J-S30018-18

NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37

COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA IN THE SUPERIOR COURT

OF PENNSYLVANIA

Appellee

v.

FREDERICK D. COLLINS

Appellant No. 1265 WDA 2017

Appeal from the Judgment of Sentence April 26, 2017

In the Court of Common Pleas of Allegheny County

Criminal Division at Nos: CP-02-CR-0012275-2015, 

CP-02-CR-0013218-2015, CP-02-CR-0013234-2015, 

CP-02-CR-0013236-2018, CP-02-CR-0013238-2015, 

CP-02-CR-0013685-2015

BEFORE: BENDER, P.J.E., STABILE, J. AND STRASSBURGER, J.* 

MEMORANDUM BY STABILE, J.: FILED JULY 16, 2018

Appellant, Frederick D. Collins, appeals from his judgment of sentence 

for a series of felonies. Appellant argues that the trial court erred in denying 

his presentence motion to withdraw his nolo contendere plea and abused its 

discretion in sentencing him to an aggregate of 25-50 years’ imprisonment.1 

We affirm.

____________________________________________

* Retired Senior Judge assigned to the Superior Court.

1 The trial court sentenced Appellant to the following consecutive terms of 

imprisonment: at CP-02-CR-0012275-2015, 4-8 years for terroristic threats

(18 Pa.C.S.A. § 2706); at CP-02-CR-0013234-2015, 5-10 years for persons 

not to possess firearms (18 Pa.C.S.A. § 6105); at CP-02-CR-0013236-2015, 

5-10 years for persons not to possess firearms; at CP-02-CR-0013238-2015, 

5-10 years for aggravated assault (18 Pa.C.S.A. § 2702); and at CP-02-CR0013685-2015, 6-12 years for intimidation of witnesses or victims (18 

Pa.C.S.A. § 4952).
J-S30018-18

- 2 -

Appellant was charged with a series of offenses arising from events

between July and October of 2015, when he was 341⁄2 years old. On October 

25, 2016, Appellant pleaded nolo contendere to multiple charges at the above

caption numbers. The trial court identified the charges and informed Appellant 

of the maximum sentence for each offense, and Appellant acknowledged that 

he understood the charges. N.T., 10/25/16, at 1-9. The Commonwealth 

summarized the relevant facts as follows:

[H]ad we proceeded to trial [at CP-02-CR-0013234-2015], we 

would have called officers from the City of McKeesport Police 

Department, [and] they would have testified that on September 

6th of 2015 at about 4:22 p.m., they were notified by Shona 

Green that a male had pointed a gun at her. Shona’s neighbor, 

Michelle Simpson, had asked Shona to go over to Michelle’s house 

to feed her dog. When Shona Green went to the house, the door 

swung open and [Appellant] was standing there pointing a silver 

pistol at her and he said to her: What the fuck are you doing at 

my house? I will fucking shoot you. So Shona then ran away. 

Six minutes later . . . at [CP-02-CR-0013236-2015], West Mifflin 

police received a dispatch about the prior incident, and Michelle 

Simpson who stated that [Appellant] was on his way to Monview 

Heights to kill her and everyone else. The officers arrived on 

scene, observed a silver minivan exiting the front gate and they 

pursued the van, initiated a traffic stop, and the officer asked who 

the passenger was and he stated his name was Louis Ellis, [and] 

they later identified him as [Appellant]. They identified the driver 

as Daryl Waite who apparently was a jitney driver and Waite told 

them that [Appellant] had entered the vehicle with a firearm, he 

pulled the firearm and said take me to Monview. During the 

drive[,] [Appellant] stated he was going to kill her, and Waite said 

that . . . there was a firearm in the glove compartment which the 

officer retrieved. There are two firearms charges [for] which we

would have provided the certificate of non-licensure. Then at the 

lab, the firearm was identified as a .25–caliber Raven Arms pistol 

912566, good operation, no barrel length in the report, but the 

officer would testify it was less than 16 inches. As to the persons

not to possess, we would have introduced a certified conviction 
J-S30018-18

- 3 -

for robbery of a motor vehicle and aggravated assault, November 

19th of 2001, at CC 1999-14932.

* * *

In [CP-02-CR-0013218-2015], had this matter proceeded to trial, 

the Commonwealth would have called witnesses from McKeesport 

City Police Department, as well as the victim in this matter, 

Michelle Simpson. The testimony would have been heard that on 

or about July 16, 2015, in Allegheny County, that [Appellant]

threatened the victim as well as her juvenile daughter, who was 

six years old at the time, that he would kill Michelle Simpson as 

well as physically assault her six-year-old daughter. [Appellant]

also physically assaulted the victim Michelle Simpson by punching 

her in the back of the head.

Moving on to . . . [CP-02-CR-0013685-2015], had this matter 

proceeded to trial, the Commonwealth would have called officers 

from the West Mifflin Borough Police Department, namely Officer 

Joseph Hoffman, Officer Robert Fedor and Officer Michael Pintigh 

. . . Further the Commonwealth would have called a witness who 

was the victim, Michelle Simpson, as well as Magisterial District 

Judge Richard Olasz. The testimony would have been heard that 

on or about October 1, 2015, in the County of Allegheny that a 

preliminary hearing was being held where [Appellant] was Mr. 

Collins and the victim was Michelle Simpson, during the course of 

that preliminary hearing, Mr. Collins became disorderly and was 

removed from the hearing. On the way out of the hearing, he 

threatened the victim Michelle Simpson and threatened to kill her, 

put his hand in the shape of a gun. He further threatened to kill 

Officer Joseph Hoffman and Officer Robert Fedor. Later, MDJ 

Olasz was leaving the hearing. As he walked by the police car 

where [Appellant] was being held, [Appellant] threatened Judge 

Olasz and said that he would kill him as well. At this time he was 

currently at preliminary hearing facing charges of felonies of a first 

degree for a prior assault on Michelle Simpson. While in the police 

car [Appellant] was handcuffed, however, he was able to remove 

his hands from a handcuff. During that time Officer Joseph 

Hoffman and Officer Robert Fedor were present. [Appellant]

physically resisted their arrest resulting in them deploying their 

Tasers at him. Further, while [Appellant] was in the police car he 

did defecate and damage the police car with the feces.
J-S30018-18

- 4 -

Moving on to [CP-02-CR-0013238-2015,] had this matter 

proceeded to trial, the Commonwealth would have called 

witnesses from the City of McKeesport Police Department, as well 

as the victim in this matter, Michelle Simpson. Had this matter 

proceeded to trial, the testimony would have been heard that on

or about September 5, 2015, that [Appellant] physically assaulted 

Michelle Simpson with a firearm, striking her in the face with it. 

Further, he threatened both her and her 7-year-old daughter who 

was asleep on the couch with her with the firearm, threatening to 

kill both of them. 

* * *

[H]ad [CP-02-CR-0013275-2015] proceeded to trial on . . . three 

. . . counts of terroristic threats, the Commonwealth would have 

called officers from the West Mifflin Borough Police Department, 

as well as the victim in this matter, Michelle Simpson, as well as 

Jason Steward. Here testimony would have been heard that on 

or about September 6, 2015, that [Appellant] had threatened the 

three victims, to kill all of them. Mr. Steward was currently in a

relationship with Ms. Simpson, and Ms. Simpson’s daughter was 

present when [Appellant] threatened to kill all of them.

N.T., 10/25/16, at 9-15.

The trial court accepted Appellant’s nolo contendere plea as knowing, 

voluntary and intelligent, adding that Appellant could receive a maximum of 

203 years’ imprisonment. Id. at 15.

On April 26, 2017, Appellant appeared for sentencing. At the beginning 

of the hearing, defense counsel, Carl Marcus, Esquire, informed the court that 

both he and Appellant wished for Attorney Marcus to withdraw from 

representation, and that Attorney Marcus had filed a motion to withdraw. The 

following exchange ensued:

The Court: Okay. First of all, there is no reason to withdraw until 

- - there is no petition to withdrawn until after sentencing and 
J-S30018-18

- 5 -

when you put in your appearance you represent a client through 

the trial and through sentencing.

Mr. Marcus: I understand.

The Court: So I’m asking you to represent him through 

sentencing. I will appoint someone else if you still wish to 

withdraw at the end of sentencing.

N.T., 4/26/17, at 3. Appellant then asked to withdraw his plea as follows:

[Appellant]: Ms. McDaniels, I will not ---

The Court: Address me as judge is a pretty good place to start.

[Appellant]: Judge McDaniels, I did not enter a guilty plea or a 

nolo contendere plea of my own free will. He told me if I entered 

the plea in January, you would sentence me to two to four years. 

I came over here in January, my sentence was postponed until 

today. I do not want a guilty plea. I was coerced. I didn’t enter 

it on my own free will.

The Court: Well, I’ve reviewed the transcript and the transcript 

says that you were not forced or —

[Appellant]: If you sentence me, I’m going to blow your fucking 

face off.

The Court: Okay. I will say for the record that in your mitigation, 

the only thing that I found - -

Deputy Sheriff: You’ve got to wait until the Judge is done, sir.

The Court: -- is that you did enter a plea of nolo contendere. You 

apparently as a child - -

[Appellant]: I don’t give a flying fuck. If you sentence me, I’m 

going to blow your fucking face off and your grandchildren, too. 

You fucking, dick-eating bitch, do you not understand that? I 

don’t have a fuck you about her being no judge. Do you not 

understand that? I will shove a fucking curling iron up your 

fucking granddaughter’s fucking pussy. Do you understand me?
J-S30018-18

- 6 -

The Court: Okay. [Appellant] will be removed from the courtroom 

for obvious reasons. I’ll let you know what your sentence is.

[Appellant]: Suck my dick you fucking bitch.

The Court: Well, I would rather not.

Id. at 3-4. The trial court then imposed the sentence described above.

On May 4, 2017, through Attorney Marcus, Appellant filed post-sentence 

motions. Subsequently, through new counsel, Appellant filed amended postsentence motions. On August 31, 2017, the trial court denied post-sentence 

relief. This timely appeal followed. Both Appellant and the trial court complied 

with Pa.R.A.P. 1925.

Appellant raises two issues in this appeal:

1. Whether the trial court erred in denying [Appellant’s] oral, presentencing request to withdraw his pleas of nolo contendere?

2. Whether the trial court’s aggregate sentence of twenty-five 

(25) to fifty (50) years of incarceration was manifestly excessive 

and an abuse of discretion?

Appellant’s Brief at 5.

Courts treat motions to withdraw nolo contendere pleas in the same 

manner as motions to withdraw guilty pleas. Commonwealth v. Miller, 748 

A.2d 733, 735 (Pa. Super. 2000). Thus, as is the case when we review an 

order denying a motion to withdraw a guilty plea, “we will not disturb the 

court’s decision on such motion unless the court abused that discretion." 

Commonwealth v. Gordy, 73 A.3d 620, 624 (Pa. Super. 2013). When the 

defendant moves to withdraw his nolo plea before sentencing, “[a]lthough 
J-S30018-18

- 7 -

there is no absolute right to withdraw a [nolo] plea . . . it is clear that a request 

made [b]efore sentencing . . . should be liberally allowed.” Commonwealth 

v. Forbes, 299 A.2d 268, 271 (Pa. 1973). Further, “[i]f the trial court finds 

any fair and just reason, withdrawal of the plea before sentence should be 

freely permitted, unless the prosecution [will be] substantially prejudiced.”

Id.

In Commonwealth v. Carrasquillo, 115 A.3d 1284 (Pa. 2015), our 

Supreme Court, breaking from prior precedent, held that a bare assertion of 

innocence is no longer a fair and just reason permitting a pre-sentence 

withdrawal of a guilty plea. Instead, “a defendant’s innocence claim must be 

at least plausible to demonstrate, in and of itself, a fair and just reason for 

presentence withdrawal of a plea.” Id., 115 A.3d at 1292. The accused must 

make “some colorable demonstration, under the circumstances, such that 

permitting withdrawal of the plea would promote fairness and justice.” Id.

Just as bare assertions of innocence no longer provide sufficient reason 

to withdraw a guilty plea prior to sentencing, neither do Appellant’s bare 

assertions of “coercion” entitle him to pre-sentence withdrawal of his nolo plea 

in the case at bar. Appellant made an unsupported claim that his attorney 

“coerced” him into a nolo plea, and when the court began to express its 

disagreement, he interrupted with a string of vile epithets and threats toward 

the court. Through his own misconduct, Appellant prevented the court from 

conducting a proper or rational evidentiary hearing on his motion. The court 
J-S30018-18

- 8 -

properly exercised its discretion under these circumstances to proceed with 

sentencing.

In his second argument, Appellant contends that the trial court abused 

its discretion by imposing an aggregate sentence of 25-50 years’ 

imprisonment. Appellant presents a challenge to the discretionary aspects of 

sentence.

“A challenge to the discretionary aspects of sentencing is not 

automatically reviewable as a matter of right.” Commonwealth v. Grays, 

167 A.3d 793, 815 (Pa. Super. 2017). Before we can reach the merits of a 

discretionary aspects challenge,

[w]e conduct a four part analysis to determine: (1) whether 

appellant has filed a timely notice of appeal, see Pa.R.A.P. 902 

and 903; (2) whether the issue was properly preserved at 

sentencing or in a motion to reconsider and modify sentence, see

[Pa.R.Crim.P. 720]; (3) whether appellant’s brief has a fatal 

defect, Pa.R.A.P. 2119(f); and (4) whether there is a substantial

question that the sentence appealed from is not appropriate under 

the Sentencing Code, 42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9781(b).

Id. at 815–16. Here, Appellant filed a timely notice of appeal, preserved this

issue in post-sentence motions, and included a statement in his brief in 

compliance with Pa.R.A.P. 2119(f). Therefore, we must determine whether 

Appellant has presented a substantial question that his sentence is not 

appropriate under the Sentencing Code. 

“The determination of what constitutes a substantial question must be 

evaluated on a case-by-case basis.” Commonwealth v. Caldwell, 117 A.3d 

763, 768 (Pa. Super. 2015) (en banc). “While a bald claim of excessiveness 
J-S30018-18

- 9 -

does not present a substantial question for review, a claim that the sentence 

is manifestly excessive, inflicting too severe a punishment, does present a 

substantial question.” Commonwealth v. Haynes, 125 A.3d 800, 807–08 

(Pa. Super. 2015). Therefore, we shall consider the merits of Appellant’s 

sentencing issue.

“In reviewing a challenge to the discretionary aspects of sentencing, we 

evaluate the court's decision under an abuse of discretion standard.” 

Commonwealth v. Stokes, 38 A.3d 846, 858 (Pa. Super. 2011). Further, 

“this Court’s review of the discretionary aspects of a sentence is confined by 

the statutory mandates of 42 Pa.C.S.[A.] § 9781(c) and (d).” 

Commonwealth v. Macias, 968 A.2d 773, 776–77 (Pa. Super. 2009). 

Section 9781(c) directs:

The appellate court shall vacate the sentence and remand the case 

to the sentencing court with instructions if it finds:

(1) the sentencing court purported to sentence within the 

sentencing guidelines but applied the guidelines erroneously;

(2) the sentencing court sentenced within the sentencing 

guidelines but the case involves circumstances where the 

application of the guidelines would be clearly unreasonable; or

(3) the sentencing court sentenced outside the sentencing 

guidelines and the sentence is unreasonable.

In all other cases the appellate court shall affirm the sentence 

imposed by the sentencing court.

42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9781(c).
J-S30018-18

- 10 -

Section 9781(d) directs that the appellate court, in reviewing the record, 

shall have regard for:

(1) The nature and circumstances of the offense and the history 

and characteristics of the defendant.

(2) The opportunity of the sentencing court to observe the 

defendant, including any presentence investigation.

(3) The findings upon which the sentence was based.

(4) The guidelines promulgated by the commission.

42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9781(d).

In the present case, Appellant committed a pattern of violent and 

disturbing crimes, including (1) pointing a firearm at various victims; (2) 

repeatedly threatening to kill his girlfriend, her little daughter, police officers, 

and the judge who presided over his preliminary hearing; (3) striking his 

girlfriend with a firearm; (4) resisting arrest, and (5) defecating in a police 

vehicle. His prior criminal history is lengthy as well. The trial court 

summarized Appellant’s background as follows:

[Appellant’s] prior [offenses] start[ed] in 2002 . . . with the charge 

of possession with intent to deliver; a 2002 escape; 2002, 

institutional vandalism; 2004, possession with intent to deliver 

where he was sentenced to 4 to 8 years and maxed out, was 

released from custody March 14th, of 2015; in 2015, there was a 

conviction for flight, an additional conviction for open lewdness. 

[Appellant] was in the community having been released from the 

state correctional institution for approximately six months before 

the instant arrest. His prior offenses began in [19]99 when he 

was convicted of three counts of robbery and one count of escape. 

His juvenile record began at age 12 and throughout his teenage 

years he was in a series of placements through the juvenile court 

facility, and was transferred back and forth because of physical 

and verbal abuse.
J-S30018-18

- 11 -

[Appellant] admits to daily drug use. He has no job history. 

[Appellant] has not done a single thing positive in his life. Family 

support has been offered a number of times, he always turned his 

back on it. And apparently he does better when he is in placement 

and is forced to take his medication. [Appellant] has very little, if 

any, mitigation in his behalf. He is a dangerous and violent 

person. He frequently uses drugs and guns in his criminal activity. 

He is an abuser both of his intimate partner as well as strangers.

I feel that he is not a candidate for rehabilitation. He’s been in jail 

both in the state system and the county system and that has not 

deterred any continued criminal relief. The record will reflect that 

[Appellant] is not RRRI eligible.

N.T., 4/26/17, at 5-6. Appellant’s present and past crimes, along with his 

shocking behavior at sentencing, establish that he is a violent and unstable 

individual not susceptible to rehabilitation. Thus, the trial court acted within 

its discretion in imposing a sentence of 25-50 years’ imprisonment.

Judgment of sentence affirmed.

Judgment Entered.

Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq.

Prothonotary

Date: 7/16/2018