EXHIBIT 10.47


                                 Loan Agreement

Borrower: ORPHAN MEDICAL, INC.      Lender: RIVERSIDE BANK
          13911 RIDGEDALE DRIVE             MINNESOTA CENTER OFFICE
          MINNETONKA, MN 55305              7760 FRANCE AVENUE SOUTH, SUITE 125
                                            BLOOMINGTON, MN 55435

THIS LOAN AGREEMENT between ORPHAN MEDICAL, INC. ("Borrower") and RIVERSIDE BANK
("Lender") is made and executed on the following terms and conditions. Borrower
has received prior commercial loans from Lender or has applied to Lender for a
commercial loan or loans and other financial accommodations, Including those
which may be described on any exhibit or schedule attached to this Agreement.
All such loans and financial accommodations, together with all future loans and
financial accommodations from Lender to Borrower, are referred to In this
Agreement Individually as the "Loan" and collectively as the "Loans." Borrower
understands and agrees that: (a) In granting, renewing, or extending any Loan,
Lender Is relying upon Borrower's representations, warranties, and agreements,
as set forth in this Agreement; (b) the granting, renewing, or extending of any
Loan by Lender at all times shall be subject to Lender's sole judgment and
discretion; and (c) all such Loans shall be and shall remain subject to the
following terms and conditions of this Agreement.

TERM. This Agreement shall be effective as of May 15, 1998, and shall continue
thereafter until all Indebtedness of Borrower to Lender has been performed in
full and the parties terminate this Agreement in writing.

DEFINITIONS. The following words shall have the following meanings when used in
this Agreement. Terms not otherwise defined in this Agreement shall have the
meanings attributed to such terms in the Uniform Commercial Code. All references
to dollar amounts shall mean amounts in lawful money of the United States of
America.

Agreement. The word "Agreement" means this Loan Agreement, as this Loan
Agreement may be amended or modified from time to time, together with all
exhibits and schedules attached to this Loan Agreement from time to time.

Account. The word "Account" means a trade account, account receivable, or other
right to payment for goods sold or services rendered owing to Borrower (or to a
third party grantor acceptable to Lender).

Account Debtor. The words Account Debtor" mean the person or entity obligated
upon an Account.

Advance. The word "Advance" means a disbursement of Loan funds under this
Agreement.

Borrower. The word "Borrower" means ORPHAN MEDICAL, INC.. The word "Borrowers
also includes, as applicable, all subsidiaries and affiliates of Borrower as
provided below in the paragraph titled "Subsidiaries and Affiliates".

Borrowing Base. The words "Borrowing Base" mean, as determined by Lender from
time to time, the lesser of (a) S500,000.00; or (b) 75.000% of the aggregate
amount of Eligible Accounts.

CERCLA. The word "CERCLA" means the Comprehensive Environmental Response,
Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980, as amended. 

Collateral. The word "Collateral" means and includes without limitation all
property and assets granted as collateral security for a Loan, whether real or
personal property, whether granted directly or indirectly, whether granted now
or in the future, and whether granted in the form of a security interest,
mortgage, deed of trust, assignment, pledge, chapel mortgage, chattel trust,
factor's lien, equipment trust, conditional sale, trust receipt, lien, charge,
lien or title retention contract, lease or consignment intended as a security
device, or any other security or lien interest whatsoever, whether created by
law, contract, or otherwise.

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The word "Collateral" includes without limitation all collateral described below
in the section titled "COLLATERAL".

Eligible Accounts. The words "Eligible Accounts mean, at any time, all of
Borrower's Accounts which contain selling terms and conditions acceptable to
Lender. The net amount of any Eligible Account against which Borrower may borrow
shall exclude all returns, discounts, credits, and offsets of any nature. Unless
otherwise agreed to by Lender in writing, Eligible Accounts do not include:

(a) Accounts with respect to which the Account Debtor is an officer, an employee
or agent of Borrower.

(b) Accounts with respect to which the Account Debtor is a subsidiary of, or
affiliated with or related to Borrower or its shareholders, officers, or
directors.

(c) Accounts with respect to which goods are placed on consignment, guaranteed
sale, or other terms by reason of which the payment by the Account Debtor may be
conditional.

(d) Accounts with respect to which Borrower is or may become liable to the
Account Debtor for goods sold or services rendered by the Account Debtor to
Borrower.

(e) Accounts which are subject to dispute, counterclaim, or setoff.

(f) Accounts with respect to which the goods have not been shipped or delivered,
or the services have not been rendered, to the Account Debtor.

(g) Accounts with respect to which Lender, in its sole discretion, deems the
creditworthiness or financial condition of the Account Debtor to be
unsatisfactory.

(h) Accounts of any Account Debtor who has filed or has had filed against it a
petition in bankruptcy or an application for relief under any provision of any
state or federal bankruptcy insolvency, or debtor-in-relief acts; or who has had
appointed a trustee, custodian, or receiver for assets of such Account Debtor;
or who has made an assignment for the benefit of creditors or has become
insolvent or fails generally to pay its debts (including its payrolls) as such
debts become due.

(i) Accounts with respect to which the Account Debtor is the United States
government or any department or agency of the United States.

(j) Accounts which have not been paid in full within 90 Days from the invoice
date.

ERISA. The word "ERISA" means the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of
1974, as amended.

Event of Default. The words "Event of Default" mean and include without
limitation any of the Events of Default set forth below in the section titled
"EVENTS OF DEFAULT".

Expiration Date. The words "Expiration Date" mean the date of termination of
Lender's commitment to lend under this Agreement.

Grantor. The word "Grantor" means and includes without limitation each and all
of the persons or entities granting a Security Interest in any Collateral for
the Indebtedness, including without limitation all Borrowers granting such a
Security Interest.

Guarantor. The word "Guarantor" means and includes without limitation each and
all of the guarantors, sureties, and accommodation parties in connection with
any Indebtedness.

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Indebtedness. The word "Indebtedness" means and includes without limitation all
Loans, together with all other obligations, debts and liabilities of Borrower to
Lender, or any one or more of them, as well as all claims by Lender against
Borrower, or any one or more of them; whether now or hereafter voluntary or
involuntary, due or not due, absolute or contingent, liquidated or unliquidated;
whether Borrower may be liable individually or jointly with others; whether
Borrower may be obligated as a guarantor, surety, or otherwise; whether recovery
upon such Indebtedness may be or hereafter may become barred by any statute of
limitations; and whether such Indebtedness may be or hereafter may become
otherwise unenforceable.

Lender. The word "Lender" means RIVERSIDE BANK, its successors and assigns.

Line of Credit. The words "Line of Credit" mean the credit facility described in
the Section titled "LINE OF CREDIT" below.

Loan. The word "Loan" or "Loans" means and includes without limitation any and
all commercial loans and financial accommodations from Lender to Borrower,
whether now or hereafter existing, and however evidenced, including without
limitation those loans and financial accommodations described herein or
described on any exhibit or schedule attached to this Agreement from time to
time.

Note. The word "Note" means and includes without limitation Borrower's
promissory note or notes, if any, evidencing Borrower's Loan obligations in
favor of Lender, as well as any substitute, replacement or refinancing note or
notes therefor.

Permitted Liens. The words "Permitted Liens" mean: (a) liens and security
interests securing Indebtedness owed by Borrower to Lender; (b) liens for taxes,
assessments, or similar charges either not yet due or being contested in good
faith; (c) liens of materialmen, mechanics, warehousemen, or carriers, or other
like liens arising in the ordinary course of business and securing obligations
which are not yet delinquent; (d) purchase money liens or purchase money
security interests upon or in any property acquired or held by Borrower in the
ordinary course of business to secure indebtedness outstanding on the date of
this Agreement or permitted to be incurred under the paragraph of this Agreement
titled "Indebtedness and Liens"; (e) liens and security interests which, as of
the date of this Agreement, have been disclosed to and approved by the Lender in
writing; and (f) those liens and security interests which in the aggregate
constitute an immaterial and insignificant monetary amount with respect to the
net value of Borrower's assets.

Related Documents. The words "Related Documents" mean and include without
limitation all promissory notes, credit agreements, loan agreements,
environmental agreements, guaranties, security agreements, mortgages, deeds of
trust, and all other instruments, agreements and documents, whether now or
hereafter existing, executed in connection with the Indebtedness.

Security Agreement. The words "Security Agreement" mean and include without
limitation any agreements, promises, covenants, arrangements, understandings or
other agreements, whether created by law, contract, or otherwise, evidencing,
governing, representing, or creating a Security Interest.

Security Interest. The words Security Interest" mean and include without
limitation any type of collateral security, whether in the form of a lien,
charge, mortgage, deed of trust, assignment, pledge, chattel mortgage, chattel
trust, factor's lien, equipment trust, conditional sale, trust receipt, lien or
title retention contract, lease or consignment intended as a security device, or
any other security or lien interest whatsoever, whether created by law,
contract, or otherwise.

SARA. The word "SARA" means the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act of
1986 as now or hereafter amended.

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LINE OF CREDIT. Lender agrees to make Advances to Borrower from time to time
from the date of this Agreement to the Expiration Date, provided the aggregate
amount of such Advances outstanding at any time does not exceed the Borrowing
Base. Within the foregoing limits, Borrower may borrow, partially or wholly
prepay, and reborrow under this Agreement as follows.

Conditions Precedent to Each Advance. Lender's obligation to make any Advance to
or for the account of Borrower under this Agreement is subject to the following
conditions precedent, with all documents, instruments, opinions, reports, and
other items required under this Agreement to be in form and substance
satisfactory to Lender:

(a) Lender shall have received evidence that this Agreement and all Related
Documents have been duly authorized, executed, and delivered by Borrower to
Lender.
(b) Lender shall have received such opinions of counsel, supplemental opinions,
and documents as Lender may request.
(c) The security interests in the Collateral shall have been duly authorized,
created, and perfected with first lien priority and shall be in full force and
effect.
(d) All guaranties required by Lender for the Line of Credit shall have been
executed by each Guarantor, delivered to Lender, and be in full force and
effect.
(e) Lender, at its option and for its sole benefit, shall have conducted an
audit of Borrower's Accounts, books, records, and operations, and Lender shall
be satisfied as to their condition.
(f) Borrower shall have paid to Lender all tees, costs, and expenses specified
in this Agreement and the Related Documents as are then due and payable.
(g) There shall not exist at the time of any Advance a condition which would
constitute an Event of Default under this Agreement.

Making Loan Advances. Advances under the credit facility, as well as directions
for payment from Borrower's accounts, may be requested orally or in writing by
authorized persons. Lender may, but need not, require that all oral requests be
confirmed in writing. Each Advance shall be conclusively deemed to have been
made at the request of and for the benefit of Borrower (a) when credited to any
deposit account of Borrower maintained with Lender or (b) when advanced in
accordance with the instructions of an authorized person. Lender, at its option,
may set a cutoff time, after which all requests for Advances will be treated as
having been requested on the next Business Day.

Mandatory Loan Repayments. If at any time the aggregate principal amount of the
outstanding Advances shall exceed the applicable Borrowing Base, Borrower,
immediately upon written or oral notice from Lender, shall pay to Lender an
amount equal to the difference between the outstanding principal balance of the
Advances and the Borrowing Base. On the Expiration Date, Borrower shall pay to
Lender in full the aggregate unpaid principal amount of all Advances then
outstanding and all accrued unpaid interest, together with all other applicable
fees, costs and charges, if any, not yet paid.

Loan Account. Lender shall maintain on its books a record of account in which
Lender shall make entries for each Advance and such other debits and credits as
shall be appropriate in connection with the credit facility. Lender shall
provide Borrower with periodic statements of Borrower's account, which
statements shall be considered to be correct and conclusively binding on
Borrower unless Borrower notifies Lender to the contrary within thirty (30) days
after Borrower's receipt of any such statement which Borrower deems to be
incorrect.

COLLATERAL. To secure payment of the Line of Credit and performance of all other
Loans, obligations and duties owed by Borrower to Lender, Borrower (and others,
if required) shall grant to Lender Security Interests in such property and
assets as Lender may require (the "Collateral"), including without limitation
Borrower's present and future Accounts and general intangibles. Lender's
Security Interests in the Collateral shall be continuing liens and shall include
the proceeds and products of the Collateral, including without limitation the
proceeds of any insurance. With respect to the Collateral.
Borrower agrees and represents and warrants to Lender:

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Perfection of Security Interests. Borrower agrees to execute such financing
statements and to take whatever other actions are requested by Lender to perfect
and continue Lender's Security Interests in the Collateral. Upon request of
Lender, Borrower will deliver to Lender any and all of the documents evidencing
or constituting the Collateral, and Borrower will note Lender's interest upon
any and all chattel paper it not delivered to Lender for possession by Lender.
Contemporaneous with the execution of this Agreement, Borrower will execute one
or more UCC financing statements and any similar statements as may be required
by applicable law, and will file such financing statements and all such similar
statements in the appropriate location or locations. Borrower hereby appoints
Lender as its irrevocable attorney-in-tact for the purpose of executing any
documents necessary to perfect or to continue any Security Interest. Lender may
at any time, and without further authorization from Borrower, tile a carbon,
photograph, facsimile, or other reproduction of any financing statement for use
as a financing statement. Borrower will reimburse Lender for all expenses for
the perfection, termination, and the continuation of the perfection of Lender's
security interest in the Collateral. Borrower promptly will notify Lender of any
change in Borrower's name including any change to the assumed business names of
Borrower. Borrower also promptly will notify Lender of any change in Borrower's
Social Security Number or Employer Identification Number. Borrower further
agrees to notify Lender in writing prior to any change in address or location of
Borrower's principal governance office or should Borrower merge or consolidate
with any other entity.

Collateral Records. Borrower does now, and at all times hereafter shall, keep
correct and accurate records of the Collateral, all of which records shall be
available to Lender or Lender's representative upon demand for inspection and
copying at any reasonable time. With respect to the Accounts, Borrower agrees to
keep and maintain such records as Lender may require, including without
limitation information concerning Eligible Accounts and Account balances and
agings.

Collateral Schedules. Concurrently with the execution and delivery of this
Agreement, Borrower shall execute and deliver to Lender a schedule of Accounts
and Eligible Accounts, in form and substance satisfactory to the Lender.
Thereafter Borrower shall execute and deliver to Lender such supplemental
schedules of Eligible Accounts and such other matters and information relating
to Borrower's Accounts as Lender may request. Supplemental schedules shall be
delivered according to the following schedule: BORROWER SHALL PROVIDE LENDER
WITH BORROWING BASE CERTIFICATE DUE MONTHLY.

Representations and Warranties Concerning Accounts. With respect to the
Accounts, Borrower represents and warrants to Lender: (a) Each Account
represented by Borrower to be an Eligible Account for purposes of this Agreement
conforms to the requirements of the definition of an Eligible Account; (b) All
Account information listed on schedules delivered to Lender will be true and
correct, subject to immaterial variance; and (c) Lender, its assigns, or agents
shall have the right at any time and at Borrower's expense to inspect, examine,
and audit Borrower's records and to confirm with Account Debtors the accuracy of
such Accounts.

REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES. Borrower represents and warrants to Lender, as
of the date of this Agreement, as of the date of each disbursement of Loan
proceeds, as of the date of any renewal, extension or modification of any Loan,
and at all times any Indebtedness exists:

Organization. Borrower is a corporation which is duly organized, validly
existing, and in good standing under the laws of the State of Minnesota and is
validly existing and in good standing in all states in which Borrower is doing
business. Borrower has the full power and authority to own its properties and to
transact the businesses in which it is presently engaged or presently proposes
to engage. Borrower also is duly qualified as a foreign corporation and is in
good standing in all states in which the failure to so qualify would have a
material adverse effect on its businesses or financial condition.

Authorization. The execution, delivery, and performance of this Agreement and
all Related Documents by Borrower, to the extent to be executed, delivered or
performed by Borrower, have been duly authorized by 

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all necessary action by Borrower; do not require the consent or approval of any
other person, regulatory authority or governmental body; and do not conflict
with, result in a violation of, or constitute a default under (a) any provision
of its articles of incorporation or organization, or bylaws, or any agreement or
other instrument binding upon Borrower or (b) any law, governmental regulation,
court decree, or order applicable to Borrower.

Financial Information. Each financial statement of Borrower supplied to Lender
truly and completely disclosed Borrower's financial condition as of the date of
the statement, and there has been no material adverse change in Borrower's
financial condition subsequent to the date of the most recent financial
statement supplied to Lender. Borrower has no material contingent obligations
except as disclosed in such financial statements.

Legal Effect. This Agreement constitutes, and any instrument or agreement
required hereunder to be given by Borrower when delivered will constitute,
legal, valid and binding obligations of Borrower enforceable against Borrower in
accordance with their respective terms.

Properties. Except for Permitted Liens, Borrower owns and has good title to all
of Borrower's properties free and clear of all Security Interests, and has not
executed any security documents or financing statements relating to such
properties. All of Borrower's properties are titled in Borrower's legal name,
and Borrower has not used, or tiled a financing statement under, any other name
for at least the last five (5) years.

Hazardous Substances. The terms "hazardous waste," "hazardous substance"
"disposal," "release," and "threatened release" as used in this Agreement, shall
have the same meanings as set forth in the "CERCLA," "SARA" the Hazardous
Materials Transportation Act, jig U.S.C. Section 1801, et seq., the Resource
Conservation and Recovery Act, 42 U.S.C. Section 6901, et seq., or other
applicable state or Federal laws, rules, or regulations adopted pursuant to any
of the foregoing. Except as disclosed to and acknowledged by Lender in writing,
Borrower represents and warrants that: (a) During the period of Borrower's
ownership of the properties, there has been no use, generation, manufacture,
storage, treatment, disposal, release or threatened release of any hazardous
waste or substance by any person on, under, about or from any of the properties.
(b) Borrower has no knowledge of, or reason to believe that there has been (i)
any use, generation, manufacture, storage, treatment, disposal, release, or
threatened release of any hazardous waste or substance on, under, about or from
the properties by any prior owners or occupants of any of the properties, or
(ii) any actual or threatened litigation or claims of any kind by any person
relating to such matters. (c) or should have been known to Borrower. The
provisions of the Agreement, including the obligation to indemnify, shall
survive the payment of the Indebtedness and the termination or expiration of
this Agreement and shall not be affected by Lender's acquisition of any interest
in any of the properties, whether by foreclosure or otherwise.

Litigation and Claims. No litigation, claim, investigation, administrative
proceeding or similar action (including those for unpaid taxes) against Borrower
is pending or threatened, and no other event has occurred which may materially
adversely affect Borrower's financial condition or properties, other than
litigation, claims, or other events, if any, that have been disclosed to and
acknowledged by Lender in writing.

Taxes. To the best of Borrower's knowledge, all tax returns and reports of
Borrower that are or were required to be filed, have been filed, and all taxes,
assessments and other governmental charges have been paid in full, except those
presently being or to be contested by Borrower in good faith in the ordinary
course of business and for which adequate reserves have been provided.

Lien Priority. Unless otherwise previously disclosed to Lender in writing,
Borrower has not entered into or granted any Security Agreements, or permitted
the filing or attachment of any Security Interests on or affecting any of the
Collateral directly or indirectly securing repayment of Borrower's Loan and
Note, that

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would be prior or that may in any way be superior to Lender's Security Interests
and rights in and to such Collateral.

Binding Effect. This Agreement, the Note, all Security Agreements directly or
indirectly securing repayment of Borrower's Loan and Note and all of the Related
Documents are binding upon Borrower as well as upon Borrower's successors,
representatives and assigns, and are legally enforceable in accordance with
their respective terms.

Commercial Purposes. Borrower intends to use the Loan proceeds solely for
business or commercial related purposes.

Employee Benefit Plans. Each employee benefit plan as to which Borrower may have
any liability complies in all material respects with all applicable requirements
of law and regulations, and (i) no Reportable Event nor Prohibited Transaction
(as defined in ERISA) has occurred with respect to any such plan, (ii) Borrower
has not withdrawn from any such plan or initiated steps to do so, (iii) no steps
have been taken to terminate any such plan, and (iv) there are no unfunded
liabilities other than those previously disclosed to Lender in writing.

Location of Borrower's Offices and Records. Borrower's place of business, or
Borrower's Chief executive office, if Borrower has more than one place of
business, is located at 13911 RIDGEDALE DRIVE, MINNETONKA, MN 55305. Unless
Borrower has designated otherwise in writing this location is also the office or
offices where Borrower keeps its records concerning the Collateral.

Information. All information heretofore or contemporaneously herewith furnished
by Borrower to Lender for the purposes of or in connection with this Agreement
or any transaction contemplated hereby is, and all information hereafter
furnished by or on behalf of Borrower to Lender will be true and accurate in
every material respect on the date as of which such information is dated or
certified; and none of such information is or will be incomplete by omitting to
state any material fact necessary to make such information not misleading.

Survival of Representations and Warranties. Borrower understands and agrees that
Lender, without independent investigation, is relying upon the above
representations and warranties in extending Loan Advances to Borrower. Borrower
further agrees that the foregoing representations and warranties shall be
continuing in nature and shall remain in full force and effect until such time
as Borrower's Indebtedness shall be paid in full, or until this Agreement shall
be terminated in the manner provided above, whichever is the last to occur.

AFFIRMATIVE COVENANTS. Borrower covenants and agrees with Lender that, while
this Agreement is in effect, Borrower will:

Deposit Accounts. Maintain with Lender compensating balances of available
collected funds, with an average monthly balance, in an amount not less than
$250,000.00.

Litigation. Promptly inform Lender in writing of (a) all material adverse
changes in Borrower's financial condition, and (b) all existing and all
threatened litigation, claims, investigations, administrative proceedings or
similar actions affecting Borrower or any Guarantor which could materially
affect the financial condition of Borrower or the financial condition of any
Guarantor.

Financial Records. Maintain its books and records in accordance with generally
accepted accounting principles, applied on a consistent basis, and permit Lender
to examine and audit Borrower's books and records at all reasonable times.

Financial Statements. Furnish Lender with, as soon as available, but in no event
later than ninety (90) days aver the end of each fiscal year, Borrower's balance
sheet and income statement for the year ended, audited

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by a certified public accountant satisfactory to Lender, and, as soon as
available, but in no event later than thirty (30) days after the end of each
month, Borrower's balance sheet and profit and loss statement for the period
ended, prepared and certified as correct to the best knowledge and belief by
Borrower's chief financial officer or other officer or person acceptable to
Lender. All financial reports required to be provided under this Agreement shall
be prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, applied
on a consistent basis, and certified by Borrower as being true and correct.

Additional Information. Furnish such additional information and statements,
lists of assets and liabilities, agings of receivables and payables, inventory
schedules, budgets, forecasts, tax returns, and other reports with respect to
Borrower's financial condition and business operations as Lender may request
from time to time. Additional information shall be delivered according to the
following schedule: BORROWER TO MAINTAIN MINIMUM DEPOSIT RELATIONSHIP IN ITS
RIVERSIDE ACCOUNT, OR ACCOUNTS WHICH RIVERSIDE CONTROLS, OF $250,000 AT ALL
TIMES.

Insurance. Maintain tire and other risk insurance, public liability insurance,
and such other insurance as Lender may require with respect to Borrower's
properties and operations, in form, amounts, coverages and with insurance
companies reasonably acceptable to Lender. Borrower, upon request of Lender,
will deliver to Lender from time to time the policies or certificates of
insurance in form satisfactory to Lender, including stipulations that coverages
will not be cancelled or diminished without at least ten (10) days prior written
notice to Lender. Each insurance policy also shall include an endorsement
providing that coverage in favor of Lender will not be impaired in any way by
any act, omission or default of Borrower or any other person. In connection with
all policies covering assets in which Lender holds or is offered a security
interest for the Loans Borrower will provide Lender with such loss payable or
other endorsements as Lender may require.

Insurance Reports. Furnish to Lender, upon request of Lender, reports on each
existing insurance policy showing such information as Lender may reasonably
request, including without limitation the following: (a) the name of the
insurer; (b) the risks insured; (c) the amount of the policy; (d) the properties
insured; (e) the then current market values on the basis of which insurance has
been obtained, and the manner of determining those values; and (f) the
expiration date of the policy. In addition, upon request of Lender (however not
more often than annually), Borrower will have an independent appraiser
satisfactory to Lender determine, as applicable, the actual cash value or
replacement cost of any Collateral. The cost of such appraisal shall be paid by
Borrower.

Other Agreements. Comply with all terms and conditions of all other agreements,
whether now or hereafter existing, between Borrower and any other party and
notify Lender immediately in writing of any default in connection with any other
such agreements.

Loan Fees and Charges. In addition to all other agreed upon fees and charges,
pay the following: $3,750.00.

Loan Proceeds. Use all Loan proceeds solely for Borrower's business operations,
unless specifically consented to the contrary by Lender in writing.

Taxes, Charges and Liens. Pay and discharge when due all of its indebtedness and
obligations, including without limitation all assessments taxes, governmental
charges, levies and liens, of every kind and nature, imposed upon Borrower or
its properties, income, or profits, prior to the date on which penalties would
attach, and all lawful claims that, if unpaid, might become a lien or charge
upon any of Borrower's properties, income, or profits. Provided however,
Borrower will not be required to pay and discharge any such assessment, tax,
charge, levy, lien or claim so long as (a) the legality of the same shall be
contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings, and (b) Borrower shall have
established on its books adequate reserves with respect to such contested
assessment, tax, charge, levy, lien, or claim in accordance with generally
accepted accounting practices. Borrower, upon demand of Lender, will furnish to
Lender evidence of payment of the assessments, taxes, charges, levies liens and
claims and will authorize the

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appropriate governmental official to deliver to Lender at any time a written
statement of any assessments, taxes, charges, levies, liens and claims against
Borrower's properties, income, or profits.

Performance. Perform and comply with all terms, conditions, and provisions set
forth in this Agreement and in the Related Documents in a timely manner, and
promptly notify Lender if Borrower learns of the occurrence of any event which
constitutes an Event of Default under this Agreement or under any of the Related
Documents.

Operations. Maintain executive and management personnel with substantially the
same qualifications and experience as the present executive and management
personnel; provide written notice to Lender of any change in executive and
management personnel; conduct its business affairs in a reasonable and prudent
manner and in compliance with all applicable federal, state and municipal laws,
ordinances, rules and regulations respecting its properties, charters,
businesses and operations, including without limitation, compliance with the
Americans With Disabilities Act and with all minimum funding standards and other
requirements of ERISA and other laws applicable to Borrower's employee benefit
plans.

Inspection. Permit employees or agents of Lender at any reasonable time to
inspect any and all Collateral for the Loan or Loans and Borrower's other
properties and to examine or audit Borrower's books, accounts, and records and
to make copies and memoranda of Borrower's books accounts, and records. If
Borrower now or at any time hereafter maintains any records (including without
limitation computer generated records and computer software programs for the
generation of such records) in the possession of a third party, Borrower, upon
request of Lender, shall notify such party to permit Lender tree access to such
records at all reasonable times and to provide Lender with copies of any records
it may request, all at Borrower's expense.

Environmental Compliance and Reports. Borrower shall comply in all respects with
all environmental protection federal, state and local laws, statutes,
regulations and ordinances; not cause or permit to exist, as a result of an
intentional or unintentional action or omission on its part or on the part of
any third party, on property owned and/or occupied by Borrower, any
environmental activity where damage may result to the environment, unless such
environmental activity is pursuant to and in compliance with the conditions of a
permit issued by the appropriate federal, state or local governmental
authorities; shall furnish to Lender promptly and in any event within thirty
(30) days after receipt thereof a copy of any notice, summons, lien, citation,
directive, leper or other communication from any governmental agency or
instrumentality concerning any intentional or unintentional action or omission
on Borrower's part in connection with any environmental activity whether or not
there is damage to the environment and/or other natural resources.

Additional Assurances. Make, execute and deliver to Lender such promissory
notes, mortgages, deeds of trust, security agreements, financing statements,
instruments, documents and other agreements as Lender or its attorneys may
reasonably request to evidence and secure the Loans and to perfect all Security
Interests.

NEGATIVE COVENANTS. Borrower covenants and agrees with Lender that while this
Agreement is in effect, Borrower shall not, without the prior written consent of
Lender:

Indebtedness and Liens. (a) Except for trade debt incurred in the normal course
of business and indebtedness to Lender contemplated by this Agreement, create,
incur or assume indebtedness for borrowed money, including capital leases (b)
except as allowed as a Permitted Lien, sell, transfer, mortgage, assign, pledge,
lease, grant a security interest in, or encumber any of Borrower's assets, or
(c) sell with recourse any of Borrower's accounts, except to Lender.

Continuity of Operations. (a) Engage in any business activities substantially
different than those in which Borrower is presently engaged, (b) cease
operations, liquidate, merge, transfer, acquire or consolidate with any other
entity, change ownership, change its name, dissolve or transfer or sell
Collateral out of the ordinary course of business, (c) pay any dividends on
Borrower's stock (other than dividends payable in its stock), provided, however
that notwithstanding the foregoing, but only so long as no Event of Default 

<PAGE>


has occurred and is continuing or would result from the payment of dividends, if
Borrower is a "Subchapter S Corporation" (as defined in the Internal Revenue
Code of 1986, as amended), Borrower may pay cash dividends on its stock to its
shareholders from time to time in amounts necessary to enable the shareholders
to pay income taxes and make estimated income tax payments to satisfy their
liabilities under federal and state law which arise solely from their status as
Shareholders of a Subchapter S Corporation because of their ownership of shares
of stock of Borrower, or (d) purchase or retire any of Borrower's outstanding
shares or alter or amend Borrower's capital structure.

Loans, Acquisitions and Guaranties. (a) Loan, invest in or advance money or
assets, (b) purchase, create or acquire any interest in any other enterprise or
entity, or (c) incur any obligation as surety or guarantor other than in the
ordinary course of business.

CESSATION OF ADVANCES. It Lender has made any commitment to make any Loan to
Borrower, whether under this Agreement or under any other agreement, Lender
shall have no obligation to make Loan Advances or to disburse Loan proceeds if:
(a) Borrower or any Guarantor is in default under the terms of this Agreement or
any of the Related Documents or any other agreement that Borrower or any
Guarantor has with Lender; (b) Borrower or any Guarantor becomes insolvent,
tiles a petition in bankruptcy or similar proceedings, or is adjudged a
bankrupt; (c) there occurs a material adverse change in Borrower's financial
condition, in the financial condition of any Guarantor, or in the value of any
Collateral securing any Loan; (d) any Guarantor seeks, claims or otherwise
attempts to limit, modify or revoke such Guarantor's guaranty of the Loan or any
other loan with Lender; or (e) Lender in good faith deems itself insecure, even
though no Event of Default shall have occurred.

RIGHT OF SETOFF. Borrower grants to Lender a contractual possessory security
interest in, and hereby assigns, conveys, delivers, pledges, and transfers to
Lender all Borrower's right, title and interest in and to, Borrower's accounts
with Lender (whether checking, savings, or some other accounts. including
without limitation all accounts held jointly with someone else and all accounts
Borrower may open in the future, excluding however all IRA and Keogh accounts,
and all trust accounts for which the grant of a security interest would be
prohibited by law. Borrower authorizes Lender, to the extent permitted by
applicable law, to charge or setoff all sums owing on the Indebtedness against
any and all such accounts.

EVENTS OF DEFAULT
Default on Indebtedness. Failure of Borrower to make any payment when due on the
Loans.

Other Defaults. Failure of Borrower or any Grantor to comply with or to perform
when due any other term, obligation, covenant or condition contained in this
Agreement or in any of the Related Documents, or failure of Borrower to comply
with or to perform any other term, obligation, covenant or condition contained
in any other agreement between Lender and Borrower.

False Statements. Any warranty, representation or statement made or furnished to
Lender by or on behalf of Borrower or any Grantor under this Agreement or the
Related Documents is false or misleading in any material respect at the time
made or furnished, or becomes false or misleading at any time thereafter.

Detective Collateralization. This Agreement or any of Related Documents ceases
to be in full force and effect (including failure of any Security Agreement to
create a valid and perfected Security Interest) at any time and for any reason.

Insolvency. The dissolution or termination of Borrower's existence as a going
business, the insolvency of Borrower, the appointment of a receiver for any part
of Borrower's property, any assignment for the benefit of creditors, any type of
creditor workout, or the commencement of any proceeding under any bankruptcy or
insolvency laws by or against Borrower.

Creditor or Forfeiture Proceedings. Commencement of foreclosure or forfeiture
proceedings, whether by judicial proceeding, self-help, repossession or any
other method, by any creditor of Borrower, any creditor

<PAGE>


of any Grantor against any collateral securing the Indebtedness, or by any
governmental agency. This includes a garnishment, attachment, or levy on or of
any of Borrower's deposit accounts with Lender. However, this Event of Default
shall not apply if there is a good faith dispute by Borrower or Grantor, as the
case may be, as to the validity or reasonableness of the claim which is the
basis of the creditor or forfeiture proceeding, and if Borrower or Grantor gives
Lender written notice of the creditor or forfeiture proceeding and furnishes
reserves or a surety bond for the creditor or forfeiture proceeding satisfactory
to Lender.

Events Affecting Guarantor. Any of the preceding events occurs with respect to
any Guarantor of any of the Indebtedness or any Guarantor dies or becomes
incompetent, or revokes or disputes the validity of, or liability under, any
Guaranty of the Indebtedness. Lender, at its option, may, but shall not be
required to, permit the Guarantor's estate to assume unconditionally the
obligations arising under the guaranty in a manner satisfactory to Lender, and,
in doing so, cure the Event of Default.

Change In Ownership. Any change in ownership of twenty-five percent (25%) or
more of the common stock of Borrower.

Adverse Change. A material adverse change occurs in Borrower's financial
condition, or Lender believes the prospect of payment or performance of the
Indebtedness is impaired.

Insecurity. Lender, in good faith, deems itself insecure.

Right to Cure. If any default, other than a Default on Indebtedness, is curable
and if Borrower or Grantor, as the case may be, has not been given a notice of a
similar default within the preceding twelve (12) months, it may be cured (and no
Event of Default will have occurred) if Borrower or Grantor, as the case may be,
after receiving written notice from Lender demanding cure of such default: (a)
cures the default within fifteen (15) days; or (b) it the cure requires more
than fifteen (15) days, immediately initiates steps which Lender deems in
Lender's sole discretion to be sufficient to cure the default and thereafter
continues and completes all reasonable and necessary steps sufficient to produce
compliance as soon as reasonably practical.

EFFECT OF AN EVENT OF DEFAULT. If any Event of Default shall occur, except where
otherwise provided in this Agreement or the Related Documents, all commitments
and obligations of Lender under this Agreement or the Related Documents or any
other agreement immediately will terminate (including any obligation to make
Loan Advances or disbursements), and, at Lender's option, all Indebtedness
immediately will become due and payable, all without notice of any kind to
Borrower, except that in the case of an Event of Default of the type described
in the "Insolvency" subsection above, such acceleration shall be automatic and
not optional. In addition, Lender shall have all the rights and remedies
provided in the Related Documents or available at law, in equity, or otherwise.
Except as may be prohibited by applicable law, all of Lender's rights and
remedies shall be cumulative and may be exercised singularly or concurrently.
Election by Lender to pursue any remedy shall not exclude pursuit of any other
remedy, and an election to make expenditures or to take action to perform an
obligation of Borrower or of any Grantor shall not affect Lender's right to
declare a default and to exercise its rights and remedies.

MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS. The following miscellaneous provisions are a part of
this Agreement:

Amendments. This Agreement, together with any Related Documents, constitutes the
entire understanding and agreement of the parties as to the matters set forth in
this Agreement. No alteration of or amendment to this Agreement shall be
effective unless given in writing and signed by the party or parties sought to
be charged or bound by the alteration or amendment.

Applicable Law. This Agreement has been delivered to Lender and accepted by
Lender in the State of Minnesota. If there Is a lawsuit Borrower agrees upon
Lender's request to submit to the jurisdiction of the

<PAGE>


courts of HENNEPIN County, the State of Minnesota. This Agreement shall be
governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Minnesota.

Caption Headings. Caption headings in this Agreement are for convenience
purposes only and are not to be used to interpret or define the provisions of
this Agreement.

Consent to Loan Participation. Borrower agrees and consents to Lender's sale or
transfer, whether now or later, of one or more participation interests in the
Loans to one or more purchasers, whether related or unrelated to Lender. Lender
may provide, without any limitation whatsoever, to any one or more purchasers,
or potential purchasers, any information or knowledge Lender may have about
Borrower or about any other matter relating to the Loan, and Borrower hereby
waives any rights to privacy it may have with respect to such matters. Borrower
additionally waives any and all notices of sale of participation interests, as
well as all notices of any repurchase of such participation interests. Borrower
also agrees that the purchasers of any such participation interests will be
considered as the absolute owners of such interests in the Loans and will have
all the rights granted under the participation agreement or agreements governing
the sale of such participation interests. Borrower further waives all rights of
offset or counterclaim that it may have now or later against Lender or against
any purchaser of such a participation interest and unconditionally agrees that
either Lender or such purchaser may enforce Borrower's obligation under the
Loans irrespective of the failure or insolvency of any holder of any interest in
the Loans. Borrower further agrees that the purchaser of any such participation
interests may enforce its interests irrespective of any personal claims or
defenses that Borrower may have against Lender.

Costs and Expenses. Borrower agrees to pay upon demand all of Lender's expenses,
including without limitation attorneys' fees, incurred in connection with the
preparation, execution, enforcement, modification and collection of this
Agreement or in connection with the Loans made pursuant to this Agreement.
Lender may pay someone else to help collect the Loans and to enforce this
Agreement, and Borrower will pay that amount. This includes, subject to any
limits under applicable law, Lender's attorneys" fees and Lender's legal
expenses, whether or not there is a lawsuit, including attorneys' fees for
bankruptcy proceedings (including efforts to modify or vacate any automatic stay
or injunction), appeals, and any anticipated post1udgment collection services.
Borrower also will pay any court costs, in addition to all other sums provided
by law.

Notices. All notices required to be given under this Agreement shall be given in
writing, may be sent by telefascimile (unless otherwise required by law) and
shall be effective when actually delivered or when deposited with a nationally
recognized overnight courier or deposited in the United states mail, first
class, postage prepaid, addressed to the party to whom the notice is to be given
at the address shown above. Any party may change its address for notices under
this Agreement by giving formal written notice to the other parties, specifying
that the notice is to change the party's address. To the extent permitted by
applicable law, if there is more than one Borrower, notice to any Borrower will
constitute notice to all Borrowers. For notice purposes, Borrower will keep
Lender informed at all times of Borrowers current address(es)

Severability. If such court of competent jurisdiction finds any provision of
this Agreement to be invalid or unenforceable as to any person or circumstance,
such finding shall not render that provision invalid or unenforceable as to any
other persons or circumstances. If feasible, any such offending provision shall
be deemed to be modified to be within the limits of enforceability or validity;
however, if offending provision cannot be so modified, it shall be stricken and
all other provisions of this Agreement in all other respects shall remain valid
and enforceable.

Subsidiaries and Affiliates of Borrower. To the extent the context of any
provisions of this Agreement makes it appropriate, including without limitation
any representation, warranty or covenant, the word "Borrower" as used herein
shall include all subsidiaries and affiliates of Borrower. Notwithstanding the
foregoing however, under no circumstances shall this Agreement be construed to
require Lender to make any Loan or other financial accommodation to any
subsidiary or affiliate of Borrower.

<PAGE>


Successors and Assigns. All covenants and agreements contained by or on behalf
of Borrower shall bind its successors and assigns and shall inure to the benefit
of Lender, its successors and assigns. Borrower shall not, however, have the
right to assign its rights under this Agreement or any interest therein, without
the prior written consent of Lender.

Survival. All warranties, representations, and covenants made by Borrower in
this Agreement or in any certificate or other instrument delivered by Borrower
to Lender under this Agreement shall be considered to have been relied upon by
Lender and will survive the making of the Loan and delivery to Lender of the
Related Documents, regardless of any investigation made by Lender or on Lender's
behalf.

Time is of the Essence. Time is of the essence in the performance of this
Agreement.

Waiver. Lender shall not be deemed to have waived any rights under this
Agreement unless such waiver is given in writing and signed by Lender. No delay
or omission on the part of Lender in exercising any right shall operate as a
waiver of such right or any other right. A waiver by Lender of a provision of
this Agreement shall not prejudice or constitute a waiver of Lender's right
otherwise to demand strict compliance with that provision or any other provision
of this Agreement. No prior waiver by Lender, nor any course of dealing between
Lender and Borrower, or between Lender and any Grantor, shall constitute a
waiver of any of Lender's rights or of any obligations of Borrower or of any
Grantor as to any future transactions. Whenever the consent of Lender is
required under this Agreement, the granting of such consent by Lender in any
instance shall not constitute continuing consent in subsequent instances where
such consent is required, and in all cases such consent may be granted or
withheld in the sole discretion of Lender.

BORROWER ACKNOWLEDGES HAVING READ ALL THE PROVISIONS OF THIS LOAN AGREEMENT, AND
BORROWER AGREES TO ITS TERMS. THIS AGREEMENT IS DATED AS OF MAY 15,1998.

BORROWER:
ORPHAN MEDICINE INC.
By:
   -----------------------------
JOHN H. BULLION, CEO

LENDER:
RIVERSIDE BANK
By:
   -----------------------------
Authorized Officer