United States Department of Labor 

Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board 

__________________________________________ 

S.W., Appellant 

and 

DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY, CORPS OF 

ENGINEERS, Gainesville, AL, Employer 

__________________________________________ 

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Docket No. 15-1756 

Issued: March 18, 2016 

Appearances: Case Submitted on the Record

Appellant, pro se 

Office of Solicitor, for the Director 

DECISION AND ORDER 

Before: 

PATRICIA H. FITZGERALD, Deputy Chief Judge 

COLLEEN DUFFY KIKO, Judge 

VALERIE D. EVANS-HARRELL, Alternate Judge 

JURISDICTION 

On August 19, 2015 appellant filed a timely appeal of an April 8, 2015 nonmerit decision 

of the Office of Workers’ Compensation Programs (OWCP).1 As more than one year has 

elapsed from January 17, 2008, the date of the most recent OWCP merit decision, to the filing of 

the current appeal,2

 pursuant to the Federal Employees’ Compensation Act3 (FECA) and 20 

C.F.R. §§ 501.2(c) and 501.3, the Board lacks jurisdiction to review the merits of appellant’s 

claim.4

                                                             1

 Appellant submitted a timely request for oral argument; however, the Board, upon exercising its discretion, 

issued an order denying oral argument on December 21, 2015. Order Denying Request for Oral Argument, Docket 

No. 15-1756 (issued December 21, 2015). 

2

 For final adverse decisions of OWCP issued prior to November 19, 2008, the Board’s review authority is limited 

to appeals which are filed within one year from the date of issuance of OWCP’s decision. See 20 C.F.R. 

§ 501.3(d)(2) (2008). 

3

 5 U.S.C. § 8101 et seq.

4

 Appellant submitted new evidence on appeal. However, the Board cannot consider this evidence as its review of 

the case is limited to the evidence of record which was before OWCP at the time of its final decision. 20 C.F.R. 

§ 501.2(c); see Steven S. Saleh, 55 ECAB 169 (2003). 
2

ISSUE 

The issue is whether OWCP properly refused to reopen appellant’s claim for 

reconsideration of the merits as her request was untimely filed and failed to demonstrate clear 

evidence of error. 

FACTUAL HISTORY 

This case has previously been before the Board.5

 In a July 15, 2011 decision, the Board 

affirmed June 15 and April 23, 2010 decisions of OWCP. The Board found that OWCP had 

properly denied appellant’s request for a review of the written record by an OWCP hearing 

representative and had properly denied appellant’s request for reconsideration as it was untimely 

and had failed to demonstrate clear evidence of error. The facts and history contained in the 

prior appeal are incorporated herein by reference. 

The relevant facts include that appellant then a 35-year-old laborer, injured her back on 

July 26, 1985 when she fell from a ladder at work. OWCP accepted the claim for lumbar sprain 

and a lumber herniated nucleus pulposus without myelopathy. On January 17, 2008 it terminated 

appellant’s wage-loss compensation and medical benefits, based on an opinion from an OWCP 

referral physician, because appellant no longer had any residuals or disability due to her accepted 

work injury. 

There was no activity in the claim following the Board’s July 15, 2011 decision until 

February 24, 2015, when appellant requested reconsideration of the January 17, 2008 termination 

decision. Appellant argued that she was unable to work following her termination and it was 

impossible to find employment after being disabled for 25 years.” She indicated that the 

termination caused her an extreme hardship as she lost her home and her vehicle, and her credit 

was severely damaged. Appellant explained that she had to move in with her daughter because 

she was unable to pay rent and suffered from extreme lower lumbar pain and numbness in her 

left side and leg even to the point of falling. She noted that most of the time she walked with a 

cane. Appellant related that she was requesting reconsideration in the hope that her 

compensation would be reinstated. She also provided new medical evidence. 

With her request, appellant provided a February 19, 2015 report from Dr. Arturo J. Otero, 

a neurologist, who noted treating appellant for many years. Dr. Otero argued that she suffered 

from severe chronic lumbosacral pain due to failed lumbosacral laminectomy syndrome and her 

recent MRI scan of the lumbar spine performed on January 26, 2015 showed mild bilateral 

neural foraminal stenosis at L3-L4, left hemilaminotomy at L4-L5 and moderate degenerative 

disc space narrowing at L3-L4 and L4-L5. He opined that it was his professional opinion that 

due to this, she was unable to hold meaningful gainful employment indefinitely and she was 

totally disabled. 

In a decision dated April 8, 2015, OWCP denied appellant’s request for reconsideration 

for the reason that it was not timely filed and failed to demonstrate clear evidence of error. 

                                                             5

 Docket No. 10-2135 (issued July 15, 2011). 
3

LEGAL PRECEDENT 

To be entitled to a merit review of OWCP’s decision denying or terminating a benefit, a 

claimant must file his application for review within one year of the date of that decision.6

 The 

Board has found that the imposition of the one-year time limitation does not constitute an abuse 

of the discretionary authority granted OWCP under section 8128(a) of FECA.7

 OWCP, however, may not deny an application for review on the grounds that the 

application was not timely filed. When an application for review is not timely filed, it must 

nevertheless undertake a limited review to determine whether the application establishes clear 

evidence of error.8 OWCP regulations and procedures provide that OWCP will reopen a 

claimant’s case for merit review, notwithstanding the one-year filing limitation set forth in 20 

C.F.R. § 10.607(a), if the claimant’s application for review shows clear evidence of error on the 

part of OWCP.9

To establish clear evidence of error, a claimant must submit evidence relevant to the issue 

that was decided by OWCP.10 The evidence must be positive, precise and explicit and must 

manifest on its face that OWCP committed an error.11 Evidence that does not raise a substantial 

question concerning the correctness of OWCP’s decision is insufficient to establish clear 

evidence of error.12 It is not enough merely to show that the evidence could be construed so as to 

produce a contrary conclusion.13 This entails a limited review by OWCP of how the evidence 

submitted with the reconsideration request bears on the evidence previously of record and 

whether the new evidence demonstrates clear error on the part of OWCP.14 To show clear 

evidence of error, the evidence submitted must not only be of sufficient probative value to create 

a conflict in the medical opinion or establish a clear procedural error, but must be of sufficient 

                                                             6

 20 C.F.R. § 10.607(a). 

7

 5 U.S.C. § 8128(a); Leon D. Faidley, Jr., 41 ECAB 104 (1989). 

8 See 20 C.F.R. § 10.607(b); Charles J. Prudencio, 41 ECAB 499, 501-02 (1990). 

9 Id.; Federal (FECA) Procedure Manual, Part 2 -- Claims, Reconsideration, Chapter 2.1602.4(e) 

(December 2011). OWCP procedures further provide that the term clear evidence of error is intended to represent a 

difficult standard. The claimant must present evidence which on its face shows that OWCP made an error (for 

example, proof that a schedule award was miscalculated). Evidence such as a detail well-rationalized medical report 

which, if submitted before the denial was issued, would have created a conflict in medical opinion requiring further 

development, is not clear evidence of error. Id. at Chapter 2.1602.3c. 

10 See Dean D. Beets, 43 ECAB 1153 (1992). 

11 See Leona N. Travis, 43 ECAB 227 (1991). 

12 See Jesus D. Sanchez, 41 ECAB 964 (1990). 

13 See supra note 9. 

14 See Nelson T. Thompson, 43 ECAB 919 (1992). 
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probative value to prima facie shift the weight of the evidence in favor of the claimant and raise 

a substantial question as to the correctness of OWCP’s decision.15

ANALYSIS 

 In its April 8, 2015 decision, OWCP properly determined that appellant failed to file a 

timely application for review. It rendered its last merit decision on January 17, 2008. 

Appellant’s February 24, 2015 letter requesting reconsideration was submitted more than one 

year after the January 17, 2008 merit decision and was, therefore, untimely. 

OWCP properly performed a limited review to determine whether appellant’s application 

for review showed clear evidence of error, which would warrant reopening appellant’s case for 

merit review under section 8128(a) of FECA, notwithstanding the untimeliness of her 

application.16 It reviewed the evidence submitted by appellant in support of her application for 

review, but found that it did not clearly show that OWCP’s most recent merit decision was in 

error. 

The Board finds that the evidence submitted by appellant in support of her application for 

review does not raise a substantial question as to the correctness of OWCP’s most recent merit 

decision and is insufficient to demonstrate clear evidence of error. The critical issue in this case 

is whether appellant has shown clear evidence of error in OWCP’s January 17, 2008 decision 

that terminated appellant’s compensation benefits. 

With her February 24, 2015 request for reconsideration, appellant alleged that she 

continued to suffer from her injury, was unable to work and suffered extreme hardship. She 

indicated that as a result of the termination, she lost her home, and her car, and her credit was 

greatly damaged. The Board notes that the issue in the present case is medical in nature. 

Appellant’s lay assertions about her current condition do not clearly show that OWCP erred in its 

termination of her benefits on January 17, 2008.17

Appellant also submitted a February 19, 2015 report from Dr. Otero, who noted that he 

had treated appellant for many years. Dr. Otero explained that appellant suffered from severe 

chronic lumbosacral pain due to failed lumbosacral laminectomy syndrome. He related that a 

lumbar MRI scan of the spine performed on January 26, 2015 revealed mild bilateral neural 

foraminal stenosis at L3-L4, left hemilaminotomy at L4-L5 and moderate degenerative disc 

space narrowing at L3-L4 and L4-L5. Dr. Otero opined that it was his professional opinion that 

due to this, she was unable to hold meaningful gainful employment indefinitely and she was 

totally disabled. This report is insufficient to show that OWCP’s denial of the claim in 2008 was 

erroneous or raise a substantial question as to the correctness of OWCP’s determination that 

appellant no longer had any disability after January 17, 2008 causally related to her employment 

injury. 

                                                             15 Leon D. Faidley, Jr., supra note 7. 

16 Supra note 4.

17 See James A. Long, 40 ECAB 538 (1989); Susan M. Biles, 40 ECAB 420 (1988). 
5

The term “clear evidence of error” is intended to represent a difficult standard.18 The 

claimant must present evidence which on its face shows that OWCP made an error (for example, 

proof of a miscalculation in a schedule award). Evidence such as a detailed, well-rationalized 

report, which if submitted prior to OWCP’s denial, would have created a conflict in medical 

opinion requiring further development, is not clear evidence of error and would not require a 

review of a case.19 

The Board finds that the evidence submitted is insufficient to shift the weight of the 

evidence in favor of appellant’s claim or raise a substantial question that OWCP erred in 

terminating appellant’s compensation benefits on the grounds that she no longer had a continuing 

employment-related disability. Therefore, the Board finds that appellant has not presented clear 

evidence of error. 

On appeal, appellant argues that the referral physician was referred, provided an 

erroneous opinion and his examination was inadequate. She argued that all he did was put her on 

the table, asked her to lift and bend her legs, stand and touch her toes, which she indicated that 

she was unable to do. Appellant noted that there were no x-rays or other tests to determine her 

physical condition. However, as noted, the Board does not have jurisdiction over the merits of 

her claim. Furthermore, appellant did not submit evidence on reconsideration that showed clear 

evidence of error by OWCP in its January 17, 2008 decision. She also submitted additional 

evidence with her appeal. The Board cannot consider this evidence, however, as its review of 

the case is limited to the evidence of record which was before OWCP at the time of its final 

decision.20 

CONCLUSION 

The Board finds that OWCP properly refused to reopen appellant’s claim for 

reconsideration of the merits on the grounds that it was untimely filed and failed to demonstrate 

clear evidence of error. 

                                                             18 Supra note 7. 

19 Annie L. Billingsley, 50 ECAB 210 (1998). 

20 See 20 C.F.R. § 501.2(c)(1). 
6

ORDER 

IT IS HEREBY ORDERED THAT the April 8, 2015 decision of the Office of 

Workers’ Compensation Programs is affirmed. 

Issued: March 18, 2016 

Washington, DC 

 

 Patricia H. Fitzgerald, Deputy Chief Judge 

 Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board 

 

 Colleen Duffy Kiko, Judge 

 Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board 

 

 Valerie D. Evans-Harrell, Alternate Judge 

 Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board