United States Department of Labor

Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board

__________________________________________

A.R., Appellant

and

U.S. POSTAL SERVICE, POST OFFICE, 

Bellmawr, NJ, Employer

__________________________________________

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Docket No. 17-1358

Issued: February 1, 2018

Appearances: Case Submitted on the Record

Michael D. Overman, Esq., for the appellant1

Office of Solicitor, for the Director

DECISION AND ORDER

Before:

PATRICIA H. FITZGERALD, Deputy Chief Judge

ALEC J. KOROMILAS, Alternate Judge

VALERIE D. EVANS-HARRELL, Alternate Judge

JURISDICTION

On June 9, 2017 appellant, through counsel, filed a timely appeal from an April 4, 2017

merit decision of the Office of Workers’ Compensation Programs (OWCP). Pursuant to the 

Federal Employees’ Compensation Act2(FECA) and 20 C.F.R. §§ 501.2(c) and 501.3, the Board 

has jurisdiction over the merits of this case.

ISSUE

The issue is whether appellant met his burden of proof to establish a bilateral knee 

condition causally related to factors of his federal employment.

 

1

In all cases in which a representative has been authorized in a matter before the Board, no claim for a fee for 

legal or other service performed on appeal before the Board is valid unless approved by the Board. 20 C.F.R. 

§ 501.9(e). No contract for a stipulated fee or on a contingent fee basis will be approved by the Board. Id. An 

attorney or representative’s collection of a fee without the Board’s approval may constitute a misdemeanor, subject 

to fine or imprisonment for up to one year or both. Id.; see also 18 U.S.C. § 292. Demands for payment of fees to a 

representative, prior to approval by the Board, may be reported to appropriate authorities for investigation.

2 5 U.S.C. § 8101 et seq. 
2

FACTUAL HISTORY

This case has previously been before the Board.3 The facts and circumstances set forth in 

the prior Board decisions are incorporated herein by reference. The relevant facts are as follows. 

On March 22, 2010 appellant, then a 53-year-old letter carrier, filed an occupational 

disease claim (Form CA-2) alleging that he sustained bilateral knee pain and swelling and a 

medial meniscal tear due to climbing up and down steps in the performance of duty for many 

years. He submitted medical evidence. By decision dated June 2, 2010, OWCP denied 

appellant’s claim, finding the medical evidence insufficient to establish causal relationship. It

developed this matter under OWCP File No. xxxxxx382.

On September 15, 2010 OWCP obtained a second opinion evaluation from Dr. Lawrence 

Barr, an osteopath and Board-certified internist, who found no pathophysiological causal 

relationship between appellant’s work duties and bilateral knee osteoarthritis. 

By decision dated October 29, 2010, OWCP denied appellant’s claim, finding that the 

weight of Dr. Barr’s report negated causal relationship. Appellant appealed to the Board on 

January 26, 2011. 

OWCP also accepted that on October 11, 2011, appellant sustained a left knee contusion 

in a work-related motor vehicle accident claim under OWCP File No. xxxxxx345.4 

By decision and order issued November 18, 2011,5the Board set aside OWCP’s 

October 29, 2010 decision. The Board found that Dr. Barr’s opinion could not represent the 

weight of the medical evidence as it was based on an inaccurate factual history inconsistent with 

the statement of accepted facts (SOAF). The Board remanded the case to OWCP to obtain a 

referral opinion regarding whether appellant’s years of walking up and down steps in his job 

caused or aggravated his claimed condition. 

On remand, OWCP obtained a second opinion from Dr. Stanley Askin, a Board-certified 

orthopedic surgeon, who provided a January 26, 2012 report attributing appellant’s bilateral knee 

osteoarthritis solely to aging. Dr. Askin submitted a February 10, 2012 addendum report finding 

no causal relationship between appellant’s employment and the development of the claimed 

condition. 

By decision dated April 2, 2012, OWCP denied appellant’s occupational disease claim, 

finding that causal relationship had not been established, based on Dr. Askin’s opinion as the 

 

3 Docket No. 15-0156 (issued March 24, 2015); Docket No. 11-0692 (issued November 18, 2011).

4 OWCP administratively combined File Nos. xxxxxx382 and xxxxxx345, with the latter serving as the master 

file. Appellant also has claims under File No. xxxxxx922, accepted for a February 21, 2003 left knee injury, and 

File No. xxxxxx852, accepted for an April 30, 2011 right knee sprain. File Nos. xxxxxx922 and xxxxxx852 are not 

before the Board on the present appeal.

5 Docket No. 11-0692 (issued November 18, 2011).
3

weight of the medical evidence. Counsel disagreed with this decision and requested a hearing

with OWCP’s Branch of Hearings and Review. 

By decision dated June 13, 2012, a representative of OWCP’s Branch of Hearings and 

Review conducted a preliminary review and set aside OWCP’s April 2, 2012 decision, finding

that Dr. Askin’s opinion could not represent the weight of the medical evidence as it required 

clarification. The hearing representative directed that OWCP request an addendum report from

Dr. Askin.

On June 28, 2012 OWCP provided an updated SOAF to Dr. Askin. At OWCP’s request,

Dr. Askin submitted July 5, November 28, and December 11, 2012 addendum reports. He 

opined that appellant’s knee injuries and employment factors did not cause, aggravate, or 

accelerate the claimed bilateral knee osteoarthritis.

By decision dated May 21, 2013, OWCP denied appellant’s occupational disease claim, 

finding that causal relationship was not established and that Dr. Askin’s opinion continued to 

represent the weight of the medical evidence.

In a May 28, 2013 letter, counsel requested a hearing, held September 24, 2013. He

asserted that Dr. Askin’s opinion should be given no medical weight as he was unable to clarify 

his opinion on causal relationship in any of his five reports. Counsel provided a September 21, 

2013 report from Dr. Colin A. Campbell, an attending osteopath Board-certified in internal 

medicine. Dr. Campbell opined that the February 21, 2003 employment-related left meniscal 

tear, OWCP File No. xxxxxx922, began the degradation of appellant’s left knee, further 

exacerbated by carrying heavy packages on a deranged left knee, leading to arthritis. The 

October 11, 2011 employment injury further progressed the degeneration of appellant’s knee.

By decision dated December 11, 2013, OWCP’s hearing representative set aside the 

May 21, 2013 decision. She directed OWCP to prepare a new SOAF and refer appellant to a 

new second opinion specialist, as Dr. Askin “already provided numerous addendums which had 

defects.”

In a December 20, 2013 letter, OWCP referred appellant and an updated SOAF to

Dr. Askin, who provided a January 3, 2014 report repeating that appellant’s bilateral knee 

osteoarthritis was an age-related condition unrelated to his federal employment.

On February 18, 2014 OWCP obtained a second opinion report from Dr. Robert Smith, a 

Board-certified orthopedic surgeon, who opined that the February 21, 2003 employment-related 

knee injury was not competent to produce osteoarthritis. At OWCP’s request, Dr. Smith 

provided a March 9, 2014 addendum, opining that appellant’s bilateral knee osteoarthritis was a 

“developmental condition” unrelated to her work duties or the accepted injuries. 

By decision dated March 12, 2014, OWCP denied appellant’s occupational disease claim, 

finding that, based on Dr. Smith’s opinion, causal relationship was not established. 

In a March 18, 2014 letter, counsel requested a hearing, held June 9, 2014. At the 

hearing, he contended that OWCP should have accorded the weight of the medical evidence to
4

Dr. Campbell, or found a conflict between Dr. Campbell and Dr. Smith requiring resolution by 

an impartial medical examiner. 

By decision dated July 28, 2014, the hearing representative affirmed the March 12, 2014 

decision, finding that Dr. Smith provided adequate rationale explaining that appellant’s bilateral 

knee osteoarthritis was age related, with no contribution from his employment. Appellant, 

through counsel, then appealed to the Board on October 31, 2014.

By decision and order issued March 24, 2015,6the Board set aside OWCP’s July 28, 

2014 decision, finding a conflict of medical opinion between Dr. Campbell, for appellant, and

Dr. Smith, for the government, regarding the etiology of appellant’s bilateral knee osteoarthritis. 

The Board remanded the case to OWCP to obtain an impartial medical opinion from an 

appropriate specialist, based on an updated SOAF, addressing whether appellant’s years of 

walking up and down steps in his job caused or aggravated his claimed condition.

On remand, OWCP prepared an updated SOAF based on a position description of 

appellant’s date-of-injury letter carrier position. It noted that he was “required to perform 

arduous exertion involving prolonged standing and walking” while carrying a mail satchel 

weighing up to 35 pounds. To resolve the conflict of medical opinion between Dr. Campbell and

Dr. Smith, OWCP selected Dr. Howard Zeidman, a Board-certified orthopedic surgeon, as an 

impartial medical examiner. It provided a November 13, 2015 impartial medical examiner 

referral form and screen captures documenting OWCP’s use of the Physician Directory System

(PDS). In a series of questions, OWCP specifically requested that Dr. Zeidman address any 

causal relationship between the 2003 and 2011 accepted employment injuries, appellant’s work 

duties, and the claimed bilateral knee osteoarthritis.

Dr. Zeidman submitted a November 19, 2015 report reviewing the medical record and 

SOAF. He noted that the record mentioned osteoarthritis of both knees, and MRI scan evidence 

of a meniscal injury. Dr. Zeidman found appellant able to perform full duty. 

In March 15 and May 20, 2016 letters, OWCP sought a supplemental report from

Dr. Zeidman addressing causal relationship. It requested that he list all diagnoses of either knee 

and provide medical rationale explaining how the duties described in the SOAF would cause or 

contribute to these conditions. OWCP also asked that Dr. Zeidman discuss any relationship 

between the accepted March 12, 2003 and October 11, 2011 injuries and appellant’s ongoing 

condition. It also provided a work capacity evaluation (Form OWCP-5c) for completion. 

Dr. Zeidman responded by May 17, 2016 letter. He diagnosed “degenerative arthritis, 

mild with minimal changes” of both knees, with radiologic evidence of a torn meniscus, but no

clinical indication of derangement. Regarding causal relationship, Dr. Zeidman opined that there 

did “not appear to be any problem other than that which would reasonably be expected and 

consistent with [appellant’s] age.” He found appellant able to perform full duty without 

restrictions.

 

6 Docket No. 15-0156 (issued March 24, 2015).
5

In a July 13, 2016 letter, OWCP requested that Dr. Zeidman comply with the two prior 

requests to provide a well-reasoned report explaining whether appellant’s work duties or the 

February 21, 2003 and October 11, 2011 employment injuries caused or contributed to a

diagnosed condition. It also asked that Dr. Zeidman explain why he concluded that appellant’s 

bilateral knee condition was caused by the aging process and not work factors. OWCP requested 

that he provide his supplemental report within 14 days. Dr. Zeidman did not respond.

By decision dated December 7, 2016, OWCP denied appellant’s occupational disease 

claim for bilateral knee osteoarthritis, finding that the medical evidence failed to establish causal 

relationship. It explained that, although Dr. Zeidman did not submit a second addendum report 

as requested by July 13, 2016 letter, his two prior opinions were “sufficient enough to hold the 

weight of the medical evidence” because of his status as an impartial medical examiner and his 

review of the record. 

In a December 13, 2016 letter, counsel requested a hearing. At the hearing, held 

March 1, 2017, he contended that Dr. Zeidman was not properly selected using the PDS system 

as there was no Form ME-023 of record. Counsel also asserted that Dr. Zeidman’s opinion could 

not represent the special weight of the medical evidence as he did not provide medical rationale 

discussing causal relationship despite OWCP’s initial referral and the three requests for 

clarification. He emphasized that OWCP issued its December 7, 2016 decision, according

Dr. Zeidman the weight of the medical evidence, although he refused to respond to the July 13, 

2016 request for a supplemental report.

By decision dated April 4, 2017, an OWCP hearing representative affirmed OWCP’s 

December 7, 2016 decision, finding that Dr. Zeidman’s opinion was sufficiently rationalized to 

represent the special weight of the medical evidence. 

LEGAL PRECEDENT

An employee seeking benefits under FECA7 has the burden of proof to establish the 

essential elements of his or her claim, including the fact that the individual is an “employee of 

the United States” within the meaning of FECA; that the claim was filed within the applicable 

time limitation; that an injury was sustained while in the performance of duty as alleged; and that 

any disability and/or specific condition for which compensation is claimed are causally related to 

the employment injury.8 These are the essential elements of each and every compensation claim 

regardless of whether the claim is predicated on a traumatic injury or an occupational disease.9

An occupational disease is defined as a condition produced by the work environment 

over a period longer than a single workday or shift.10 To establish that an injury was sustained in 

the performance of duty in an occupational disease claim, a claimant must submit the following: 

 

7 Supra note 2.

8

Joe D. Cameron, 41 ECAB 153 (1989).

9 See Irene St. John, 50 ECAB 521 (1999); Michael E. Smith, 50 ECAB 313 (1999).

10 20 C.F.R. § 10.5(q).
6

(1) medical evidence establishing the presence or existence of the disease or condition for which 

compensation is claimed; (2) factual statement identifying employment factors alleged to have 

caused or contributed to the presence or occurrence of the disease or condition; and (3) medical 

evidence establishing that the employment factors identified by the claimant were the proximate 

cause of the condition for which compensation is claimed or, stated differently, medical evidence 

establishing that the diagnosed condition is causally related to the employment factors identified 

by the claimant. 

The medical evidence required to establish causal relationship is generally rationalized 

medical opinion evidence. Rationalized medical opinion evidence is medical evidence which 

includes a physician’s rationalized opinion on the issue of whether there is causal relationship 

between the claimant’s diagnosed condition and the implicated employment factors. The 

opinion of the physician must be based on a complete factual and medical background of the 

claimant, must be one of reasonable medical certainty and must be supported by medical 

rationale explaining the nature of the relationship between the diagnosed condition and the 

specific employment factors identified by the claimant.11

Section 8123(a) of FECA provides that, if there is a disagreement between the physician 

making the examination for the United States and the employee’s physician, OWCP shall 

appoint a third physician who shall make an examination. This is called a referee examination 

and OWCP will select a physician who is qualified in the appropriate specialty and who has no 

prior connection with the case.12

Where there exist opposing medical reports of virtually equal weight and rationale and 

the case is referred to an impartial medical specialist for the purpose of resolving the conflict, the 

opinion of such specialist, if sufficiently well rationalized and based upon a proper factual 

background, must be given special weight.13 In situations where OWCP secures an opinion from 

an impartial medical specialist for the purpose of resolving a conflict in medical evidence and the 

opinion from such specialist requires clarification or elaboration, OWCP has the responsibility to 

secure a supplemental report from the specialist for the purpose of correcting the defect in the 

original opinion. If the specialist is unwilling or unable to clarify and elaborate on his or her 

opinion, the case should be referred to another appropriate impartial medical specialist.14 Unless 

this procedure is carried out by OWCP the intent of section 8123(a) of FECA will be 

circumvented when the impartial specialist’s medical report is insufficient to resolve the conflict 

of medical evidence.15

 

11 Solomon Polen, 51 ECAB 341 (2000).

12 5 U.S.C. § 8123(a); see also Charles S. Hamilton, 52 ECAB 110 (2000).

13 Barry Neutuch, 54 ECAB 313 (2003); David W. Pickett, 54 ECAB 272 (2002).

14 See Philip H. Conte, 56 ECAB 213 (2004); Guiseppe Aversa, 55 ECAB 164 (2003).

15 Harold Travis, 30 ECAB 1071 (1979).
7

ANALYSIS

The Board previously remanded the claim to OWCP for selection of an impartial medical 

examiner to resolve a conflict of medical opinion between Dr. Campbell, an attending Boardcertified internist, and Dr. Smith, a Board-certified orthopedic surgeon, regarding the causal 

relationship between accepted employment injuries, work factors, and claimed bilateral knee 

osteoarthritis. OWCP selected Dr. Zeidman, a Board-certified orthopedic surgeon, as an 

impartial medical specialist. It specifically instructed him to provide medical rationale 

explaining whether appellant’s duties as a letter carrier, or the accepted 2003 and 2011 knee 

injuries, caused or contributed to the claimed knee conditions.

Dr. Zeidman provided a November 19, 2015 report noting that various reports and studies

of record indicated a left medial meniscal tear and bilateral knee osteoarthritis. OWCP 

determined that Dr. Zeidman’s report did not contain the requested medical rationale addressing 

causal relationship. In March 15 and May 20, 2016 letters, it requested that he submit an 

addendum report on this issue. In response, Dr. Zeidman submitted a May 17, 2016 letter

asserting that appellant’s bilateral knee osteoarthritis was age related, but did not explain the 

medical reasoning supporting this conclusion. 

OWCP determined that Dr. Zeidman’s supplemental report was inadequate to resolve the 

medical conflict. To address these deficiencies, it solicited a second addendum report from

Dr. Zeidman on July 13, 2016. OWCP specifically requested that he explain the 

pathophysiologic mechanisms supporting his conclusion that appellant’s bilateral knee 

osteoarthritis was attributable only to the aging process, without any contribution from his 

federal duties. It also directed that Dr. Zeidman address whether the three prior accepted knee 

injuries had any effect on his ongoing condition. Dr. Zeidman did not respond. Nevertheless, 

OWCP issued its December 7, 2016 decisions finding his opinion “sufficient enough” to resolve 

the conflict, and its April 4, 2017 decision affirming this determination. The Board finds, 

however, that Dr. Zeidman’s opinion is insufficiently rationalized to represent the special weight 

of the medical evidence.

As explained, where OWCP secures an opinion from an impartial medical specialist for 

the purpose of resolving a conflict in medical evidence and the opinion from such specialist 

requires clarification or elaboration, it has the responsibility to secure a supplemental report from 

the specialist for the purpose of correcting the defect in the original opinion. If the specialist is 

unwilling or unable to clarify and elaborate on his or her opinion, the case should be referred to 

another appropriate impartial medical specialist.16 Unless this procedure is carried out by OWCP 

the intent of section 8123(a) of FECA will be circumvented when the impartial specialist’s 

medical report is insufficient to resolve the conflict of medical evidence.17

OWCP selected Dr. Zeidman as the impartial medical examiner to resolve a conflict of 

medical opinion on the issue of causal relationship. To be entitled to special weight, his opinion 

 

16 Supra note 11.

17 Supra note 12.
8

must contain clear, persuasive rationale on the critical issue in the claim.18 However,

Dr. Zeidman’s reports do not contain such rationale. OWCP thrice attempted to obtain an 

addendum report discussing causal relationship, but ultimately failed to do so. It was then 

obligated to submit the case record and a SOAF to a new impartial specialist.

19

 Instead, OWCP

relied on Dr. Zeidman’s inadequate opinion. Therefore, the case must be remanded for further 

development. 

Upon remand, OWCP shall combine all cases involving appellant’s knee conditions, in 

particular OWCP File Nos. xxxxxx922 and xxxxxx852, with the present claim so that the 

impartial specialist will have a complete understanding of the claims involving his knees.20 

Thereafter, it shall refer appellant, an updated SOAF, and the medical record to a new impartial 

medical specialist to obtain a rationalized opinion on causal relationship. Following this and any 

other development deemed necessary, OWCP shall issue a de novo decision in the case.

On appeal, counsel contends that OWCP failed to meet its responsibility to develop the 

medical evidence as it issued its April 4, 2017 decision without obtaining an adequate

supplemental report from Dr. Zeidman. As explained, the case will be remanded to OWCP for 

selection of a new impartial medical examiner.

CONCLUSION

The Board finds that the case is not in posture for a decision.

 

18 Supra note 10. 

19 M.B., Docket No. 09-0567 (issued November 12, 2009); Nancy Keenan, 56 ECAB 687 (2005); 

Talmadge Miller, 47 ECAB 673 (1996); Harold Travis, 30 ECAB 1071 (1979); see also Federal (FECA) Procedure 

Manual, Part 2 -- Claims, Developing and Evaluating Medical Evidence, Chapter 2.810(11)(e) (September 2010) (if 

the referee physician does not respond, the claims examiner should request a new referee examination).

20 See id. Part 2 -- Claims, File Maintenance and Management, Chapter 2.400.8(c)(1) (February 2000). OWCP 

procedures provide that cases should be doubled when a new injury is reported for an employee who previously 

filed an injury claim for a similar condition.
9

ORDER

IT IS HEREBY ORDERED THAT the decision of the Office of Workers’

Compensation Programs dated April 4, 2017 is set aside, and the case is remanded for additional 

development consistent with this decision of the Board.

Issued: February 1, 2018

Washington, DC

Patricia H. Fitzgerald, Deputy Chief Judge

Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board

Alec J. Koromilas, Alternate Judge

Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board

Valerie D. Evans-Harrell, Alternate Judge

Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board