United States Department of Labor 

Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board 

__________________________________________ 

L.T., Appellant 

and 

U.S. POSTAL SERVICE, POST OFFICE, 

Charlotte, NC, Employer 

__________________________________________ 

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Docket No. 15-254 

Issued: April 1, 2015 

Appearances: Case Submitted on the Record

Alan J. Shapiro, Esq., for the appellant 

Office of Solicitor, for the Director 

DECISION AND ORDER 

Before: 

COLLEEN DUFFY KIKO, Judge 

ALEC J. KOROMILAS, Alternate Judge 

JAMES A. HAYNES, Alternate Judge 

JURISDICTION 

On November 13, 2014 appellant, through counsel, filed a timely appeal from a 

September 22, 2014 merit decision of the Office of Workers’ Compensation Programs (OWCP). 

Pursuant to the Federal Employees’ Compensation Act1

 (FECA) and 20 C.F.R. §§ 501.2(c) and 

501.3, the Board has jurisdiction over the merits of this case.2

 

ISSUE 

The issue is whether appellant met his burden of proof to establish a lumbar condition 

causally related to factors of his federal employment. 

On appeal, counsel contends that OWCP’s decision was contrary to fact and law. 

 1

 5 U.S.C. § 8101 et seq. 

2

 The Board notes that, following the issuance of the September 22, 2014 OWCP decision, appellant submitted 

new evidence. The Board is precluded from reviewing evidence which was not before OWCP at the time it issued 

its final decision. See 20 C.F.R. § 501.2(c)(1). 
2

FACTUAL HISTORY 

On August 21, 2013 appellant, then a 68-year-old city carrier, filed an occupational 

disease claim (Form CA-2) alleging that he sustained a back injury due to factors of his federal 

employment, including walking, climbing, lifting packages, and driving a vehicle. He indicated 

that he became aware of the condition on July 15, 2013 and related it to factors of his federal 

employment on August 9, 2013. 

In a narrative statement dated September 10, 2013, appellant indicated that his back 

condition started in 2006 and his family doctor recommended a magnetic resonance imaging 

(MRI) scan on December 7, 2006. He had been taking pain medication for his lower back pain, 

which also affected his entire left leg. Appellant explained that while he was working on 

July 15, 2013 the pain was so strong that he could not move, so he took medication and finished 

delivering the mail. The next two weeks he was scheduled for annual leave and he returned to 

work on August 5, 2013. 

In an August 14, 2013 report, Dr. Daniel Koch, a Board-certified family practitioner, 

indicated that appellant had been under his care since that day and would be able to return to 

work on August 15, 2013 with restrictions of no lifting, walking, or standing for 10 days. 

Appellant submitted a light-duty request with a medical certification from Dr. Koch. The 

employing establishment denied the request on August 19, 2013 as there was no work within his 

restrictions. 

An August 19, 2013 MRI scan revealed diffuse disc desiccation in the lumbar spine with 

mild diffuse disc space narrowing, most prominent level of L4-5, and multiple cysts off the right 

kidney. It was noted that the MRI scan was compared to a scan dated December 7, 2006. 

On August 21, 2013 Dr. Koch reviewed the August 19, 2013 MRI scan and diagnosed 

herniated lumbar disc. He reported that this was causing appellant significant pain and weakness 

in the leg. 

In a September 25, 2013 letter, OWCP notified appellant of the deficiencies of his claim 

and afforded him 30 days to submit additional evidence and respond to its inquiries. 

Appellant submitted hospital records dated August 16, 2013 from Carolinas HealthCare 

System in Lincolnton, North Carolina. Dr. Timothy Hall, a Board-certified emergency medicine 

specialist, diagnosed sciatica and hypertension. 

In reports dated August 9 and 14, 2013, Dr. Koch diagnosed sciatica and lumbago, noting 

a history of degenerative joint disease of the lumbar spine since 2006. 

On August 27, 2013 Dr. Mark Kiefer, a Board-certified family practitioner, diagnosed 

sciatica and reported that a recent MRI scan showed herniated nucleus pulposus with 

encroachment of the L4 nerve root on the left. He stated that appellant worked “as a postman 

and ha[d] been unable to work.” 
3

By decision dated December 9, 2013, OWCP denied appellant’s claim as the medical 

evidence failed to establish a causal relationship between his lumbar condition and factors of his 

federal employment. 

On July 30, 2014 appellant, through counsel, requested reconsideration and submitted a 

light-duty request form dated June 23, 2014. He also submitted a June 2, 2014 report from 

Dr. Anthony Asher, a Board-certified neurosurgeon, who indicated that appellant’s “past medical 

history with his lumbar issues and surgery is a direct correlation of his work as a city carrier.” 

Dr. Asher opined that appellant was unable to perform his duties as a city carrier and advised that 

he was able to work with restrictions of no bending, lifting, extended walking, or driving. 

In an August 11, 2014 letter, appellant requested either a full-time job or disability 

retirement and submitted a “Medical Restrictions Assessment Form” from Dr. Asher who 

diagnosed lumbar degenerative disc disease and restricted appellant from lifting more than 25 

pounds. 

On August 11, 2014 Dr. Asher reported that appellant presented “with a several-month 

history of leg pain in roughly an L5 distribution” in November 2013. Appellant was 

experiencing worsening symptoms despite conservative therapies and his imaging studies 

showed evidence of multilevel lumbar spondylytic changes that appeared to be most marked at 

L4-5 where there was evidence of lateral recess stenosis causing compression of the exiting L5 

nerve root. Dr. Asher stated that appellant’s “symptoms were greatly exacerbated by his 

employment as a mail carrier” and appellant “specifically mentioned how walking for prolonged 

distances and carrying heavy objects exacerbated his pain.” He reported that appellant 

underwent a lumbar decompression and was subsequently placed in physical therapy. Dr. Asher 

noted that appellant “was doing well until late January [2014] when, during a course of physical 

therapy, he experienced recurrence of his symptoms, and imaging studies showed evidence of a 

large recurrent disc herniation at L4-5.” 

Appellant underwent a repeat lumbar laminectomy and discectomy and his symptoms 

improved. Dr. Asher stated that appellant was left with residual discomfort, which was not 

unexpected given his age, the degree of spondylytic changes that he had in his lumbar spine, and 

the fact that he had required two surgeries. He found that appellant had “lumbar pain for many 

years and he believe[d] his occupation as a postal worker has aggravated the situation.” 

Dr. Asher stated that “given the job responsibilities associated with being a mail carrier, it is easy 

to understand that [appellant’s] occupation may have exacerbated his underlying lumbar 

condition.” He concluded that it would be very difficult for appellant to return to work as a mail 

carrier. 

By decision dated September 22, 2014, OWCP denied modification of its prior decision. 

LEGAL PRECEDENT 

An employee seeking benefits under FECA3

 has the burden of establishing the essential 

elements of his or her claim, including the fact that the individual is an “employee of the United 

States” within the meaning of FECA, that the claim was timely filed within the applicable time 

 3

 5 U.S.C. § 8101 et seq. 
4

limitation period of FECA, and that an injury4

 was sustained in the performance of duty. These 

are the essential elements of each compensation claim, regardless of whether the claim is 

predicated upon a traumatic injury or an occupational disease.5 

To establish that an injury was sustained in the performance of duty in a claim for an 

occupational disease claim, an employee must submit the following: (1) a factual statement 

identifying employment factors alleged to have caused or contributed to the presence or 

occurrence of the disease or condition; (2) medical evidence establishing the presence or 

existence of the disease or condition for which compensation is claimed; and (3) medical 

evidence establishing that the diagnosed condition is causally related to the employment factors 

identified by the employee.6

 

Causal relationship is a medical issue and the medical evidence generally required to 

establish causal relationship is rationalized medical evidence. The opinion of the physician must 

be based on a complete factual and medical background of the employee, must be one of 

reasonable medical certainty, and must be supported by medical rationale explaining the nature 

of the relationship between the diagnosed condition and the specific employment factors 

identified by the employee.7

 

ANALYSIS 

The Board finds that appellant did not meet his burden of proof to establish a lumbar 

condition due to factors of his employment. Appellant submitted a statement in which he 

identified the factors of employment that he believed caused the condition, including walking, 

climbing, lifting packages, and driving a vehicle, which OWCP accepted as factual. However, in 

order to establish a claim that he sustained an employment-related injury, he must also submit 

rationalized medical evidence which explains how his medical condition was caused or 

aggravated by the implicated employment factors.8

 

In his reports, Dr. Asher diagnosed lumbar degenerative disc disease. On June 2, 2014 he 

noted that appellant’s “past medical history with his lumbar issues and surgery is a direct 

correlation of his work as a city carrier.” On August 11, 2014 Dr. Asher reported that appellant 

presented “with a several-month history of leg pain in roughly an L5 distribution” in 

November 2013 and underwent a lumbar decompression. He indicated that appellant’s 

“symptoms were greatly exacerbated by his employment as a mail carrier” and that appellant had 

“specifically mentioned how walking for prolonged distances and carrying heavy objects 

exacerbated his pain.” Dr. Asher indicated that appellant “was doing well until late January 

 4

 OWCP regulations define an occupational disease or illness as a condition produced by the work environment 

over a period longer than a single workday or shift. 20 C.F.R. § 10.5(q). 

5 See O.W., Docket No. 09-2110 (issued April 22, 2010); Ellen L. Noble, 55 ECAB 530 (2004). 

6 See D.R., Docket No. 09-1723 (issued May 20, 2010). See also Roy L. Humphrey, 57 ECAB 238, 241 (2005); 

Ruby I. Fish, 46 ECAB 276, 279 (1994); Victor J. Woodhams, 41 ECAB 345 (1989). 

7 See O.W., supra note 5. 

8 See A.C., Docket No. 08-1453 (issued November 18, 2008); Donald W. Wenzel, 56 ECAB 390 (2005); Leslie C. 

Moore, 52 ECAB 132 (2000). 
5

[2014] when, during a course of physical therapy, he experienced recurrence of his symptoms, 

and imaging studies showed evidence of a large recurrent disc herniation at L4-5.” Appellant 

underwent a repeat lumbar laminectomy and discectomy and his symptoms improved. Dr. Asher 

stated that appellant was left with residual discomfort, which was not unexpected given his age, 

the degree of spondylytic changes that he had in his lumbar spine, and the fact that he had 

required two surgeries. He found that “given the job responsibilities associated with being a mail 

carrier, it is easy to understand that [appellant’s] occupation may have exacerbated his 

underlying lumbar condition.” Although these reports support appellant’s claim, Dr. Asher 

failed to provide a rationalized opinion explaining how the factors of appellant’s federal 

employment, such as walking, climbing, lifting packages, and driving a vehicle, caused or 

aggravated his lumbar condition. He noted that appellant’s condition occurred while he was at 

work, but such generalized statements merely repeat appellant’s allegations and are unsupported 

by adequate medical rationale explaining how his physical activity at work actually caused or 

aggravated the diagnosed condition.9

 Lacking thorough medical rationale on the issue of causal 

relationship, the Board finds that Dr. Asher’s reports are insufficient to establish that appellant 

sustained an employment-related injury. 

On August 27, 2013 Dr. Kiefer diagnosed sciatica and indicated that appellant worked 

“as a postman and ha[d] been unable to work.” The Board has held that the mere fact that 

appellant’s symptoms arise during a period of employment or produce symptoms revelatory of 

an underlying condition does not establish a causal relationship between appellant’s condition 

and his employment factors.10 Dr. Kiefer failed to provide a rationalized opinion explaining how 

factors of appellant’s federal employment, such as walking, climbing, lifting packages, and 

driving a vehicle, caused or aggravated his lumbar condition. Thus, the Board finds that 

Dr. Kiefer’s report is insufficiently rationalized to establish that appellant’s condition was caused 

or aggravated by factors of his federal employment. 

In his reports, Dr. Koch diagnosed herniated lumbar disc, sciatica, and lumbago and 

reported a history of degenerative joint disease of the lumbar spine since 2006. In an August 16, 

2013 report, Dr. Hall diagnosed sciatica and hypertension. The Board has held that medical 

evidence failing to offer any opinion regarding the cause of an employee’s condition is of limited 

probative value on the issue of causal relationship.11 

In support of his claim, appellant also submitted an August 19, 2013 MRI scan. This 

document does not constitute competent medical evidence as it does not contain rationale by a 

physician relating appellant’s disability to his employment.12

 9 See K.W., Docket No. 10-98 (issued September 10, 2010). 

10 See Richard B. Cissel, 32 ECAB 1910, 1917 (1981); William Nimitz, Jr., 30 ECAB 567, 570 (1979). 

11 See C.B., Docket No. 09-2027 (issued May 12, 2010); S.E., Docket No. 08-2214 (issued May 6, 2009). 

12 See 5 U.S.C. § 8101(2). Section 8101(2) of FECA provides as follows: “(2) ‘physician’ includes surgeons, 

podiatrists, dentists, clinical psychologists, optometrists, chiropractors, and osteopathic practitioners within the 

scope of their practice as defined by State law.” See also Paul Foster, 56 ECAB 208, 212 n.12 (2004); Joseph N. 

Fassi, 42 ECAB 677 (1991); Barbara J. Williams, 40 ECAB 649 (1989). 
6

As appellant has not submitted any rationalized medical evidence to support his 

allegation that he sustained an injury causally related to the accepted employment factors, he 

failed to meet his burden of proof to establish a claim. 

On appeal, counsel contends that OWCP’s decision was contrary to fact and law. Based 

on the findings and reasons stated above, the Board finds his arguments are not substantiated. 

Appellant may submit new evidence or argument with a written request for 

reconsideration to OWCP within one year of this merit decision, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. § 8128(a) 

and 20 C.F.R. §§ 10.605 through 10.607. 

CONCLUSION 

The Board finds that appellant has not met his burden of proof to establish a lumbar 

condition in the performance of duty causally related to factors of his federal employment. 

ORDER 

IT IS HEREBY ORDERED THAT the September 22, 2014 decision of the Office of 

Workers’ Compensation Programs is affirmed. 

Issued: April 1, 2015 

Washington, DC 

 

 Colleen Duffy Kiko, Judge 

 Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board 

 

 Alec J. Koromilas, Alternate Judge 

 Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board 

 

 James A. Haynes, Alternate Judge 

 Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board