United States Department of Labor 

Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board 

__________________________________________ 

W.S., Appellant 

and 

U.S. POSTAL SERVICE, POST OFFICE, 

Akron, OH, Employer 

__________________________________________ 

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Docket No. 14-1184 

Issued: January 8, 2015 

Appearances: Case Submitted on the Record

Appellant, pro se

Office of Solicitor, for the Director 

DECISION AND ORDER 

Before: 

CHRISTOPHER J. GODFREY, Chief Judge 

COLLEEN DUFFY KIKO, Judge 

PATRICIA HOWARD FITZGERALD, Judge 

JURISDICTION 

On April 28, 2014 appellant filed a timely appeal from a March 19, 2014 merit decision 

of the Office of Workers’ Compensation Programs (OWCP). Pursuant to the Federal 

Employees’ Compensation Act1

 (FECA) and 20 C.F.R. §§ 501.2(c) and 501.3, the Board has 

jurisdiction over the merits of this case. 

ISSUE 

The issue is whether appellant has established greater than 50 percent impairment of the 

right lower extremity for which she received a schedule award. 

FACTUAL HISTORY 

OWCP accepted chondromalacia of the right patella and a right medial meniscal tear 

sustained on June 29, 1999 when a cart struck appellant, then a 61-year-old mail processing 

clerk, on her right knee. On December 14, 2000 Dr. John L. Pinkowski, an attending Board-

                                                             1

 5 U.S.C. § 8101 et seq. 
2

certified orthopedic surgeon, performed right knee arthroscopy, with chondroplasty of the lateral 

compartment, partial lateral meniscectomy, and removal of a bone spur. He continued to follow 

appellant through July 2001. Dr. Pinkowski administered viscosupplementation injections.2 

In an April 18, 2002 report, Dr. Paul A. Steurer, an attending Board-certified orthopedic 

surgeon, noted that x-rays of the right knee showed chondromalacia of the patella and medial 

joint space narrowing at the meniscectomy site. 

On December 20, 2002 appellant claimed a schedule award.3 In a February 17, 2003 

report, an OWCP medical adviser found that, based on a review of the medical reports of 

Dr. Pinkowski and Dr. Steurer, as well as a statement of accepted facts, appellant had seven 

percent impairment of the right lower extremity due to status post meniscal resection and 

patellofemoral chondrosis, according to the fifth edition of the American Medical Association, 

Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment (hereinafter, the A.M.A., Guides) then in 

effect. By decision issued March 10, 2003, OWCP granted appellant a schedule award for seven 

percent impairment of the right leg. The period of the award ran from April 18 to 

September 6, 2002. 

Dr. Pinkowski continued to treat appellant for right knee arthritis from February 2003 

through October 2008. He noted continued pain and limited flexion. Dr. Pinkowski 

administered periodic viscosupplementation injections, authorized by OWCP. 

On October 8, 2008 appellant requested an increased schedule award. She submitted a 

January 8, 2009 report from Dr. Steurer opining that appellant had greater than seven percent 

impairment of the right lower extremity according to the fifth edition of the A.M.A., Guides, due 

to weakness, valgus deformity, and status post partial meniscectomy. Dr. Pinkowski stated on 

January 8, 2009 that appellant had occupationally-related arthritis of the right knee, with limited 

flexion. He administered corticosteroid injections. 

In a February 4, 2009 report, an OWCP medical adviser opined that appellant had 50 

percent impairment of the right leg according to the fifth edition of the A.M.A., Guides then in 

effect, due to reduced cartilage interval of the right knee, weakness, partial meniscectomy, and 

valgus deformity. 

By decision dated February 12, 2009, OWCP granted appellant a schedule award for 50 

percent impairment of the right lower extremity. It noted that she would be paid an additional 43 

percent as she had already received a schedule award for seven percent impairment of the right 

leg. The period of the award ran from September 7, 2002 to January 20, 2005. 

From January 2010 to December 10, 2012, Dr. Pinkowski continued to administer 

viscosupplementation injections to treat appellant’s right knee arthritis. He obtained January 14, 

                                                            

 2 Appellant participated in physical therapy from 1999 through 2003. 

3

 OWCP had previously issued a May 8, 2002 decision denying a schedule award for right lower extremity 

impairment based on a lack of medical evidence demonstrating a permanent impairment. 
3

2010 x-rays showing narrowing of the tibiofemoral and patellofemoral joints with osteophytic 

spurring. 

On July 12, 2013 appellant claimed an additional schedule award. OWCP expanded the 

claim to include osteoarthritis of the right knee, and requested that Dr. Steurer submit an updated 

impairment rating including arthritis as an accepted condition. In response, Dr. Steurer 

submitted a December 19, 2013 report, reviewing appellant’s history of injury and treatment. On 

examination of the right knee, he found an increased varus deformity, loss of 10 degrees 

extension, flexion limited to 100 degrees, and tenderness to palpation throughout the knee. 

Dr. Steurer obtained x-rays showing “severe arthritis with complete loss of cartilage space in the 

lateral compartment,” and arthritis in the patellofemoral joint. He diagnosed chondromalacia of 

the right patella, status post surgery for meniscal tear, and osteoarthritis of the right knee. 

Dr. Steurer opined that appellant had attained maximum medical improvement. Referring to 

Table 16-3, page 511 of the sixth edition of the A.M.A., Guides,

4

 he found 50 percent 

impairment of the right leg due to a Class of Diagnosis (CDX) estimate for class 1 primary 

arthritis of the right knee, as imaging studies revealed a complete loss of joint space with an 

interval of zero millimeters. Dr. Steurer assessed an additional three percent impairment for 

patellofemoral arthritis according to Table 16-3, adding the two impairments to equal a total 53 

percent impairment of the right lower extremity. 

On February 6, 2014 OWCP requested that an OWCP medical adviser review the 

medical record and updated statement of accepted facts, and submit an impairment rating for the 

right lower extremity. In response, the medical adviser submitted a February 7, 2014 report, 

concurring that appellant had reached maximum medical improvement as of Dr. Steurer’s 

December 19, 2013 examination. He also concurred with Dr. Steurer’s use of the diagnosisbased rating method under Table 16-3. The medical adviser assigned a class 4 CDX due to a 

joint space of zero millimeters. He assigned a grade modifier for Functional History (GMFH) of 

1 for ongoing knee symptoms, and a grade modifier for findings on Physical Examination 

(GMPE) of 5 for increased varus deformity and tenderness to palpation reflecting severe 

underlying pathology. The medical adviser noted that a grade modifier for Clinical Studies 

(GMCS) was not applicable as imaging studies were already considered in assigning the CDX 

and should not be repeated in the rating scheme. Applying the net adjustment formula of 

(GMFH-CDX) + (GMPE-CDX) + (GMCS-CDX),5

 or (1-4) + (5-4) resulted in a net adjustment 

of -2, moving the default grade of C two steps to the left, to grade A. The medical adviser found 

that appellant therefore had a 50 percent impairment of the right lower extremity according to 

Table 16-3. 

By decision dated March 19, 2014, OWCP denied appellant’s claim for an additional 

schedule award as the medical evidence did not support more than 50 percent impairment of the 

right leg, for which she had previously received schedule awards. It found that the weight of the 

medical evidence rested with the medical adviser, who applied the appropriate criteria of the 

A.M.A., Guides to Dr. Steurer’s findings. 

                                                             4

 A.M.A., Guides 509-11, Table 16-3, of the sixth edition is entitled “Knee Regional Grid -- Lower Extremity 

Impairments.” 

5

 The net adjustment formula is set forth at page 521 of the sixth edition of the A.M.A., Guides. 
4

LEGAL PRECEDENT 

 The schedule award provisions of FECA6 provide for compensation to employees 

sustaining impairment from loss or loss of use of specified members of the body. FECA, however, 

does not specify the manner in which the percentage loss of a member shall be determined. The 

method used in making such determination is a mater which rests in the sound discretion of 

OWCP. For consistent results and to ensure equal justice, the Board has authorized the use of a 

single set of tables so that there may be uniform standards applicable to all claimants. The A.M.A., 

Guides has been adopted by OWCP as a standard for evaluation of schedule losses and the Board 

has concurred in such adoption.7 The effective date of the sixth edition of the A.M.A., Guides is 

May 1, 2009. 

The sixth edition of the A.M.A., Guides provides a diagnosis-based method of evaluation 

utilizing the World Health Organization’s International Classification of Functioning, Disability 

and Health (ICF).8

 Under the sixth edition, the evaluator identifies the impairment of the class of 

diagnosis, which is then adjusted by grade modifiers based on functional history, physical 

evidence, and clinical studies.9

 The net adjustment formula is (GMFH-CDX) + (GMPE-CDX) + 

(GMCS-CDX). 

OWCP procedures provide that, after obtaining all necessary medical evidence, the file 

should be routed to an OWCP medical adviser for an opinion concerning the percentage of 

impairment using the A.M.A., Guides.10 In some instances, an OWCP medical adviser’s opinion 

can constitute the weight of the medical evidence. This occurs in schedule award cases where an 

opinion on the percentage of permanent impairment and a description of physical findings is on 

file from an examining physician, but the percentage estimate by this physician is not based on 

the A.M.A., Guides. In this instance, a detailed opinion by an OWCP medical adviser which 

gives a percentage based on reported findings and the A.M.A., Guides may constitute the weight 

of the medical evidence.11 

ANALYSIS 

OWCP accepted that appellant sustained a right medial meniscal tear and chondromalacia 

of the patella due to a June 29, 1999 traumatic right knee injury. Appellant underwent partial 

lateral meniscectomy on December 14, 2000. On March 10, 2003 OWCP issued a schedule 

                                                             6

 5 U.S.C. § 8107. 

7 Bernard A. Babcock, Jr., 52 ECAB 143 (2000). 

8

 A.M.A., Guides 3, (6th ed. 2008) Section 1.3, “The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and 

Health (ICF): A Contemporary Model of Disablement.” 

9

 A.M.A., Guides 494-531 (6th ed. 2008). 

10 Federal (FECA) Procedure Manual, Part 2 -- Claims, Schedule Awards and Permanent Disability Claims, 

Chapter 2.808.6(f) (February 2013); see also L.R., Docket No. 14-674 (issued August 13, 2014); D.H., Docket No. 

12-1857 (issued February 26, 2013). 

11 See Federal (FECA) Procedure Manual, id. at Chapter 2.810.8(j) (September 2010). 
5

award for seven percent impairment of the right lower extremity, based on the clinical findings 

of Drs. Steurer and Pinkowski, attending Board-certified orthopedic surgeons, as reviewed by an 

OWCP medical adviser. OWCP issued an augmented schedule award on February 12, 2009 for 

an additional 43 percent impairment of the right leg due to weakness, valgus deformity, and 

status post partial meniscectomy. 

Appellant claimed an additional schedule award on July 12, 2013. OWCP expanded the 

claim to include osteoarthritis of the right knee, and sought an updated impairment rating from 

Dr. Steurer who provided a December 19, 2013 impairment rating finding a 53 percent 

impairment of the right lower extremity according to Table 16-3 of the A.M.A., Guides, 50 

percent for primary arthritis of the right knee with total loss of the joint space in the lateral 

compartment, and three percent for patellofemoral arthritis. Dr. Steurer did not apply the net 

adjustment formula to his clinical findings or discuss the applicability of any grade modifiers.12 

OWCP then referred the medical record and a statement of accepted facts to an OWCP medical 

adviser for review. In a February 7, 2014 report, an OWCP medical adviser reviewed 

Dr. Steurer’s impairment rating and concurred his use of a diagnosis-based rating method under 

Table 16-4. He noted, however, that Dr. Steurer did not properly apply the A.M.A., Guides, as 

he did not perform grade modifier calculations or explain why it would be inappropriate to apply 

grade modifiers. The medical adviser applied the net adjustment formula of (GMFH-CDX) + 

(GMPE-CDX) + (GMCS-CDX), or (1-4) + (5-4), to obtain a net adjustment of -2, moving the 

default grade of C two steps to the left, to grade A. He found a 50 percent impairment of the 

right lower extremity according to Table 16-3 due to class 4, grade A arthritis of the right knee. 

As Dr. Steurer did not properly apply the rating criteria of the A.M.A., Guides, OWCP 

properly relied on the medical adviser’s February 7, 2014 report. The medical adviser applied 

the appropriate sections of the sixth edition of the A.M.A., Guides to Dr. Steurer’s clinical 

findings. He found a 50 percent impairment of the right lower extremity due to arthritis. The 

medical adviser calculated and applied grade modifiers for functional history and physical 

findings, and explained why the grade modifier for clinical studies was superseded by the 

consideration of imaging studies in the diagnosis-based rating element. He provided a detailed 

discussion of how each element of the rating scheme related to the clinical findings observed by 

appellant’s physicians. 

The Board finds that OWCP properly relied on OWCP medical adviser’s February 7, 

2014 impairment rating. The medical adviser properly applied the appropriate portions of the 

A.M.A., Guides to Dr. Steurer’s clinical findings.13 He provided detailed explanations and 

calculations for each rating element. Therefore, OWCP’s March 19, 2014 decision affirming the 

February 12, 2009 schedule award finding a 50 percent impairment of the right lower extremity 

was proper under the facts and circumstances of this case. There is no probative medical 

evidence establishing a greater percentage of impairment. 

                                                             12 Dr. Steurer also combined two diagnosis-based estimates in the same region, the knee. However, the A.M.A., 

Guides, provides that, where more than one diagnosis in a region can be used, the one that provides the most 

clinically accurate impairment rating should be used. See A.M.A., Guides 499. Dr. Steurer did not explain how his 

rating remained accurate in view of this prohibition in the A.M.A., Guides. 

13 See supra note 11. 
6

On appeal, appellant contends that her right knee condition remains active and disabling. 

She describes symptoms of pain and stiffness interfering with activities of daily living. As stated 

above, OWCP’s determination of a 50 percent impairment of the right lower extremity was 

based on an OWCP medical adviser’s correct application of the A.M.A., Guides to the findings 

provided by appellant’s physicians. 

Appellant may request a schedule award or increased schedule award regarding the right 

lower extremity at any time, based on evidence of a new exposure, or medical evidence showing 

progression of an employment-related condition resulting in permanent impairment or increased 

impairment. 

CONCLUSION 

The Board finds that appellant has not established that she sustained more than a 50 

percent impairment of the right lower extremity, for which she received a schedule award. 

ORDER 

IT IS HEREBY ORDERED THAT the March 19, 2014 decision of the Office of 

Workers’ Compensation Programs is affirmed. 

Issued: January 8, 2015 

Washington, DC 

 

 Christopher J. Godfrey, Chief Judge 

 Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board 

 

 Colleen Duffy Kiko, Judge 

 Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board 

 

 Patricia Howard Fitzgerald, Judge 

 Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board