NOT FOR PUBLICATION

UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS

FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT

REYNA MAGDALENA ZAVALA DE GOMEZ; et al. , Petitioners,

v. ROBERT M. WILKINSON, Acting Attorney General,

Respondent. No. 17

- 70112
Agency Nos. A208

- 125

- 663

A208

- 125

- 664

MEMORANDUM *

On Petition for Review of an Order of the Board of Immigration Appeals
Submitted January 20, 2021 * *

Before: McKEOWN, CALLAHAN, and BRESS, Circuit Judges.
Reyna Magdalena Zavala de Gomez and her minor daughter, natives and
citizens of El Salvador, petition for review of the Board of Immigration Appeals’
(“BIA”) order dismissing their appeal from an immigration judge’s decision
denying their application for asylum, withholding of removal, and relief under the

* This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent except as provided by Ninth Circuit Rule 36

- 3.

** The panel unanimously concludes this case is suitable for decision without oral argument. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2). 

# FILED

FEB 10 2021

MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK U.S. COURT OF APPEALS2 17

- 70112

Convention Against Torture (“CAT”). We have jurisdiction under 8 U.S.C.
§ 1252. We review de novo the legal question of whether a particular social group
is cognizable, except to the extent that deference is owed to the BIA’s
interp retation of the governing statutes and regulations. Conde Quevedo v. Barr , 947 F.3d 1238, 1241

- 42 (9th Cir. 2020)

. We review for substantial evidence the
agency’s factual findings. Id. at 1241. We deny the petition for review.
The agency did not err in concluding that petitioners did not establish
membership in a cognizable particular social group. See Reyes v. Lynch , 842 F.3d
1125, 1131 (9 th Cir. 2016) (in order to demonstrate membership in a particular
social group, “[t]he ap plicant must ‘establish that the group is (1) composed of
members who share a common immutable characteristic, (2) defined with
particularity, and (3) socially distinct within the society in question’” (quoting
Matter of M

- E

- V

- G

- , 26 I. & N. Dec. 227, 237 (BIA 2014))). Substantial evidence

supports the determination that petitioners otherwise failed to demonstrate a nexus

between the harm they experienced or fear in El Salvador and a protected ground.

See Zetino v. Holder , 622 F.3d 1007, 1016 (9th Cir. 20 10) (an applicant's “desire to
be free from harassment by criminals motivated by theft or random violence by
gang members bears no nexus to a protected ground”) . Thus, petitioners’ asylum
and withholding of removal claims fail.
Substantial evidence also supports the agency’s denial of CAT relief because3 17

- 70112

Zavala de Gomez failed to show it is more likely than not s he would be tortured by
or with the consent or acquiescence of the government if returned to El Salvador

.
See Aden v. H

older , 589 F.3d 1040, 1047 (9th Cir. 2009)

. Zavala de Gomez’s motion (Docket Entry No. 51) to remand and terminate
proceedings for lack of jurisdiction is denied. See Aguilar Fermin v. Barr , 958
F.3d 887, 895 (9th Cir. 2020) (omission of certain informa tion from NTA can be
cured for jurisdictional purposes by later hearing notice).
Petitioners’ opposed request for mediation (Docket Entry No. 62) is denied.
As stated in the court’s March 1, 2017 order, the temporary stay of removal
remains in place until the issuance of the mandate.

PETITION FOR REVIEW DENIED.