# Directive 2014/89/EU of the European Parliament and of the CouncilShow full title

Directive 2014/89/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 July 2014 establishing a framework for maritime spatial            planning         

        - Previous
        - Next

U.K.

# Directive 2014/89/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council

# of 23 July 2014

# establishing a framework for maritime spatial planning

THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION,

Having regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, and in particular Articles 43(2), 100(2), 192(1), and                           194(2) thereof,                        

Having regard to the proposal from the European Commission,

After transmission of the draft legislative act to the national parliaments,

Having regard to the opinion of the European Economic and Social Committee(1),                        

Having regard to the opinion of the Committee of the Regions(2),                        

Acting in accordance with the ordinary legislative procedure(3),                        

Whereas:

(1)The high and rapidly increasing demand for maritime space for different purposes, such as installations for the production                              of energy from renewable sources, oil and gas exploration and exploitation, maritime shipping and fishing activities, ecosystem                              and biodiversity conservation, the extraction of raw materials, tourism, aquaculture installations and underwater cultural                              heritage, as well as the multiple pressures on coastal resources, require an integrated planning and management approach.

(2)Such an approach to ocean management and maritime governance has been developed in the Integrated Maritime Policy for the                              European Union (‘IMP’), including, as its environmental pillar, Directive 2008/56/EC of the European Parliament and of the                              Council(4). The objective of the IMP is to support the sustainable development of seas and oceans and to develop coordinated, coherent                              and transparent decision-making in relation to the Union’s sectoral policies affecting the oceans, seas, islands, coastal                              and outermost regions and maritime sectors, including through sea-basin strategies or macro-regional strategies, whilst achieving                              good environmental status as set out in Directive 2008/56/EC.

(3)The IMP identifies maritime spatial planning as a cross-cutting policy tool enabling public authorities and stakeholders to                              apply a coordinated, integrated and trans-boundary approach. The application of an ecosystem-based approach will contribute                              to promoting the sustainable development and growth of the maritime and coastal economies and the sustainable use of marine                              and coastal resources.

(4)Maritime spatial planning supports and facilitates the implementation of the Europe 2020 Strategy for smart, sustainable and                              inclusive growth (‘the Europe 2020 Strategy’), endorsed by the European Council in its conclusions of 17 June 2010, which                              aims to deliver high levels of employment, productivity and social cohesion, including promotion of a more competitive, resource-efficient                              and green economy. The coastal and maritime sectors have significant potential for sustainable growth and are keys to the                              implementation of the Europe 2020 Strategy.

(5)In its communication entitled ‘Blue Growth: opportunities for marine and maritime sustainable growth’, the Commission has                              identified a number of ongoing Union initiatives which are intended to implement the Europe 2020 Strategy, as well as a number                              of activities on which blue growth initiatives could focus in the future and which could be adequately supported by greater                              confidence and certainty for investors provided through maritime spatial planning.

(6)Regulation (EU) No 1255/2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council(5) supported and facilitated the implementation of maritime spatial planning and integrated coastal management. European Structural                              and Investment Funds, including the European Maritime and Fisheries Fund(6), will provide opportunities to support the implementation of this Directive for 2014-2020.

(7)The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea of 1982 (‘Unclos’) states in its preamble that issues relating to the                              use of ocean space are closely interrelated and need to be considered as a whole. Planning of ocean space is the logical advancement                              and structuring of obligations and of the use of rights granted under Unclos and a practical tool in assisting Member States                              to comply with their obligations.

(8)In order to promote the sustainable coexistence of uses and, where applicable, the appropriate apportionment of relevant uses                              in the maritime space, a framework should be put in place that consists at least of the establishment and implementation by                              Member States of maritime spatial planning, resulting in plans.

(9)Maritime spatial planning will contribute to the effective management of marine activities and the sustainable use of marine                              and coastal resources, by creating a framework for consistent, transparent, sustainable and evidence-based decision-making.                              In order to achieve its objectives, this Directive should lay down obligations to establish a maritime planning process, resulting                              in a maritime spatial plan or plans; such a planning process should take into account land-sea interactions and promote cooperation                              among Member States. Without prejudice to the existing Union *acquis* in the areas of energy, transport, fisheries and the environment, this Directive should not impose any other new obligations,                              notably in relation to the concrete choices of the Member States about how to pursue the sectoral policies in those areas,                              but should rather aim to contribute to those policies through the planning process.

(10)In order to ensure consistency and legal clarity, the geographical scope for maritime spatial planning should be defined in                              conformity with existing legislative instruments of the Union and international maritime law, in particular Unclos. The competences                              of Member States relating to maritime boundaries and jurisdiction are not altered by this Directive.

(11)While it is appropriate for the Union to provide a framework for maritime spatial planning, Member States remain responsible                              and competent for designing and determining, within their marine waters, the format and content of such plans, including institutional                              arrangements and, where applicable, any apportionment of maritime space to different activities and uses respectively.

(12)In order to respect proportionality and subsidiarity, as well as to minimise additional administrative burdens, the transposition                              and implementation of this Directive should to the greatest extent possible build upon existing national, regional and local                              rules and mechanisms, including those set out in Recommendation 2002/413/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council(7) or in Council Decision 2010/631/EU(8).

(13)In marine waters, ecosystems and marine resources are subject to significant pressures. Human activities, but also climate                              change effects, natural hazards and shoreline dynamics such as erosion and accretion, can have severe impacts on coastal economic                              development and growth, as well as on marine ecosystems, leading to deterioration of environmental status, loss of biodiversity                              and degradation of ecosystem services. Due regard should be had to these various pressures in the establishment of maritime                              spatial plans. Moreover, healthy marine ecosystems and their multiple services, if integrated in planning decisions, can deliver                              substantial benefits in terms of food production, recreation and tourism, climate change mitigation and adaptation, shoreline                              dynamics control and disaster prevention.

(14)In order to promote the sustainable growth of maritime economies, the sustainable development of marine areas and the sustainable                              use of marine resources, maritime spatial planning should apply an ecosystem-based approach as referred to in Article 1(3)                              of Directive 2008/56/EC with the aim of ensuring that the collective pressure of all activities is kept within levels compatible                              with the achievement of good environmental status and that the capacity of marine ecosystems to respond to human-induced changes                              is not compromised, while contributing to the sustainable use of marine goods and services by present and future generations.                              In addition, an ecosystem-based approach should be applied in a way that is adapted to the specific ecosystems and other specificities                              of the different marine regions and that takes into consideration the ongoing work in the Regional Sea Conventions, building                              on existing knowledge and experience. The approach will also allow for an adaptive management which ensures refinement and                              further development as experience and knowledge increase, taking into account the availability of data and information at                              sea basin level to implement that approach. Member States should take into account the precautionary principle and the principle                              that preventive action should be taken, as laid down in Article 191(2) of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union.

(15)Maritime spatial planning will contribute, inter alia, to achieving the aims of Directive 2009/28/EC of the European Parliament                              and of the Council(9), Council Regulation (EC) No 2371/2002(10), Directive 2009/147/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council(11), Council Directive 92/43/EEC(12), Decision No 884/2004/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council(13), Directive 2000/60/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council(14), Directive 2008/56/EC, recalling the Commission communication of 3 May 2011 entitled ‘Our life insurance, our natural capital:                              an EU biodiversity strategy to 2020’, the Commission communication of 20 September 2011 entitled ‘Roadmap to a Resource Efficient                              Europe’, the Commission communication of 16 April 2013 entitled ‘An EU Strategy on Adaptation to Climate Change’ and the Commission                              communication of 21 January 2009 entitled ‘Strategic goals and recommendations for the EU’s maritime transport policy until                              2018’, as well as, where appropriate, those of the Union’s Regional Policy, including the sea-basin and macro-regional strategies.

(16)Marine and coastal activities are often closely interrelated. In order to promote the sustainable use of maritime space, maritime                              spatial planning should take into account land-sea interactions. For this reason, maritime spatial planning can play a very                              useful role in determining orientations related to sustainable and integrated management of human activities at sea, preservation                              of the living environment, the fragility of coastal ecosystems, erosion and social and economic factors. Maritime spatial                              planning should aim to integrate the maritime dimension of some coastal uses or activities and their impacts and ultimately                              allow an integrated and strategic vision.

(17)This framework Directive does not interfere with Member States’ competence for town and country planning, including any terrestrial                              or land spatial planning system used to plan how land and coastal zone should be used. If Member States apply terrestrial                              planning to coastal waters or parts thereof, this Directive should not apply to those waters.

(18)Maritime spatial planning should cover the full cycle of problem and opportunity identification, information collection, planning,                              decision-making, implementation, revision or updating, and the monitoring of implementation, and should have due regard to                              land-sea interactions and best available knowledge. Best use should be made of mechanisms set out in existing or future legislation,                              including Commission Decision 2010/477/EU(15) and the Commission’s Marine Knowledge 2020 initiative.

(19)The main purpose of maritime spatial planning is to promote sustainable development and to identify the utilisation of maritime                              space for different sea uses as well as to manage spatial uses and conflicts in marine areas. Maritime spatial planning also                              aims at identifying and encouraging multi-purpose uses, in accordance with the relevant national policies and legislation.                              In order to achieve that purpose, Member States need at least to ensure that the planning process or processes result in a                              comprehensive planning identifying the different uses of maritime space and taking into consideration long-term changes due                              to climate change.

(20)Member States should consult and coordinate their plans with the relevant Member States and should cooperate with third-country                              authorities in the marine region concerned in conformity with the rights and obligations of those Member States and of the                              third countries concerned under Union and international law. Effective cross-border cooperation between Member States and                              with neighbouring third countries requires that the competent authorities in each Member State be identified. Member States                              therefore need to designate the competent authority or authorities responsible for the implementation of this Directive. Given                              the differences between various marine regions or sub-regions and coastal zones, it is not appropriate to prescribe in detail                              in this Directive the form which those cooperation mechanisms should take.

(21)The management of marine areas is complex and involves different levels of authorities, economic operators and other stakeholders.                              In order to promote sustainable development in an effective manner, it is essential that stakeholders, authorities and the                              public be consulted at an appropriate stage in the preparation of maritime spatial plans under this Directive, in accordance                              with relevant Union legislation. A good example of public consultation provisions can be found in Article 2(2) of Directive                              2003/35/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council(16).

(22)Through maritime spatial plans, Member States can reduce the administrative burden and costs in support of their action to                              implement other relevant Union legislation. The timelines for maritime spatial plans should therefore, where possible, be                              coherent with the timetables set out in other relevant legislation, especially: Directive 2009/28/EC, which requires the share                              of energy from renewable sources in gross final consumption of energy in 2020 to be at least 20 % and which identifies coordination                              of authorisation, certification and planning procedures, including spatial planning, as an important contribution to the achievement                              of the Union’s targets for energy from renewable sources; Directive 2008/56/EC and point 6 of Part A of the Annex to Decision                              2010/477/EU, which require Member States to take the necessary measures to achieve or maintain good environmental status in                              the marine environment by 2020 and which identify maritime spatial planning as a tool to support the ecosystem-based approach                              to the management of human activities in order to achieve good environmental status; Decision No 884/2004/EC, which requires                              that the trans-European transport network be established by 2020 by means of the integration of Europe’s land, sea and air                              transport infrastructure networks.

(23)Directive 2001/42/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council(17) establishes environmental assessment as an important tool for integrating environmental considerations into the preparation                              and adoption of plans and programmes. Where maritime spatial plans are likely to have significant effects on the environment,                              they are subject to Directive 2001/42/EC. Where maritime spatial plans include Natura 2000 sites, such an environmental assessment                              can be combined with the requirements of Article 6 of Directive 92/43/EEC, to avoid duplication.

(24)With a view to ensuring that maritime spatial plans are based on reliable data and to avoid additional administrative burdens,                              it is essential that Member States make use of the best available data and information by encouraging the relevant stakeholders                              to share information and by making use of existing instruments and tools for data collection, such as those developed in the                              context of the Marine Knowledge 2020 initiative and Directive 2007/2/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council(18).

(25)Member States should send copies of their maritime spatial plans and any updates to the Commission, so as to enable the latter                              to monitor the implementation of this Directive. The Commission will use the information provided by the Member States, and                              existing information available under Union legislation, to keep the European Parliament and the Council informed of progress                              made in implementing this Directive.

(26)Timely transposition of this Directive is essential since the Union has adopted a number of policy initiatives that are to                              be implemented by the year 2020 and which this Directive aims to support and complement.

(27)A landlocked Member State would be under a disproportionate and unnecessary obligation if it had to transpose and implement                              this Directive. Therefore, such Member States should be exempted from the obligation to transpose and implement this Directive,

HAVE ADOPTED THIS DIRECTIVE:

## CHAPTER IU.K.**GENERAL PROVISIONS**

### Article 1U.K.Subject matter

1.This Directive establishes a framework for maritime spatial planning aimed at promoting the sustainable growth of maritime                        economies, the sustainable development of marine areas and the sustainable use of marine resources.                  

2.Within the Integrated Maritime Policy of the Union, that framework provides for the establishment and implementation by Member                        States of maritime spatial planning, with the aim of contributing to the objectives specified in Article 5, taking into account                        land-sea interactions and enhanced cross-border cooperation, in accordance with relevant Unclos provisions.                  

### Article 2U.K.Scope

1.This Directive shall apply to marine waters of Member States, without prejudice to other Union legislation. It shall not apply                        to coastal waters or parts thereof falling under a Member State’s town and country planning, provided that this is communicated                        in its maritime spatial plans.                  

2.This Directive shall not apply to activities the sole purpose of which is defence or national security.                  

3.This Directive shall not interfere with Member States’ competence to design and determine, within their marine waters, the                        extent and coverage of their maritime spatial plans. It shall not apply to town and country planning.                  

4.This Directive shall not affect the sovereign rights and jurisdiction of Member States over marine waters which derive from                        relevant international law, particularly Unclos. In particular, the application of this Directive shall not influence the                        delineation and delimitation of maritime boundaries by the Member States in accordance with the relevant provisions of Unclos.                  

### Article 3U.K.Definitions

For the purposes of this Directive, the following definitions apply:

‘Integrated Maritime Policy’ (IMP) means a Union policy whose aim is to foster coordinated and coherent decision-making to                              maximise the sustainable development, economic growth and social cohesion of Member States, and notably the coastal, insular                              and outermost regions in the Union, as well as maritime sectors, through coherent maritime-related policies and relevant international                              cooperation;                           

‘maritime spatial planning’ means a process by which the relevant Member State’s authorities analyse and organise human activities                              in marine areas to achieve ecological, economic and social objectives;                           

‘marine region’ means the marine region referred to in Article 4 of Directive 2008/56/EC;

‘marine waters’ means the waters, the seabed and subsoil as defined in point (1)(a) of Article 3 of Directive 2008/56/EC and                              coastal waters as defined in point 7 of Article 2 of Directive 2000/60/EC and their seabed and their subsoil.                           

## CHAPTER IIU.K.**MARITIME SPATIAL PLANNING**

### Article 4U.K.Establishment and implementation of maritime spatial planning

1.Each Member State shall establish and implement maritime spatial planning.                  

2.In doing so, Member States shall take into account land-sea interactions.                  

3.The resulting plan or plans shall be developed and produced in accordance with the institutional and governance levels determined                        by Member States. This Directive shall not interfere with Member States’ competence to design and determine the format and                        content of that plan or those plans.                  

4.Maritime spatial planning shall aim to contribute to the objectives listed in Article 5 and fulfil the requirements laid down                        in Articles 6 and 8.                  

5.When establishing maritime spatial planning, Member States shall have due regard to the particularities of the marine regions,                        relevant existing and future activities and uses and their impacts on the environment, as well as to natural resources, and                        shall also take into account land-sea interactions.                  

6.Member States may include or build on existing national policies, regulations or mechanisms that have been or are being established                        before the entry into force of this Directive, provided they are in conformity with the requirements of this Directive.                  

### Article 5U.K.Objectives of maritime spatial planning

1.When establishing and implementing maritime spatial planning, Member States shall consider economic, social and environmental                        aspects to support sustainable development and growth in the maritime sector, applying an ecosystem-based approach, and to                        promote the coexistence of relevant activities and uses.                  

2.Through their maritime spatial plans, Member States shall aim to contribute to the sustainable development of energy sectors                        at sea, of maritime transport, and of the fisheries and aquaculture sectors, and to the preservation, protection and improvement                        of the environment, including resilience to climate change impacts. In addition, Member States may pursue other objectives                        such as the promotion of sustainable tourism and the sustainable extraction of raw materials.                  

3.This Directive is without prejudice to the competence of Member States to determine how the different objectives are reflected                        and weighted in their maritime spatial plan or plans.                  

### Article 6U.K.Minimum requirements for maritime spatial planning

1.Member States shall establish procedural steps to contribute to the objectives listed in Article 5, taking into account relevant                        activities and uses in marine waters.                  

2.In doing so, Member States shall:                  

(a)take into account land-sea interactions;                  

(b)take into account environmental, economic and social aspects, as well as safety aspects;                  

(c)aim to promote coherence between maritime spatial planning and the resulting plan or plans and other processes, such as integrated                        coastal management or equivalent formal or informal practices;                  

(d)ensure the involvement of stakeholders in accordance with Article 9;                  

(e)organise the use of the best available data in accordance with Article 10;                  

(f)ensure trans-boundary cooperation between Member States in accordance with Article 11;                  

(g)promote cooperation with third countries in accordance with Article 12.                  

3.Maritime spatial plans shall be reviewed by Member States as decided by them but at least every ten years.                  

### Article 7U.K.Land-sea interactions

1.In order to take into account land-sea interactions in accordance with Article 4(2), should this not form part of the maritime                        spatial planning process as such, Member States may use other formal or informal processes, such as integrated coastal management.                        The outcome shall be reflected by Member States in their maritime spatial plans.                  

2.Without prejudice to Article 2(3), Member States shall aim through maritime spatial planning to promote coherence of the resulting                        maritime spatial plan or plans with other relevant processes.                  

### Article 8U.K.Setting-up of maritime spatial plans

1.When establishing and implementing maritime spatial planning, Member States shall set up maritime spatial plans which identify                        the spatial and temporal distribution of relevant existing and future activities and uses in their marine waters, in order                        to contribute to the objectives set out in Article 5.                  

2.In doing so and in accordance with Article 2(3), Member States shall take into consideration relevant interactions of activities                        and uses. Without prejudice to Member States’ competences, possible activities and uses and interests may include:                  
          -  aquaculture areas, 
          -  fishing areas, 
          -  installations and infrastructures for the exploration, exploitation and extraction of oil, of gas and other energy resources,                           of minerals and aggregates, and for the production of energy from renewable sources,                         
          -  maritime transport routes and traffic flows, 
          -  military training areas, 
          -  nature and species conservation sites and protected areas, 
          -  raw material extraction areas, 
          -  scientific research, 
          -  submarine cable and pipeline routes, 
          -  tourism, 
          -  underwater cultural heritage. 

### Article 9U.K.Public participation

1.Member States shall establish means of public participation by informing all interested parties and by consulting the relevant                        stakeholders and authorities, and the public concerned, at an early stage in the development of maritime spatial plans, in                        accordance with relevant provisions established in Union legislation.                  

2.Member States shall also ensure that the relevant stakeholders and authorities, and the public concerned, have access to the                        plans once they are finalised.                  

### Article 10U.K.Data use and sharing

1.Member States shall organise the use of the best available data, and decide how to organise the sharing of information, necessary                        for maritime spatial plans.                  

2.The data referred to in paragraph 1 may include, inter alia:                  

(a)environmental, social and economic data collected in accordance with Union legislation pertaining to the activities referred                        to in Article 8;                  

(b)marine physical data about marine waters.                  

3.When implementing paragraph 1, Member States shall make use of relevant instruments and tools, including those already available                        under the IMP, and under other relevant Union policies, such as those mentioned in Directive 2007/2/EC.                  

### Article 11U.K.Cooperation among Member States

1.As part of the planning and management process, Member States bordering marine waters shall cooperate with the aim of ensuring                        that maritime spatial plans are coherent and coordinated across the marine region concerned. Such cooperation shall take into                        account, in particular, issues of a transnational nature.                  

2.The cooperation referred to in paragraph 1 shall be pursued through:                  

(a)existing regional institutional cooperation structures such as Regional Sea Conventions; and/or                  

(b)networks or structures of Member States’ competent authorities; and/or                  

(c)any other method that meets the requirements of paragraph 1, for example in the context of sea-basin strategies.                  

### Article 12U.K.Cooperation with third countries

Member States shall endeavour, where possible, to cooperate with third countries on their actions with regard to maritime                     spatial planning in the relevant marine regions and in accordance with international law and conventions, such as by using                     existing international forums or regional institutional cooperation.                  

## CHAPTER IIIU.K.**IMPLEMENTATION**

### Article 13U.K.Competent authorities

1.Each Member State shall designate the authority or authorities competent for the implementation of this Directive.                  

2.Each Member State shall provide the Commission with a list of those competent authorities, together with the items of information                        listed in the Annex to this Directive.                  

3.Each Member State shall inform the Commission of any change to the information provided pursuant to paragraph 1 within six                        months of such a change coming into effect.                  

### Article 14U.K.Monitoring and reporting

1.Member States shall send copies of the maritime spatial plans, including relevant existing explanatory material on the implementation                        of this Directive, and all subsequent updates, to the Commission and to any other Member States concerned within three months                        of their publication.                  

2.The Commission shall submit to the European Parliament and to the Council, at the latest one year after the deadline for establishment                        of the maritime spatial plans, and every four years thereafter, a report outlining the progress made in implementing this                        Directive.                  

## CHAPTER IVU.K.**FINAL PROVISIONS**

### Article 15U.K.Transposition

1.Member States shall bring into force the laws, regulations and administrative provisions necessary to comply with this Directive                        by 18 September 2016. They shall immediately inform the Commission thereof.                  

When Member States adopt those measures, they shall contain a reference to this Directive or shall be accompanied by such                     reference on the occasion of their official publication. The methods of making such reference shall be laid down by Member                     States.                  

2.The authority or authorities referred to in Article 13(1) shall be designated by 18 September 2016.                  

3.The maritime spatial plans referred to in Article 4 shall be established as soon as possible, and at the latest by 31 March                        2021.                  

4.The obligation to transpose and implement this Directive shall not apply to landlocked Member States.                  

### Article 16U.K.Entry into force

This Directive shall enter into force on the twentieth day following that of its publication in the *Official Journal of the European Union*.                  

### Article 17U.K.Addressees

This Directive is addressed to the Member States.

Done at Brussels, 23 July 2014.

*For the European Parliament*                            

*The President*                            

M. Schulz                            

*For the Council*                            

*The President*                            

S. Gozi                            

## ANNEXU.K.**COMPETENT AUTHORITIES**

### (1)Name and address of the competent authority or authorities — the official name and address of the competent authority or authorities                        identified.U.K.

### (2)Legal status of the competent authority or authorities — a brief description of the legal status of the competent authority                        or authorities.U.K.

### (3)Responsibilities — a brief description of the legal and administrative responsibilities of the competent authority or authorities,                        and of its/their role in relation to the marine waters concerned.U.K.

### (4)Membership — when the competent authority or authorities act(s) as a coordinating body for other competent authorities, a                        list of the latter is required together with a summary of the institutional relationships established, in order to ensure                        coordination.U.K.

### (5)Regional coordination — a summary is required of the mechanisms established, in order to ensure coordination between Member                        States where their waters are covered by this Directive and fall within the same marine region or sub-region.U.K.

1

OJ C 341, 21.11.2013, p. 67.                           

2

OJ C 356, 5.12.2013, p. 124.                           

3

Position of the European Parliament of 17 April 2014 (not yet published in the Official Journal) and decision of the Council                              of 23 July 2014.                           

4

Directive 2008/56/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 June 2008 establishing a framework for Community                              action in the field of marine environmental policy (Marine Strategy Framework Directive) (OJ L 164, 25.6.2008, p. 19).                           

5

Regulation (EU) No 1255/2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 30 November 2011 establishing a Programme to                              support the further development of an Integrated Maritime Policy (OJ L 321, 5.12.2011, p. 1).                           

6

Regulation (EU) No 508/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 15 May 2014 on the European Maritime and Fisheries                              Fund and repealing Council Regulations (EC) No 2328/2003, (EC) No 861/2006, (EC) No 1198/2006 and (EC) No 791/2007 and Regulation                              (EU) No 1255/2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council (OJ L 149, 20.5.2014, p. 1).                           

7

Recommendation 2002/413/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 30 May 2002 concerning the implementation of Integrated                              Coastal Zone Management in Europe (OJ L 148, 6.6.2002, p. 24).                           

8

Council Decision 2010/631/EU of 13 September 2010 concerning the conclusion, on behalf of the European Union, of the Protocol                              on Integrated Coastal Zone Management in the Mediterranean to the Convention for the Protection of the Marine Environment                              and the Coastal Region of the Mediterranean (OJ L 279, 23.10.2010, p. 1).                           

9

Directive 2009/28/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 April 2009 on the promotion of the use of energy                              from renewable sources and amending and subsequently repealing Directives 2001/77/EC and 2003/30/EC (OJ L 140, 5.6.2009, p. 16).                           

10

Council Regulation (EC) No 2371/2002 of 20 December 2002 on the conservation and sustainable exploitation of fisheries resources                              under the Common Fisheries Policy (OJ L 358, 31.12.2002, p. 59).                           

11

Directive 2009/147/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 30 November 2009 on the conservation of wild birds                              (OJ L 20, 26.1.2010, p. 7).                           

12

Council Directive 92/43/EEC of 21 May 1992 on the conservation of natural habitats and of wild fauna and flora (OJ L 206, 22.7.1992, p. 7).                           

13

Decision No 884/2004/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 29 April 2004 amending Decision No 1692/96/EC on                              Community guidelines for the development of the trans-European transport network (OJ L 167, 30.4.2004, p. 1).                           

14

Directive 2000/60/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 October 2000 establishing a framework for Community                              action in the field of water policy (OJ L 327, 22.12.2000, p. 1).                           

15

Commission Decision 2010/477/EU of 1 September 2010 on criteria and methodological standards on good environmental status                              of marine waters (OJ L 232, 2.9.2010, p. 14).                           

16

Directive 2003/35/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 May 2003 providing for public participation in respect                              of the drawing up of certain plans and programmes relating to the environment and amending with regard to public participation                              and access to justice Council Directives 85/337/EEC and 96/61/EC (OJ L 156, 25.6.2003, p. 17).                           

17

Directive 2001/42/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 June 2001 on the assessment of the effects of certain                              plans and programmes on the environment (OJ L 197, 21.7.2001, p. 30).                           

18

Directive 2007/2/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 14 March 2007 establishing an Infrastructure for Spatial                              Information in the European Community (INSPIRE) (OJ L 108, 25.4.2007, p. 1).