# Patent

## Title
Vegetable substitute for lanolin

## Abstract

Lanolin-free lanolin substitute compositions comprising: A) from about 50 to about 95% by weight, of at least one plant sterol fatty acid ester; B) from about 1 to about 10% by weight, of at least one polyglyceryl di-polyhydroxy fatty acid ester; C) from about 1 to about 10% by weight, of at least one polyglyceryl di-fatty acid ester; and D) from about 0.25 to about 2% by weight of at least one glyceryl fatty acid ester.

## Background
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
This application claims the benefit of copending provisional application Ser. No. 60/373,973 on Apr. 19, 2002.


FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to a vegetable substitute for lanolin.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Lanolin is a product obtained by the purification of degras. Degras is a crude grease obtained by the solvent treatment of wool.
Lanolin is a yellowish to gray semisolid containing 25 to 30% water in its hydrous form, and a brownish-yellow semisolid in its anhydrous form. Lanolin contains cholesterol esters of higher fatty acids.
Lanolin is used as a component of pharmaceuticals, leather finishing compositions, soaps and detergents, face creams, facial tissues, hair-set compositions, suntan preparations, and the like.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to lanolin substitute compositions derived from vegetable materials, which are lanolin-free. The lanolin substitute compositions of the invention comprise the following components:

    
    
        A) from 50 to 95% by weight, preferably from 85 to 95% by weight, of a plant sterol fatty acid ester, preferably soya sterol fatty acid esters;
        B) from 1 to 10% by weight, preferably from 3 to 5% by weight, of a polyglyceryl di-polyhydroxy fatty acid ester, preferably di-polyhydroxy stearate;
        C) from 1 to 10% by weight, preferably from 3 to 5% by weight, of a polyglyceryl di-fatty acid ester, preferably diisostearate; and
        D) from 0.25 to 2% by weight, preferably from 0.8 to 1.2% by weight of a glyceryl fatty acid ester, preferably oleate.
    
    


In addition to the above components, the compositions can optionally contain other compatible components including one or more of the following components:

    
    
        E) microcrystalline wax;
        F) polyethyleneglycol plant sterol, preferably PEG-5 soya sterol; and
        G) petrolatum/mineral oil
    
    




DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Other than in the operating examples, or where otherwise indicated, all numbers expressing quantities of ingredients or reaction conditions used herein are to be understood as modified in all instances by the term “about”.
When the lanolin substitute compositions of the invention contain one or more of the above named optional components, the optional components can be present in the following quantities, based on the combined weight of components A) through D) represented as 100% by weight:

    
    
        E) microcrystalline wax—from 0 to 40% by weight, preferably from 1 to 40% by weight, and more preferably from 30 to 35% by weight.
        F) polyethyleneglycol plant sterol—from 0 to 60% by weight, preferably from 1 to 60% by weight, and more preferably from 45 to 50% by weight.
        G) petrolatum/mineral oil—from 0 to 300% by weight, preferably from 1 to 300% by weight, and more preferably from 250 to 300% by weight.
    
    


The percentages of components A) through D) as well as optional components E) through F) can vary according to the performance characteristics desired in the finished product, such as water absorption, iodine value, melting point, and the like.
Component A) can be any plant sterol fatty acid ester in which the fatty acid moiety is derived from a saturated or olefinically unsaturated, straight or branched chain fatty acid containing from 6 to 22 carbon atoms, preferably from 16 to 18 carbon atoms. The preferred sterol is soya sterol, which is a mixture of stigmasterol and sitosterols (dihydrostigmaterols).
Component B) can be any polyglyceryl di-polyhydroxy fatty acid ester in which the fatty acid moieties are independently derived from a polyhydroxy saturated or olefinically unsaturated, straight or branched chain fatty acid containing from 6 to 22 carbon atoms, preferably from 16 to 18 carbon atoms, and most preferably 18 carbon atoms. The polyglyceryl moiety can contain from 2 to 12 glyceryl groups, preferably 2 groups. Each polyhydroxy fatty acid moiety can contain from 2 to 8 hydroxy groups. Preferred compounds are those in which each fatty acid moiety is identical.
Component C) can be any polyglyceryl di-fatty acid ester in which each fatty acid moiety is independently derived from a saturated or unsaturated, straight or branched chain fatty acid containing from 6 to 22 carbon atoms, preferably from 16 to 18 carbon atoms, and most preferably 18 carbon atoms. Preferred compounds are those in which each fatty acid moiety is identical. The polyglyceryl moiety can contain from 2 to 12 glyceryl groups, preferably 3 groups.
Component D) can be any glyceryl fatty acid mono-, di-, or tri-ester in which the fatty acid moiety is independently derived from a saturated or olefinically unsaturated, straight or branched chain fatty acid containing from 6 to 22 carbon atoms, preferably from 16 to 18 carbon atoms, and is most preferably derived from oleic acid.
Component E) is microcrystalline wax which is a wax that is usually composed of branched chain paraffins, characterized by a crystalline structure much smaller than that of normal wax.
Component F) is a polyethyleneglycol plant sterol containing from 2 to 10, and preferably 5 ethyleneglycol groups. The plant sterol is preferably soya sterol.
Component G) is a mixture of from 10 to 70% by weight of petrolatum, a petroleum jelly, and from 30 to 90% by weight of white mineral oil, which is a mixture of liquid hydrocarbons.
The compositions of the invention can be prepared by mixing the components together at a temperature of from 50 to 100° C., preferably from 70 to 75° C.
It has also been discovered that compositions comprising polyol esters and petrolatum can be employed as lanolin substitutes. Such compositions contain from 5 to 20% by weight of polyol ester, preferably from 8 to 10% based on the weight of petrolatum.
The above lanolin substitutes can consist of just the above components, or can contain one or more additional components that are compatible therewith, such as one or more of components A) through F) set forth above, in quantities that do not change the lanolin-like characteristics of the components.
The polyol esters can include one or more of sorbitan fatty acid esters and alkyl glycoside esters.
The sorbitan fatty acid esters are esters of C4–C22, preferably C6–C18, alkyl or alkenyl fatty acids, which can be straight or branched chain. Examples include, but are not limited to, sorbitan monolaurate, sorbitan monooleate, sorbitan monostearate, sorbitan monopalmitate, and sorbitan tristearate.
The alkyl glycoside esters are C2–C20 alkyl or alkenyl carboxylic acid esters of a reducing saccharide or polysaccharide in which the saccharide contain 5 or 6 carbon atoms, preferably esters of glucoside or a polyglucoside, which also contain an alkyl or alkenyl radical containing from 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
The alkyl glycoside esters have the formula I:




wherein R1 is a C1–C20 alkyl or alkenyl group, R2 is a C3–C21 alkyl or alkenyl group, preferably derived from vegetable fatty acids, a is an integer of from 1 to 4, preferably from 2 to 4, Z is a saccharide residue containing 5 or 6 carbon atoms, preferably 6 carbon atoms, and b is a number of from 1 to 6.

The preferred compound of formula I is methyl glucoside dioleate.
The compositions of the invention can be used as a much less expensive substitute for lanolin in all products that include lanolin as a component, including but not limited to, pharmaceuticals, leather finishing compositions, soaps, detergents, cosmetic compositions, e.g. face creams, facial tissues, hair-set compositions and suntan preparations.
The invention will be illustrated but not limited by the following examples.
EXAMPLES
Example 1
The following components were mixed together with stirring at a temperature of 70–75° C. until homogeneous:














Component
% by weight



















soya sterol C18 saturated
91.00



fatty acid ester



polyglyceryl-2 poly-
4.00



hydroxy stearate(1)



polyglyceryl-3 diisostearate(2)
4.00



glyceryl oleate(3)
1.00







(1)Sold by Cognis Corp., Care Chemicals, Ambler, PA as DEHYMULS ® PGPH



(2)Sold by Cognis Corp., Care Chemicals, Ambler, PA as LAMEFORM ® TGI



(3)Sold by Cognis Corp., Care Chemicals, Ambler, PA as MONOMULS ® 90-018






The above composition was tested for the presence of wool-grease derived lanolin by the Liebermann-Burkhart test. The test was positive, i.e. this non-lanolin composition is unique in its similarity to animal lanolin.
Example 2
A composition was formulated by mixing together the following components at a temperature of 70–75° C. until homogeneous:














Component
% by weight



















composition of Example 1
22.00



microcrystalline wax(1)
7.00



PEG-5 soya sterol(2)
10.70



petrolatum/mineral oil(3)
60.30







(1)Sold by Cognis Corp., Care Chemicals, Ambler, PA as microcrystalline wax R191365



(2)Sold by Cognis Corp., Care Chemicals, Ambler, PA as GENEROL ® 122E-5 PEG represents polyethyleneglycol



(3)Sold by Cognis Corp., Care Chemicals, Ambler, PA as OP7YTM



The above composition also tested positive for the presence of lanolin by the Liebermann-Burkhart test.

## Claims

1. A lanolin-free lanolin substitute composition comprising the following components:
A) from about 50 to about 95% by weight of at least one plant sterol fatty acid ester;
B) from about 1 to about 10% by weight of at least one polyglyceryl di-polyhydroxy fatty acid ester;
C) from about 1 to about 10% by weight of at least one polyglyceryl di-fatty acid ester; and
D) from about 0.25 to about 2% by weight of at least one glyceryl fatty acid ester.

2. The composition of claim 1 wherein component A) is present in from about 85 to about 95% by weight, components B) and C) are present in from about 3 to about 5% by weight, and component D) is present in from about 0.8 to about 1.2% by weight.

3. The composition of claim 1 wherein component A) is soya sterol fatty acid ester, component B) is polyglyceryl-2 di-polyhydroxystearate, component C) is polyglyceryl-3 diisostearate, and component D) is glyceryl oleate.

4. The composition of claim 2 wherein component A) is soya sterol fatty acid ester, component B) is polyglyceryl-2 di-polyhydroxystearate, component C) is polyglyceryl-3 diisostearate, and component D) is glyceryl oleate.

5. A lanolin-free lanolin substitute composition of claim 1 comprising the following components:
A) about 91% by weight of soya sterol C18 saturated fatty acid ester;
B) about 4% by weight of polyglyceryl-2 polyhydroxystearate;
C) about 4% by weight of polyglyceryl-3 diisostearate; and
D) about 1% by weight of glyceryl oleate.

6. The composition of claim 1 wherein the composition also contains at least one of the following components:
E) microcrystalline wax;
F) a polyethyleneglycol plant sterol; and
G) petrolatum/mineral oil.

7. The composition of claim 6 wherein component E) is present in from 0 to about 40% by weight; component F) is present in from 0 to about 60% by weight; and component G) is present in from 0 to 300% by wherein the above percentages are based on components A) through D) represented as 100% by weight.

8. The composition of claim 6 wherein at least component F) is present and wherein component F) is polyethyleneglycol soya sterol.

9. A lanolin-free substitute composition comprising the following components:
I) about 22% by weight of the composition of claim 1;
II) about 7% by weight of microcrystalline wax;
III) about 11% by weight of PEG-5 soya sterol; and
IV) about 60% by weight of petrolatum/mineral oil.

10. In the formulation of a pharmaceutical, cosmetic composition, soap, detergent, or leather finishing composition in which lanolin is used as a component thereof, the improvement wherein the composition of claim 1 is used in place of lanolin.

11. In the formulation of a pharmaceutical, cosmetic, soap, detergent, or leather finishing composition in which lanolin is used as a component thereof, the improvement wherein the composition of claim 5 is used in place of lanolin.

12. In the formulation of a pharmaceutical, cosmetic, soap, detergent, or leather finishing composition in which lanolin is used as a component thereof, the improvement wherein the composition of claim 6 is used in place of lanolin.

13. In the formulation of a pharmaceutical, cosmetic composition, soap, detergent, or leather finishing composition in which lanolin is used as a component thereof, the improvement wherein the composition of claim 9 is used in place of lanolin.