EX-4.5



 Exhibit 4.5 
  

 
 ESCALERA RESOURCES CO. 

AS ISSUER 
 AND 

TO 

[            ], 

AS TRUSTEE 
 SUBORDINATED
INDENTURE 
 DATED AS OF [            ], 201[    ]

  
  







 TABLE OF CONTENTS 

 

									
	 	 	 	  	 	  	Page	 
	ARTICLE ONE	  	DEFINITIONS AND OTHER PROVISIONS OF GENERAL APPLICATION	  	 	1	  
		 	SECTION 101.	  	Definitions	  	 	1	  
		 	SECTION 102.	  	Compliance Certificates and Opinions	  	 	6	  
		 	SECTION 103.	  	Form of Documents Delivered to Trustee	  	 	6	  
		 	SECTION 104.	  	Acts of Holders; Record Dates	  	 	7	  
		 	SECTION 105.	  	Notices, Etc., to Trustee and Company	  	 	8	  
		 	SECTION 106.	  	Notice to Holders; Waiver	  	 	9	  
		 	SECTION 107.	  	Conflict with Trust Indenture Act	  	 	9	  
		 	SECTION 108.	  	Effect of Headings and Table of Contents	  	 	9	  
		 	SECTION 109.	  	Successors and Assigns	  	 	9	  
		 	SECTION 110.	  	Separability Clause	  	 	9	  
		 	SECTION 111.	  	Benefits of Indenture	  	 	9	  
		 	SECTION 112.	  	Governing Law	  	 	9	  
		 	SECTION 113.	  	Legal Holidays	  	 	10	  
		 	SECTION 114.	  	No Recourse Against Others	  	 	10	  
			
	ARTICLE TWO	  	SECURITY FORMS	  	 	10	  
		 	SECTION 201.	  	Forms Generally	  	 	10	  
		 	SECTION 202.	  	Form of Face of Security	  	 	10	  
		 	SECTION 203.	  	Form of Reverse of Security	  	 	12	  
		 	SECTION 204.	  	[Intentionally Omitted]	  	 	15	  
		 	SECTION 205.	  	Form of Legend for Global Securities	  	 	15	  
		 	SECTION 206.	  	Form of Trustee’s Certificate of Authentication	  	 	15	  
			
	ARTICLE THREE	  	THE SECURITIES	  	 	16	  
		 	SECTION 301.	  	Amount Unlimited; Issuable in Series	  	 	16	  
		 	SECTION 302.	  	Denominations	  	 	18	  
		 	SECTION 303.	  	Execution, Authentication, Delivery and Dating	  	 	18	  
		 	SECTION 304.	  	Temporary Securities	  	 	19	  
		 	SECTION 305.	  	Registration, Registration of Transfer and Exchange	  	 	20	  
		 	SECTION 306.	  	Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost and Stolen Securities	  	 	21	  
		 	SECTION 307.	  	Payment of Interest; Interest Rights Preserved	  	 	21	  
		 	SECTION 308.	  	Persons Deemed Owners	  	 	22	  
		 	SECTION 309.	  	Cancellation	  	 	22	  
		 	SECTION 310.	  	Computation of Interest	  	 	23	  
			
	ARTICLE FOUR	  	SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE	  	 	23	  
		 	SECTION 401.	  	Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture	  	 	23	  
		 	SECTION 402.	  	Application of Trust Money	  	 	24	  
			
	ARTICLE FIVE	  	REMEDIES	  	 	24	  
		 	SECTION 501.	  	Events of Default	  	 	24	  
		 	SECTION 502.	  	Acceleration of Maturity; Rescission and Annulment	  	 	25	  
		 	SECTION 503.	  	Collection of Indebtedness and Suits for Enforcement by Trustee	  	 	26	  
		 	SECTION 504.	  	Trustee May File Proofs of Claim	  	 	26	  
		 	SECTION 505.	  	Trustee May Enforce Claims Without Possession of Securities	  	 	26	  
		 	SECTION 506.	  	Application of Money Collected	  	 	27	  
		 	SECTION 507.	  	Limitation on Suits	  	 	27	  
		 	SECTION 508.	  	Unconditional Right of Holders to Receive Principal, Premium and Interest	  	 	27	  


  
 ii 









									
		 	SECTION 509.	  	Restoration of Rights and Remedies	  	 	28	  
		 	SECTION 510.	  	Rights and Remedies Cumulative	  	 	28	  
		 	SECTION 511.	  	Delay or Omission Not Waiver	  	 	28	  
		 	SECTION 512.	  	Control by Holders	  	 	28	  
		 	SECTION 513.	  	Waiver of Past Defaults	  	 	28	  
		 	SECTION 514.	  	Undertaking for Costs	  	 	29	  
		 	SECTION 515.	  	Waiver of Usury, Stay or Extension Laws	  	 	29	  
			
	 ARTICLE SIX
	  	THE TRUSTEE	  	 	29	  
		 	SECTION 601.	  	Certain Duties and Responsibilities	  	 	29	  
		 	SECTION 602.	  	Notice of Defaults	  	 	29	  
		 	SECTION 603.	  	Certain Rights of Trustee	  	 	29	  
		 	SECTION 604.	  	Not Responsible for Recitals or Issuance of Securities	  	 	30	  
		 	SECTION 605.	  	May Hold Securities	  	 	30	  
		 	SECTION 606.	  	Money Held in Trust	  	 	30	  
		 	SECTION 607.	  	Compensation and Reimbursement	  	 	30	  
		 	SECTION 608.	  	Conflicting Interests	  	 	31	  
		 	SECTION 609.	  	Corporate Trustee Required; Eligibility	  	 	31	  
		 	SECTION 610.	  	Resignation and Removal; Appointment of Successor	  	 	31	  
		 	SECTION 611.	  	Acceptance of Appointment by Successor	  	 	32	  
		 	SECTION 612.	  	Merger, Conversion, Consolidation or Succession to Business	  	 	33	  
		 	SECTION 613.	  	Preferential Collection of Claims Against Company	  	 	33	  
		 	SECTION 614.	  	Appointment of Authenticating Agent	  	 	33	  
			
	 ARTICLE SEVEN
	  	HOLDERS’ LISTS AND REPORTS BY TRUSTEE AND COMPANY	  	 	34	  
		 	SECTION 701.	  	Company to Furnish Trustee Names and Addresses of Holders	  	 	34	  
		 	SECTION 702.	  	Preservation of Information; Communications to Holders	  	 	35	  
		 	SECTION 703.	  	Reports by Trustee	  	 	35	  
		 	SECTION 704.	  	Reports by Company	  	 	35	  
			
	 ARTICLE EIGHT
	  	CONSOLIDATION, MERGER, CONVEYANCE, TRANSFER OR LEASE	  	 	35	  
		 	SECTION 801.	  	Company May Consolidate, Etc., Only on Certain Terms	  	 	35	  
		 	SECTION 802.	  	[Intentionally Omitted]	  	 	36	  
		 	SECTION 803.	  	Successor Substituted	  	 	36	  
			
	 ARTICLE NINE
	  	SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES	  	 	36	  
		 	SECTION 901.	  	Supplemental Indentures Without Consent of Holders	  	 	36	  
		 	SECTION 902.	  	Supplemental Indentures With Consent of Holders	  	 	37	  
		 	SECTION 903.	  	Execution of Supplemental Indentures	  	 	38	  
		 	SECTION 904.	  	Effect of Supplemental Indentures	  	 	38	  
		 	SECTION 905.	  	Conformity with Trust Indenture Act	  	 	38	  
		 	SECTION 906.	  	Reference in Securities to Supplemental Indentures	  	 	39	  
			
	 ARTICLE TEN
	  	COVENANTS	  	 	39	  
		 	SECTION 1001.	  	Payment of Principal, Premium and Interest	  	 	39	  
		 	SECTION 1002.	  	Maintenance of Office or Agency	  	 	39	  
		 	SECTION 1003.	  	Money for Securities Payments to Be Held in Trust	  	 	39	  
		 	SECTION 1004.	  	Statement by Officers as to Default	  	 	40	  
		 	SECTION 1005.	  	Existence	  	 	40	  
		 	SECTION 1006.	  	Maintenance of Properties	  	 	41	  
		 	SECTION 1007.	  	Payment of Taxes and Other Claims	  	 	41	  
		 	SECTION 1008.	  	Maintenance of Insurance	  	 	41	  
		 	SECTION 1009.	  	Waiver of Certain Covenants	  	 	41	  


  
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	 ARTICLE ELEVEN
	  	REDEMPTION OF SECURITIES	  	 	41	  
		 	SECTION 1101.	  	Applicability of Article	  	 	41	  
		 	SECTION 1102.	  	Election to Redeem; Notice to Trustee	  	 	41	  
		 	SECTION 1103.	  	Selection by Trustee of Securities to Be Redeemed	  	 	42	  
		 	SECTION 1104.	  	Notice of Redemption	  	 	42	  
		 	SECTION 1105.	  	Deposit of Redemption Price	  	 	43	  
		 	SECTION 1106.	  	Securities Payable on Redemption Date	  	 	43	  
		 	SECTION 1107.	  	Securities Redeemed in Part	  	 	43	  
			
	 ARTICLE TWELVE
	  	SUBORDINATION OF SECURITIES	  	 	44	  
		 	SECTION 1201.	  	Applicability of Article	  	 	44	  
		 	SECTION 1202.	  	Securities Subordinate to Senior Debt	  	 	44	  
		 	SECTION 1203.	  	Payment Over of Proceeds Upon Dissolution, Etc.	  	 	44	  
		 	SECTION 1204.	  	No Payment When Senior Debt of the Company in Default	  	 	45	  
		 	SECTION 1205.	  	Payment Permitted If No Default	  	 	46	  
		 	SECTION 1206.	  	Subrogation to Rights of Holders of Senior Debt of the Company	  	 	46	  
		 	SECTION 1207.	  	Provisions Solely to Define Relative Rights	  	 	46	  
		 	SECTION 1208.	  	Trustee to Effectuate Subordination	  	 	46	  
		 	SECTION 1209.	  	No Waiver of Subordination Provisions	  	 	47	  
		 	SECTION 1210.	  	Notice to Trustee	  	 	47	  
		 	SECTION 1211.	  	Reliance on Judicial Order or Certificate of Liquidating Agent	  	 	47	  
		 	SECTION 1212.	  	Trustee Not Fiduciary for Holders of Senior Debt of the Company	  	 	48	  
		 	SECTION 1213.	  	Rights of Trustee as Holder of Senior Debt of the Company; Preservation of Trustee’s Rights	  	 	48	  
		 	SECTION 1214.	  	Article Applicable to Paying Agents	  	 	48	  
		 	SECTION 1215.	  	Defeasance of this Article Twelve	  	 	48	  
		
	 ARTICLE THIRTEEN [INTENTIONALLY OMITTED]
	  	 	48	  
		
	 ARTICLE FOURTEEN [INTENTIONALLY OMITTED]
	  	 	48	  
			
	 ARTICLE FIFTEEN
	  	DEFEASANCE AND COVENANT DEFEASANCE	  	 	48	  
		 	SECTION 1501.	  	Company’s Option to Effect Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance	  	 	48	  
		 	SECTION 1502.	  	Defeasance and Discharge	  	 	49	  
		 	SECTION 1503.	  	Covenant Defeasance	  	 	49	  
		 	SECTION 1504.	  	Conditions to Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance	  	 	49	  
		 	SECTION 1505.	  	Deposited Money and U.S. Government Obligations to Be Held in Trust; Miscellaneous Provisions	  	 	51	  
		 	SECTION 1506.	  	Reinstatement	  	 	51	  
			
	 ARTICLE SIXTEEN
	  	SINKING FUNDS	  	 	51	  
		 	SECTION 1601.	  	Applicability of Article	  	 	51	  
		 	SECTION 1602.	  	Satisfaction of Sinking Fund Payments with Securities	  	 	52	  
		 	SECTION 1603.	  	Redemption of Securities for Sinking Fund	  	 	52	  


  
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 ESCALERA RESOURCES CO. 

RECONCILIATION AND TIE OF CERTAIN SECTIONS OF THIS INDENTURE RELATING TO SECTIONS 310 THROUGH 318, INCLUSIVE, OF THE TRUST INDENTURE ACT OF 1939: 

 

			
	 TRUST INDENTURE

ACT SECTION
	  	 INDENTURE
SECTION

	Section 310(a)(1)	  	609
	(a)(2)	  	609
	(a)(3)	  	Not Applicable
	(a)(4)	  	Not Applicable
	(b)	  	608
		  	610
	Section 311(a)	  	613
	(b)	  	613
	Section 312(a)	  	701
		  	702
	(b)	  	702
	(c)	  	702
	Section 313(a)	  	703
	(b)	  	703
	(c)	  	703
	(d)	  	703
	Section 314(a)	  	704
	(a)(4)	  	101
		  	1004
	(b)	  	Not Applicable
	(c)(1)	  	102
	(c)(2)	  	102
	(c)(3)	  	Not Applicable
	(d)	  	Not Applicable
	(e)	  	102
	Section 315(a)	  	601
	(b)	  	602
	(c)	  	601
	(d)	  	601
	(e)	  	514
	Section 316	  	512
	(a)(1)(A)	  	512
	(a)(1)(B)	  	513
	(a)(2)	  	Not Applicable
	(b)	  	508
	(c)	  	104
	Section 317(a)(1)	  	503
	(a)(2)	  	504
	(b)	  	1003
	Section 318(a)	  	107

 NOTE: This reconciliation and tie shall not, for any purpose, be deemed to be a part of the Indenture. 

  
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 INDENTURE, dated as of
[            ], 20[    ], among Escalera Resources Co., a corporation duly organized and existing under the laws of the State of Maryland (herein called the
“Company”), having its principal office at 1675 Broadway, Suite 2200, Denver, Colorado 80202, and [            ] , a [    ] duly organized and existing
under the laws of [    ] , as Trustee (herein called the “Trustee”). 
 RECITALS OF THE COMPANY

 The Company has duly authorized the execution and delivery of this Indenture to provide for the issuance from time to time of its
unsecured debentures, notes or other evidences of indebtedness (herein called the “Securities”), to be issued in one or more series as in this Indenture provided. 

All things necessary to make this Indenture a valid agreement of the Company, in accordance with its terms, have been done. 

NOW, THEREFORE, THIS INDENTURE WITNESSETH: 

For and in consideration of the premises and the purchase of the Securities by the Holders thereof, it is mutually agreed, for the equal and
proportionate benefit of all Holders of the Securities or of series thereof, as follows: 
 ARTICLE ONE 

DEFINITIONS AND OTHER PROVISIONS 

OF GENERAL APPLICATION 
 SECTION 101.
Definitions. 
 For all purposes of this Indenture, except as otherwise expressly provided or unless the context otherwise requires:

 (1) the terms defined in this Article have the meanings assigned to them in this Article and include the plural as
well as the singular; 
 (2) all other terms used herein which are defined in the Trust Indenture Act, either directly
or by reference therein, have the meanings assigned to them therein; 
 (3) all accounting terms not otherwise defined
herein have the meanings assigned to them in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and, except as otherwise herein expressly provided, the term “generally accepted accounting principles” with respect to any computation
required or permitted hereunder shall mean such accounting principles as are generally accepted at the date of this instrument; 

(4) unless the context otherwise requires, any reference to an “Article” or a “Section” refers to an
Article or a Section, as the case may be, of this Indenture; 
 (5) the words “herein”, “hereof”,
“hereunder” and other words of similar import refer to this Indenture as a whole and not to any particular Article, Section or other subdivision; and 

(6) unsecured Debt shall not be deemed to be subordinate or junior to secured Debt merely by virtue of its nature as
unsecured Debt. 
 “Act”, when used with respect to any Holder, has the meaning specified in Section 104. 

  
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 “Affiliate” of any specified Person means any other Person directly or
indirectly controlling or controlled by or under direct or indirect common control with such specified Person. For the purposes of this definition, “control” when used with respect to any specified Person means the power to direct the
management and policies of such Person, directly or indirectly, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise; and the terms “controlling” and “controlled” have meanings correlative to the
foregoing; provided that direct or indirect beneficial ownership of 10% or more of the Voting Stock of a Person shall be deemed to be control. 

“Authenticating Agent” means any Person authorized by the Trustee pursuant to Section 614 to act on behalf of the
Trustee to authenticate Securities of one or more series. 
 “Board of Directors” means, with respect to the Company,
either the board of directors of the Company or any committee of that board duly authorized to act for it in respect hereof. 

“Board Resolution” means, with respect to the Company, a copy of a resolution certified by the Secretary or an Assistant
Secretary of the Company to have been duly adopted by its Board of Directors and to be in full force and effect on the date of such certification, and delivered to the Trustee. 

“Business Day”, when used with respect to any Place of Payment, means each Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday
which is not a day on which banking institutions in that Place of Payment are authorized or obligated by law or executive order to close. 

“Capital Stock” of any Person means any and all shares, interests, participations or other equivalents (however designated)
of corporate stock or other equity participations, including partnership interests, whether general or limited, of such Person. 

“Commission” means the Securities and Exchange Commission, from time to time constituted, created under the Exchange Act, or,
if at any time after the execution of this instrument such Commission is not existing and performing the duties now assigned to it under the Trust Indenture Act, then the body performing such duties at such time. 

“Common Stock” means the common stock, $0.10 par value, of the Company as the same exists at the date of execution and
delivery of this Indenture or other Capital Stock of the Company into which such common stock is converted, reclassified or changed from time to time. 

“Company” means the Person named as the “Company” in the first paragraph of this instrument until a successor
Person shall have become such pursuant to the applicable provisions of this Indenture, and thereafter “Company” shall mean such successor Person. 

“Company Request” or “Company Order” means a written request or order signed in the name of the Company by
its Chairman of the Board of Directors, its Vice Chairman of the Board of Directors, its President or a Vice President, and by its Treasurer, an Assistant Treasurer, its Secretary or an Assistant Secretary, and delivered to the Trustee. 

“Conversion Agent” means any Person authorized by the Company to convert any Securities on behalf of the Company. 

“Corporate Trust Office” means the office of the Trustee at which at any particular time its corporate trust business in
relation to this Indenture shall be administered, such office being located on the date hereof at [                    ], Attn:
[    ]. 
 “corporation” means a corporation, association, limited liability company, joint-stock
company or business trust. 
 “Covenant Defeasance” has the meaning specified in Section 1503. 

  
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 “Debt” of any Person at any date means any obligation created, assumed or
guaranteed by such Person for the repayment of borrowed money. 
 “Defaulted Interest” has the meaning specified in
Section 307. 
 “Defeasance” has the meaning specified in Section 1502. 

“Depositary” means, with respect to Securities of any series issuable in whole or in part in the form of one or more Global
Securities, a clearing agency registered under the Exchange Act that is designated to act as Depositary for such Securities as contemplated by Section 301. 

“Event of Default” has the meaning specified in Section 501. 

“Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and any statute successor thereto, in each case as amended from time
to time. 
 “Expiration Date” has the meaning specified in Section 104. 

“Global Security” means a Security that evidences all or part of the Securities of any series and bears the legend set forth
in Section 205 (or such legend as may be specified as contemplated by Section 301 for such Securities). 

“Holder” means a Person in whose name a Security is registered in the Security Register. 

“Indenture” means this instrument as originally executed and as it may from time to time be supplemented or amended by one or
more indentures supplemental hereto entered into pursuant to the applicable provisions hereof, including, for all purposes of this instrument and any such supplemental indenture, the provisions of the Trust Indenture Act that are deemed to be a part
of and govern this instrument and any such supplemental indenture, respectively. The term “Indenture” shall also include the terms of particular series of Securities established as contemplated by Section 301. 

“interest”, when used with respect to an Original Issue Discount Security which by its terms bears interest only after
Maturity, means interest payable after Maturity. 
 “Interest Payment Date”, when used with respect to any Security, means
the Stated Maturity of an installment of interest on such Security. 
 “Investment Company Act” means the Investment
Company Act of 1940 and any statute successor thereto, in each case as amended from time to time. 
 “Maturity”, when used
with respect to any Security, means the date on which the principal of such Security or an installment of principal becomes due and payable as therein or herein provided, whether at the Stated Maturity or by declaration of acceleration, call for
redemption or otherwise. 
 “Notice of Default” means a written notice of the kind specified in Section 501(5). 

“Officers’ Certificate” means a certificate signed by the Chairman of the Board of Directors, the President or a Vice
President, and by the Treasurer, an Assistant Treasurer, the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary, of the Company and delivered to the Trustee. One of the officers signing an Officers’ Certificate given pursuant to Section 1004 shall be the
principal executive, financial or accounting officer of the Company. 
 “Opinion of Counsel” means, as to the Company, a
written opinion of counsel, who may be counsel for the Company, and who shall be acceptable to the Trustee. 

  
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 “Original Issue Discount Security” means any Security which provides for an
amount less than the principal amount thereof to be due and payable upon a declaration of acceleration of the Maturity thereof pursuant to Section 502. 

“Outstanding”, when used with respect to Securities, means, as of the date of determination, all Securities theretofore
authenticated and delivered under this Indenture, except: 
 (1) Securities theretofore cancelled by the Trustee or
delivered to the Trustee for cancellation; 
 (2) Securities for whose payment or redemption money in the necessary
amount has been theretofore deposited with the Trustee or any Paying Agent (other than the Company) in trust or set aside and segregated in trust by the Company (if the Company shall act as its own Paying Agent) for the Holders of such Securities;
provided that, if such Securities are to be redeemed, notice of such redemption has been duly given pursuant to this Indenture or provision therefor satisfactory to the Trustee has been made; 

(3) Securities as to which Defeasance has been effected pursuant to Section 1502; and 

(4) Securities which have been paid pursuant to Section 306 or in exchange for or in lieu of which other Securities
have been authenticated and delivered pursuant to this Indenture, other than any such Securities in respect of which there shall have been presented to the Trustee proof satisfactory to it that such Securities are held by a bona fide purchaser in
whose hands such Securities are valid obligations of the Company; 
 provided, however, that in determining whether the Holders of the
requisite principal amount of the Outstanding Securities have given, made or taken any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action hereunder as of any date, (A) the principal amount of an Original Issue
Discount Security which shall be deemed to be Outstanding shall be the amount of the principal thereof which would be due and payable as of such date upon acceleration of the Maturity thereof to such date pursuant to Section 502, (B) if,
as of such date, the principal amount payable at the Stated Maturity of a Security is not determinable, the principal amount of such Security which shall be deemed to be Outstanding shall be the amount as specified or determined as contemplated by
Section 301, (C) the principal amount of a Security denominated in one or more foreign currencies or currency units which shall be deemed to be Outstanding shall be the U.S. dollar equivalent, determined as of such date in the manner
provided as contemplated by Section 301, of the principal amount of such Security (or, in the case of a Security described in clause (A) or (B) above, of the amount determined as provided in such clause), and (D) Securities owned
by the Company or any other obligor upon the Securities or any Affiliate of the Company or of such other obligor shall be disregarded and deemed not to be Outstanding, except that, in determining whether the Trustee shall be protected in relying
upon any such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action, only Securities which the Trustee knows to be so owned shall be so disregarded. Securities so owned which have been pledged in good faith may be
regarded as Outstanding if the pledgee establishes to the satisfaction of the Trustee the pledgee’s right so to act with respect to such Securities and that the pledgee is not the Company or any other obligor upon the Securities or any
Affiliate of the Company or of such other obligor. 
 “Paying Agent” means any Person authorized by the Company to pay the
principal of or any premium or interest on any Securities on behalf of the Company. 
 “Person” means any individual,
corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, unincorporated organization or government or any agency or political subdivision thereof. 

“Place of Payment”, when used with respect to the Securities of any series, means the place or places where the principal of
and any premium and interest on the Securities of that series are payable as specified as contemplated by Section 301. 

  
 4 








 “Predecessor Security” of any particular Security means every previous Security
evidencing all or a portion of the same debt as that evidenced by such particular Security; and, for the purposes of this definition, any Security authenticated and delivered under Section 306 in exchange for or in lieu of a mutilated,
destroyed, lost or stolen Security shall be deemed to evidence the same debt as the mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Security. 

“Preferred Stock” means the preferred stock, $.010 par value, of the Company as the same exists as of the date of execution
and delivery of this Indenture or other Capital Stock of the Company into which such preferred stock is converted from time to time. 

“Redemption Date”, when used with respect to any Security to be redeemed, means the date fixed for such redemption by or
pursuant to this Indenture. 
 “Redemption Price”, when used with respect to any Security to be redeemed, means the price
at which it is to be redeemed pursuant to this Indenture. 
 “Regular Record Date” for the interest payable on any Interest
Payment Date on the Securities of any series means the date specified for that purpose as contemplated by Section 301. 

“Securities” has the meaning stated in the first recital of this Indenture and more particularly means any Securities
authenticated and delivered under this Indenture. 
 “Securities Act” means the Securities Act of 1933 and any statute
successor thereto, in each case as amended from time to time. 
 “Security Register” and “Security
Registrar” have the respective meanings specified in Section 305. 
 “Senior Debt” with respect to any series
of Securities shall have the meaning specified as contemplated by Section 301. 
 “Significant Subsidiary” means, at
any date of determination, any Subsidiary that represents 10% or more of the Company’s consolidated total assets at the end of the most recent fiscal quarter for which financial information is available or 10% or more of the Company’s
consolidated net revenues or consolidated operating income for the most recent four quarters for which financial information is available. 

“Special Record Date” for the payment of any Defaulted Interest means a date fixed by the Trustee pursuant to
Section 307. 
 “Stated Maturity”, when used with respect to any Security or any installment of principal thereof or
interest thereon, means the date specified in such Security as the fixed date on which the principal of such Security or such installment of principal or interest is due and payable. 

“Subsidiary” of any Person means (1) a corporation more than 50% of the combined voting power of the outstanding Voting
Stock of which is owned, directly or indirectly, by such Person or by one or more other Subsidiaries of such Person or by such Person and one or more Subsidiaries thereof or (2) any other Person (other than a corporation) in which such Person,
or one or more other Subsidiaries of such Person or such Person and one or more other Subsidiaries thereof, directly or indirectly, has at least a majority ownership and power to direct the policies, management and affairs thereof. 

“Trust Indenture Act” means the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 as in force at the date as of which this instrument was executed;
provided, however, that in the event the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 is amended after such date, “Trust Indenture Act” means, to the extent required by any such amendment, the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 as so amended. 

  
 5 








 “Trustee” means the Person named as the “Trustee” in the first
paragraph of this instrument until a successor Trustee shall have become such pursuant to the applicable provisions of this Indenture, and thereafter “Trustee” shall mean or include each Person who is then a Trustee hereunder, and if at
any time there is more than one such Person, “Trustee” as used with respect to the Securities of any series shall mean the Trustee with respect to Securities of that series. 

“U.S. Government Obligation” has the meaning specified in Section 1504. 

“Vice President”, when used with respect to the Company or the Trustee, means any vice president, whether or not designated
by a number or a word or words added before or after the title “vice president”. 
 “Voting Stock” of any Person
means Capital Stock of such Person which ordinarily has voting power for the election of directors (or persons performing similar functions) of such Person, whether at all times or only so long as no senior class of securities has such voting power
by reason of any contingency. 
 “Wholly Owned Subsidiary” of any Person means a Subsidiary of such Person all of the
outstanding Capital Stock of which (other than directors’ qualifying shares) shall at the time be owned by such Person or by one or more Wholly Owned Subsidiaries of such Person or by such Person and one or more Wholly Owned Subsidiaries of
such Person. 
 SECTION 102. Compliance Certificates and Opinions. 

Upon any application or request by the Company to the Trustee to take any action under any provision of this Indenture, the Company shall
furnish to the Trustee such certificates and opinions as may be required under the Trust Indenture Act. Each such certificate or opinion shall be given in the form of an Officers’ Certificate, if to be given by an officer of the Company, or an
Opinion of Counsel, if to be given by counsel, and shall comply with the requirements of the Trust Indenture Act and any other requirements set forth in this Indenture. 

Every certificate or opinion with respect to compliance with a condition or covenant provided for in this Indenture shall include: 

(1) a statement that each individual signing such certificate or opinion has read such covenant or condition and the
definitions herein relating thereto; 
 (2) a brief statement as to the nature and scope of the examination or investigation
upon which the statements or opinions contained in such certificate or opinion are based; 
 (3) a statement that, in the
opinion of each such individual, he has made such examination or investigation as is necessary to enable him to express an informed opinion as to whether or not such covenant or condition has been complied with; and 

(4) a statement as to whether, in the opinion of each such individual, such condition or covenant has been complied with. 

SECTION 103. Form of Documents Delivered to Trustee. 

In any case where several matters are required to be certified by, or covered by an opinion of, any specified Person, it is not necessary that
all such matters be certified by, or covered by the opinion of, only one such Person, or that they be so certified or covered by only one document, but one such Person may certify or give an opinion with respect to some matters and one or more other
such Persons as to other matters, and any such Person may certify or give an opinion as to such matters in one or several documents. 

  
 6 








 Any certificate or opinion of an officer of the Company may be based, insofar as it relates to
legal matters, upon a certificate or opinion of, or representations by, counsel, unless such officer knows, or in the exercise of reasonable care should know, that the certificate or opinion or representations with respect to the matters upon which
his certificate or opinion is based are erroneous. Any such certificate or opinion of counsel may be based, insofar as it relates to factual matters, upon a certificate or opinion of, or representations by, an officer or officers of the Company
stating that the information with respect to such factual matters is in the possession of the Company, unless such counsel knows, or in the exercise of reasonable care should know, that the certificate or opinion or representations with respect to
such matters are erroneous. 
 Where any Person is required to make, give or execute two or more applications, requests, consents,
certificates, statements, opinions or other instruments under this Indenture, they may, but need not, be consolidated and form one instrument. 
 SECTION
104. Acts of Holders; Record Dates. 
 Whenever in this Indenture it is provided that the Holders of a specified percentage in
aggregate principal amount of the Securities of any or all series may take action (including the making of any demand or request, the giving of any direction, notice, consent or waiver or the taking of any other action) the fact that at the time of
taking any such action the Holders of such specified percentage have joined therein may be evidenced (a) by any instrument or any number of instruments of similar tenor executed by Holders in person or by agent or proxy appointed in writing,
(b) by the record of the Holders voting in favor thereof at any meeting of Holders duly called and held in accordance with procedures approved by the Trustee, (c) by a combination of such instrument or instruments and any such record of
such a meeting of Holders or (d) in the case of Securities evidenced by a Global Security, by any electronic transmission or other message, whether or not in written format, that complies with the Depositary’s applicable procedures. Such
evidence (and the action embodied therein and evidenced thereby) are herein sometimes referred to as the “Act” of the relevant Holders. Proof of execution of any such instrument or of a writing appointing any such agent or proxy shall be
sufficient for any purpose of this Indenture and (subject to Section 601) conclusive in favor of the Trustee and the Company, if made in the manner provided in this Section. 

The fact and date of the execution by any Person of any such instrument or writing may be proved by the affidavit of a witness of such
execution or by a certificate of a notary public or other officer authorized by law to take acknowledgments of deeds, certifying that the individual signing such instrument or writing acknowledged to him the execution thereof. Where such execution
is by a signer acting in a capacity other than his individual capacity, such certificate or affidavit shall also constitute sufficient proof of his authority. The fact and date of the execution of any such instrument or writing, or the authority of
the Person executing the same, may also be proved in any other manner that the Trustee deems sufficient. 
 The ownership of Securities
shall be proved by the Security Register. 
 Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other Act of the
Holder of any Security shall bind every future Holder of the same Security and the Holder of every Security issued upon the registration of transfer thereof or in exchange therefor or in lieu thereof in respect of anything done, omitted or suffered
to be done by the Trustee or the Company in reliance thereon, whether or not notation of such action is made upon such Security. 
 The
Company may set any day as a record date for the purpose of determining the Holders of Outstanding Securities of any series entitled to give, make or take any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action
provided or permitted by this Indenture to be given, made or taken by Holders of Securities of such series, provided that the Company may not set a record date for, and the provisions of this paragraph shall not apply with respect to, the giving or
making of any notice, declaration, request or direction referred to in the next paragraph. If any record date is set pursuant to this paragraph, the Holders of Outstanding Securities of the relevant series on such record date, and no other Holders,
shall be entitled to take the relevant action, whether or not such Holders remain Holders after such record date; provided that no such action shall be effective hereunder unless taken on or prior to the applicable Expiration Date by Holders of the
requisite principal amount of Outstanding Securities of such series on such record date. Nothing in this paragraph shall be construed to prevent the Company from setting a new record date for any action for which a record date has previously been
set pursuant to this 

  
 7 








 
paragraph (whereupon the record date previously set shall automatically and with no action by any Person be cancelled and of no effect), and nothing in this paragraph shall be construed to render
ineffective any action taken by Holders of the requisite principal amount of Outstanding Securities of the relevant series on the date such action is taken. Promptly after any record date is set pursuant to this paragraph, the Company, at its own
expense, shall cause notice of such record date, the proposed action by Holders and the applicable Expiration Date to be given to the Trustee in writing and to each Holder of Securities of the relevant series in the manner set forth in
Section 106. 
 The Trustee may set any day as a record date for the purpose of determining the Holders of Outstanding Securities of
any series entitled to join in the giving or making of (i) any Notice of Default, (ii) any declaration of acceleration referred to in Section 502, (iii) any request to institute proceedings referred to in Section 507(2) or
(iv) any direction referred to in Section 512, in each case with respect to Securities of such series. If any record date is set pursuant to this paragraph, the Holders of Outstanding Securities of such series on such record date, and no
other Holders, shall be entitled to join in such notice, declaration, request or direction, whether or not such Holders remain Holders after such record date; provided that no such action shall be effective hereunder unless taken on or prior to the
applicable Expiration Date by Holders of the requisite principal amount of Outstanding Securities of such series on such record date. Nothing in this paragraph shall be construed to prevent the Trustee from setting a new record date for any action
for which a record date has previously been set pursuant to this paragraph (whereupon the record date previously set shall automatically and with no action by any Person be cancelled and of no effect), and nothing in this paragraph shall be
construed to render ineffective any action taken by Holders of the requisite principal amount of Outstanding Securities of the relevant series on the date such action is taken. Promptly after any record date is set pursuant to this paragraph, the
Trustee, at the Company’s expense, shall cause notice of such record date, the proposed action by Holders and the applicable Expiration Date to be given to the Company in writing and to each Holder of Securities of the relevant series in the
manner set forth in Section 106. 
 With respect to any record date set pursuant to this Section, the party hereto which sets such
record dates may designate any day as the “Expiration Date” and from time to time may change the Expiration Date to any earlier or later day; provided that no such change shall be effective unless notice of the proposed new
Expiration Date is given to the other party hereto in writing, and to each Holder of Securities of the relevant series in the manner set forth in Section 106, on or prior to the existing Expiration Date. If an Expiration Date is not designated
with respect to any record date set pursuant to this Section, the party hereto which set such record date shall be deemed to have initially designated the 180th day after such record date as the Expiration Date with respect thereto, subject to its
right to change the Expiration Date as provided in this paragraph. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no Expiration Date shall be later than the 180th day after the applicable record date. 

Without limiting the foregoing, a Holder entitled hereunder to take any action hereunder with regard to any particular Security may do so with
regard to all or any part of the principal amount of such Security or by one or more duly appointed agents each of which may do so pursuant to such appointment with regard to all or any part of such principal amount. 

SECTION 105. Notices, Etc., to Trustee and Company. 

Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or Act of Holders or other document provided or permitted by this
Indenture to be made upon, given or furnished to, or filed with: 
 (1) the Trustee by any Holder or by the Company shall be
sufficient for every purpose hereunder if made, given, furnished or filed in writing in the English language to or with the Trustee at its Corporate Trust Office, Attention: Corporate Trust Department; or 

(2) the Company by the Trustee or by any Holder shall be sufficient for every purpose hereunder (unless otherwise herein
expressly provided) if in writing in the English language and mailed, first-class postage prepaid, in the case of the Company addressed to it at the address of its principal office specified in the first paragraph of this instrument or at any other
address previously furnished in writing to the Trustee by the Company to it at the address of the Company’s principal office specified in the first paragraph of this instrument, Attention: Chief Financial Officer. 

  
 8 








 SECTION 106. Notice to Holders; Waiver. 

Where this Indenture provides for notice to Holders of any event, such notice shall be sufficiently given (unless otherwise herein expressly
provided) if in writing in the English language and mailed, first-class postage prepaid, to each Holder affected by such event, at his address as it appears in the Security Register, not later than the latest date (if any), and not earlier than the
earliest date (if any), prescribed for the giving of such notice. In any case where notice to Holders is given by mail, neither the failure to mail such notice, nor any defect in any notice so mailed, to any particular Holder shall affect the
sufficiency of such notice with respect to other Holders. Where this Indenture provides for notice in any manner, such notice may be waived in writing by the Person entitled to receive such notice, either before or after the event, and such waiver
shall be the equivalent of such notice. Waivers of notice by Holders shall be filed with the Trustee, but such filing shall not be a condition precedent to the validity of any action taken in reliance upon such waiver. 

In case by reason of the suspension of regular mail service or by reason of any other cause it shall be impracticable to give such notice by
mail, then such notification as shall be made with the approval of the Trustee shall constitute a sufficient notification for every purpose hereunder. 

SECTION 107. Conflict with Trust Indenture Act. 

If any provision hereof limits, qualifies or conflicts with a provision of the Trust Indenture Act which is required under such Act to be a
part of and govern this Indenture, the latter provision shall control. If any provision of this Indenture modifies or excludes any provision of the Trust Indenture Act which may be so modified or excluded, the latter provision shall be deemed to
apply to this Indenture as so modified or to be excluded, as the case may be. 
 SECTION 108. Effect of Headings and Table of Contents. 

The Article and Section headings herein and the Table of Contents are for convenience only and shall not affect the construction hereof. 

SECTION 109. Successors and Assigns. 

All covenants and agreements in this Indenture by the Company shall bind its successors and assigns, whether so expressed or not. 

SECTION 110. Separability Clause. 

In case any provision in this Indenture or the Securities shall be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, the validity, legality and enforce
ability of the remaining provisions shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby. 
 SECTION 111. Benefits of Indenture. 

Nothing in this Indenture or the Securities, express or implied, shall give to any Person, other than the parties hereto and their successors
hereunder, the holders of Senior Debt and the Holders, any benefit or any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim under this Indenture. 
 SECTION 112.
Governing Law. 
 This Indenture and the Securities shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the law of the State
of [New York]. 

  
 9 








 SECTION 113. Legal Holidays. 

In any case where any Interest Payment Date, Redemption Date, purchase date or Stated Maturity of any Security shall not be a Business Day at
any Place of Payment, then (notwithstanding any other provision of this Indenture or of the Securities (other than a provision of any Security which specifically states that such provision shall apply in lieu of this Section)) payment of interest or
principal (and premium, if any) need not be made at such Place of Payment on such date, but may be made on the next succeeding Business Day at such Place of Payment with the same force and effect as if made on the Interest Payment Date, Redemption
Date or purchase date, or at the Stated Maturity. 
 SECTION 114. No Recourse Against Others. 

No director, officer, employee, incorporator, stockholder, member, partner or trustee of the Company, as such, shall have any liability for any
obligations of the Company under the Securities, this Indenture or for any claim based on, in respect of, or by reason of, such obligations or their creation. By accepting a Security, each Holder shall be deemed to have waived and released all such
liability. The waiver and release shall be a part of the consideration for the issue of the Securities. 
 ARTICLE TWO 

SECURITY FORMS 
 SECTION 201. Forms
Generally. 
 The Securities of each series shall be in substantially the form set forth in this Article, or in such other form as
shall be established by or pursuant to a Board Resolution or in one or more indentures supplemental hereto, in each case with such appropriate insertions, omissions, substitutions and other variations as are required or permitted by this Indenture,
and may have such letters, numbers or other marks of identification and such legends or endorsements placed thereon as may be required to comply with the rules of any securities exchange or Depositary therefor or as may, consistently herewith, be
determined by the officers executing such Securities, as evidenced by their execution thereof. If the form of Securities of any series is established by action taken pursuant to a Board Resolution, a copy of an appropriate record of such action
shall be certified by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Company and delivered to the Trustee at or prior to the delivery of the Company Order contemplated by Section 303 for the authentication and delivery of such Securities. 

The definitive Securities shall be printed, lithographed or engraved on steel engraved borders or may be produced in any other manner, all as
determined by the officers executing such Securities, as evidenced by their execution of such Securities. 
 SECTION 202. Form of Face of
Security. 
 [Insert any legend required by the Internal Revenue Code and the regulations thereunder.] 

Escalera Resources Co. 
  

			
	 No.                     
	 	$                     


  
 10 








 Escalera Resources Co., a corporation duly organized and existing under the laws of Maryland
(herein called the “Company,” which term includes any successor Person under the Indenture hereinafter referred to), for value received, hereby promises to pay to
                                        , or
registered assigns, the principal sum of
                                         Dollars
on                                         
[ if the Security is to bear interest prior to Maturity, insert — , and to pay interest thereon from                      or from the
most recent Interest Payment Date to which interest has been paid or duly provided for, semi-annually on
                                         and
                                     in each year, commencing
                    , at the rate of             % per annum, until the principal hereof
is paid or made available for payment, provided that any principal and premium, and any such installment of interest, which is overdue shall bear interest at the rate of             % per
annum (to the extent that the payment of such interest shall be legally enforceable), from the dates such amounts are due until they are paid or made available for payment, and such interest shall be payable on demand. The interest so payable, and
punctually paid or duly provided for, on any Interest Payment Date will, as provided in such Indenture, be paid to the Person in whose name this Security (or one or more Predecessor Securities) is registered at the close of business on the Regular
Record Date for such interest, which shall be the                      or
                     (whether or not a Business Day), as the case may be, next preceding such Interest Payment Date. Any such interest not so
punctually paid or duly provided for will forthwith cease to be payable to the Holder on such Regular Record Date and may either be paid to the Person in whose name this Security (or one or more Predecessor Securities) is registered at the close of
business on a Special Record Date for the payment of such Defaulted Interest to be fixed by the Trustee, notice whereof shall be given to Holders of Securities of this series not less than 10 days prior to such Special Record Date, or be paid
at any time in any other lawful manner not inconsistent with the requirements of any securities exchange on which the Securities of this series may be listed, and upon such notice as may be required by such exchange, all as more fully provided in
said Indenture]. 
 [If the Security is not to bear interest prior to Maturity, insert — The principal of this Security
shall not bear interest except in the case of a default in payment of principal upon acceleration, upon redemption or at Stated Maturity and in such case the overdue principal and any overdue premium shall bear interest at the rate of
        % per annum (to the extent that the payment of such interest shall be legally enforceable), from the dates such amounts are due until they are paid or made available for payment. Interest on any
overdue principal or premium shall be payable on demand. Any such interest on overdue principal or premium which is not paid on demand shall bear interest at the rate of         % per annum (to the extent that
the payment of such interest on interest shall be legally enforceable), from the date of such demand until the amount so demanded is paid or made available for payment. Interest on any overdue interest shall be payable on demand.] 

Payment of the principal of (and premium, if any) and [if applicable, insert — any such] interest on this Security will be
made at the office or agency of the Company maintained for that purpose in                     , in such coin or currency of the United States of
America as at the time of payment is legal tender for payment of public and private debts; provided, however, that at the option of the Company payment of interest may be made by check mailed to the address of the Person entitled thereto as such
address shall appear in the Security Register. 
 Reference is hereby made to the further provisions of this Security set forth on the
reverse hereof, which further provisions shall for all purposes have the same effect as if set forth at this place. 
 Unless the
certificate of authentication hereon has been executed by the Trustee referred to on the reverse hereof by manual signature, this Security shall not be entitled to any benefit under the Indenture or be valid or obligatory for any purpose. 

  
 11 








 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this instrument to be duly executed [under its
corporate seal]. 
 Dated: 
  

			
	ESCALERA RESOURCES CO.
		
	By:	 	  



 [Attest:
                            ] 

SECTION 203. Form of Reverse of Security. 

This Security is one of a duly authorized issue of securities of the Company (herein called the “Securities”), issued and to be
issued in one or more series under an Indenture, dated as of             , 20     (herein called the “Indenture,” which term shall have the meaning assigned to
it in such instrument), among the Company and [    ] , as Trustee (herein called the “Trustee,” which term includes any successor trustee under the Indenture), and reference is hereby made to the Indenture for a
statement of the respective rights, limitations of rights, duties and immunities thereunder of the Company, the Trustee, the holders of Senior Debt and the Holders of the Securities and of the terms upon which the Securities are, and are to be,
authenticated and delivered. This Security is one of the series designated on the face hereof [if applicable, insert — , limited in aggregate principal amount to $            ].

 [If applicable, insert — The Securities of this series are subject to redemption upon not less than 30 nor more than
60 days’ notice by mail, [ if applicable, insert — (1) on                      in any year commencing with the year
                     and ending with the year
                     through operation of the sinking fund for this series at a Redemption Price equal to 100% of the principal amount, and
(2) ] at any time [ if applicable, insert — on or after             , 20    ] , as a whole or in part, at the election of the Company, at
the following Redemption Prices (expressed as percentages of the principal amount): If redeemed [ if applicable, insert — on or
before                     ,         %, and if redeemed] during the 12-month period beginning
                     of the years indicated, 
  

							
	 Redemption
	    	 Redemption

	 Year
	  	 Price
	    	 Year
	  	 Price



and thereafter at a Redemption Price equal to             % of the principal amount, together in
the case of any such redemption [ if applicable, insert — (whether through operation of the sinking fund or otherwise) ] with accrued interest to the Redemption Date, but interest installments whose Stated Maturity is on or prior
to such Redemption Date will be payable to the Holders of such Securities, or one or more Predecessor Securities, of record at the close of business on the relevant Record Dates referred to on the face hereof, all as provided in the
Indenture.] 
 [If applicable, insert — The Securities of this series are subject to redemption upon not less than 30 nor
more than 60 days’ notice by mail, (1) on                      in any year commencing with the year
         and ending with the year          through operation of the sinking fund for this series at the Redemption Prices for redemption through operation of the sinking
fund (expressed as percentages of the principal amount) set forth in the table below, and (2) at any time [ if applicable, insert — on or after
                     ] , as a whole or in part, at the election of the Company, at the Redemption Prices for redemption otherwise than through
operation of the sinking fund (expressed as percentages of the principal amount) set forth in the table below: If redeemed during the 12-month period beginning
                     of the years indicated, 

  
 12 









					
	
Year                      
                                         
             
	 	 Redemption Price For Redemption
Through Operation of the
Sinking                        
Fund
	 	 Redemption Price For Redemption
Otherwise Than Through
Operation                        
of the Sinking Fund



and thereafter at a Redemption Price equal to             % of the principal amount, together in
the case of any such redemption (whether through operation of the sinking fund or otherwise) with accrued interest to the Redemption Date, but interest installments whose Stated Maturity is on or prior to such Redemption Date will be payable to the
Holders of such Securities, or one or more Predecessor Securities, of record at the close of business on the relevant Record Dates referred to on the face hereof, all as provided in the Indenture. ] 

[If applicable, insert — Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company may not, prior to
                    , redeem any Securities of this series as contemplated by [ if applicable, insert — clause (2) of ] the
preceding paragraph as a part of, or in anticipation of, any refunding operation by the application, directly or indirectly, of moneys borrowed having an interest cost to the Company (calculated in accordance with generally accepted financial
practice) of less than             % per annum. ] 
 [If
applicable, insert — The sinking fund for this series provides for the redemption on                      in each year beginning with the year
                     and ending with the year
                     of [ if applicable, insert — not less than
$                     (“mandatory sinking fund”) and not more than]
$                     aggregate principal amount of Securities of this series. Securities of this series acquired or redeemed by the Company
otherwise than through [ if applicable, insert — mandatory ] sinking fund payments may be credited against subsequent [ if applicable, insert — mandatory ] sinking fund payments otherwise required to be made
[ if applicable, insert — , in the inverse order in which they become due ] . ] 
 [If the Security is subject
to redemption of any kind, insert — In the event of redemption of this Security in part only, a new Security or Securities of this series and of like tenor for the unredeemed portion hereof will be issued in the name of the Holder hereof upon
the cancellation hereof. ] 
 [If the Security is subject to conversion, insert — Subject to the provisions of the
Indenture, the Holder has the right to convert the principal amount of this Security into fully paid and nonassessable shares of Common Stock of the Company at the initial conversion price per share of Common Stock of
$             (or $             in principal amount of Securities for each such share of Common Stock), or at the adjusted
conversion price then in effect, if adjustment has been made as provided in the Indenture, upon surrender of the Security to the Conversion Agent, together with a fully executed notice in substantially the form attached hereto and, if required by
the Indenture, an amount equal to accrued interest payable on this Security. ] 
 The indebtedness evidenced by this Security is, to
the extent provided in the Indenture, subordinate and subject in right of payment to the prior payment in full of all Senior Debt of the Company, and this Security is issued subject to the provisions of the Indenture with respect thereto. Each
Holder of this Security, by accepting the same, (a) agrees to and shall be bound by such provisions, (b) authorizes and directs the Trustee on his behalf to take such action as may be necessary or appropriate to effectuate the
subordination so provided and (c) appoints the Trustee his attorney-in-fact for any and all such purposes. 
 [If applicable,
insert — The Indenture contains provisions for Defeasance at any time of [the entire indebtedness of this Security ] [ or ] [ certain restrictive covenants and Events of Default with respect to this Security
] [ , in each case ] upon compliance with certain conditions set forth in the Indenture. ] 
 [If the
Security is not an Original Issue Discount Security, insert — If an Event of Default with respect to Securities of this series shall occur and be continuing, the principal of the Securities of this series may be declared due and payable in the
manner and with the effect provided in the Indenture. ] 
 [If the Security is an Original Issue Discount Security, insert
— If an Event of Default with respect to Securities of this series shall occur and be continuing, an amount of principal of the Securities of this series may be declared due and payable in the manner and with the effect provided in the
Indenture. Such amount shall be equal to 

  
 13 








 
— insert formula for determining the amount. Upon payment (i) of the amount of principal so declared due and payable and (ii) of interest on any overdue principal, premium and
interest (in each case to the extent that the payment of such interest shall be legally enforceable), all of the Company’s obligations in respect of the payment of the principal of and premium and interest, if any, on the Securities of this
series shall terminate. ] 
 The Indenture permits, with certain exceptions as therein provided, the amendment thereof and the
modification of the rights and obligations of the Company and the rights of the Holders of the Securities of each series to be affected under the Indenture at any time by the Company and the Trustee with the consent of the Holders of a majority in
principal amount of the Securities at the time Outstanding of each series to be affected. The Indenture also contains provisions permitting the Holders of specified percentages in principal amount of the Securities of each series at the time
Outstanding, on behalf of the Holders of all Securities of such series, to waive compliance by the Company with certain provisions of the Indenture and certain past defaults under the Indenture and their consequences. Any such consent or waiver by
the Holder of this Security shall be conclusive and binding upon such Holder and upon all future Holders of this Security and of any Security issued upon the registration of transfer hereof or in exchange herefor or in lieu hereof, whether or not
notation of such consent or waiver is made upon this Security. 
 As provided in and subject to the provisions of the Indenture, the Holder
of this Security shall not have the right to institute any proceeding with respect to the Indenture or for the appointment of a receiver or trustee or for any other remedy thereunder, unless such Holder shall have previously given the Trustee
written notice of a continuing Event of Default with respect to the Securities of this series, the Holders of not less than 25% in principal amount of the Securities of this series at the time Outstanding shall have made written request to the
Trustee to institute proceedings in respect of such Event of Default as Trustee and offered the Trustee reasonable security or indemnity, and the Trustee shall not have received from the Holders of a majority in principal amount of Securities of
this series at the time Outstanding a direction inconsistent with such request, and shall have failed to institute any such proceeding, for 60 days after receipt of such notice, request and offer of indemnity. The foregoing shall not apply to
any suit instituted by the Holder of this Security for the enforcement of any payment of principal hereof or any premium or interest hereon on or after the respective due dates expressed herein [if applicable, insert — or the right to
convert this Security in accordance with its terms]. 
 No reference herein to the Indenture and no provision of this Security or of
the Indenture shall alter or impair the obligation of the Company, which is absolute and unconditional, to pay the principal of and any premium and interest on this Security at the times, place and rate, and in the coin or currency, herein
prescribed [if applicable, insert — and to convert this Security in accordance with its terms]. 
 As provided in the
Indenture and subject to certain limitations therein set forth, the transfer of this Security is registrable in the Security Register, upon surrender of this Security for registration of transfer at the office or agency of the Company in any place
where the principal of and any premium and interest on this Security are payable, duly endorsed by, or accompanied by a written instrument of transfer in form satisfactory to the Company and the Security Registrar duly executed by, the Holder hereof
or his attorney duly authorized in writing, and thereupon one or more new Securities of this series and of like tenor, of authorized denominations and for the same aggregate principal amount, will be issued to the designated transferee or
transferees. 
 The Securities of this series are issuable only in registered form without coupons in denominations of
$             and any integral multiple thereof. As provided in the Indenture and subject to certain limitations therein set forth, Securities of this series are exchangeable for a like
aggregate principal amount of Securities of this series and of like tenor of a different authorized denomination, as requested by the Holder surrendering the same. 

No service charge shall be made for any such registration of transfer or exchange, but the Company may require payment of a sum sufficient to
cover any tax or other governmental charge payable in connection therewith. 
 Prior to due presentment of this Security for registration of
transfer, the Company, the Trustee and any agent of the Company or the Trustee may treat the Person in whose name this Security is registered as the owner hereof for all purposes, whether or not this Security be overdue, and neither the Company, the
Trustee nor any such agent shall be affected by notice to the contrary. 

  
 14 








 All terms used in this Security which are defined in the Indenture shall have the meanings
assigned to them in the Indenture. 
 SECTION 204. [Intentionally Omitted]. 

SECTION 205. Form of Legend for Global Securities. 

Unless otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 301 for the Securities evidenced thereby, every Global Security authenticated and
delivered hereunder shall bear a legend in substantially the following form: 
 THIS SECURITY IS A GLOBAL SECURITY WITHIN THE MEANING OF THE INDENTURE
HEREINAFTER REFERRED TO AND IS REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF A DEPOSITARY OR A NOMINEE THEREOF. THIS SECURITY MAY NOT BE EXCHANGED IN WHOLE OR IN PART FOR A SECURITY REGISTERED, AND NO TRANSFER OF THIS SECURITY IN WHOLE OR IN PART MAY BE REGISTERED, IN
THE NAME OF ANY PERSON OTHER THAN SUCH DEPOSITARY OR A NOMINEE THEREOF, EXCEPT IN THE LIMITED CIRCUMSTANCES DESCRIBED IN THE INDENTURE. 
 SECTION 206.
Form of Trustee’s Certificate of Authentication. 
 The Trustee’s certificates of authentication shall be in
substantially the following form: 
 This is one of the Securities of the series designated therein referred to in the within-mentioned
Indenture. 
  

			
		 	[TRUSTEE’S NAME],
		 	As Trustee
		
		 	
By:                        
                                    

		 	Authorized Officer


 SECTION 207. Form of Conversion Notice. 

Each convertible Security shall have attached thereto, or set forth on the reverse of the Security, a notice of conversion in substantially the
following form: 
 Conversion Notice 
  

	To:	Escalera Resources Co. 

 The undersigned owner of this Security hereby: (i) irrevocably
exercises the option to convert this Security, or the portion hereof below designated, for shares of Common Stock of Escalera Resources Co. in accordance with the terms of the Indenture referred to in this Security and (ii) directs that such
shares of Common Stock deliverable upon the conversion, together with any check in payment for fractional shares and any Security(ies) representing any unconverted principal amount hereof, be issued and delivered to the registered holder hereof
unless a different name has been indicated below. If shares are to be delivered registered in the name of a Person other than the undersigned, the undersigned will pay all transfer taxes payable with respect thereto. Any amount required to be paid
by the undersigned on account of interest accompanies this Security. 
  

							
	 Dated:
	 	
                  
                                         
      
	 		 	  

		 		 		 	Signature


  
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 Fill in for registration of shares if to be delivered, and of Securities if to be issued,
otherwise than to and in the name of the registered holder. 
  

	
	  
 Social Security or
other

	Taxpayer Identification Number


 (Name) 
 (Please print
name and address) 
 Principal amount to be converted: (if less than all) 

$             

Signature Guarantee* 
  

	*	Participant in a recognized Signature Guarantee Medallion Program (or other signature acceptable to the Trustee). 


ARTICLE THREE 
 THE
SECURITIES 
 SECTION 301. Amount Unlimited; Issuable in Series. 

The aggregate principal amount of Securities which may be authenticated and delivered under this Indenture is unlimited. 

The Securities may be issued in one or more series. There shall be established in or pursuant to a Board Resolution and, subject to
Section 303, set forth, or determined in the manner provided, in an Officers’ Certificate, or established in one or more indentures supplemental hereto, prior to the issuance of Securities of any series, 

(1) the title of the Securities of the series (which shall distinguish the Securities of the series from Securities of any
other series); 
 (2) any change to the subordination provisions which applies to the Securities of the series from those
contained in Article Twelve with respect to the Securities, and the definitions of Senior Debt and Designated Senior Debt which shall apply to the Securities of the series; 

(3) any limit upon the aggregate principal amount of the Securities of the series which may be authenticated and delivered
under this Indenture (except for Securities authenticated and delivered upon registration of transfer of, or in exchange for, or in lieu of, other Securities of the series pursuant to Section 304, 305, 306, 906 or 1107 and except for any
Securities which, pursuant to Section 303, are deemed never to have been authenticated and delivered hereunder); 
 (4)
the Person to whom any interest on a Security of the series shall be payable, if other than the Person in whose name that Security (or one or more Predecessor Securities) is registered at the close of business on the Regular Record Date for such
interest; 
 (5) the date or dates on which the principal of any Securities of the series is payable; 

(6) the rate or rates at which any Securities of the series shall bear interest, if any, the date or dates from which any such
interest shall accrue, the Interest Payment Dates on which any such interest shall be payable and the Regular Record Date for any such interest payable on any Interest Payment Date; 

  
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 (7) the place or places where the principal of and any premium and interest on
any Securities of the series shall be payable; 
 (8) the period or periods within which, the price or prices at which and
the terms and conditions upon which any Securities of the series may be redeemed, in whole or in part, at the option of the Company and, if other than by a Board Resolution, the manner in which any election by the Company to redeem the Securities
shall be evidenced; 
 (9) the obligation, if any, of the Company to redeem or purchase any Securities of the series pursuant
to any sinking fund or analogous provisions or at the option of the Holder thereof and the period or periods within which, the price or prices at which and the terms and conditions upon which any Securities of the series shall be redeemed or
purchased, in whole or in part, pursuant to such obligation; 
 (10) if other than denominations of $1,000 and any integral
multiple thereof, the denominations in which any Securities of the series shall be issuable; 
 (11) if the amount of
principal of or any premium or interest on any Securities of the series may be determined with reference to an index or pursuant to a formula, the manner in which such amounts shall be determined; 

(12) if other than the currency of the United States of America, the currency, currencies or currency units in which the
principal of or any premium or interest on any Securities of the series shall be payable and the manner of determining the equivalent thereof in the currency of the United States of America for any purpose, including for purposes of the definition
of “Outstanding” in Section 101; 
 (13) if the principal of or any premium or interest on any Securities of
the series is to be payable, at the election of the Company or the Holder thereof, in one or more currencies or currency units other than that or those in which such Securities are stated to be payable, the currency, currencies or currency units in
which the principal of or any premium or interest on such Securities as to which such election is made shall be payable, the periods within which and the terms and conditions upon which such election is to be made and the amount so payable (or the
manner in which such amount shall be determined); 
 (14) if other than the entire principal amount thereof, the portion of
the principal amount of any Securities of the series which shall be payable upon declaration of acceleration of the Maturity thereof pursuant to Section 502; 

(15) if the principal amount payable at the Stated Maturity of any Securities of the series will not be determinable as of any
one or more dates prior to the Stated Maturity, the amount which shall be deemed to be the principal amount of such Securities as of any such date for any purpose thereunder or hereunder, including the principal amount thereof which shall be due and
payable upon any Maturity other than the Stated Maturity or which shall be deemed to be Outstanding as of any date prior to the Stated Maturity (or, in any such case, the manner in which such amount deemed to be the principal amount shall be
determined); 
 (16) if applicable, that the Securities of the series, in whole or any specified part, shall be defeasible
pursuant to Section 1502 or Section 1503 or both such Sections and, if other than by a Board Resolution, the manner in which any election by the Company to defease such Securities shall be evidenced; 

(17) if applicable, that any Securities of the series shall be issuable in whole or in part in the form of one or more Global
Securities and, in such case, the respective Depositories for such Global Securities, the form of any legend or legends which shall be borne by any such Global Security in addition to or in lieu of that set forth in Section 205 and any
circumstances in addition to or in lieu of those set forth in clause (2) of the last paragraph of Section 305 in which any such Global Security may be exchanged in 

  
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whole or in part for Securities registered, and any transfer of such Global Security in whole or in part may be registered, in the name or names of Persons other than the Depositary for such
Global Security or a nominee thereof; 
 (18) any addition to or change in the Events of Default which applies to any
Securities of the series and any change in the right of the Trustee or the requisite Holders of such Securities to declare the principal amount thereof due and payable pursuant to Section 502; 

(19) any addition to or change in the covenants set forth in Article Ten which applies to Securities of the series; 

(20) whether the Securities of the series will be convertible into Common Stock (or cash in lieu thereof) and, if so, the terms
and conditions upon which such conversion will be effected; and 
 (21) any other terms of the series (which terms shall not
be inconsistent with the provisions of this Indenture, except as permitted by Section 901(5)). 
 All Securities of any one series
shall be substantially identical except as to denomination and except as may otherwise be provided in or pursuant to the Board Resolution referred to above and (subject to Section 303) set forth, or determined in the manner provided, in the
Officers’ Certificate referred to above or in any such indenture supplemental hereto. 
 If any of the terms of the series are
established by action taken pursuant to a Board Resolution, a copy of an appropriate record of such action shall be certified by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Company and delivered to the Trustee at or prior to the delivery of the
Officers’ Certificate setting forth the terms of the series. 
 SECTION 302. Denominations. 

The Securities of each series shall be issuable only in registered form without coupons and only in such denominations as shall be specified as
contemplated by Section 301. In the absence of any such specified denomination with respect to the Securities of any series, the Securities of such series shall be issuable in denominations of $1,000 and any integral multiple thereof. 

SECTION 303. Execution, Authentication, Delivery and Dating. 

The Securities shall be executed on behalf of the Company by its Chairman of the Board of Directors, its President or one of its Vice
Presidents. If its corporate seal is reproduced thereon, then it shall be attested by its Secretary or one of its Assistant Secretaries. The signature of any of these officers on the Securities may be manual or facsimile. 

Securities bearing the manual or facsimile signatures of individuals who were at any time the proper officers of the Company shall bind the
Company, notwithstanding that such individuals or any of them have ceased to hold such offices prior to the authentication and delivery of such Securities or did not hold such offices at the date of such Securities. 

At any time and from time to time after the execution and delivery of this Indenture, the Company may deliver Securities of any series
executed by the Company, together with a Company Order for the authentication and delivery of such Securities, and the Trustee in accordance with the Company Order shall authenticate and deliver such Securities. If the form or terms of the
Securities of the series have been established by or pursuant to one or more Board Resolutions as permitted by Sections 201 and 301, in authenticating such Securities, and accepting the additional responsibilities under this Indenture in
relation to such Securities, the Trustee shall be entitled to receive, and (subject to Section 601) shall be fully protected in relying upon, an Opinion of Counsel stating, 

  
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 (1) if the form of such Securities has been established by or pursuant to Board
Resolution as permitted by Section 201, that such form has been established in conformity with the provisions of this Indenture; 

(2) if the terms of such Securities have been established by or pursuant to Board Resolution as permitted by Section 301,
that such terms have been established in conformity with the provisions of this Indenture; and 
 (3) that such Securities,
when authenticated and delivered by the Trustee and issued by the Company in the manner and subject to any conditions specified in such Opinion of Counsel, will constitute valid and legally binding obligations of the Company, enforceable in
accordance with their terms, subject to bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent transfer, reorganization, moratorium and similar laws of general applicability relating to or affecting creditors’ rights and to general equity principles. 

If such form or terms have been so established, the Trustee shall not be required to authenticate such Securities if the issue of such
Securities pursuant to this Indenture will affect the Trustee’s own rights, duties or immunities under the Securities and this Indenture or otherwise in a manner which is not reasonably acceptable to the Trustee. 

Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 301 and of the preceding paragraph, if all Securities of a series are not to be originally
issued at one time, it shall not be necessary to deliver the Officers’ Certificate otherwise required pursuant to Section 301 or the Company Order and Opinion of Counsel otherwise required pursuant to such preceding paragraph at or prior
to the authentication of each Security of such series if such documents are delivered at or prior to the authentication upon original issuance of the first Security of such series to be issued. 

Each Security shall be dated the date of its authentication. 

No Security shall be entitled to any benefit under this Indenture or be valid or obligatory for any purpose unless there appears on such
Security a certificate of authentication substantially in the form provided for herein executed by the Trustee by manual signature, and such certificate upon any Security shall be conclusive evidence, and the only evidence, that such Security has
been duly authenticated and delivered hereunder. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if any Security shall have been authenticated and delivered hereunder but never issued and sold by the Company, and the Company shall deliver such Security to the
Trustee for cancellation as provided in Section 309, for all purposes of this Indenture such Security shall be deemed never to have been authenticated and delivered hereunder and shall never be entitled to the benefits of this Indenture. 

SECTION 304. Temporary Securities. 

Pending the preparation of definitive Securities of any series, the Company may execute, and upon Company Order the Trustee shall authenticate
and deliver, temporary Securities which are printed, lithographed, typewritten, mimeographed or otherwise produced, in any authorized denomination, substantially of the tenor of the definitive Securities in lieu of which they are issued and with
such appropriate insertions, omissions, substitutions and other variations as the officers executing such Securities may determine, as evidenced by their execution of such Securities. 

If temporary Securities of any series are issued, the Company will cause definitive Securities of that series to be prepared without
unreasonable delay. After the preparation of definitive Securities of such series, the temporary Securities of such series shall be exchangeable for definitive Securities of such series upon surrender of the temporary Securities of such series at
the office or agency of the Company in a Place of Payment for that series, without charge to the Holder. Upon surrender for cancellation of any one or more temporary Securities of any series, the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall
authenticate and deliver in exchange therefor one or more definitive Securities of the same series, of any authorized denominations and of like tenor and aggregate principal amount. Until so exchanged, the temporary Securities of any series shall in
all respects be entitled to the same benefits under this Indenture as definitive Securities of such series and tenor. 

  
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 SECTION 305. Registration, Registration of Transfer and Exchange. 

The Company shall cause to be kept at the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee a register (the register maintained in such office and in any
other office or agency of the Company in a Place of Payment being herein sometimes collectively referred to as the “Security Register”) in which, subject to such reasonable regulations as it may prescribe, the Company shall provide
for the registration of Securities and of transfers of Securities. The Trustee is hereby appointed “Security Registrar” for the purpose of registering Securities and transfers of Securities as herein provided. 

Upon surrender for registration of transfer of any Security of a series at the office or agency of the Company in a Place of Payment for that
series, the Company shall execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, in the name of the designated transferee or transferees, one or more new Securities of the same series, of any authorized denominations and of like tenor and
aggregate principal amount. 
 At the option of the Holder, Securities of any series may be exchanged for other Securities of the same
series, of any authorized denominations and of like tenor and aggregate principal amount, upon surrender of the Securities to be exchanged at such office or agency. Whenever any Securities are so surrendered for exchange, the Company shall execute,
and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, the Securities which the Holder making the exchange is entitled to receive. 
 All
Securities issued upon any registration of transfer or exchange of Securities shall be the valid obligations of the Company, evidencing the same debt, and entitled to the same benefits under this Indenture, as the Securities surrendered upon such
registration of transfer or exchange. 
 Every Security presented or surrendered for registration of transfer or for exchange shall (if so
required by the Company or the Trustee) be duly endorsed, or be accompanied by a written instrument of transfer in form satisfactory to the Company and the Security Registrar duly executed, by the Holder thereof or his attorney duly authorized in
writing. 
 No service charge shall be made for any registration of transfer or exchange of Securities, but the Company may require payment
of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in connection with any registration of transfer or exchange of Securities, other than exchanges pursuant to Section 304, 906, 1107 or otherwise not involving
any transfer. 
 If the Securities of any series (or of any series and specified tenor) are to be redeemed in part, the Company shall not be
required (A) to issue, register the transfer of or exchange any Securities of that series (or of that series and specified tenor, as the case may be) during a period beginning at the opening of business 15 days before the day of the
mailing of a notice of redemption of any such Securities selected for redemption under Section 1103 and ending at the close of business on the day of such mailing, or (B) to register the transfer of or exchange any Security so selected for
redemption in whole or in part, except the unredeemed portion of any Security being redeemed in part. 
 The provisions of clauses (1), (2),
(3) and (4) below shall apply only to Global Securities: 
 (1) Each Global Security authenticated under this
Indenture shall be registered in the name of the Depositary designated for such Global Security or a nominee thereof and delivered to such Depositary or a nominee thereof or custodian therefor, and each such Global Security shall constitute a single
Security for all purposes of this Indenture. 
 (2) Notwithstanding any other provision in this Indenture, no Global Security
may be exchanged in whole or in part for Securities registered, and no transfer of a Global Security in whole or in part may be registered, in the name of any Person other than the Depositary for such Global Security or a nominee thereof unless
(A) such Depositary (i) has notified the Company that it is unwilling or unable to continue as Depositary for such Global Security or (ii) has ceased to be a clearing agency registered under the Exchange Act, and in either case the
Company fails to appoint a successor Depositary within 90 days, 

  
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(B) there shall have occurred and be continuing an Event of Default with respect to such Global Security and the Depositary shall have notified the Trustee of its decision to exchange such
Global Security for Securities in certificated form, (C) subject to the rules of the Depositary, the Company shall have elected to terminate the book-entry system through the Depositary, or (D) there shall exist such circumstances, if any,
in addition to or in lieu of the foregoing as have been specified for this purpose as contemplated by Section 301. 

(3) Subject to clause (2) above, any exchange of a Global Security for other Securities may be made in whole or in part,
and all Securities issued in exchange for a Global Security or any portion thereof shall be registered in such names as the Depositary for such Global Security shall direct. 

(4) Every Security authenticated and delivered upon registration of transfer of, or in exchange for or in lieu of, a Global
Security or any portion thereof, whether pursuant to this Section, Section 304, 306, 906 or 1107 or otherwise, shall be authenticated and delivered in the form of, and shall be, a Global Security, unless such Security is registered in the name
of a Person other than the Depositary for such Global Security or a nominee thereof. 
 SECTION 306. Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost and Stolen
Securities. 
 If any mutilated Security is surrendered to the Trustee, the Company shall execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate
and deliver in exchange therefor a new Security of the same series and of like tenor and principal amount and bearing a number not contemporaneously outstanding. 

If there shall be delivered to the Company and the Trustee (i) evidence to their satisfaction of the destruction, loss or theft of any
Security and (ii) such security or indemnity as may be required by them to save each of them and any agent of either of them harmless from any loss that any of them may suffer if a Security is replaced, then, in the absence of notice to the
Company or the Trustee that such Security has been acquired by a protected purchaser, the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, in lieu of any such destroyed, lost or stolen Security, a new Security of the same series
and of like tenor and principal amount and bearing a number not contemporaneously outstanding. 
 In case any such mutilated, destroyed,
lost or stolen Security has become or is about to become due and payable or is to be converted, the Company in its discretion may, instead of issuing a new Security, pay or authorize the conversion of such Security (without surrender thereof save in
the case of a mutilated Security). 
 Upon the issuance of any new Security under this Section, the Company may require the payment of a sum
sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in relation thereto and any other expenses (including the fees and expenses of the Trustee) connected therewith. 

Every new Security of any series issued pursuant to this Section in lieu of any destroyed, lost or stolen Security shall constitute an
original additional contractual obligation of the Company, whether or not the destroyed, lost or stolen Security shall be at any time enforceable by anyone, and shall be entitled to all the benefits of this Indenture equally and proportionately with
any and all other Securities of that series duly issued hereunder. 
 The provisions of this Section are exclusive and shall preclude (to
the extent lawful) all other rights and remedies with respect to the replacement, payment or conversion of mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Securities. 

SECTION 307. Payment of Interest; Interest Rights Preserved. 

Except as otherwise provided as contemplated by Section 301 with respect to any series of Securities, interest on any Security which is
payable, and is punctually paid or duly provided for, on any Interest Payment Date shall be paid to the Person in whose name that Security (or one or more Predecessor Securities) is registered at the close of business on the Regular Record Date for
such interest. 

  
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 Any interest on any Security of any series which is payable, but is not punctually paid or duly
provided for, on any Interest Payment Date (herein called “Defaulted Interest”) shall forthwith cease to be payable to the Holder on the relevant Regular Record Date by virtue of having been such Holder, and such Defaulted Interest
may be paid by the Company, at its election in each case, as provided in clause (1) or (2) below: 
 (1) The
Company may elect to make payment of any Defaulted Interest to the Persons in whose names the Securities of such series (or their respective Predecessor Securities) are registered at the close of business on a Special Record Date for the payment of
such Defaulted Interest, which shall be fixed in the following manner. The Company shall notify the Trustee in writing of the amount of Defaulted Interest proposed to be paid on each Security of such series and the date of the proposed payment, and
at the same time the Company shall deposit with the Trustee an amount of money equal to the aggregate amount proposed to be paid in respect of such Defaulted Interest or shall make arrangements satisfactory to the Trustee for such deposit prior to
the date of the proposed payment, such money when deposited to be held in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled to such Defaulted Interest as in this clause provided. Thereupon the Trustee shall fix a Special Record Date for the payment of
such Defaulted Interest which shall be not more than 15 days and not less than 10 days prior to the date of the proposed payment and not less than 10 days after the receipt by the Trustee of the notice of the proposed payment. The
Trustee shall promptly notify the Company of such Special Record Date and, in the name and at the expense of the Company, shall cause notice of the proposed payment of such Defaulted Interest and the Special Record Date therefor to be given to each
Holder of Securities of such series in the manner set forth in Section 106, not less than 10 days prior to such Special Record Date. Notice of the proposed payment of such Defaulted Interest and the Special Record Date therefor having been
so mailed, such Defaulted Interest shall be paid to the Persons in whose names the Securities of such series (or their respective Predecessor Securities) are registered at the close of business on such Special Record Date and shall no longer be
payable pursuant to the following clause (2). 
 (2) The Company may make payment of any Defaulted Interest on the Securities
of any series in any other lawful manner not inconsistent with the requirements of any securities exchange on which such Securities may be listed, and upon such notice as may be required by such exchange, if, after notice given by the Company to the
Trustee of the proposed payment pursuant to this clause, such manner of payment shall be deemed practicable by the Trustee. 
 Subject to
the foregoing provisions of this Section, each Security delivered under this Indenture upon registration of transfer of or in exchange for or in lieu of any other Security shall carry the rights to interest accrued and unpaid, and to accrue, which
were carried by such other Security. 
 SECTION 308. Persons Deemed Owners. 

Prior to due presentment of a Security for registration of transfer, the Company, the Trustee and any agent of the Company or the Trustee may
treat the Person in whose name such Security is registered as the owner of such Security for the purpose of receiving payment of principal of and any premium and (subject to Section 307) any interest on such Security and for all other purposes
whatsoever, whether or not such Security be overdue, and neither the Company, the Trustee nor any agent of the Company or the Trustee shall be affected by notice to the contrary. 

SECTION 309. Cancellation. 
 All
Securities surrendered for payment, redemption, purchase, registration of transfer or exchange or for credit against any sinking fund payment shall, if surrendered to any Person other than the Trustee, be delivered to the Trustee and shall be
promptly cancelled by it. The Company may at any time deliver to the Trustee for cancellation any Securities previously authenticated and delivered hereunder which the Company may have acquired in any manner whatsoever, and may deliver to the
Trustee (or to any other Person for delivery to the Trustee) for cancellation any Securities previously authenticated hereunder which the Company has not issued and sold, and all Securities so delivered shall be promptly cancelled by the Trustee. No
Securities shall be authenticated in lieu of or in exchange for any Securities cancelled as provided in this Section, except as expressly permitted by this Indenture. All cancelled Securities held by the Trustee shall be disposed of in accordance
with its standard procedures, unless as directed by a Company Order. 

  
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 SECTION 310. Computation of Interest. 

Except as otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 301 for Securities of any series, interest on the Securities of each series shall
be computed on the basis of a 360-day year of twelve 30-day months. 
 ARTICLE FOUR 

SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE 
 SECTION 401.
Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture. 
 This Indenture shall upon Company Request cease to be of further effect with
respect to the Securities of any series, and the Trustee, at the expense of the Company, shall execute proper instruments acknowledging satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture, when 

(1) either 

(A) all Securities of such series theretofore authenticated and delivered (other than (i) Securities of such series which
have been destroyed, lost or stolen and which have been replaced or paid as provided in Section 306 and (ii) Securities of such series for whose payment money has theretofore been deposited in trust or segregated and held in trust by the
Company and thereafter repaid to the Company or discharged from such trust, as provided in Section 1003) have been delivered to the Trustee for cancellation; or 

(B) all such Securities of such series not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation 

(i) have become due and payable, or 

(ii) will become due and payable at their Stated Maturity within one year, or 

(iii) are to be called for redemption within one year under arrangements satisfactory to the Trustee for the giving of notice
of redemption by the Trustee in the name, and at the expense, of the Company, 
 and the Company, in the case of (i), (ii) or (iii) above, has
irrevocably deposited or caused to be deposited with the Trustee as trust funds in trust for the purpose money in an amount sufficient, without consideration of any reinvestment of interest, to pay and discharge the entire indebtedness on such
Securities not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation, for principal and any premium and interest to the date of such deposit (in the case of Securities which have become due and payable) or to the Stated Maturity or Redemption Date,
as the case may be; 
 (2) the Company has paid or caused to be paid all other sums payable hereunder by the Company with
respect to the Securities of such series; and 
 (3) the Company has delivered to the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate
and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that all conditions precedent herein provided for relating to the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture with respect to the Securities of such series have been complied with. 

Notwithstanding the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture, the obligations of the Company to the Trustee under Section 607, the
obligations of the Company with respect to the Securities of such series under Sections 304, 305, 306, 1002 and 1003, any surviving rights of conversion, the obligations of the Trustee to any Authenticating Agent under Section 614 and, if
money shall have been deposited with the Trustee pursuant to subclause (B) of clause (1) of this Section, the obligations of the Trustee under Section 402 and the last paragraph of Section 1003 shall survive. 

  
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 SECTION 402. Application of Trust Money. 

Subject to the provisions of the last paragraph of Section 1003, all money deposited with the Trustee pursuant to Section 401 shall be held in trust
and applied by it, in accordance with the provisions of the Securities and this Indenture, to the payment, either directly or through any Paying Agent (including the Company acting as its own Paying Agent) as the Trustee may determine, to the
Persons entitled thereto, of the principal and any premium and interest for whose payment such money has been deposited with the Trustee. 

ARTICLE FIVE 
 REMEDIES

 SECTION 501. Events of Default. 

“Event of Default”, wherever used herein with respect to Securities of any series, means any one of the following events
(whatever the reason for such Event of Default and whether it shall be occasioned by the provisions of Article Twelve or be voluntary or involuntary or be effected by operation of law or pursuant to any judgment, decree or order of any court or
any order, rule or regulation of any administrative or governmental body): 
 (1) default in the payment of any interest upon
any Security of that series when it becomes due and payable, and continuance of such default for a period of 30 days; or 

(2) default in the payment of the principal of or any premium on any Security of that series at its Maturity; or 

(3) default in the deposit of any sinking fund payment, when and as due by the terms of a Security of that series; or 

(4) default in the performance, or breach, of any covenant of the Company in Article Eight of this Indenture; or 

(5) default in the performance, or breach, of any covenant or warranty of the Company in this Indenture (other than a covenant
or warranty a default in whose performance or whose breach is elsewhere in this Section specifically dealt with or which has expressly been included in this Indenture solely for the benefit of series of Securities other than that series), and
continuance of such default or breach for a period of 60 days after there has been given, by registered or certified mail, to the Company by the Trustee or to the Company and the Trustee by the Holders of at least 25% in principal amount of the
Outstanding Securities of that series a written notice specifying such default or breach and requiring it to be remedied and stating that such notice is a “Notice of Default” hereunder; or 

(6) any Debt of the Company or any Significant Subsidiary is not paid within any applicable grace period after final maturity
or is accelerated by the holders thereof because of a default and the total amount of such Debt unpaid or accelerated exceeds $            million, or its foreign currency equivalent at the
time; or 
 (7) the entry by a court having jurisdiction in the premises of (A) a decree or order for relief in respect
of the Company or any Significant Subsidiary in an involuntary case or proceeding under any applicable Federal or State bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or other similar law or (B) a decree or order adjudging the Company or any
Significant Subsidiary as bankrupt or insolvent, or approving as properly filed a petition seeking reorganization, arrangement, adjustment or composition of or in respect of the Company or any Significant Subsidiary under any applicable Federal or
State law, or appointing a custodian, receiver, liquidator, assignee, trustee, sequestrator or other similar official of the Company or any Significant Subsidiary or of any substantial part of its or their property, or ordering the winding up or
liquidation of its or their affairs, and the continuance of any such decree or order for relief or any such other decree or order unstayed and in effect for a period of 60 consecutive days; or 

  
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 (8) the commencement by the Company or any Significant Subsidiary of a voluntary
case or proceeding under any applicable Federal or State bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or other similar law or of any other case or proceeding to be adjudicated a bankrupt or insolvent, or the consent by it or them to the entry of a decree
or order for relief in respect of the Company or any Significant Subsidiary in an involuntary case or proceeding under any applicable Federal or State bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or other similar law or to the commencement of any
bankruptcy or insolvency case or proceeding against it or them, or the filing by it or them of a petition or answer or consent seeking reorganization or relief under any applicable Federal or State law, or the consent by it or them to the filing of
such petition or to the appointment of or taking possession by a custodian, receiver, liquidator, assignee, trustee, sequestrator or other similar official of the Company or any Significant Subsidiary or of any substantial part of its or their
property, or the making by it or them of an assignment for the benefit of creditors, or the admission by it or them in writing of its or their inability to pay its or their debts generally as they become due, or the taking of corporate action by the
Company or any Significant Subsidiary in furtherance of any such action; or 
 (9) any other Event of Default provided with
respect to Securities of that series. 
 SECTION 502. Acceleration of Maturity; Rescission and Annulment. 

If an Event of Default (other than an Event of Default with respect to the Company specified in Section 501(7) or 501(8)) with respect to
Securities of any series at the time Outstanding occurs and is continuing, then in every such case the Trustee or the Holders of not less than 25% in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of that series may declare the principal amount of
all the Securities of that series (or, if any Securities of that series are Original Issue Discount Securities, such portion of the principal amount of such Securities as may be specified by the terms thereof) to be due and payable immediately, by a
notice in writing to the Company (and to the Trustee if given by Holders), and upon any such declaration such principal amount (or specified amount), together with any accrued and unpaid interest thereon, shall become immediately due and payable. If
an Event of Default with respect to the Company specified in Section 501(7) or 501(8) with respect to Securities of any series at the time Outstanding occurs, the principal amount of all the Securities of that series (or, if any Securities of
that series are Original Issue Discount Securities, such portion of the principal amount of such Securities as may be specified by the terms thereof), together with any accrued and unpaid interest thereon, shall automatically, and without any
declaration or other action on the part of the Trustee or any Holder, become immediately due and payable. 
 At any time after such a
declaration of acceleration with respect to Securities of any series has been made and before a judgment or decree for payment of the money due has been obtained by the Trustee as hereinafter in this Article provided, the Holders of a majority in
principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of that series, by written notice to the Company and the Trustee, may rescind and annul such declaration and its consequences if 

(1) the Company has paid or deposited with the Trustee a sum sufficient to pay 

(A) all overdue interest on all Securities of that series, 

(B) the principal of (and premium, if any, on) any Securities of that series which have become due otherwise than by such
declaration of acceleration and any interest thereon at the rate or rates prescribed therefor in such Securities, 
 (C) to
the extent that payment of such interest is lawful, interest upon overdue interest at the rate or rates prescribed therefor in such Securities, and 

(D) all sums paid or advanced by the Trustee hereunder and the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of
the Trustee, its agents and counsel; and 
 (2) all Events of Default with respect to Securities of that series, other than
the non-payment of the principal of Securities of that series which has become due solely by such declaration of acceleration, have been cured or waived as provided in Section 513. 

  
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 No such rescission shall affect any subsequent default or impair any right consequent thereon.

 SECTION 503. Collection of Indebtedness and Suits for Enforcement by Trustee. 

The Company covenants that if 

(1) default is made in the payment of any interest on any Security when such interest becomes due and payable and such default
continues for a period of 30 days, or 
 (2) default is made in the payment of the principal of (or premium, if any, on)
any Security at the Maturity thereof, 
 the Company will, upon demand of the Trustee, pay to it, for the benefit of the Holders of such Securities, the
whole amount then due and payable on such Securities for principal and any premium and interest and, to the extent that payment of such interest shall be legally enforceable, interest on any overdue principal and premium and on any overdue interest,
at the rate or rates prescribed therefor in such Securities, and, in addition thereto, such further amount as shall be sufficient to cover the costs and expenses of collection, including the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and
advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel. 
 If an Event of Default with respect to Securities of any series occurs and is
continuing, the Trustee may in its discretion proceed to protect and enforce its rights and the rights of the Holders of Securities of such series by such appropriate judicial proceedings as the Trustee shall deem most effectual to protect and
enforce any such rights, whether for the specific enforcement of any covenant or agreement in this Indenture or in aid of the exercise of any power granted herein, or to enforce any other proper remedy. 

SECTION 504. Trustee May File Proofs of Claim. 

In case of any judicial proceeding relative to the Company or any other obligor upon the Securities, or the property or creditors of the
Company or any other obligor upon the Securities, the Trustee shall be entitled and empowered, by intervention in such proceeding or otherwise, to take any and all actions authorized under the Trust Indenture Act in order to have claims of the
Holders and the Trustee allowed in any such proceeding. In particular, the Trustee shall be authorized to collect and receive any moneys or other property payable or deliverable on any such claims and to distribute the same; and any custodian,
receiver, assignee, trustee, liquidator, sequestrator or other similar official in any such judicial proceeding is hereby authorized by each Holder to make such payments to the Trustee and, in the event that the Trustee shall consent to the making
of such payments directly to the Holders, to pay to the Trustee any amount due it for the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel, and any other amounts due the Trustee under
Section 607. 
 No provision of this Indenture shall be deemed to authorize the Trustee to authorize or consent to or accept or adopt
on behalf of any Holder any plan of reorganization, arrangement, adjustment or composition affecting the Securities or the rights of any Holder thereof or to authorize the Trustee to vote in respect of the claim of any Holder in any such proceeding;
provided, however, that the Trustee may, on behalf of the Holders, vote for the election of a trustee in bankruptcy or similar official and be a member of a creditors’ or other similar committee. 

SECTION 505. Trustee May Enforce Claims Without Possession of Securities. 

All rights of action and claims under this Indenture or the Securities may be prosecuted and enforced by the Trustee without the possession of
any of the Securities or the production thereof in any proceeding relating thereto, and any such proceeding instituted by the Trustee shall be brought in its own name as trustee of an express trust, and any recovery of judgment shall, after
provision for the payment of the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel, be for the ratable benefit of the Holders of the Securities in respect of which such judgment has been recovered.


  
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 SECTION 506. Application of Money Collected. 

Any money collected by the Trustee pursuant to this Article shall be applied in the following order, at the date or dates fixed by the Trustee
and, in case of the distribution of such money on account of principal or any premium or interest, upon presentation of the Securities and the notation thereon of the payment if only partially paid and upon surrender thereof if fully paid: 

FIRST: To the payment of all amounts due the Trustee under Section 607; 

SECOND: Subject to Article Twelve and Article Fourteen, to the payment of the amounts then due and unpaid for principal of and any
premium and interest on the Securities in respect of which or for the benefit of which such money has been collected, ratably, without preference or priority of any kind, according to the amounts due and payable on such Securities for principal and
any premium and interest, respectively; and 
 THIRD: The balance, if any, to the Company or to such other Person as a court of competent
jurisdiction shall direct. 
 SECTION 507. Limitation on Suits. 

No Holder of any Security of any series shall have any right to institute any proceeding, judicial or otherwise, with respect to this
Indenture, or for the appointment of a receiver or trustee, or for any other remedy hereunder, unless 
 (1) such Holder has
previously given written notice to the Trustee of a continuing Event of Default with respect to the Securities of that series; 

(2) the Holders of not less than 25% in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of that series shall have made written
request to the Trustee to institute proceedings in respect of such Event of Default in its own name as Trustee hereunder; 

(3) such Holder or Holders have offered to the Trustee reasonable security or indemnity against the costs, expenses and
liabilities to be incurred in compliance with such request; 
 (4) the Trustee for 60 days after its receipt of such
notice, request and offer of security or indemnity has failed to institute any such proceeding; and 
 (5) no direction
inconsistent with such written request has been given to the Trustee during such 60-day period by the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of that series; 

it being understood and intended that no one or more of such Holders shall have any right in any manner whatever by virtue of, or by availing of, any
provision of this Indenture to affect, disturb or prejudice the rights of any other of such Holders, or to obtain or to seek to obtain priority or preference over any other of such Holders or to enforce any right under this Indenture, except in the
manner herein provided and for the equal and ratable benefit of all of such Holders. 
 SECTION 508. Unconditional Right of Holders to Receive
Principal, Premium and Interest. 
 Notwithstanding any other provision in this Indenture, the Holder of any Security shall have the
right, which is absolute and unconditional, to receive payment of the principal of and any premium and (subject to Section 307) interest on such Security on the respective Stated Maturities expressed in such Security (or, in the case of
redemption or offer by the Company to purchase the Securities pursuant to the terms of this Indenture, on the Redemption Date or purchase date, as applicable) and, if applicable, to convert such Security in accordance with its terms, and to
institute suit for the enforcement of any such right, and such rights shall not be impaired without the consent of such Holder. 

  
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 SECTION 509. Restoration of Rights and Remedies. 

If the Trustee or any Holder has instituted any proceeding to enforce any right or remedy under this Indenture and such proceeding has been
discontinued or abandoned for any reason, or has been determined adversely to the Trustee or to such Holder, then and in every such case, subject to any determination in such proceeding, the Company, the Trustee and the Holders shall be restored
severally and respectively to their former positions hereunder and thereafter all rights and remedies of the Trustee and the Holders shall continue as though no such proceeding had been instituted. 

SECTION 510. Rights and Remedies Cumulative. 

Except as otherwise provided with respect to the replacement or payment of mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Securities in the last
paragraph of Section 306, no right or remedy herein conferred upon or reserved to the Trustee or to the Holders is intended to be exclusive of any other right or remedy, and every right and remedy shall, to the extent permitted by law, be
cumulative and in addition to every other right and remedy given hereunder or now or hereafter existing at law or in equity or otherwise. The assertion or employment of any right or remedy hereunder, or otherwise, shall not prevent the concurrent
assertion or employment of any other appropriate right or remedy. 
 SECTION 511. Delay or Omission Not Waiver. 

No delay or omission of the Trustee or of any Holder of any Securities to exercise any right or remedy accruing upon any Event of Default shall
impair any such right or remedy or constitute a waiver of any such Event of Default or an acquiescence therein. Every right and remedy given by this Article or by law to the Trustee or to the Holders may be exercised from time to time, and as often
as may be deemed expedient, by the Trustee or by the Holders, as the case may be. 
 SECTION 512. Control by Holders. 

The Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of any series shall have the right to direct the time, method and
place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee, or exercising any trust or power conferred on the Trustee, with respect to the Securities of such series, provided that 

(1) such direction shall not be in conflict with any rule of law or with this Indenture, and 

(2) the Trustee may take any other action deemed proper by the Trustee which is not inconsistent with such direction. 

SECTION 513. Waiver of Past Defaults. 

The Holders of not less than a majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of any series may on behalf of the Holders of all the
Securities of such series waive any past default hereunder with respect to such series and its consequences, except a default 

(1) in the payment of the principal of or any premium or interest on any Security of such series (including any Security which
is required to have been purchased by the Company pursuant to an offer to purchase by the Company made pursuant to the terms of this Indenture), or 

(2) in respect of a covenant or provision hereof which under Article Nine cannot be modified or amended without the
consent of the Holder of each Outstanding Security of such series. 
 Upon any such waiver, such default shall cease to exist, and any Event
of Default arising therefrom shall be deemed to have been cured, for every purpose of this Indenture; but no such waiver shall extend to any subsequent or other default or impair any right consequent thereon. 

  
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 SECTION 514. Undertaking for Costs. 

In any suit for the enforcement of any right or remedy under this Indenture, or in any suit against the Trustee for any action taken, suffered
or omitted by it as Trustee, a court may require any party litigant in such suit to file an undertaking to pay the costs of such suit, and may assess costs against any such party litigant, in the manner and to the extent provided in the Trust
Indenture Act; provided, however, that neither this Section nor the Trust Indenture Act shall be deemed to authorize any court to require such an undertaking or to make such an assessment in any suit instituted by the Company. 

SECTION 515. Waiver of Usury, Stay or Extension Laws. 

The Company covenants (to the extent that it may lawfully do so) that it will not at any time insist upon, or plead, or in any manner
whatsoever claim or take the benefit or advantage of, any usury, stay or extension law wherever enacted, now or at any time hereafter in force, which may affect the covenants or the performance of this Indenture; and the Company (to the extent that
it may lawfully do so) hereby expressly waives all benefit or advantage of any such law and covenants that it will not hinder, delay or impede the execution of any power herein granted to the Trustee, but will suffer and permit the execution of
every such power as though no such law had been enacted. 
 ARTICLE SIX 

THE TRUSTEE 
 SECTION 601. Certain
Duties and Responsibilities. 
 The duties and responsibilities of the Trustee shall be as expressly set forth in this Indenture and
as provided by the Trust Indenture Act. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no provision of this Indenture shall require the Trustee to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise incur any financial liability in the performance of any of its duties
hereunder, or in the exercise of any of its rights or powers, if it shall have reasonable grounds for believing that repayment of such funds or adequate indemnity against such risk or liability is not reasonably assured to it. Whether or not therein
expressly so provided, every provision of this Indenture relating to the conduct or affecting the liability of or affording protection to the Trustee shall be subject to the provisions of this Section. 

SECTION 602. Notice of Defaults. 

If a default occurs hereunder with respect to Securities of any series, the Trustee shall give the Holders of Securities of such series notice
of such default as and to the extent provided by the Trust Indenture Act; provided, however, that in the case of any default of the character specified in Section 501(5) with respect to Securities of such series, no such notice to Holders shall
be given until at least 30 days after the occurrence thereof. For the purpose of this Section, the term “default” means any event which is, or after notice or lapse of time or both would become, an Event of Default with respect
to Securities of such series. 
 SECTION 603. Certain Rights of Trustee. 

Subject to the provisions of Section 601: 

(1) the Trustee may rely and shall be protected in acting or refraining from acting upon any resolution, certificate,
statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, direction, consent, order, bond, debenture, note, other evidence of indebtedness or other paper or document believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed or presented by the proper
party or parties; 
 (2) any request or direction of the Company mentioned herein shall be sufficiently evidenced by a
Company Request or Company Order, and any resolution of the Board of Directors shall be sufficiently evidenced by a Board Resolution; 

  
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 (3) whenever in the administration of this Indenture the Trustee shall deem it
desirable that a matter be proved or established prior to taking, suffering or omitting any action hereunder, the Trustee (unless other evidence be herein specifically prescribed) may, in the absence of bad faith on its part, rely upon an
Officers’ Certificate; 
 (4) the Trustee may consult with counsel and the written advice of such counsel or any Opinion
of Counsel shall be full and complete authorization and protection in respect of any action taken, suffered or omitted by it hereunder in good faith and in reliance thereon; 

(5) the Trustee shall be under no obligation to exercise any of the rights or powers vested in it by this Indenture at the
request or direction of any of the Holders pursuant to this Indenture, unless such Holders shall have offered to the Trustee reasonable security or indemnity against the costs, expenses and liabilities which might be incurred by it in compliance
with such request or direction; 
 (6) the Trustee shall not be bound to make any investigation into the facts or matters
stated in any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, direction, consent, order, bond, debenture, note, other evidence of indebtedness or other paper or document, but the Trustee, in its discretion, may make
such further inquiry or investigation into such facts or matters as it may see fit, and, if the Trustee shall determine to make such further inquiry or investigation, it shall be entitled to examine the books, records and premises of the Company,
personally or by agent or attorney; and 
 (7) the Trustee may execute any of the trusts or powers hereunder or perform any
duties hereunder either directly or by or through agents or attorneys and the Trustee shall not be responsible for any misconduct or negligence on the part of any agent or attorney appointed with due care by it hereunder. 

SECTION 604. Not Responsible for Recitals or Issuance of Securities. 

The recitals contained herein and in the Securities, except the Trustee’s certificates of authentication, shall be taken as the statements
of the Company, as the case may be, and neither the Trustee nor any Authenticating Agent assumes any responsibility for their correctness. The Trustee makes no representations as to the validity or sufficiency of this Indenture or of the Securities.
Neither the Trustee nor any Authenticating Agent shall be accountable for the use or application by the Company of Securities or the proceeds thereof. 

SECTION 605. May Hold Securities. 

The Trustee, any Authenticating Agent, any Paying Agent, any Security Registrar or any other agent of the Company, in its individual or any
other capacity, may become the owner or pledgee of Securities and, subject to Sections 608 and 613, may otherwise deal with the Company with the same rights it would have if it were not Trustee, Authenticating Agent, Paying Agent, Security
Registrar or such other agent. 
 SECTION 606. Money Held in Trust. 

Money held by the Trustee in trust hereunder need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent required by law. The Trustee shall be
under no liability for interest on any money received by it hereunder except as otherwise agreed with the Company. 
 SECTION 607. Compensation and
Reimbursement. 
 The Company agrees: 

(1) to pay to the Trustee from time to time reasonable compensation for all services rendered by it hereunder (which
compensation shall not be limited by any provision of law in regard to the compensation of a trustee of an express trust); 

  
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 (2) except as otherwise expressly provided herein, to reimburse the Trustee upon
its request for all reasonable expenses, disbursements and advances incurred or made by the Trustee in accordance with any provision of this Indenture (including the reasonable compensation and the expenses and disbursements of its agents and
counsel), except any such expense, disbursement or advance as may be attributable to its negligence or bad faith; and 
 (3)
to indemnify the Trustee for, and to hold it harmless against, any loss, liability or expense incurred without negligence or bad faith on its part, arising out of or in connection with the acceptance or administration of the trust or trusts
hereunder, including the costs and expenses of defending itself against any claim or liability in connection with the exercise or performance of any of its powers or duties hereunder. 

SECTION 608. Conflicting Interests. 

If the Trustee has or shall acquire a conflicting interest within the meaning of the Trust Indenture Act, the Trustee shall either eliminate
such interest or resign, to the extent and in the manner provided by, and subject to the provisions of, the Trust Indenture Act and this Indenture. 

To the extent permitted by such Act, the Trustee shall not be deemed to have a conflicting interest by virtue of being a trustee under this
Indenture with respect to Securities of more than one series. 
 SECTION 609. Corporate Trustee Required; Eligibility. 

There shall at all times be one (and only one) Trustee hereunder with respect to the Securities of each series, which may be Trustee hereunder
for Securities of one or more other series. Each Trustee shall be a Person that is eligible pursuant to the Trust Indenture Act to act as such, and has a combined capital and surplus of at least $50,000,000. If any such Person publishes reports of
condition at least annually, pursuant to law or to the requirements of its supervising or examining authority, then for the purposes of this Section and to the extent permitted by the Trust Indenture Act, the combined capital and surplus of such
Person shall be deemed to be its combined capital and surplus as set forth in its most recent report of condition so published. If at any time the Trustee with respect to the Securities of any series shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the
provisions of this Section, it shall resign immediately in the manner and with the effect hereinafter specified in this Article. 
 SECTION 610.
Resignation and Removal; Appointment of Successor. 
 No resignation or removal of the Trustee and no appointment of a
successor Trustee pursuant to this Article shall become effective until the acceptance of appointment by the successor Trustee in accordance with the applicable requirements of Section 611. 

The Trustee may resign at any time with respect to the Securities of one or more series by giving written notice thereof to the Company. If
the instrument of acceptance by a successor Trustee required by Section 611 shall not have been delivered to the Trustee within 30 days after the giving of such notice of resignation, the resigning Trustee may petition any court of
competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of such series. 
 The Trustee may be
removed at any time with respect to the Securities of any series by Act of the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of such series, delivered to the Trustee and to the Company. 

If at any time: 

(1) the Trustee shall fail to comply with Section 608 after written request therefor by the Company or by any Holder who
has been a bona fide Holder of a Security for at least six months, or 

  
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 (2) the Trustee shall cease to be eligible under Section 609 and shall fail
to resign after written request therefor by the Company or by any such Holder, or 
 (3) the Trustee shall become incapable
of acting or shall be adjudged a bankrupt or insolvent or a receiver of the Trustee or of its property shall be appointed or any public officer shall take charge or control of the Trustee or of its property or affairs for the purpose of
rehabilitation, conservation or liquidation, 
 then, in any such case, (A) the Company by a Board Resolution may remove the Trustee with respect to
all Securities, or (B) subject to Section 514, any Holder who has been a bona fide Holder of a Security for at least six months may, on behalf of himself and all others similarly situated, petition any court of competent jurisdiction for
the removal of the Trustee with respect to all Securities and the appointment of a successor Trustee or Trustees. 
 If the Trustee shall
resign, be removed or become incapable of acting, or if a vacancy shall occur in the office of Trustee for any cause, with respect to the Securities of one or more series, the Company, by a Board Resolution, shall promptly appoint a successor
Trustee or Trustees with respect to the Securities of that or those series (it being understood that any such successor Trustee may be appointed with respect to the Securities of one or more or all of such series and that at any time there shall be
only one Trustee with respect to the Securities of any particular series) and shall comply with the applicable requirements of Section 611. If, within one year after such resignation, removal or incapability, or the occurrence of such vacancy,
a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of any series shall be appointed by Act of the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of such series delivered to the Company and the retiring Trustee, the successor
Trustee so appointed shall, forthwith upon its acceptance of such appointment in accordance with the applicable requirements of Section 611, become the successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of such series and to that extent supersede
the successor Trustee appointed by the Company. If no successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of any series shall have been so appointed by the Company or the Holders and accepted appointment in the manner required by Section 611, any
Holder who has been a bona fide Holder of a Security of such series for at least six months may, on behalf of himself and all others similarly situated, petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor Trustee with
respect to the Securities of such series. 
 The Company shall give notice of each resignation and each removal of the Trustee with respect
to the Securities of any series and each appointment of a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of any series to all Holders of Securities of such series in the manner provided in Section 106. Each notice shall include the name of
the successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of such series and the address of its Corporate Trust Office. 
 SECTION 611. Acceptance of
Appointment by Successor. 
 In case of the appointment hereunder of a successor Trustee with respect to all Securities, every such
successor Trustee so appointed shall execute, acknowledge and deliver to the Company and to the retiring Trustee an instrument accepting such appointment, and thereupon the resignation or removal of the retiring Trustee shall become effective and
such successor Trustee, without any further act, deed or conveyance, shall become vested with all the rights, powers, trusts and duties of the retiring Trustee; but, on the request of the Company or the successor Trustee, such retiring Trustee
shall, upon payment of its charges, execute and deliver an instrument transferring to such successor Trustee all the rights, powers and trusts of the retiring Trustee and shall duly assign, transfer and deliver to such successor Trustee all property
and money held by such retiring Trustee hereunder. 
 In case of the appointment hereunder of a successor Trustee with respect to the
Securities of one or more (but not all) series, the Company, the retiring Trustee and each successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of one or more series shall execute and deliver an indenture supplemental hereto wherein each successor
Trustee shall accept such appointment and which (1) shall contain such provisions as shall be necessary or desirable to transfer and confirm to, and to vest in, each successor Trustee all the rights, powers, trusts and duties of the retiring
Trustee with respect to the Securities of that or those series to which the appointment of such successor Trustee relates, (2) if the retiring Trustee is not retiring with respect to all Securities, shall contain such provisions as shall be
deemed necessary or desirable to confirm that all the rights, powers, trusts and duties of the retiring Trustee with respect to the Securities of that or those series as to which the retiring Trustee is not retiring shall continue to be vested in
the retiring Trustee, and (3) shall add to or change any of the provisions of this Indenture as shall be necessary to 

  
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provide for or facilitate the administration of the trusts hereunder by more than one Trustee, it being understood that nothing herein or in such supplemental indenture shall constitute such
Trustees co-trustees of the same trust and that each such Trustee shall be trustee of a trust or trusts hereunder separate and apart from any trust or trusts hereunder administered by any other such Trustee; and upon the execution and delivery of
such supplemental indenture the resignation or removal of the retiring Trustee shall become effective to the extent provided therein and each such successor Trustee, without any further act, deed or conveyance, shall become vested with all the
rights, powers, trusts and duties of the retiring Trustee with respect to the Securities of that or those series to which the appointment of such successor Trustee relates; but, on request of the Company or any successor Trustee, such retiring
Trustee shall duly assign, transfer and deliver to such successor Trustee all property and money held by such retiring Trustee hereunder with respect to the Securities of that or those series to which the appointment of such successor Trustee
relates. 
 Upon request of any such successor Trustee and the Company shall execute any and all instruments for more fully and certainly
vesting in and confirming to such successor Trustee all such rights, powers and trusts referred to in the first or second preceding paragraph, as the case may be. 

No successor Trustee shall accept its appointment unless at the time of such acceptance such successor Trustee shall be qualified and eligible
under this Article. 
 SECTION 612. Merger, Conversion, Consolidation or Succession to Business. 

Any Person into which the Trustee may be merged or converted or with which it may be consolidated, or any Person resulting from any merger,
conversion or consolidation to which the Trustee shall be a party, or any Person succeeding to all or substantially all the corporate trust business of the Trustee, shall be the successor of the Trustee hereunder, provided such Person shall be
otherwise qualified and eligible under this Article, without the execution or filing of any paper or any further act on the part of any of the parties hereto. As soon as practicable, the successor Trustee shall mail a notice of its succession to the
Company and the Holders of the Securities then Outstanding. In case any Securities shall have been authenticated, but not delivered, by the Trustee then in office, any successor by merger, conversion or consolidation to such authenticating Trustee
may adopt such authentication and deliver the Securities so authenticated with the same effect as if such successor Trustee had itself authenticated such Securities. 

SECTION 613. Preferential Collection of Claims Against Company. 

If and when the Trustee shall be or become a creditor of the Company or any other obligor upon the Securities, the Trustee shall be subject to
the provisions of the Trust Indenture Act regarding the collection of claims against the Company or any such other obligor. 
 SECTION 614.
Appointment of Authenticating Agent. 
 The Trustee may appoint an Authenticating Agent or Agents with respect to one or more
series of Securities which shall be authorized to act on behalf of the Trustee to authenticate Securities of such series issued upon original issue and upon exchange, registration of transfer, conversion or partial redemption thereof or pursuant to
Section 306, and Securities so authenticated shall be entitled to the benefits of this Indenture and shall be valid and obligatory for all purposes as if authenticated by the Trustee hereunder. Wherever reference is made in this Indenture to
the authentication and delivery of Securities by the Trustee or the Trustee’s certificate of authentication, such reference shall be deemed to include authentication and delivery on behalf of the Trustee by an Authenticating Agent and a
certificate of authentication executed on behalf of the Trustee by an Authenticating Agent. Each Authenticating Agent shall be acceptable to the Company and shall at all times be a Person organized and doing business under the laws of the United
States of America, any State thereof or the District of Columbia, authorized under such laws to act as Authenticating Agent, having a combined capital and surplus of not less than $50,000,000 and subject to supervision or examination by Federal or
State authority. If such Authenticating Agent publishes reports of condition at least annually, pursuant to law or to the requirements of said supervising or examining authority, then for the purposes of this Section, the combined capital and
surplus of such Authenticating Agent shall be deemed to be its combined capital and surplus as set forth in its most recent report of condition so published. If at any time an Authenticating Agent shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the
provisions of this Section, such Authenticating Agent shall resign immediately in the manner and with the effect specified in this Section. 

  
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 Any Person into which an Authenticating Agent may be merged or converted or with which it may be
consolidated, or any Person resulting from any merger, conversion or consolidation to which such Authenticating Agent shall be a party, or any Person succeeding to the corporate agency or corporate trust business of an Authenticating Agent, shall
continue to be an Authenticating Agent, provided such Person shall be otherwise eligible under this Section, without the execution or filing of any paper or any further act on the part of the Trustee or the Authenticating Agent. 

An Authenticating Agent may resign at any time by giving written notice thereof to the Trustee and to the Company. The Trustee may at any time
terminate the agency of an Authenticating Agent by giving written notice thereof to such Authenticating Agent and to the Company. Upon receiving such a notice of resignation or upon such a termination, or in case at any time such Authenticating
Agent shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the provisions of this Section, the Trustee may appoint a successor Authenticating Agent which shall be acceptable to the Company and shall give notice of such appointment in the manner provided in
Section 106 to all Holders of Securities of the series with respect to which such Authenticating Agent will serve. Any successor Authenticating Agent upon acceptance of its appointment hereunder shall become vested with all the rights, powers
and duties of its predecessor hereunder, with like effect as if originally named as an Authenticating Agent. No successor Authenticating Agent shall be appointed unless eligible under the provisions of this Section. 

The Trustee agrees to pay to each Authenticating Agent from time to time reasonable compensation for its services under this Section, and the
Trustee shall be entitled to be reimbursed for such payments, subject to the provisions of Section 607. 
 If an appointment with
respect to one or more series is made pursuant to this Section, the Securities of such series may have endorsed thereon, in addition to the Trustee’s certificate of authentication, an alternative certificate of authentication in the following
form: 
 This is one of the Securities of the series designated therein referred to in the within-mentioned Indenture. 

 

			
	
[                  
  ],
     As Trustee

		
	 By:
	 	  

		 	As Authenticating Agent
		
	 By:
	 	  

		 	Authorized Officer


 ARTICLE SEVEN 

HOLDERS’ LISTS AND REPORTS BY TRUSTEE AND COMPANY 

SECTION 701. Company to Furnish Trustee Names and Addresses of Holders. 

The Company will furnish or cause to be furnished to the Trustee with respect to the Securities of each series: 

(1) not more than 10 days after each record date with respect to the payment of interest, if any, a list, in such form as
the Trustee may reasonably require, of the names and addresses of the Holders of Securities of such series as of such record date, and 

  
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 (2) at such other times as the Trustee may request in writing, within
30 days after the receipt by the Company of any such request, a list of similar form and content as of a date not more than 15 days prior to the time such list is furnished; 

excluding from any such list names and addresses received by the Trustee in its capacity as Security Registrar. 

SECTION 702. Preservation of Information; Communications to Holders. 

The Trustee shall preserve, in as current a form as is reasonably practicable, the names and addresses of Holders contained in the most recent
list furnished to the Trustee as provided in Section 701 and the names and addresses of Holders received by the Trustee in its capacity as Security Registrar. The Trustee may destroy any list furnished to it as provided in Section 701 upon
receipt of a new list so furnished. 
 The rights of Holders to communicate with other Holders with respect to their rights under this
Indenture or under the Securities, and the corresponding rights and privileges of the Trustee, shall be as provided by the Trust Indenture Act. 

Every Holder of Securities, by receiving and holding the same, agrees with the Company and the Trustee that neither the Company nor the
Trustee nor any agent of any of them shall be held accountable by reason of any disclosure of information as to names and addresses of Holders made pursuant to the Trust Indenture Act. 

SECTION 703. Reports by Trustee. 

The Trustee shall transmit to Holders such reports concerning the Trustee and its actions under this Indenture as may be required pursuant to
the Trust Indenture Act at the times and in the manner provided pursuant thereto. 
 A copy of each such report shall, at the time of such
transmission to Holders, be filed by the Trustee with each stock exchange upon which any Securities are listed, with the Commission and with the Company. The Company will notify the Trustee when any Securities are listed on any stock exchange. 

SECTION 704. Reports by Company. 

The Company shall file with the Trustee and the Commission, and transmit to Holders, such information, documents and other reports, and such
summaries thereof, as may be required pursuant to the Trust Indenture Act at the times and in the manner provided pursuant to such Act; provided that any such information, documents or reports required to be filed with the Commission pursuant to
Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act shall be filed with the Trustee within 15 days after the same is filed with the Commission. 

ARTICLE EIGHT 

CONSOLIDATION, MERGER, CONVEYANCE, TRANSFER OR LEASE 

SECTION 801. Company May Consolidate, Etc., Only on Certain Terms. 

The Company shall not, in a single transaction or a series of related transactions, consolidate with or merge into any other Person or permit
any other Person to consolidate with or merge into the Company or, directly or indirectly, transfer, convey, sell, lease or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of its assets, unless: 

(1) in a transaction in which the Company does not survive or in which the Company transfers, conveys, sells, leases or
otherwise disposes of all or substantially all of its assets, the successor entity (for purposes of this Article Eight, a “Successor Company”) shall be a corporation, partnership, trust or other entity organized and validly
existing under the laws of the United States of America, any State thereof or the District of Columbia, and shall expressly assume, by an indenture supplemental hereto, executed and delivered to the Trustee, in form satisfactory to the Trustee, the
due and punctual payment of the principal of and any premium and interest on all the Securities and the performance or observance of every covenant of this Indenture on the part of the Company to be performed or observed; 

  
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 (2) immediately before and after giving pro forma effect to such transaction and
treating any indebtedness which becomes an obligation of the Company or any Subsidiary as a result of such transaction as having been incurred by the Company or such Subsidiary at the time of such transaction, no Event of Default, and no event
which, after notice or lapse of time or both, would become an Event of Default, shall have happened and be continuing; 
 (3)
if, as a result of any such consolidation or merger or such transfer, conveyance, sale, lease or other disposition, properties or assets of the Company would become subject to a mortgage, pledge, lien, security interest or other encumbrance which
would not be permitted by this Indenture, the Company or the Successor Company, as the case may be, shall take such steps as shall be necessary effectively to secure the Securities equally and ratably with (or prior to) all indebtedness secured
thereby; 
 (4) any other conditions provided pursuant to Section 301 with respect to the Securities of a series are
satisfied; and 
 (5) the Company has delivered to the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each
stating that such consolidation, merger, transfer, conveyance, sale, lease or other disposition and, if a supplemental indenture is required in connection with such transaction, such supplemental indenture comply with this Article and that all
conditions precedent herein provided for relating to such transaction have been complied with. 
 SECTION 802. [Intentionally Omitted]. 

SECTION 803. Successor Substituted. 

Upon any consolidation of the Company with, or merger of the Company into, any other Person or any transfer, conveyance, sale, lease or other
disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company in accordance with Section 801, the Successor Company shall succeed to, and be substituted for, and may exercise every right and power of, the Company under this Indenture
with the same effect as if such successor Person had been named as the Company herein, and thereafter, except in the case of a lease, the predecessor Person shall be relieved of all obligations and covenants under this Indenture and the Securities.

 ARTICLE NINE 

SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES 
 SECTION 901.
Supplemental Indentures Without Consent of Holders. 
 Without the consent of any Holders, the Company, when authorized by a
Board Resolution, and the Trustee, at any time and from time to time, may enter into one or more indentures supplemental hereto, in form satisfactory to the Trustee, for any of the following purposes: 

(1) to evidence the succession of another Person to the Company and the assumption by any such successor of the covenants of
the Company herein and in the Securities; or 
 (2) to add to the covenants of the Company for the benefit of the Holders of
all or any series of Securities (and if such covenants are to be for the benefit of less than all series of Securities, stating that such covenants are expressly being included solely for the benefit of such series) or to surrender any right or
power herein conferred upon the Company; or 
 (3) to add any additional Events of Default for the benefit of the Holders of
all or any series of Securities (and if such additional Events of Default are to be for the benefit of less than all series of Securities, stating that such additional Events of Default are expressly being included solely for the benefit of such
series); or 

  
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 (4) to add to or change any of the provisions of this Indenture to such extent as
shall be necessary to permit or facilitate the issuance of Securities in bearer form, registrable or not registrable as to principal, and with or without interest coupons, or to permit or facilitate the issuance of Securities in uncertificated form;
or 
 (5) to add to, change or eliminate any of the provisions of this Indenture in respect of one or more series of
Securities, provided that any such addition, change or elimination (A) shall neither (i) apply to any Security of any series created prior to the execution of such supplemental indenture and entitled to the benefit of such provision nor
(ii) modify the rights of the Holder of any such Security with respect to such provision or (B) shall become effective only when there is no such Security Outstanding; or 

(6) to secure the Securities; or 

(7) to establish the form or terms of Securities of any series as permitted by Sections 201 and 301; or 

(8) to evidence and provide for the acceptance of appointment hereunder by a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities
of one or more series and to add to or change any of the provisions of this Indenture as shall be necessary to provide for or facilitate the administration of the trusts hereunder by more than one Trustee, pursuant to the requirements of
Section 611; or 
 (9) to cure any ambiguity, to correct or supplement any provision herein which may be defective or
inconsistent with any other provision herein; or 
 (10) to make any other provisions with respect to matters or questions
arising under this Indenture, provided that such action pursuant to this clause (10) shall not adversely affect the interests of the Holders of Securities of any series in any material respect; or 

(11) to make any change to the provisions of Article Twelve that limits or terminates the benefits applicable to any
holder of Senior Debt. 
 SECTION 902. Supplemental Indentures With Consent of Holders. 

With the consent of the Holders of not less than a majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of each series affected by such
supplemental indenture, by Act of said Holders delivered to the Company and the Trustee, the Company, when authorized by a Board Resolution, and the Trustee may enter into an indenture or indentures supplemental hereto for the purpose of adding any
provisions to or changing in any manner or eliminating any of the provisions of this Indenture or of modifying in any manner the rights of the Holders of Securities of such series under this Indenture; provided, however, that no such supplemental
indenture shall, without the consent of the Holder of each Outstanding Security affected thereby: 
 (1) change the Stated
Maturity of the principal of, or any installment of principal of or interest on, any Security, or reduce the principal amount thereof or the rate of interest thereon or any premium payable upon the redemption thereof, or reduce the amount of the
principal of an Original Issue Discount Security or any other Security which would be due and payable upon a declaration of acceleration of the Maturity thereof pursuant to Section 502, or change any Place of Payment where, or the coin or
currency in which, any Security or any premium or interest thereon is payable, or impair the right to institute suit for the enforcement of (a) any such payment on or after the Stated Maturity thereof (or, in the case of redemption, on or after
the Redemption Date or in the case of an offer to purchase Securities which has been made pursuant to a covenant contained in this Indenture, on or after the applicable purchase date), or (b) any conversion right with respect to any Security,
or modify the provisions of this Indenture with respect to the conversion or subordination of the Securities, in a manner adverse to the Holders; or 

  
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 (2) reduce the percentage in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of
any series, the consent of whose Holders is required for any such supplemental indenture, or the consent of whose Holders is required for any waiver (of compliance with certain provisions of this Indenture or certain defaults hereunder and their
consequences) provided for in this Indenture; or 
 (3) modify any of the provisions of this Section, Section 513 or
Section 1009, except to increase any such percentage or to provide that certain other provisions of this Indenture cannot be modified or waived without the consent of the Holder of each Outstanding Security affected thereby; provided, however,
that this clause shall not be deemed to require the consent of any Holder with respect to changes in the references to “the Trustee” and concomitant changes in this Section and Section 1009, or the deletion of this proviso, in
accordance with the requirements of Sections 611 and 901(8); or 
 (4) following the making of an offer to purchase
Securities from any Holder which has been made pursuant to a covenant contained in this Indenture, modify the provisions of this Indenture with respect to such offer to purchase in a manner adverse to such Holder. 

A supplemental indenture which changes or eliminates any covenant or other provision of this Indenture which has expressly been included
solely for the benefit of one or more particular series of Securities, or which modifies the rights of the Holders of Securities of such series with respect to such covenant or other provision, shall be deemed not to affect the rights under this
Indenture of the Holders of Securities of any other series. 
 It shall not be necessary for any Act of Holders under this Section to
approve the particular form of any proposed supplemental indenture, but it shall be sufficient if such Act shall approve the substance thereof. 

After a supplemental indenture under this Section 902 requiring the consent of the Holders of any series of Debt Securities is approved,
the Company shall mail to Holders of that series of Debt Securities a notice briefly describing any amendment or supplement hereto effected by such supplemental indenture. The failure to give such notice to any such Holders, or any defect therein,
shall not impair or affect the validity of any amendment or supplement hereto effected by such supplemental indenture with respect to other Holders. 

SECTION 903. Execution of Supplemental Indentures. 

In executing, or accepting the additional trusts created by, any supplemental indenture permitted by this Article or the modifications thereby
of the trusts created by this Indenture, the Trustee shall be entitled to receive, and (subject to Section 601) shall be fully protected in relying upon, an Opinion of Counsel stating that the execution of such supplemental indenture is
authorized or permitted by this Indenture. The Trustee may, but shall not be obligated to, enter into any such supplemental indenture which affects the Trustee’s own rights, duties or immunities under this Indenture or otherwise. 

SECTION 904. Effect of Supplemental Indentures. 

Upon the execution of any supplemental indenture under this Article, this Indenture shall be modified in accordance therewith, and such
supplemental indenture shall form a part of this Indenture for all purposes; and every Holder of Securities theretofore or thereafter authenticated and delivered hereunder shall be bound thereby. 

SECTION 905. Conformity with Trust Indenture Act. 

Every supplemental indenture executed pursuant to this Article shall conform to the requirements of the Trust Indenture Act. 

  
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 SECTION 906. Reference in Securities to Supplemental Indentures. 

Securities of any series authenticated and delivered after the execution of any supplemental indenture pursuant to this Article may, and shall
if required by the Trustee, bear a notation in form approved by the Trustee as to any matter provided for in such supplemental indenture. If the Company shall so determine, new Securities of any series so modified as to conform, in the opinion of
the Trustee and the Company, to any such supplemental indenture may be prepared and executed by the Company and such new Securities may be authenticated and delivered by the Trustee in exchange for Outstanding Securities of such series. 

ARTICLE TEN 
 COVENANTS

 SECTION 1001. Payment of Principal, Premium and Interest. 

The Company covenants and agrees for the benefit of each series of Securities that it will duly and punctually pay the principal of and any
premium and interest on the Securities of that series in accordance with the terms of the Securities and this Indenture. Principal, premium, if any, and interest shall be considered paid on the date due if the Paying Agent, if other than the Company
or a Subsidiary thereof, holds as of 11:00 A.M., New York City time, on the due date money deposited with it in immediately available funds and designated for and sufficient to pay all principal, premium, if any, and interest then due, and such
Paying Agent is not prohibited from paying such money to the Holders entitled thereto on such date pursuant to the terms of Article Twelve or Fourteen of this Indenture. 

SECTION 1002. Maintenance of Office or Agency. 

The Company will maintain in each Place of Payment for any series of Securities an office or agency where Securities of that series may be
presented or surrendered for payment or, if applicable, for conversion, where Securities of that series may be surrendered for registration of transfer or exchange and where notices and demands to or upon the Company in respect of the Securities of
that series and this Indenture may be served. The Company will give prompt written notice to the Trustee of the location, and any change in the location, of such office or agency. If at any time the Company shall fail to maintain any such required
office or agency or shall fail to furnish the Trustee with the address thereof, such presentations, surrenders, notices and demands may be made or served at the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee, and the Company hereby appoints the Trustee as
its agent to receive all such presentations, surrenders, notices and demands. 
 The Company may also from time to time designate one or
more other offices or agencies where the Securities of one or more series may be presented or surrendered for any or all such purposes and may from time to time rescind such designations; provided, however, that no such designation or rescission
shall in any manner relieve the Company of its obligation to maintain an office or agency in each Place of Payment for Securities of any series for such purposes. The Company will give prompt written notice to the Trustee of any such designation or
rescission and of any change in the location of any such other office or agency. 
 SECTION 1003. Money for Securities Payments to Be Held in
Trust. 
 If the Company shall at any time act as its own Paying Agent with respect to any series of Securities, it will, on or
before each due date of the principal of or any premium or interest on any of the Securities of that series, segregate and hold in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled thereto a sum sufficient to pay the principal and any premium and
interest so becoming due until such sums shall be paid to such Persons or otherwise disposed of as herein provided and will promptly notify the Trustee of its action or failure so to act. 

Whenever the Company shall have one or more Paying Agents for any series of Securities, it will, prior to 11:00 A.M., New York City time,
on each due date of the principal of or any premium or interest on any Securities of that series, deposit with a Paying Agent a sum sufficient to pay such amount, such sum to be held as provided by the Trust Indenture Act, and (unless such Paying
Agent is the Trustee) the Company will promptly notify the Trustee of its action or failure so to act. 

  
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 The Company will cause each Paying Agent for any series of Securities other than the Trustee to
execute and deliver to the Trustee an instrument in which such Paying Agent shall agree with the Trustee, subject to the provisions of this Section, that such Paying Agent will (1) comply with the provisions of the Trust Indenture Act
applicable to it as a Paying Agent and (2) during the continuance of any default by the Company or any other obligor upon the Securities of that series in the making of any payment in respect of the Securities of that series, upon the written
request of the Trustee, forthwith pay to the Trustee all sums held in trust by such Paying Agent for payment in respect of the Securities of that series. 

The Company may at any time, for the purpose of obtaining the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture or for any other purpose, pay, or
by Company Order direct any Paying Agent to pay, to the Trustee all sums held in trust by the Company or such Paying Agent, such sums to be held by the Trustee upon the same trusts as those upon which such sums were held by the Company or such
Paying Agent; and, upon such payment by any Paying Agent to the Trustee, such Paying Agent shall be released from all further liability with respect to such money. 

Any money deposited with the Trustee or any Paying Agent, or then held by the Company, in trust for the payment of the principal of or any
premium or interest on any Security of any series and remaining unclaimed for two years after such principal, premium or interest has become due and payable shall be paid to the Company on Company Request, or (if then held by the Company) shall be
discharged from such trust; and the Holder of such Security shall thereafter, as an unsecured general creditor, look only to the Company for payment thereof, and all liability of the Trustee or such Paying Agent with respect to such trust money, and
all liability of the Company as trustee thereof, shall thereupon cease; provided, however, that the Trustee or such Paying Agent, before being required to make any such repayment, may at the expense of the Company cause to be published once, in a
newspaper published in the English language, customarily published on each Business Day and of general circulation in The City of New York, New York, notice that such money remains unclaimed and that, after a date specified therein, which shall not
be less than 30 days from the date of such publication, any unclaimed balance of such money then remaining will be repaid to the Company. 
 SECTION
1004. Statement by Officers as to Default. 
 (a) The Company will deliver to the Trustee, within 90 days after the
end of each fiscal year of the Company ending after the date hereof, an Officers’ Certificate, stating whether or not to the best knowledge of the signers thereof (i) the Company is in default in the performance and observance of any of
the terms, provisions and conditions of this Indenture (without regard to any period of grace or requirement of notice provided hereunder) and, if the Company shall be in default, specifying all such defaults and the nature and status thereof of
which they may have knowledge and (ii) any event has occurred and remains in existence prohibiting any payments on any series of Securities then Outstanding and, if any such event exists, a description of such event and what action the Company
is taking or proposes to take with respect thereto. 
 (b) The Company shall, so long as any series of Securities is Outstanding,
deliver to the Trustee, as soon as possible and in any event within five days after the Company becomes aware of the occurrence of an Event of Default or an event which, with notice or the lapse of time or both, would constitute an Event of Default,
an Officers’ Certificate setting forth the details of such Event of Default or default, and the action which the Company proposes to take with respect thereto. 

SECTION 1005. Existence. 

Subject to Article Eight, the Company will do or cause to be done all things necessary to preserve and keep in full force and effect the
existence, rights (charter and statutory) and franchises of the Company; provided, however, that the Company shall not be required to preserve any such right or franchise if it shall determine that the preservation thereof is no longer desirable in
the conduct of the business of the Company and that the loss thereof is not disadvantageous in any material respect to the Holders. 

  
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 SECTION 1006. Maintenance of Properties. 

The Company will cause all properties used or useful in the conduct of its business or the business of any Subsidiary to be maintained and kept
in good condition, repair and working order (reasonable wear and tear excepted) and supplied with all necessary equipment and will cause to be made all necessary repairs, renewals, replacements, betterments and improvements thereof, all as in the
judgment of the Company may be necessary so that the business carried on in connection therewith may be properly and advantageously conducted at all times; provided, however, that nothing in this Section shall prevent the Company from discontinuing
the operation or maintenance of any of such properties if such discontinuance is, in the judgment of the Company, desirable in the conduct of its business or the business of any Subsidiary and not disadvantageous in any material respect to the
Holders. 
 SECTION 1007. Payment of Taxes and Other Claims. 

The Company will pay or discharge or cause to be paid or discharged, before the same shall become delinquent, (1) all taxes, assessments
and governmental charges levied or imposed upon the Company or any Subsidiary or upon the income, profits or property of the Company or any Subsidiary, and (2) all lawful claims for labor, materials and supplies which, if unpaid, might by law
become a lien upon the property of the Company or any Subsidiary; provided, however, that the Company shall not be required to pay or discharge or cause to be paid or discharged any such tax, assessment, charge or claim whose amount, applicability
or validity is being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings. 
 SECTION 1008. Maintenance of Insurance. 

The Company shall, and shall cause its Subsidiaries to, keep at all times all of their properties which are of an insurable nature insured
against loss or damage with insurers believed by the Company to be responsible to the extent that property of similar character is usually so insured by corporations similarly situated and owning like properties in accordance with good business
practice. 
 SECTION 1009. Waiver of Certain Covenants. 

Except as otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 301 for Securities of such series, the Company may, with respect to the
Securities of any series, omit in any particular instance to comply with any term, provision or condition set forth in any of Sections 1005 through 1008 or in any covenant provided pursuant to Section 301(21), 901(2) or 901(7) for the
benefit of the Holders of such series if before the time for such compliance the Holders of at least a majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of such series shall, by Act of such Holders, either waive such compliance in such
instance or generally waive compliance with such term, provision or condition, but no such waiver shall extend to or affect such term, provision or condition except to the extent so expressly waived, and, until such waiver shall become effective,
the obligations of the Company and the duties of the Trustee in respect of any such term, provision or condition shall remain in full force and effect. 

ARTICLE ELEVEN 

REDEMPTION OF SECURITIES 
 SECTION 1101.
Applicability of Article. 
 Securities of any series which are redeemable before their Stated Maturity shall be redeemable in
accordance with their terms and (except as otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 301 for such Securities) in accordance with this Article. 

SECTION 1102. Election to Redeem; Notice to Trustee. 

The election of the Company to redeem any Securities shall be evidenced by a Board Resolution or in another manner specified as contemplated by
Section 301 for such Securities. In case of any redemption at the election of the Company of less than all the Securities of any series (including any such redemption affecting only a 

  
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single Security), the Company shall, at least five Business Days prior to giving notice of such redemption (unless a shorter notice shall be satisfactory to the Trustee), notify the Trustee of
such Redemption Date, of the principal amount of Securities of such series to be redeemed and, if applicable, of the tenor of the Securities to be redeemed. In the case of any redemption of Securities prior to the expiration of any restriction on
such redemption provided in the terms of such Securities or elsewhere in this Indenture, the Company shall furnish the Trustee with an Officers’ Certificate evidencing compliance with such restriction. 

SECTION 1103. Selection by Trustee of Securities to Be Redeemed. 

If less than all the Securities of any series are to be redeemed (unless all the Securities of such series and of a specified tenor are to be
redeemed or unless such redemption affects only a single Security), the particular Securities to be redeemed shall be selected by the Trustee, from the Outstanding Securities of such series not previously called for redemption, (i) in
compliance with the requirements of the principal national securities exchange on which such Securities are listed, if such Securities are listed on any national securities exchange, and (ii) if such Securities are not so listed, on a pro rata
basis, by lot or by such other method as the Trustee shall deem fair and appropriate and which may provide for the selection for redemption of a portion of the principal amount of any Security of such series, provided that the unredeemed portion of
the principal amount of any Security shall be in an authorized denomination (which shall not be less than the minimum authorized denomination) for such Security. If less than all the Securities of such series and of a specified tenor are to be
redeemed (unless such redemption affects only a single Security), the particular Securities to be redeemed shall be selected by the Trustee, from the Outstanding Securities of such series and specified tenor not previously called for redemption in
accordance with the preceding sentence. 
 The Trustee shall promptly notify the Company in writing of the Securities selected for
redemption as aforesaid and, in case of any Securities selected for partial redemption as aforesaid, the principal amount thereof to be redeemed. 

The provisions of the two preceding paragraphs shall not apply with respect to any redemption affecting only a single Security, whether such
Security is to be redeemed in whole or in part. In the case of any such redemption in part, the unredeemed portion of the principal amount of the Security shall be in an authorized denomination (which shall not be less than the minimum authorized
denomination) for such Security. 
 For all purposes of this Indenture, unless the context otherwise requires, all provisions relating to
the redemption of Securities shall relate, in the case of any Securities redeemed or to be redeemed only in part, to the portion of the principal amount of such Securities which has been or is to be redeemed. If any Security selected for partial
redemption is surrendered for conversion after such selection, the converted portion of such Security shall be deemed (so far as may be) to be the portion selected for redemption. Upon any redemption of less than all the Securities of a series, for
purposes of selection for redemption the Company and the Trustee may treat as Outstanding Securities surrendered for conversion during the period of 15 days next preceding the mailing of a notice of redemption, and need not treat as Outstanding
any Security authenticated and delivered during such period in exchange for the unconverted portion of any Security converted in part during such period. 

SECTION 1104. Notice of Redemption. 

Notice of redemption shall be given by first-class mail, postage prepaid, mailed not less than 30 nor more than 60 days
prior to the Redemption Date, to each Holder of Securities to be redeemed, at his address appearing in the Security Register; provided, however, notice of redemption may be given more than 60 days prior to the Redemption Date if the notice is
issued in connection with a satisfaction and discharge pursuant to Article Four. All notices of redemption shall state: 

(1) the Redemption Date, 

(2) the Redemption Price, if then determinable and otherwise the method of its determination, 

  
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 (3) if less than all the Outstanding Securities of any series consisting of more
than a single Security are to be redeemed, the identification (and, in the case of partial redemption of any such Securities, the principal amounts) of the particular Securities to be redeemed and, if less than all the Outstanding Securities of any
series consisting of a single Security are to be redeemed, the principal amount of the particular Security to be redeemed, 

(4) that on the Redemption Date the Redemption Price will become due and payable upon each such Security to be redeemed and, if
applicable, that interest thereon will cease to accrue on and after said date, 
 (5) the place or places where each such
Security is to be surrendered for payment of the Redemption Price, 
 (6) that the redemption is for a sinking fund, if such
is the case, and 
 (7) if applicable, the conversion price then in effect and the date on which the right to convert such
Securities will expire. 
 Notice of redemption of Securities to be redeemed at the election of the Company shall be given by the Company
or, at the Company’s request, by the Trustee in the name and at the expense of the Company and shall be irrevocable. If any Security called for redemption is converted pursuant hereto, any money deposited with the Trustee or any Paying Agent or
so segregated and held in trust for the redemption of such Security shall be paid to the Company upon delivery of a Company Request to the Trustee or such Paying Agent, or, if then held by the Company, shall be discharged from such trust. 

SECTION 1105. Deposit of Redemption Price. 

Prior to 11:00 A.M., New York City time, on any Redemption Date, the Company shall deposit with the Trustee or with a Paying Agent (or, if
the Company is acting as its own Paying Agent, segregate and hold in trust as provided in Section 1003) an amount of money sufficient to pay the Redemption Price of, and (except if the Redemption Date shall be an Interest Payment Date) accrued
interest on, all the Securities which are to be redeemed on that date. 
 SECTION 1106. Securities Payable on Redemption Date. 

Notice of redemption having been given as aforesaid, the Securities so to be redeemed shall, on the Redemption Date, become due and payable at
the Redemption Price therein specified, and from and after such date (unless the Company shall default in the payment of the Redemption Price and accrued interest) such Securities shall cease to bear interest. Upon surrender of any such Security for
redemption in accordance with said notice, such Security shall be paid by the Company at the Redemption Price, together with accrued interest to the Redemption Date; provided, however, that, unless otherwise specified as contemplated by
Section 301, installments of interest whose Stated Maturity is on or prior to the Redemption Date will be payable to the Holders of such Securities, or one or more Predecessor Securities, registered as such at the close of business on the
relevant Record Dates according to their terms and the provisions of Section 307. 
 If any Security called for redemption shall not be
so paid upon surrender thereof for redemption, the principal and any premium shall, until paid, bear interest from the Redemption Date at the rate prescribed therefor in the Security. 

SECTION 1107. Securities Redeemed in Part. 

Any Security which is to be redeemed only in part shall be surrendered at a Place of Payment therefor (with, if the Company or the Trustee so
requires, due endorsement by, or a written instrument of transfer in form satisfactory to the Company and the Trustee duly executed by, the Holder thereof or his attorney duly authorized in writing), and the Company shall execute, and the Trustee
shall authenticate and deliver to the Holder of such 

  
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Security without service charge, a new Security or Securities of the same series and of like tenor, of any authorized denomination as requested by such Holder, in aggregate principal amount equal
to and in exchange for the unredeemed portion of the principal of the Security so surrendered. 
 ARTICLE TWELVE 

SUBORDINATION OF SECURITIES 
 SECTION 1201.
Applicability of Article. 
 Unless otherwise provided with respect to the Securities of any series in or pursuant to the Board
Resolution or supplemental indenture establishing such series of Securities pursuant to Section 301, the provisions of this Article shall be applicable to each series of Securities. 

SECTION 1202. Securities Subordinate to Senior Debt. 

The Company covenants and agrees, and each Holder of a Security, by his acceptance thereof, likewise covenants and agrees, that, to the extent
and in the manner hereinafter set forth in this Article (subject to the provisions of Article Four and Article Fifteen), the payment of the principal of (and premium, if any) and interest on each and all of the Securities of such series is
hereby expressly made subordinate and subject in right of payment to the prior payment in full of all Senior Debt of the Company. 
 No
provisions of this Article Twelve shall prevent the occurrence of any Event of Default. 
 SECTION 1203. Payment Over of Proceeds Upon
Dissolution, Etc. 
 In the event of (a) any insolvency or bankruptcy case or proceeding, or any receivership, liquidation,
reorganization or other similar case or proceeding in connection therewith, relative to the Company or to its creditors, as such, or to its assets, or (b) any liquidation, dissolution or other winding up of the Company, whether voluntary or
involuntary and whether or not involving insolvency or bankruptcy, or (c) any assignment for the benefit of creditors or any other marshalling of assets and liabilities of the Company, then and in any such event specified in (a), (b) or
(c) above (each such event, if any, herein sometimes referred to as a “Proceeding”) the holders of Senior Debt of the Company shall be entitled to receive payment in full of all amounts due or to become due on or in respect of
all Senior Debt of the Company, or provision shall be made for such payment in cash or cash equivalents or otherwise in a manner satisfactory to the holders of Senior Debt of the Company, before the Holders of the Securities are entitled to receive
any payment or distribution of any kind or character, whether in cash, property or securities (including any payment or distribution which may be payable or deliverable by reason of the payment of any other indebtedness of the Company subordinated
to the payment of the Securities, such payment or distribution being hereinafter referred to as a “Junior Subordinated Payment”), on account of principal of (or premium, if any) or interest on the Securities or on account of any
purchase or other acquisition of Securities by the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company (all such payments, distributions, purchases and acquisitions, other than the payment or distribution of stock or securities of the Company referred to in
the second succeeding paragraph, herein referred to, individually and collectively, as a “Securities Payment”), and to that end the holders of Senior Debt of the Company shall be entitled to receive, for application to the payment
thereof, any Securities Payment which may be payable or deliverable in respect of the Securities in any such Proceeding. 
 In the event
that, notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section, the Trustee or the Holder of any Security shall have received any Securities Payment before all Senior Debt of the Company is paid in full or payment thereof provided for in cash or
cash equivalents or otherwise in a manner satisfactory to the holders of Senior Debt of the Company, and if such fact shall, at or prior to the time of such Securities Payment, have been made known to the Trustee or, as the case may be, such Holder,
then and in such event such Securities Payment shall be paid over or delivered forthwith to the trustee in bankruptcy, receiver, liquidating trustee, custodian, assignee, agent or other Person making payment or distribution of assets of the Company
for application to the payment of all Senior Debt of the Company remaining unpaid, to the extent necessary to pay all Senior Debt of the Company in full, after giving effect to any concurrent payment or distribution to or for the holders of Senior
Debt of the Company. 

  
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 For purposes of this Article only, the words “any payment or distribution of any kind or
character, whether in cash, property or securities” shall not be deemed to include a payment or distribution of stock or securities of the Company provided for by a plan of reorganization or readjustment authorized by an order or decree of a
court of competent jurisdiction in a reorganization proceeding under any applicable bankruptcy law or of any other corporation provided for by such plan of reorganization or readjustment which stock or securities are subordinated in right of payment
to all then outstanding Senior Debt of the Company to substantially the same extent as the Securities are so subordinated as provided in this Article. The consolidation of the Company with, or the merger of the Company into, another Person or the
liquidation or dissolution of the Company following the conveyance or other disposition of all or substantially all of its assets to another Person upon the terms and conditions set forth in Article Eight shall not be deemed a Proceeding for
the purposes of this Section if the Person formed by such consolidation or into which the Company is merged or the Person which acquires by conveyance or other disposition such assets, as the case may be, shall, as a part of such consolidation,
merger, conveyance or transfer, comply with the conditions set forth in Article Eight. 
 SECTION 1204. No Payment When Senior Debt of the
Company in Default. 
 In the event that any Senior Payment Default (as defined below) shall have occurred and be continuing, then no
Securities Payment shall be made unless and until such Senior Payment Default shall have been cured or waived or shall have ceased to exist or all amounts then due and payable in respect of Senior Debt of the Company shall have been paid in full, or
provision shall have been made for such payment in cash or cash equivalents or otherwise in a manner satisfactory to the holders of Senior Debt of the Company; provided, however, that nothing in this Section shall prevent the satisfaction of any
sinking fund payment in accordance with Article Sixteen by delivering and crediting pursuant to Section 1602 Securities which have been acquired (upon redemption or otherwise) prior to such Senior Payment Default. 

“Senior Payment Default” means any default in the payment of principal of (or premium, if any) or interest on any Senior Debt
of the Company when due, whether at the Stated Maturity of any such payment or by declaration of acceleration, call for redemption or otherwise. 

In the event that any Senior Nonmonetary Default (as defined below) shall have occurred and be continuing, then, upon the receipt by the
Company and the Trustee of written notice of such Senior Nonmonetary Default from the agent for the Designated Senior Debt which is the subject of such Senior Nonmonetary Default, no Securities Payment shall be made during the period (the
“Payment Blockage Period”) commencing on the date of such receipt of such written notice and ending on the earlier of (i) the date on which such Senior Nonmonetary Default shall have been cured or waived or shall have ceased to
exist or all Designated Senior Debt the subject of such Senior Nonmonetary Default shall have been discharged; (ii) the 179th day after the date of such receipt of such written notice; or (iii) the date on which the Payment Blockage Period
shall have been terminated by written notice to the Company or the Trustee from the agent for the Designated Senior Debt initiating the Payment Blockage Period; provided, however, that nothing in this Section shall prevent the satisfaction of any
sinking fund payment in accordance with Article Sixteen by delivering and crediting pursuant to Section 1602 Securities which have been acquired (upon redemption or otherwise) prior to the date of such receipt of such written notice. No more
than one Payment Blockage Period may be commenced with respect to the Securities of a particular series during any 360-day period and there shall be a period of at least 181 consecutive days in each 360-day period when no Payment Blockage Period is
in effect. For all purposes of this paragraph, no Senior Nonmonetary Default that existed or was continuing on the date of commencement of any Payment Blockage Period shall be, or be made, the basis for the commencement of a subsequent Payment
Blockage Period, whether or not within a period of 360 consecutive days, unless such Senior Nonmonetary Default shall have been cured for a period of not less than 90 consecutive days. 

“Senior Nonmonetary Default” means the occurrence or existence and continuance of any event of default with respect to any
Designated Senior Debt, other than a Senior Payment Default, permitting the holders of such Designated Senior Debt (or a trustee or agent on behalf of the holders thereof) to declare such Designated Senior Debt due and payable prior to the date on
which it would otherwise become due and payable. 

  
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 In the event that, notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company shall make any Securities Payment
to the Trustee or any Holder prohibited by the foregoing provisions of this Section, and if such fact shall, at or prior to the time of such Securities Payment, have been made known to the Trustee or, as the case may be, such Holder, then and in
such event such Securities Payment shall be paid over and delivered forthwith to the Company. 
 The provisions of this Section shall not
apply to any Securities Payment with respect to which Section 1203 would be applicable. 
 SECTION 1205. Payment Permitted If No Default.

 Nothing contained in this Article or elsewhere in this Indenture or in any of the Securities shall prevent (a) the Company, at any
time except during the pendency of any Proceeding referred to in Section 1203 or under the conditions described in Section 1204, from making Securities Payments, or (b) the application by the Trustee of any money deposited with it
hereunder to Securities Payments or the retention of such Securities Payment by the Holders, if, at the time of such application by the Trustee, it did not have knowledge that such Securities Payment would have been prohibited by the provisions of
this Article. 
 SECTION 1206. Subrogation to Rights of Holders of Senior Debt of the Company. 

Subject to the payment in full of all amounts due or to become due on or in respect of Senior Debt of the Company, or the provision for such
payment in cash or cash equivalents or otherwise in a manner satisfactory to the holders of Senior Debt of the Company, the Holders of the Securities shall be subrogated to the rights of the holders of such Senior Debt of the Company to receive
payments and distributions of cash, property and securities applicable to the Senior Debt of the Company until the principal of (and premium, if any) and interest on the Securities shall be paid in full. For purposes of such subrogation, no payments
or distributions to the holders of the Senior Debt of the Company of any cash, property or securities to which the Holders of the Securities or the Trustee would be entitled except for the provisions of this Article, and no payments over pursuant to
the provisions of this Article to the holders of Senior Debt of the Company by Holders of the Securities or the Trustee, shall, as among the Company, its creditors other than holders of Senior Debt of the Company and the Holders of the Securities,
be deemed to be a payment or distribution by the Company to or on account of the Senior Debt of the Company. 
 SECTION 1207. Provisions Solely to
Define Relative Rights. 
 The provisions of this Article are and are intended solely for the purpose of defining the relative rights
of the Holders on the one hand and the holders of Senior Debt of the Company on the other hand. Nothing contained in this Article or elsewhere in this Indenture or in the Securities is intended to or shall (a) impair, as among the Company, its
creditors other than holders of Senior Debt of the Company and the Holders of the Securities, the obligation of the Company, which is absolute and unconditional (and which, subject to the rights under this Article of the holders of Senior Debt of
the Company, is intended to rank equally with all other general obligations of the Company), to pay to the Holders of the Securities the principal of (and premium, if any) and interest on the Securities as and when the same shall become due and
payable in accordance with their terms; or (b) affect the relative rights against the Company of the Holders of the Securities and creditors of the Company other than the holders of Senior Debt of the Company; or (c) prevent the Trustee or
the Holder of any Security from exercising all remedies otherwise permitted by applicable law upon default under this Indenture, subject to the rights, if any, under this Article of the holders of Senior Debt of the Company to receive cash, property
and securities otherwise payable or deliverable to the Trustee or such Holder. 
 SECTION 1208. Trustee to Effectuate Subordination. 

Each Holder of a Security by his acceptance thereof authorizes and directs the Trustee on his behalf to take such action as may be necessary or
appropriate to effectuate the subordination provided in this Article and appoints the Trustee his attorney-in-fact for any and all such purposes. 

  
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 SECTION 1209. No Waiver of Subordination Provisions. 

No right of any present or future holder of any Senior Debt of the Company to enforce subordination as herein provided shall at any time in any
way be prejudiced or impaired by any act or failure to act on the part of the Company or by any act or failure to act, in good faith, by any such holder, or by any noncompliance by the Company with the terms, provisions and covenants of this
Indenture, regardless of any knowledge thereof any such holder may have or be otherwise charged with. 
 Without in any way limiting the
generality of the foregoing paragraph, the holders of Senior Debt of the Company may, at any time and from time to time, without the consent of or notice to the Trustee or the Holders of the Securities, without incurring responsibility to the
Holders of the Securities and without impairing or releasing the subordination provided in this Article or the obligations hereunder of the Holders of the Securities to the holders of Senior Debt of the Company, do any one or more of the following:
(i) change the manner, place or terms of payment or extend the time of payment of, or renew or alter, Senior Debt of the Company, or otherwise amend or supplement in any manner Senior Debt of the Company or any instrument evidencing the same or
any agreement under which Senior Debt of the Company is outstanding; (ii) sell, exchange, release or otherwise deal with any property pledged, mortgaged or otherwise securing Senior Debt of the Company; (iii) release any Person liable in
any manner for the collection of Senior Debt of the Company; and (iv) exercise or refrain from exercising any rights against the Company and any other Person. 

SECTION 1210. Notice to Trustee. 

The Company shall give prompt written notice to the Trustee of any fact known to the Company which would prohibit the making of any payment to
or by the Trustee in respect of the Securities. Notwithstanding the provisions of this Article or any other provision of this Indenture, the Trustee shall not be charged with knowledge of the existence of any facts which would prohibit the making of
any payment to or by the Trustee in respect of the Securities, unless and until the Trustee shall have received written notice thereof from the Company or a holder of Senior Debt of the Company or from any trustee therefor; and, prior to the receipt
of any such written notice, the Trustee, subject to the provisions of Section 601, shall be entitled in all respects to assume that no such facts exist; provided, however, that if the Trustee shall not have received the notice provided for in
this Section at least three Business Days prior to the date upon which by the terms hereof any money may become payable for any purpose (including, without limitation, the payment of the principal of (and premium, if any) or interest on any
Security), then, anything herein contained to the contrary notwithstanding, the Trustee shall have full power and authority to receive such money and to apply the same to the purpose for which such money was received and shall not be affected by any
notice to the contrary which may be received by it within three Business Days prior to such date. 
 Subject to the provisions of
Section 601, the Trustee shall be entitled to rely on the delivery to it of a written notice by a Person representing himself to be a holder of Senior Debt of the Company (or a trustee therefor) to establish that such notice has been given by a
holder of Senior Debt of the Company (or a trustee therefor). In the event that the Trustee determines in good faith that further evidence is required with respect to the right of any Person as a holder of Senior Debt of the Company to participate
in any payment or distribution pursuant to this Article, the Trustee may request such Person to furnish evidence to the reasonable satisfaction of the Trustee as to the amount of Senior Debt of the Company held by such Person, the extent to which
such Person is entitled to participate in such payment or distribution and any other facts pertinent to the rights of such Person under this Article, and if such evidence is not furnished, the Trustee may defer any payment to such Person pending
judicial determination as to the right of such Person to receive such payment. 
 SECTION 1211. Reliance on Judicial Order or Certificate of
Liquidating Agent. 
 Upon any payment or distribution of assets of the Company referred to in this Article, the Trustee,
subject to the provisions of Section 601, and the Holders of the Securities shall be entitled to rely upon any order or decree entered by any court of competent jurisdiction in which such Proceeding is pending, or a certificate of the trustee
in bankruptcy, receiver, liquidating trustee, custodian, assignee for the benefit of creditors, agent or other Person making such payment or distribution, delivered to the Trustee or to the Holders of Securities, for the purpose of ascertaining the
Persons entitled to participate in such payment or distribution, the holders of the Senior Debt of the Company and other indebtedness of the Company, the amount thereof or payable thereon, the amount or amounts paid or distributed thereon and all
other facts pertinent thereto or to this Article. 

  
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 SECTION 1212. Trustee Not Fiduciary for Holders of Senior Debt of the Company. 

The Trustee shall not be deemed to owe any fiduciary duty to the holders of Senior Debt of the Company and shall not be liable to any such
holders if it shall in good faith mistakenly pay over or distribute to Holders of Securities or to the Company or to any other Person cash, property or securities to which any holders of Senior Debt of the Company shall be entitled by virtue of this
Article or otherwise. 
 SECTION 1213. Rights of Trustee as Holder of Senior Debt of the Company; Preservation of Trustee’s Rights. 

The Trustee in its individual capacity shall be entitled to all the rights set forth in this Article with respect to any Senior Debt of the
Company which may at any time be held by it, to the same extent as any other holder of Senior Debt of the Company, and nothing in this Indenture shall deprive the Trustee of any of its rights as such holder. 

Nothing in this Article shall apply to claims of, or payments to, the Trustee under or pursuant to Section 607. 

SECTION 1214. Article Applicable to Paying Agents. 

In case at any time any Paying Agent other than the Trustee shall have been appointed by the Company and be then acting hereunder, the term
“Trustee” as used in this Article shall in such case (unless the context otherwise requires) be construed as extending to and including such Paying Agent within its meaning as fully for all intents and purposes as if such Paying Agent were
named in this Article in addition to or in place of the Trustee; provided, however, that Section 1213 shall not apply to the Company or any Affiliate of the Company if it or such Affiliate acts as Paying Agent. 

SECTION 1215. Defeasance of this Article Twelve. 

The subordination of the Securities of a series provided by this Article Twelve is expressly made subject to the provisions for Defeasance
or Covenant Defeasance in Article Fifteen hereof and, anything herein to the contrary notwithstanding, upon the effectiveness of any such Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance, the Securities of such series then outstanding shall thereupon cease to
be subordinated pursuant to this Article Twelve. 
 ARTICLE THIRTEEN 

[INTENTIONALLY OMITTED] 

ARTICLE FOURTEEN 

[INTENTIONALLY OMITTED] 

ARTICLE FIFTEEN 

DEFEASANCE AND COVENANT DEFEASANCE 

SECTION 1501. Company’s Option to Effect Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance. 

The Company may elect, at its option at any time, to have Section 1502 or Section 1503 applied to any Securities or any series of
Securities, as the case may be, designated pursuant to Section 301 as being defeasible pursuant to such Section 1502 or 1503, in accordance with any applicable requirements provided pursuant to Section 301 and upon compliance with the
conditions set forth below in this Article. Any such election shall be evidenced in or pursuant to a Board Resolution or in another manner specified as contemplated by Section 301 for such Securities. 

  
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 SECTION 1502. Defeasance and Discharge. 

Upon the Company’s exercise of its option (if any) to have this Section applied to any Securities or any series of Securities, as the case
may be, the Company shall be deemed to have been discharged from its obligations, and the provisions of Articles Twelve shall cease to be effective, with respect to such Securities as provided in this Section on and after the date the conditions set
forth in Section 1504 are satisfied (herein called “Defeasance”). For this purpose, such Defeasance means that the Company shall be deemed to have paid and discharged the entire indebtedness represented by such Securities and
to have satisfied all its other obligations under such Securities and this Indenture insofar as such Securities are concerned (and the Trustee, at the expense of the Company, shall execute proper instruments acknowledging the same), subject to the
following which shall survive until otherwise terminated or discharged hereunder: (1) the rights of Holders of such Securities to receive, solely from the trust fund described in Section 1504 and as more fully set forth in such Section,
payments in respect of the principal of and any premium and interest on such Securities when payments are due, or, if applicable, to convert such Securities in accordance with their terms, (2) the Company’s obligations with respect to such
Securities under Sections 304, 305, 306, 1002 and 1003, and, if applicable, their obligations with respect to the conversion of such Securities, (3) the rights, powers, trusts, duties and immunities of the Trustee hereunder and
(4) this Article. Subject to compliance with this Article, the Company may exercise its option (if any) to have this Section applied to any Securities notwithstanding the prior exercise of its option (if any) to have Section 1503 applied
to such Securities. 
 SECTION 1503. Covenant Defeasance. 

Upon the Company’s exercise of its option (if any) to have this Section applied to any Securities or any series of Securities, as the case
may be, (1) the Company shall be released from its obligations under Section 801(3), Sections 1005 through 1008, inclusive, and any covenants provided pursuant to Section 301(21), 901(2) or 901(7) for the benefit of the Holders
of such Securities, and (2) the occurrence of any event specified in Sections 501(5) (with respect to any of Section 801(3), Sections 1005 through 1008, inclusive, and any such covenants provided pursuant to Section 301(21),
901(2) or 901(7)), 501(6)), and 501(9) shall be deemed not to be or result in an Event of Default and (3) the provisions of Articles Twelve shall cease to be effective, in each case with respect to such Securities as provided in this Section on
and after the date the conditions set forth in Section 1504 are satisfied (herein called “Covenant Defeasance”). For this purpose, such Covenant Defeasance means that, with respect to such Securities, the Company may omit to
comply with and shall have no liability in respect of any term, condition or limitation set forth in any such specified Section (to the extent so specified in the case of Section 501(5)) or Article Twelve whether directly or indirectly by
reason of any reference elsewhere herein to any such Section or Article or by reason of any reference in any such Section or Article to any other provision herein or in any other document, but the remainder of this Indenture and such Securities
shall be unaffected thereby. 
 SECTION 1504. Conditions to Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance. 

The following shall be the conditions to the application of Section 1502 or Section 1503 to any Securities or any series of
Securities, as the case may be: 
 (1) The Company shall irrevocably have deposited or caused to be deposited with the
Trustee (or another trustee which satisfies the requirements contemplated by Section 609 and agrees to comply with the provisions of this Article applicable to it) as trust funds in trust for the purpose of making the following payments,
specifically pledged as security for, and dedicated solely to, the benefits of the Holders of such Securities, (A) money in an amount, or (B) U.S. Government Obligations which through the scheduled payment of principal and interest in
respect thereof in accordance with their terms will provide, not later than one day before the due date of any payment, money in an amount, or (C) a combination thereof, in each case sufficient, in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of
independent public accountants expressed in a written certification thereof delivered to the Trustee, to pay and discharge, and which shall be applied by the Trustee (or any such other qualifying trustee) to pay and discharge, the principal of and
any premium and interest on such Securities on the respective Stated Maturities, in accordance with the terms of this Indenture and such Securities. As used herein, “U.S. Government Obligation” means (x) any security which is
(i) a direct obligation of the United States of America for the payment of which the full faith and credit of the United States of America is pledged or (ii) an obligation of a Person controlled or supervised by and acting as an agency or
instrumentality of the United States of America the payment of 

  
 49 








 
which is unconditionally guaranteed as a full faith and credit obligation by the United States of America, which, in either case (i) or (ii), is not callable or redeemable at the option of
the issuer thereof, and (y) any depositary receipt issued by a bank (as defined in Section 3(a)(2) of the Securities Act) as custodian with respect to any U.S. Government Obligation which is specified in clause (x) above and held by
such bank for the account of the holder of such depositary receipt, or with respect to any specific payment of principal of or interest on any U.S. Government Obligation which is so specified and held, provided that (except as required by law) such
custodian is not authorized to make any deduction from the amount payable to the holder of such depositary receipt from any amount received by the custodian in respect of the U.S. Government Obligation or the specific payment of principal or
interest evidenced by such depositary receipt. 
 (2) In the event of an election to have Section 1502 apply to any
Securities or any series of Securities, as the case may be, the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel stating that (A) the Company has received from, or there has been published by, the Internal Revenue Service a
ruling or (B) since the date of this instrument, there has been a change in the applicable Federal income tax law, in either case (A) or (B) to the effect that, and based thereon such opinion shall confirm that, the Holders of such
Securities will not recognize gain or loss for Federal income tax purposes as a result of the deposit, Defeasance and discharge to be effected with respect to such Securities and will be subject to Federal income tax on the same amount, in the same
manner and at the same times as would be the case if such deposit and Defeasance were not to occur. 
 (3) In the event of an
election to have Section 1503 apply to any Securities or any series of Securities, as the case may be, the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel to the effect that the Holders of such Securities will not recognize
gain or loss for Federal income tax purposes as a result of the deposit and Covenant Defeasance to be effected with respect to such Securities and will be subject to Federal income tax on the same amount, in the same manner and at the same times as
would be the case if such deposit and Covenant Defeasance were not to occur. 
 (4) The Company shall have delivered to the
Trustee an Officers’ Certificate to the effect that neither such Securities nor any other Securities of the same series, if then listed on any securities exchange, will be delisted as a result of such deposit. 

(5) No event which is, or after notice or lapse of time or both would become, an Event of Default with respect to such
Securities shall have occurred and be continuing at the time of such deposit or, with regard to any such event specified in Section 501(7), at any time on or prior to the 121st day after the date of such deposit (it being understood that this
condition shall not be deemed satisfied until after such 121st day). 
 (6) Such Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance shall not
cause the Trustee to have a conflicting interest within the meaning of the Trust Indenture Act (assuming all Securities are in default within the meaning of such Act). 

(7) Such Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance shall not result in a breach or violation of, or constitute a default under, any
other agreement or instrument to which the Company or any Subsidiary is a party or by which it is bound. 
 (8) At the time
of such deposit, (A) no default in the payment of any principal of or premium or interest on any Senior Debt of the Company shall have occurred and be continuing, (B) no event of default with respect to any Senior Debt of the Company shall
have resulted in such Senior Debt becoming, and continuing to be, due and payable prior to the date on which it would otherwise have become due and payable (unless payment of such Senior Debt has been made or duly provided for), and (C) no
other event of default with respect to any Senior Debt of the Company shall have occurred and be continuing permitting (after notice or lapse of time or both) the holders of such Senior Debt (or a trustee on behalf of such holders) to declare such
Senior Debt due and payable prior to the date on which it would otherwise have become due and payable. 

  
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 (9) The Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel to the
effect that such deposit shall not cause either the Trustee or the trust so created to be subject to the Investment Company Act of 1940. 

(10) The Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that
all conditions precedent with respect to such Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance have been complied with. 
 SECTION 1505. Deposited Money and U.S.
Government Obligations to Be Held in Trust; Miscellaneous Provisions. 
 Subject to the provisions of the last paragraph of
Section 1003, all money and U.S. Government Obligations (including the proceeds thereof) deposited with the Trustee or other qualifying trustee (solely for purposes of this Section and Section 1506, the Trustee and any such other trustee
are referred to collectively as the “Trustee”) pursuant to Section 1504 in respect of any Securities shall be held in trust and applied by the Trustee, in accordance with the provisions of such Securities and this Indenture, to
the payment, either directly or through any such Paying Agent (including the Company acting as its own Paying Agent) as the Trustee may determine, to the Holders of such Securities, of all sums due and to become due thereon in respect of principal
and any premium and interest, but money so held in trust need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent required by law. Money and U.S. Government Obligations so held in trust shall not be subject to the provisions of
Article Twelve or Article Fourteen. 
 The Company shall pay and indemnify the Trustee against any tax, fee or other charge
imposed on or assessed against the U.S. Government Obligations deposited pursuant to Section 1504 or the principal and interest received in respect thereof other than any such tax, fee or other charge which by law is for the account of the
Holders of Outstanding Securities. 
 Anything in this Article to the contrary notwithstanding, the Trustee shall deliver or pay to the
Company from time to time upon Company Request any money or U.S. Government Obligations held by it as provided in Section 1504 with respect to any Securities which, in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent public
accountants expressed in a written certification thereof delivered to the Trustee, are in excess of the amount thereof which would then be required to be deposited to effect the Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance, as the case may be, with respect to
such Securities. 
 SECTION 1506. Reinstatement. 

If the Trustee or the Paying Agent is unable to apply any money in accordance with this Article with respect to any Securities by reason of any
order or judgment of any court or governmental authority enjoining, restraining or otherwise prohibiting such application, then the obligations under this Indenture and such Securities from which the Company has been discharged or released pursuant
to Section 1502 or 1503 shall be revived and reinstated as though no deposit had occurred pursuant to this Article with respect to such Securities, until such time as the Trustee or Paying Agent is permitted to apply all money held in trust
pursuant to Section 1505 with respect to such Securities in accordance with this Article; provided, however, that if the Company makes any payment of principal of or any premium or interest on any such Security following such reinstatement of
its obligations, the Company shall be subrogated to the rights (if any) of the Holders of such Securities to receive such payment from the money so held in trust. 

ARTICLE SIXTEEN 
 SINKING
FUNDS 
 SECTION 1601. Applicability of Article. 

The provisions of this Article shall be applicable to any sinking fund for the retirement of Securities of any series except as otherwise
specified as contemplated by Section 301 for such Securities. 

  
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 The minimum amount of any sinking fund payment provided for by the terms of any Securities is
herein referred to as a “mandatory sinking fund payment”, and any payment in excess of such minimum amount provided for by the terms of such Securities is herein referred to as an “optional sinking fund payment.” If provided for
by the terms of any Securities, the cash amount of any sinking fund payment may be subject to reduction as provided in Section 1602. Each sinking fund payment shall be applied to the redemption of Securities as provided for by the terms of such
Securities. 
 SECTION 1602. Satisfaction of Sinking Fund Payments with Securities. 

The Company (1) may deliver Outstanding Securities of a series (other than any previously called for redemption) and (2) may apply as
a credit Securities of a series which have been (x) converted or (y) redeemed either at the election of the Company pursuant to the terms of such Securities or through the application of permitted optional sinking fund payments pursuant to
the terms of such Securities, in each case in satisfaction of all or any part of any sinking fund payment with respect to any Securities of such series required to be made pursuant to the terms of such Securities as and to the extent provided for by
the terms of such Securities; provided, however, that the Securities to be so credited have not been previously so credited. The Securities to be so credited shall be received and credited for such purpose by the Trustee at the Redemption Price, as
specified in the Securities so to be redeemed, for redemption through operation of the sinking fund and the amount of such sinking fund payment shall be reduced accordingly. 

SECTION 1603. Redemption of Securities for Sinking Fund. 

Not less than 35 days prior to each sinking fund payment date for any Securities, the Company will deliver to the Trustee an
Officers’ Certificate specifying the amount of the next ensuing sinking fund payment for such Securities pursuant to the terms of such Securities, the portion thereof, if any, which is to be satisfied by payment of cash and the portion thereof,
if any, which is to be satisfied by delivering and crediting Securities pursuant to Section 1602 and will also deliver to the Trustee any Securities to be so delivered. Not less than 32 days prior to each such sinking fund payment date,
the Trustee shall select the Securities to be redeemed upon such sinking fund payment date in the manner specified in Section 1103 and cause notice of the redemption thereof to be given in the name of and at the expense of the Company in the
manner provided in Section 1104. Such notice having been duly given, the redemption of such Securities shall be made upon the terms and in the manner stated in Sections 1106 and 1107. 

This instrument may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which so executed shall be deemed to be an original, but all such
counterparts shall together constitute but one and the same instrument. 
 [Signature Page Follows] 

  
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 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Indenture to be duly executed, all as of
the day and year first above written. 
  

	
	ISSUER:
	
	ESCALERA RESOURCES CO.
	
	By:
	Name:
	Title:
	
	TRUSTEE:
	
	[TRUSTEE’S NAME],
	  as Trustee
	
	By:
	Name:
	Title:


 [Signature Page of Subordinated Indenture] 

  
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