United States Department of Labor 

Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board 

__________________________________________ 

B.G., Appellant 

and 

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, FOREST 

SERVICE, LOS PADRES NATIONAL FOREST, 

Albuquerque, NM, Employer 

__________________________________________ 

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Docket No. 15-0757 

Issued: March 22, 2016 

Appearances: Case Submitted on the Record

Appellant, pro se 

Office of Solicitor, for the Director 

DECISION AND ORDER 

Before: 

CHRISTOPHER J. GODFREY, Chief Judge 

PATRICIA H. FITZGERALD, Deputy Chief Judge 

ALEC J. KOROMILAS, Alternate Judge 

JURISDICTION 

On February 18, 2015 appellant filed a timely appeal from a September 24, 2014 merit 

decision of the Office of Workers’ Compensation Programs (OWCP). Pursuant to the Federal 

Employees’ Compensation Act1 (FECA) and 20 C.F.R. §§ 501.2(c) and 501.3, the Board has 

jurisdiction over the merits of this case.2

 

ISSUE 

The issue is whether appellant met her burden of proof to establish that she was totally 

disabled for the period February 9, 2011 through April 25, 2012 causally related to her accepted 

back injury. 

 1

 5 U.S.C. § 8101 et seq. 

2

 Appellant submitted new evidence on appeal. However, the Board cannot consider this evidence as its review 

of the case is limited to the evidence of record which was before OWCP at the time of its final decision. 20 C.F.R. 

§ 501.2(c); see Steven S. Saleh, 55 ECAB 169 (2003). 
2

On appeal, appellant contends that her initial medical treatment was not comprehensive, 

that when she returned to modified duty she was still in a lot of pain, that the employing 

establishment did not give her adequate help in negotiating the workers’ compensation system, 

that when she finally received competent medical attention she had multiple surgeries, and that 

these doctors believed that she was totally disabled for the aforementioned time period. 

FACTUAL HISTORY 

On July 9, 2010 appellant, then a 25-year-old forestry technician, filed a traumatic injury 

claim (Form CA-1) alleging that on July 9, 2010 she woke up with severe back pain, could not 

stand up straight and had severe shooting pains in her right leg. She alleged that this was due to 

the physical training she underwent on July 8, 2010. OWCP accepted appellant’s claim for 

sprain of the lumbar region of the back. On August 22, 2012 it accepted her claim for L5-S1 

herniation. 

In a November 16, 2010 report, Dr. Michael R. Shapiro, a Board-certified orthopedic 

surgeon, diagnosed L5-S1 herniated nucleus pulposus, central and right, and noted that appellant 

may continue working modified duty. He recommended a spine surgical consultation with 

possible L5-S1 microdiscetomy. Dr. Shapiro opined that causation was industrial in nature, 

given appellant’s employment demands. 

On February 16, 2011 the employing establishment notified appellant that she was 

charged with being absent without leave (AWOL) for a total of 72 hours from February 4 

to 16, 2011. It noted that it had made several attempts to contact appellant, but that she never 

returned any of their calls and had not contacted anyone with regard to the reason for her 

absences. The employing establishment notified appellant of the procedures for filing a 

grievance. 

In a subsequent letter dated March 2, 2011, the employing establishment notified 

appellant of her continuous AWOL status and that she had made no attempt to contact her 

supervisor to request leave or to explain her absence. It stated that it would like to schedule a 

meeting with her and advised her of her rights. 

By letter dated March 30, 2011, the employing establishment issued a proposal to remove 

appellant from her position as a forestry technician, and she was notified that her removal would 

be effective 30 days from the date she received the letter, or 30 days following reasonable 

delivery efforts. Appellant was charged with unauthorized absence. 

By letter dated May 12, 2011, the employing establishment notified appellant that her 

removal would be effective May 19, 2011. In a notification of personnel action (SF-50), with an 

effective date of May 19, 2011, it removed her from her federal employment. The reason for the 

removal was listed as unauthorized absence. The employing establishment noted that appellant 

was AWOL continuously commencing February 3, 2011 and that it received no request for leave 

or response to repeated requests for information regarding her ongoing absence. 

A June 30, 2011 magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan of the lumbar spine was 

interpreted as showing broad-based posterior disc bulging and left paramedian disc protrusions at 

L5-S1 with broad-based disc bulging and lumbar spondylosis with disc space narrowing. 
3

In a December 29, 2011 report, Dr. George J. Thomas, III, a Board-certified orthopedic 

surgeon, indicated that x-rays of that date showed intervertebral disc narrowing at L5-S1, a 10-

degree levoscoliosis at L3-4, and mild degenerative osteoarthritic changes of the lumbar spine. 

In a medical report of the same date, he reported that appellant informed him that she left her job 

on February 9, 2011 due to lower back pain. Appellant told Dr. Thomas that she was doing well 

until the end of a work expedition fighting forest fires in July 2010, and that at that time she 

experienced stiffness to the lower back which became quite severe. Dr. Thomas noted that 

appellant should have the option of surgical intervention as she clearly had a herniated lumbar 

disc on old films which appear to be amenable to surgical intervention. He opined that her injury 

was 100 percent work related. 

In a January 31, 2012 report, Dr. Thomas noted that appellant’s chief complaint was 

lower back pain radiating to the right leg with weakness, and that they were presently arranging 

consultation with a back surgeon for a likely right L5-S1 laminectomy and discectomy. He 

noted that there were no exact dates off work at this time. Dr. Thomas noted that appellant has 

working on and off since the July 8, 2010 injury and had to leave her job on February 9, 2011 

due to back pain. He continued to submit medical reports noting continued treatment of 

appellant from February 28 to July 19, 2012. In a March 27, 2012 note, Dr. Thomas noted his 

continuing treatment of appellant for lower back pain and that he was attempting to arrange a 

consultation with a back surgeon. He concluded that she was off work until November 14, 2012 

at which time she may return with no limitations. 

A January 3, 2012 MRI scan of the lumbar spine was interpreted by Dr. Paymann Moin, 

a Board-certified diagnostic radiologist, as evincing at L5-S1 a 65-millimeter disc bulge which, 

in combination with mild facet hypertrophy, resulted in moderate-to-severe right and severe left 

neural foraminal stenosis with abutment of the bilateral exiting nerve roots; and approximately 

eight degrees of levoscoliosis centered at L3. 

On February 6, 2012 appellant filed a Form CA-7 claim for compensation for leave 

without pay beginning February 9, 2011. 

In an April 3, 2012 letter to OWCP, appellant noted that her last recorded day of work 

was February 9, 2011, and that she told G.R., who was present that day, that she was in immense 

pain due to her work injury and that she was told that she did not have enough hours to take more 

leave. She described that she was in pain every day of her modified duties, that she was in 

excruciating pain the last day of work, that she had insomnia due to her injuries, alleged that she 

was being harassed by L.C., and worked in a hostile work environment. Appellant asked that 

status be changed from AWOL to leave without pay (LWOP). She alleged that three days after 

she left, she sent R.S. an e-mail explaining why she would not be able to return to work, but that 

she could not find a copy of the e-mail. 

On April 5, 2012 OWCP referred appellant to Dr. G.B. Ha’Eri, a Board-certified 

orthopedic surgeon, for a second opinion regarding the nature and extent of appellant’s accepted 

condition, the extent of disability and appropriate treatment. 

By decision dated April 25, 2012, OWCP denied appellant’s claim for disability from 

February 9, 2011 through the date of the decision. 
4

In a June 5, 2012 report, a second opinion physician, Dr. Ha’Eri reviewed appellant’s 

medical history, and conducted a physical examination, and diagnosed appellant with an L5-S1 

disc herniation with right lower extremity radiculopathy. He opined that this was a residual from 

the July 8, 2010 injury. Dr. Ha’Eri opined that appellant should not have been totally off work 

since February 9, 2011, but should have been placed on work limitations. 

In an August 2, 2012 report, Dr. Thomas reiterated diagnoses of herniated lumbar disc 

L5-S1, chronic lumbosacral strain, sciatica, insomnia, and right posterior Scalene Adenopathy. 

He opined that appellant was in an off-work status until November 14, 2012, but that meanwhile 

she was unable to do light duty. Appellant continued to seek treatment from Dr. Thomas. 

In a September 27, 2012 report, Dr. William L. Caton, a Board-certified neurosurgeon, 

listed impressions of herniated nucleus pulposus, L5-S1, central and lateral, entrapping L5 and 

S1 roots, degenerative disc disease, and levoscoliosis. He noted that appellant was in need of a 

lumbar laminectomy, medial facetectomy, microforminotomy, and microdiscectomy at the L5-

S1 level. Appellant continued treatment with Dr. Caton. 

Appellant had spinal surgery on December 19, 2012, and OWCP commenced 

compensation for disability starting that date. 

On February 7, 2013 appellant requested reconsideration of the April 25, 2012 decision. 

In support thereof, appellant submitted prescription notes indicating that she was seen by 

Dr. Thomas on multiple occasions from December 23, 2011 through June 7, 2012. She also 

submitted evidence that she had physical therapy appointments with Kinetix Advanced Physical 

Therapy from December 30, 2011 through March 14, 2012. Appellant also resubmitted reports 

already in evidence, including the June 5, 2012 report by Dr. Ha’Eri, reports by Drs. Thomas and 

Caton, and copies of prior correspondence and decisions. 

By decision dated May 20, 2013, OWCP determined that the evidence submitted was 

insufficient to modify the April 25, 2012 decision because the medical evidence failed to support 

that she was totally disabled and incapable of all work beginning February 9, 2011.) 

On September 12, 2013 appellant again requested reconsideration. She resubmitted 

reports by Drs. Caton and Thomas. 

In a December 17, 2013 decision, OWCP denied modification of its prior decision.3

On June 4, 2014 appellant underwent surgery for treatment of her degenerative disc 

disease. 

On June 24, 2014 appellant again requested reconsideration. In support thereof, she 

submitted a May 29, 2014 report wherein Dr. Thomas noted that she has been in constant pain 

since at least May 8, 2010 and is still presently unemployed due to her permanent total disability. 

He opined that since February 9, 2010 appellant was unable to work because of temporary total 

disability, and was unable to do any specific duties of her work as a forestry technician such as 

 3

 In its December 17, 2013 decision, OWCP determined that the December 29, 2011 report from Dr. Thomas and 

the September 27, 2012 report from Dr. Caton constituted new evidence. However, these reports were already in the 

record. 
5

lifting, bending, stooping, twisting, turning, running, climbing, standing more than 15 minutes, 

jumping, and sitting for greater than 15 minutes. Dr. Thomas also noted that she was impaired 

and unable to work due to clouding of her sensorium to less than the alertness required of a 

forestry technician. He noted that appellant had to leave work on February 9, 2011 because she 

was physically unable to bear the pain of working due to back pain, and that he concurred with 

the necessity of her absences from February 9, 2011 until the present time. 

By decision dated September 24, 2014, OWCP denied modification of its December 17, 

2013 decision. 

LEGAL PRECEDENT 

An employee seeking benefits under FECA4

 has the burden of establishing the essential 

elements of his or her claim, including that any disability or specific condition for which 

compensation is claimed is casually related to the employment injury.5

 With respect to a claimed 

period of disability, an employee has the burden of establishing that any disability or specific 

condition for which compensation is claimed is causally related to the employment injury.6

 The 

term disability is defined as the incapacity because of an employment injury to earn the wages 

the employee was receiving at the time of the injury, i.e., a physical impairment resulting in loss 

of wage-earning capacity.7

Whether a particular injury causes an employee to be disabled for employment and the 

duration of that disability are medical issues which must be proved by a preponderance of the 

reliable, probative, and substantial medical evidence.8 The medical evidence required to 

establish a period of employment-related disability is rationalized medical evidence.9

 

Rationalized medical evidence is medical evidence based on a complete factual and medical 

background of the claimant, of reasonable medical certainty, with an opinion supported by 

medical rationale.10 The Board, however will not require OWCP to pay compensation for 

disability in the absence of medical evidence directly addressing the specific dates of disability 

for which compensation is claimed.11 To do so, would essentially allow an employee to selfcertify their disability and entitlement to compensation.12

 4 Supra note 1. 

5 V.N., Docket No. 13-1909 (issued July 29, 2014). 

6 Kathryn Haggerty, 45 ECAB 383 (1994); Elaine Pendleton, 40 ECAB 1143 (1989).

7

 20 C.F.R. § 10.5(f); see e.g., Cheryl L. Decavitch, 50 ECAB 397 (1999) (where appellant had an injury but no 

loss of wage-earning capacity). 

8 See Fereidoon Kharabi, 52 ECAB 291 (2001); see also T.A., Docket No. 14-1334 (issued October 27, 2014). 

9 Jacqueline M. Nixon-Steward, 52 ECAB 140 (2000). 

10 Leslie C. Moore, 52 ECAB 132 (2000). 

11 Sandra D. Pruitt, 57 ECAB 126 (2005). 

12 See William A. Archer, 55 ECAB 674 (2004); Fereidoon Kharabi, supra note 8. 
6

ANALYSIS 

OWCP accepted appellant’s claim for sprain of the lumbar region of the back and L5-S1 

herniation. However, it denied appellant’s claim for compensation for the period February 9, 

2011 through April 25, 2012. The Board finds that appellant has failed to establish that she was 

totally disabled for this closed-ended time period. 

The Board will not require OWCP to pay compensation for disability in the absence of 

medical evidence directly addressing the specific dates of disability for which compensation is 

claimed.13 The Board notes that appellant was working modified duty at the time she left her 

employment on February 9, 2011. There is a significant gap in the medical evidence around that 

time. On November 16, 2010 appellant saw Dr. Shapiro, who diagnosed appellant with an 

employment-related L5-S1 herniated nucleous pulposus, and reported that appellant may 

continue working modified duty. The next medical evidence in the record was the result of the 

June 30, 2011 MRI scan. However, this was only a diagnostic test. There is no evidence that 

appellant received any treatment at that time, nor is there any opinion set forth with regard to 

whether appellant could work modified duty. 

Appellant did not obtain any medical treatment until December 29, 2011 at which point 

she commenced treatment with Dr. Thomas. Despite appellant’s allegations that she was in so 

much pain on February 9, 2011 that she could not work, she has not submitted any evidence that 

she sought medical treatment for this pain. There is no evidence that she was on any pain 

medication, or receiving any treatment that could help alleviate this pain until 

December 29, 2011. Appellant did not begin physical therapy until December 30, 2011. 

Although Dr. Thomas mentioned multiple times that appellant left work on February 9, 2011 due 

to pain, he was only repeating appellant’s history as recounted. He did not provide an 

independent statement corroborating that she could not work for that period of time that 

explained the medical reasons for her absences. The first comprehensive medical opinion that 

Dr. Thomas presented with regard to appellant being unable to work during the aforementioned 

time period was his medical report of May 29, 2014. In this report, Dr. Thomas noted that as of 

February 9, 2011, appellant was unable to do the specific duties of her work as a forestry 

technician. However, he did not account for the fact that appellant was working modified duties 

on February 9, 2011. The Board further notes that Dr. Thomas first examined appellant on 

December 29, 2011. Dr. Thomas did not provide any evidence of bridging symptoms between 

the date she left work and his initial appointment. As previously determined, there is no 

evidence that appellant sought medical treatment from November 16, 2010 through 

December 29, 2011. The report of Dr. Ha’Eri is not helpful to appellant’s cause, as Dr. Ha’Eri 

specifically opined that appellant should not have been off work since February 9, 2011, but 

could have worked with limitations. 

Dr. Caton did not see appellant until September 27, 2012, over 18 months after she left 

her federal employment. He did commence treatment of appellant, and benefits were 

commenced on December 19, 2012, when appellant had her first surgery. There is simply no 

rationalized medical report of record explaining why appellant was totally disabled for the earlier 

period from February 9, 2011 through April 25, 2012. 

 13 Dennis M. Mascarenas, 49 ECAB 215 (1997). 
7

 The Board finds that the medical evidence of record is insufficient to establish that 

appellant was totally disabled from work from February 9, 2011 through April 25, 2012 due to 

her accepted employment condition.14 Therefore, OWCP’s decisions denying appellant’s claim 

for wage-loss compensation for these dates were proper.15

Appellant may submit new evidence or argument with a written request for 

reconsideration to OWCP within one year of this merit decision, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. § 8128(a) 

and 20 C.F.R. §§ 10.605 through 10.607. 

CONCLUSION 

The Board finds that appellant has not met her burden of proof to establish that she was 

totally disabled for the period February 9, 2011 through April 25, 2012 causally related to her 

accepted back injury. 

ORDER 

IT IS HEREBY ORDERED THAT the decision of the Office of Workers’ 

Compensation Programs dated September 24, 2014 is affirmed. 

Issued: March 22, 2016 

Washington, DC 

 

 Christopher J. Godfrey, Chief Judge 

 Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board 

 

 Patricia H. Fitzgerald, Deputy Chief Judge 

 Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board 

 

 Alec J. Koromilas, Alternate Judge 

 Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board 

 14 See W.C., Docket No. 15-424 (issued April 29, 2015). 

15 See T.M., Docket No. 15-266 (issued April 24, 2015).