United States Department of Labor 

Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board 

__________________________________________ 

R.H., Appellant 

and 

U.S. POSTAL SERVICE, POST OFFICE, 

Palatine, IL, Employer 

__________________________________________ 

) 

) 

) 

) 

) 

) 

) 

) 

Docket No. 16-1045 

Issued: December 6, 2016 

Appearances: Case Submitted on the Record

Appellant, pro se 

Office of Solicitor, for the Director 

DECISION AND ORDER 

Before: 

PATRICIA H. FITZGERALD, Deputy Chief Judge 

COLLEEN DUFFY KIKO, Judge 

VALERIE D. EVANS-HARRELL, Alternate Judge 

JURISDICTION 

On April 22, 2016 appellant filed a timely appeal from a March 29, 2016 merit decision 

of the Office of Workers’ Compensation Programs (OWCP). Pursuant to the Federal 

Employees’ Compensation Act1

 (FECA) and 20 C.F.R. §§ 501.2(c) and 501.3, the Board has 

jurisdiction over the merits of this case.2

ISSUE 

The issue is whether appellant met his burden of proof to establish permanent impairment 

of his right upper extremity causally related to his accepted October 7, 1991 employment injury. 

 1

 5 U.S.C. § 8101 et seq.

2

 The Board notes that appellant submitted additional evidence following the March 29, 2016 decision. Since the 

Board’s jurisdiction is limited to evidence that was before OWCP at the time it issued its final decision, the Board 

may not consider this evidence for the first time on appeal. See 20 C.F.R. § 501.2(c)(1); Sandra D. Pruitt, 57 ECAB 

126 (2005). 
2

FACTUAL HISTORY 

This case has previously been before the Board.3 The facts and circumstances of the case 

as set forth in the Board’s prior decision are incorporated herein by reference. The facts are set 

forth below. 

On October 8, 1991 appellant, then a 28-year-old part-time, flexible distribution clerk, 

filed a traumatic injury claim (Form CA-1) alleging that on October 7, 1991 he sustained a right 

shoulder dislocation when he slipped and fell in the performance of duty. He did not stop work. 

OWCP accepted appellant’s claim for right shoulder dislocation. On October 29, 1991 appellant 

underwent authorized right shoulder surgery and stopped work. OWCP paid wage-loss 

compensation benefits. Appellant accepted a full-duty job offer on July 29, 1992. 

On February 3, 2012 appellant filed a claim for a schedule award (Form CA-7). 

By letter dated February 27, 2012, OWCP requested that appellant provide a medical 

report from his treating physician with an opinion on whether he had reached maximum medical 

improvement (MMI) and whether he had a permanent impairment rating utilizing the American 

Medical Association, Guide to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment (A.M.A., Guides), 

(6th ed. 2009). 

Appellant thereafter submitted reports from Dr. James Judge, a Board-certified family 

practitioner. In reports dated March 9 and 27, and May 11, 2012, Dr. Judge related that 

appellant’s right shoulder had full range of motion with no tenderness. Deep tendon reflexes 

were positive bilaterally. Dr. Judge diagnosed superficial antebrachial neuritis. He related that 

appellant had been evaluated by his physical medicine and rehabilitation (PMR) department 

chair and was found to have 10 percent permanent impairment of the right shoulder according to 

the sixth edition of the A.M.A., Guides. 

In a March 9, 2012 electromyography (EMG) and nerve conduction velocity (NCV) 

study report, Dr. Michael Merchut, a Board-certified psychiatrist and neurologist specializing in 

clinical neurophysiology, observed no compression at the wrist or elbow areas, muscular habitus, 

and intact sensation. He opined that appellant had normal findings without EMG/NCV evidence 

for a nerve or root lesion in the upper limbs. 

OWCP referred appellant to a medical adviser to review the evidence of record and 

provide an opinion as to whether he attained MMI and sustained a permanent impairment 

according to the sixth edition of the A.M.A., Guides. By report dated June 4, 2012, Dr. David H. 

Garelick, a Board-certified orthopedic surgeon specializing in orthopedic sports medicine, 

reviewed the record and stated that while Dr. Judge related that appellant had 10 percent 

permanent impairment of the right upper extremity, the rating documentation was not available 

for review. He reported that, pursuant to Dr. Judge’s report, appellant’s right shoulder 

demonstrated full range of motion without any tenderness and no mention of weakness or 

residual instability. Dr. Garelick noted that an EMG study was normal without evidence for a 

nerve root or root lesion in the upper limbs. He opined that, given appellant’s normal strength 

 3

 Docket No. 15-1512 (issued October 22, 2015). 
3

and range of motion, there was no objective evidence to support any permanent impairment of 

the right upper extremity. Dr. Garelick explained that MMI was estimated to have occurred long 

ago, back in 1991 and 1992. Thus, he concluded that appellant had no ratable permanent 

impairment of the right upper extremity. 

In a July 18, 2013 decision, OWCP denied appellant’s claim for a schedule award. It 

found that the medical evidence of record failed to establish permanent impairment to his right 

upper extremity as a result of the October 7, 1991 employment injury. 

Appellant submitted a request for reconsideration, which was received by OWCP on 

July 30, 2013. 

Appellant submitted a May 9, 2012 report from Dr. Steve M. Gnatz, Board-certified in 

PMR. Dr. Gnatz explained that appellant had a long-standing mild right shoulder dysfunction 

after a work-related accident and subsequent surgical repair. He opined that appellant reached 

MMI and had 10 percent permanent impairment of the right shoulder according to the A.M.A., 

Guides. 

In a May 9, 2012 report, Dr. Stacey L. Hall, Board-certified in PMR, related appellant’s 

complaints of right shoulder pain and restricted range of motion. She opined that he had reached 

MMI, but the approximate date was unknown as this issue had been ongoing for 20 years. 

Dr. Hall diagnosed right shoulder pain and mildly restricted range of motion secondary to 

recurrent right shoulder dislocation. She determined that based on Table 15-5 of the sixth edition 

of the A.M.A., Guides, appellant was a class 1, mild grade C, 10 percent impairment rating. 

On August 22, 2013 OWCP referred appellant’s claim to another medical adviser for an 

impairment rating. In an August 25, 2013 report, Dr. Christopher Gross, a specialist in 

orthopedic surgery, stated that he reviewed appellant’s chart and Dr. Gnatz’ May 9, 2012 report. 

He related that appellant had a work-related disorder of closed dislocation of the right shoulder 

in 1991, which resulted in an open shoulder reconstruction. Dr. Gross reported that upon 

examination appellant currently had normal motion and muscle strength and pointed out that the 

May 9, 2012 examination was essentially normal. He stated that Dr. Garelick correctly utilized 

the A.M.A., Guides in his June 4, 2012 report when he determined that appellant had zero 

percent permanent impairment. Dr. Gross stated that the date of MMI was still not known at this 

point since he did not have the records from 1991 to 1992. 

On December 5, 2013 OWCP provided Dr. Gross the additional medical evidence he 

requested. It asked him to provide a date of MMI and permanent impairment rating under the 

sixth edition of the A.M.A., Guides. In an updated report, Dr. Gross discussed appellant’s 

history and noted that there was no documentation of any neurological injury and that a March 9, 

2012 EMG study was normal. Based on the Table 15-5, page 4, unidirectional shoulder 

instability +/- surgical treatment with no evidence of recurrent instability, he determined that 

appellant was a class 0 diagnosis with a zero percent permanent impairment. Dr. Gross stated 

that appellant currently has normal motion and muscle strength. After reviewing Dr. Garelick’s 

June 4, 2012 report, he opined that Dr. Garelick correctly utilized the A.M.A., Guides in 

assigning zero percent permanent impairment of the right upper extremity. Dr. Gross explained 

that physical examination findings were essentially normal and did not add additional 
4

information that was useful for the impairment rating. He reported that appellant’s date of MMI 

would likely have been when appellant returned to light duty on June 17, 1992. 

In a decision dated March 5, 2014, OWCP denied modification of the prior denial. It 

found that the medical evidence demonstrated that appellant was not entitled to a schedule award 

for permanent impairment of his right upper extremity. 

On November 12, 2014 OWCP received appellant’s request for reconsideration. 

Appellant submitted a November 6, 2014 report from Dr. Harold T. Pye, a specialist in 

preventive medicine. Dr. Pye provided an accurate history of the October 7, 1991 employment 

injury and reviewed appellant’s medical treatment for right shoulder dislocation. He noted that 

appellant slowly improved, but appellant still complained of persistent right shoulder pain and 

lack of range of motion even after surgery. Upon physical examination, Dr. Pye observed 

decreased active range of motion in forward flexion, abduction, and internal rotation. Sensory 

examination revealed intact to light touch in all upper extremity dermatomes. Deep tendon 

reflexes were 2+ brisk and symmetric at the wrist and elbow bilaterally. Dr. Pye noted that 

appellant had reached MMI. Referencing Table 15-5, page 404, of the A.M.A., Guides, he 

indicated that appellant was class 1 for unidirectional shoulder instability and concluded that 

appellant had 12 percent permanent impairment of the right upper extremity. 

In a March 9, 2015 report, Dr. Garelick, an OWCP medical adviser, reviewed Dr. Pye’s 

November 6, 2014 report and disagreed with his impairment rating. Dr. Pye noted that appellant 

demonstrated full range of motion without any tenderness, weakness, or instability of the right 

shoulder. He related that an EMG study was normal without any evidence for a nerve or root 

lesion in the upper limbs. Thus, Dr. Pye opined that appellant had zero percent permanent 

impairment of the right upper extremity. 

By decision dated March 30, 2015, OWCP denied modification of its prior decision. It 

relied on the March 9, 2015 report of Dr. Garelick, who determined that appellant had not 

sustained any impairment to his right shoulder as a result of the October 7, 1991 employment 

injury. 

Appellant appealed to the Board. By decision dated October 22, 2015, the Board set 

aside the March 30, 2015 OWCP decision.4

 The Board determined that a conflict in medical 

opinion existed between Dr. Pye, appellant’s treating physician, and Dr. Garelick, OWCP’s 

medical adviser, and remanded appellant’s schedule award claim to OWCP for referral to a 

referee medical examiner in order to resolve the conflict. 

On remand from the Board’s decision, OWCP referred the medical record, along with a 

statement of accepted facts, to Dr. Steven Mash, a Board-certified orthopedic surgeon and 

impartial medical examiner, for an examination and opinion regarding whether appellant 

 4 Supra note 3. 
5

sustained any permanent impairment to his right upper extremity as a result of the October 7, 

1991 employment injury.5 

In a February 5, 2016 report, Dr. Mash accurately described the October 7, 1991 

employment injury, reviewed appellant’s medical treatment and noted that appellant underwent 

surgery. He related that, since 1992, appellant had complained of aching discomfort daily and 

that he found it difficult to reach overhead in his work. Upon examination, Dr. Mash observed 

subjective complaints of discomfort and reported an otherwise normal shoulder examination. He 

noted no swelling, warmth, erythema, ecchymosis, deformity, and atrophy. Range of motion 

examination was normal except for complaints of discomfort at the end of the range of motion, 

especially with overhead reaching. Impingement, acromioclavicular (AC) tenderness, 

Apprehension, and Speed tests were negative. Dr. Mash diagnosed status post Bristow 

reconstruction for recurrent dislocating shoulder and indicated that appellant had reached MMI. 

He explained that the A.M.A., Guides used objective findings on examination and noted that all 

of appellant’s findings were subjective. 

Dr. Mash referenced Table 15-5, page 404, for unilateral shoulder instability and 

assigned a class 0 rating because appellant had no findings of instability. He pointed out that 

prior examiners who opined that appellant had 10 to 12 percent impairment would have to use a 

diagnosis of grade 1 instability or subluxing humeral head even though appellant did not 

demonstrate these findings. Dr. Mash indicated that he agreed with Dr. Garelick’s assessment 

that appellant did not have any permanent impairment to his right upper extremity causally 

related to his accepted October 7, 1991 employment injury. 

Dr. Mash explained that he could also use a different diagnosis and approach with Table 

15-5, page 401, for shoulder pain. He assigned appellant a class 1 injury for a history of painful 

injury with residual symptoms without consistent objective findings. Dr. Mash noted that 

appellant had a QuickDASH score of 27, which translated to a functional history grade modifier 

of 3. He further indicated that appellant had a physical examination grade modifier of 1 due to 

minimal palpatory findings. Dr. Mash reported that appellant had a clinical studies grade 

modifier of 1 because x-ray examination revealed surgical changes secondary to prior surgery. 

He applied the Net Adjustment Formula for a net adjustment of -2. Dr. Mash concluded that 

appellant was a class 1, grade A, for 0 percent impairment of the upper extremity under Table 

15-5. He reported that appellant had class 0 impairment regardless if one chose to evaluate 

appellant in the traditional way with objective findings of instability or if one evaluated appellant 

based on appellant’s subjective complaints. 

On March 19, 2016 Dr. Jovito Estaris, Board-certified in occupational medicine and 

surgery and an OWCP medical adviser, reviewed appellant’s medical record, including 

Dr. Mash’s February 5, 2016 impartial medical report, and concurred with his opinion of a date 

of MMI of February 5, 2016. He opined that Dr. Mash correctly applied the tables in the sixth 

edition of the A.M.A., Guides except for one computation with the diagnosis of shoulder pain. 

Dr. Estaris noted that Dr. Mash incorrectly used 3 for Class of Diagnosis (CDX) and 1 for 

functional history grade modifier when computing the net adjustment, but he indicated that the 

 5

 The Board notes that OWCP initially referred appellant to Dr. Kenneth Sanders, a Board-certified orthopedic 

surgeon, but rescheduled appellant with Dr. Mash in the same medical group. 
6

error did not affect the outcome because appellant’s impairment rating should be based on a 

diagnosis of shoulder dislocation. He agreed with Dr. Mash’s impairment rating of zero percent 

impairment of the right upper extremity. 

In a March 29, 2016 decision, OWCP denied appellant’s schedule award claim, finding 

that he had zero percent permanent impairment of the right upper extremity. 

LEGAL PRECEDENT 

The schedule award provision of FECA6 and its implementing regulations set forth the 

number of weeks of compensation payable to employees sustaining permanent impairment from 

loss or loss of use, of scheduled members or functions of the body. FECA, however, does not 

specify the manner in which the percentage of loss of a member shall be determined. The 

method used in making such determination is a matter which rests in the sound discretion of 

OWCP. For consistent results and to ensure equal justice, the Board has authorized the use of a 

single set of tables so that there may be uniform standards applicable to all claimants. The 

A.M.A., Guides has been adopted by OWCP as the appropriate standards for evaluating schedule 

losses.7

The sixth edition of the A.M.A., Guides provides a diagnosis-based method of evaluation 

utilizing the World health Organization’s International Classification of Functioning, Disability 

and Health.8 Under the sixth edition, the evaluator identifies the impairment class for the 

diagnosed condition CDX, which is then adjusted by grade modifiers based on Functional 

History (GMFH), Physical Examination (GMPE), and Clinical Studies (GMCS). The Net 

Adjustment Formula is (GMFH - CDX) + (GMPE - CDX) + (GMCS - CDX).9 Evaluators are 

directed to provide reasons for their impairment rating choices, including the choices of 

diagnoses from regional grids and calculations of modifier scores.10

Section 8123(a) of FECA provides that if there is a disagreement between the physician 

making the examination for the United States and the physician of an employee, the Secretary 

shall appoint a third physician who shall make an examination.11 This is called an impartial 

medical examination and OWCP will select a physician who is qualified in the appropriate 

specialty and who has no prior connection with the case.12 When there exists opposing medical 

reports of virtually equal weight and rationale and the case is referred to an impartial medical 

 6 Supra note 1. 

7

 20 C.F.R. § 10.404 (1999); see also Jacqueline S. Harris, 54 ECAB 139 (2002). 

8

 A.M.A., Guides 3 (6th ed. 2009), section 1.3. 

9 Id. at 494-531. 

10 See R.V., Docket No. 10-1827 (issued April 1, 2011). 

11 5 U.S.C. § 8123(a); see R.S., Docket No. 10-1704 (issued May 13, 2011); S.T., Docket No. 08-1675 (issued 

May 4, 2009). 

12 20 C.F.R. § 10.321. 
7

specialist for the purpose of resolving the conflict, the opinion of such specialist, if sufficiently 

well rationalized and based upon a proper factual background, must be given special weight.13

ANALYSIS 

OWCP accepted that on October 7, 1991 appellant sustained a right shoulder dislocation 

injury in the performance of duty. Appellant underwent right shoulder surgery and stopped 

work. He returned to full duty and filed a claim for a schedule award. 

On remand from the Board’s October 22, 2015 decision, OWCP referred appellant’s 

claim to Dr. Mash for an impartial medical examination. In a February 5, 2016 report, Dr. Mash 

accurately described the October 7, 1991 employment injury and reviewed appellant’s medical 

records. He noted that appellant’s claim was accepted for right shoulder dislocation. Upon 

examination, Dr. Mash observed subjective complaints of discomfort and reported an otherwise 

normal shoulder examination. He reported no swelling, warmth, erythema, ecchymosis, 

deformity, and atrophy. Range of motion examination was normal and impingement, AC 

tenderness, Apprehension, and Speed tests were negative. Dr. Mash diagnosed status post 

Bristow reconstruction for recurrent dislocating shoulder and indicated that appellant had 

reached MMI. He referenced Table 15-5, page 404, for unilateral shoulder instability and 

pointed out that appellant had no findings of instability. Dr. Mash indicated that appellant had a 

class 0 rating for zero percent permanent impairment. He explained that even with a different 

diagnosis for shoulder pain appellant still had zero percent permanent impairment of the upper 

extremity. 

On March 19, 2016 Dr. Estaris, an OWCP medical adviser, reviewed appellant’s medical 

record, including Dr. Mash’s February 5, 2016 impartial medical report, and concurred that 

appellant had reached MMI. He agreed with Dr. Mash that appellant had an impairment rating 

of 0 percent of the right upper extremity. 

The Board has carefully reviewed the opinion of Dr. Mash and finds that his February 5, 

2016 report was sufficiently well rationalized to carry the special weight of the medical 

evidence. Dr. Mash’s opinion was based on a proper factual and medical history, which he 

reviewed, and on the proper tables and procedures in the A.M.A., Guides. He referenced Table 

15-5, page 404, for unilateral shoulder instability and assigned a class 0 rating because appellant 

had no findings of instability. Dr. Mash further explained that he could also use Table 15-5, 

page 401, for shoulder pain. He assigned appellant a class 1 injury for a history of painful injury 

without consistent objective findings. Dr. Mash noted that appellant had GMFH of 3 for a 

QuickDASH score of 27, GMPE of 1 due to minimal palpatory findings, and GMCS of 1 based 

on x-ray examination findings. He applied the Net Adjustment Formula for a net adjustment of -

2. Dr. Mash concluded that appellant was a class 1, grade A, for 0 percent permanent 

impairment of the right upper extremity under Table 15-5. 

The Board notes that under Table 15-7, page 406, a QuickDASH score of 27 actually 

results in a grade modifier 1. After applying the net adjustment formula, however, the 

impairment rating is still 0 percent impairment under Table 15-5. Nevertheless Dr. Mash 

 13 Darlene R. Kennedy, 57 ECAB 414 (2006); Gloria J. Godfrey, 52 ECAB 486 (2001). 
8

provided sufficient medical rationale that appellant had a class 0 rating for either right shoulder 

unilateral instability or right shoulder pain according to the appropriate tables of the A.M.A., 

Guides. As previously noted, a reasoned medical opinion from an impartial medical examiner is 

entitled to special weight.14 Thus, Dr. Mash’s February 5, 2016 report represents the special 

weight of an impartial medical examiner. Dr. Estaris, an OWCP medical adviser, further 

reviewed Dr. Mash’s February 5, 2016 report and concurred with his impairment rating. 

Appellant, therefore, has not met his burden of proof to establish permanent impairment of his 

right upper extremity causally related to the October 7, 1991 employment injury. 

Appellant may request a schedule award or increased schedule award based on evidence 

of a new exposure or medical evidence showing progression of an employment-related condition 

resulting in permanent impairment or increased impairment. 

CONCLUSION 

The Board finds that appellant did not meet his burden of proof to establish permanent 

impairment to his right upper extremity causally related to the October 7, 1991 employment 

injury. 

 14 Id. 
9

ORDER 

IT IS HEREBY ORDERED THAT the March 29, 2016 merit decision of the Office of 

Workers’ Compensation Programs is affirmed. 

Issued: December 6, 2016 

Washington, DC 

 

 Patricia H. Fitzgerald, Deputy Chief Judge 

 Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board 

 

 Colleen Duffy Kiko, Judge 

 Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board 

 

 Valerie D. Evans-Harrell, Alternate Judge 

 Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board