1... The Honorable Associate Judge Charles Montemayor presided over the hearings and

made the recommendations adopted by the Honorable Lori Massey.

i i i i i i

MEMORANDUM OPINION

No. 04-08-00264-CV

IN THE INTEREST OF D.M. III, et al.

From the 408th Judicial District Court, Bexar County, Texas

Trial Court No. 2005-PA-02344

Honorable Lori Massey, Judge Presiding1

Opinion by: Alma L. López, Chief Justice

Sitting: Alma L. López, Chief Justice

Catherine Stone, Justice

Sandee Bryan Marion, Justice

Delivered and Filed: October 8, 2008

AFFIRMED

Appellant, M.M., appeals the trial court’s order finding that her appeal of the order

terminating her parental rights would be frivolous. M.M. sought to challenge the sufficiency of the

evidence to support the termination. M.M. also sought to appeal the issue of whether she was

afforded her due process rights when the termination was based on her failure to perform a list of

tasks she was ordered to perform in a prior order granting her possessory conservatorship.

We review a trial court’s determination that an appeal is frivolous under an abuse of

discretion standard. In re M.N.V., 216 S.W.3d 833, 834 (Tex. App.—San Antonio 2006, no pet.).

An appeal is frivolous when it lacks an arguable basis in law or in fact. Id. In determining whether
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an appeal is frivolous, the trial judge may consider whether the appellant has presented a substantial

question for appellate review. Id. at 834-35.

M.M. first sought to challenge the sufficiency of the evidence to support the termination.

One of the grounds upon which M.M.’s parental rights was terminated was a finding that M.M. had

“failed to comply with the provisions of a court order that specifically established the actions

necessary for the parent to obtain the return of the child.” TEX. FAM. CODE ANN. § 161.001(1)(O)

(Vernon Supp. 2008). In a final order signed by the trial court on April 16, 2007, the trial court

appointed the Department of Family and Protective Services as managing conservator and appointed

M.M. as possessory conservator. The final order provided, “TheCourtfurther orders that the parents

must comply with the tasks outlined and ordered in Attachment C attached and incorporated into this

order.” Included in the tasks outlined on Attachment C was an order that M.M. complete individual

and family counseling to address domestic violence and how past history affects family. Another

task required M.M. to make appropriate day care arrangements.

On August 27, 2007, the Department filed a petition to modify the final order, noting:

In accordance with the prior order, [the Department] was to remain as managing

conservator of the children, made the basis of this suit, until such time as the mother

and father could explore other options for the purpose of reunification with the

children; [the Department] would continue to work with the parents toward

reunification through a family service plan (attachment C of said Decree) for the

mother and a subsequent family service plan filed with the court for the father. Both

parents have failed to adhere to said family service plans and failed to maintain

contact with the children and [the Department].

A placement review report filed on April 9, 2008 stated that M.M. was required to complete

individual counseling to address why her children are in care and her history of past abuse. M.M.

also was required to make child care arrangements. The report stated, “Once [M.M.] engaged in

counseling and successfully made arrangements for the children then [the children] would be
04-08-00264-CV

2... In its brief, the State argues that we should presume the record from the termination

proceeding would support the trial court’s decision because M.M. failed to request its

preparation, and the State prays that we dismiss the appeal because M.M. “failed to bring forth a

record of the Termination proceeding.” The State’s argument and prayer fail to take into

consideration the nature of the order being appealed. “If [a] trial court determines that [an]

appeal is frivolous, the indigent parent is not entitled to obtain a free record on appeal.” In re

M.R.J.M., 193 S.W.3d 670, 672-73 (Tex. App.—Fort Worth 2006, order). Instead, the indigent

parent is only entitled to obtain the record of the frivolousness hearing without advance payment. 

Id. Moreover, if this court believed that a review of the reporter’s record of the termination

proceeding was necessary to determine whether the trial court acted within its discretion, we

would be required to independently order the preparation of the record in order to satisfy our

constitutional obligation to conduct a conclusive appellate review of all factual sufficiency

questions that are properly presented on appeal. See id.

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reunited with her and monitoring could begin. The target date of reunification was June of 2007

when the children completed the school year.” Although M.M. began counseling, she was dropped

in June of 2007 for lack of participation and failing to make proper arrangements for the children.

M.M. was given a second opportunity to re-engage in services but failed to participate. A different

counselor then dropped M.M. in September of 2007. M.M. was given a third opportunity to engage

in services but failed to provide any documentation to the caseworker. 

At the hearing on the statement of appellate points, the Department’s attorney noted that

between August of 2007, when the petition to modify was filed, and April of 2008, when M.M.’s

rights were terminated, M.M. failed to take any action with regard to the required tasks. M.M. did

not argue at the hearing that contrary evidence was presented at the termination proceeding to show

that M.M. had performed the tasks listed in the court order. The trial court, therefore, did not abuse

its discretion in finding that an appeal challenging the sufficiency of the evidence would be

frivolous.2

M.M. also contends that she was not afforded due process because the final order appointing

her possessory conservator did not state that her parental rights could be terminated if she failed to
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perform the tasks she was ordered to perform. The final order, however, expressly stated that the

children would continue in care, and the court would continue to review the placement, progress and

welfare of the children. The order stated that M.M. “must complete” the tasks. Moreover, even if

M.M. did not understand that mandatory compliance with the court-ordered tasks was a condition

of her continued relationship, M.M. could not fail to understand the implication of the Department’s

filing of a petition to modify. Despite the Department’s filing of the petition in August of 2007,

M.M. failed to take action on any of her tasks in the eight-month period that elapsed until the date

of the termination order. Accordingly, the trial court did not abuse its discretion in finding that an

appellate issue raising this due process complaint would be frivolous.

The trial court’s order is affirmed.

Alma L. López, Chief Justice