II 

110TH CONGRESS 

1ST SESSION S. 765 

To establish a grant program to improve high school graduation rates and 

prepare students for college and work. 

IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES 

MARCH 6, 2007 

Mr. BURR (for himself and Mr. BINGAMAN) introduced the following bill; 

which was read twice and referred to the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions 

A BILL 

To establish a grant program to improve high school 

graduation rates and prepare students for college and work. 

1 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa2 tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 

3 SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS. 

4 (a) SHORT TITLE.—This Act may be cited as the 

5 ‘‘Graduate for a Better Future Act’’. 

6 (b) TABLE OF CONTENTS.—The table of contents to 

7 this Act is as follows: 

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents. 

Sec. 2. Findings. 

Sec. 3. Purposes. 

Sec. 4. Definitions. 

Sec. 5. Program authorized. 

Sec. 6. Reporting and accountability. 


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Sec. 7. Evaluation and report. 

Sec. 8. Authorization of appropriations. 

1 SEC. 2. FINDINGS. 

2 Congress makes the following findings: 

3 (1) The high school graduation rate for the 

4 class of 2003 was only 70 percent nationwide. Thus, 

almost 1 5 ⁄3 of American students who enter high 

6 school in 9th grade drop out of school and never re7 ceive a high school diploma. 

8 (2) Large disparities exist in the high school 

9 graduation rates among various subgroups of stu10 dents. Although the high school graduation rate for 

11 white students was 78 percent in 2003, the rate for 

12 African American students was only 55 percent, and 

13 the rate for Hispanic students was only 53 percent. 

14 (3) For students in approximately 2,000 high 

15 schools across the United States, the chance of grad16 uating from high school is less than 60 percent. 

17 (4) In 2003, 3,500,000 Americans ages 16 to 

18 25 did not have a high school diploma and were not 

19 enrolled in school. 

20 (5) To retain its competitive edge in the world 

21 economy, it is essential that America’s youth be pre22 pared for the jobs of today and for the jobs of the 

23 future. Such jobs increasingly require a post-sec24 ondary education. 


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1 (6) Individuals without a high school diploma 

2 experience higher rates of unemployment, incarcer3 ation, living in poverty, and receiving public assist4 ance than individuals with at least a high school di5 ploma. 

6 (7) Over his or her lifetime, an individual with7 out a high school diploma will earn approximately 

8 $1,100,000 less than an individual with a bachelor’s 

9 degree, $1,500,000 less than an individual with a 

10 master’s degree, and $2,400,000 less than an indi11 vidual with a doctoral degree. 

12 SEC. 3. PURPOSES. 

13 The purposes of this Act are— 

14 (1) to create models of excellence for academi15 cally rigorous high schools, including early college 

16 high schools, in order to prepare all students for col17 lege and work; 

18 (2) to raise high school graduation rates and 

19 college-going rates; 

20 (3) to reduce college remediation rates; 

21 (4) to create a seamless curriculum between 

22 high school and college; 

23 (5) to improve teaching and curricula to make 

24 high school more rigorous and relevant; 


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1 (6) to improve instruction and access to sup2 ports for struggling high school students; 

3 (7) to improve communication between parents, 

4 students, and schools; and 

5 (8) to create, implement, and utilize early warn6 ing systems to help identify students at risk of drop7 ping out of high school, especially systems that mon8 itor student absenteeism. 

9 SEC. 4. DEFINITIONS. 

10 (1) ADVANCED PLACEMENT OR INTERNATIONAL

11 BACCALAUREATE COURSE.—The term ‘‘Advanced 

12 Placement or International Baccalaureate course’’ 

13 means a course of college-level instruction provided 

14 to middle school or secondary school students, termi15 nating in an examination administered by the Col16 lege Board or the International Baccalaureate Orga17 nization. 

18 (2) COLLEGE-GOING RATE.—The term ‘‘college19 going rate’’ means the percentage of high school 

20 graduates who enroll at an institution of higher edu21 cation in the school year immediately following grad22 uation from high school. 

23 (3) DUAL CREDIT COURSES.—The term ‘‘dual 

24 credit course’’ means a college course that— 


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1 (A) may be taken at a high school or at an 

2 institution of higher education; 

3 (B) is taught by— 

4 (i) college faculty; or 

5 (ii) high school faculty with creden6 tials that the eligible entity determines are 

7 appropriate; and 

8 (C) the successful completion of which can 

9 earn high school academic credit as well as col10 lege academic credit. 

11 (4) ELIGIBLE ENTITY.—The term ‘‘eligible enti12 ty’’ means— 

13 (A) a State educational agency; 

14 (B) a national, regional, or statewide non15 profit organization with expertise and experi16 ence in working with local educational agencies 

17 and high schools to raise high school academic 

18 achievement, high school graduation rates, and 

19 college-going rates; or 

20 (C) a partnership consisting of a State 

21 educational agency and an entity described in 

22 subparagraph (B). 

23 (5) ELIGIBLE LOCAL EDUCATIONAL AGENCY.— 

24 The term ‘‘eligible local educational agency’’ means 


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1 a local educational agency with a high school grad2 uation rate of 60 percent or less— 

3 (A) in the aggregate; or 

4 (B) applicable to 2 or more of the fol5 lowing subgroups of high school students served 

6 by the local educational agency: 

7 (i) Economically disadvantaged stu8 dents. 

9 (ii) Students from major racial or eth10 nic groups. 

11 (6) HIGH SCHOOL.—The term ‘‘high school’’ 

12 means a nonprofit institutional day or residential 

13 school, including a public charter high school, that 

14 provides high school education, as determined under 

15 State law. 

16 (7) HIGH SCHOOL GRADUATION RATE.—The 

17 term ‘‘high school graduation rate’’ means the per18 centage of students who graduate from high school 

19 with a regular diploma in the standard number of 

20 years as measured by a valid and reliable measure 

21 of high school graduation rates, such as the aver22 aged freshman graduation rate. 

23 (8) INSTITUTION OF HIGHER EDUCATION.—The 

24 term ‘‘institution of higher education’’ has the 


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1 meaning given the term in section 101(a) of the 

2 Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001(a)). 

3 (9) LOCAL EDUCATIONAL AGENCY.—The term 

4 ‘‘local educational agency’’ has the meaning given 

5 the term in section 9101 of the Elementary and Sec6 ondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7801). 

7 (10) PARENT.—The term ‘‘parent’’ has the 

8 meaning given the term in section 9101 of the Ele9 mentary and Secondary Education Act of 1965. 

10 (11) RIGOROUS SECONDARY SCHOOL PROGRAM

11 OF STUDY.—The term ‘‘rigorous secondary school 

12 program of study’’ means a rigorous secondary 

13 school program of study recognized as such by the 

14 Secretary for purposes of subparagraph (A)(i) or 

15 (B)(i) of section 401A(c)(3) of the Higher Edu16 cation Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1070a–1(c)(3)). 

17 (12) SECRETARY.—The term ‘‘Secretary’’ 

18 means the Secretary of Education. 

19 (13) STATE EDUCATIONAL AGENCY.—The term 

20 ‘‘State educational agency’’ has the meaning given 

21 the term in section 9101 of the Elementary and Sec22 ondary Education Act of 1965. 

23 (14) STUDENT WITH A DISABILITY.—The term 

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1 ability, as defined in section 602 of the Individuals 

2 with Disabilities Education Act (20 U.S.C. 1401). 

3 SEC. 5. PROGRAM AUTHORIZED. 

4 (a) IN GENERAL.—From amounts appropriated 

5 under section 8 for a fiscal year, the Secretary is author6 ized to award grants, on a competitive basis, to eligible 

7 entities to enable eligible entities to award subgrants to 

8 eligible local educational agencies for the authorized activi9 ties described in subsection (d). 

10 (b) DURATION.— 

11 (1) GRANTS.—The Secretary may award grants 

12 under this Act (other than a planning grant under 

13 subsection (c)(3)) for a period of not more than 6 

14 years. 

15 (2) SUBGRANTS.—An eligible entity may award 

16 subgrants under this Act for a period of not more 

17 than 5 years. 

18 (c) ELIGIBLE ENTITY AUTHORIZED ACTIVITIES.— 

19 (1) DISTRIBUTION.—An eligible entity that re20 ceives a grant under this Act— 

21 (A) shall reserve not more than 15 percent 

22 of the grant funds to carry out the activities de23 scribed in paragraphs (2) through (5); and 

24 (B) shall use not less than 85 percent of 

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1 petitive basis, to eligible local educational agen2 cies to enable the eligible local educational 

3 agencies to carry out the authorized activities 

4 described in subsection (d). 

5 (2) STATE LEVEL PLANNING AND ADMINISTRA6 TION.—An eligible entity that receives a grant under 

7 this Act may use the grant funds reserved under 

8 paragraph (1)(A) for planning and administration, 

9 including— 

10 (A) evaluating applications from eligible 

11 local educational agencies; 

12 (B) administering the distribution of sub13 grants to eligible local educational agencies; and 

14 (C) assessing and evaluating, on a regular 

15 basis, eligible local educational agency activities 

16 carried out under this Act, including regularly 

17 evaluating the academic rigor of courses at high 

18 schools in the State that receive funding under 

19 this Act. 

20 (3) LOCAL EDUCATIONAL AGENCY PLANNING

21 GRANTS.— 

22 (A) IN GENERAL.—From amounts reserved 

23 under paragraph (1)(A), an eligible entity may 

24 award a planning grant to an eligible local edu25 cational agency. 


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1 (B) AMOUNT.—An eligible entity shall 

2 award each planning grant under this para3 graph in the amount of $10,000. 

4 (C) DURATION AND USE OF PLANNING

5 GRANT FUNDS.—Each planning grant shall 

6 be— 

7 (i) awarded for a period of 1 year; 

8 (ii) nonrenewable; and 

9 (iii) used to plan and apply for a 

10 subgrant awarded under paragraph (1)(B). 

11 (4) TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE FOR LOCAL EDU12 CATIONAL AGENCIES.—An eligible entity that re13 ceives a grant under this Act may use the grant 

14 funds reserved under paragraph (1)(A) for technical 

15 assistance, including— 

16 (A) assisting eligible local educational 

17 agencies in accomplishing the tasks required to 

18 implement a program under this Act; 

19 (B) implementing a program of profes20 sional development for teachers and administra21 tors, in high schools that receive funding under 

22 this Act, that prepares teachers and administra23 tors to implement the authorized activities de24 scribed in subsection (d); and 


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1 (C) assisting eligible local educational 

2 agencies in designing a program to be assisted 

3 under this Act. 

4 (5) REPORTING.—An eligible entity that re5 ceives a grant under this Act may use the grant 

6 funds reserved under paragraph (1)(A) for annually 

7 providing the Secretary with a report on the imple8 mentation of this section as required under section 

9 6. 

10 (d) ELIGIBLE LOCAL EDUCATIONAL AGENCY AU11 THORIZED ACTIVITIES.—Each eligible local educational 

12 agency receiving a subgrant under this Act, shall use the 

13 subgrant funds to carry out each of the following activi14 ties: 

15 (1) To implement a college-preparatory cur16 riculum for all students in a high school served by 

17 the eligible local educational agency under this Act 

18 (and for students with disabilities in accordance with 

19 the individualized education program of the student) 

20 that is, at a minimum, aligned with a rigorous sec21 ondary school program of study. 

22 (2) To implement accelerated academic catch23 up programs, for students who enter high school not 

24 meeting proficient levels of academic achievement in 

25 mathematics, reading or language arts, or science, 


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1 that enable such students to meet the proficient lev2 els of achievement and remain on track to graduate 

3 from high school on time with a regular high school 

4 diploma. 

5 (3) To implement an early warning system to 

6 quickly identify students at risk of dropping out of 

7 high school, including systems that track student ab8 senteeism. 

9 (4) To implement a system of student and 

10 classroom progress monitoring, which may include 

11 the adoption and use of diagnostic or formative as12 sessments that— 

13 (A) measure student academic progress in 

14 the core academic areas; and 

15 (B) may identify areas in which students 

16 need additional academic assistance and sup17 port. 

18 (5) To implement a comprehensive college guid19 ance program that— 

20 (A) will ensure that all students in a high 

21 school served by the eligible local educational 

22 agency under this Act, and their parents, are 

23 regularly notified throughout the students’ time 

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1 quirements and college entrance requirements; 

2 and 

3 (B) provides guidance and assistance to 

4 students in applying to an institution of higher 

5 education and in applying for Federal financial 

6 aid assistance and other State, local, and pri7 vate financial aid assistance and scholarships. 

8 (6) To implement a program that offers, all 

9 students in a high school served by the eligible local 

10 educational agency under this Act, opportunities for 

11 work-based and experiential learning experiences, 

12 such as job-shadowing, internships, and community 

13 service. 

14 (7) To implement a program that ensures that 

15 all students in a high school served by the eligible 

16 local educational agency under this Act, have access 

17 to and enroll in courses in which the students may 

18 earn college credit for courses taken while in high 

19 school, such as a dual credit course, or an Advanced 

20 Placement or International Baccalaureate course. 

21 (8) To implement a program of student advise22 ment in which all students in a high school served 

23 by the eligible local educational agency under this 

24 Act are assigned and have regular meetings with an 

25 academic teacher advisor. 


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1 (9) To implement a program of teacher profes2 sional development and institutional leadership that 

3 includes use of diagnostic and formative assessments 

4 to identify student and teacher needs, to assess 

5 classroom practice, and to improve classroom in6 struction. 

7 (e) APPLICATIONS.— 

8 (1) ELIGIBLE ENTITY.—Each eligible entity de9 siring a grant under this Act shall submit an appli10 cation to the Secretary at such time and in such 

11 manner as the Secretary may require. Each applica12 tion shall— 

13 (A) include a description of how subgrants 

14 made by the eligible entity under this Act will 

15 meet the requirements described in subsection 

16 (d); 

17 (B) include a description of the peer review 

18 process the eligible entity shall use to evaluate 

19 applications from eligible local educational 

20 agencies; 

21 (C) contain an assurance that the eligible 

22 entity, and any eligible local educational agen23 cies receiving a subgrant from that eligible enti24 ty, will, if requested, participate in the inde25 pendent evaluation under section 7(1); 


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1 (D) describe how the eligible entity will use 

2 grant funds received under this section; 

3 (E) describe how the eligible entity will as4 sist eligible local educational agencies that re5 ceive planning grant funds or subgrant funds 

6 under this Act in securing any necessary waiv7 ers from the State educational agency that may 

8 be required to carry out the requirements of 

9 this Act, such as waivers with respect to budg10 eting, school structure, staffing, and flexible use 

11 of resources and time; and 

12 (F) describe how the eligible entity will as13 sess and evaluate, on a regular basis, eligible 

14 local educational agency activities carried out 

15 under this Act, including regularly evaluating 

16 the academic rigor of courses at high schools in 

17 the State that receive funding under this Act. 

18 (2) ELIGIBLE LOCAL EDUCATIONAL AGENCY.— 

19 Each eligible local educational agency desiring a 

20 subgrant under this section shall submit an applica21 tion to the eligible entity at such time and in such 

22 manner as the eligible entity may require. Each ap23 plication shall— 

24 (A) include a description of each high 

25 school that will receive funding from the eligible 


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1 local educational agency under this Act, includ2 ing such high school graduation, academic 

3 achievement, demographic, and socioeconomic 

4 data as the eligible entity may request; 

5 (B) contain an assurance that academic 

6 merit tests will not be used to determine stu7 dent enrollment in each such high school; 

8 (C) contain a description of specific out9 reach and recruitment efforts at each such high 

10 school that will be undertaken for student popu11 lations historically underrepresented at institu12 tions of higher education; 

13 (D) contain an assurance that a college14 preparatory curriculum will be offered to all 

15 students at each such high school (and to stu16 dents with disabilities in accordance with the 

17 individualized education program of the stu18 dent), that is, at a minimum, aligned with a 

19 rigorous secondary school program of study; 

20 (E) include a comprehensive description of 

21 how curriculum at each such high school will be 

22 developed, structured, and delivered; 

23 (F) include clearly delineated benchmarks 

24 for improved student academic achievement, 


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1 high school graduation rates, and college-going 

2 rates at each such high school; 

3 (G) include a description of assessments 

4 that will be used at each such high school, in5 cluding assessments for school accountability 

6 purposes and student progress monitoring pur7 poses; 

8 (H) contain a comprehensive plan for pro9 fessional development at each such high school 

10 that includes intended changes in teaching 

11 practices that will result in improved student 

12 academic achievement, high school graduation 

13 rates, and college-going rates; 

14 (I) include a detailed description of work15 based and experiential learning experiences that 

16 will be offered for all students at each such 

17 high school, such as job shadowing, internships, 

18 and community service; 

19 (J) contain an assurance that all students 

20 at each such high school will be assigned and 

21 have regular access to an academic teacher ad22 visor; 

23 (K) contain an assurance that the eligible 

24 local educational agency will grant each such 

25 high school any necessary waivers from local 


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1 educational agency policies and rules that may 

2 be required to carry out the requirements of 

3 this Act, such as waivers with respect to budg4 eting, school structure, staffing, and flexible use 

5 of resources and time; 

6 (L) include a plan that details how pro7 grams assisted under this Act will be sustained 

8 after the end of subgrant funding under this 

9 Act; 

10 (M) in the case of dual credit courses and 

11 early college high schools, contain formal agree12 ments between the eligible local educational 

13 agency and institutions of higher education that 

14 detail shared responsibility for each such high 

15 school and students at the high school; 

16 (N) include a description of school staffing 

17 considerations and how teachers will be selected 

18 for each such high school; 

19 (O) include a detailed plan of the college 

20 awareness program at each such high school 

21 that addresses applying for admission to an in22 stitution of higher education and applying for 

23 financial aid; and 

24 (P) contain an assurance that the eligible 

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1 ble entity all data necessary for the eligible en2 tity’s report under section 6. 

3 (f) MATCHING REQUIREMENT.— 

4 (1) IN GENERAL.—Subject to paragraph (2), 

5 each eligible entity that receives a grant under this 

6 section shall provide, toward the cost of the activities 

7 assisted under the grant, from non-Federal sources, 

8 an amount equal to 100 percent of the amount of 

9 the grant. 

10 (2) WAIVER.—The Secretary may waive all or 

11 part of the matching requirement described in para12 graph (1) for any fiscal year for an eligible entity if 

13 the Secretary determines that applying the matching 

14 requirement to such eligible entity would result in 

15 serious hardship or an inability to carry out the au16 thorized activities described in subsection (c). 

17 (3) SUPPLEMENT NOT SUPPLANT.—Grant 

18 funds provided under this Act shall be used to sup19 plement, not supplant, other Federal and State 

20 funds available to carry out the activities described 

21 in subsection (d). 

22 SEC. 6. REPORTING AND ACCOUNTABILITY. 

23 (a) COLLECTION OF DATA.—Each eligible entity re24 ceiving a grant under this Act shall collect and report an25 nually to the Secretary such information on the results 


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1 of the activities assisted under the grant as the Secretary 

2 may reasonably require, including information on— 

3 (1) the number and percentage of students in 

4 the State who are assisted under this Act and grad5 uate from high school on time with a regular high 

6 school diploma; 

7 (2) the number and percentage of students, at 

8 each grade level, in the State who are assisted under 

9 this Act and meet or exceed State reading or lan10 guage arts, mathematics, or science standards, as 

11 measured by State academic assessments required 

12 under section 1111(b)(3) of the Elementary and 

13 Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 

14 6311(b)(3)); 

15 (3) the number and percentage of students, at 

16 each grade level, in the State who are assisted under 

17 this Act and are on track to graduate from high 

18 school on time and with a regular high school di19 ploma; 

20 (4) the number and percentage of students in 

21 the State who are assisted under this Act and par22 ticipate in work-based and experiential learning ex23 periences, such as job shadowing, internships, com24 munity service, and descriptive information on the 


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1 types of experiences in which such students partici2 pated; 

3 (5) the number and percentage of students, in 

4 grades 11 and 12, in the State who are assisted 

5 under this Act and enrolled in not less than 2 of the 

6 following: 

7 (A) a dual credit course; or 

8 (B) an Advanced Placement or Inter9 national Baccalaureate course; 

10 (6) the number and percentage of students in 

11 the State who are assisted under this Act and re12 ceive a passing grade or higher for a dual credit 

13 course, or an Advanced Placement or International 

14 Baccalaureate course; 

15 (7) the number and percentage of students in 

16 the State who are assisted under this Act and apply 

17 to an institution of higher education while still in 

18 high school; 

19 (8) the number and percentage of students in 

20 the State who are assisted under this Act and are 

21 accepted to an institution of higher education while 

22 still in high school; 

23 (9) the number and percentage of students in 

24 the State who are assisted under this Act and enroll 

25 in an institution of higher education in the school 


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1 year immediately following the students’ high school 

2 graduation; 

3 (10) the number and percentage of students in 

4 the State who are assisted under this Act and en5 rolled in remedial mathematics or English courses 

6 during their freshman year at an institution of high7 er education; 

8 (11) the number and percentage of students, in 

9 grade 10, in the State who are assisted under this 

10 Act and take the PSAT; and 

11 (12) the number and percentage of students, in 

12 grades 11 and 12, in the State who are assisted 

13 under this Act and take the SAT or ACT, and the 

14 students’ mean scores on such assessments. 

15 (b) REPORTING OF DATA.—Each eligible entity re16 ceiving a grant under this section shall report the informa17 tion required under subsection (a) disaggregated in the 

18 same manner as information is disaggregated under sec19 tion 1111(h)(1)(C)(i) of the Elementary and Secondary 

20 Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1111(b)(1)(C)(i)). 

21 SEC. 7. EVALUATION AND REPORT. 

22 From the amount appropriated for any fiscal year 

23 under section 8, the Secretary shall reserve such sums as 

24 may be necessary— 


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1 (1) to conduct an independent evaluation, by 

2 grant or by contract, of the program carried out 

3 under this Act, which shall include an assessment of 

4 the impact of the program on high school graduation 

5 rates, college-going rates, and student academic 

6 achievement; and 

7 (2) to prepare and submit a report on the re8 sults of the evaluation described in paragraph (1) to 

9 the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and 

10 Pensions of the Senate and the Committee on Edu11 cation and Labor of the House of Representatives. 

12 SEC. 8. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. 

13 There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out 

14 this Act $500,000,000 for fiscal year 2008 and such sums 

15 as may be necessary for each of the 5 succeeding fiscal 

16 years. 

Æ 


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