II 

110TH CONGRESS 

2D SESSION S. 3334 

To strengthen communities through English literacy, civic education, and 

immigrant integration programs. 

IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES 

JULY 24 (legislative day, JULY 23), 2008 

Mrs. CLINTON introduced the following bill; which was read twice and referred 

to the Committee on Finance 

A BILL 

To strengthen communities through English literacy, civic 

education, and immigrant integration programs. 

1 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa2 tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 

3 SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS. 

4 (a) SHORT TITLE.—This Act may be cited as the 

5 ‘‘Strengthening Communities Through Education and In6 tegration Act of 2008’’. 

7 (b) TABLE OF CONTENTS.—The table of contents for 

8 this Act is as follows: 

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents. 

Sec. 2. Findings. 

TITLE I—EXPANDING ENGLISH LITERACY AND CIVICS 

EDUCATION 


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Sec. 101. Increased investment in English acquisition under the Adult Education and Family Literacy Act. 

Sec. 102. Expansion and evaluation of the Even Start Family Literacy Program. 

Sec. 103. Expanded learning time for middle and secondary school English language learners. 

Sec. 104. Definitions of English language learner. 

Sec. 105. Credits for teachers of English language learners. 

Sec. 106. Research in adult education. 

TITLE II—SUPPORTING ENGLISH LANGUAGE ACQUISITION AND 

ADULT EDUCATION IN THE WORKFORCE 

Sec. 201. Credit for employer provided adult English literacy and basic education programs. 

TITLE III—INTEGRATING AND BUILDING STRONGER 

COMMUNITIES 

Sec. 301. Office of Citizenship and Immigrant Integration. 

Sec. 302. Grants to States. 

Sec. 303. Authorized activities. 

Sec. 304. Accountability and evaluation. 

Sec. 305. Authorization of appropriations. 

1 SEC. 2. FINDINGS. 

2 Congress finds the following: 

3 (1) According to the United States Census, over 

4 23,000,000 United States residents do not speak 

5 English well. 

6 (2) According to the National Assessment of 

7 Adult Literacy, 93,000,000 adults in the United 

8 States have limited reading, writing, and mathe9 matics skills, and 14 percent of adults in the United 

10 States have below basic proficiency in prose literacy. 

11 (3) Only three percent of the 93,000,000 adults 

12 who could benefit from adult education services, 

13 English literacy, and civics education programs actu14 ally participate in such services and programs. 


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1 (4) There is a growing and urgent need for ad2 ditional English literacy and civics education pro3 grams for adults in the United States. 

4 (5) It is beneficial to new immigrants, host 

5 communities, States, and the Nation for immigrants 

6 to timely adjust to life in the United States, learn 

7 English, become citizens, buy homes, start busi8 nesses, send their children to college, and thrive eco9 nomically. 

10 (6) A proactive policy for new Americans at the 

11 State and local levels will maximize the benefits im12 migrants bring to States and municipalities, while 

13 helping immigrants integrate as quickly as possible. 

14 TITLE I—EXPANDING ENGLISH 

15 LITERACY AND CIVICS EDU16 CATION 

17 SEC. 101. INCREASED INVESTMENT IN ENGLISH ACQUISI18 TION UNDER THE ADULT EDUCATION AND 

19 FAMILY LITERACY ACT. 

20 (a) INTEGRATED ENGLISH LITERACY AND CIVICS

21 EDUCATION PROGRAM.—Section 203 of the Adult Edu22 cation and Family Literacy Act (20 U.S.C. 9202) is 

23 amended by adding at the end the following new para24 graph: 


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1 ‘‘(19) INTEGRATED ENGLISH LITERACY AND

2 CIVICS EDUCATION PROGRAM.—The term ‘integrated 

3 English literacy and civics education program’ 

4 means a program of instruction designed to help an 

5 English language learner achieve competence in 

6 English through contextualized instruction on the 

7 rights and responsibilities of citizenship, naturaliza8 tion procedures, civic participation, and United 

9 States history and government to help such learner 

10 acquire the skills and knowledge to become an active 

11 and informed parent, worker, and community mem12 ber.’’. 

13 (b) STATE LEADERSHIP ACTIVITIES.—Section 

14 223(a) of the such Act (20 U.S.C. 9223(a)) is amended 

15 by inserting after paragraph (11) the following: 

16 ‘‘(12) Technical assistance for grant applica17 tions of faith and community-based organizations. 

18 ‘‘(13) The study of the effectiveness of distance 

19 learning or self-study programs to assist the English 

20 language learner population acquire English.’’. 

21 (c) NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR LITERACY.—Section 

22 242(c)(1) of such Act (20 U.S.C. 9252(c)(1)) is amend23 ed— 

24 (1) in subparagraph (A)— 


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1 (A) by redesignating clauses (ii), (iii), and 

2 (iv) as clauses (iii), (iv), and (v), respectively; 

3 and 

4 (B) by inserting after clause (i) the fol5 lowing new clause: 

6 ‘‘(ii) effective practices in the provi7 sion of integrated English literacy and 

8 civics education programs;’’; 

9 (2) by redesignating subparagraphs (G), (H), 

10 and (I) as subparagraphs (H), (I), and (J), respec11 tively; and 

12 (3) by inserting after subparagraph (F) the fol13 lowing new subparagraph: 

14 ‘‘(G) to coordinate and share information 

15 with national organizations and associations 

16 that are interested in integrated English lit17 eracy and civics education programs;’’. 

18 (d) REPORT.—Section 242(k) of such Act (20 U.S.C. 

19 9252(k)) is amended— 

20 (1) in paragraph (2), by striking ‘‘and’’ at the 

21 end; 

22 (2) by redesignating paragraph (3) as para23 graph (4); and 

24 (3) by inserting after paragraph (2) the fol25 lowing new paragraph: 


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1 ‘‘(3) a separate analysis of— 

2 ‘‘(A) national and State adult English in3 struction needs; 

4 ‘‘(B) data on the composition of recent im5 migration flows and immigration settlement 

6 patterns across the United States; and 

7 ‘‘(C) estimated instructional needs based 

8 on the English ability and educational attain9 ment of English language learners under recent 

10 migration patterns; and’’. 

11 (e) NATIONAL LEADERSHIP ACTIVITIES.—Section 

12 243 of such Act (20 U.S.C. 9253) is amended— 

13 (1) in paragraph (1)— 

14 (A) in subparagraph (A), by inserting 

15 ‘‘and integrated English literacy and civics edu16 cation programs’’ before the semicolon at the 

17 end; and 

18 (B) in subparagraph (B), by inserting 

19 ‘‘and integrated English literacy and civics edu20 cation programs’’ before ‘‘, based on scientific 

21 evidence’’; and 

22 (2) in paragraph (2)— 

23 (A) in subparagraph (B), by inserting 

24 ‘‘and integrated English literacy and civics eduVerDate Aug 31 2005 23:50 Jul 26, 2008 Jkt 069200 PO 00000 Frm 00006 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\S3334.IS S3334

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1 cation programs’’ before the semicolon at the 

2 end; 

3 (B) in subparagraph (D)(ii), by inserting 

4 ‘‘integrated English literacy and civics edu5 cation programs,’’ before ‘‘and workplace lit6 eracy programs’’; 

7 (C) in subparagraph (E)— 

8 (i) in clause (i), by inserting ‘‘and in9 tegrated English literacy and civics edu10 cation programs’’ before the semicolon at 

11 the end; 

12 (ii) in clause (iii), by striking ‘‘and’’ 

13 at the end; 

14 (iii) in clause (iv)— 

15 (I) by striking ‘‘section 231’’ and 

16 inserting ‘‘sections 231 and 244’’; and 

17 (II) by inserting ‘‘and’’ after the 

18 semicolon; and 

19 (iv) by adding at the end the following 

20 new clause: 

21 ‘‘(v) the extent to which integrated 

22 English literacy and civics education pro23 grams carried out under section 244 lead 

24 participants in such programs to increase 

25 their civic participation and, if applicable, 


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1 lead such participants to become United 

2 States citizens.’’. 

3 (f) INTEGRATED ENGLISH LITERACY AND CIVICS

4 EDUCATION.—Chapter 4 of subtitle A of such Act (20 

5 U.S.C. 9251 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end 

6 the following new section: 

7 ‘‘SEC. 244. INTEGRATED ENGLISH LITERACY AND CIVICS 

8 EDUCATION PROGRAMS. 

9 ‘‘(a) PROGRAM AUTHORIZED.— 

10 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—From funds appropriated 

11 to carry out this section, the Secretary shall award 

12 grants to States, from allocations under subsection 

13 (b), for integrated English literacy and civics edu14 cation programs. 

15 ‘‘(2) DEFINITION OF STATE.—In this section 

16 the term ‘State’ means each of the several States of 

17 the United States and the District of Columbia. 

18 ‘‘(b) ALLOCATIONS.— 

19 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Subject to paragraph (2) 

20 and with respect to funds described in subsection 

21 (a), the Secretary shall allocate— 

22 ‘‘(A) 65 percent to States on the basis of 

23 a State’s need for integrated English and civics 

24 education programs, as determined by calcu25 lating each State’s share of a ten-year average 


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1 of the data compiled by the Office of Immigra2 tion Statistics of the Department of Homeland 

3 Security, for immigrants admitted for lawful 

4 permanent residence for the ten most recent 

5 years; and 

6 ‘‘(B) 35 percent to the States on the basis 

7 of whether the State experienced growth, as 

8 measured by the average of the three most re9 cent years for which data compiled by the Of10 fice of Immigration Statistics of the Depart11 ment of Homeland Security are available, for 

12 immigrants admitted for lawful permanent resi13 dence. 

14 ‘‘(2) MINIMUM.—No State shall receive an allo15 cation under paragraph (1) in an amount that is less 

16 than $60,000. 

17 ‘‘(c) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATION.—For the 

18 purpose of carrying out this section, there are authorized 

19 to be appropriated $200,000,000 for fiscal year 2009, 

20 $250,000,000 for fiscal year 2010, and $300,000,000 for 

21 fiscal year 2011.’’. 


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1 SEC. 102. EXPANSION AND EVALUATION OF THE EVEN 

2 START FAMILY LITERACY PROGRAM. 

3 (a) EXPANSION OF PROGRAM.—Section 1002(b)(3) 

4 of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 

5 (20 U.S.C. 6302(b)(3)) is amended to read as follows: 

6 ‘‘(3) EVEN START.—For the purpose of car7 rying out subpart 3 of part B, there are authorized 

8 to be appropriated $350,000,000 for fiscal year 

9 2009 and each of the 5 succeeding fiscal years.’’. 

10 (b) EVEN START RESEARCH AND EVALUATION.— 

11 Subpart 3 of part B of title I of the Elementary and Sec12 ondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 6381 et seq.) 

13 is amended by adding at the end the following: 

14 ‘‘SEC. 1243. RESEARCH. 

15 ‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—In order to provide rigorous re16 search utilizing appropriate, scientifically based research 

17 standards, the Director of the National Institute for Lit18 eracy shall design a plan (approved by the Secretary) to 

19 carry out, through a grant or contract, research into the 

20 components of successful family literacy services to inform 

21 the field and improve practice and increase program qual22 ity, in order to— 

23 ‘‘(1) improve the quality of existing programs 

24 assisted under this subpart or other family literacy 

25 programs; and 


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1 ‘‘(2) develop models for new programs to be 

2 carried out under this subpart. 

3 ‘‘(b) CONSULTATION.—In conducting the research 

4 described in subsection (a), the entity with which the Di5 rector of the National Institute for Literacy contracts or 

6 awards a grant shall consult with— 

7 ‘‘(1) Even Start coordinators and practitioners, 

8 including individuals from migrant or tribal Even 

9 Start programs; 

10 ‘‘(2) individuals who are researchers and ex11 perts in family literacy, including early childhood 

12 and adult literacy; 

13 ‘‘(3) individuals who are experts in literacy 

14 services for English language learners and the learn15 ers’ families; and 

16 ‘‘(4) individuals who are representatives from 

17 other national organizations involved in family lit18 eracy. 

19 ‘‘(c) SCIENTIFICALLY BASED RESEARCH ON FAMILY

20 LITERACY.— 

21 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Director of the Na22 tional Institute for Literacy, in consultation with the 

23 Secretary, shall carry out research that— 

24 ‘‘(A) is scientifically based reading re25 search; and 


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1 ‘‘(B) determines— 

2 ‘‘(i) the most effective ways of improv3 ing the literacy skills of adults with read4 ing difficulties; and 

5 ‘‘(ii) how family literacy services can 

6 best provide parents with the knowledge 

7 and skills the parents need to support the 

8 parents’ children’s literacy development. 

9 ‘‘(2) USE OF EXPERT ENTITY.—The Director of 

10 the National Institute for Literacy, in consultation 

11 with the Secretary, shall carry out the research 

12 under paragraph (1) through an entity, including a 

13 Federal agency, that has expertise in carrying out 

14 longitudinal studies of the development of literacy 

15 skills in children and adults and has developed effec16 tive interventions to help children with reading dif17 ficulties. 

18 ‘‘(d) DISSEMINATION.—The Director of the National 

19 Institute for Literacy shall disseminate, pursuant to sec20 tion 1207, the results of research described in subsections 

21 (a) and (b) to State educational agencies and recipients 

22 of subgrants under this subpart. 

23 ‘‘(e) REPORT TO CONGRESS.—Not later than 6 

24 months after the date of completion of research under this 


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1 section, the Director of the National Institute for Literacy 

2 shall— 

3 ‘‘(1) submit a report on the research to the Sec4 retary, the Committee on Education and Labor of 

5 the House of Representatives, and the Committee on 

6 Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions of the Sen7 ate; and 

8 ‘‘(2) make such report publicly available. 

9 ‘‘SEC. 1244. LONGITUDINAL EVALUATION. 

10 ‘‘(a) NATIONAL WILLIAM F. GOODLING EVEN START

11 EVALUATION.—The Director of the National Institute for 

12 Literacy shall review, make recommendations on, design, 

13 and plan for a longitudinal evaluation of the Even Start 

14 program under this subpart, as approved by the Secretary. 

15 ‘‘(b) CONSIDERATIONS.—In conducting the evalua16 tion described in subsection (a), the Director of the Na17 tional Institute for Literacy shall consider— 

18 ‘‘(1) the extent to which programs under this 

19 subpart— 

20 ‘‘(A) provide family literacy services to 

21 adults and children not otherwise available or 

22 accessible to such children or adults, or that 

23 supplement child development or adult edu24 cation services provided by other programs; 


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1 ‘‘(B) strengthen parents’ knowledge and 

2 skills that support parent-child relationships, 

3 parental involvement in schools, and family lit4 eracy and other educational activities in the 

5 home; 

6 ‘‘(C) improve adult participants’ basic skill 

7 levels in reading, writing, speaking the English 

8 language, and basic mathematics; and 

9 ‘‘(D) increase adult participants’ ability to 

10 maintain and retain employment; and 

11 ‘‘(2) the extent to which programs under this 

12 subpart link families to needed community services 

13 and how differences in the type, length, mix, and in14 tensity of services affect the desired program 

15 goals.’’. 

16 SEC. 103. EXPANDED LEARNING TIME FOR MIDDLE AND 

17 SECONDARY SCHOOL ENGLISH LANGUAGE 

18 LEARNERS. 

19 (a) DEFINITIONS.— 

20 (1) IN GENERAL.—Unless otherwise specified, 

21 the terms used in this section have the meanings 

22 given the terms in section 9101 of the Elementary 

23 and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 

24 7801). 

25 (2) OTHER DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 


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1 (A) EXPANDED LEARNING TIME PRO2 GRAM.—The term ‘‘expanded learning time pro3 gram’’ means— 

4 (i) a summer learning semester at a 

5 school served by a local educational agen6 cy; 

7 (ii) a consolidated school district pro8 gram; 

9 (iii) an extended day program that 

10 adds not less than one hour to the school 

11 day, if the additional learning time— 

12 (I) focuses on English language 

13 acquisition and core academics; and 

14 (II) allows for enrichment oppor15 tunities that support learning; or 

16 (iv) a semester or program described 

17 in clause (i), (ii), or (iii) that is operated 

18 by— 

19 (I) a local educational agency or 

20 a public school; or 

21 (II) a local educational agency or 

22 a public school in a partnership 

23 with— 

24 (aa) a nonprofit organiza25 tion; 


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1 (bb) a faith-based organiza2 tion; or 

3 (cc) any other entity that 

4 meets State quality assurance 

5 guidelines. 

6 (B) STATE.—The term ‘‘State’’ means 

7 each of the several States of the United States 

8 and the District of Columbia. 

9 (b) PROGRAM AUTHORIZED.—From amounts appro10 priated under subsection (h), the Secretary of Education 

11 shall award grants under this section to each State edu12 cational agency served by a State to enable the State edu13 cational agency to provide subgrants, on a competitive 

14 basis, to local educational agencies to enable the local edu15 cational agencies to provide high quality expanded learn16 ing time programs for middle and secondary school stu17 dents who are English language learners. 

18 (c) GRANT REQUIREMENTS.— 

19 (1) APPROVED APPLICATIONS.—The Secretary 

20 shall only award a grant under this section to a 

21 State educational agency for which the Secretary 

22 has approved an application under this section. 

23 (2) MATCHING REQUIREMENT.—To be eligible 

24 to receive a grant under this section, a State edu25 cational agency shall provide matching funds, from 


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1 non-Federal sources, in an amount that is not less 

2 than 25 percent of the total amount of funds re3 ceived under the grant. 

4 (3) IN-KIND CONTRIBUTIONS.—In-kind con5 tributions from private funding sources may be used 

6 to meet the matching requirement described in para7 graph (2). 

8 (4) STATE APPLICATION.— 

9 (A) IN GENERAL.—In order to receive a 

10 grant under this section, a State educational 

11 agency shall submit an application, that was de12 veloped collaboratively with community-based 

13 organizations that serve English language 

14 learner communities, teachers, a statewide orga15 nization of teachers, a representative from pub16 lic libraries, and other educators, to the Sec17 retary at such time and in such form as the 

18 Secretary may require. 

19 (B) CONTENTS.—The application shall in20 clude a State plan for providing high quality ex21 panded learning time programs for middle and 

22 secondary school students who are English lan23 guage learners. The State plan shall include— 


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1 (i) a description of the State needs re2 garding the English language learner stu3 dent population; 

4 (ii) an outline for an accountability 

5 standard to ensure the use of high quality 

6 expanded learning time programs; 

7 (iii) any other requirement determined 

8 to be necessary by the Secretary; and 

9 (iv) guidelines on— 

10 (I) which expanded learning time 

11 programs are determined to be high 

12 quality; and 

13 (II) how the State educational 

14 agency will ensure that the State edu15 cational agency will meet the require16 ments of subsection (e). 

17 (d) COMPETITIVE SUBGRANTS.— 

18 (1) IN GENERAL.—A State educational agency 

19 receiving a grant under this section shall use the 

20 grant funds to award subgrants, on a competitive 

21 basis, to local educational agencies to enable the 

22 local educational agencies to provide expanded learn23 ing time programs to middle and secondary school 

24 students who are English language learners in order 


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1 to provide such students with additional language 

2 and civics education. 

3 (2) PRIORITY.—A State educational agency re4 ceiving a grant under this section shall give priority 

5 in awarding subgrants under this section to local 

6 educational agencies that demonstrate a need for ex7 panded learning time programs for English language 

8 learner middle and secondary school students. 

9 (3) NEED DETERMINATION.—A State edu10 cational agency shall determine a local educational 

11 agency’s need under paragraph (2) on the basis of— 

12 (A) increases in the number of students 

13 who are English language learners and served 

14 by the local educational agency; 

15 (B) substantial increases in the local immi16 grant population served by the local educational 

17 agency; and 

18 (C) evidence that expanded learning time 

19 programs are necessary to ensure that schools 

20 served by the local educational agency will 

21 reach accountability standards under the Ele22 mentary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 

23 (20 U.S.C. 6301 et seq.). 

24 (4) APPLICATION.—In order to receive a 

25 subgrant under this section, a local educational 


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1 agency shall submit an application to the State edu2 cational agency at such time and in such form as 

3 the State educational agency may require. The appli4 cation shall— 

5 (A) describe the needs of the middle and 

6 secondary school English language learner stu7 dent population served by the local educational 

8 agency; 

9 (B) describe the types of expanded learn10 ing time programs to be offered to middle and 

11 secondary school students who are English lan12 guage learners; 

13 (C) describe how the subgrant will be used; 

14 (D) include guidelines on— 

15 (i) which expanded learning time pro16 grams are considered to be high quality; 

17 and 

18 (ii) how the local educational agency 

19 will meet the requirements of subsection 

20 (e); 

21 (E) contain an assurance that the local 

22 educational agency will meet the requirements 

23 of subsection (e); 


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1 (F) include an outline for an accountability 

2 standard to ensure high quality expanded learn3 ing time programs; 

4 (G) contain evidence of an agreement, be5 tween the governing body of the local edu6 cational agency and the employees of the local 

7 educational agency, including teachers, at par8 ticipating schools or their recognized represent9 atives, to work the expanded schedule; 

10 (H) describe the process by which the local 

11 educational agency will ensure the meaningful 

12 involvement of teachers, union representatives, 

13 parents, public libraries, and school partners in 

14 the planning and implementation of the ex15 panded learning time program; and 

16 (I) contain any other requirement deter17 mined necessary by the State educational agen18 cy. 

19 (5) MATCHING REQUIREMENT.—To be eligible 

20 to receive a subgrant under this section, a local edu21 cational agency shall provide matching funds, from 

22 non-Federal sources, in an amount that is not less 

23 than 15 percent of the total amount of funds re24 ceived under the subgrant. 


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1 (e) SUPPLEMENT, NOT SUPPLANT.—A State edu2 cational agency and a local educational agency shall use 

3 Federal funds received under this section only to supple4 ment the funds that would, in the absence of such Federal 

5 funds, be made available from non-Federal sources for the 

6 education of students participating in expanded learning 

7 time programs assisted under this section, and not to sup8 plant such funds. 

9 (f) DURATION AND RENEWAL.— 

10 (1) DURATION OF GRANTS AND SUBGRANTS.— 

11 Grants and subgrants under this section shall be 

12 awarded for a period that does not exceed 3 years 

13 in duration. 

14 (2) RENEWAL OF GRANTS AND SUBGRANTS.— 

15 (A) IN GENERAL.—Grants and subgrants 

16 under this section may be renewed in 2-year in17 crements. 

18 (B) CONDITIONS FOR RENEWAL.—In order 

19 to be eligible to renew a grant or subgrant 

20 under this paragraph, the State educational 

21 agency or local educational agency shall dem22 onstrate to the satisfaction of the Secretary or 

23 State educational agency, respectively, that the 

24 State educational agency or local educational 


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1 agency, respectively, has complied with the 

2 terms of the grant or subgrant, respectively. 

3 (g) RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.—Nothing in this sec4 tion shall be construed to alter or otherwise affect the 

5 rights, remedies, and procedures afforded to the employees 

6 of local educational agencies under Federal, State, or local 

7 laws (including applicable regulations or court orders) or 

8 under the terms of collective bargaining agreements, 

9 memoranda of understanding, or other agreements be10 tween such employees and their employers, including the 

11 right of employees of local educational agencies to engage 

12 in good faith collective bargaining with their employers re13 garding their terms and conditions of employment, and 

14 the procedures used to determine such terms and condi15 tions. 

16 (h) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—For the 

17 purpose of carrying out this section, there are authorized 

18 to be appropriated $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2009 and 

19 each of the 5 succeeding fiscal years. 

20 SEC. 104. DEFINITIONS OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNER. 

21 (a) ADULT EDUCATION AND FAMILY LITERACY

22 ACT.—The Adult Education and Family Literacy Act (20 

23 U.S.C. 9201 et seq.) is amended— 


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1 (1) in section 203(6) (20 U.S.C. 9202(6)), by 

2 striking ‘‘individuals of limited English proficiency’’ 

3 and inserting ‘‘English language learners’’; 

4 (2) in section 203(10) (20 U.S.C. 9202(10))— 

5 (A) in the paragraph heading, by striking 

6 ‘‘INDIVIDUAL OF LIMITED ENGLISH PRO7 FICIENCY’’ and inserting ‘‘ENGLISH LANGUAGE

8 LEARNER’’; and 

9 (B) in the matter preceding subparagraph 

10 (A), by striking ‘‘individual of limited English 

11 proficiency’’ and inserting ‘‘English language 

12 learner’’; 

13 (3) in section 224(b)(10)(D) (20 U.S.C. 

14 9224(b)(10)(D)), by striking ‘‘individuals with lim15 ited English proficiency’’ and inserting ‘‘English lan16 guage learners’’; and 

17 (4) in section 243(2)(D)(ii) (as amended by sec18 tion 101(e)(2)(B)) (20 U.S.C. 9253(2)(D)(ii)), by 

19 striking ‘‘individuals with limited English proficiency 

20 who are adults’’ and inserting ‘‘adult English lan21 guage learners’’. 

22 (b) ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY EDUCATION ACT

23 OF 1965.— 

24 (1) AMENDMENT.—Section 9101(25) of the El25 ementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 


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1 U.S.C. 7801(25)) is amended by striking the matter 

2 preceding subparagraph (A) and inserting the fol3 lowing: 

4 ‘‘(25) ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNER.—The 

5 term ‘English language learner’ means an indi6 vidual—’’. 

7 (2) REFERENCES.—Any reference in the Ele8 mentary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 

9 U.S.C. 6301 et seq.) to an individual who is limited 

10 English proficient shall be construed to refer to an 

11 English language learner. 

12 SEC. 105. CREDITS FOR TEACHERS OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE 

13 LEARNERS. 

14 (a) IN GENERAL.—Subpart A of part IV of sub15 chapter A of chapter 1 of the Internal Revenue Code of 

16 1986 (relating to nonrefundable personal credits) is 

17 amended by inserting after section 25D the following new 

18 section: 

19 ‘‘SEC. 25E. TEACHERS OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNERS. 

20 ‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—In the case of an eligible teacher, 

21 there shall be allowed a credit against the tax imposed 

22 by this chapter for the taxable year an amount equal to— 

23 ‘‘(1) $1,500, for each of the first 5 taxable 

24 years for which the taxpayer is allowed a credit 

25 under this section, and 


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1 ‘‘(2) $1,000, for any other taxable year. 

2 ‘‘(b) CREDIT ALLOWED ONLY FOR 10 TAXABLE

3 YEARS.—No credit shall be allowed under this section 

4 with respect to a taxpayer for any taxable year after the 

5 10th taxable year for which such taxpayer is allowed a 

6 credit under this section. 

7 ‘‘(c) ELIGIBLE TEACHER.—For purposes of this sec8 tion— 

9 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The term ‘eligible teacher’ 

10 means, with respect to a taxable year, any individual 

11 who is a full-time teacher in an academic subject, 

12 has received training in delivering academic instruc13 tion to English language learner students, and is 

14 employed in any English language learner school for 

15 the academic year ending in such taxable year. 

16 ‘‘(2) ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNER SCHOOL.— 

17 The term ‘English language learner school’ means 

18 any school— 

19 ‘‘(A) which provides elementary education 

20 or secondary education, as determined under 

21 State law, and 

22 ‘‘(B) in which 10 percent or more of the 

23 students enrolled are limited English proficient 

24 (as defined in section 9901 of the Elementary 

25 and Secondary Education Act of 1965).’’. 


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1 (b) CLERICAL AMENDMENT.—The table of sections 

2 for such subpart is amended by inserting after the item 

3 relating to section 25D the following new item: 

‘‘Sec. 25E. Teachers in English language learner schools.’’. 

4 (c) TEACHER CERTIFICATION EXPENSES.—Part VII 

5 of subchapter B of chapter 1 of the Internal Revenue Code 

6 of 1986 (relating to additional itemized deductions for in7 dividuals) is amended by redesignating section 224 as sec8 tion 225 and by inserting after section 223 the following 

9 new section: 

10 ‘‘SEC. 224. TEACHER CERTIFICATION EXPENSES. 

11 ‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—In the case of an individual, 

12 there shall be allowed as a deduction for teacher certifi13 cation expenses paid or incurred by the taxpayer for the 

14 taxable year. 

15 ‘‘(b) TEACHER CERTIFICATION EXPENSES.— 

16 ‘‘(1) TESL CERTIFICATION EXPENSES.—For 

17 purposes of this section, the term ‘TESL certifi18 cation expenses’ means tuition and fees required for 

19 the enrollment or attendance of the taxpayer or the 

20 taxpayer’s spouse at an eligible educational institu21 tion (as defined in section 25A) for a course which 

22 is required for certification of such individual as 

23 qualified to teach English to elementary or sec24 ondary school students who are limited English proVerDate Aug 31 2005 01:53 Jul 27, 2008 Jkt 069200 PO 00000 Frm 00027 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\S3334.IS S3334

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1 ficient (as defined in section 9901 of the Elementary 

2 and Secondary Education Act of 1965). 

3 ‘‘(2) STATE BILINGUAL EDUCATION CERTIFI4 CATION EXPENSES.—For purposes of this section, 

5 the term ‘State bilingual education certification ex6 penses’ means tuition and fees required for the en7 rollment or attendance of the taxpayer or the tax8 payer’s spouse at an eligible educational institution 

9 (as defined in section 25A) for a course which is re10 quired for certification of such individual as quali11 fied to teach bilingual courses to elementary or sec12 ondary school students who are limited English pro13 ficient (as defined in section 9901 of the Elementary 

14 and Secondary Education Act of 1965). 

15 ‘‘(3) EXCEPTIONS.—Such term shall not in16 clude any amounts to the extent such amounts— 

17 ‘‘(A) are for a course that is part of the 

18 individual’s degree program, or 

19 ‘‘(B) are funded by another person (or any 

20 governmental entity). 

21 ‘‘(c) DENIAL OF DOUBLE BENEFIT.—No deduction 

22 shall be allowed under this section for any expense for 

23 which a deduction or credit is allowed under any other 

24 provision of this chapter.’’. 


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1 (d) CERTIFICATION DEDUCTION ALLOWED WHETH2 ER OR NOT TAXPAYER ITEMIZES OTHER DEDUCTIONS.— 

3 Subsection (a) of section 62 of such Code is amended by 

4 inserting after paragraph (21) the following new para5 graph: 

6 ‘‘(22) TEACHER CERTIFICATION EXPENSES.— 

7 The deduction allowed by section 224.’’. 

8 (e) CLERICAL AMENDMENT.—The table of sections 

9 for part VII of subchapter B of chapter 1 of such Code 

10 is amended by striking the last item and inserting the fol11 lowing new items: 

‘‘Sec. 224. Teacher certification expenses. 

‘‘Sec. 225. Cross reference.’’. 

12 (f) EFFECTIVE DATE.—The amendments made by 

13 this section shall apply to amounts paid or incurred in tax14 able years beginning after December 31, 2008. 

15 SEC. 106. RESEARCH IN ADULT EDUCATION. 

16 (a) IN GENERAL.—Section 133(c)(2)(A) of the Edu17 cation Sciences Reform Act of 2002 (20 U.S.C. 

18 9533(c)(2)(A)) is amended by inserting ‘‘education and’’ 

19 before ‘‘literacy’’. 

20 (b) NATIONAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CEN21 TER.— 

22 (1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Education 

23 shall direct the Commissioner for Education Re24 search of the National Center for Education ReVerDate Aug 31 2005 23:50 Jul 26, 2008 Jkt 069200 PO 00000 Frm 00029 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\S3334.IS S3334

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1 search established pursuant to section 131 of the 

2 Education Sciences Reform Act of 2002 (20 U.S.C. 

3 9531) to establish a national research and develop4 ment center for adult education and literacy as de5 scribed in section 133(c)(2)(A) of such Act (20 

6 U.S.C. 9533(c)(2)(A)) (as amended by subsection 

7 (a)). 

8 (2) PROVISION FOR EXPANSION OF RE9 SEARCH.—If, as of the date of the enactment of this 

10 Act, the Commissioner has established a center for 

11 adult literacy in accordance with section 

12 133(c)(2)(A) of the Education Sciences Reform Act 

13 of 2002, the Commissioner shall expand the topic of 

14 research of such center to include adult education, 

15 in accordance with the amendment made by sub16 section (a). 

17 TITLE II—SUPPORTING ENGLISH 

18 LANGUAGE ACQUISITION AND 

19 ADULT EDUCATION IN THE 

20 WORKFORCE 

21 SEC. 201. CREDIT FOR EMPLOYER PROVIDED ADULT 

22 ENGLISH LITERACY AND BASIC EDUCATION 

23 PROGRAMS. 

24 (a) IN GENERAL.—Subpart D of part IV of sub25 chapter A of chapter 1 of the Internal Revenue Code of 


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1 1986 (relating to business related credits) is amended by 

2 adding at the end the following: 

3 ‘‘SEC. 45Q. EMPLOYER-PROVIDED ADULT ENGLISH LIT4 ERACY AND BASIC EDUCATION PROGRAMS. 

5 ‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—For the purposes of section 38, 

6 the credit determined under this section with respect to 

7 any employer for the taxable year is an amount equal to 

8 20 percent of qualified education program expenses, or no 

9 more than $1,000 per full-time employee participating in 

10 the qualified education program. 

11 ‘‘(b) QUALIFIED EDUCATION PROGRAM EX12 PENSES.—For purposes of this section— 

13 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The term ‘qualified edu14 cation program expenses’ means expenses paid or in15 curred by an employer to make available qualified 

16 education to employees of the employer, who are 

17 English language learners or have not received a 

18 secondary school diploma, or its recognized equiva19 lent, or who lack sufficient mastery of basic edu20 cational skills to enable the individuals to function 

21 effectively in society. 

22 ‘‘(2) QUALIFIED EDUCATION.—The term ‘quali23 fied education’ means adult education and literacy 

24 activities provided— 


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1 ‘‘(A) by an eligible provider which for the 

2 fiscal year ending during the employer’s taxable 

3 year receives Federal funds under section 231 

4 of the Adult Education and Family Literacy 

5 Act for adult education and literacy activities, 

6 or 

7 ‘‘(B) in curriculum approved by the De8 partment of Education, the Employment and 

9 Training Administration of the Department of 

10 Labor, or in current use by a Federal agency. 

11 ‘‘(3) ELIGIBLE PROVIDER; ADULT EDUCATION

12 AND LITERACY ACTIVITIES.—The terms ‘eligible pro13 vider’, and ‘adult education and literacy activities’ 

14 shall have the respective meanings given to such 

15 terms in section 203 of the Adult Education and 

16 Family Literacy Act. 

17 ‘‘(4) ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNER.—The term 

18 ‘English language learner’ shall have the same 

19 meaning given to such term in section 9101(25) of 

20 the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 

21 1965. 

22 ‘‘(c) SPECIAL RULES.—For purposes of this sec23 tion— 

24 ‘‘(1) FULL-TIME EMPLOYMENT.—An employee 

25 shall be considered full-time if such employee is emVerDate Aug 31 2005 23:50 Jul 26, 2008 Jkt 069200 PO 00000 Frm 00032 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\S3334.IS S3334

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1 ployed at least 30 hours per week for 25 or more 

2 calendar weeks in the taxable year. 

3 ‘‘(2) AGGREGATION RULE.—All persons treated 

4 as a single employer under subsection (a) or (b) or 

5 section 52, or subsection (m) or (o) of section 414, 

6 shall be treated as one person. 

7 ‘‘(d) DENIAL OF DOUBLE BENEFIT.—No deduction 

8 or credit shall be allowed under any other provision of this 

9 chapter for any amount taken into account in determining 

10 the credit under this section. 

11 ‘‘(e) ELECTION TO HAVE CREDIT NOT APPLY.—A 

12 taxpayer may elect (at such time and in such manner as 

13 the Secretary may by regulations prescribe) to have this 

14 section not apply for any taxable year.’’. 

15 (b) CREDIT TO BE PART OF GENERAL BUSINESS

16 CREDIT.—Subsection (b) of section 38 of such Code (re17 lating to current year business credit) is amended by strik18 ing ‘‘plus’’ at the end of paragraph (32), by striking the 

19 period at the end of paragraph (33) and inserting ‘‘, plus’’, 

20 and by adding at the end the following new paragraph: 

21 ‘‘(34) the adult English literacy and basic edu22 cation programs credit determined under section 

23 45Q.’’. 

24 (c) CLERICAL AMENDMENT.—The table of sections 

25 for subpart D of part IV of subchapter A of chapter 1 


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1 of the such Code is amended by adding at the end the 

2 following new item: 

‘‘45O. Employer-provided adult English literacy and basic education programs.’’. 

3 (d) EFFECTIVE DATE.—The amendments made by 

4 this section shall apply to taxable years beginning after 

5 December 31, 2008. 

6 TITLE III—INTEGRATING AND 

7 BUILDING STRONGER COM8 MUNITIES 

9 SEC. 301. OFFICE OF CITIZENSHIP AND IMMIGRANT INTE10 GRATION. 

11 (a) RENAMING OF THE OFFICE OF CITIZENSHIP AND

12 IMMIGRANT INTEGRATION.— 

13 (1) IN GENERAL.—The Office of Citizenship 

14 within U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement 

15 of the Department of Homeland Security shall be re16 named the ‘‘Office of Citizenship and Immigrant In17 tegration’’. 

18 (2) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—Subsection (f) 

19 of section 451 of the Homeland Security Act of 

20 2002 (6 U.S.C. 271) is amended— 

21 (A) in the heading, by striking ‘‘CITIZEN22 SHIP.’’ and inserting ‘‘CITIZENSHIP AND IMMI23 GRANT INTEGRATION.’’; 


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1 (B) in paragraph (1), by inserting ‘‘and 

2 Immigrant Integration’’ after ‘‘Office of Citi3 zenship’’; and 

4 (C) in paragraph (2), by inserting ‘‘and 

5 Immigrant Integration’’ after ‘‘Office of Citi6 zenship’’. 

7 (3) REFERENCES.—Any reference in a law, reg8 ulation, document, paper, or other record of the 

9 United States to the Office of Citizenship within 

10 U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement of the 

11 Department of Homeland Security shall be deemed 

12 to be a reference to the ‘‘Office of Citizenship and 

13 Immigrant Integration’’. 

14 (b) FUNCTIONS.—Paragraph (2) of section 451(f) of 

15 the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (6 U.S.C. 271(f)), as 

16 amended by subsection (a)(2)(C), is further amended by 

17 striking ‘‘for promoting’’ and all that follows through the 

18 end and inserting ‘‘for— 

19 ‘‘(A) establishing national goals for inte20 grating new communities into the United States 

21 and measuring the degree to which such goals 

22 are met; 

23 ‘‘(B) assessing and coordinating Federal 

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1 sions related to integration of immigrants into 

2 the United States; 

3 ‘‘(C) serving as a liaison and intermediary 

4 with State and local governments and other en5 tities to assist in establishing local integration 

6 goals, task forces, and integration councils to 

7 assist immigrants to the United States; 

8 ‘‘(D) providing research on, and policy 

9 analysis of, the demand for English acquisition 

10 programs carried out by the Federal Govern11 ment and for other services for aliens who have 

12 recently arrived in the United States; 

13 ‘‘(E) assisting States in coordinating alien 

14 integration and refugee resettlement programs 

15 with the grant program carried out under title 

16 III of the Strengthening Communities Through 

17 English and Integration Act of 2008; and 

18 ‘‘(F) promoting instruction and training on 

19 citizenship responsibilities for aliens interested 

20 in becoming naturalized citizens of the United 

21 States, including the development of edu22 cational materials for such aliens.’’. 

23 SEC. 302. GRANTS TO STATES. 

24 (a) AUTHORITY TO PROVIDE GRANTS.—Subject to 

25 subsections (c) and (d), the Chief of the Office of CitizenVerDate Aug 31 2005 23:50 Jul 26, 2008 Jkt 069200 PO 00000 Frm 00036 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\S3334.IS S3334

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1 ship and Immigrant Integration is authorized to provide 

2 grants to States to form State New American Councils 

3 as described in subsection (b) to carry out activities de4 scribed in section 303. 

5 (b) STATE NEW AMERICAN COUNCILS.—A State 

6 New American Council shall consist of not less than 15 

7 and not more than 19 individuals from the State and shall 

8 include, to the extent practicable, representatives from the 

9 following sectors: 

10 (1) Business. 

11 (2) Faith-based organizations. 

12 (3) Civic organizations. 

13 (4) Philanthropic leaders. 

14 (5) Nonprofit organizations with experience 

15 working with immigrant communities. 

16 (6) Education organizations, including organi17 zations representing teachers and other employees. 

18 (7) Representatives of State adult education of19 fices. 

20 (8) Representatives of State or local public li21 braries. 

22 (9) Representatives of statewide or local elected 

23 office holders. 

24 (c) WAIVER OF REQUIREMENT.— 


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1 (1) AUTHORITY TO GRANT.—The Chief of the 

2 Office of Citizenship and Immigrant Integration 

3 may award a grant under subsection (a) to a State 

4 without requiring the State to form a State New 

5 American Council if the Chief determines that the 

6 State is carrying out statewide initiatives to inte7 grate immigrants into the State and into the United 

8 States. 

9 (2) GUIDELINES.—The Chief shall establish 

10 guidelines for awarding grants to States described in 

11 paragraph (1). 

12 (d) GRANTS TO LOCAL GOVERNMENTS.—The Chief 

13 of the Office of Citizenship and Immigrant Integration 

14 may provide a grant under subsection (a) to a local gov15 ernment if the Chief determines that the State in which 

16 the local government is located is unable or unwilling to 

17 apply for such a grant. 

18 (e) APPLICATION.—An applicant for a grant under 

19 subsection (a) shall submit an application to the Chief of 

20 the Office of Citizenship and Immigrant Integration. Such 

21 application shall include— 

22 (1) if the applicant is a State seeking to form 

23 a State New American Council, an assurance that 

24 such State New American Council will meet the re25 quirements of subsection (b); 


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1 (2) the number of immigrants in the State in 

2 which the applicant is located; 

3 (3) a description of the challenges immigrants 

4 face in effectively integrating into such State and 

5 local communities; and 

6 (4) any other information that the Chief may 

7 reasonably require. 

8 (f) DURATION.—A grant awarded under subsection 

9 (a) shall be for a period of 5 years. 

10 (g) GRANT AMOUNT.—The amount of a grant award11 ed under subsection (a) shall be not less than $500,000 

12 and not more than $5,000,000 for each fiscal year. 

13 (h) RESERVATIONS.— 

14 (1) NATIONAL.—The Chief of the Office of Citi15 zenship and Immigrant Integration shall reserve not 

16 more than 1 percent of the amount appropriated to 

17 carry out this title for such Office, including the 

18 evaluation of funds distributed. 

19 (2) STATES.—A State awarded a grant under 

20 subsection (a) may reserve not more than 10 percent 

21 of such grant amount for the creation and operation 

22 of the State New American Council. 

23 SEC. 303. AUTHORIZED ACTIVITIES. 

24 (a) MANDATORY ACTIVITIES.—A grant awarded 

25 under section 302(a) shall be used— 


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1 (1) to develop, implement, expand, or enhance 

2 a comprehensive integration plan; 

3 (2) to provide subgrants to local communities 

4 as described in subsection (c); 

5 (3) if the grant is awarded to a State to form 

6 a State New American Council, to convene meetings 

7 of the State New American Council not less fre8 quently than once each quarter; and 

9 (4) to convene public hearings not less fre10 quently than once each year to report on the activi11 ties carried out by with such grant. 

12 (b) PERMISSIBLE ACTIVITIES.—A grant awarded 

13 under section 302(a) may be used— 

14 (1) to examine the status of immigrants in the 

15 State or municipality which was awarded the grant; 

16 (2) to provide technical assistance or training 

17 for State or local agencies to improve services to im18 migrants; 

19 (3) to review and develop strategies to expand 

20 distance learning as a method of instruction for lan21 guage and civics education and available techno22 logical programs that may supplement or supplant 

23 quality classroom instruction; and 


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1 (4) to coordinate with entities of other States 

2 engaged in immigrant integration or refugee reset3 tlement activities. 

4 (c) SUBGRANTS TO LOCAL COMMUNITIES.— 

5 (1) REQUIREMENT TO AWARD.—A grant under 

6 section 302(a) shall be used to award subgrants to 

7 entities of local governments to assist communities 

8 with local efforts to integrate populations of immi9 grants and address community concerns related to 

10 such populations. 

11 (2) AUTHORIZED ACTIVITIES.—Subgrants shall 

12 be awarded under paragraph (1) to entities of local 

13 governments for use to carry out activities in accord14 ance with— 

15 (A) a comprehensive integration plan de16 scribed in subsection (a)(1); and 

17 (B) any guidance provided by the Chief of 

18 the Office of Citizenship and Immigrant Inte19 gration. 

20 (3) SUBGRANT AMOUNT.—The amount of a 

21 subgrant awarded under this subsection shall be not 

22 less than $100,000 and not more than $600,000 for 

23 a fiscal year. 


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1 SEC. 304. ACCOUNTABILITY AND EVALUATION. 

2 (a) ACCOUNTABILITY SYSTEM.—Each entity awarded 

3 a grant under section 302(a) or a subgrant under section 

4 303(c) shall establish an accountability system to measure 

5 the outcomes of the activities carried out with such grant 

6 or subgrant and assess the effectiveness of such entity in 

7 achieving the integration goals of— 

8 (1) the Chief of the Office of Citizenship and 

9 Immigrant Integration; and 

10 (2) any applicable comprehensive integration 

11 plan described in subsection 303(a)(1). 

12 (b) SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS.—The accountability 

13 system required by subsection (a) shall consist of methods 

14 to measure the success of activities carried out with a 

15 grant awarded under section 302(a) or a subgrant award16 ed under section 303(c) in producing— 

17 (1) gains in the integration of immigrants into 

18 the United States, including increases— 

19 (A) in the understanding of the history 

20 and form of government of the United States 

21 and of the responsibilities of United States citi22 zenship; 

23 (B) in obtaining the skills needed to meet 

24 the requirements of section 312(a) of the Immi25 gration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1423(a)); 


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1 (C) in the participation of such immigrants 

2 in volunteer or other community involvement 

3 activities; and 

4 (D) in the participation of such immi5 grants who are parents in education of their 

6 children; 

7 (2) gains in the education levels of immigrants 

8 to the United States, including increases in— 

9 (A) the English language proficiency of 

10 such immigrants; 

11 (B) the literacy skills of such immigrants; 

12 and 

13 (C) the rates of such immigrants in obtain14 ing a high school diploma or its recognized 

15 equivalent; or 

16 (3) gains in the employment status of immi17 grants to the United States, including increases in— 

18 (A) the level of job skills of such immi19 grants, including workplace English; and 

20 (B) the ability of such immigrants to ob21 tain and retain full-time employment. 

22 (c) ANNUAL EVALUATION.—The Chief of the Office 

23 of Citizenship and Immigrant Integration shall conduct an 

24 annual evaluation of the grant program established under 

25 this title. Such evaluation shall be used by the Chief— 


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1 (1) to improve the effectiveness of programs 

2 carried out by the Chief; 

3 (2) to assess future needs of immigrants and of 

4 State and local governments related to immigrants; 

5 and 

6 (3) to determine the effectiveness of such grant 

7 program. 

8 SEC. 305. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. 

9 There are authorized to be appropriated 

10 $100,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2009 through 2014 

11 to carry out this title. 

Æ 


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