United States Department of Labor 

Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board 

__________________________________________ 

R.M., Appellant 

and 

U.S. POSTAL SERVICE, POST OFFICE, 

Denver, CO, Employer 

__________________________________________ 

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Docket No. 14-1720 

Issued: February 15, 2017 

Appearances: Case Submitted on the Record

Appellant, pro se

Office of Solicitor, for the Director 

DECISION AND ORDER 

Before: 

CHRISTOPHER J. GODFREY, Chief Judge 

COLLEEN DUFFY KIKO, Judge 

JAMES A. HAYNES, Alternate Judge 

JURISDICTION 

On August 4, 2014 appellant filed a timely appeal from a February 7, 2014 merit decision 

of the Office of Workers’ Compensation Programs (OWCP). Pursuant to the Federal 

Employees’ Compensation Act1

 (FECA) and 20 C.F.R. §§ 501.2(c) and 501.3, the Board has 

jurisdiction over the merits of this case.2

 

ISSUE 

The issue is whether appellant established more than eight percent permanent impairment 

to the right upper extremity, for which he previously received a schedule award. 

On appeal appellant contends that he has 11 percent permanent impairment to the right 

upper extremity based on the opinion of Dr. Gregory Reichhardt, a Board-certified physiatrist, 

 1

 5 U.S.C. § 8101 et seq. 

2

 The Board notes that, following the issuance of the February 7, 2014 OWCP decision, appellant submitted new 

evidence. The Board is precluded from reviewing evidence which was not before OWCP at the time it issued its 

final decision. See 20 C.F.R. § 501.2(c)(1). 
2

who utilized the range of motion (ROM) method under the sixth edition of the American 

Medical Association, Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment (A.M.A., Guides). 

FACTUAL HISTORY 

On June 4, 2012 appellant, then a 44-year-old letter carrier, filed a traumatic injury claim 

(Form CA-1) alleging a right shoulder injury on May 26, 2012 as a result of pulling trays in the 

performance of duty. OWCP accepted the claim for complete right rotator cuff rupture, 

subscapularis and supraspinatus sprains of the right shoulder and upper arm, and other affections 

of the right shoulder region not elsewhere classified. It authorized a September 19, 2012 right 

shoulder surgery. 

Under OWCP File No. xxxxxx188, OWCP had previously accepted right rotator cuff 

syndrome and a recurrent dislocation of the right shoulder region on December 6, 2000 for which 

appellant had received a schedule award for eight percent permanent impairment of the right 

upper extremity on December 31, 2003. 

On April 23, 2013 appellant filed a claim for an additional schedule award (Form CA-7). 

In a March 28, 2013 report, Dr. Reichhardt reviewed appellant’s medical history and 

provided results on examination. He found that appellant’s right shoulder forward flexion was 

119 degrees, extension 38 degrees, adduction 36 degrees, abduction 87 degrees, internal rotation 

50 degrees, and external rotation 49 degrees. Appellant had a positive Hawkin’s impingement 

sign for anterior and lateral shoulder pain and Speed’s testing was positive for anterior shoulder 

pain. He had normal supraspinatus, infraspinatus, and subscapularis strength. Dr. Reichhardt 

diagnosed right shoulder pain and opined that appellant had reached maximum medical 

improvement (MMI) as of March 29, 2013. Under the sixth edition of the A.M.A., Guides, he 

determined that appellant had 11 percent permanent impairment of the right upper extremity 

based on the ROM method of calculating right shoulder impairment. 

In an April 26, 2013 letter, OWCP notified appellant of the deficiencies of his schedule 

award claim and afforded him 60 days to submit additional evidence and respond to its inquiries. 

On May 1, 2013 Dr. Reichhardt indicated that three warm-up stretches through each of 

the planes of movement were performed and three sequential ROM tests were performed. He 

indicated that appellant had a QuickDASH score of 38.6 and reiterated his 11 percent permanent 

impairment rating. 

On June 20, 2013 an OWCP medical adviser reviewed the evidence of record and 

explained his opinion that Dr. Reichhardt had used the less preferred ROM method to determine 

appellant’s impairment rating. He further explained that the QuickDASH score could not be 

used to assign impairment as appellant had not answered two of the questions. Utilizing the 

diagnosis-based impairment (DBI) method of calculating permanent impairment, OWCP’s 

medical adviser found that, based upon the findings of Dr. Reichhardt and the sixth edition of the 

A.M.A., Guides, appellant had five percent permanent impairment of the right upper extremity. 

He determined that appellant’s date of MMI was May 1, 2013, the date of Dr. Reichhardt’s 

examination. OWCP’s medical adviser indicated that appellant’s most impairing diagnosis in 
3

the right shoulder region was partial rotator cuff tear with residual dysfunction, which was a 

class 1 diagnosis. He assigned a grade modifier of 1 for Functional History (GMFH) on the basis 

that appellant continued to have shoulder pain and loss of ROM. OWCP’s medical adviser 

assigned a grade modifier of 1 for Physical Examination (GMPE) based on Dr. Reichhardt’s 

ROM findings as applied to Table 15-34,3

 page 475, of the A.M.A., Guides and because there 

was tenderness to palpation and no other objective deficits. OWCP’s medical adviser assigned a 

grade modifier of 4 for Clinical Studies (GMCS) based on diagnostic testing which showed 

tearing. Using the net adjustment formula of (GMFH - CDX) + (GMPE - CDX) + (GMCS - 

CDX), he found that (1-1) + (1-1) + (4-1) resulted in a net grade modifier of 3,4

 resulting in an 

impairment class 1, grade E, equaling five percent permanent impairment of the right upper 

extremity under Table 15-5,5

 page 402, of the A.M.A., Guides. 

By decision dated July 3, 2013, OWCP denied appellant’s claim for an additional 

schedule award, indicating that OWCP’s medical adviser assigned five percent permanent 

impairment of the right upper extremity. As appellant had previously received a schedule award 

for eight percent permanent impairment of the right upper extremity under OWCP File No. 

xxxxxx188, the medical evidence therefore did not support an increase over that already granted. 

On July 30, 2013 appellant requested an oral hearing before an OWCP hearing 

representative and submitted reports from Dr. Joshua T. Snyder, a Board-certified orthopedic 

surgeon, who indicated that he had performed a right shoulder arthroscopy and revision rotator 

cuff repair on September 19, 2012 and indicated that appellant continued to have ROM issues. 

On March 1, 2013 Dr. John Charbonneau, a Board-certified occupational medicine 

specialist, diagnosed right shoulder strain, biceps tear and tendinitis, and a high-grade lesion. 

In a report dated July 9, 2013, Dr. Reichhardt explained that questions 9 and 10 on the 

QuickDASH form had been answered by indicating that appellant’s shoulder pain was between a 

two and three out of five for both of these areas. He also reiterated that his impairment rating 

was previously based on the ROM method. 

A telephonic hearing was held before an OWCP hearing representative on 

December 9, 2013. 

By decision dated February 7, 2014, OWCP’s hearing representative affirmed the July 3, 

2013 schedule award decision. 

LEGAL PRECEDENT 

Section 8149 of FECA delegates to the Secretary of Labor the authority to prescribe rules 

and regulations for the administration and enforcement of FECA. The Secretary of Labor has 

 3

 Table 15-34, page 475, of the sixth edition of the A.M.A., Guides is entitled Shoulder Range of Motion. 

4

 In his report, OWCP’s medical adviser identified the net adjustment as two because the final net adjustment 

calculation resulted in the maximum movement of two grades to the right of grade C to grade E. 

5

 Table 15-5, page 401-05, of the sixth edition of the A.M.A., Guides is entitled Shoulder Regional Grid. 
4

vested the authority to implement the FECA program with the Director of the Office of Workers’ 

Compensation Programs.6 Section 8107 of FECA sets forth the number of weeks of 

compensation to be paid for the permanent loss of use of specified members, functions, and 

organs of the body.7

 FECA, however, does not specify the manner by which the percentage loss 

of a member, function, or organ shall be determined. To ensure consistent results and equal 

justice under the law, good administrative practice requires the use of uniform standards 

applicable to all claimants. Through its implementing regulations, OWCP adopted the A.M.A., 

Guides as the appropriate standard for evaluating schedule losses.8

 

The sixth edition of the A.M.A., Guides was first printed in 2008. Within months of the 

initial printing, the A.M.A., Guides issued a 52-page document entitled, “Clarifications and 

Corrections, Sixth Edition, Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment.” The document 

included various changes to the original text, intended to serve as an erratum/supplement to the 

first printing of the A.M.A., Guides. In April 2009, these changes were formally incorporated 

into the second printing of the sixth edition. 

As of May 1, 2009, schedule awards are determined in accordance with the sixth edition 

of the A.M.A., Guides (2009).9

 The Board has approved the use by OWCP of the A.M.A., 

Guides for the purpose of determining the percentage loss of use of a member of the body for 

schedule award purposes.10

ANALYSIS 

The issue on appeal is whether appellant established that he sustained more than an eight 

percent permanent impairment to the right upper extremity, for which he previously received a 

schedule award. 

The Board finds that this case is not in posture for decision. 

The Board has found that OWCP has inconsistently applied Chapter 15 of the sixth 

edition of the A.M.A., Guides when granting schedule awards for upper extremity claims. No 

consistent interpretation has been followed regarding the proper use of the DBI or the ROM 

methodology when assessing the extent of permanent impairment for schedule award purposes.11 

The purpose of the use of uniform standards is to ensure consistent results and to ensure equal 

 6 See 20 C.F.R. §§ 1.1-1.4. 

7

 For a complete loss of use of an arm, an employee shall receive 312 weeks’ compensation. 5 U.S.C. 

§ 8107(c)(1). 

8

 20 C.F.R. § 10.404. See also Ronald R. Kraynak, 53 ECAB 130 (2001). 

9

 Federal (FECA) Procedure Manual, Part 2 -- Claims, Schedule Awards and Permanent Disability Claims, 

Chapter 2.808.6a (February 2013); Part 3 -- Medical, Schedule Awards, Chapter 3.700, Exhibit 1 (January 2010). 

10 Isidoro Rivera, 12 ECAB 348 (1961). 

11 T.H., Docket No. 14-0943 (issued November 25, 2016). 
5

justice under the law to all claimants.12 In T.H., the Board concluded that OWCP physicians are 

at odds over the proper methodology for rating upper extremity impairment, having observed 

attending physicians, evaluating physicians, second opinion physicians, impartial medical 

examiners, and district medical advisers use both DBI and ROM methodologies interchangeably 

without any consistent basis. Furthermore, the Board has observed that physicians 

interchangeably cite to language in the first printing or the second printing when justifying use of 

either ROM or DBI methodology. Because OWCP’s own physicians are inconsistent in the 

application of the A.M.A., Guides, the Board finds that OWCP can no longer ensure consistent 

results and equal justice under the law for all claimants.13 

In light of the conflicting interpretation by OWCP of the sixth edition with respect to 

upper extremity impairment ratings, it is incumbent upon OWCP, through its implementing 

regulations and/or internal procedures, to establish a consistent method for rating upper 

extremity impairment. In order to ensure consistent results and equal justice under the law for 

cases involving upper extremity impairment, the Board will set aside the February 7, 2014 

decision. Following OWCP’s development of a consistent method for calculating permanent 

impairment for upper extremities to be applied uniformly, and such other development as may be 

deemed necessary, OWCP shall issue a de novo decision on appellant’s claim for an upper 

extremity schedule award. 

CONCLUSION 

The Board finds this case not in posture for decision.

 12 Ausbon N. Johnson, 50 ECAB 304, 311 (1999). 

13 Supra note 11. 
6

ORDER 

IT IS HEREBY ORDERED THAT the February 7, 2014 decision of the Office of 

Workers’ Compensation Programs is set aside, and the case is remanded for further action 

consistent with this decision.14

Issued: February 15, 2017 

Washington, DC 

 

 Christopher J. Godfrey, Chief Judge 

 Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board 

 

 Colleen Duffy Kiko, Judge 

 Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board 

 14 James A. Haynes, Alternate Judge, participated in the original decision but was no longer a member of the 

Board effective November 16, 2015.