United States Department of Labor 

Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board 

__________________________________________ 

T.C., Appellant 

and 

U.S. POSTAL SERVICE, POST OFFICE, 

New York, NY, Employer 

__________________________________________ 

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Docket No. 16-0269 

Issued: April 1, 2016 

Appearances: Case Submitted on the Record

Paul Kalker, Esq., for the appellant 

Office of Solicitor, for the Director 

DECISION AND ORDER 

Before: 

PATRICIA H. FITZGERALD, Deputy Chief Judge 

ALEC J. KOROMILAS, Alternate Judge 

VALERIE D. EVANS-HARRELL, Alternate Judge 

JURISDICTION 

On November 30, 2015 appellant, through counsel, filed a timely appeal from an 

October 27, 2015 merit decision of the Office of Workers’ Compensation Programs (OWCP). 

Pursuant to the Federal Employees’ Compensation Act1

 (FECA) and 20 C.F.R. §§ 501.2(c) and 

501.3, the Board has jurisdiction over the merits of this case. 

ISSUE 

The issue is whether appellant has more than 17 percent permanent impairment of the left 

leg for which he has received a schedule award. 

FACTUAL HISTORY 

This case has previously been before the Board on prior appeals regarding issues other 

than permanent impairment. OWCP accepted that appellant, then a 36-year-old mail handler, 

sustained injuries to his left foot on May 19, 2004 while loading a trailer. The accepted 

 1

 5 U.S.C. § 8101 et seq. 
2

conditions of record are: left foot contusion, left ankle strain, left tarsal tunnel syndrome, and 

lesion of the left plantar nerve. Appellant underwent left foot surgery on May 14, 2007. He 

received wage-loss compensation through November 5, 2008, when OWCP terminated 

wage-loss compensation and medical benefits effective November 6, 2008. In a decision dated 

June 28, 2010, the Board found that OWCP properly terminated compensation based on the 

medical evidence.2

OWCP issued a December 7, 2011 decision denying modification of the termination 

decisions. The Board reviewed and affirmed the December 7, 2011 OWCP decision on 

August 1, 2012.3

 The Board noted in its decision that appellant had submitted an October 20, 

2010 report from Dr. Carol De Costa, a Board-certified physiatrist, opining that he had 

57 percent left leg permanent impairment. The Board noted, however, that she had diagnosed 

peripheral neuropathy and post-traumatic arthritis without explaining how those conditions were 

employment related. 

With respect to left leg permanent impairment, OWCP referred the October 20, 2010 

report from Dr. De Costa to an OWCP medical adviser. In a September 8, 2011 report, 

Dr. Henry Magliato, an OWCP medical adviser and Board-certified orthopedic surgeon, opined 

that the report from Dr. De Costa was of little probative value. He recommended referral for a 

second opinion evaluation. 

Appellant submitted a May 31, 2012 report from Dr. De Costa providing a history and 

results on examination. Dr. De Costa opined that appellant had 70 percent left leg permanent 

impairment. She also opined that he had a consequential knee strain with tendon damage. 

OWCP issued a July 30, 2013 decision denying merit review of the claim with respect to 

the termination of compensation. In a March 6, 2014 decision, the Board set aside the July 30, 

2013 OWCP decision.4

Appellant was referred to Dr. Hormozan Aprin, a Board-certified orthopedic surgeon, for 

a second opinion examination regarding permanent impairment. In a report dated June 3, 2013, 

Dr. Aprin opined that appellant had 22 percent left leg impairment. The impairment included 13 

percent for a left ankle sprain, 2 percent left foot crush injury, 3 percent left great toe crush 

injury, 3 percent for peripheral nerve impairment to the posterior tibial nerve, and 1 percent for 

the medial plantar nerve impairment. 

The medical adviser, Dr. Magliato, opined in a June 18, 2013 report that the impairment 

under the sixth edition of the American Medical Association, Guides to the Evaluation of 

Permanent Impairment (A.M.A., Guides) was 17 percent. He found that the impairments for 

crush injuries should be combined, as should the nerve impairments to the tibial and medial 

plantar nerves. The medical adviser found that the combined impairment for the left leg was 

17 percent. 

 2

 Docket No. 09-1911 (issued June 28, 2010). 

3

 Docket No. 12-0444 (issued August 1, 2012). 

4

 Docket No. 13-2008 (issued March 6, 2014). 
3

By decision dated August 29, 2013, OWCP issued a schedule award for 17 percent 

permanent impairment to the left leg. The period of the award was 48.96 weeks for the period 

June 3 to August 24, 2013. 

On February 20, 2015 appellant submitted an October 20, 2014 report from Dr. De Costa, 

who reviewed his history and results on diagnostic testing. Dr. De Costa opined that he had 72 

percent left leg permanent impairment. She referred to 45 percent impairment from the 

diagnosis-based Table 16-2 at page 508 sixth edition of the A.M.A., Guides for “range of 

motion.” Dr. De Costa found an additional 15 percent impairment also under Table 16-2 for 

ankle arthritis, indicating cystic changes in the sub chondral area. In addition, she reported an 

eight percent impairment under the same table for metacarpophalangeal (MP) joint arthritis. 

Dr. De Costa then found an additional seven percent for a mild sensory deficit. She noted that 

under the A.M.A., Guides that while generally only the most impairing diagnosis is used, “in rare 

cases” the examiner may combine multiple impairments within a single region. 

In a May 20, 2015 report, Dr. Magliato reviewed Dr. De Costa’s October 20, 2014 report. 

The medical adviser opined that her report was of diminished probative value. He found that 

Dr. De Costa had not properly applied Table 16-2 or the A.M.A., Guides, and recommended 

referral to a second opinion physician. 

OWCP referred appellant to Dr. Donald Heitman, a Board-certified orthopedic surgeon. 

In a report dated July 28, 2015, Dr. Heitman provided a history and results on examination. He 

reported range of motion for the left ankle: 10 degrees extension, 35 to 40 degrees of plantar 

flexion, 15 degrees inversion and 15 degrees eversion. For the MP joint, 20 degrees extension 

and 45 degrees flexion. Dr. Heitman opined that appellant had three percent left leg impairment 

for loss of range of motion under Table 16-22. 

In a report dated August 25, 2015, Dr. Magliato found that appellant had nine percent left 

leg permanent impairment due to loss of range of motion, according to the findings from 

Dr. Heitman. He requested clarification from the second opinion physician. 

In a report dated October 6, 2015, Dr. Heitman opined that appellant had nine percent left 

leg impairment for loss of range of motion. The impairment was calculated as seven percent for 

10 degrees of extension (dorsiflexion) and two percent for 15 degrees of inversion. By report 

dated October 9, 2015, Dr. Magliato opined that appellant’s left leg permanent impairment was 

nine percent. 

By decision dated October 27, 2015, OWCP found that appellant was not entitled to an 

additional schedule award. It found that the weight of the evidence was represented by 

Dr. Heitman and the medical adviser. 

LEGAL PRECEDENT 

5 U.S.C. § 8107 provides that, if there is permanent disability involving the loss or loss of 

use of a member or function of the body, the claimant is entitled to a schedule award for the 
4

permanent impairment of the scheduled member or function.5 Neither FECA nor the regulations 

specify the manner in which the percentage of impairment for a schedule award shall be 

determined. For consistent results and to ensure equal justice for all claimants OWCP has 

adopted the A.M.A., Guides as the uniform standard applicable to all claimants.6

 For schedule 

awards after May 1, 2009, the impairment is evaluated under the sixth edition.7

 

ANALYSIS 

In the present case, OWCP accepted that appellant sustained left foot contusion, left 

ankle strain, left tarsal tunnel syndrome, and lesion of the left plantar nerve, as a result of a 

May 19, 2004 employment incident. On August 29, 2013 it issued a schedule award for 

17 percent left leg permanent impairment. The issue presented is whether appellant has 

established an increased schedule award. 

Before addressing the reports of the second opinion physician, Dr. Heitman, and the 

OWCP medical adviser, Dr. Magliato, the Board will first consider the October 20, 2014 report 

from Dr. De Costa. Appellant has argued on appeal that OWCP did not properly consider this 

report, but a review of the October 20, 2014 report indicates that it is of diminished probative 

value. 

The October 20, 2014 report provides a medical history, but does not provide results on 

examination. It is not clear what physical examination results Dr. De Costa was basing her 

opinion as to a permanent impairment. In calculating a 72 percent left leg impairment, 

Dr. De Costa finds 45 percent impairment under Table 16-2 for “range of motion.” She refers to 

a grade 3, grade D impairment, without further explanation. It is unclear how Table 16-2 was 

applied in this case. Table 16-2 is a diagnosis-based regional grid for the foot and ankle. 

Dr. De Costa does not identify the diagnosis, or in any way explain how she determined a class 3 

(severe problem), grade D impairment. A proper application of Table 16-2 must identify the 

diagnosis, explain the class of impairment, and how the net adjustment formula was applied to 

determine the proper grade.8

 Under Table 16-2, there does not appear to be any class 3, grade D 

impairment that results in 45 percent leg impairment. 

 In addition, Dr. De Costa then applies Table 16-2 for additional impairments based on 

diagnoses of arthritis and MP joint arthritis. There is a brief reference to “cystic changes” as to 

ankle arthritis, without further explanation as to the proper application of Table 16-2. 

Dr. De Costa notes that the A.M.A., Guides indicate that generally a single diagnosis is used 

within a specific region, but “in rare cases” the examiner may combine multiple impairments.9

 

 5

 5 U.S.C. § 8107. This section enumerates specific members or functions of the body for which a schedule 

award is payable and the maximum number of weeks of compensation to be paid; additional members of the body 

are found at 20 C.F.R. § 10.404(a). 

6 A. George Lampo, 45 ECAB 441 (1994). 

7

 FECA Bulletin No. 09-03 (March 15, 2009). 

8

 A.M.A., Guides 501-21. 

9 Id. at 529. 
5

There is no explanation of why this would be a rare case that would include three different 

diagnosed applications of Table 16-2. The brief finding of a seven percent peripheral nerve 

impairment is similarly lacking in adequate explanation under the A.M.A., Guides. For these 

reasons, the Board finds the opinion that appellant had 72 percent left leg permanent impairment 

is of diminished probative value. 

OWCP relied on the findings of Dr. Heitman and the medical adviser that appellant’s 

current left leg permanent impairment was nine percent, but this evidence is also of diminished 

probative value and does not resolve the issue. The problem is that the impairment rating 

provided was based solely on loss of range of motion under Tables 16-22 (ankle) and 16-20 

(hindfoot).10 It is well established that diagnosis-based impairment (DBI) is the primary method 

of evaluation under the A.M.A., Guides.

11 There was no explanation in this case as to why a 

range of motion evaluation is the appropriate method in this case.12 Since OWCP undertook 

additional development and referred appellant to Dr. Heitman, it is OWCP’s responsibility to 

resolve the issue.13 The case will be remanded to OWCP to properly secure a report which 

determines the current employment-related permanent impairment to the left leg. After such 

further development as is necessary, OWCP should issue a de nova decision. 

CONCLUSION 

The Board finds that the case is not in posture for decision and is remanded to OWCP for 

further development. 

 10 Id. at 549. 

11 A.M.A., Guides 497. See W.D., Docket No. 15-1469 (issued October 7, 2015); see also S. J., Docket No. 

15-1500 (issued November 3, 2015) (OWCP requested clarification from the impartial medical examiner as to why 

he had not used a DBI method of rating as this was the primary method under the A.M.A., Guides). 

12 Cf. B.W., Docket No. 14-1834 (issued September 18, 2015) (OWCP medical adviser did explain why range of 

motion, rather than DBI, was the appropriate method of evaluation. The Board remanded the case, finding that it 

was not clear the second opinion examiner had followed the A.M.A., Guides procedure for measuring range of 

motion). 

13 See Robert Kirby, 51 ECAB 474, 476 (2000); Mae Z. Hackett, 34 ECAB 1421 (1983); Richard W. Kinder, 

32 ECAB 863 (1981). 
6

ORDER 

IT IS HEREBY ORDERED THAT the decision of the Office of Workers’ 

Compensation Programs dated October 27, 2015 is set aside and the case remanded for further 

action consistent with this decision of the Board. 

Issued: April 1, 2016 

Washington, DC 

 

 Patricia H. Fitzgerald, Deputy Chief Judge 

 Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board 

 

 Alec J. Koromilas, Alternate Judge 

 Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board 

 

 Valerie D. Evans-Harrell, Alternate Judge 

 Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board