United States Department of Labor 

Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board 

__________________________________________ 

M.H., Appellant 

and 

U.S. POSTAL SERVICE, POST OFFICE, 

Hartford, CT, Employer 

__________________________________________ 

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Docket No. 15-0849 

Issued: July 22, 2016 

Appearances: Case Submitted on the Record

William J. Nulsen, Esq., for the appellant1

Office of Solicitor, for the Director 

DECISION AND ORDER 

Before: 

CHRISTOPHER J. GODFREY, Chief Judge 

ALEC J. KOROMILAS, Alternate Judge 

VALERIE D. EVANS-HARRELL, Alternate Judge 

JURISDICTION 

On March 10, 2015 appellant, through counsel, filed a timely appeal from November 17 

and December 11, 2014 merit decisions and a February 18, 2015 nonmerit decision of the Office 

of Workers’ Compensation Programs (OWCP). Pursuant to the Federal Employees’ 

Compensation Act2

 (FECA) and 20 C.F.R. §§ 501.2(c) and 501.3, the Board has jurisdiction over 

the merits of this case.3

 1

 In all cases in which a representative has been authorized in a matter before the Board, no claim for a fee for 

legal or other service performed on appeal before the Board is valid unless approved by the Board. 20 C.F.R. 

§ 501.9(e). No contract for a stipulated fee or on a contingent fee basis will be approved by the Board. Id. An 

attorney or representative’s collection of a fee without the Board’s approval may constitute a misdemeanor, subject 

to fine or imprisonment for up to one year or both. Id.; see also 18 U.S.C. § 292. Demands for payment of fees to a 

representative, prior to approval by the Board, may be reported to appropriate authorities for investigation. 

2

 5 U.S.C. § 8101 et seq.

3

 Appellant timely requested an oral argument. By order dated April 1, 2016, the Board denied her request for an 

oral argument finding that her arguments on appeal could adequately be addressed in a decision based on a review of 

the case record. Docket No. 15-0849 (issued April 1, 2016). 
2

ISSUES 

The issues are: (1) whether appellant has established that her lumbar condition was 

causally related to the accepted August 12, 2014 employment incident; and (2) whether OWCP 

properly denied further merit review of appellant’s case pursuant to 5 U.S.C. § 8128(a). 

FACTUAL HISTORY 

On August 19, 2014 appellant, then a 61-year-old rural carrier associate, filed a traumatic 

injury claim (Form CA-1) alleging that on August 12, 2014 she sustained an injury to her back 

when she lifted a flat sequencing system (FSS) tray. She stopped work on August 13, 2014 and 

returned to light duty on August 18, 2014. 

In an August 19, 2014 statement, Tyrone N. Tutko, the closing supervisor for the 

employing establishment, explained that on August 12, 2014 appellant mentioned to him that she 

had dropped to her knees when she tried to pick up a yellow FSS tray. He noted that he called 

her later that night because he needed a rural carrier for Wednesday, but she informed him that 

she could not work and was going to see a physician the next day. 

Appellant was initially examined by Dr. Richard Slater, a Board-certified internist, who 

provided duty status reports, CA-17 forms, dated August 20 and 29, 2014, which indicated that 

on August 12, 2014 appellant injured her back when she picked up a yellow FFS tray. He noted 

examination findings of lower left lumbar sciatica with left leg numbness and a diagnosis of 

lumbar sprain. Appellant was advised not to return to work. In an August 21, 2014 employer 

injury status report, Dr. Slater related a date of injury of August 12, 2014 and noted that 

appellant had left sciatic notch. He authorized appellant to return to modified duty with 

restrictions of no bending and no lifting more than 10 pounds. 

On August 21, 2014 OWCP received a letter from Sean Cummings, appellant’s 

supervisor, controverting appellant’s claim. Mr. Cummings related that when she returned from 

completing her route on August 12, 2014 she informed him that she experienced pain when she 

grabbed an FSS tray. When he asked appellant if she was okay, however, she replied that she 

was not injured and refused medical treatment. Mr. Cummings described how over the 

following days she informed management that she would not be at work until August 18, 2014, 

and that she needed a Form CA-1. He related that since he transferred to the employing 

establishment appellant had consistently complained of back pain. Mr. Cummings pointed out 

that even though the alleged injury occurred around 8:00 a.m. on August 12, 2014 appellant was 

able to complete her route on August 12 and 18, 2014. 

By letter dated October 7, 2014, OWCP advised appellant that the evidence submitted 

was insufficient to establish her claim. It requested that she submit additional factual evidence to 

demonstrate that the employment incident occurred as alleged and medical evidence to support 

that she sustained a diagnosed condition as a result of the alleged incident. Appellant was 

afforded 30 days to submit this evidence. 

Appellant continued to receive medical treatment from Dr. Slater. In September 10 

and 24, 2014 workers’ compensation follow-up notes, he reported a date of injury of August 13, 
3

2014 and related that appellant sustained a lower back injury. He provided examination findings 

which are illegible and indicated that appellant returned to work on August 18, 2014. In duty 

status reports dated September 10 to October 10, 2014, Dr. Slater related that on August 12, 2014 

she injured her back when picking up a yellow FSS tray. He reported examination findings of 

lower lumbar sciatica and left leg numbness and diagnosed lumbar strain. Appellant was advised 

to resume modified duty on August 18, 2014. She also submitted physical therapy records dated 

October 2 to 30, 2014. 

On October 7, 2014 the employing establishment informed appellant via a letter that her 

continuation of pay (COP) benefits had expired on September 26, 2014. It advised her that if she 

wanted to continue to receive wage-loss compensation benefits she must file a (Form CA-7) at 

the close of each pay period. 

In an October 9, 2014 attending physician’s report (Form CA-20), Dr. Slater reiterated 

that on August 12, 2014 appellant injured her low back when picking up a yellow FSS tray. He 

indicated that she had a preexisting injury of scoliosis and facet joint degenerative changes. 

Dr. Slater reported findings of left sacroiliac joint pain with numbness radiating to the left leg. 

He diagnosed lumbar radiculitis. Dr. Slater checked a box marked “yes” that appellant’s 

condition was caused or aggravated by an employment activity, but provided no explanation. He 

described the medical treatment he provided and dates of examination. Dr. Slater indicated that 

appellant could resume light work on August 18, 2014 with restrictions of no lifting more than 

10 pounds, no bending and kneeling, and standing for only four to eight hours. 

On October 17, 2014 appellant filed a claim for wage-loss compensation (Form CA-7) 

for the period September 27 to October 10, 2014. 

By letter dated November 3, 2014, appellant described that on August 12, 2014 at 8:00 

a.m. she picked up a tray of FSS flats, but the weight shifted and caused her to fall on her knees. 

She related that she told Mr. Cummings right away, but he completely ignored her and never 

offered medical attention. Appellant explained that she was able to finish her mail route and did 

not feel any immediate effects, but she started to experience severe back pain when she returned 

home. She noted that she first sought treatment on August 13, 2014 from Dr. Slater. Appellant 

reported that she had experienced similar lower back pain on December 18, 2012. She 

mentioned that her physician recommended that she work light duty beginning August 18, 2014 

for two weeks, but the employing establishment ignored his orders. 

In a decision dated November 17, 2014, OWCP denied appellant’s claim. It accepted 

that the August 12, 2014 incident occurred as alleged and that she sustained a diagnosed back 

condition, but denied her claim because the medical evidence failed to establish that her medical 

condition was causally related to the accepted incident. 

On December 1, 2014 OWCP received appellant’s request for reconsideration. 

Appellant resubmitted Dr. Slater’s October 9, 2014 attending physician’s report (Form 

CA-20) with revisions. He checked a box marked “yes” that her condition was caused or 

aggravated by her employment and explained that her condition was aggravated by repetitive 
4

lifting of 35 pounds, truncal twisting while holding 35 pounds, and bending then lifting 35-pound 

trays. Appellant also resubmitted the October 9, 2014 duty status report. 

By decision dated December 11, 2014, OWCP denied modification of the November 17, 

2014 decision. 

On December 26, 2014 OWCP received appellant’s reconsideration request. Appellant 

resubmitted Dr. Slater’s October 9, 2014 attending physician’s report and duty status reports 

dated August 20 to October 8, 2014. 

Appellant also provided October 23 and November 6, 2014 duty status reports by 

Dr. Slater, which mentioned that on August 12, 2014 appellant strained her back when she 

picked up a yellow FSS tray. He described clinical findings of left paralumbar pain and left 

sciatic notch. Appellant was advised to return to modified duty on August 18, 2014. 

In a decision dated February 18, 2015, OWCP denied further merit review of appellant’s 

claim finding that her request did not meet any of the requirements warranting merit review 

under 5 U.S.C. § 8128(a). 

LEGAL PRECEDENT -- ISSUE 1 

An employee seeking benefits under FECA4 has the burden of proof to establish the 

essential elements of his or her claim by the weight of the reliable, probative, and substantial 

evidence5 including that he or she sustained an injury in the performance of duty and that any 

specific condition or disability for work for which he or she claims compensation is causally 

related to that employment injury.6

To determine whether a federal employee has sustained a traumatic injury in the 

performance of duty, it first must be determined whether “fact of injury” has been established.7 

There are two components involved in establishing the fact of injury. First, the employee must 

submit sufficient evidence to establish that he or she actually experienced the employment 

incident at the time, place, and in the manner alleged.8

 Second, the employee must submit 

evidence, generally only in the form of probative medical evidence, to establish that the 

employment incident caused a personal injury.9

 An employee may establish that the 

 4 Supra note 1. 

5 J.P., 59 ECAB 178 (2007); Joseph M. Whelan, 20 ECAB 55, 58 (1968). 

6 G.T., 59 ECAB 447 (2008); Elaine Pendleton, 40 ECAB 1143, 1145 (1989). 

7 S.P., 59 ECAB 184 (2007); Alvin V. Gadd, 57 ECAB 172 (2005). 

8 Bonnie A. Contreras, 57 ECAB 364 (2006); Edward C. Lawrence, 19 ECAB 442 (1968). 

9

 David Apgar, 57 ECAB 137 (2005); John J. Carlone, 41 ECAB 354 (1989). 
5

employment incident occurred as alleged, but fail to show that his or her disability or condition 

relates to the employment incident.10

Whether an employee sustained an injury requires the submission of rationalized medical 

opinion evidence.11 The opinion of the physician must be based on a complete factual and 

medical background of the employee, must be one of reasonable medical certainty, and must be 

supported by medical rationale explaining the nature of the relationship between the diagnosed 

condition and the specific employment factors identified by the employee.12 The weight of the 

medical evidence is determined by its reliability, its probative value, its convincing quality, the 

care of analysis manifested, and the medical rationale expressed in support of the physician’s 

opinion.13

ANALYSIS -- ISSUE 1 

Appellant alleged that on August 12, 2014 she sustained a back injury as a result of 

lifting an FSS tray in the performance of duty. OWCP accepted that the August 12, 2014 

incident occurred as alleged and that she was diagnosed with acute lumbar sprain and lumbar 

radiculitis, but denied her claim finding that the medical evidence failed to establish that her 

diagnosed medical condition was causally related to the August 12, 2014 employment incident. 

The Board finds that appellant has not met her burden of proof to establish that her back 

condition resulted from the accepted employment incident. 

Dr. Slater treated appellant and completed an attending physician’s report dated 

October 9, 2014. He noted that on August 12, 2014 she picked up a yellow FSS tray at work and 

injured her low back. Dr. Slater related that appellant had a history of scoliosis and facet joint 

degenerative changes in her lumbar spine. He reported examination findings and diagnosed 

lumbar radiculitis. Dr. Slater checked a box marked “yes” that appellant’s condition was caused 

or aggravated by an employment activity. He explained that the condition was aggravated by 

repetitive lifting of 35 pounds, truncal twisting while holding 35 pounds, and bending then lifting 

35-pound trays. 

Although Dr. Slater noted a date of injury of August 12, 2014 and described a lifting 

incident he also attributed appellant’s lumbar condition to her repetitive employment duties, 

specifically lifting, twisting, and bending. The Board notes, however, that he failed to clearly 

explain the causal relationship between her lumbar condition and the August 12, 2014 

employment incident. Instead, Dr. Slater related the cause of appellant’s condition to both an 

August 12, 2014 injury and to repetitive employment duties. The Board finds that because his 

opinion is vague and equivocal on the issue of causal relationship it is of diminished probative 

value and fails to establish her claim.14 The Board has held that in a traumatic injury claim a 

 10 T.H., 59 ECAB 388 (2008); see also Roma A. Mortenson-Kindschi, 57 ECAB 418 (2006). 

11 See J.Z., 58 ECAB 529 (2007); Paul E. Thams, 56 ECAB 503 (2005). 

12 I.J., 59 ECAB 408 (2008); Victor J. Woodhams, 41 ECAB 465 (2005). 

13 James Mack, 43 ECAB 321 (1991). 

14 D.D., 57 ECAB 734, 738 (2006); Kathy A. Kelley, 55 ECAB 206 (2004). 
6

physician must provide a narrative description of the identified employment incident and a 

reasoned opinion on whether the employment incident described caused or contributed to 

appellant’s diagnosed medical condition.15 Because Dr. Slater has not provided such a reasoned 

opinion in this case, his report is insufficient to establish her claim. 

Dr. Slater also provided several CA-17 form reports dated August 20 to November 6, 

2014 and follow-up notes dated September 10 and 24, 2014, which indicated a date of injury of 

August 12, 2014. Dr. Slater described that appellant strained her back when she picked up a 

yellow FSS tray. He reported clinical findings of left paralumbar pain, lower lumbar sciatica, 

left sciatic notch, and left leg numbness. Dr. Slater diagnosed lumbar strain. He indicated with 

an affirmative mark that the diagnosed condition was caused by the described employment 

incident. The Board has held, however, that when a physician’s opinion on causal relationship 

consists only of checking a box marked “yes” to a form question, without more by way of 

rationale, that opinion has little probative value and is insufficient to establish causal 

relationship.16 These reports, therefore, also fail to establish appellant’s claim. 

On appeal, appellant alleges that the attending physician’s report dated October 9, 2014 

contained a rationalized medical opinion which established causal relationship. As found above, 

however, Dr. Slater’s October 9, 2014 attending physician’s report is of diminished probative 

value and fails to establish a causal relationship between appellant’s lumbar condition and the 

August 12, 2014 employment incident. The issue of causal relationship is a medical question 

that must be established by probative medical opinion from a physician.17 Because appellant did 

not submit such probative medical evidence, she has failed to establish her claim. 

Appellant may submit new evidence or argument with a written request for 

reconsideration to OWCP within one year of this merit decision, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. § 8128(a) 

and 20 C.F.R. §§ 10.605 through 10.607. 

LEGAL PRECEDENT -- ISSUE 2 

Section 8128(a) of FECA vests OWCP with discretionary authority to determine whether 

to review an award for or against compensation. The Secretary of Labor may review an award 

for or against payment of compensation at any time on his own motion or on application.18 

To require OWCP to reopen a case for merit review pursuant to FECA, the claimant must 

provide evidence or an argument that: (1) shows that OWCP erroneously applied or interpreted 

a specific point of law; (2) advances a relevant legal argument not previously considered by 

 15 John W. Montoya, 54 ECAB 306 (2003). 

16 See T.C., Docket No. 15-1534 (issued March 1, 2016). 

17 W.W., Docket No. 09-1619 (issued June 2, 2010); David Apgar, supra note 9. 

18 5 U.S.C. § 8128(a). 
7

OWCP; or (3) constitutes relevant and pertinent new evidence not previously considered by 

OWCP.19 

A request for reconsideration must also be received by OWCP within one year of the date 

of OWCP’s decision for which review is sought.20 If OWCP chooses to grant reconsideration, it 

reopens and reviews the case on its merits.21 If the request is timely, but fails to meet at least one 

of the requirements for reconsideration, OWCP will deny the request for reconsideration without 

reopening the case for review on the merits.22

ANALYSIS -- ISSUE 2 

In decisions dated November 17 and December 11, 2014, OWCP denied appellant’s 

traumatic injury claim finding that the evidence did not establish that her lumbar condition was 

causally related to the accepted August 12, 2014 employment incident. On December 26, 2014 it 

received her request for reconsideration. In a decision dated February 18, 2015, OWCP denied 

further merit review pursuant to 5 U.S.C. § 8128(a). The Board finds that OWCP properly 

refused to reopen appellant’s case for further consideration of the merits of her claim under 5 

U.S.C. § 8128(a). 

Appellant did not submit any evidence to show that OWCP erroneously applied or 

interpreted a specific point of law; she did not advance a relevant legal argument not previously 

considered by OWCP; and she did not submit relevant and pertinent new evidence not previously 

considered by OWCP. 

Along with her reconsideration request, appellant provided additional medical reports, 

including a September 24, 2014 workers’ compensation note and October 23 and November 6, 

2014 duty status reports by unknown providers, which described the August 12, 2014 

employment incident and her back symptoms. These reports do not constitute competent 

medical evidence as it is unclear that they were prepared by physicians. Thus, they are not 

relevant to the medical issue of whether appellant has established a lumbar condition causally 

related to the August 12, 2014 employment incident.23 She also submitted an August 29, 2014 

injury status note by Dr. Slater, which noted the August 12, 2014 date of injury and 

recommended that she return to modified duty. Although this medical report was not previously 

considered by OWCP, it is substantially similar and duplicative of evidence previously 

considered and reviewed by OWCP. This medical report merely referenced the date of injury 

and described examination findings, as had previously submitted medical reports. The Board has 

held that evidence or argument that repeats or duplicates evidence previously of record has no 

 19 20 C.F.R. § 10.606(b)(3); see also L.G., Docket No. 09-1517 (issued March 3, 2010); C.N., Docket No. 08-

1569 (issued December 9, 2008). 

20 Id. at § 10.607(a). 

21 Id. at § 10.608(a); see also M.S., 59 ECAB 231 (2007). 

22 Id. at § 10.608(b)(3); E.R., Docket No. 09-1655 (issued March 18, 2010). 

23 See N.D., Docket No. 15-0027 (issued February 4, 2016); Merton J. Sills, 39 ECAB 572 (1988). 
8

evidentiary value and does not constitute a basis for reopening a case.24 As these medical reports 

do not constitute relevant new evidence, the Board finds that OWCP properly refused to reopen 

appellant’s case for further consideration of the merits of her claim under 5 U.S.C. § 8128(a). 

The Board finds that as appellant did not meet any of the necessary requirements for 

further consideration of the merits of her claim under 5 U.S.C. § 8128(a), OWCP properly 

denied further merit review of appellant’s traumatic injury claim. 

CONCLUSION 

The Board finds that appellant has failed to establish that her lumbar condition was 

causally related to the August 12, 2014 employment incident. The Board further finds that 

OWCP properly denied further merit review of her case pursuant to 5 U.S.C. § 8128(a). 

ORDER 

IT IS HEREBY ORDERED THAT the December 11 and November 17, 2014 merit 

decisions and a February 18, 2015 nonmerit decision of the Office of Workers’ Compensation 

Programs are affirmed. 

Issued: July 22, 2016 

Washington, DC 

 

 Christopher J. Godfrey, Chief Judge 

 Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board 

 

 Alec J. Koromilas, Alternate Judge 

 Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board 

 

 Valerie D. Evans-Harrell, Alternate Judge 

 Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board 

 24 E.M., Docket No. 09-39 (issued March 3, 2009).