United States Department of Labor 

Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board 

__________________________________________ 

J.M., Appellant 

and 

U.S. POSTAL SERVICE, POST OFFICE, 

Windsor, NY, Employer 

__________________________________________ 

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Docket No. 15-1009 

Issued: October 23, 2015 

Appearances: Case Submitted on the Record

Alan J. Shapiro, Esq., for the appellant 

Office of Solicitor, for the Director 

DECISION AND ORDER 

Before: 

CHRISTOPHER J. GODFREY, Chief Judge 

PATRICIA H. FITZGERALD, Deputy Chief Judge 

JAMES A. HAYNES, Alternate Judge 

JURISDICTION 

On March 30, 2015 appellant, through counsel, filed a timely appeal of a January 23, 

2015 merit decision of the Office of Workers’ Compensation Programs (OWCP). Pursuant to 

the Federal Employees’ Compensation Act1

 (FECA) and 20 C.F.R. §§ 501.2(c) and 501.3, the 

Board has jurisdiction over the merits of this case. 

ISSUE 

The issue is whether appellant has met his burden of proof to establish that he sustained 

an occupational disease in the performance of duty. 

FACTUAL HISTORY 

On June 7, 2013 appellant then a 56-year-old rural letter carrier filed an occupational 

disease claim (Form CA-2), alleging that he developed right shoulder, arm, and elbow pain as a 

result of repetitive motion in casing and delivering mail. He first became aware of his condition 

 

 1 5 U.S.C. §§ 8101-8193. 
2

on March 5, 2013 and first realized it was causally related to his employment on May 24, 2013. 

Appellant did not stop work. 

In an accompanying narrative statement, appellant noted experiencing right shoulder pain 

radiating down to his elbow which his physician believed to be caused by repetitive casing and 

delivering of mail with his right arm. He noted working three hours a day casing mail and four 

hours a day delivering mail. Appellant sought treatment for his right shoulder and arm on 

March 5, 2013 when the pain became intolerable. 

Mario Mughetti, the postmaster, noted in a June 6, 2013 e-mail that appellant owned and 

operated a snowplowing business for over 20 years which required him to lift 80-pound bags of 

salt. He further noted that appellant was a volunteer fireman and split firewood for personal use 

and for sale. In a June 13, 2013 statement, Mr. Mughetti noted first learning of appellant’s 

shoulder issue on June 6, 2013 when appellant submitted a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) 

scan report. He advised that appellant’s route required him to work 11 days in a two-week 

period. Mr. Mughetti delivered mail to 533 mailboxes and made 521 stops along a route that 

was 71.16 miles. He noted that appellant cased mail approximately one to one and a half hours 

per workday and delivered mail for four to six hours per workday. 

Appellant was treated by Dr. Kwabena Boakye, a Board-certified family practitioner, on 

May 14 and 24, 2013 for worsening right shoulder pain. He reported working at the employing 

establishment in a job that required lifting. Dr. Boakye diagnosed right shoulder pain and partial 

tears in the infraspinatus and subscapularis. On June 10, 2013 appellant reported performing 

work duties which required lifting, pushing, and daily use of the upper extremity. Dr. Boakye 

noted that a recent MRI scan revealed a partial tear in the tendon of the infraspinatus, 

subscapularis, and teres minor muscle with tendinosis. He opined that normally these changes 

were seen with chronic usage and stress on the joints. Dr. Boakye opined that appellant’s job at 

the employing establishment “puts him at high risk for these kinds of injuries.” A May 20, 2013 

right shoulder MRI scan showed an incomplete full thickness tear of the anterior supraspinatus 

tendon with partial retraction. Also noted were partial tears of the infraspinatus, subscapularis, 

and teres minor tendons as well as long head biceps tendinosis. 

In a letter dated June 25, 2013, OWCP advised appellant of the type of evidence needed 

to establish his claim. It particularly requested that he submit a physician’s reasoned opinion 

addressing the relationship of his claimed condition and specific work factors. 

Appellant submitted a June 26, 2013 report from Dr. Joseph Choi, a Board-certified 

orthopedist, who treated him for right shoulder pain. Dr. Choi noted that appellant was a rural 

mail carrier and had shoulder pain while working. He noted right shoulder findings of no 

atrophy, minimal crepitus, intact sensation, limited range of motion, and a positive impingement 

test. An x-ray revealed osteoarthritis of the shoulder. Dr. Choi diagnosed right rotator cuff tear 

refractory to conservative treatment. He recommended a right shoulder rotator cuff tear repair. 

In a June 26, 2013 attending physician’s report, Dr. Choi diagnosed right rotator cuff tear and 

noted with a checkmark “yes” that appellant’s condition was caused or aggravated by work 

activity. He recommended surgery and returned appellant to work full duty. In a duty status 

report dated June 26, 2013, Dr. Choi diagnosed rotator cuff tear and noted that appellant could 

return to work full time with a lifting restriction. On July 11, 2013 he diagnosed right shoulder 
3

rotator cuff tear. Dr. Choi opined that appellant’s shoulder pain was the result of repetitive 

activity of delivering mail. He noted that appellant did not have a prior shoulder injury and has 

failed conservative treatment. On July 24, 2013 Dr. Choi reported treating appellant on June 26, 

2013 and releasing him to work without restrictions. 

In an undated statement, appellant reiterated that his letter carrier activities contributed to 

his right shoulder condition and required use of his right arm to case and deliver mail to over 500 

mailboxes on a 71-mile route. He noted repetitive motion while spending three hours a day 

casing mail and four hours delivering mail. In an undated statement, appellant noted working as 

a chief and incident commander for a volunteer fire company doing administrative paperwork, 

driving a firetruck, and operating water pump controls at fire calls. He reported making 50 calls 

a year which last from one half hour to three to eight hours. Appellant noted having a 

snowplowing business serving 30 homes and a church parking lot and a salting service where he 

would lift approximately six 50-pound bags of salt. He stated that the snowplow was a push 

button operation. Appellant noted between 2008 and 2010 that he and a friend split logs and 

used the wood to heat his home and those of friends. 

On July 11, 2013 the employing establishment controverted the claim. A human resource 

specialist noted outside of his carrier job appellant worked as a fire chief, operated a 

snowplowing business, and cut fire wood. He stated that appellant was not providing an accurate 

history of injury as his physicians did not note the outside activities in their reports. 

In an August 5, 2013 decision, OWCP denied the claim finding that the medical evidence 

was insufficient to establish that the claimed condition was causally related to his employment.2

 

Appellant submitted a state workers’ compensation form report from Dr. Boakye dated 

April 16, 2013. Dr. Boakye diagnosed pain in the shoulder joint and sleep apnea. A June 6, 

2013 x-ray revealed no evidence of acute abnormality of the right shoulder. 

Appellant was treated by Dr. Shoaib Asgher, a Board-certified family physician, on 

June 17, 2013 for a right shoulder injury sustained at work. He reported working as a letter 

carrier sorting and delivering mail. Dr. Asgher noted that appellant did not have a specific injury 

but noted this “could be” from repetitive movement while working at the employing 

establishment and during delivery. He diagnosed supraspinatus tendon tear. 

On March 3, 2014 appellant requested reconsideration. In support of his request, he 

submitted reports from Dr. Choi. On July 25, 2013 Dr. Choi saw appellant for a preoperative 

right shoulder evaluation for a torn rotator cuff. On August 9, 2013 he performed a right 

shoulder arthroscopic subacromial decompression and right shoulder arthroscopic rotator cuff 

tear repair. Dr. Choi diagnosed right shoulder massive rotator cuff tear. In reports dated 

August 26 to December 3, 2013, he treated appellant for a right shoulder rotator cuff tear repair. 

Dr. Choi diagnosed status post rotator cuff repair. On February 12, 2014 he noted that appellant 

was a mail carrier and began to have right shoulder pain while delivering mail. Dr. Choi 

 2

 On December 30, 2013 appellant appealed to the Board. On February 21, 2014 he requested withdrawal of his 

appeal. In an order dated March 13, 2014, the Board dismissed appellant’s appeal. Docket No. 14-0500 (issued 

March 13, 2014). 
4

diagnosed right shoulder rotator cuff tear. He noted that appellant’s extracurricular activities 

included being a volunteer firefighter, snowplowing, and preparing wood to heat his home. 

Dr. Choi opined that appellant’s shoulder injuries were the result of the work he did as a mail 

carrier. He noted that appellant had no prior shoulder pain with other activities and reported his 

shoulder started to hurt him while delivering mail. Dr. Choi noted repetitive motion at the 

shoulder level or above can cause a rotator cuff tear. He stated that the imaging studies, 

intraoperative findings, and the resolution of symptoms after fixation suggest this was the reason 

behind his shoulder pain. 

In a decision dated June 4, 2014, OWCP denied modification of the prior decision.3

 

On November 5, 2014 appellant requested reconsideration. He submitted a 

September 15, 2014 report from Dr. Choi who noted that appellant was a rural carrier who 

reported his shoulder pain was from repetitive work delivering mail. Appellant noted no prior 

shoulder issues. Dr. Choi noted that appellant’s injury was symptomatic and refractory to 

conservative care. He opined that the facts of this injury were the direct and proximate cause of 

the diagnosis based on reasonable medical probability. Dr. Choi noted “there may be other 

causes for this medical problem, but one of the causes is clearly the activities of work described 

above.” 

In a decision dated January 23, 2015, OWCP denied modification of the prior decision. 

LEGAL PRECEDENT 

An employee seeking benefits under FECA has the burden of proof to establish the 

essential elements of his or her claim. When an employee claims that he or she sustained an 

injury in the performance of duty, he or she must submit sufficient evidence to establish that he 

or she experienced a specific event, incident or exposure occurring at the time, place, and in the 

manner alleged. Appellant must also establish that such event, incident, or exposure caused an 

injury.4

To establish that an injury was sustained in the performance of duty in an occupational 

disease claim, a claimant must submit the following: (1) medical evidence establishing the 

presence or existence of the disease or condition for which compensation is claimed; (2) factual 

statement identifying employment factors alleged to have caused or contributed to the presence 

or occurrence of the disease or condition; and (3) medical evidence establishing that the 

employment factors identified by the claimant were the proximate cause of the condition for 

which compensation is claimed or, stated differently, medical evidence establishing that the 

diagnosed condition is causally related to the employment factors identified by the claimant. 

The medical evidence required to establish causal relationship is generally rationalized medical 

 3

 On August 14, 2014 appellant appealed to the Board. On September 22, 2014 he requested that his appeal be 

withdrawn. In an order dated October 31, 2014, the Board dismissed appellant’s appeal. Docket No. 14-1808 

(issued October 31, 2014). 

4 See Walter D. Morehead, 31 ECAB 188, 194 (1979) (occupational disease or illness); Max Haber, 19 ECAB 

243, 247 (1967) (traumatic injury). See generally John J. Carlone, 41 ECAB 354 (1989); Elaine Pendleton, 40 

ECAB 1143 (1989). 
5

opinion evidence. Rationalized medical opinion evidence is medical evidence which includes a 

physician’s rationalized opinion on the issue of whether there is a causal relationship between the 

claimant’s diagnosed condition and the implicated employment factors. The opinion of the 

physician must be based on a complete factual and medical background of the claimant, must be 

one of reasonable medical certainty, and must be supported by medical rationale explaining the 

nature of the relationship between the diagnosed condition and the specific employment factors 

identified by the claimant.5

ANALYSIS 

It is not disputed that appellant’s work duties as a rural carrier included casing and 

delivering mail. 

OWCP denied appellant’s claim for compensation as the medical evidence was 

insufficient to establish that appellant’s medical condition of right arm condition causally related 

to his employment. However, the Board notes that the medical evidence submitted by appellant 

generally supports appellant’s claim. Specifically, the February 12, 2014 report from Dr. Choi 

noted that appellant was a mail carrier and began to have right shoulder pain while delivering 

mail. Dr. Choi diagnosed right shoulder rotator cuff tear. He opined that appellant’s shoulder 

injuries were the result of the work he did as a mail carrier. Dr. Choi noted that appellant 

reported his shoulder started to hurt him while delivering mail and he noted repetitive motion at 

the shoulder level or above can cause a rotator cuff tear. He also had an accurate history of the 

activities performed by appellant outside of his federal employment including work as a 

volunteer firefighter, snowplowing, and preparing wood to heat his home. Dr. Choi considered 

these outside factors when rendering his medical opinion. He stated that the imaging studies, 

intraoperative findings, and the resolution of symptoms after fixation suggest activities 

associated with delivering mail are the reason behind his shoulder pain. Although Dr. Choi’s 

opinion is not sufficiently rationalized to carry appellant’s burden of proof in establishing his 

claim, it stands uncontroverted in the record and is, therefore, sufficient to require further 

development of the case by OWCP.6

In view of the above evidence OWCP should have referred the matter to an appropriate 

medical specialist to determine whether appellant may have sustained right shoulder, arm, and 

elbow pain as a result of his employment duties. 

Proceedings under FECA are not adversary in nature nor is OWCP a disinterested arbiter. 

While the claimant has the burden to establish entitlement to compensation, OWCP shares 

responsibility in the development of the evidence. It has the obligation to see that justice is 

done.7

Therefore, the Board finds that the case must be remanded to OWCP for preparation of a 

statement of accepted facts concerning appellant’s working conditions and referral of the matter 

 5 Solomon Polen, 51 ECAB 341 (2000). 

6 John J. Carlone, 41 ECAB 354 (1989); Horace Langhorne, 29 ECAB 820 (1978). 

7 John W. Butler, 39 ECAB 852 (1988). 
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to an appropriate medical specialist, consistent with OWCP procedures, to determine whether 

appellant may have sustained right shoulder, arm, and elbow pain as a result of performing his 

employment duties. Following this, and any other further development as deemed necessary, 

OWCP shall issue an appropriate merit decision on appellant’s claim. 

CONCLUSION 

The Board finds that this case is not in posture for decision. 

ORDER 

IT IS HEREBY ORDERED THAT the decision of the Office of Workers’ 

Compensation Programs dated January 23, 2015 is set aside and the case is remanded for further 

development in accordance with this decision of the Board. 

Issued: October 23, 2015 

Washington, DC 

 

 Christopher J. Godfrey, Chief Judge 

 Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board 

 

 Patricia H. Fitzgerald, Deputy Chief Judge 

 Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board 

 

 James A. Haynes, Alternate Judge 

 Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board