United States Department of Labor

Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board

__________________________________________

W.E., Appellant

and

DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY, NAVAL 

INSTALLATIONS-ALL OTHERS, 

San Diego, CA, Employer

__________________________________________

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Docket No. 17-0451

Issued: November 20, 2017

Appearances: Case Submitted on the Record

Appellant, pro se

Office of Solicitor, for the Director

DECISION AND ORDER

Before:

PATRICIA H. FITZGERALD, Deputy Chief Judge

COLLEEN DUFFY KIKO, Judge

VALERIE D. EVANS-HARRELL, Alternate Judge

JURISDICTION

On December 28, 2016 appellant filed a timely appeal from two decisions of the Office 

of Workers’ Compensation Programs (OWCP) dated August 4, 2016.

1

 Pursuant to the Federal 

Employees’ Compensation Act2(FECA) and 20 C.F.R. §§ 501.2(c) and 501.3, the Board has 

jurisdiction to consider the merits of this case.

ISSUE

The issue is whether appellant met his burden of proof to establish disability for the 

periods January 11 through February 5 and April 18, 2016 and continuing, causally related to the 

accepted October 29, 2014 employment injury.

 

1 Appellant filed a timely request for oral argument. After exercising its discretion, by order dated May 23, 2017, 

the Board denied his request finding that his arguments could be adequately addressed in a decision based on a 

review of the case record. Order Denying Request for Oral Argument, Docket No. 17-0451 (issued May 23, 2017).

2

5 U.S.C. § 8101 et seq.
2

FACTUAL HISTORY

On November 19, 2014 appellant, then a 50-year-old telecommunications specialist, filed 

a traumatic injury claim (Form CA-1) alleging that on October 29, 2014 he sustained a 

middle/lower back injury when a magnet on a 250-pound manhole lid broke during removal of 

the lid. He stopped work on November 3, 2014 and accepted a temporary light-duty job on 

May 11, 2015. OWCP accepted the claim for lumbar sprain, which was subsequently expanded 

to include exacerbation of preexisting nonwork-related lumbosacral radiculopathy and 

exacerbation of preexisting nonwork-related lumbar intervertebral disc displacement. Appellant 

received intermittent wage-loss compensation and medical benefits on the supplemental rolls

commencing December 19, 2014. 

On January 6, 2016 Dr. Dev Sen, a treating Board-certified physiatrist and pain medicine 

physician, indicated that appellant was disabled from work from January 4 to 11, 2016 and could 

return to light-duty work from January 11 to February 11, 2016.

The record contains medical reports/office notes dated January 6 and February 9, 2016

from Mid-Atlantic Spine and Rehabilitation Associates. The reports provided medical histories, 

examination findings, and diagnoses of lumbar degenerative disc disease, chronic back pain, and 

lumbar spondylosis and acute exacerbation of the diagnosed conditions. These reports noted that 

appellant was disabled from work until January 11, 2016 and he could resume light-duty work 

after that date. The January 6, 2016 report was signed by Dr. Dev Sen, Board-certified in pain, 

physical and rehabilitation medicine. The February 9, 2016 report was signed by Steve Fox, a 

certified physician assistant.

The record also contains physical therapy notes covering treatment for the various dates 

relevant to the claimed period of disability from January 11 to February 5, 2016. The physical 

therapist3noted the treatment provided and that appellant reported a decrease in his back pain.

On February 25, 2016 Dr. Thomas Janus, a treating Board-certified family practitioner, 

noted that appellant had been in his care for the period February 22 to 28, 2016 and released him 

to return to work on February 29, 2016.

On April 4, 2016 OWCP received progress notes dated January 28, 2016 by Dr. Janus

diagnosing back pain and lumbosacral radiculopathy. Dr. Janus noted appellant’s medical 

history and physical examination findings. 

On April 25, 2016 OWCP received claims for wage-loss compensation (Form CA-7) for 

the period January 11 to February 5, 2016.

4

 

3 The signature is illegible.

4 On April 25, 2016 OWCP also received CA-7 forms claiming wage-loss compensation for the periods 

February 8 to 19, 2016 and February 22 to April 15, 2016. Wage-loss compensation was paid for the periods 

February 8 to 19, 2016 and February 22 to April 14, 2016. 
3

On April 26, 2016 OWCP received a certificate dated January 21, 2016 from Dr. Janus

noting that appellant was disabled from work for the period January 25 to 31, 2016 and that he 

had been released to return to work with no restrictions on February 1, 2016. 

On April 26, 2016 OWCP also received an April 1, 2016 note from Dr. Janus releasing 

appellant to work four hours per day until his reevaluation on April 24, 2016. Dr. Janus reported 

that appellant had an exacerbation of his lumbosacral radiculopathy and sciatic nerve pain, which 

resulted in total disability for the period March 21 to April 1, 2016. 

In a letter dated May 4, 2016, OWCP acknowledged receipt of CA-7 forms claiming 

wage-loss compensation for the period January 11 to April 15, 2016. It advised appellant that

payment had been authorized for 60 hours for the period February 8 to 19, 2016 and 39 days for 

the period February 22 to April 14, 2016. OWCP also informed him that the evidence was 

insufficient to establish entitlement to compensation for January 11 to 22 and January 25 to 

February 5, 2016. It advised appellant to submit medical evidence explaining why he was 

disabled from performing his job for the dates in question and afforded him 30 days to provide 

this information. 

On May 9, 2016 OWCP received a Form CA-7 claiming wage-loss compensation for the 

period April 18 to 29, 2016. It also received an April 25, 2016 disability note from Mr. Fox 

indicating that appellant was disabled from work from April 25 to May 4, 2016. 

On May 11, 2016 OWCP referred appellant for a second opinion evaluation with

Dr. D. Burke Haskins, a Board-certified orthopedic surgeon, for an evaluation of appellant’s 

condition. 

Appellant submitted physical therapy notes dated January 28, May 3, 5, 10, 12, 17, and 

26, 2016 regarding treatment provided and complaints of increased back pain. 

In a letter dated May 17, 2016, OWCP noted that appellant stopped work on April 18, 

2016 and had not returned. It advised that the evidence was insufficient to establish his claim for 

wage-loss compensation for the period April 18, 2016 and continuing. Appellant was advised 

regarding the medical evidence required and afforded 30 days to provide the requested 

information.

In response to OWCP’s request, appellant submitted medical report/office visit notes 

dated April 25 and May 9, 2016 electronically signed by Mr. Fox for an evaluation of appellant’s 

chronic pain. Mr. Fox provided physical examination findings, and diagnosed lumbar 

degenerative disc disease, lumbar radiculopathy, low back pain, and lumbar spondylosis. On 

April 25, 2016 he wrote that appellant was to remain off work and that he might be a candidate 

for a functional capacity evaluation (FCE). In the May 9, 2016 note, Mr. Fox indicated that 

appellant was off work until light-duty work was available. 

Appellant subsequently filed CA-7 forms claiming wage-loss compensation for the 

periods May 2 to 13, 16 to 27, and 30 to June 10, 12 to 25, and 26 to July 9, 2016 

In a letter dated June 9, 2016, OWCP noted receipt of his CA-7 forms claiming wage-loss 

compensation for May 2, 2016 and continuing. It informed appellant that the evidence submitted 
4

was insufficient to support his claim for wage-loss compensation for the period April 18, 2016 

and continuing. OWCP advised appellant regarding the medical evidence required and afforded 

him 30 days to submit the requested information. It also informed appellant that certified 

physician assistants, nurses, and nurse practitioners are not considered physicians under FECA. 

In response to OWCP’s request, appellant submitted additional medical evidence.

In a January 28, 2016 progress note, Dr. Janus indicated that appellant was seen for low 

back pain and right leg paresthesias. A physical examination revealed normal spinal range of 

motion, no subluxations or spinal tenderness, and normal bilateral extremity strength. Dr. Janus 

diagnosed back pain and lumbosacral radiculopathy.

Dr. Janus, in an April 8, 2016 disability certificate, reported that appellant had been under 

his care from April 4 to 22, 2016 and could return to work on April 25, 2016 with no restrictions. 

He attributed appellant’s disability for April 4 to 22, 2016 to an exacerbation of lumbosacral and 

sciatic nerve radiculopathy. 

In a May 9, 2016 disability note, Mr. Fox indicated that appellant was disabled from 

work for the period May 9 to June 13, 2016. 

In a June 13, 2016 report, Dr. Sen diagnosed low back pain, most likely myofascial. 

Under history, he attributed appellant’s low back pain to an old injury, which he opined should 

have healed. Appellant’s past medical history included diagnoses of right knee osteoarthritis, 

lumbosacral spondylosis without myelopathy, low back pain, lumbago, lower limb benign 

neoplasm, lumbosacral and lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration, joint pain, medial meniscus 

derangement, lumbar degenerative disc disease, myofascial myalgia/myositis, lumbar 

radiculopathy, and lumbar spondylosis. A physical examination revealed diffuse lumbosacral 

region tenderness; increased low back pain, pressure over the shoulders; and exaggerated 

responses. Dr. Sen noted inconsistent findings, exaggerated responses, and recommended an

FCE to determine a permanent job description. 

In a letter dated June 21, 2016, OWCP noted receipt of CA-7 forms for the period 

May 30, 2016 and continuing and that the evidence received was insufficient to support 

appellant’s claim. It afforded him 30 days to submit evidence supporting his claim for wage-loss 

compensation. 

Subsequent to it June 21, 2016 letter OWCP received additional evidence including a

report from Dr. Haskins, OWCP’s second opinion physician. 

In a June 7, 2016 report, Dr. Haskins noted appellant’s history of injury as well as his 

medical history. He related that appellant was involved in a nonwork-related motor vehicle 

accident in 2008 at which time he sustained a back injury. Appellant was able to return to 

normal activities in 2010. Dr. Haskins diagnosed aggravation of lumbar degenerative disc and 

probable peripheral neuropathy. He related that he could not determine whether the aggravation 

was temporary or permanent and required medical records from 2008 to 2014 for that 

determination. Appellant’s examination findings included negative bilateral straight leg raising 

testing when sitting, negative Fabere sign with full bilateral hip range of motion, depressed knee 

reflexes, normal ankle reflexes, negative flip and Lasegue tests, pain in pelvic region and lower 
5

midline lumbar spine, full extension, 20 degrees flexion, and inability to bilaterally heel and toe 

stand. Dr. Haskins explained that he had not examined appellant prior to June 7, 2016, therefore,

he was unable to provide an opinion on periods of disability due to the accepted employment 

conditions except that as of June 7, 2016 appellant was not disabled. In an attached June 7, 2016 

work capacity evaluation form (Form OWCP-5c), he provided work restrictions and 

recommended a sedentary position.

In prescription notes dated June 13, 2016, Dr. Sen prescribed an FCE and indicated that 

appellant was out of work until July 11, 2016. 

On June 28, 2016 Dr. Sen saw appellant for a follow-up visit for back pain complaints. 

He diagnosed lumbar radiculopathy, lumbar degenerative disc disease, lumbar spondylosis, and 

chronic low back pain. Dr. Sen related that appellant’s physical examination revealed decreased 

lumbar range of motion and diffuse tenderness on palpation. 

Dr. Sen, in office visit notes dated July 5 and 12, 2016, reported that appellant was seen 

for employment-related chronic low back pain. In the July 5, 2016 note, he reported that in 

April 2016 he determined that appellant was totally disabled due to an acute exacerbation of his 

symptoms and was to remain out of work pending an FCE. 

An FCE was performed on July 6, 2016 which showed appellant was capable of 

performing light work for four hours per day or may be able to perform sedentary work for eight 

hours per day. The report noted a diagnosis of myofascial pain, lumbar radiculopathy, low back 

pain/lumbago, thoracic and lumbar sprains/strains, and lumbar back pain/S1 facet syndrome. 

On July 12, 2016 Dr. Sen released appellant to return to four hours of light-duty work on 

July 18, 2016 based on the FCE.

In a July 12, 2016 disability note, Mr. Fox indicated that appellant was disabled from 

work for the period July 12 to 18, 2016 and could return to light-duty work on July 18, 2016.

In an OWCP-5c form and attending physician’s report (Form CA-20) dated July 12, 

2016, Dr. Sen indicated that appellant was capable of working four hours per day with 

restrictions based on an FCE. On the Form CA-20 he diagnosed lumbar degenerative disc 

disease, lower back pain, and lumbar spondylosis. Dr. Sen noted that appellant was totally 

disabled from work for the period April 18 to July 18, 2016 and partially disabled from July 18, 

2016 onward.

By decision dated August 4, 2016, OWCP denied appellant’s claim for wage-loss 

compensation for the period January 11 through February 5, 2016. 

In a separate decision dated August 4, 2016, OWCP denied appellant’s claim for wageloss compensation for the period April 18, 2016 and continuing. 
6

LEGAL PRECEDENT

An employee seeking benefits under FECA5has the burden of proof to establish the 

essential elements of his or her claim by the weight of the evidence.6 For each period of 

disability claimed, the employee has the burden of establishing that she was disabled for work as 

a result of the accepted employment injury.7 Whether a particular injury causes an employee to 

become disabled for work, and the duration of that disability, are medical issues that must be 

proved by a preponderance of probative and reliable medical opinion evidence.8 

Under FECA the term “disability” means incapacity, because of an employment injury, to 

earn the wages that the employee was receiving at the time of injury.9 When an employee who is 

disabled from the job he or she held when injured on account of employment-related residuals 

returns to a limited-duty position or the medical evidence of record establishes that he or she can 

perform the limited-duty position, the employee has the burden to establish by the weight of the 

reliable, probative, and substantial evidence to show that he or she cannot perform the limitedduty position. As part of this burden, the employee must show either a change in the nature and 

extent of the injury-related condition or a change in the nature and extent of the limited-duty 

requirements.10

The Board will not require OWCP to pay compensation for disability in the absence of 

medical evidence directly addressing the specific dates of disability for which compensation is 

claimed. To do so, would essentially allow an employee to self-certify their disability and 

entitlement to compensation.11

ANALYSIS

The Board finds that appellant has not submitted the necessary medical opinion evidence 

to establish total disability during the periods January 11 through February 5, and April 18, 2016 

and continuing due to the accepted October 29, 2014 employment injury. None of the physicians 

of record provided a clear, medically-reasoned explanation as to why appellant could not work 

full time in his light-duty job for the specific claimed periods because of the accepted 

October 29, 2014 work injury.12

 

5

Supra note 2.

6

See Amelia S. Jefferson, 57 ECAB 183 (2005); see also Nathaniel A. Milton, 37 ECAB 712 (1986); Joseph M. 

Whelan, 20 ECAB 55 (1968).

7

See Amelia S. Jefferson, id.; see also David H. Goss, 32 ECAB 24 (1980).

8

See Edward H. Horton, 41 ECAB 301 (1989).

9

S.M., 58 ECAB 166 (2006); Bobbie F. Cowart, 55 ECAB 746 (2004); Conard Hightower, 54 ECAB 796 

(2003); 20 C.F.R. § 10.5(f).

10 See D.K., Docket No. 15-665 (issued August 10, 2015). 

11 See William A. Archer, 55 ECAB 674 (2004); Fereidoon Kharabi, 52 ECAB 291 (2001).

12 Id.
7

OWCP accepted that appellant sustained lumbar sprain, exacerbation of preexisting 

nonwork related lumbosacral radiculopathy, and exacerbation of preexisting nonwork-related 

lumbar intervertebral disc displacement due to the accepted October 29, 2014 work injury. 

Appellant returned to a light-duty job on May 11, 2015. 

The record contains disability notes and reports from Dr. Sen. On January 6, 2016

Dr. Sen opined that appellant was disabled from work for the period January 4 to 11, 2016 and 

released him to return to light-duty work from January 11 to February 11, 2016. In reports dated 

June 13 and 28, 2016, he noted a medical history and provided examination finding. Dr. Sen’s

diagnoses included chronic low back pain, lumbar degenerative disc disease, lumbar spondylosis, 

and lumbar radiculopathy. In a June 13, 2016 prescription note, he indicated that appellant was 

disabled from work until July 11, 2016. In an office visit note dated July 5, 2016, Dr. Sen

reported that appellant was totally disabled from work beginning in April 2016 due to an 

aggravation of his symptoms. He released appellant to return to four hours of light-duty work in 

a July 12, 2016 office visit note. In a July 12, 2016 Form CA-20, Dr. Sen diagnosed lumbar 

degenerative disc disease, lumbar spondylosis, and lower back pain. He noted a period of total

disability from April 18 to July 18, 2016 and partial disability from July 18, 2016 and 

continuing. However, none of the medical evidence provided a medical opinion, supported by 

rationale and objective findings, that appellant could not work due to objective worsening of the 

accepted conditions.13 Thus, these reports from Dr. Sen are insufficient to establish appellant’s 

claim.

Appellant also submitted reports and disability notes from Dr. Janus. Dr. Janus, in a

January 21, 2016 disability note, indicated that appellant was disabled from work from 

January 25 to 31, 2016 and was released to return to work with no restrictions on 

February 1, 2016. In progress notes dated January 28, 2016, he provided examination findings, 

noted the history of injury, and diagnosed back pain and lumbosacral radiculopathy. On 

February 25, 2016 Dr. Janus released appellant to return to work on February 29, 2016. On 

April 1, 2016 he released appellant to return to working four hours per day. In an April 8, 2016 

disability certificate, Dr. Janus opined that appellant was totally disabled for the period April 4 to 

22, 2016 due to an aggravation of his lumbosacral radiculopathy and sciatic nerve. On April 26, 

2016 he opined that appellant was disabled from work from January 25 to 31, 2016. Dr. Janus 

also failed to submit a medical opinion, supported by rationale and objective findings, explaining 

how appellant’s disability for the periods in question was related to the accepted conditions.14 

Thus, these reports from Dr. Sen are insufficient to establish appellant’s claim.

As noted, appellant must submit rationalized medical evidence supporting causal 

relationship between the disabling condition and the accepted injury. Furthermore, the medical 

evidence must directly address the specific dates of disability for work for which compensation 

is claimed.15 The need for medical rationale is particularly important where the record shows 

 

13 Id.

14 Id.

15 C.S., Docket No. 08-2218 (issued August 7, 2009); Sandra D. Pruitt, 57 ECAB 126 (2005).
8

that appellant has a preexisting degenerative disc disease condition.16 None of the physicians of 

record provided a discussion of how any objective medical findings attributable to the accepted 

conditions supported that appellant could not perform his job duties for the specific claimed 

periods or how his condition had worsened.

Appellant also submitted medical evidence from Mr. Fox, a certified physician assistant. 

However, certified physician assistants are not considered physicians under FECA.17 Thus, these 

records are of no probative medical value in establishing appellant’s claim.

Appellant also submitted physical therapy reports. These reports are insufficient to 

establish appellant’s claim because physical therapists are not considered physicians under 

FECA and the opinion, therefore, is of no probative value.18

Finally, the Board notes that OWCP also received a June 7, 2016 report from

Dr. Haskins, an OWCP second opinion physician. Dr. Haskins opined that as of the date of his 

examination appellant was not totally disabled due to the accepted employment injury. 

Appellant may submit new evidence or argument with a written request for 

reconsideration to OWCP within one year of this merit decision, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. § 8128(a) 

and 20 C.F.R. §§ 10.605 through 10.607.

CONCLUSION

The Board finds that appellant has not met his burden of proof to establish disability for 

the periods January 11 through February 5, and April 18, 2016 and continuing, causally related 

to the accepted October 29, 2014 employment injury.

 

16 See R.M., Docket No. 17-339 (issued March 24, 2017). 

17 5 U.S.C. § 8101(2); Section 8101(2) of FECA provides that the term physician includes surgeons, podiatrists 

dentists, clinical psychologists, optometrists, chiropractors, and osteopathic practitioners within the scope of their 

practice as defined by State law. L.L., Docket No. 13-829 (issued August 20, 2013) (a physician assistant is not a 

physician under FECA). See 5 U.S.C. § 8101(2). This subsection defines the term physician. See also Charley V.B. 

Harley, 2 ECAB 208, 211 (1949) (where the Board held that medical opinion, in general, can only be given by a 

qualified physician).

18 See id., 5 U.S.C. § 8101(2); see also Jane A. White, 34 ECAB 515 (1983). A physical therapist is not a 

physician under FECA; see also E.W., Docket No. 16-1729 (issued May 12, 2017). 
9

ORDER

IT IS HEREBY ORDERED THAT the decisions of the Office of Workers’

Compensation Programs dated August 4, 2016 are affirmed.

Issued: November 20, 2017

Washington, DC

Patricia H. Fitzgerald, Deputy Chief Judge

Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board

Colleen Duffy Kiko, Judge

Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board

Valerie D. Evans-Harrell, Alternate Judge

Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board