United States Department of Labor 

Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board 

__________________________________________ 

J.S., Appellant 

and 

DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY, 

INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE, 

Holtsville, NY, Employer 

__________________________________________ 

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Docket No. 15-89 

Issued: February 20, 2015 

Appearances: Case Submitted on the Record

Alan J. Shapiro, Esq., for the appellant 

Office of Solicitor, for the Director 

DECISION AND ORDER 

Before: 

COLLEEN DUFFY KIKO, Judge 

PATRICIA HOWARD FITZGERALD, Judge 

ALEC J. KOROMILAS, Alternate Judge 

JURISDICTION 

On October 15, 2014 appellant, through counsel, timely appealed the September 24, 2014 

merit decision of the Office of Workers’ Compensation Programs (OWCP). Pursuant to the 

Federal Employees’ Compensation Act1

 (FECA) and 20 C.F.R. §§ 501.2(c) and 501.3, the Board 

has jurisdiction over the merits of the claim. 

ISSUE 

The issue is whether appellant sustained an injury in the performance of duty on or about 

October 25, 2013. 

FACTUAL HISTORY 

Appellant, a 58-year-old customer service representative, filed a claim (Form CA-2) for a 

right hand injury that allegedly arose on or about October 25, 2013. She attributed her condition 

 1

 5 U.S.C. §§ 8101-8193. 
2

to working on a computer. Initially, appellant did not submit any medical evidence with her 

November 7, 2013 claim. 

In a November 27, 2013 development letter, OWCP requested a more detailed 

description of the employment duties that appellant believed had caused her right hand/wrist 

condition. It also advised her to submit appropriate medical evidence in support of her claim. 

OWCP subsequently received November 20, 2013 treatment notes and an attending 

physician’s report (Form CA-20) from Dr. P. Warwick Green, a Board-certified orthopedic 

surgeon, who diagnosed sprain/strain of the right thumb and osteoarthritis of the hand. 

Dr. Green reported a sudden onset of sharp pain in right thumb, with swelling at the base of the 

thumb. This occurred while appellant was at work on October 25, 2013. X-rays of the right 

hand showed mild osteoarthritis of the carpometacarpal (CMC) joint. Dr. Green noted that the 

condition was employment related, and explained that appellant’s complaints represented an 

exacerbation of preexisting conditions due to work. He advised that she could return to work, 

but was unable to use her right hand. Dr. Green referred appellant for physical therapy. He also 

submitted a duty status report (Form CA-17). 

In a December 23, 2013 follow-up report, Dr. Green noted that appellant continued to 

experience pain at the base of her right thumb. He diagnosed osteoarthrosis of the hand, and 

advised her to continue physical therapy. Appellant returned on January 22, 2014 and reported 

that her right thumb had responded to physical therapy. Dr. Green diagnosed CMC sprain/strain 

and advised her to continue with physical therapy. He also noted that appellant had left thumb 

complaints as a consequence of transferring activities to her left upper extremity following her 

work injury. 

In a February 4, 2014 decision, OWCP denied appellant’s claim because she failed to 

establish fact of injury. Appellant did not submit a detailed description of her work-related 

activities as requested by OWCP on November 27, 2013. OWCP also found the medical 

evidence insufficient to establish an employment-related diagnosis. 

Counsel timely requested reconsideration. In support of the request, he submitted 

February 12 and April 23, 2014 reports from Dr. Sang H. Song, a Board-certified physiatrist. 

Dr. Song examined appellant on February 12, 2014. He noted that she was employed in 

customer service and had not missed any time from work. Appellant was right-handed and 

complained of right hand pain and paresthesias from work-related activity, mostly typing and 

using a computer mouse. She described the pain as sharp, tight, achy, stiff and stabbing. 

Appellant also reported feeling burning and tingling sensations. She rated the severity as 8 out 

of 10 at its worst. Appellant’s first three fingers of her right hand were most affected. The pain 

extended up her right forearm, and her right hand felt weak. Appellant’s symptoms reportedly 

worsened with sustained use of her hand, especially keyboarding. She reported difficulty 

picking up small items, like paper clips. Appellant also reported having neck pain. She denied 

any prior injury to her right hand. Dr. Song also noted that appellant recently consulted an 

orthopedic surgeon, who opined that her symptoms were due to “arthritis.” 
3

Dr. Song examined appellant and obtained electrodiagnostic studies of the neck and 

upper extremities electromyogram (EMG) nerve conduction study (NCS). The test results 

showed moderate bilateral carpal tunnel syndrome, right worse than left. Dr. Song also indicated 

that the study showed no evidence of cervical radiculitis. His clinical assessment was carpal 

tunnel syndrome and weakness.2

 Dr. Song stated that, based on the appellant’s history and 

physical examination, it was “probable that these injuries are causally related to the 

above-mentioned accident.” 

On April 23, 2014 Dr. Song provided additional information regarding the cause of 

appellant’s right hand condition. He noted that she had been diagnosed with right carpal tunnel 

syndrome, which was confirmed by EMG/NCS testing. Dr. Song further stated that it was his 

medical opinion that this condition was causally related to appellant’s repetitive work activities, 

including keyboarding (7 hours daily), operating a computer mouse (7 hours daily), stapling (4.5 

hours daily), and grasping paper clips (4.5 hours daily). 

In a June 18, 2014 decision, OWCP denied appellant’s request for reconsideration. 

Although appellant submitted new medical reports from Dr. Song, it found this evidence 

“irrelevant” absent a detailed statement from her describing the work-related activities she 

believed contributed to her right hand condition. Consequently, OWCP declined to review the 

merits of the claim. 

On June 26, 2014 counsel again requested reconsideration. This time, he submitted a 

June 23, 2014 statement from appellant regarding her employment duties. Appellant indicated 

that she was a customer service worker whose duties consisted of reconciling taxpayers’ 

accounts via correspondence and/or telephone. During the course of an eight-hour workday, she 

was responsible for processing tax returns, sending documents to central processing, and 

corresponding with taxpayers via letters. Appellant was also responsible for stapling and/or 

paper clipping documents. She performed this activity at least two hours a day, as needed. 

Appellant also stated that she was responsible for documenting each telephone conversation with 

a taxpayer. On any given day, she documented between 35 to 40 calls. Both paper and 

telephone communications were documented via computer. Appellant worked a 40-hour week, 

and each day she spent 7.2 hours keyboarding and using a mouse. Her disability affected the 

timeliness and accuracy of her case documentation responsibilities. 

By decision dated September 24, 2014, OWCP denied appellant’s claim because the 

medical evidence failed to establish a causal relationship between her diagnosed right carpal 

tunnel syndrome and her described duties as a customer service representative. 

LEGAL PRECEDENT 

A claimant seeking benefits under FECA has the burden of establishing the essential 

elements of his or her claim by the weight of the reliable, probative, and substantial evidence, 

 2

 Dr. Song’s treatment recommendation included physical therapy for the right wrist, nighttime splinting, 

anti-inflammatory medication (Meloxicam), and vitamins (B6). 
4

including that an injury was sustained in the performance of duty as alleged and that any specific 

condition or disability claimed is causally related to the employment injury.3

To establish that an injury was sustained in the performance of duty, a claimant must 

submit: (1) medical evidence establishing the presence or existence of the disease or condition 

for which compensation is claimed; (2) a factual statement identifying employment factors 

alleged to have caused or contributed to the presence or occurrence of the disease or condition; 

and (3) medical evidence establishing that the diagnosed condition is causally related to the 

identified employment factors.4

ANALYSIS 

Appellant claimed to have injured her right hand on or about October 25, 2013. She 

attributed this condition to her duties as a customer service representative, which she described 

as involving more than seven hours of daily keyboarding and using a mouse. Additional duties 

included stapling and/or paper clipping documents at least two hours a day, as needed. 

When Dr. Green examined appellant on November 20, 2013, he diagnosed sprain/strain 

of the right thumb and osteoarthritis of the hand. He noted that x-rays of the right hand showed 

mild osteoarthritis of the CMC joint. Dr. Green indicated appellant’s condition was employment 

related. He explained that her complaints represented a work-related exacerbation of preexisting 

conditions. However, Dr. Green did not exhibit a familiarity with appellant’s specific duties as a 

customer service representative. A physician’s opinion must be based on a complete factual and 

medical background and must be supported by medical rationale explaining the nature of the 

relationship between the diagnosed condition and appellant’s specific employment factors.5

 In 

follow-up treatment notes dated December 23, 2013 and January 22, 2014, Dr. Green diagnosed 

right hand osteoarthrosis and CMC sprain/strain, but again failed to identify any specific 

employment duties that either caused or contributed to appellant’s right hand condition. 

Dr. Song examined appellant on February 12, 2014 and diagnosed carpal tunnel 

syndrome. He was aware she had previously received a diagnosis of arthritis, but did not 

otherwise comment on the validity of this diagnosis. Dr. Song also did not review any prior 

x-rays or objective studies. However, his February 12, 2014 examination included EMG/NCS 

testing, which revealed moderate bilateral carpal tunnel syndrome, right worse than left. 

Dr. Song indicated that it was “probable” appellant’s “injuries” were causally related to “the 

 3

 20 C.F.R. § 10.115(e), (f); see Jacquelyn L. Oliver, 48 ECAB 232, 235-36 (1996). Causal relationship is a 

medical question, which generally requires rationalized medical opinion evidence to resolve the issue. See 

Robert G. Morris, 48 ECAB 238 (1996). A physician’s opinion on whether there is a causal relationship between 

the diagnosed condition and the implicated employment factors must be based on a complete factual and medical 

background. Victor J. Woodhams, 41 ECAB 345, 352 (1989). Additionally, the physician’s opinion must be 

expressed in terms of a reasonable degree of medical certainty and must be supported by medical rationale, 

explaining the nature of the relationship between the diagnosed condition and appellant’s specific employment 

factors. Id. 

4 Victor J. Woodhams, id. 

5 Id. 
5

above-mentioned accident.” His assessment was not only speculative, but also there was no 

mention of multiple “injuries” or a particular “accident” elsewhere in his report. In fact, 

Dr. Song noted in his history of present illness that appellant denied any prior injury to her right 

hand. 

Dr. Song attempted to clarify his position in a self-described “[letter of causality]” 

dated April 23, 2014. He first noted that appellant’s diagnosis of right carpal tunnel syndrome 

was confirmed by objective testing. Dr. Song next stated that he believed this condition was 

causally related to her repetitive work activities, including keyboarding (7 hours daily), operating 

a computer mouse (7 hours daily), stapling (4.5 hours daily), and grasping paper clips (4.5 hours 

daily). The Board notes that his representation of appellant’s daily keyboarding and mouse 

usage is consistent with her June 23, 2014 statement. Dr. Song failed to provide an explanation 

or rationale for his opinion on causal relationship. It is unclear from his various reports why he 

believes appellant’s repetitive work activities contributed to her right carpal tunnel syndrome. It 

is not enough to merely conclude that a condition is employment related. Moreover, Dr. Song 

did not specifically comment on appellant’s prior diagnosis of arthritis. As previously indicated, 

a physician’s opinion on causal relationship must be based on a complete factual and medical 

background and must be supported by medical rationale.6

The Board finds that the reports of Dr. Green and Dr. Song are insufficient to establish 

that appellant’s claimed right hand/wrist condition is employment related. Accordingly, OWCP 

properly denied appellant’s occupational disease claim. Appellant may submit new evidence or 

argument with a written request for reconsideration to OWCP within one year of this merit 

decision.7 

CONCLUSION 

Appellant failed to establish that her right carpal tunnel syndrome is causally related to 

her duties as a customer service representative. 

 6 Id. 

7

 5 U.S.C. § 8128(a); 20 C.F.R. §§ 10.605-10.607. 
6

ORDER 

IT IS HEREBY ORDERED THAT the September 24, 2014 decision of the Office of 

Workers’ Compensation Programs is affirmed. 

Issued: February 20, 2015 

Washington, DC 

 

 Colleen Duffy Kiko, Judge 

 Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board 

 

 Patricia Howard Fitzgerald, Judge 

 Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board 

 

 Alec J. Koromilas, Alternate Judge 

 Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board