[Federal Register Volume 70, Number 184 (Friday, September 23, 2005)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 55761-55770]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 05-19058]


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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

40 CFR Part 180

[OPP-2005-0267; FRL-7738-6]


Pyridaben; Pesticide Tolerance

AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

ACTION: Final rule.

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SUMMARY: This regulation establishes tolerances for residues of 
pyridaben in or on hop, dried cones; papaya; star apple; sapote, black; 
mango; sapodilla; sapote, mamey; canistel, fruit, stone, group 12; 
strawberry; and tomato. Interregional Research Project Number 4 (IR-4) 
requested these tolerances under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic 
Act (FFDCA), as amended by the Food Quality Protection Act of 1996 
(FQPA). EPA is also deleting certain pyridaben tolerances that are no 
longer needed as result of this action.

DATES: This regulation is effective September 23, 2005. Objections and 
requests for hearings must be received on or before November 22, 2005.

ADDRESSES:  To submit a written objection or hearing request follow the 
detailed instructions as provided in Unit VI. of the SUPPLEMENTARY 
INFORMATION. EPA has established a docket for this action under docket 
identification (ID) number OPP-2005-0267. All documents in the docket 
are listed in the EDOCKET index at  http://www.epa.gov/edocket. 
Although listed in the index, some information is not publicly 
available, i.e., CBI or other information whose disclosure is 
restricted by statute. Certain other material, such as copyrighted 
material, is not placed on the Internet and will be publicly available 
only in hard copy form. Publicly available docket materials are 
available either electronically in EDOCKET or in hard copy at the 
Public Information and Records Integrity Branch (PIRIB), Rm. 119, 
Crystal Mall <greek-i>2, 1801 S. Bell St., Arlington, VA. This docket 
facility is open from 8:30 a.m. to 4 p.m., Monday through Friday, 
excluding legal holidays. The docket telephone number is (703) 305-
5805.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Barbara Madden, Registration Division 
(7505C), Office of Pesticide Programs, Environmental Protection Agency, 
1200 Pennsylvania Ave., NW., Washington, DC 20460-0001; telephone 
number: (703) 305-6463; e-mail address: <a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#cfa2aeababaaa1e1adaebdadaebdae8faabfaee1a8a0b9"><span class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="f499959090919ada96958696958695b4918495da939b82">[email protected]</span></a>.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

I. General Information

A. Does this Action Apply to Me?

    You may be potentially affected by this action if you are an 
agricultural producer, food manufacturer, or pesticide manufacturer. 
Potentially affected entities may include, but are not limited to:
    <bullet> Crop production (NAICS 111), e.g., agricultural workers; 
greenhouse, nursery, and floriculture workers; farmers.
    <bullet> Animal production (NAICS 112), e.g., cattle ranchers and 
farmers, dairy cattle farmers, livestock farmers.
    <bullet> Food manufacturing (NAICS 311), e.g., agricultural 
workers; farmers; greenhouse, nursery, and floriculture workers; 
ranchers; pesticide applicators.
    <bullet> Pesticide manufacturing (NAICS 32532), e.g., agricultural 
workers; commercial applicators; farmers; greenhouse, nursery, and 
floriculture workers; residential users.
    This listing is not intended to be exhaustive, but rather provides 
a guide for readers regarding entities likely to be affected by this 
action. Other types of entities not listed in this unit could also be 
affected. The North American Industrial Classification System (NAICS) 
codes have been provided to assist you and others in determining 
whether this action might apply to certain entities. If you have any 
questions regarding the applicability of this action to a particular 
entity, consult the person listed under FOR FURTHER INFORMATION 
CONTACT.

B. How Can I Access Electronic Copies of this Document and Other 
Related Information?

    In addition to using EDOCKET (http://www.epa.gov/edocket/), you may 
access this Federal Register document electronically through the EPA 
Internet under the ``Federal Register'' listings at http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/. A frequently updated electronic version of 40 CFR part 180 
is available at E-CFR Beta Site Two at http://www.gpoaccess.gov/ecfr/. 
To access the OPPTS Harmonized Guidelines referenced in this document, 
go directly to the guidelines at http://www.epa.gpo/opptsfrs/home/guidelin.htm/.

II. Background and Statutory Findings

    In the Federal Register of July 3, 2003 (68 FR 39942) (FRL-7315-4), 
EPA issued a notice pursuant to section 408(d)(3) of FFDCA, 21 U.S.C. 
346a(d)(3), announcing the filing of pesticide petitions (0E6068, 
1E6226, 1E6303, 2E6457, and 2E6460) from IR-4, 681 U.S. Highway 
<greek-i>1 South, North Brunswick, NJ 08902-3390. The

[[Page 55762]]

petitions requested that 40 CFR 180.494 be amended by establishing 
tolerances for residues of pyridaben, 2-tert-butyl-5-(4-tert-
butylbenzylthio)-4-chloropyridazin-3(2H)-one in or on the following raw 
agricultural commodities: Strawberry at 2.5 parts per million (ppm) (PP 
0E6068); hop, dried cones at 10.0 ppm (PP 1E6226); tomato at 0.2 ppm 
(PP 1E6303); fruit, stone, group at 2.5 ppm (PP 2E6457); papaya, black 
sapote, canistel, mamey sapote, mango, sapodilla, and star apple at 0.1 
ppm (PP 2E6460). The tomato petition was subsequently amended to 
propose a tolerance at 0.15 ppm. Registration for tomato will be 
limited to greenhouse grown tomato based on the available residue data. 
The petitioner also proposed that established tolerances for nectarine, 
peach, plum, and prune at 2.5 ppm be deleted since they will be 
superceded by the tolerance for fruit, stone, group 12 at 2.5 ppm. That 
notice included a summary of the petition prepared by BASF Corporation, 
the registrant. The Agency received one comment expressing support for 
this action.
    EPA is also deleting the apricot, sweet cherry and tart cherry 
tolerances in Sec.  180.494(a) since they expired on June 30, 2004, and 
will also be superceded by the tolerance for fruit, stone, group 12.
    Section 408(b)(2)(A)(i) of FFDCA allows EPA to establish a 
tolerance (the legal limit for a pesticide chemical residue in or on a 
food) only if EPA determines that the tolerance is ``safe.'' Section 
408(b)(2)(A)(ii) of FFDCA defines ``safe'' to mean that ``there is a 
reasonable certainty that no harm will result from aggregate exposure 
to the pesticide chemical residue, including all anticipated dietary 
exposures and all other exposures for which there is reliable 
information.'' This includes exposure through drinking water and in 
residential settings, but does not include occupational exposure. 
Section 408(b)(2)(C) of FFDCA requires EPA to give special 
consideration to exposure of infants and children to the pesticide 
chemical residue in establishing a tolerance and to ``ensure that there 
is a reasonable certainty that no harm will result to infants and 
children from aggregate exposure to the pesticide chemical residue. . . 
.''
    EPA performs a number of analyses to determine the risks from 
aggregate exposure to pesticide residues. For further discussion of the 
regulatory requirements of section 408 of FFDCA and a complete 
description of the risk assessment process, see the final rule on 
Bifenthrin Pesticide Tolerances (62 FR 62961, November 26, 1997) (FRL-
5754-7) at http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPA-PEST/1997/November/Day-26/p30948.htm.

III. Aggregate Risk Assessment and Determination of Safety

    Consistent with section 408(b)(2)(D) of FFDCA, EPA has reviewed the 
available scientific data and other relevant information in support of 
this action. EPA has sufficient data to assess the hazards of and to 
make a determination on aggregate exposure, consistent with section 
408(b)(2) of FFDCA, for a tolerance for residues of pyridaben, 2-tert-
butyl-5-(4-tert-butylbenzylthio)-4-chloropyridazin-3(2H)-one in or on 
hop, dried cones at 10.0 ppm; papaya at 0.10 ppm; star apple at 0.10 
ppm; sapote, black at 0.10 ppm; mango at 0.10 ppm; sapodilla at 0.10 
ppm; sapote, mamey at 0.10 ppm; canistel at 0.10 ppm; fruit, stone, 
group 12 at 2.5 ppm; strawberry at 2.5 ppm; and tomato at 0.15 ppm. 
EPA's assessment of exposures and risks associated with establishing 
the tolerance follows.

A. Toxicological Profile

    EPA has evaluated the available toxicity data and considered its 
validity, completeness, and reliability as well as the relationship of 
the results of the studies to human risk. EPA has also considered 
available information concerning the variability of the sensitivities 
of major identifiable subgroups of consumers, including infants and 
children. The nature of the toxic effects caused by pyridaben are 
discussed in Table 1 of this unit as well as the no observed adverse 
effect level (NOAEL) and the lowest observed adverse effect level 
(LOAEL) from the toxicity studies reviewed.

                                Table 1.--Subchronic, Chronic, and Other Toxicity
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             Guideline No.                       Study Type                            Results
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
870.3100                                 90-Day oral toxicity--rats  NOAEL in males: = 4.94 mg/kg/day and NOAEL
                                                                      in females: 2.64 mg/kg/day
                                                                     LOAEL = 11.55 mg/kg/day based on decreased
                                                                      body weight (bwt) gain, food consumption,
                                                                      food efficiency and altered clinical
                                                                      pathology parameters in males and a LOAEL
                                                                      of 5.53 mg/kg/day based on decreased body
                                                                      weight gain and food efficiency in females
----------------------------------------
870.3100                                 90-Day oral toxicity mice   NOAEL = males: 4.07 and females: 4.92 mg/kg/
                                                                      day
                                                                     LOAEL = males: 13.02 and females: 14.65 mg/
                                                                      kg/day based on decreased body weight gain
----------------------------------------
870.3150                                 90-Day oral toxicity--      NOAEL = 1.0 mg/kg/day
                                          nonrodents                 LOAEL = 4.0 mg/kg/day based on increased
                                                                      incidence of clinical signs and decreased
                                                                      body weight gain in both sexes
----------------------------------------
870.3150                                 90-Day oral toxicity--      NOAEL = < 2.4 mg/kg/day
                                          nonrodents                 LOAEL <= 2.4 mg/kg/day based on increased
                                                                      incidence of clinical signs and depletion
                                                                      of fat in all treated animals
----------------------------------------
870.3200                                 21-Day dermal toxicity      NOAEL = 100 mg/kg/day
                                                                     LOAEL = 300 mg/kg/day based on decreased
                                                                      body weight gain observed in females
----------------------------------------
870.3465                                 30-Day inhalation toxicity  NOAEL = 0.001 mg/L
                                                                     LOAEL = 0.003 mg/L based on increased
                                                                      incidence of clinical signs and clinical
                                                                      chemistry changes in both sexes and
                                                                      decreased body weight gain in females
----------------------------------------

[[Page 55763]]

 
870.3700                                 Prenatal developmental      Maternal NOAEL = 4.7 mg/kg/day
                                          oral toxicity - rodents    Maternal LOAEL = 13 mg/kg/day based on
                                                                      decreased body weight, body weight gain
                                                                      and food consumption
                                                                     Developmental NOAEL = 13 mg/kg/day
                                                                     Developmental LOAEL = 30 mg/kg/day based on
                                                                      deceased fetal body weight and incomplete
                                                                      ossification of bones
----------------------------------------
870.3700                                 Prenatal developmental      Maternal NOAEL = 70 mg/kg/day
                                          dermal toxicity -          Maternal LOAEL = 170 mg/kg/day based on
                                          nonrodents                  deceased body weight and food consumption
                                                                     Developmental NOAEL = 170 mg/kg/day
                                                                     Developmental LOAEL = 450 g/kg/day based on
                                                                      increased incidence of fetuses with
                                                                      retarded growth (incompletely ossified
                                                                      skull)
----------------------------------------
870.3700                                 Prenatal developmental      Maternal NOAEL = 5 mg/kg/day
                                          oral toxicity -            Maternal LOAEL = 15 mg/kg/day based on
                                          nonrodents                  decreases in body weight, body weight
                                                                      gain, food consumption and abortions
                                                                     Developmental NOAEL = 15 mg/kg/day (HDT).
                                                                      No toxicity was observed at any dose,
                                                                      therefore, the NOAEL is equal to or
                                                                      greater than highest dose tested
                                                                     Developmental LOAEL = > 15 mg/kg/day
----------------------------------------
870.3800                                 Reproduction and fertility  Parental/Systemic NOAEL = males: 2.20 and
                                          effects                     females: 2.41 mg/kg/day
                                                                     Parental/Systemic LOAEL = males: 6.31 and
                                                                      females: 7.82 mg/kg/day based on decreased
                                                                      body weight, body weight gains, and food
                                                                      efficiency
                                                                     Offspring NOAEL = 2.2 mg/kg/day
                                                                     Offspring LOAEL = 6.3 mg/kg/day based on
                                                                      decreased pup body weight and body weight
                                                                      gain
                                                                     Reproductive NOAEL = males: 6.31 and
                                                                      females: 7.82 mg/kg/day (HDT). No
                                                                      reproductive toxicity was observed at any
                                                                      dose
                                                                     Reproductive LOAEL = males: > 6.31 and >
                                                                      7.82 mg/kg bwt/day (HDT)
----------------------------------------
870.4100                                 Chronic toxicity-dogs       NOAEL = Not established
                                                                     LOAEL = 0.5 mg/kg/day based on increased
                                                                      clinical signs of toxicity in both sexes
                                                                      and decreased body weight gain in females
----------------------------------------
870.4100                                 Chronic toxicity--dogs      NOAEL = Not established
                                                                     LOAEL = 1.0 mg/kg/day based on increased
                                                                      clinical signs of toxicity in both sexes
                                                                      and decreased body weight gain in females
----------------------------------------
870.4200                                 Carcinogenicity--rats       NOAEL = males: 1.13 and females: 1.46 mg/kg/
                                                                      day
                                                                     LOAEL = males: 5 and females: 6.52 mg/kg/
                                                                      day based on decreased body weight and
                                                                      body weight gain observed in males and
                                                                      females, and decreased alanine transferase
                                                                      in males
                                                                     There was no evidence of carcinogenicity
----------------------------------------
870.4300                                 Carcinogenicity--mice       NOAEL = 2.78 mg/kg/day (males and females)
                                                                     LOAEL = males: 8.88 and females: 9.74 mg/kg/
                                                                      day) based on decreased body weight gain,
                                                                      decreased food efficiency and changes in
                                                                      organ weights and histopathology (males)
                                                                     No evidence of carcinogenicity
----------------------------------------
870.5100                                 Gene mutation - Salmonella  Negative
----------------------------------------
870.5300                                 Gene mutation in Chinese    Negative
                                          hamster cultured V-79
----------------------------------------
870.5380                                 Mutagenic- structural       Negative
                                          chromosome aberration -in
                                          vitro cytogenetics -
                                          Chinese hamster
----------------------------------------
870.5385                                 Mutagenic - structural      Negative
                                          chromosome aberration -
                                          micronucleus - mouse
----------------------------------------
870.5500                                 Mutagenic- DNA damage/      Negative
                                          repair- E. Coli
----------------------------------------

[[Page 55764]]

 
870.6200                                 Acute oral neurotoxicity -  NOAEL = 44 mg/kg (both sexes)
                                          rat                        LOAEL = 80 mg/kg/day based on increased
                                                                      incident of piloerection, hypoactivity,
                                                                      tremors, partially closed eyes, and
                                                                      decreases in body weight gain and food
                                                                      consumption
                                                                     No neuropathological effects were observed
----------------------------------------
870.6200                                 Subchronic neurotoxicity    NOAEL = males: 8.5 and females: 9.3 mg/kg/
                                          screening battery           day
                                                                     LOAEL = males: 28.8 and females: 31.1 mg/kg/
                                                                      day based on decreased body weight, body
                                                                      weight gain, food consumption and food
                                                                      efficiency in both sexes
                                                                     No neuropathological effects were observed
----------------------------------------
870.7485                                 Metabolism and              Rapidly metabolized. Gastrointestinal tract
                                          pharmacokinetics            was the major site for distribution, and
                                                                      elimination. Highest residues were found
                                                                      in liver, pancreas, spleen, kidney, lymph
                                                                      node and fat. Parent compound was
                                                                      metabolized to 20 - 30 metabolites and
                                                                      were resolved in urine and feces
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

B. Toxicological Endpoints

    For hazards that have a threshold below which there is no 
appreciable risk, the dose at which no adverse effects are observed 
(the NOAEL) from the toxicology study identified as appropriate for use 
in risk assessment is used to estimate the toxicological level of 
concern (LOC). However, the lowest dose at which adverse effects of 
concern are identified (the LOAEL) is sometimes used for risk 
assessment if no NOAEL was achieved in the toxicology study selected. 
An uncertainty factor (UF) is applied to reflect uncertainties inherent 
in the extrapolation from laboratory animal data to humans and in the 
variations in sensitivity among members of the human population as well 
as other unknowns.
    The linear default risk methodology (Q*) is the primary method 
currently used by the Agency to quantify non-threshold hazards such as 
cancer. The Q* approach assumes that any amount of exposure will lead 
to some degree of cancer risk, estimates risk in terms of the 
probability of occurrence of additional cancer cases. More information 
can be found on the general principles EPA uses in risk 
characterization at http://www.epa.gov/pesticides/health/human.htm.
    A summary of the toxicological endpoints for pyridaben used for 
human risk assessment is shown in Table 2 of this unit:

      Table 2.-- Summary of Toxicological Dose and Endpoints for Pyridaben for Use in Human Risk Assessment
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                          Dose Used in Risk
                                             Assessment,          Special FQPA SF and
          Exposure/Scenario                Interspecies and       Level of Concern for   Study and Toxicological
                                         Intraspecies and any       Risk Assessment              Effects
                                            Traditional UF
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Acute dietary (all populations)        NOAEL = 44 mg/kg/day     Special FQPA SF = 1X     Acute Neurotoxicity-Rat
                                       UF = 100...............  Acute Population         LOAEL = 80 mg/kg/day
                                       Acute Reference Dose      Adjusted Dose (aPAD) =   based on an increased
                                        (RfD) = 0.44 mg/kg/day.  acute RfD/Special FQPA   incidence of
                                                                 SF = 0.44 mg/kg/day.     piloerection,
                                                                                          hypoactivity, tremors
                                                                                          and partially closed
                                                                                          eyes, decreased body
                                                                                          weight gain and food
                                                                                          consumption
--------------------------------------
Chronic dietary (all populations)      LOAEL = 0.5 mg/kg/day    Special FQPA SF = 1X     Chronic Feeding-Dog
                                       UF = 100...............  cPAD = chronic RfD/      LOAEL = 0.5 mg/kg/day
                                       Chronic RfD = 0.005 mg/   Special FQPA SF = .005   based on an increased
                                        kg/day.                  mg/kg/day.               incidence of ptyalism,
                                                                                          emesis and soft
                                                                                          stools, and decreased
                                                                                          body weight gain in
                                                                                          females. EPA
                                                                                          determined that this
                                                                                          LOAEL could be used in
                                                                                          risk assessment
                                                                                          without an additional
                                                                                          safety factor because
                                                                                          the effects seen were
                                                                                          minimal
--------------------------------------
Cancer (oral, dermal, inhalation)      Pyridaben has been classified as a Group E chemical (i.e. evidence of non-
                                              carcinogenicity for humans) based on the lack of evidence of
                                          carcinogenicity in male and female rats as well as in male and female
                                                                          mice
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

C. Exposure Assessment

    1. Dietary exposure from food and feed uses. Tolerances have been 
established (40 CFR 180.494) for the residues of pyridaben, in or on a 
variety of raw agricultural commodities including nectarine, peach, 
plum, and prune at 2.5 ppm. Tolerances have also been established for 
milk and fat, meat, and meat byproducts for cattle, goat, hog, horse, 
and sheep. Risk assessments were conducted by EPA to assess dietary 
exposures from pyridaben in food as follows:
    i. Acute exposure. Quantitative acute dietary exposure and risk 
assessments are performed for a food-use pesticide, if a toxicological 
study has indicated the possibility of an effect of concern occurring 
as a result of a 1-day or single exposure. The Dietary Exposure 
Evaluation Model (DEEM\TM\) analysis evaluated the individual food 
consumption as reported by respondents in the United States Department 
of Agriculture (USDA) 1994-1996 and 1998 nationwide Continuing Surveys 
of Food Intake by Individuals (CSFII) and accumulated exposure to the 
chemical for each

[[Page 55765]]

commodity. The following assumptions were made for the acute exposure 
assessments: A Tier 3, acute dietary-exposure assessment 
(probabilistic) was conducted for pyridaben. The probabilistic 
assessment was based upon residue distribution files or anticipated-
residue estimates derived from crop field trial data for most 
commodities; processing factors from processing studies were utilized 
for most processed commodities; and percent crop-treated estimates and 
projected market-share estimates were utilized for most crops.
    ii. Chronic exposure. In conducting the chronic dietary exposure 
assessment, EPA used the Dietary Exposure Evaluation Model software 
with the Food Commodity Intake Database (DEEM-FCID\TM\), which 
incorporates food consumption data as reported by respondents in the 
USDA 1994-1996 and 1998 nationwide CSFII, and accumulated exposure to 
the chemical for each commodity. The following assumptions were made 
for the chronic exposure assessments: A Tier 2, partially-refined, 
chronic dietary-exposure assessment was conducted for pyridaben. 
Anticipated-residue estimates were utilized to account for the residues 
of concern for risk assessment derived from proposed and established 
tolerance levels; and percent crop-treated estimates and projected 
market-share estimates were utilized for most crops.
    iii. Cancer. Pyridaben has been classified as not likely to be 
carcinogenic to humans. Therefore, a quantitative exposure assessment 
was not conducted to assess cancer risk.
    iv. Anticipated residue and percent crop treated (PCT) information. 
Section 408(b)(2)(E) of the FFDCA authorizes EPA to use available data 
and information on the anticipated residue levels of pesticide residues 
in food and the actual levels of pesticide chemicals that have been 
measured in food. If EPA relies on such information, EPA must pursuant 
to section 408(f)(1) require that data be provided 5 years after the 
tolerance is established, modified, or left in effect, demonstrating 
that the levels in food are not above the levels anticipated. Following 
the initial data submission, EPA is authorized to require similar data 
on a time frame it deems appropriate. For the present action, EPA will 
issue such Data Call-Ins for information relating to anticipated 
residues as are required by FFDCA section 408(b)(2)(E) and authorized 
under FFDCA section 408(f)(1). Such Data Call-Ins will be required to 
be submitted no later than 5 years from the date of issuance of this 
tolerance.
    Section 408(b)(2)(F) of FFDCA states that the Agency may use data 
on the actual percent of food treated for assessing chronic dietary 
risk only if the Agency can make the following findings: Condition 1, 
that the data used are reliable and provide a valid basis to show what 
percentage of the food derived from such crop is likely to contain such 
pesticide residue; Condition 2, that the exposure estimate does not 
underestimate exposure for any significant subpopulation group; and 
Condition 3, if data are available on pesticide use and food 
consumption in a particular area, the exposure estimate does not 
understate exposure for the population in such area. In addition, the 
Agency must provide for periodic evaluation of any estimates used. To 
provide for the periodic evaluation of the estimate of PCT as required 
by section 408(b)(2)(F) of FFDCA, EPA may require registrants to submit 
data on PCT.
    The Agency used PCT information as follows:
    4% almonds, 20% apples, 34% apricots, 25% cherries, 10% cranberry, 
35% grapefruit, 10% grapes, 4% lemons, 8% oranges, 8% peaches, 22% 
pears, 8% plums and prunes, 15% nectarines, 1% pistachios, 25% 
strawberry, 25% tangerines, 8% tomatoes, and 35% for meat and milk. The 
following PCT data were used in the chronic dietary exposure analysis: 
2.5% almonds, 10% apples, 34% apricots, 2.5% cherries, 10% cranberry, 
15% grapefruit, 5% grapes, 2.5% lemons, 5% oranges, 5% peaches, 15% 
pears, 5% plums and prunes, 19% strawberry, 15% tangerines, and 4% 
tomatoes.
    EPA uses an average PCT for chronic dietary risk analysis. The 
average PCT figure for each existing use is derived by combining 
available federal, state, and private market survey data for that use, 
averaging by year, averaging across all years, and rounding up to the 
nearest multiple of five except for those situations in which the 
average PCT is less than one. In those cases <1% is used as the average 
and <2.5% is used the maximum. EPA uses a maximum PCT for acute dietary 
risk analysis. The maximum PCT figure is the single maximum value 
reported overall from available federal, state, and private market 
survey data on the existing use, across all years, and rounded up to 
the nearest multiple of five. In most cases, EPA uses available data 
from USDA/National Agricultural Statistics Service (USDA/NASS), 
Proprietary Market Surveys, and the National Center for Food and 
Agriculture Policy (NCFAP) for the most recent 6 years.
    EPA projects PCT for a new insecticide use by assuming that the PCT 
for the insecticide's initial 5 years will not exceed the average PCT 
of the dominant insecticide (the one with the largest PCT) within all 
insecticides over three latest available years. The PCTs included in 
the average may be each for the same insecticide or for different 
insecticides since the same or different insecticides may dominate for 
each year selected. Typically, EPA uses USDA/NASS as the source for raw 
PCT data because it is non-proprietary and directly available without 
computation.
    This method of projecting PCT for a new insecticide use, with or 
without regard to specific pest(s), produces an upper-end projection 
that is unlikely, in most cases, to be exceeded in actuality because 
the dominant insecticide is well-established and accepted by farmers. 
Factors that bear on whether a projection based on the dominant 
insecticide could be exceeded are whether the new insecticide is more 
efficacious or controls a broader spectrum of pests than the dominant 
insecticide, whether it is more cost-effective than the dominant 
insecticide, and whether it is likely to be readily accepted by growers 
and experts. These factors have been considered for this insecticide 
new use, and they indicate that it is unlikely that actual PCT for this 
new use will exceed the PCT for the dominant insecticide in the next 5 
years.
    2. Dietary exposure from drinking water. The Agency lacks 
sufficient monitoring exposure data to complete a comprehensive dietary 
exposure analysis and risk assessment for pyridaben in drinking water. 
Because the Agency does not have comprehensive monitoring data, 
drinking water concentration estimates are made by reliance on 
simulation or modeling taking into account data on the physical 
characteristics of pyridaben. Further information regarding EPA 
drinking water models used in pesticide exposure assessment can be 
found at http://www.epa.gov/oppefed1/models/water/index.htm.
    Based on the EPA's Pesticide Root Zone Model/Exposure Analysis 
Modeling System (PRZM/EXAMS) and Screening Concentrations in Ground 
Water (SCI-GROW) models, the estimated environmental concentrations 
(EECs) of pyridaben for acute exposures are estimated to be 12 parts 
per billion (ppb) for surface water and 0.007 ppb for ground water. The 
EECs for chronic exposures are estimated to be 2.2 ppb

[[Page 55766]]

for surface water and 0.007 ppb for ground water.
    3. From non-dietary exposure. The term ``residential exposure'' is 
used in this document to refer to non-occupational, non-dietary 
exposure (e.g., for lawn and garden pest control, indoor pest control, 
termiticides, and flea and tick control on pets). Pyridaben is not 
registered for use on any sites that would result in residential 
exposure.
    4. Cumulative effects from substances with a common mechanism of 
toxicity. Section 408(b)(2)(D)(v) of the FFDCA requires that, when 
considering whether to establish, modify, or revoke a tolerance, the 
Agency consider ``available information'' concerning the cumulative 
effects of a particular pesticide's residues and ``other substances 
that have a common mechanism of toxicity.''
    Unlike other pesticides for which EPA has followed a cumulative 
risk approach based on a common mechanism of toxicity, EPA has not made 
a common mechanism of toxicity finding as to pyridaben and any other 
substances and pyridaben does not appear to produce a toxic metabolite 
produced by other substances. EPA has also evaluated comments submitted 
that suggested there might be a common mechanism among pyridaben and 
other named pesticides that cause brain effects. EPA concluded that the 
evidence did not support a finding of common mechanism for pyridaben 
and the named pesticides. For the purposes of this tolerance action, 
therefore, EPA has not assumed that pyridaben has a common mechanism of 
toxicity with other substances. For information regarding EPA's efforts 
to determine which chemicals have a common mechanism of toxicity and to 
evaluate the cumulative effects of such chemicals, see the policy 
statements released by EPA's Office of Pesticide Programs concerning 
common mechanism determinations and procedures for cumulating effects 
from substances found to have a common mechanism on EPA's website at 
http://www.epa.gov/pesticides/cumulative/.

D. Safety Factor for Infants and Children

    1. In general. Section 408 of FFDCA provides that EPA shall apply 
an additional tenfold margin of safety for infants and children in the 
case of threshold effects to account for prenatal and postnatal 
toxicity and the completeness of the data base on toxicity and exposure 
unless EPA determines based on reliable data that a different margin of 
safety will be safe for infants and children. Margins of safety are 
incorporated into EPA risk assessments either directly through use of a 
MOE analysis or through using uncertainty (safety) factors in 
calculating a dose level that poses no appreciable risk to humans. In 
applying this provision, EPA either retains the default value of 10X 
when reliable data do not support the choice of a different factor, or, 
if reliable data are available, EPA uses a different additional safety 
factor value based on the use of traditional uncertainty factors and/or 
special FQPA safety factors, as appropriate.
    2. Prenatal and postnatal sensitivity. There is no quantitative 
and/or qualitative evidence of increased susceptibility of rat or 
rabbit fetuses to in utero exposure to pyridaben. There is no evidence 
of increased quantitative and/or qualitative susceptibility to 
pyridaben following prenatal exposure in a 2-generation reproduction 
study in the rat. There are no concerns or residual uncertainties for 
prenatal/postnatal toxicity.
    Pyridaben elicited weak clinical signs (piloerection, hypoactivity, 
tremors) in an acute neurotoxicity study and a transient effect on the 
righting reflex in a subchronic feeding study. These signs were 
initially judged to be evidence of neurotoxicity and a Developmental 
Neurotoxicity (DNT) study was required. However, further evaluation of 
the entire weight of evidence has led to the conclusion that these 
signs are non-specific in nature and not indicative of a direct effect 
on the nervous system.
    Pyridaben has weak neurotoxicity signs as demonstrated in the acute 
neurotoxicity study in rats. Piloerection, hypoactivity, tremors, and 
partially closed eyes were observed in animals in the 100 mg/kg bwt 
group. In the subchronic neurotoxicity study, transient poorly 
coordinated righting reflex was observed in high dose males (28.8 mg/kg 
bwt/day) in the absence of other neurotoxicity or neuropathology in the 
subchronic neurotoxicity study. Inhibition of plasma cholinesterase 
activity occurred at the highest dose (27.68 mg/kg bwt/day) in females 
only in the 90-day rat feeding study.
    The Agency has determined that the DNT study is no longer required 
based on the following:
    <bullet> The lack of evidence for abnormalities in the development 
of the fetal nervous system including the prenatal developmental 
toxicity studies in either rats (oral gavage up to 1,000 mg/kg/day) or 
rabbits (oral greater than 15 mg/kg/day and dermal up to 450 mg/kg/day) 
and the 2-generation reproduction study in rats (up to 6.31 mg/kg/day).
    <bullet> The levels at which effects occurred in the acute and 
subchronic neurotoxicity studies were the highest doses tested where 
significant toxicity, other than neurotoxic signs were noted. Transient 
piloerection and hypoactivity were noted in the mid dose males (100 mg/
kg/day) and piloerection, hypoactivity, tremors and partially closed 
eyes were observed in animals in the 200 mg/kg bwt group (highest dose 
tested) in the acute neurotoxicity study in rats. There was also 
transient (only 1 week), poorly coordinated righting reflex in highest 
dose tested (28.8 mg/kg/day) in males only in the subchronic 
neurotoxicity study. No neuropathology was noted in either study.
    <bullet> Inhibition of plasma (butyryl and acetyl) cholinesterase 
activity at the highest dose tested (27.68 mg/kg/day, females) in the 
standard 90-day rat feeding study, this was not seen in the 
reversibility phase of the study. Pyridaben may have some flexibility 
and charge characteristics which would allow it to interact with the 
cholinesterase receptor in some tissues, but this response is not 
indicative of a neurotoxic mode of action.
    <bullet> Only transient (appearing at only week 8, but not at weeks 
4 or 13), poorly coordinated righting reflex in high dose males (28.8 
mg/kg bwt/day) was observed in the absence of neurotoxicity in the 
subchronic neurotoxicity study.
    <bullet> No other study of any duration showed evidence of 
neurotoxic effects (clinical signs, organ weights, histopathology) and 
the studies were tested high enough to elicit frank toxicity (other 
than neurotoxicity).
    <bullet> The 2-generation reproduction study in rats included 
developmental and neurotoxicity assessments. The observations included 
a comprehensive evaluation of clinical signs, onset and completion of 
pinna (ear) unfolding, hair growth, tooth eruption, eye opening, 
auditory and visual function assessed using the startle response and 
examination of pupil closure along with assessment of the visual 
placement response. No effects were noted up to and including the 
highest dose tested (6.31 mg/kg/day). No effects were noted on 
reproductive parameters. The observed effects in the 2-generation 
reproduction study were minimal in nature involving only body weight 
and food consumption.
    3. Conclusion. There is a complete toxicity data base for pyridaben 
and exposure data are complete. There is no quantitative or qualitative 
evidence of increased susceptibility of rat and rabbit fetuses to in 
utero exposure to pyridaben in developmental studies. There is no 
quantitative or qualitative

[[Page 55767]]

evidence of increased susceptibility to pyridaben following prenatal/
postnatal exposure in a 2-generation reproduction study incorporating 
neurotoxicity measurements. There is no concern for developmental 
neurotoxicity resulting from exposure to pyridaben. Since there was no 
observed evidence of potential developmental neurotoxicity in short- 
and long-term toxicity studies in rats, mice, and dogs, a DNT study is 
not required.
    The dietary exposure scenarios includes metabolites and/or 
degradates of concern and the dietary food exposure assessment is 
refined for acute food exposure and partially refined for chronic food 
exposure. Although refined, the assessments are based on reliable data 
and will not underestimate exposure/risk. The dietary drinking water 
assessment (Tier 2 estimates) utilizes values generated by models and 
associated modeling parameters which are designed to provide 
conservative, health protective, high-end estimates of water 
concentrations. There are no residential uses of pyridaben.
    Based on these data, the Agency has reduced the FQPA Safety Factor 
to 1X and a developmental neurotoxicity study will not be required.

E. Aggregate Risks and Determination of Safety

    The Agency currently has two ways to estimate total aggregate 
exposure to a pesticide from food, drinking water, and residential 
uses. First, a screening assessment can be used, in which the Agency 
calculates drinking water levels of comparison (DWLOCs) which are used 
as a point of comparison against EECs. The DWLOC values are not 
regulatory standards for drinking water, but are theoretical upper 
limits on a pesticide's concentration in drinking water in light of 
total aggregate exposure to a pesticide in food and residential uses. 
In calculating a DWLOC, the Agency determines how much of the 
acceptable exposure (i.e., the PAD) is available for exposure through 
drinking water (e.g., allowable chronic water exposure (mg/kg/day) = 
cPAD - (average food + residential exposure)). This allowable exposure 
through drinking water is used to calculate a DWLOC.
    A DWLOC will vary depending on the toxic endpoint, drinking water 
consumption, and body weights. Default body weights and consumption 
values as used by EPA's Office of Water are used to calculate DWLOCs: 2 
liter (L)/70 kg (adult male), 2L/60 kg (adult female), and 1L/10 kg 
(child). Different populations will have different DWLOCs. Generally, a 
DWLOC is calculated for each type of risk assessment used: Acute, 
short-term, intermediate-term, chronic, and cancer.
    When EECs for surface water and ground water are less than the 
calculated DWLOCs, EPA concludes with reasonable certainty that 
exposures to the pesticide in drinking water (when considered along 
with other sources of exposure for which EPA has reliable data) would 
not result in unacceptable levels of aggregate human health risk at 
this time. Because EPA considers the aggregate risk resulting from 
multiple exposure pathways associated with a pesticide's uses, levels 
of comparison in drinking water may vary as those uses change. When new 
uses are added EPA reassesses the potential impacts of residues of the 
pesticide in drinking water as a part of the aggregate risk assessment 
process.
    More recently the Agency has used another approach to estimate 
aggregate exposure through food, residential and drinking water 
pathways. In this approach, modeled surface water and ground water EECs 
are directly incorporated into the dietary exposure analysis, along 
with food. This provides a more realistic estimate of exposure because 
actual body weights and water consumption from the CSFII are used. The 
combined food and water exposures are then added to estimated exposure 
from residential sources to calculate aggregate risks. The resulting 
exposure and risk estimates are still considered to be high end, due to 
the assumptions used in developing drinking water modeling inputs.
    There are no existing or proposed uses for pyridaben that would 
result in residential non-dietary exposure, therefore aggregate acute 
and chronic risks are based solely on exposure from food and water, 
which are as follows:
    1. Acute risk. Using the exposure assumptions discussed in this 
unit for acute exposure, the acute dietary exposure from food to 
pyridaben will occupy 3% of the aPAD for the U.S. population, 2% of the 
aPAD for females 13 years and older, 4% of the aPAD for all infants < 1 
year old, and 6% of the aPAD for children 1-2 years old, the children 
subpopulation at greatest exposure. In addition, there is potential for 
acute dietary exposure to pyridaben in drinking water. To estimate 
total aggregate exposure to a pesticide from food and drinking water 
the Agency calculated DWLOCs which are used as a point of comparison 
against EECs. After calculating DWLOCs and comparing them to the EECs 
for surface water and ground water, EPA does not expect the aggregate 
exposure to exceed 100% of the aPAD, as shown in Table 3 of this unit:

                       Table 3.--Aggregate Risk Assessment for Acute Exposure to Pyridaben
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                             Surface       Ground
              Population Subgroup                 aPAD (mg/      % aPAD     Water EEC    Water EEC   Acute DWLOC
                                                     kg)         (Food)       (ppb)        (ppb)        (ppb)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
U.S. population                                         0.44            3           12        0.007       15,000
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-------------------------------------------------------------
-------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    2. Chronic risk. Using the exposure assumptions described in this 
unit for chronic exposure, EPA has concluded that exposure to pyridaben 
from food will utilize 13% of the cPAD for the U.S. population, 29% of 
the cPAD for all infants < 1 year old, and 47% of the cPAD for children 
1-2 years old the subpopulation at greatest exposure. In addition, 
there is potential for chronic dietary exposure to pyridaben in 
drinking water. After calculating DWLOCs and comparing them to the EECs 
for surface water and ground water, EPA does not expect the aggregate 
exposure to exceed 100% of the cPAD, as shown in Table 4 of this unit:

[[Page 55768]]



               Table 4.--Aggregate Risk Assessment for Chronic (Non-Cancer) Exposure to Pyridaben
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                             Surface      Ground/
              Population/Subgroup                cPAD/mg/kg/    % cPAD/     Water EEC/   Water EEC/    Chronic/
                                                     day         (Food)       (ppb)        (ppb)     DWLOC (ppb)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
U.S. population                                        0.005           13          2.2        0.007          150
-------------------------------------------------------------
-------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    3. Short-term and Intermediate-term risks. Short-term aggregate 
exposure takes into account residential exposure plus chronic exposure 
to food and water (considered to be a background exposure level). 
Intermediate-term aggregate exposure takes into account residential 
exposure plus chronic exposure to food and water (considered to be a 
background exposure level). Pyridaben is not registered for use on any 
sites that would result in residential exposure. Therefore, the 
aggregate risk is the sum of the risk from food and water, which do not 
exceed the Agency's level of concern.
    4. Aggregate cancer risk for U.S. population. Pyridaben has been 
classified as not likely to be carcinogenic to humans. Therefore, 
pyridaben is expected to pose at most a negligible cancer risk.
    5. Determination of safety. Based on these risk assessments, EPA 
concludes that there is a reasonable certainty that no harm will result 
to the general population, and to infants and children from aggregate 
exposure to pyridaben residues.

IV. Other Considerations

A. Analytical Enforcement Methodology

    Adequate enforcement methodology (GC/ECD method, BASF D9312) is 
available to enforce the tolerance expression. The method may be 
requested from: Chief, Analytical Chemistry Branch, Environmental 
Science Center, 701 Mapes Rd., Ft. Meade, MD 20755-5350; telephone 
number: (410) 305-2905; e-mail address: <a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#20524553494455454d4554484f4453604550410e474f56"><span class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="daa8bfa9b3beafbfb7bfaeb2b5bea99abfaabbf4bdb5ac">[email protected]</span></a>.

B. International Residue Limits

    There are no Codex MRLs for pyridaben on hops, tropical fruit, 
stone fruit, strawberry, and tomatoes. Therefore, no compatibility 
questions exist with respect to Codex.

C. Response to Comments

    The Agency received one comment expressing support for this action.

V. Conclusion

    Therefore, tolerances are established for residues of pyridaben, 2-
tert-butyl-5-(4-tert-butylbenzylthio)-4-chloropyridazin-3(2H)-one in or 
on hop, dried cones at 10.0 ppm; papaya at 0.10 ppm; star apple at 0.10 
ppm; sapote, black at 0.10 ppm; mango at 0.10 ppm; sapodilla at 0.10 
ppm; sapote, mamey at 0.10 ppm; canistel at 0.10 ppm; fruit, stone, 
group 12 at 2.5 ppm; strawberry at 2.5 ppm; and tomato at 0.15 ppm.

VI. Objections and Hearing Requests

    Under section 408(g) of FFDCA, as amended by FQPA, any person may 
file an objection to any aspect of this regulation and may also request 
a hearing on those objections. The EPA procedural regulations which 
govern the submission of objections and requests for hearings appear in 
40 CFR part 178. Although the procedures in those regulations require 
some modification to reflect the amendments made to FFDCA by FQPA, EPA 
will continue to use those procedures, with appropriate adjustments, 
until the necessary modifications can be made. The new section 408(g) 
of FFDCA provides essentially the same process for persons to 
``object'' to a regulation for an exemption from the requirement of a 
tolerance issued by EPA under new section 408(d) of FFDCA, as was 
provided in the old sections 408 and 409 of FFDCA. However, the period 
for filing objections is now 60 days, rather than 30 days.

A. What Do I Need to Do to File an Objection or Request a Hearing?

    You must file your objection or request a hearing on this 
regulation in accordance with the instructions provided in this unit 
and in 40 CFR part 178. To ensure proper receipt by EPA, you must 
identify docket ID number OPP-2005-0267 in the subject line on the 
first page of your submission. All requests must be in writing, and 
must be mailed or delivered to the Hearing Clerk on or before November 
22, 2005.
    1. Filing the request. Your objection must specify the specific 
provisions in the regulation that you object to, and the grounds for 
the objections (40 CFR 178.25). If a hearing is requested, the 
objections must include a statement of the factual issue(s) on which a 
hearing is requested, the requestor's contentions on such issues, and a 
summary of any evidence relied upon by the objector (40 CFR 178.27). 
Information submitted in connection with an objection or hearing 
request may be claimed confidential by marking any part or all of that 
information as CBI. Information so marked will not be disclosed except 
in accordance with procedures set forth in 40 CFR part 2. A copy of the 
information that does not contain CBI must be submitted for inclusion 
in the public record. Information not marked confidential may be 
disclosed publicly by EPA without prior notice.
    Mail your written request to: Office of the Hearing Clerk (1900L), 
Environmental Protection Agency, 1200 Pennsylvania Ave., NW., 
Washington, DC 20460-0001. You may also deliver your request to the 
Office of the Hearing Clerk in Suite 350, 1099 14\th\ St., NW., 
Washington, DC 20005. The Office of the Hearing Clerk is open from 8 
a.m. to 4 p.m., Monday through Friday, excluding legal holidays. The 
telephone number for the Office of the Hearing Clerk is (202) 564-6255.
    2. Copies for the Docket. In addition to filing an objection or 
hearing request with the Hearing Clerk as described in Unit VI.A., you 
should also send a copy of your request to the PIRIB for its inclusion 
in the official record that is described in ADDRESSES. Mail your 
copies, identified by docket ID number OPP-2005-0267, to: Public 
Information and Records Integrity Branch, Information Technology and 
Resource Management Division (7502C), Office of Pesticide Programs, 
Environmental Protection Agency, 1200 Pennsylvania Ave., NW., 
Washington, DC 20460-0001. In person or by courier, bring a copy to the 
location of the PIRIB described in ADDRESSES. You may also send an 
electronic copy of your request via e-mail to: <a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#8ae5fafaa7eee5e9e1effecaeffaeba4ede5fc"><span class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="b5dac5c598d1dad6ded0c1f5d0c5d49bd2dac3">[email protected]</span></a>. 
Please use an ASCII file format and avoid the use of special characters 
and any form of encryption. Copies of

[[Page 55769]]

electronic objections and hearing requests will also be accepted on 
disks in WordPerfect 6.1/8.0 or ASCII file format. Do not include any 
CBI in your electronic copy. You may also submit an electronic copy of 
your request at many Federal Depository Libraries.

B. When Will the Agency Grant a Request for a Hearing?

    A request for a hearing will be granted if the Administrator 
determines that the material submitted shows the following: There is a 
genuine and substantial issue of fact; there is a reasonable 
possibility that available evidence identified by the requestor would, 
if established resolve one or more of such issues in favor of the 
requestor, taking into account uncontested claims or facts to the 
contrary; and resolution of the factual issue(s) in the manner sought 
by the requestor would be adequate to justify the action requested (40 
CFR 178.32).

VII. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews

    This final rule establishes a tolerance under section 408(d) of 
FFDCA in response to a petition submitted to the Agency. The Office of 
Management and Budget (OMB) has exempted these types of actions from 
review under Executive Order 12866, entitled Regulatory Planning and 
Review (58 FR 51735, October 4, 1993). Because this rule has been 
exempted from review under Executive Order 12866 due to its lack of 
significance, this rule is not subject to Executive Order 13211, 
Actions Concerning Regulations That Significantly Affect Energy Supply, 
Distribution, or Use (66 FR 28355, May 22, 2001). This final rule does 
not contain any information collections subject to OMB approval under 
the Paperwork Reduction Act (PRA), 44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq., or impose 
any enforceable duty or contain any unfunded mandate as described under 
Title II of the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (UMRA) (Public Law 
104-4). Nor does it require any special considerations under Executive 
Order 12898, entitled Federal Actions to Address Environmental Justice 
in Minority Populations and Low-Income Populations (59 FR 7629, 
February 16, 1994); or OMB review or any Agency action under Executive 
Order 13045, entitled Protection of Children from Environmental Health 
Risks and Safety Risks (62 FR 19885, April 23, 1997). This action does 
not involve any technical standards that would require Agency 
consideration of voluntary consensus standards pursuant to section 
12(d) of the National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act of 1995 
(NTTAA), Public Law 104-113, section 12(d) (15 U.S.C. 272 note). Since 
tolerances and exemptions that are established on the basis of a 
petition under section 408(d) of FFDCA, such as the tolerance in this 
final rule, do not require the issuance of a proposed rule, the 
requirements of the Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA) (5 U.S.C. 601 et 
seq.) do not apply. In addition, the Agency has determined that this 
action will not have a substantial direct effect on States, on the 
relationship between the national government and the States, or on the 
distribution of power and responsibilities among the various levels of 
government, as specified in Executive Order 13132, entitled Federalism 
(64 FR 43255, August 10, 1999). Executive Order 13132 requires EPA to 
develop an accountable process to ensure ``meaningful and timely input 
by State and local officials in the development of regulatory policies 
that have federalism implications.'' ``Policies that have federalism 
implications'' is defined in the Executive Order to include regulations 
that have ``substantial direct effects on the States, on the 
relationship between the national government and the States, or on the 
distribution of power and responsibilities among the various levels of 
government.'' This final rule directly regulates growers, food 
processors, food handlers and food retailers, not States. This action 
does not alter the relationships or distribution of power and 
responsibilities established by Congress in the preemption provisions 
of section 408(n)(4) of FFDCA. For these same reasons, the Agency has 
determined that this rule does not have any ``tribal implications'' as 
described in Executive Order 13175, entitled Consultation and 
Coordination with Indian Tribal Governments (65 FR 67249, November 6, 
2000). Executive Order 13175, requires EPA to develop an accountable 
process to ensure ``meaningful and timely input by tribal officials in 
the development of regulatory policies that have tribal implications.'' 
``Policies that have tribal implications'' is defined in the Executive 
Order to include regulations that have ``substantial direct effects on 
one or more Indian tribes, on the relationship between the Federal 
Government and the Indian tribes, or on the distribution of power and 
responsibilities between the Federal Government and Indian tribes.'' 
This rule will not have substantial direct effects on tribal 
governments, on the relationship between the Federal Government and 
Indian tribes, or on the distribution of power and responsibilities 
between the Federal Government and Indian tribes, as specified in 
Executive Order 13175. Thus, Executive Order 13175 does not apply to 
this rule.

VIII. Congressional Review Act

    The Congressional Review Act, 5 U.S.C. 801 et seq., as added by the 
Small Business Regulatory Enforcement Fairness Act of 1996, generally 
provides that before a rule may take effect, the agency promulgating 
the rule must submit a rule report, which includes a copy of the rule, 
to each House of the Congress and to the Comptroller General of the 
United States. EPA will submit a report containing this rule and other 
required information to the U.S. Senate, the U.S. House of 
Representatives, and the Comptroller General of the United States prior 
to publication of this final rule in the Federal Register. This final 
rule is not a ``major rule'' as defined by 5 U.S.C. 804(2).

List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 180

    Environmental protection, Administrative practice and procedure, 
Agricultural commodities, Pesticides and pests, Reporting and 
recordkeeping requirements.

    Dated: September 19, 2005.
Lois Rossi,
Director, Registration Division, Office of Pesticide Programs.

0
Therefore, 40 CFR chapter I is amended as follows:

PART 180--[AMENDED]

0
1. The authority citation for part 180 continues to read as follows:

    Authority: 21 U.S.C. 321(q), 346a and 371.

0
2. Section 180.494 is amended by removing the entries for ``apricot''; 
``cherry, sweet''; ``cherry, tart''; ``nectarine''; ``peach''; 
``plum''; and ``prune'' from the table in paragraph (a) and by 
alphabetically adding the following commodities to the table in 
paragraph (a) to read as follows:


Sec.  180.494  Pyridaben; tolerance for residues.

    (a) * * *

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                         Revocation/
            Commodity             Parts per million    expiration date
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                * * * * *
Canistel........................               0.10  None
                                * * * * *
Fruit, stone, group 12..........                2.5  None
                                * * * * *
Hop, dried cones................               10.0  None

[[Page 55770]]

 
                                * * * * *
Mango...........................               0.10  None
                                * * * * *
Papaya..........................               0.10  None
                                * * * * *
Sapodilla.......................               0.10  None
Sapote, black...................               0.10  None
Sapote, mamey...................               0.10  None
                                * * * * *
Star apple......................               0.10  None
Strawberry......................                2.5  None
Tomato..........................               0.15  None
------------------------------------------------------------------------

* * * * *
[FR Doc. 05-19058 Filed 9-22-05; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6560-50-S


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