellant was 

complaining of a painful and swollen second toe. Dr. Gherardi advised that an x-ray at that time 

showed a subluxation of the toe and that he had referred appellant to a podiatrist. He did not 

comment on disability from work at that time. While appellant had not seen a podiatrist until 

May 12, 2017, the Board finds that Dr. Gherardi did not provide a rationalized medical opinion 

explaining why appellant’s employment injury prevented him from working for the claimed 

period. Rather, Dr. Gherardi’s mere conclusory opinion, without the necessary rationale 

explaining how and why the employment injury caused disability from work, is insufficient to 

establish appellant’s claim.11

Appellant first saw Dr. Milam on May 12, 2017. In his note, Dr. Milam provided 

examination findings, diagnosed a post-traumatic dislocated second toe with bursitis/synovitis, and 

advised that appellant could return to full duty on May 15, 2017. In later reports, he repeated his 

diagnoses and advised that appellant needed surgery to reduce the dislocation in his second toe. 

However, Dr. Milam did not address the period of claimed recurrence or indicate that appellant 

was totally disabled for any period. 

As noted, a claimant must submit rationalized medical evidence supporting causal 

relationship between the disabling condition and the accepted employment injury. Furthermore, 

the medical evidence must directly address the dates of disability for work for which compensation 

is claimed.12 None of the medical evidence of record provided a discussion of how appellant’s 

accepted March 13, 2017 employment injury caused total disability from work during the period 

in question. As appellant has not submitted medical evidence establishing a recurrence of 

 

9 See J.S., supra note 4.

10 Id.

11 M.N., Docket No. 18-0741 (issued April 2, 2020).

12 See T.J., Docket No. 18-0831 (issued March 23, 2020); William A. Archer, 55 ECAB 674 (2004).
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disability commencing April 26, 2017, causally related to his accepted employment injury, the 

Board finds that he has not met his burden of proof.13

Appellant may submit new evidence or argument with a written request for reconsideration 

to OWCP within one year of this merit decision, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. § 8128(a) and 20 C.F.R. 

§§ 10.605 through 10.607.

LEGAL PRECEDENT -- ISSUE 2

Section 8128(a) of FECA vests OWCP with discretionary authority to determine whether 

to review an award for or against compensation. The Secretary of Labor may review an award for

or against compensation at any time on his or her own motion or on application.14 

To require OWCP to reopen a case for merit review pursuant to FECA, the claimant must 

provide evidence or an argument that: (1) shows that OWCP erroneously applied or interpreted a 

specific point of law; (2) advances a relevant legal argument not previously considered by OWCP; 

or (3) constitutes relevant and pertinent new evidence not previously considered by OWCP.15 

A request for reconsideration must also be received by OWCP within one year of the date 

of OWCP’s decision for which review is sought.16 If OWCP chooses to grant reconsideration, it 

reopens and reviews the case on its merits.17 If the request is timely, but fails to meet at least one 

of the requirements for reconsideration, OWCP will deny the request for reconsideration without 

reopening the case for review on the merits.18

ANALYSIS -- ISSUE 2

The Board finds that OWCP properly denied appellant’s request for reconsideration of the 

merits of the claim pursuant to 5 U.S.C. § 8128(a).

Appellant alleged in his February 9, 2018 reconsideration request that he wanted to see a 

podiatrist immediately after his surgery, but was prevented by the postmaster. However, the merit 

issue in this case is whether he met his burden of proof to establish total disability commencing 

 

13 Id. The Board further notes that, in its May 31, 2017 development letter, OWCP informed appellant that he was 

still entitled to receive COP. A review of OWCP’s Integrated Federal Employees’ Compensation System (iFECS) 

indicates that appellant received COP for 45 days.

14 5 U.S.C. § 8128(a); see also D.L., Docket No. 09-1549 (issued February 23, 2010); W.C., 59 ECAB 372 (2008).

15 20 C.F.R § 10.606(b)(3); see also L.G., Docket No. 09-1517 (issued March 3, 2010); C.N., Docket No. 08-1569 

(issued December 9, 2008).

16 20 C.F.R. § 10.607(a). The one-year period begins on the next day after the date of the original contested 

decision. Federal (FECA) Procedure Manual, Part 2 -- Claims, Reconsiderations, Chapter 2.1602.4 (February 2016). 

Timeliness is determined by the document receipt date of the request for reconsideration as indicated by the received 

date in iFECS. Id. at Chapter 2.1602.4b.

17 Id. at § 10.608(a); see also Y.H., Docket No. 18-1618 (issued January 21, 2020); M.S., 59 ECAB 231 (2007).

18 Id. at § 10.608(b); see D.C., Docket No. 19-0873 (issued January 27, 2020).
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April 26, 2017. The Board notes that in the March 14, 2018 decision, OWCP’s hearing 

representative noted appellant’s assertion. The hearing representative found that the evidence of 

record was insufficient to establish that appellant was totally disabled for work commencing 

April 26, 2017 in spite of the assertion by him. The Board thus finds that appellant did not show 

that OWCP erroneously applied or interpreted a specific point of law and did not advance a 

relevant legal argument not previously considered by OWCP. Consequently, appellant is not 

entitled to further review of the merits of his claim based on the first and second above-noted

requirements under 20 C.F.R. § 10.606(b)(3).19

Appellant also submitted a February 2, 2018 treatment note from Dr. Milam. While this 

report is new, it is not relevant as Dr. Milam did not discuss the period of claimed disability nor

did he provide an opinion regarding appellant’s claimed recurrence of disability commencing 

April 26, 2017. Dr. Milam’s February 2, 2018 medical report is, therefore, insufficient to require 

further merit review of appellant’s claim. As appellant did not provide relevant and pertinent new 

evidence, he is not entitled to a merit review based on the third requirement under 20 C.F.R. 

§ 10.606(b)(3).20 

The Board accordingly finds that appellant has not met any of the requirements of 

20 C.F.R. § 10.606(b)(3). Pursuant to 20 C.F.R. § 10.608, OWCP properly denied merit review.21

CONCLUSION

The Board finds that appellant has not met his burden of proof to establish a recurrence of 

total disability commencing April 26, 2017 causally related to his March 13, 2017 employment 

injury. The Board also finds that OWCP properly denied his request for reconsideration of the 

merits of his claim pursuant to 5 U.S.C. § 8128(a).

 

19 Id. at § 10.606(b)(3); see D.S., Docket No. 18-0353 (issued February 18, 2020).

20 Id.

21 D.S., supra note 19.
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ORDER

IT IS HEREBY ORDERED THAT the March 14 and January 4, 2018 decisions of the 

Office of Workers’ Compensation Programs are affirmed.

Issued: May 13, 2020

Washington, DC

Christopher J. Godfrey, Deputy Chief Judge

Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board

Janice B. Askin, Judge

Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board

Patricia H. Fitzgerald, Alternate Judge

Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board