United States Department of Labor 

Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board 

__________________________________________ 

E.T., Appellant 

and 

DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE, BUREAU OF 

PRISONS, Terre Haute, IN, Employer 

__________________________________________ 

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Docket No. 14-1087 

Issued: September 5, 2014 

Appearances: Case Submitted on the Record

Appellant, pro se 

Office of Solicitor, for the Director 

DECISION AND ORDER 

Before: 

COLLEEN DUFFY KIKO, Judge 

PATRICIA HOWARD FITZGERALD, Judge 

MICHAEL E. GROOM, Alternate Judge 

JURISDICTION 

On April 10, 2014 appellant filed a timely appeal from an October 22, 2013 merit 

decision of the Office of Workers’ Compensation Programs (OWCP). Pursuant to the Federal 

Employees’ Compensation Act1

 (FECA) and 20 C.F.R. §§ 501.2(c) and 501.3, the Board has 

jurisdiction over the merits of this case.2

ISSUE 

The issue is whether appellant met his burden of proof to establish a traumatic injury in 

the performance of duty on August 14, 2013. 

 1

 5 U.S.C. § 8101 et seq. 

2

 The Board notes that appellant submitted evidence after the issuance of the October 22, 2013 decision. The 

Board lacks jurisdiction to review evidence for the first time on appeal. 20 C.F.R. § 501.2(c). 
2

FACTUAL HISTORY 

On September 6, 2013 appellant, then a 40-year-old vocational trade instructor, filed a 

traumatic injury claim (Form CA-1) alleging scrapes and abrasions to his hand and a lower back 

strain as a result of an attempted assault by an inmate during a trip to the local hospital on 

August 14, 2013. Appellant’s supervisor, Diane Quinones, checked a box indicating that 

appellant had been injured in the performance of duty. She also checked a box indicating that 

her knowledge of the facts about this injury correlated with the statements of appellant and/or 

other witnesses. Ms. Quinones noted that appellant had returned to work the next day. 

Appellant submitted a prescription slip for Augmentin with an illegible signature. He 

also submitted unsigned discharge instructions from Terre Haute Regional Hospital dated 

August 14, 2013, indicating diagnoses of scrapes and abrasions, and back pain and injury. The 

discharge instructions listed appellant’s treating provider as Robin Likens, nurse practitioner. 

In a radiological report dated August 14, 2013, Dr. Janalyn Ferguson, a Board-certified 

radiologist, obtained an x-ray of appellant’s lumbar spine. She noted no evidence of fracture or 

other acute abnormality. 

On September 17, 2013 OWCP advised appellant that the evidence submitted was 

insufficient to establish his claim. It requested that he respond to its inquiries and submit a 

comprehensive medical report from an attending physician including dates of examination and 

treatment, the history and date of injury given to him by the physician, a detailed description of 

findings, results of all x-ray and laboratory tests, a diagnosis and clinical course of treatment and 

an opinion based on medical explanation as to how the claimed work incident caused or 

aggravated his claimed injury. Appellant resubmitted his prescription slip, unsigned discharge 

instructions, and Dr. Ferguson’s radiological report, but did not respond to OWCP’s inquiries. 

By decision dated October 22, 2013, OWCP accepted that appellant was a federal civilian 

employee who filed a timely claim; that the incident occurred; that a medical condition had been 

diagnosed; and that he was within the performance of duty. However, it denied appellant’s claim 

for compensation. OWCP found that the medical evidence of record was insufficient to establish 

that appellant’s diagnosed conditions were causally related to the incident of August 14, 2013. 

LEGAL PRECEDENT 

An employee seeking benefits under FECA3

 has the burden of establishing the essential 

elements of his or her claim, including the fact that the individual is an employee of the United 

States within the meaning of FECA; that the claim was filed within the applicable time 

limitation; that an injury was sustained while in the performance of duty as alleged and that any 

disability and/or specific condition for which compensation is claimed are causally related to the 

 3

 5 U.S.C. § 8101 et seq. 
3

employment injury.4 These are the essential elements of each and every compensation claim 

regardless of whether the claim is predicated on a traumatic injury or an occupational disease.5

To determine whether a federal employee has sustained a traumatic injury in the 

performance of duty it must first be determined whether fact of injury has been established.6

 

First, the employee must submit sufficient evidence to establish that he or she actually 

experienced the employment incident at the time, place and in the manner alleged.7

 Second, the 

employee must submit sufficient evidence, generally only in the form of medical evidence, to 

establish that the employment incident caused a personal injury.8

The claimant has the burden of establishing by the weight of reliable, probative and 

substantial evidence that the condition for which compensation is sought is causally related to a 

specific employment incident or to specific conditions of employment.9

 An award of 

compensation may not be based on appellant’s belief of causal relationship. Neither the mere 

fact that a disease or condition manifests itself during a period of employment nor the belief that 

the disease or condition was caused or aggravated by employment factors or incidents is 

sufficient to establish a causal relationship.10

Causal relationship is a medical issue and the medical evidence generally required to 

establish causal relationship is rationalized medical opinion evidence.11 Rationalized medical 

opinion evidence is medical evidence which includes a physician’s rationalized opinion on 

whether there is a causal relationship between the employee’s diagnosed condition and 

compensable employment factors.12 The opinion of the physician must be based on a complete 

factual and medical background of the employee, must be one of reasonable medical certainty 

and must be supported by medical rationale explaining the nature of the relationship between the 

diagnosed condition and the specific employment factors identified by the employee.13

 4 C.S., Docket No. 08-1585 (issued March 3, 2009); Bonnie A. Contreras, 57 ECAB 364, 366 (2006). 

5 S.P., 59 ECAB 184, 188 (2007); Joe D. Cameron, 41 ECAB 153, 157 (1989). 

6 B.F., Docket No. 09-60 (issued March 17, 2009); Bonnie A. Contreras, supra note 4 at n.5. 

7 D.B., 58 ECAB 464, 466 (2007); David Apgar, 57 ECAB 137, 140 (2005). 

8 C.B., Docket No. 08-1583 (issued December 9, 2008); D.G., 59 ECAB 734, 737 (2008); Bonnie A. Contreras, 

supra note 4 at n.5. 

9 Roma A. Mortenson-Kindschi, 57 ECAB 418, 428 n.37 (2006); Katherine J. Friday, 47 ECAB 591, 594 (1996). 

10 P.K., Docket No. 08-2551 (issued June 2, 2009); Dennis M. Mascarenas, 49 ECAB 215, 218 (1997). 

11 Y.J., Docket No. 08-1167 (issued October 7, 2008); A.D., 58 ECAB 149, 155-56 (2006); D’Wayne Avila, 57 

ECAB 642, 649 (2006). 

12 J.J., Docket No. 09-27 (issued February 10, 2009); Michael S. Mina, 57 ECAB 379, 384 (2006). 

13 I.J., 59 ECAB 408, 415 (2008); Victor J. Woodhams, 41 ECAB 345, 352 (1989). 
4

ANALYSIS 

OWCP accepted the employment incident of August 14, 2013. The issue is whether 

appellant has submitted sufficient evidence to establish that he sustained scrapes and abrasions to 

the hand, as well as back strain, as a result of this incident. The Board finds that appellant has 

not submitted sufficient medical evidence to establish an injury causally related to the August 14, 

2013 employment incident. 

The Board notes that, pursuant to the Federal (FECA) Procedure Manual, Part 2 -- 

Claims, Initial Development of Claims, Chapter 2.800.6(a) (June 2011), where the condition 

reported is a minor one, such as a burn, laceration, insect sting or animal bite, which can be 

identified on visual inspection by a lay person, a case may be accepted without a medical report 

and no development of the case need be undertaken, if the injury was witnessed or reported 

promptly, no dispute exists as to the occurrence of the injury and no time was lost from work due 

to disability.14 This section of the procedure manual further states that in cases of serious injury 

(motor vehicle accidents, stabbings, shootings, etc.) if the agency does not dispute the facts of 

the case, and there are no questionable circumstances, the case may be accepted for a minor 

condition, such as laceration, without a medical report, while simultaneously developing the case 

for other more serious conditions. This is true even if there is lost time due to such a serious 

injury. 

Board case precedent supports the application of this principle only when the claimed 

injury is sufficiently described in the evidence of record. The Board reviewed a similar case in 

M.A., Docket No. 13-1630 (issued June 18, 2014). In M.A., the employee was a letter carrier 

who was bitten by a dog on his right hand, while he was reaching into a mailbox, such that the 

fingernail of the middle finger of his right hand was almost served in half. Appellant’s 

supervisor attested that appellant was bitten by a dog on his right hand and that he sustained a 

severe cut on the middle finger of his right hand as a result. The Board found that the simple dog 

bite could be accepted without a medical report, as the supervisor had viewed the dog bite and 

accepted that it was work related. In S.A., Docket No. 13-2152 (issued March 20, 2014), cited 

for support in M.A., the Board concluded that consistent descriptions of a laceration of the third 

finger of the left hand constituted sufficient evidence of a minor condition that could be 

identified on visual inspection by a lay person and that other circumstances established 

appellant’s claim. 

In the instant case, the record does not contain a sufficient description of the claimed 

scrapes and abrasions to warrant application of the “minor injury” exception to the requirement 

for medical evidence. There is no evidence of record indicating which hand was injured, or 

describing the extent of the scrapes and abrasions or where they were located, as a result of the 

incident of August 14, 2013. The only description of this condition was “scrapes and abrasions.” 

This description is imprecise and vague and, therefore, the injury is not sufficiently described in 

the evidence of record to support acceptance of scrapes and abrasions without a medical report. 

 14 Federal (FECA) Procedure Manual, Part 2 -- Claims, Initial Development of Claims, Chapter 2.800.6(a) 

(June 2011). M.A., Docket No. 13-1630 (issued June 18, 2014). 
5

The Board also finds that appellant’s claimed back strain is not a minor condition that can 

be identified on visual inspection by a lay person and, therefore, appellant must submit medical 

evidence establishing that the employment incident caused or aggravated his back strain.15 There 

is no medical evidence of record containing a rationalized medical opinion explaining how the 

incident of August 14, 2013 caused or aggravated appellant’s claimed back strain. The mere fact 

that a disease or condition manifests itself during a period of employment or the claimant’s belief 

that the disease or condition was caused or aggravated by employment factors or incidents is 

insufficient to establish causal relationship.16 As such, appellant has not met his burden of proof 

to establish a claim for back strain related to the August 14, 2013 incident. 

The Board notes, however, that OWCP’s implementing regulations allow for 

authorization of medical treatment in emergency circumstances. While 20 C.F.R. § 10.300 

explains that authorization of emergency medical treatment is usually provided by issuance of a 

Form CA-16, section 10.304 allows for authorization of emergency treatment, in the absence of a 

Form CA-16, in cases involving emergencies or unusual circumstances.17 While there was no 

Form CA-16 issued in this case, the record reveals that appellant was treated at Terre Haute 

Regional Hospital on August 14, 2013. Upon return of the case record, after such development 

deemed necessary, OWCP shall adjudicate whether appellant’s treatment on August 14, 2013 

should be authorized in this case due to an emergency or unusual circumstances. 

Appellant may submit new evidence or argument with a written request for 

reconsideration to OWCP within one year of this merit decision, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. § 8128(a) 

and 20 C.F.R. §§ 10.605 through 10.607. 

CONCLUSION 

The Board finds that appellant did not establish that he sustained an employment-related 

injury on August 14, 2013. 

 15 Supra note 7. 

16 Dennis M. Mascarenas, supra note 10; Charles E. Evans, 48 ECAB 692, 693 (1997). 

17 See also K.J., Docket No. 13-271 (issued May 23, 2013). 
6

ORDER 

IT IS HEREBY ORDERED THAT the October 22, 2013 decision of the Office of 

Workers’ Compensation Programs is affirmed. 

Issued: September 5, 2014 

Washington, DC 

 

 Colleen Duffy Kiko, Judge 

 Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board 

 

 Patricia Howard Fitzgerald, Judge 

 Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board 

 

 Michael E. Groom, Alternate Judge 

 Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board