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[Congressional Bills 111th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H.R. 4952 Introduced in House (IH)]

111th CONGRESS
  2d Session
                                H. R. 4952

 To establish the Office of the Special Coordinator for Assistance to 
  Haiti, to establish the Office of the Special Inspector General for 
              Assistance to Haiti, and for other purposes.

_______________________________________________________________________

                    IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

                             March 25, 2010

   Ms. Ros-Lehtinen (for herself, Mr. Mack, Mr. Mario Diaz-Balart of 
    Florida, and Mr. Lincoln Diaz-Balart of Florida) introduced the 
 following bill; which was referred to the Committee on Foreign Affairs

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL

 
 To establish the Office of the Special Coordinator for Assistance to 
  Haiti, to establish the Office of the Special Inspector General for 
              Assistance to Haiti, and for other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE AND TABLE OF CONTENTS.

    (a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ``Haiti Assistance 
Implementation, Transparency, and Inspection Act'' or ``HAITI Act''.
    (b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents for this Act is as 
follows:

Sec. 1. Short title and table of contents.
Sec. 2. Appropriate committees of Congress defined.
   TITLE I--OFFICE OF THE SPECIAL COORDINATOR FOR ASSISTANCE TO HAITI

Sec. 101. Statement of policy.
Sec. 102. Establishment.
Sec. 103. Coordinator of Office.
Sec. 104. Duties.
Sec. 105. Interagency coordination and partnerships.
Sec. 106. Report.
Sec. 107. Termination.
  TITLE II--OFFICE OF THE SPECIAL INSPECTOR GENERAL FOR ASSISTANCE TO 
                                 HAITI

Sec. 201. Finding and declaration of policy.
Sec. 202. Statement of policy.
Sec. 203. Purposes.
Sec. 204. Office of Special Inspector General.
Sec. 205. Appointment of Special Inspector General; removal.
Sec. 206. Special Assistant Inspectors General.
Sec. 207. Supervision.
Sec. 208. Duties.
Sec. 209. Powers and authorities.
Sec. 210. Personnel, facilities, and other resources.
Sec. 211. Reports.
Sec. 212. Report coordination.
Sec. 213. Transparency.
Sec. 214. Waiver.
Sec. 215. Cooperation by Government of Haiti.
Sec. 216. Termination.
         TITLE III--ACTIONS BY PRESIDENT AND SECRETARY OF STATE

Sec. 301. Findings.
Sec. 302. Actions by President and Secretary of State.
Sec. 303. Report.

SEC. 2. APPROPRIATE COMMITTEES OF CONGRESS DEFINED.

    In this Act, the term ``appropriate committees of Congress'' 
means--
            (1) the Committees on Appropriations and Foreign Affairs of 
        the House of Representatives; and
            (2) the Committees on Appropriations and Foreign Relations 
        of the Senate.

   TITLE I--OFFICE OF THE SPECIAL COORDINATOR FOR ASSISTANCE TO HAITI

SEC. 101. STATEMENT OF POLICY.

    It is the policy of the United States to ensure that United States 
Government assistance for relief, recovery, reconstruction, and 
development of Haiti and assistance for such purposes from other donors 
should be obligated and expended with the greatest degree of 
transparency, accountability, and oversight possible and that effective 
coordination of such assistance is a vital tool in achieving those 
objectives.

SEC. 102. ESTABLISHMENT.

    There is hereby established in the Executive Office of the 
President the Office of the Special Coordinator for Assistance to Haiti 
(hereinafter in this title referred to as the ``Office'').

SEC. 103. COORDINATOR OF OFFICE.

    The President shall appoint a Special Coordinator of the Office 
(hereinafter in this title referred to as the ``Special Coordinator'') 
who shall be the head of the Office and shall report to the President.

SEC. 104. DUTIES.

    The duties of the Office shall include the following:
            (1) Providing advice to the President on United States 
        Government programs for relief, recovery, reconstruction, and 
        development of Haiti.
            (2) Working with United States Government departments and 
        agencies to ensure that such programs are prioritized within 
        such departments and agencies and avoid duplication with 
        respect to programs of other departments and agencies.
            (3) Developing and implementing a comprehensive Government-
        wide strategy for the coordination and oversight of such 
        programs.
            (4) Directly approving such programs, including projects 
        and activities under such programs.
            (5) Maintaining an inventory of such programs and assessing 
        and identifying any need for improvements in such programs and 
        resolving policy and program disputes among United States 
        Government departments and agencies with respect to such 
        programs.
            (6) Establishing indicators to measure progress with 
        respect to such programs and ensuring adequate monitoring and 
        evaluation of such programs.
            (7) Working with the heads of United States Government 
        departments and agencies, including the Director of the Office 
        of Management and Budget, to take actions to ensure that 
        funding for such programs is obligated and expended in an 
        effective manner.
            (8) Taking actions to ensure coordination of such programs 
        with programs of other official donors and international and 
        multilateral organizations.
            (9) Representing the United States in international 
        meetings or conferences relating to programs for relief, 
        recovery, reconstruction, and development of Haiti.
            (10) Overseeing the use by United States Government 
        departments and agencies of grants, contracts, cooperative 
        agreements, collaborative agreements, and other agreements or 
        instruments utilized for such programs.
            (11) Overseeing efforts by United States Government 
        departments and agencies to coordinate donations or investments 
        by private entities or individuals for relief, recovery, 
        reconstruction, and development of Haiti through public-private 
        partnerships and other means.
            (12) Ensuring due diligence and evaluation with respect to 
        recipients of assistance under such programs.
            (13) Measuring and evaluating the progress of Haiti in 
        carrying out economic and political reforms that will end 
        Haiti's reliance on foreign assistance.
            (14) Monthly notification to and regular consultation with 
        Congress with respect to such programs.

SEC. 105. INTERAGENCY COORDINATION AND PARTNERSHIPS.

    (a) Interagency Coordination.--In carrying out the duties of the 
Office under section 104, the Special Coordinator shall coordinate 
with, and receive the cooperation of, the Secretary of State, the 
Administrator of the United States Agency for International 
Development, and the heads of other United States Government 
departments and agencies responsible for United States Government 
programs for relief, recovery, reconstruction, and development of 
Haiti.
    (b) Partnerships.--The Special Coordinator, in coordination and 
cooperation with the Secretary of State and the Administrator of the 
United States Agency for International Development, shall seek to 
support, promote, and sustain partnerships between the United States 
Government and private entities (including foundations, universities, 
corporations, community-based organizations, and other nongovernmental 
organizations) to establish and oversee public-private partnerships in 
or on behalf of Haiti.

SEC. 106. REPORT.

    (a) In General.--Not later than March 31, 2011, and March 31, 2012, 
the Special Coordinator shall submit to the appropriate committees of 
Congress a report on the implementation of this title during the one-
year period ending on the date of the submission of the report.
    (b) Matters To Be Included.--The report required under subsection 
(a) shall include, for the period covered by such report, the 
following:
            (1) A detailed description of obligations and expenditures 
        of funds for United States Government programs for relief, 
        recovery, reconstruction, and development of Haiti, including 
        estimates of amounts required to complete such unfinished 
        programs, projects, and activities.
            (2) A detailed description of obligations and expenditures 
        of funds by other official donors and international and 
        multilateral organizations for relief, recovery, 
        reconstruction, and development of Haiti.
            (3) A detailed description of operating expenses of the 
        Office and personnel or other support provided to the Office by 
        United States Government departments and agencies.

SEC. 107. TERMINATION.

    The Office shall terminate on the date that is two years after the 
date of the enactment of this Act.

  TITLE II--OFFICE OF THE SPECIAL INSPECTOR GENERAL FOR ASSISTANCE TO 
                                 HAITI

SEC. 201. FINDING AND DECLARATION OF POLICY.

    Congress finds and declares that United States Government programs 
for relief, recovery, reconstruction, and development of Haiti and 
international programs for such purposes must be subject to appropriate 
oversight intended to ensure transparency and prevent any corruption, 
waste, or inappropriate manipulation of such assistance

SEC. 202. STATEMENT OF POLICY.

    It is in the interest of the United States to ensure that United 
States Government programs for relief, recovery, reconstruction, and 
development of Haiti are subject to strict standards of accountability 
and oversight.

SEC. 203. PURPOSES.

    The purposes of this title are as follows:
            (1) To provide for the independent and objective conduct 
        and supervision of audits and investigations relating to United 
        States Government programs for relief, recovery, 
        reconstruction, and development of Haiti.
            (2) To provide for the independent and objective 
        recommendations on policies designed to promote efficiency and 
        effectiveness in the administration of such programs.
            (3) To ensure the effectiveness of such programs and to 
        ensure that such programs remain transparent, accountable, and 
        operate in compliance with the general established policies of 
        the United States Government.
            (4) To prevent the possibility of misconduct, waste, fraud, 
        and any other types of criminal activity that may result in the 
        misuse of United States foreign assistance funds allocated to 
        Haiti under such programs.
            (5) To provide for an independent and objective means of 
        keeping the President, Secretary of State, Administrator of the 
        United States Agency of International Development, and Congress 
        fully and currently informed about problems and deficiencies 
        relating to the administration of such programs and the 
        necessity for and progress toward corrective action.

SEC. 204. OFFICE OF SPECIAL INSPECTOR GENERAL.

    There is hereby established the Office of the Special Inspector 
General for Assistance to Haiti (hereinafter in this title referred to 
as the ``Office'') to carry out the purposes of section 203.

SEC. 205. APPOINTMENT OF SPECIAL INSPECTOR GENERAL; REMOVAL.

    (a) Appointment.--The head of the Office is the Special Inspector 
General for Assistance to Haiti (hereinafter in this title referred to 
as the ``Special Inspector General''), who shall be appointed by the 
President.
    (b) Qualifications.--The appointment of the Special Inspector 
General shall be made solely on the basis of integrity and demonstrated 
ability in accounting, auditing, financial analysis, law, management 
analysis, public administration, or investigations.
    (c) Deadline for Appointment.--The appointment of an individual as 
Special Inspector General shall be made not later than 30 days after 
the date of the enactment of this Act.
    (d) Compensation.--The annual rate of basic pay of the Special 
Inspector General shall be the annual rate of basic pay provided for 
positions at level IV of the Executive Schedule under section 5315 of 
title 5, United States Code.
    (e) Prohibition on Political Activities.--For purposes of section 
7324 of title 5, United States Code, the Special Inspector General 
shall not be considered an employee who determines policies to be 
pursued by the United States in the nationwide administration of 
Federal law.
    (f) Removal.--The Special Inspector General shall be removable from 
office in accordance with the provisions of section 3(b) of the 
Inspector General Act of 1978 (5 U.S.C. App.).

SEC. 206. SPECIAL ASSISTANT INSPECTORS GENERAL.

    The Special Inspector General shall, in accordance with applicable 
laws and regulations governing the civil service--
            (1) appoint a Special Assistant Inspector General for 
        Auditing who shall have the responsibility for supervising the 
        performance of auditing activities relating to assistance 
        programs and operations of the United States in and on behalf 
        of Haiti;
            (2) appoint a Special Assistant Inspector General for 
        Investigations who shall have the responsibility for 
        supervising the performance of investigative activities 
        relating to such programs and operations.

SEC. 207. SUPERVISION.

    (a) In General.--Except as provided in subsection (b), the Special 
Inspector General shall report directly to, and be under the general 
supervision of the Secretary of State.
    (b) Independence To Conduct Investigations and Audits.--No officer 
of the Department of Defense, the Department of State, the United 
States Agency for International Development or any other applicable 
officer shall prevent or prohibit the Special Inspector General from 
initiating, carrying out, or completing any audit or investigation, or 
from issuing any subpoena during the course of any audit or 
investigation.

SEC. 208. DUTIES.

    (a) Oversight.--It shall be the duty of the Special Inspector 
General to conduct, supervise, and coordinate audits and investigations 
of the treatment, handling, and expenditure of amounts appropriated or 
otherwise made available for United States Government programs for 
relief, recovery, reconstruction, and development of Haiti, including--
            (1) the oversight and accounting of the obligation and 
        expenditure of such funds;
            (2) the monitoring and review of recovery and assistance 
        relief activities funded by such funds;
            (3) the development of a comprehensive plan for audits 
        relating to recovery, relief, and assistance efforts for Haiti;
            (4) the monitoring and review of contracts funded by such 
        funds;
            (5) the monitoring and review of the transfer of such funds 
        and associated information between and among other departments, 
        agencies, and entities of the Federal Government, and private 
        and nongovernmental entities; and
            (6) the maintenance of records on the use of such funds to 
        facilitate future audits and investigations of the use of such 
        funds.
    (b) Other Duties Relating to Oversight.--The Special Inspector 
General shall establish, maintain, and oversee such systems, 
procedures, and controls as the Special Inspector General considers 
appropriate to discharge the duties under paragraph (1).
    (c) Duties and Responsibilities Under Inspector General Act of 
1978.--In addition to the duties specified in paragraphs (1) and (2), 
the Special Inspector General shall also have the duties and 
responsibilities of inspectors general under the Inspector General Act 
of 1978.
    (d) Coordination of Efforts.--
            (1) In general.--In carrying out the duties, 
        responsibilities, and authorities of the Special Inspector 
        General under this title, the Special Inspector General shall 
        coordinate with, and receive the cooperation of, the Inspector 
        General of the Department of State and the Inspector General of 
        the United States Agency for International Development.
            (2) Other coordination of efforts.--In carrying out the 
        duties, responsibilities, and authorities of the Special 
        Inspector General under this title, the Special Inspector 
        General shall coordinate with, and seek to receive the 
        cooperation of, the international community, including all 
        country donors and international organizations involved in the 
        implementation and execution of recovery and relief efforts in 
        Haiti.

SEC. 209. POWERS AND AUTHORITIES.

    (a) In General.--In carrying out the duties specified in section 
208, the Special Inspector General shall have the authorities provided 
in section 6 of the Inspector General Act of 1978.
    (b) Audit Standards.--The Special Inspector General shall carry out 
the duties specified in subsection (f)(1) in accordance with section 
4(b)(1) of the Inspector General Act of 1978.

SEC. 210. PERSONNEL, FACILITIES, AND OTHER RESOURCES.

    (a) Personnel.--The Special Inspector General may select, appoint, 
and employ such officers and employees as may be necessary for carrying 
out the duties of the Office, subject to the provisions of title 5, 
United States Code, governing appointments in the competitive service, 
and the provisions of chapter 51 and subchapter III of chapter 53 of 
such title, relating to classification and General Schedule pay rates.
    (b) Employment of Experts and Consultants.--The Special Inspector 
General may obtain services as authorized by section 3109 of title 5, 
United States Code, at daily rates not to exceed the equivalent rate 
prescribed for grade GS-15 of the General Schedule by section 5332 of 
such title.
    (c) Contracting Authority.--To the extent and in such amounts as 
may be provided in advance by appropriations Acts, the Special 
Inspector General may enter into contracts and other arrangements for 
audits, studies, analyses, and other services with public agencies and 
with private persons, and make such payments as may be necessary to 
carry out the duties of the Office.
    (d) Resources.--The Secretary of State, in consultation with the 
Administrator of the United States Agency for International 
Development, shall provide the Special Inspector General with 
appropriate and adequate office space, together with such equipment, 
office supplies, and communications facilities and services as may be 
necessary for the operation of such offices, and shall provide 
necessary maintenance services for such offices and the equipment and 
facilities located therein.
    (e) Assistance From Federal Agencies.--
            (1) In general.--Upon request of the Special Inspector 
        General for information or assistance from any department, 
        agency, or other entity of the Federal Government, the head of 
        such entity shall, insofar as is practicable and not in 
        contravention of any existing law, furnish such information or 
        assistance to the Special Inspector General, or an authorized 
        designee.
            (2) Reporting of refused assistance.--Whenever information 
        or assistance requested by the Special Inspector General is, in 
        the judgment of the Special Inspector General, unreasonably 
        refused or not provided, the Special Inspector General shall 
        report the circumstances to the Secretary of State, in 
        consultation with the Administrator of the United States Agency 
        for International Development and to the appropriate committees 
        of Congress without delay.

SEC. 211. REPORTS.

    (a) Quarterly Reports.--Not later than March 30, 2011, and every 
calendar quarter thereafter, the Special Inspector General shall submit 
to the appropriate committees of Congress a report summarizing the 
implementation of this title during the 120-day period ending on the 
date of such report. Each report shall include, for the period covered 
by such report, a detailed statement of all obligations, expenditures, 
and revenues associated with United States Government programs for 
relief, recovery, reconstruction, and development of Haiti, including 
the following:
            (1) Obligations and expenditures of appropriated funds.
            (2) A project-by-project and program-by-program accounting 
        of the costs incurred to date, together with the estimate of 
        the Office of the costs to complete each project and each 
        program.
            (3) Revenues of the Haitian Government attributable to or 
        consisting of funds provided by foreign nations or 
        international organizations, and any obligations or 
        expenditures of such revenues.
            (4) Revenues of the Haitian Government attributable to or 
        consisting of foreign assets seized or frozen, and any 
        obligations or expenditures of such revenues.
            (5) Operating expenses of the Office and of any other 
        agencies or entities receiving appropriated funds.
            (6) In the case of any contract described in section 
        210(c)--
                    (A) the amount of the contract or other agreement;
                    (B) a brief discussion of the scope of the contract 
                or other agreement;
                    (C) a discussion of how the Office identified, and 
                solicited offers from, potential contractors to perform 
                the contract, together with a list of the potential 
                contractors that were issued solicitations for the 
                offers; and
                    (D) the justification and approval documents on 
                which was based the determination to use procedures 
                other than procedures that provide for full and open 
                competition.
    (b) Semiannual Reports.--Not later than April 30, 2011, and 
semiannually thereafter, the Special Inspector General shall submit to 
the appropriate committees of Congress a report the implementation of 
this title meeting the requirements of section 5 of the Inspector 
General Act of 1978.
    (c) Public Availability.--The Special Inspector General shall 
publish each report under this section on the Internet Web site of the 
Office.
    (d) Form.--Each report required under this section shall be 
submitted in unclassified form, but may include a classified annex if 
the Special Inspector General considers it necessary.
    (e) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this section shall be 
construed to authorize the public disclosure of information that is--
            (1) specifically prohibited from disclosure by any other 
        provision of law;
            (2) specifically required by Executive order to be 
        protected from disclosure in the interest of national defense 
        or national security or in the conduct of foreign affairs; or
            (3) a part of an ongoing criminal investigation.

SEC. 212. REPORT COORDINATION.

    (a) Submission to State and USAID.--The Special Inspector General 
shall also submit each report required under section 211 to the 
Secretary of State and the Administrator of the United States Agency 
for International Development.
    (b) Submission to Congress.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 30 days after receipt of a 
        report under subsection (a), the Secretary of State, in 
        consultation with the Administrator of the United States Agency 
        for International Development may submit to the appropriate 
        committees of Congress any comments on the matters covered by 
        the report as the Secretary of State, in consultation with the 
        Administrator of the United States Agency for International 
        Development Assistance considers appropriate.
            (2) Form.--Any comments on the matters covered by the 
        report shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may include 
        a classified annex if the Secretary of State, in consultation 
        with the Administrator of the United States Agency for 
        International Development, considers it necessary.

SEC. 213. TRANSPARENCY.

    Not later than 60 days after the date of the submission to Congress 
of a report under section 211, the Special Inspector General shall make 
copies of such report available to the public upon request, and at a 
reasonable cost.

SEC. 214. WAIVER.

    (a) Authority.--The President may waive the requirement under 
subsection (a) or (c) of section 211 for the inclusion in a report 
under such subsection of any element otherwise provided for under such 
subsection if the President determines that the waiver is justified for 
national security reasons.
    (b) Notice of Waiver.--The President shall publish a notice of each 
waiver made under this section in the Federal Register no later than 
the date on which the reports required under subsection (a) or (c) of 
section 211 are submitted to Congress. The reports required under 
subsection (a) or (c) of section 211 shall specify whether waivers 
under this section were made and with respect to which elements.

SEC. 215. COOPERATION BY GOVERNMENT OF HAITI.

    Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the Secretary of State 
shall seek to ensure that there is full and binding agreement by the 
Government of Haiti and any State-owned enterprises or organizations 
for the provision to the Special Inspector General of any and all 
documents requested by the Special Inspector General pertaining to such 
Government's disposition of revenues, management of contracts and 
receipts, and use of assistance provided by the United States 
Government and any other donor.

SEC. 216. TERMINATION.

    The Office shall terminate 180 days after the date on which amounts 
appropriated or otherwise made available for United States Government 
programs for relief, recovery, reconstruction, and development of Haiti 
that are unexpended are less than $25,000,000.

         TITLE III--ACTIONS BY PRESIDENT AND SECRETARY OF STATE

SEC. 301. FINDINGS.

    Congress finds the following:
            (1) Immediate international relief assistance to Haiti has 
        reached an estimated $2 billion, including nearly $500 million 
        provided by the United States Government and more than $470 
        million from private charities in the United States.
            (2) A successful international response to the current 
        situation in Haiti and its long-term development will require 
        careful coordination of assistance provided by the United 
        States and other countries, assistance provided through the 
        United Nations and other international organizations, loans and 
        credits from multilateral financial institutions, and private 
        donations.
            (3) The United States has historically been the largest 
        donor of bilateral assistance to Haiti, providing more than $1 
        billion in assistance over the last three years alone.
            (4) United States assistance to Haiti and its people has 
        focused on improving health, fostering economic growth, and 
        strengthening peace and security, and the program of the United 
        States Agency for International Development in Haiti has sought 
        to support that country's efforts to transform itself into a 
        secure, prosperous, democratic nation that meets the needs of 
        its citizens and contributes to Caribbean stability.
            (5) The United States Government's Millennium Challenge 
        Corporation (MCC) was created in 2004 as a supplemental or 
        alternative approach to traditional development assistance, 
        seeking to alleviate global poverty by tying its assistance to 
        a recipient country's commitment to sound policies, the 
        planning and implementation of country-led programs, and the 
        achievement of defined objectives through those programs.
            (6) In order to be eligible for MCC assistance, a country 
        is required to demonstrate a commitment to policies that 
        promote political and economic freedom, investments in 
        education and health, the sustainable use of natural resources, 
        control of corruption, and respect for civil liberties and the 
        rule of law.
            (7) A long-term United States bilateral assistance program 
        for Haiti that is broadened to include a strengthened focus on 
        governing justly and democratically, ensuring greater economic 
        opportunity, and providing quality education may assist Haiti 
        in becoming eligible for MCC assistance in the future.
            (8) Any United States long-term development assistance to 
        Haiti must also balance United States national security 
        interests, foreign policy objectives, and domestic priorities.

SEC. 302. ACTIONS BY PRESIDENT AND SECRETARY OF STATE.

    (a) President.--The President shall--
            (1) ensure that United States Government programs for 
        relief, recovery, reconstruction, and development of Haiti are 
        grounded in an exhaustive United States assessment of Haiti's 
        development needs and capacity; and
            (2) seek to lead efforts to ensure that any pledged 
        international assistance for Haiti is based on defined 
        objectives and includes measures that provide for mutual 
        accountability, oversight, and transparency.
    (b) Secretary of State.--
            (1) Report.--The Secretary of State shall submit to the 
        Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives 
        and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate a report 
        on the findings and conclusions of the Department of State's 
        ``Haiti Policy and Foreign Assistance Review'', begun in April 
        2009, before entering into any United States commitment for 
        long-term development assistance to Haiti.
            (2) Additional requirement.--The Secretary of State shall 
        incorporate into the Department of State's assessment of 
        Haiti's long-term development assistance needs a focus on those 
        sectors that are aligned with the Millennium Challenge 
        Corporation eligibility criteria of ``Ruling Justly'', 
        ``Economic Freedom'', and ``Investing in People''.

SEC. 303. REPORT.

    (a) In General.--Not later than December 31, 2010, the Secretary of 
State shall submit to the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of 
Representatives and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate a 
report that contains a detailed description of the status of 
implementation of United States Government programs for relief, 
recovery, reconstruction, and development of Haiti.
    (b) Matters To Be Included.--The report required under subsection 
(a) shall include a description of any plans to transfer leadership of 
certain United States assistance efforts to relevant Haitian entities 
and recommended actions for the Government of Haiti to ensure progress 
of long-term development efforts following the initial recovery period 
in Haiti.
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