United States Department of Labor 

Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board 

__________________________________________ 

J.F., Appellant 

and 

DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY, FLEET 

FORCES COMMAND, SHIPYARDS FLEET 

HRO, NORFOLK NAVAL SHIPYARD, 

Portsmouth, VA, Employer 

__________________________________________ 

) 

) 

) 

) 

) 

) 

) 

) 

) 

) 

Docket No. 16-1225 

Issued: November 21, 2016 

Appearances: Case Submitted on the Record

David G. Jennings, Esq., for the appellant1

Office of Solicitor, for the Director 

DECISION AND ORDER 

Before: 

PATRICIA H. FITZGERALD, Deputy Chief Judge 

COLLEEN DUFFY KIKO, Judge 

ALEC J. KOROMILAS, Alternate Judge 

JURISDICTION 

On May 18, 2016 appellant, through counsel, filed a timely appeal from an April 12, 

2016 merit decision of the Office of Workers’ Compensation Programs (OWCP). Pursuant to 

the Federal Employees’ Compensation Act2

 (FECA) and 20 C.F.R. §§ 501.2(c) and 501.3, the 

Board has jurisdiction over the merits of this case. 

 1

 In all cases in which a representative has been authorized in a matter before the Board, no claim for a fee for 

legal or other service performed on appeal before the Board is valid unless approved by the Board. 20 C.F.R. 

§ 501.9(e). No contract for a stipulated fee or on a contingent fee basis will be approved by the Board. Id. An 

attorney or representative’s collection of a fee without the Board’s approval may constitute a misdemeanor, subject 

to fine or imprisonment for up to one year or both. Id.; see also 18 U.S.C. § 292. Demands for payment of fees to a 

representative, prior to approval by the Board, may be reported to appropriate authorities for investigation. 

2

 5 U.S.C. § 8101 et seq.
2

ISSUE 

The issue is whether appellant sustained more than three percent binaural hearing loss for 

which he received a schedule award. 

FACTUAL HISTORY 

On October 8, 2015 appellant, then a 65-year-old pipefitter, filed an occupational disease 

claim (Form CA-2) alleging bilateral hearing loss as a result of employment-related noise 

exposure. He worked as a pipefitter for the employing establishment from 2002 until he retired 

on October 2, 2013. Appellant was exposed to loud noise from various pneumatic tools, 

grinding, chipping, nitrogen tanks, testing systems, brazing torches, and metal cutting machines 

for eight hours per day, five days per week. 

On December 23, 2013 appellant filed a claim for a schedule award (Form CA-7). 

OWCP referred appellant, together with a statement of accepted facts, to Dr. Jeffrey 

Powell, a Board-certified otolaryngologist, for a second opinion evaluation on March 15, 2016. 

An audiogram was completed on March 15, 2016 which revealed the following decibel (dB) 

losses at 500, 1,000, 2,000, and 3,000 hertz (Hz): 20, 20, 25, and 25 for the right ear and 20, 25, 

25, and 75 for the left ear. Speech reception thresholds were 20 dB bilaterally while auditory 

discrimination scores were 96 percent on the right and 84 percent on the left. Appellant 

complained of trouble hearing conversations, as well as difficulty hearing noisy equipment at 

work, background noise, and multiple people talking. He further complained of constant high 

pitch ringing in his ears which caused him to lose significant amounts of sleep. 

Dr. Powell diagnosed severe bilateral tinnitus and bilateral high-frequency sensorineural 

hearing loss, worse in left than right. He opined that appellant’s hearing loss was in part due to 

his federal employment, noting that it was also caused from his civilian employment in shipyards 

from 1975 to 2002. Dr. Powell explained that appellant continued to suffer from residuals of his 

hearing loss as the ringing in his ears would continue in years to come as tinnitus. He 

recommended bilateral hearing aids. 

Applying the standard provided by the sixth edition of the American Medical 

Association, Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment3

 (A.M.A., Guides) to the 

March 15, 2016 audiometric data, Dr. Powell calculated that appellant sustained 16.875 percent 

monaural hearing impairment in the right ear and 0 percent monaural hearing impairment in the 

left ear.4

 No additional rating was provided for tinnitus and Dr. Powell did not calculate a 

binaural hearing impairment. 

By decision dated March 30, 2016, OWCP accepted appellant’s claim for bilateral highfrequency sensorineural hearing loss, bilateral tinnitus, and impaired auditory discrimination of 

 3

 A.M.A., Guides (6th ed. 2009). 

4

 The Board notes that Dr. Powell mistakenly calculated the impairment rating for the left ear using the right ear 

decibel losses and vice versa. As he correctly noted, appellant’s left ear hearing loss is worse than the right. As 

such, he sustained 16.875 percent monaural hearing impairment in the left ear and 0 percent monaural hearing 

impairment in the right ear. 
3

the left ear. It further noted that the record established that appellant would benefit from hearing 

aids. 

On March 20, 2016 OWCP referred the case file to Dr. Jeffrey M. Israel, an OWCP 

district medical adviser (DMA) and Board-certified otolaryngologist, to determine the extent of 

appellant’s hearing loss and permanent impairment due to his employment-related noise 

exposure. It noted that the claim had been accepted for bilateral high-frequency sensorineural 

hearing loss, bilateral tinnitus, and impaired auditory discrimination of the left ear. 

On April 3, 2016 Dr. Israel reviewed Dr. Powell’s March 15, 2016 otologic examination 

report and agreed that appellant’s bilateral sensorineural hearing loss was due to occupational 

noise exposure. He applied the audiometric data to OWCP’s standard for evaluating hearing loss 

under the sixth edition of the A.M.A., Guides and determined that appellant sustained 0 percent 

monaural hearing impairment in the right ear, 16.88 percent monaural hearing impairment in the 

left ear, and a binaural hearing impairment of 2.8 percent.5

 

Dr. Israel added no percentage for tinnitus, noting no tinnitus handicap inventory was 

available. He concluded that hearing aids were authorized and noted the date of maximum 

medical improvement (MMI) as March 15, 2016. 

By decision dated April 12, 2016, OWCP granted appellant a schedule award for three 

percent binaural hearing loss. The date of MMI was determined to be March 15, 2016, the date 

of audiogram performed with Dr. Powell’s examination. The award covered a period of six 

weeks from March 15 through April 25, 2016 and the weekly pay was computed at the 75 

percent augmented rate for employees with dependents. 

LEGAL PRECEDENT 

The schedule award provision of FECA6 and its implementing regulations set forth the 

number of weeks of compensation payable to employees sustaining permanent impairment from 

loss or loss of use, of scheduled members or functions of the body. FECA, however, does not 

specify the manner in which the percentage loss of a member shall be determined. The method 

used in making such determination is a matter which rests in the sound discretion of OWCP. For 

consistent results and to ensure equal justice, the Board has authorized the use of a single set of 

tables so that there may be uniform standards applicable to all claimants. The A.M.A., Guides

(6th ed. 2009), has been adopted by OWCP for evaluating schedule losses and the Board has 

concurred in such adoption.7

OWCP evaluates industrial hearing loss in accordance with the standards contained in the 

A.M.A., Guides. Using the frequencies of 500, 1,000, 2,000, and 3,000 cycles per second, the 

losses at each frequency are added up and averaged. Then, the fence of 25 decibels is deducted 

because, as the A.M.A., Guides points out, losses below 25 decibels result in no impairment in 

 5 Id. 

6 Supra note 2. 

7 See R.D., 59 ECAB 127 (2007); Bernard Babcock, Jr., 52 ECAB 143 (2000). 
4

the ability to hear everyday speech under everyday conditions.8

 The remaining amount is 

multiplied by a factor of 1.5 to arrive at the percentage of monaural hearing loss. The binaural 

loss is determined by calculating the loss in each ear using the formula for monaural loss; the 

lesser loss is multiplied by five, then added to the greater loss and the total is divided by six to 

arrive at the amount of the binaural hearing loss. The Board has concurred in OWCP’s adoption 

of this standard for evaluating hearing loss.9

Regarding tinnitus, the A.M.A., Guides provide that tinnitus is not a disease but rather a 

symptom that may be the result of disease or injury.10 The A.M.A., Guides state that if tinnitus 

interferes with [activities of daily living], including sleep, reading (and other tasks requiring 

concentration), enjoyment of quiet recreation, and emotional well-being, up to five percent may 

be added to a measurable binaural hearing impairment.11

OWCP procedures provide that, after obtaining all necessary medical evidence, the file 

should be routed to OWCP’s medical adviser for an opinion concerning the nature and 

percentage of impairment in accordance with the A.M.A., Guides, with the medical adviser 

providing rationale for the percentage of impairment specified.12 OWCP may follow the advice 

of its medical adviser or consultant where he or she has properly utilized the A.M.A., Guides.

13

ANALYSIS 

OWCP accepted appellant’s claim for bilateral high-frequency sensorineural hearing loss, 

bilateral tinnitus, and impaired auditory discrimination of the left ear. The issue is whether 

appellant was properly awarded three percent binaural hearing loss for which he received a 

schedule award. The Board finds that this case is not in posture for decision. 

OWCP referred appellant, together with a statement of accepted facts, to Dr. Powell, a 

Board-certified otolaryngologist, for a second opinion evaluation on March 15, 2016. Dr. Powell 

diagnosed severe bilateral tinnitus and work-related bilateral high-frequency sensorineural 

hearing loss, worse in left ear than the right. He opined that appellant sustained 0 percent 

monaural hearing impairment in the right ear and 16.875 percent monaural hearing impairment 

in the left ear. Dr. Powell did not provide any additional impairment for tinnitus. 

OWCP referred the medical evidence to Dr. Israel, the DMA, for a rating of permanent 

impairment in accordance with the A.M.A., Guides.

14 Dr. Israel opined that appellant sustained 

 8 See A.M.A., Guides 250. 

9 See E.S., 59 ECAB 249 (2007); Donald Stockstad, 53 ECAB 301 (2002), petition for recon. granted (modifying 

prior decision), Docket No. 01-1570 (issued August 13, 2002). 

10 See A.M.A., Guides 249. 

11 Id. See also R.H., Docket No. 10-2139 (issued July 13, 2011); Robert E. Cullison, 55 ECAB 570 (2004). 

12 See Federal (FECA) Procedure Manual, Part 2 -- Claims, Schedule Awards and Permanent Disability Claims, 

Chapter 2.808.6(f) (February 2013). 

13 See Ronald J. Pavlik, 33 ECAB 1596 (1982). 

14 See Hildred I. Lloyd, 42 ECAB 944 (1991). 
5

0 percent monaural hearing impairment in the right ear, 16.88 percent monaural hearing 

impairment in the left ear, or a binaural hearing impairment of 2.8 percent based on the results of 

the March 15, 2016 audiogram and Dr. Powell’s second opinion report. OWCP’s April 12, 2016 

decision was based largely on Dr. Israel’s recommendation. 

Using the March 15, 2016 audiogram, Dr. Israel averaged appellant’s right ear hearing 

levels of 20, 20, 25, and 25 dB at 500, 1,000, 2,000, and 3,000 Hz, which totaled 22.5. Because 

this average was below the fence of 25 dB, he determined that appellant had zero percent right 

ear monaural hearing loss. Dr. Israel then averaged appellant’s left ear hearing levels of 20, 25, 

25, and 75 dB at 500, 1,000, 2,000, and 3,000 Hz, which totaled 36.25. After subtracting out a 

25 dB fence, he multiplied the remaining 11.25 balance by 1.5 to calculate a 16.88 percent left 

ear monaural hearing loss (rounded up from 16.875).15 Dr. Israel then calculated 2.8 percent 

binaural hearing loss by multiplying the lesser right ear loss of 0 percent by 5, adding the greater 

16.88 percent left ear loss, and dividing this sum by 6. He concluded that hearing aids were 

authorized and noted the date of MMI as March 15, 2016. 

The A.M.A., Guides allows for compensation of up to five percent for tinnitus in the 

presence of measurable hearing loss if the tinnitus impacts the ability to perform activities of 

daily living.16 In this case, Dr. Powell diagnosed severe bilateral tinnitus and explained that 

appellant continued to suffer from residuals of his work-related injury in the form of tinnitus and 

ringing in the ears. He noted that appellant complained of trouble hearing conversation, 

difficulty hearing noisy equipment at work, background noise, and multiple people talking. 

Dr. Powell further noted that appellant’s tinnitus caused him to lose significant hours of sleep. 

He provided a detailed description of appellant’s symptoms pertaining to tinnitus and how the 

condition interfered with his activities of daily living. However, no additional rating was 

provided for tinnitus. 

The Board finds Dr. Powell’s report sufficient to require OWCP to further develop the 

medical evidence to determine the extent of impairment for tinnitus.17 Accordingly, the Board 

will remand the case to OWCP. 

OWCP awarded appellant three percent binaural hearing loss, an award which covered a 

period of six weeks from March 15 through April 25, 2016. A schedule award provides for 

payment of compensation for a specific number of weeks as prescribed by the statute.18 FECA 

provides that a claimant is entitled to 52 weeks of compensation for 100 percent loss of hearing 

in one ear and 200 weeks compensation for 100 percent hearing loss in both ears. OWCP used 

three percent binaural hearing loss impairment (rounded up from 2.8) to calculate the period of 

the award. Multiplying three percent by the 200 weeks provided for binaural hearing loss results 

in a total of 6 weeks of compensation. With respect to the 17 percent left ear monaural hearing 

 15 The policy of OWCP is to round the calculated percentage of impairment to the nearest whole point. Results 

should be rounded down for figures less than .5 and up for .5 and over. See FECA Procedure Manual, Part 3 -- 

Medical, Schedule Awards, Chapter 3.700.3.b (January 2010); Carolyn E. Sellers, 50 ECAB 393, 394 (1999). 

16 See Robert E. Cullison, 55 ECAB 570 (2004); R.H., Docket No. 10-2139 (issued July 13, 2011). 

17 See Jimmy A. Hammons, 51 ECAB 219 (1999); John J. Carlone, 41 ECAB 354 (1989). 

18 5 U.S.C. § 8107. 
6

loss impairment (rounded up from 16.88), multiplying 17 percent by the 52 weeks for monaural 

hearing loss results in a total of 8.84 weeks of compensation. 

The Board notes that if the allowance for monaural hearing loss would be greater than 

that for binaural hearing loss, the claimant should receive the benefit of the more favorable 

allowance.19 Thus the Board finds that OWCP improperly awarded three percent binaural 

hearing loss allowance for six weeks of compensation. Rather, appellant should have been 

awarded 8.84 weeks of compensation for the more favorable allowance of 17 percent left ear 

monaural hearing loss.20 Following this and any other further development deemed necessary, 

OWCP shall issue an appropriate merit decision on appellant’s schedule award claim.21

CONCLUSION 

The Board finds that this case is not in posture for decision. 

ORDER 

IT IS HEREBY ORDERED THAT the April 12, 2016 decision of the Office of 

Workers’ Compensation Programs is set aside and the case is remanded for further development 

consistent with this decision. 

Issued: November 21, 2016 

Washington, DC 

 

 Patricia H. Fitzgerald, Deputy Chief Judge 

 Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board 

 

 Colleen Duffy Kiko, Judge 

 Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board 

 

 Alec J. Koromilas, Alternate Judge 

 Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board 

 19 M.M., Docket No. 15-1719 (issued November 2, 2015). 

20 C.f., T.H., Docket No. 07-965 (issued August 6, 2007). 

21 See P.K., Docket No. 08-2551 (issued June 2, 2009); see also Horace Langhorne, 29 ECAB 820 (1978).