United States Department of Labor

Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board

__________________________________________

P.C., Appellant

and

U.S. POSTAL SERVICE, POST OFFICE, 

Bethpage, NY, Employer

__________________________________________

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Docket No. 17-0880

Issued: October 13, 2017

Appearances: Case Submitted on the Record

Thomas S. Harkins, Esq., for the appellant1

Office of Solicitor, for the Director

DECISION AND ORDER

Before:

CHRISTOPHER J. GODFREY, Chief Judge

PATRICIA H. FITZGERALD, Deputy Chief Judge

COLLEEN DUFFY KIKO, Judge

JURISDICTION

On March 16, 2017 appellant, through counsel, filed a timely appeal from a 

September 23, 2016 merit decision of the Office of Workers’ Compensation Programs (OWCP). 

Pursuant to the Federal Employees’ Compensation Act2(FECA) and 20 C.F.R. §§ 501.2(c) and 

501.3, the Board has jurisdiction over the merits of this case.

ISSUE

The issue is whether appellant met his burden of proof to establish left ring finger, right 

wrist, and head injuries causally related to the May 1, 2015 employment incident.

 

1

In all cases in which a representative has been authorized in a matter before the Board, no claim for a fee for 

legal or other service performed on appeal before the Board is valid unless approved by the Board. 20 C.F.R. 

§ 501.9(e). No contract for a stipulated fee or on a contingent fee basis will be approved by the Board. Id. An 

attorney or representative’s collection of a fee without the Board’s approval may constitute a misdemeanor, subject 

to fine or imprisonment for up to one year or both. Id.; see also 18 U.S.C. § 292. Demands for payment of fees to a 

representative, prior to approval by the Board, may be reported to appropriate authorities for investigation.

2

5 U.S.C. § 8101 et seq.
2

On appeal counsel contends that appellant sustained disabling injuries and conditions 

causally related to the accepted work incident.

FACTUAL HISTORY

On May 1, 2015 appellant, then a 40-year-old forklift driver, filed a traumatic injury 

claim (Form CA-1) alleging that on that day he sustained left ring finger, right wrist, and head 

injuries when his left ring finger became caught in a postal container (hereinafter referred to as 

postcon) and when he pulled it back, he fell backwards. He stopped work on the date of injury. 

In a May 1, 2015 statement, appellant noted helping a coworker build postcons in a trailer when 

unbuilt postcons began to fall and his left ring finger became caught in one of them. He was able 

to pull his finger free as the postcons were falling, but he fell on his back and head. Appellant 

asserted that he felt light-headed and woozy.

Appellant submitted a May 1, 2015 attending physician’s report (Form CA-20) from

Dr. Shermil M. Daniel, an emergency medicine specialist. Dr. Daniel noted that on May 1, 2015

appellant’s hand became caught on a canister and he fell and hit the back of his head. She 

checked the box marked “yes” when asked if the condition was caused or aggravated by the 

employment incident. Dr. Daniel advised that appellant could return to work on May 6, 2015. 

In an after-visit summary report dated May 1, 2015, she diagnosed a hand injury and minor head 

injury without loss of consciousness, initial encounter. Dr. Daniel provided discharge 

instructions regarding appellant’s hand and head injuries.

By letter dated May 19, 2015, OWCP advised appellant of the deficiencies of his claim. 

It requested that he submit additional factual and medical evidence, including a detailed report 

from his physician explaining how the reported work incident caused or aggravated his claimed 

injury. 

Duty status reports (Form CA-17) dated May 7 and 26, 2015, noted a history of injury 

that on May 1, 2015 appellant was inside a truck when a metal container fell on him, that he fell 

on his back and hit his head, right wrist, and fingers, and his right shoulder. Dr. Michael Hearns, 

Board-certified in occupational medicine, described clinical findings and diagnosed pain in the 

neck, back, right shoulder, and right arm. He advised that appellant could not resume his regular 

work and listed his physical restrictions. 

Unsigned letters dated May 7 and 26, 2015 from Central Medical Services of Westrock 

indicated that appellant was totally and temporarily disabled and set forth restrictions. The 

letters noted that appellant was unable to return to work due to a work-related condition 

sustained on May 1, 2015 and that he had postconcussive headaches, neck, mid-back, low back, 

head, right wrist, left fourth digit, and right shoulder diagnoses. 

In a hospital report dated May 1, 2015, Dr. Daniel restated appellant’s history of injury. 

She noted a history of his family, social, and medical background, listed examination findings 

and diagnostic and laboratory test results, and diagnosed a mild head injury and a hand injury. 

Appellant submitted several diagnostic reports from Dr. Robert Schepp, a Board-certified 

radiologist. In a May 18, 2015 brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan report, Dr. Schepp 
3

provided an impression of an unremarkable noncontrast MRI scan of the head. He also provided 

an impression of no abnormal soft tissue masses, no areas of abnormal signal intensity, no areas 

of abnormal vascular structures, and no evidence of parenchymal hemorrhage or extra-axial fluid 

collections. In a May 26, 2015 right shoulder x-ray report, Dr. Schepp found no acute fracture, 

slight joint space narrowing, and slight hypertrophic changes of the acromioclavicular joint. In a 

cervical spine x-ray report of the same date, he found slight diffuse disc space narrowing, 

minimal facet hypertrophy at C3-4 through C6-7 without evidence of significant bony foraminal 

narrowing, and straightening of the cervical curvature. Also, on the same date, Dr. Schepp 

reported that a lumbar spine x-ray revealed disc space narrowing at L5-S1 and to a lesser extent 

at L3-4 and L4-5 disc interspace levels, facet hypertrophy at L5-S1 and to a lesser extent at L3-4 

and L4-5 without significant bony neural foraminal narrowing, and limited motion on flexion. A

thoracic spine x-ray showed a dextroscoliosis thoracic spine apex at T9.

By decision dated June 30, 2015, OWCP denied appellant’s traumatic injury claim 

because the medical evidence of record failed to provide a medical diagnosis in connection with 

the accepted May 1, 2015 employment incident. 

OWCP received a May 26, 2015 prescription note from John P. Mullin, a physician 

assistant, which ordered physical therapy to treat appellant’s cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spine 

and to evaluate his right shoulder function. In another prescription dated May 26, 2015, he 

ordered a cervical spine MRI scan of the cervical spine. 

In reports dated June 2, 2015, a physical therapist noted a date of injury of May 1, 2015

and appellant’s complaints of headaches and muscle spasms. The physical therapist discussed

examination findings, provided an illegible diagnosis from Dr. Hearns, and addressed appellant’s 

treatment plan. A June 9, 2015 letter from Central Medical Services of Westrock with an 

illegible signature noted appellant’s restrictions. The letter stated that he was totally and 

temporarily disabled due to a work-related condition sustained on May 1, 2015.

A June 9, 2015 Form CA-17 report completed by Dr. Hearns restated appellant’s history 

of injury and described clinical findings. He indicated that appellant’s condition was due to his 

injury and listed his restrictions. 

An unsigned report dated May 18, 2015 from Middle Village Radiology noted that 

appellant had neck, mid-back, low back, head, wrist, and left finger diagnoses. The report also 

noted that Dr. Hearns had referred him to undergo several diagnostic tests. 

In an appeal request form, received by OWCP on August 4, 2015, appellant requested a 

telephone hearing before an OWCP hearing representative.

In May 7, 2015 to February 19, 2016 reports and a letter, Dr. Hearns examined appellant 

and reviewed diagnostic test results. He maintained that appellant had sustained a work-related 

injury on May 1, 2015. Dr. Hearns listed his work restrictions and advised that his prognosis 

was fair. He reiterated his prior opinion that appellant was totally disabled from work. 

In a June 20, 2015 medical report, Dr. Morton Finkel, a Board-certified neurologist, 

noted a history of the May 1, 2015 employment incident, reviewed diagnostic test results, and 
4

provided findings on physical examination. He diagnosed cerebral concussion and cervical 

radiculopathy.

In a May 26, 2015 narrative report, Mr. Mullin provided appellant’s history of injury, 

examination findings, and physical restrictions. He advised that appellant’s prognosis was 

guarded and that appellant was temporarily totally disabled from work. On September 15, 2015

Mr. Mullin reported that appellant’s prognosis was fair, he had no restrictions, and he had a mild 

partial disability. 

By letter dated March 7, 2016, appellant withdrew his request for a telephone hearing and 

instead requested reconsideration of OWCP’s June 30, 2015 decision. In letters dated June 21 

and 22, 2016, counsel contended that the medical evidence of record was sufficient to establish 

that appellant’s injuries and disability were causally related to the accepted May 1, 2015 

employment incident.

In a September 23, 2016 decision, OWCP affirmed the June 30, 2015 decision as 

modifier. It found that appellant had failed to provide a rationalized medical opinion to establish 

that his diagnosed medical conditions were causally related to the accepted May 1, 2015 

employment incident. 

LEGAL PRECEDENT

An employee seeking benefits under FECA3has the burden of proof to establish the 

essential elements of his or her claim by the weight of the reliable, probative, and substantial 

evidence4including that he or she sustained an injury in the performance of duty and that any 

specific condition or disability from work for which he or she claims compensation is causally 

related to that employment injury.5

To determine whether a federal employee has sustained a traumatic injury in the 

performance of duty, it first must be determined whether fact of injury has been established.6 

There are two components involved in establishing fact of injury. First, the employee must 

submit sufficient evidence to establish that she actually experienced the employment incident at 

the time, place, and in the manner alleged.7 

The second component is whether the employment incident caused a personal injury and 

generally can be established only by medical evidence.8 The evidence required to establish 

 

3

Id.

4

J.P., 59 ECAB 178 (2007); Joseph M. Whelan, 20 ECAB 55, 58 (1968).

5 G.T., 59 ECAB 447 (2008); Elaine Pendleton, 40 ECAB 1143, 1145 (1989).

6

S.P., 59 ECAB 184 (2007); Alvin V. Gadd, 57 ECAB 172 (2005).

7 Bonnie A. Contreras, 57 ECAB 364 (2006); Edward C. Lawrence, 19 ECAB 442 (1968).

8

John J. Carlone, 41 ECAB 354 (1989); see 5 U.S.C. § 8101(5) (injury defined); 20 C.F.R. §§ 10.5(ee), 10.5(q) 

(traumatic injury and occupational disease defined, respectively).
5

causal relationship is rationalized medical opinion evidence, based upon complete factual and 

medical background, showing causal relationship between the claimed condition and the 

identified factors.9 The belief of the claimant that a condition was caused or aggravated by the 

employment is insufficient to establish causal relationship.10

ANALYSIS

The Board finds that appellant has not met his burden of proof to establish a traumatic 

injury caused or aggravated by the accepted May 1, 2015 employment incident. Appellant failed 

to submit sufficient medical evidence to establish left ring finger, right wrist, and head conditions

causally related to the accepted employment incident.

Dr. Daniel’s May 1, 2015 Form CA-20 report noted a history of the May 1, 2015 

employment incident and found that appellant had a hand condition. She checked the box 

marked “yes” when asked if the condition was caused or aggravated by the employment incident. 

Dr. Daniel did not provide a firm diagnosis of a particular medical condition.

11

 Moreover, the 

Board has held that a report that addresses causal relationship with a checkmark on a form report 

is of diminished probative value and insufficient to establish causal relationship.

12

 Dr. Daniel 

did not provide a reasoned opinion on whether the accepted employment incident caused or 

contributed to the diagnosed medical condition.13 In her hospital report, and after-visit summary 

report dated May 1, 2015, Dr. Daniel restated that appellant had a hand injury and found that he 

also had a minor head injury without loss of consciousness, initial encounter. Again, she did not 

provide a firm diagnosis of a particular medical condition.

14

 In addition, Dr. Daniel did not offer 

a specific opinion as to whether the accepted work incident caused or aggravated appellant’s 

condition.

15

 Thus, the Board finds that her reports are of limited probative value.

Similarly, Dr. Hearns’ Form CA-17 reports are of limited probative value. He indicated

that appellant was involved in a work-related incident on May 1, 2015, diagnosed neck, back, 

right shoulder, and right arm pain, and found that appellant could not resume his regular work. 

However, it is not possible to establish the cause of a medical condition if the physician has not 

 

9

Lourdes Harris, 45 ECAB 545 (1994); see Walter D. Morehead, 31 ECAB 188 (1979).

10 Kathryn Haggerty, 45 ECAB 383, 389 (1994).

11 See Deborah L. Beatty, 54 ECAB 340 (2003) (where the Board found that, in the absence of a medical report 

providing a diagnosed condition and a reasoned opinion on causal relationship with the employment incident, 

appellant did not meet her burden of proof).

12 See Calvin E. King, Jr., 51 ECAB 394 (2000); see also Frederick E. Howard, Jr., 41 ECAB 843 (1990).

13 See George Randolph Taylor, 6 ECAB 986, 988 (1954) (where the Board found that a medical opinion not 

fortified by medical rationale is of little probative value).

14 Supra note 10.

15 C.B., Docket No. 09-2027 (issued May 12, 2010); J.F., Docket No. 09-1061 (issued November 17, 2009); A.D.,

58 ECAB 149 (2006) (medical evidence which does not offer any opinion regarding the cause of an employee’s 

condition is of limited probative value on the issue of causal relationship).
6

provided a diagnosis, but only notes pain.

16

 The Board has consistently held that pain is a 

symptom and not a compensable medical diagnosis.17 Further, Dr. Hearns did not explain how 

appellant’s injury and resultant disability were caused or aggravated by the accepted employment 

incident.18 His remaining reports noted findings on physical examination and his review of 

diagnostic test results, found that appellant sustained a work-related injury on May 1, 2015, and 

addressed his disability for work. However, Dr. Hearns did not explain how appellant’s 

conditions and resultant disability were causally related to the accepted employment incident.19 

The Board therefore finds that his reports are insufficient to meet appellant’s burden of proof.

While the June 20, 2015 report from Dr. Finkel and diagnostic test results from

Dr. Schepp addressed appellant’s head, cervical and lumbar spine, and right shoulder conditions, 

neither physician offered an opinion addressing whether these conditions were caused or 

aggravated by the May 1, 2015 employment incident.20 Further, Dr. Schepp’s remaining 

diagnostic test results did not diagnose a brain condition causally related to the accepted work 

incident.21

Appellant submitted evidence from a physician assistant and a physical therapist. This 

evidence does not constitute competent medical evidence because neither a physician assistant

nor a physical therapist is considered a physician as defined under FECA.

22

 As such, this 

evidence is also insufficient to meet appellant’s burden of proof.

The unsigned letters and a report which contained an illegible signature from Central 

Medical Services of Westrock and Middle Village Radiology, respectively, are insufficient to 

meet appellant’s burden of proof. A report that is unsigned or bears an illegible signature lacks 

proper identification and cannot be considered probative medical evidence.23

Appellant’s belief that an employment incident caused or aggravated his condition is 

insufficient, by itself, to establish causal relationship.24 The issue of causal relationship is a 

medical one and must be resolved by probative medical opinion from a physician. The Board 

 

16 See A.C., Docket No. 16-1587 (issued December 27, 2016).

17 B.P., Docket No. 12-1345 (issued November 13, 2012); C.F., Docket No. 08-1102 (issued October 2008).

18 See George Randolph Taylor, supra note 12.

19 Id.

20 Supra note 14.

21 Supra notes 10 and 14.

22 5 U.S.C. § 8101(2); Sean O’Connell, 56 ECAB 195 (2004) (physician assistants); Jennifer L. Sharp, 48 ECAB 

209 (1996) (physical therapists). See also Gloria J. McPherson, 51 ECAB 441 (2000); Charley V.B. Harley, 2 

ECAB 208, 211 (1949) (a medical issue such as causal relationship can only be resolved through the submission of 

probative medical evidence from a physician).

23 Thomas L. Agee, 56 ECAB 465 (2005); Richard F. Williams, 55 ECAB 343 (2004).

24 20 C.F.R. § 10.115(e); Phillip L. Barnes, 55 ECAB 426, 440 (2004).
7

finds that there is insufficient medical evidence of record to establish left ring finger, right wrist, 

and head injuries causally related to the May 1, 2015 employment incident. Appellant, therefore, 

did not meet his burden of proof.

On appeal counsel contends that appellant sustained disabling injuries and conditions 

causally related to the accepted work incident. For the reasons set forth above, the Board finds 

that the weight of the medical evidence does not establish that appellant sustained left ring 

finger, right wrist, and head conditions causally related to the accepted May 1, 2015 employment 

incident.

Appellant may submit new evidence or argument with a written request for 

reconsideration to OWCP within one year of this merit decision, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. § 8128(a) 

and 20 C.F.R. §§ 10.605 through 10.607.

CONCLUSION

The Board finds that appellant has failed to meet his burden of proof to establish left ring 

finger, right wrist, and head injuries causally related to the May 1, 2015 employment incident.

ORDER

IT IS HEREBY ORDERED THAT the September 23, 2016 decision of the Office of 

Workers’ Compensation Programs is affirmed.

Issued: October 13, 2017

Washington, DC

Christopher J. Godfrey, Chief Judge

Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board

Patricia H. Fitzgerald, Deputy Chief Judge

Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board

Colleen Duffy Kiko, Judge

Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board