United States Department of Labor

Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board

__________________________________________

S.H., Appellant

and

U.S. POSTAL SERVICE, JACKSON DELTA 

STATION, Jackson, MS, Employer

__________________________________________

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Docket No. 20-0253

Issued: June 17, 2020

Appearances: Case Submitted on the Record

Jeffrey P. Zeelander, Esq., for the appellant1

Office of Solicitor, for the Director

DECISION AND ORDER

Before:

ALEC J. KOROMILAS, Chief Judge

CHRISTOPHER J. GODFREY, Deputy Chief Judge

JANICE B. ASKIN, Judge

JURISDICTION

On November 11, 2019 appellant, through counsel, filed a timely appeal from a 

September 18, 2019 merit decision of the Office of Workers’ Compensation Programs (OWCP). 

Pursuant to the Federal Employees’ Compensation Act2(FECA) and 20 C.F.R. §§ 501.2(c) and 

501.3, the Board has jurisdiction to consider the merits of this case. 

 

1

In all cases in which a representative has been authorized in a matter before the Board, no claim for a fee for legal 

or other service performed on appeal before the Board is valid unless approved by the Board. 20 C.F.R. § 501.9(e). 

No contract for a stipulated fee or on a contingent fee basis will be approved by the Board. Id. An attorney or 

representative’s collection of a fee without the Board’s approval may constitute a misdemeanor, subject to fine or 

imprisonment for up to one year or both. Id.; see also 18 U.S.C. § 292. Demands for payment of fees to a 

representative, prior to approval by the Board, may be reported to appropriate authorities for investigation.

2 5 U.S.C. § 8101 et seq.
2

ISSUE

The issue is whether appellant has met his burden of proof to establish permanent 

impairment of his left lower extremity, warranting a schedule award.

FACTUAL HISTORY

On March 7, 2017 appellant, then a 39-year-old city carrier, filed a traumatic injury claim 

(Form CA-1) alleging that on March 3, 2017 he sustained a severe left ankle sprain with swelling 

in his ankle and foot when his left foot turned inward as he was walking down steps while in the 

performance of duty. On the reverse side of the claim form, the employing establishment noted 

that appellant stopped work on March 4, 2017.

OWCP accepted appellant’s claim for sprain of the other ligament and tibiofibular ligament

of the left ankle and subluxation of the left ankle joint.

3

 On October 3, 2017 appellant underwent

an authorized left ankle arthroscopy with lateral ankle ligament repair, which was performed by

Dr. Jamey Burrow, an attending Board-certified orthopedic surgeon.

4

 OWCP paid appellant wageloss compensation on the supplemental rolls commencing May 4, 2017.

On August 25, 2018 appellant returned to full-duty work at the employing establishment. 

In an August 9, 2018 medical report, Dr. Burrow discussed his findings on physical 

examination and diagnosed sprain of other ligament of the left ankle, subsequent encounter. He

advised that appellant had reached maximum medical improvement (MMI) with zero percent 

permanent impairment. Dr. Burrow released him to return to work with restrictions based on the 

results of a functional capacity evaluation.

On November 5, 2018 appellant filed a claim for a schedule award (Form CA-7).

OWCP, in a November 6, 2018 development letter, requested that appellant submit an 

impairment evaluation from his attending physician addressing whether he had reached MMI and 

evaluating the extent of permanent impairment, if any, in accordance with the sixth edition of the 

American Medical Association, Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment (A.M.A., 

Guides).5 It afforded him 30 days to submit the necessary evidence. Appellant did not submit 

additional evidence.

 

3 By decision dated September 12, 2018, OWCP denied appellant’s request to expand the acceptance of his claim 

to include the conditions of depression, hypertension, stress/emotional condition, and diabetes as causally related to 

his accepted March 3, 2017 employment injury. 

4

In his October 3, 2017 operation report, Dr. Burrow found extensive anterior, medial, and lateral gutter synovitis 

with no chondral abnormality. He further found stable syndesmosis. Dr. Burrow reported that after debridement of 

the ankle, there was some laxity in the tibiotalar joint with talar tilt testing approximately 15 to 20 degrees with stress.

5 A.M.A., Guides (6th ed. 2009).
3

By decision dated December 10, 2018, OWCP denied appellant’s claim for a schedule 

award. It noted that he had not responded to its November 6, 2018 request for medical 

documentation including an impairment evaluation.

In an October 31, 2018 report Dr. Lisa Marie Sheppard, a Board-certified radiologist and 

neurologist, noted her review of appellant’s September 28, 2018 left knee and ankle x-rays. She 

reported that the left knee demonstrated overall normal mineralization and mild osteophyte 

formation of the lateral joint space. The superior to inferior measurement of the medial joint space 

was 3.7 millimeters (mm). The superior to inferior measurement of the lateral joint space was 3.4 

mm. The patellofemoral joint space demonstrated an “AP” measurement of 3.2 mm. No joint 

effusion was noted and no lyric or blastic lesions were observed. Utilizing the lateral projection 

of the left ankle, the superior to inferior measurement of the tibiotalar joint space was 2 mm. The 

superior to inferior measurement of the talocalcaneal joint space was 2.3 mm. The measurement 

of the talonavicular joint was 1.2 mm.

In a February 1, 2019 report, Dr. Sonny Dosanjh, a Board-certified physiatrist, noted that 

appellant presented for an initial evaluation of left ankle pain status post a March 3, 2017 work 

injury. He also noted a history of the accepted employment injury, the treatment history, and

examination findings and diagnosed pan-talar arthritis. Dr. Dosanjh referenced Table 16-2, Foot 

and Ankle Regional Grid, on page 505 of the sixth edition of the A.M.A., Guides and found that 

pan-talar arthritis represented a class of diagnosis (CDX) of 3 representing a severe problem. 

Pursuant to Table 16-6, he assigned a grade modifier for functional history (GMFH) of 2 based on

an antalgic gait. Pursuant to Table 16-7, Dr. Dosanjh assigned a grade modifier for physical 

examination (GMPE) of 3 due to loss of range of motion (ROM) and severe palpatory findings 

(including crepitus and joint line tenderness over the medial and lateral joint line, positive talar 

tilt, and positive laxity). Pursuant to Table 16-8, he assigned a grade modifier for clinical studies 

(GMCS) of 2 for studies used to confirm the diagnosis and moderate pathology. Using the net 

adjustment formula (GMFH-CDX) + (GMPE-CDX) + (GMCS-CDX), Dr. Dosanjh calculated that 

appellant had a net adjustment of (2-3) + (3-3) + (2-3) = -2, which equaled a grade A default value 

that was moved up to a grade C or 26 percent permanent impairment of the left lower extremity.

On April 16, 2019 appellant, through counsel, requested reconsideration of the 

December 10, 2018 decision. 

On April 29, 2019 OWCP routed Dr. Dosanjh’s February 1, 2019 report, a statement of 

accepted facts (SOAF), and the case record to Dr. Ari Kaz, a Board-certified orthopedic surgeon 

serving as a district medical adviser (DMA) for review and determination regarding whether 

appellant sustained permanent impairment based on the sixth edition of the A.M.A., Guides and 

the date of MMI. 

In a May 8, 2019 report, the DMA noted that he reviewed the SOAF, the case record, and

Dr. Dosanjh’s February 1, 2019 report. He indicated that it was unclear why Dr. Dosanjh elected 

to rate appellant based on a diagnosis of pan-talar arthritis. The DMA noted that page 506 of the 

A.M.A., Guides indicated that a subtalar joint space of more than two mm yielded zero percent 

permanent impairment and a talonavicular joint space of more than one mm yielded no 

impairment. He indicated that, while the ankle joint space of two mm yielded a class 2 problem 

per Table 16-2, he suggested that these were “radiographic findings only” and were not clinically 
4

relevant and that a diagnosis of arthritis was not made on x-rays alone. The DMA noted that 

appellant was 42 years of age and it was extremely unusual for someone his age to develop

significant arthritis (according to Dr. Dosanjh a severe class 3 problem) within 18 months of an

ankle sprain. Furthermore, an April 18, 2017 magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan, which was

much more sensitive than an x-ray, showed no marrow edema, cartilage abnormality, or evidence

of arthritis. Additionally, the DMA explained that arthritis was not an accepted condition in the 

case and other than Dr. Dosanjh’s opinion and the clinically unrelated x-ray finding, there was no 

evidence that appellant had ankle arthritis He maintained that this was strengthened by a lack of 

documentation by the radiologist stating that the ankle joint was arthritic. In addition, the greatest 

support was the operative findings of no cartilage injury noted by Dr. Dosanjh. The DMA noted 

that it was difficult to support the diagnosis of ankle arthritis when the operative surgeon looked 

at the cartilage and documented that it was normal. He determined that Dr. Dosanjh appeared to 

rely on radiographs to assign a diagnosis and an impairment rating. The DMA concluded, 

however, that the diagnosis of pan-talar arthritis had no other support in the medical records 

provided. He recommended another rating by an orthopedic surgeon with access to the complete 

medical records.

On May 13, 2019 OWCP referred appellant, together with a SOAF, the medical record, 

and a set of questions, to Dr. Byron T. Jeffcoat, a Board-certified orthopedic surgeon, for a second 

opinion examination regarding his current condition and the extent of his permanent impairment, 

if any, due to his accepted left ankle conditions.

In a report dated June 5, 2019, Dr. Jeffcoat noted appellant’s history of injury and his 

review of the medical record. On physical examination, he reported that appellant could stand on 

his toes and heels and squat about 75 percent of normal and recover. Appellant could not touch 

his toes, lacking about two inches. There was full ROM of all extremities and no weakness or 

instability with left foot eversion or inversion. There was also no swelling, but demonstrated 

subjective tenderness over the distal fibula and medial malleolus. Appellant complained of

subjective left talus pain. There was no atrophy by measurement of feet, ankles, or calves as 

compared to his normal right counterparts. There was a well-healed left foot/ankle puncture 

wound, the site of his 2017 arthroscopy, with no evidence of redness or erythema. 

Neurovasculature appeared intact and strength was normal with no joint effusion. In response to 

questions posed by OWCP, Dr. Jeffcoat related that clinically, he found no objective findings 

relative to appellant’s March 3, 2017 work-related left ankle injury in his normal physical 

examination. The only findings he noted were subjective, which included pain over the medial 

tibiotalar and fibula talar ligaments. Dr. Jeffcoat advised that appellant’s accepted left ankle sprain

had resolved although appellant related that he developed left ankle pain when he walked on unlevel ground for an extended period of time, a subjective complaint for which he wore an ankle 

orthosis. He noted that clinically, appellant had no left ankle instability. Again, Dr. Jeffcoat 

indicated that he found no objective findings pertinent to the original work-related left ankle injury 

in his evaluation. He maintained that there was no evidence of left ankle osteoarthritis as 

evidenced by left ankle x-ray findings (three views) in Dr. Burrow’s December 26, 2017 notes, 

which showed diffuse osteopenia, otherwise no osteoarticular abnormalities. Dr. Jeffcoat further 

maintained that appellant had no other residuals of his accepted March 3, 2017 work injury. He 

determined that appellant reached MMI as of the date of his examination. 
5

Regarding the extent of appellant’s left lower extremity permanent impairment,

Dr. Jeffcoat referred to Table 16-2 on page 501 of the sixth edition of the A.M.A., Guides for the 

diagnoses of sprain of the tibiofibular ligament and sprain of the other ligament of the left ankle, 

resulting in a CDX of 1 for the left ankle with a mid-range default value of one percent permanent 

impairment. He assigned a GMFH of 1 and GMPE and GMCS of zero. Dr. Jeffcoat applied the 

net adjustment formula of (1-1) + (0-1) + (0-1) to find a net adjustment of -2, which yielded zero 

percent permanent impairment of the left lower extremity. 

On June 27, 2019 OWCP routed Dr. Jeffcoat’s June 9, 2019 report, a SOAF, and the case

record to the DMA for review as to whether appellant sustained permanent impairment as a result 

of his accepted conditions.

In a September 15, 2019 addendum to his May 8, 2019 DMA report, Dr. Kaz noted that he 

reviewed the SOAF, the medical record, and Dr. Jeffcoat’s June 5, 2019 report. He noted that it 

was clear that appellant did not have ankle or pan-talar arthritis based on numerous x-rays as read 

by Dr. Burrow, the April 18, 2017 MRI scan, and most importantly Dr. Burrow’s October 3, 2017 

operative report in which he clearly documented normal cartilage. The DMA noted that

Dr. Jeffcoat clearly documented the same opinion. He agreed with Dr. Jeffcoat that the appropriate 

diagnosis on which to base an impairment rating was ankle sprain, found in Table 16-2 on page 

502 and previously used in his May 8, 2019 report. The DMA indicated that Dr. Jeffcoat clearly 

documented no ankle instability, as found by Dr. Burrow on numerous occasions. Dr. Jeffcoat 

also clearly delineated that there were no objective abnormal findings. The DMA maintained that 

this was the definition of a class 0 problem as found on page 502 which yielded zero percent 

permanent impairment. He noted that while Dr. Jeffcoat accurately found that the default class 1 

rating was one percent, a class 1 rating required ankle instability. The DMA advised that without 

any documentation of ankle instability, the appropriate rating was class 0, which yielded zero 

percent permanent impairment of the left lower extremity. He concluded that the date of MMI 

was June 5, 2019. 

By decision dated September 18, 2019, OWCP denied modification of its December 10, 

2018 decision. It found that the weight of the medical evidence rested with the opinion of

Dr. Burrow as supported by the opinions of Dr. Jeffcoat and its DMA.

LEGAL PRECEDENT

It is the claimant’s burden of proof to establish permanent impairment of a scheduled 

member or function of the body as a result of an employment injury.

6

 

6 See T.H., Docket No. 19-1066 (issued January 29, 2020); D.F., Docket No. 18-1337 (issued February 11, 2019); 

Tammy L. Meehan, 53 ECAB 229 (2001).
6

The schedule award provisions of FECA7and its implementing regulations8set forth the 

number of weeks of compensation payable to employees sustaining permanent impairment from 

loss, or loss of use, of scheduled members or functions of the body. However, FECA does not 

specify the manner in which the percentage of loss shall be determined. OWCP has adopted the 

A.M.A., Guides as the uniform standard applicable to all claimants. As of May 1, 2009, the sixth 

edition of the A.M.A., Guides is used to calculate schedule awards.9

The sixth edition of the A.M.A., Guides provides a diagnosis-based method of evaluation 

utilizing the World Health Organization’s International Classification of Functioning, Disability 

and Health (ICF).10 Under the sixth edition, the evaluator identifies the CDX, which is then 

adjusted by grade modifiers of GMFH, GMPE, and GMCS.11 The net adjustment formula is 

(GMFH - CDX) + (GMPE - CDX) + (GMCS - CDX).12 

OWCP’s procedures provide that, after obtaining all necessary medical evidence, the file 

should be routed to a DMA for an opinion concerning the nature and percentage of impairment in 

accordance with the A.M.A., Guides with the medical adviser providing rationale for the 

percentage of impairment specified.13

ANALYSIS

The Board finds that appellant has not met his burden of proof to establish permanent 

impairment of his left lower extremity, warranting a schedule award.

In a February 1, 2019 report, Dr. Dosanjh, appellant’s treating physician, diagnosed left 

ankle pan-talar arthritis and found that appellant had reached MMI and 26 percent permanent 

impairment of the left lower extremity under the sixth edition of the A.M.A., Guides. The Board 

notes, however, that OWCP has not accepted an arthritic condition as diagnosed by Dr. Dosanjh. 

For conditions not accepted by OWCP as being employment related, it is appellant’s burden to 

submit rationalized medical evidence to establish causal relationship between the additional or 

consequential conditions and the accepted employment injury.14 Dr. Dosanjh provided no 

 

7 5 U.S.C. § 8107.

8 20 C.F.R. § 10.404.

9 Federal (FECA) Procedure Manual, Part 2 -- Claims, Schedule Awards and Permanent Disability Claims, Chapter 

2.808.5 (March 2017); see also Part 3 -- Medical, Schedule Awards, Chapter 3.700.2 and Exhibit 1 (January 2010).

10 Supra note 6 at page 3, section 1.3, The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF): 

A Contemporary Model of Disablement.

11 Id. at 494-531.

12 Id. at 411.

13 See supra note 9 at Chapter 2.808.6(f) (March 2017).

14 R.R., Docket No. 15-0913 (issued March 25, 2016); Alice J. Tysinger, 51 ECAB 638 (2000).
7

explanation on how the diagnosed arthritic condition was causally related to the March 3, 2017 

employment injury. The only support Dr. Dosanjh provided for his conclusion was that his opinion 

was based on his evaluation and history appellant provided. He did not explain how the additional 

condition of left ankle pan-talar arthritis was due to the accepted employment injury or a natural 

progression of the accepted sprain of the other ligament and tibiofibular ligament of the left ankle 

and subluxation of the left ankle joint. Dr. Dosanjh failed to provide sufficient medical rationale 

explaining the causal relationship between the diagnosis of pan-talar arthritis and the accepted 

March 3, 2017 employment injury, and thus, his report is insufficient to establish causal 

relationship or entitlement to a schedule award.15

In accordance with its procedures, OWCP properly routed the case record to its DMA who

recommended, in a May 8, 2019 report, that appellant undergo further impairment evaluation by 

an orthopedic surgeon with access to his complete medical record. He further explained that it 

was unclear as to why Dr. Dosanjh rated appellant’s left lower extremity permanent impairment 

based on the diagnosis of pan-talar arthritis, which was not supported by objective findings or

accepted by OWCP as employment related.

Appellant was then referred to Dr. Jeffcoat for a second opinion. In a June 5, 2019 report,

Dr. Jeffcoat found that appellant had zero percent permanent impairment of the left lower 

extremity under the sixth edition of the A.M.A., Guides. He reviewed his history, conducted a 

physical examination, and provided diagnoses. In calculating impairment for the left ankle,

Dr. Jeffcoat selected the accepted diagnoses of sprain of the tibiofibular ligament and sprain of the 

other ligament of the left ankle, which represented a class 1 impairment with a default value of 

one percent impairment under Table 16-2 on page 501. He assigned modifiers and applied the net 

adjustment formula and found a net adjustment of -2 for a permanent impairment rating of zero 

percent for the left lower extremity.

In a September 15, 2019 addendum report, the DMA reviewed Dr. Jeffcoat’s June 5, 2019 

report and agreed with his finding that appellant had zero percent permanent impairment of the 

left lower extremity based on his accepted diagnoses of sprain of the tibiofibular ligament and 

sprain of the other ligament of the left ankle. He, however, disagreed with Dr. Jeffcoat’s finding 

that the diagnoses warranted a CDX of 1 for a default value of one percent under Table 16-2 on 

page 502 of the A.M.A., Guides. The DMA related that a class 1 impairment required ankle 

instability and there was no documentation of ankle instability in the medical record. Thus, he 

advised that the appropriate rating was a class 0 default value, which yielded zero percent 

permanent impairment of the left lower extremity. Regardless, this disagreement over the 

appropriate diagnosis is immaterial to final impairment rating because it results in the same rating 

under both methodologies. 

The Board finds that the DMA properly applied the A.M.A., Guides and determined that 

appellant had zero percent left lower extremity permanent impairment.

On appeal counsel contends that an unresolved conflict in medical opinion existed between

Dr. Dosanjh and Dr. Jeffcoat with regards to appellant’s continuing residuals of the accepted 

March 3, 2017 employment injury resulting in permanent impairment. As explained above,

 

15 R.R., id.; Deborah L. Beatty, 54 ECAB 340 (2003).
8

Dr. Dosanjh did not attribute appellant’s permanent impairment to his accepted employmentrelated left ankle injury. There is no evidence of record supporting a finding of permanent 

impairment due to appellant’s accepted ankle condition. It is appellant’s burden of proof to 

establish a permanent impairment of a scheduled member as a result of an employment injury.16 

He did not submit such evidence and thus, he failed to meet his burden of proof.17

Appellant may request a schedule award or increased schedule award at any time based on 

evidence of a new exposure or medical evidence showing progression of an employment-related 

condition resulting in permanent impairment or increased impairment.

CONCLUSION

The Board finds that appellant has not met his burden of proof to establish permanent 

impairment of his left lower extremity, warranting a schedule award.

ORDER

IT IS HEREBY ORDERED THAT the September 18, 2019 decision of the Office of 

Workers’ Compensation Programs is affirmed.

Issued: June 17, 2020

Washington, DC

Alec J. Koromilas, Chief Judge

Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board

Christopher J. Godfrey, Deputy Chief Judge

Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board

Janice B. Askin, Judge

Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board

 

16 Supra note 6.

17 T.H., supra note 6; D.S., Docket No. 18-1140 (issued January 29, 2019).