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[Congressional Bills 110th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 3274 Introduced in Senate (IS)]

  2d Session
                                S. 3274

To reauthorize the 21st Century Nanotechnology Research and Development 
                      Act, and for other purposes.

_______________________________________________________________________

                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                             July 16, 2008

Mr. Kerry (for himself, Ms. Snowe, Mr. Inouye, Mr. Stevens, Mr. Pryor, 
Mr. Smith, and Mr. Wyden) introduced the following bill; which was read 
     twice and referred to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
                             Transportation

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL

 
To reauthorize the 21st Century Nanotechnology Research and Development 
                      Act, and for other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``National Nanotechnology Initiative 
Amendments Act of 2008''.
    (b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents for this Act is as 
follows:

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.
Sec. 2. Enhancements to National Nanotechnology Program.
Sec. 3. Enhancements to National Nanotechnology Program coordination.
Sec. 4. Enhancement of National Nanotechnology Advisory Panel.
Sec. 5. Triennial external review of National Nanotechnology Program.
Sec. 6. Societal dimensions of nanotechnology.
Sec. 7. Transfer of nanotechnology.
Sec. 8. Research in areas of national importance.
Sec. 9. Nanomanufacturing research.
Sec. 10. Nanoscale characterization and metrology.
Sec. 11. GAO study of nanotechnology related codes, standards, and 
                            regulations.
Sec. 12. Public outreach.
Sec. 13. Amendments to definitions.

SEC. 2. ENHANCEMENTS TO NATIONAL NANOTECHNOLOGY PROGRAM.

    (a) Expansion of Program Scope.--Section 2(a) of the 21st Century 
Nanotechnology Research and Development Act (15 U.S.C. 7501(a)) is 
amended--
            (1) in paragraph (2), by striking the ``and'' at the end;
            (2) in paragraph (3), by striking the period at the end and 
        inserting ``; and''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(4) sponsor nanotechnology education and workforce 
        development programs to prepare scientists, engineers, and 
        technicians to work in nanotechnology;
            ``(5) support the development of standard reference 
        materials and instrumentation, metrology, and computational 
        tools necessary to measure, characterize, and predict the 
        properties of nanoscale materials;
            ``(6) participate in national and international 
        organizations developing trade, commercialization, and 
        regulatory guidelines, plans, and standards for the safe use of 
        nanotechnology;
            ``(7) establish and sustain the infrastructure, tools, and 
        instruments to provide cost effective state-of-the-art 
        measurement, characterization, manipulation, and simulations 
        capabilities; and
            ``(8) utilize the perspectives of the industrial community 
        to promote the rapid commercial development of nanoscale-
        enabled devices, systems, and technologies.''.
    (b) Addition of Program Activities.--
            (1) In general.--Section 2(b) of such Act (15 U.S.C. 
        7501(b)) is amended--
                    (A) by redesignating paragraphs (3) through (11) as 
                paragraphs (4) through (12), respectively; and
                    (B) by inserting after paragraph (2) the following:
            ``(3) issuing guidance each year to the agencies 
        participating in the Program that--
                    ``(A) prioritizes the Program's research 
                initiatives;
                    ``(B) documents the benefit of the research to the 
                United States; and
                    ``(C) describes a clear strategy for transitioning 
                the research into commercial products and 
                technologies;''.
            (2) Conforming amendments.--(A) Section 2(c) of such Act 
        (15 U.S.C. 7501(c)) is amended--
                    (i) in paragraph (7), by striking ``stated in 
                subsection (b)(7)'' and inserting ``stated in 
                subsection (b)(9)''; and
                    (ii) in paragraph (10), by striking ``pursuant to 
                subsection (b)(10)(D)'' and inserting ``pursuant to 
                subsection (b)(12)(D)''.
            (B) Section 2(d) of such Act (15 U.S.C. 7501(d)) is amended 
        in paragraphs (1) and (2), by striking ``pursuant to subsection 
        (b)(10)'' each place it occurs and inserting ``pursuant to 
        subsection (b)(12)''.
            (C) Section 7(a)(1) of such Act (15 U.S.C. 7506(a)(1)) is 
        amended by striking ``under section 2(b)(7)'' and inserting 
        ``under section 2(b)(9)''.
    (c) Enhancement of Program Management.--
            (1) Triennial strategic plan.--Section 2(c) of such Act (15 
        U.S.C. 7501(c)) is amended by striking paragraph (4) and 
        inserting the following:
            ``(4) develop, not later than 1 year after the date of the 
        enactment of the National Nanotechnology Initiative Amendments 
        Act of 2008, and update every 3 years thereafter, a strategic 
        plan to guide the Program activities described under subsection 
        (b) that--
                    ``(A) specifies--
                            ``(i) near-term and long-term objectives 
                        for the Program;
                            ``(ii) the anticipated time frame for 
                        achieving the near-term objectives; and
                            ``(iii) the metrics to be used for 
                        assessing progress toward the objectives; and
                    ``(B) describes--
                            ``(i) how the Program will move results out 
                        of the laboratory and into applications for the 
                        benefit of society, including through 
                        cooperation and collaboration with 
                        nanotechnology research, development, and 
                        technology transition initiatives supported by 
                        the States;
                            ``(ii) how the Program will encourage and 
                        support interdisciplinary research and 
                        development in nanotechnology; and
                            ``(iii) proposed research in areas of 
                        national importance in accordance with the 
                        requirements of section 12;''.
            (2) Joint interagency solicitations.--Such section 2(c) is 
        further amended--
                    (A) in paragraph (9), by striking ``and'' at the 
                end;
                    (B) by redesignating paragraph (10) as paragraph 
                (11);
                    (C) by inserting after paragraph (9) the following:
            ``(10) encourage joint interagency solicitation of grant 
        applications in high-priority multi-disciplinary research 
        areas, including--
                    ``(A) instrumentation and metrology equipment to 
                detect, measure, and characterize nanomaterials;
                    ``(B) chemical, biological, and nuclear sensor 
                technology for defense and homeland security 
                applications;
                    ``(C) sustainable energy, environment, water and 
                agriculture;
                    ``(D) simulation and modeling; and
                    ``(E) manufacturing of complex systems at the 
                nanoscale.''; and
                    (D) in paragraph (11), as redesignated by 
                subparagraph (B), by striking ``through (9)'' and 
                inserting ``through (10)''.
    (d) Expansion of Annual Report of the National Science and 
Technology Council.--Section 2(d) of such Act (15 U.S.C. 7501(d)) is 
amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1), by inserting ``and the previous 
        fiscal year'' after ``current fiscal year'';
            (2) in paragraph (4), by striking ``and'';
            (3) in paragraph (5), by striking the period at the end and 
        inserting ``; and''; and
            (4) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(6) the research plan required by section 10(b)(1) and 
        updated under section 10(b)(5); and
            ``(7) a description of research and development areas 
        supported in accordance with section 12, including--
                    ``(A) the budget for such areas for the current and 
                previous fiscal year; and
                    ``(B) the budget for such areas for the next fiscal 
                year.''.
    (e) Support of Standards Setting Activities.--Section 2 of such Act 
(15 U.S.C. 7501) is amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(e) Standards Setting.--
            ``(1) In general.--The agencies participating in the 
        Program shall support the activities of the committees of 
        standards setting bodies involved in the development of 
        standards for nanotechnology.
            ``(2) Reimbursement of travel costs.--The agencies 
        participating in the Program may reimburse the travel costs of 
        scientists and engineers who participate in the activities 
        described in paragraph (1).'';

SEC. 3. ENHANCEMENTS TO NATIONAL NANOTECHNOLOGY PROGRAM COORDINATION.

    (a) Modifications to Funding of National Nanotechnology 
Coordination Office.--Section 3(b) of the 21st Century Nanotechnology 
Research and Development Act (15 U.S.C. 7502(b)) is amended to read as 
follows:
    ``(b) Funding.--The operation of the National Nanotechnology 
Coordination Office shall be supported by funds from each agency 
participating in the Program. The portion of the total budget of the 
Office provided by each agency for each fiscal year shall be in the 
same proportion as the agency's share of the total budget for the 
Program for the previous fiscal year, as specified in the report 
required under section 2(d)(1).''.
    (b) Annual Report on Funding of the National Nanotechnology 
Coordination Office.--Section 3 of such Act (15 U.S.C. 7502) is amended 
by striking subsection (c) and inserting the following:
    ``(c) Annual Report.--The Council shall submit to the Committee on 
Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate and the Committee 
on Science and Technology of the House of Representatives each year, 
together with documents submitted to Congress in support of the budget 
of the President for the fiscal year beginning in such year (as 
submitted pursuant to section 1105 of title 31, United States Code), a 
report containing the following:
            ``(1) A description of the funding required by the National 
        Nanotechnology Coordination Office to perform the functions 
        specified in subsection (a) for the next fiscal year set forth 
        by category of activity, including the funding required to 
        carry out the requirements of--
                    ``(A) section 2(b)(12)(D);
                    ``(B) subsection (d) of this section; and
                    ``(C) section 5.
            ``(2) A description of the funding required by such Office 
        to perform the functions specified in subsection (a) for the 
        current fiscal year set forth by category of activity, 
        including the funding required to carry out the requirements of 
        subsection (d).
            ``(3) The amount of funding provided for such Office for 
        the current fiscal year set forth by each agency participating 
        in the Program.''.
    (c) Public Information.--Such section is further amended by adding 
at the end the following:
    ``(d) Public Information.--
            ``(1) Database.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Director of the National 
                Nanotechnology Coordination Office shall develop and 
                maintain a database of projects funded under any of the 
                following:
                            ``(i) The Environmental, Health, and Safety 
                        program component areas.
                            ``(ii) The Education and Societal 
                        Dimensions program component areas.
                            ``(iii) The Nanomanufacturing program 
                        component areas.
                            ``(iv) Any successor program component 
                        areas.
                    ``(B) Database contents.--The database required by 
                subparagraph (A) shall include the following, with 
                respect to each project in the database:
                            ``(i) A description of the project.
                            ``(ii) The source of funding of the 
                        project, set forth by agency.
                            ``(iii) The funding history of the project.
                    ``(C) Grouping of projects in the environmental, 
                health, and safety program component area.--For 
                projects in the Environmental, Health, and Safety 
                program component area, or any successor program 
                component area, projects shall be grouped in the 
                database by major objective as specified in the 
                research plan required by section 10(b)(1).
                    ``(D) Grouping of projects in the education and 
                societal dimensions program component area.--For 
                projects in the Education and Societal Dimensions 
                program component area, or any successor program 
                component area, the projects shall be grouped in the 
                database in the following categories:
                            ``(i) Education in formal settings.
                            ``(ii) Education in informal settings.
                            ``(iii) Public outreach.
                            ``(iv) Ethical, legal, and other societal 
                        issues.
                    ``(E) Accessibility.--The Director shall make the 
                database required by subparagraph (A) accessible to the 
                public.
            ``(2) Information on nanotechnology facilities.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Director of the National 
                Nanotechnology Coordination Office--
                            ``(i) shall develop, maintain, and 
                        publicize information on nanotechnology 
                        facilities supported under the Program that are 
                        accessible for use by individuals from academic 
                        institutions and from industry; and
                            ``(ii) may include information on 
                        nanotechnology facilities that are--
                                    ``(I) supported by the States; and
                                    ``(II) accessible for use by 
                                individuals from academic institutions 
                                and from industry.
                    ``(B) Information to be publicized.--The 
                information developed, maintained, and publicized under 
                subparagraph (A) shall include the following:
                            ``(i) The terms and conditions for the use 
                        of each nanotechnology facility supported under 
                        the Program.
                            ``(ii) A description of the capabilities of 
                        the instruments and equipment available for use 
                        at the facility.
                            ``(iii) A description of the technical 
                        support available to assist users of the 
                        facility.''.

SEC. 4. ENHANCEMENT OF NATIONAL NANOTECHNOLOGY ADVISORY PANEL.

    (a) Establishment of Subpanel on Societal, Ethical, Legal, 
Environmental, and Workforce Concerns.--Section 4(a) of the 21st 
Century Nanotechnology Research and Development Act (15 U.S.C. 7503(a)) 
is amended--
            (1) by striking ``or designate'';
            (2) by inserting ``as a distinct entity'' after ``Advisory 
        Panel''; and
            (3) by inserting ``(1) Establishment of advisory panel.--'' 
        before ``The President shall'' and indenting paragraph (1) as 
        so designated 2 ems to the right; and
            (4) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(2) Establishment of subpanel on societal, ethical, 
        legal, environmental, and workforce concerns.--The Advisory 
        Panel shall establish a subpanel with membership having 
        specific qualifications tailored to enable it to carry out the 
        requirements of subsection (c)(7).''.
    (b) Representation of Minority-Serving Institutions.--Section 4(b) 
of such Act (15 U.S.C. 7503(b)) is amended--
            (1) by designating the first, second, and third sentences 
        as paragraphs (1), (2), and (3), respectively, and indenting 
        such paragraphs, as so designated, 2 ems to the right;
            (2) in paragraph (1), as so designated by paragraph (1) of 
        this subsection--
                    (A) by striking ``or designated''; and
                    (B) by inserting ``Membership from academic 
                institutions and industry.--'' before ``The Advisory 
                Panel'';
            (3) in paragraph (2), as so designated by paragraph (1) of 
        this subsection, by inserting ``Qualified to provide advice.--
        '' before ``Members of'';
            (4) in paragraph (3), as so designated by paragraph (1) of 
        this subsection--
                    (A) by striking ``or designating''; and
                    (B) by inserting ``Seeking recommendations.--'' 
                before ``In selecting''; and
            (5) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(4) Representation of minority-serving institutions.--At 
        least one member of the Advisory Panel shall be an individual 
        employed by and representing a minority-serving institution.''.

SEC. 5. TRIENNIAL EXTERNAL REVIEW OF NATIONAL NANOTECHNOLOGY PROGRAM.

    Section 5 of the 21st Century Nanotechnology Research and 
Development Act (15 U.S.C. 7504) is amended to read as follows:

``SEC. 5. TRIENNIAL EXTERNAL REVIEW OF THE NATIONAL NANOTECHNOLOGY 
              PROGRAM.

    ``(a) In General.--The Director of the National Nanotechnology 
Coordination Office established under section 3(a) shall enter into an 
arrangement with the National Research Council of the National Academy 
of Sciences to conduct a triennial review of the Program. The Director 
shall ensure that each triennial review is carried out and concluded in 
such a manner as to allow sufficient time for the reporting 
requirements of subsection (c) to be satisfied.
    ``(b) Matters Evaluated.--Each triennial review conducted under 
subsection (a) shall include an evaluation of the following:
            ``(1) The research priorities and technical content of the 
        Program, including whether the allocation of funding among 
        program component areas, as designated according to section 
        2(c)(2), is appropriate.
            ``(2) The effectiveness of the Program's management and 
        coordination across agencies and disciplines, including an 
        assessment of the effectiveness of the National Nanotechnology 
        Coordination Office.
            ``(3) The scientific and technological accomplishments of 
        the Program and the success of the Program in transferring 
        technology to the private sector.
            ``(4) The adequacy of the activities of the Program in 
        addressing ethical, legal, environmental, and other appropriate 
        societal concerns, including human health concerns.
            ``(5) The worldwide investment in and activities related to 
        nanotechnology and an analysis of the relative position of the 
        United States compared to other countries with respect to 
        nanotechnology research and development.
    ``(c) Triennial Reports.--
            ``(1) In general.--Not later than September 30, 2009, and 
        every 3 years thereafter, the Director of the National 
        Nanotechnology Coordination Office shall submit to the Advisory 
        Panel, the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation 
        of the Senate, and the Committee on Science and Technology of 
        the House of Representatives a report prepared by the National 
        Research Council on the most recent triennial review carried 
        out under subsection (a).
            ``(2) Contents.--Each report required by paragraph (1) 
        shall include the following:
                    ``(A) The findings of the National Research Council 
                with respect to the matters described in subsection 
                (b).
                    ``(B) The recommendations of the Director of the 
                National Nanotechnology Coordination Office, if any--
                            ``(i) on ways to improve the management and 
                        coordination processes of the Program; and
                            ``(ii) for changes to the objectives, 
                        funding priorities, and technical content of 
                        the Program.
    ``(d) Funding.--Of the amounts provided in accordance with section 
3(b), the following amounts shall be available to carry out this 
section:
            ``(1) $500,000 for fiscal year 2009.
            ``(2) $500,000 for fiscal year 2010.
            ``(3) $500,000 for fiscal year 2011.''.

SEC. 6. SOCIETAL DIMENSIONS OF NANOTECHNOLOGY.

    (a) In General.--The 21st Century Nanotechnology Research and 
Development Act (15 U.S.C. 7501 et seq.) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating section 10 as section 15;
            (2) by inserting after section 9 the following:

``SEC. 10. SOCIETAL DIMENSIONS OF NANOTECHNOLOGY.

    ``(a) Coordinator for Societal Dimensions of Nanotechnology.--
            ``(1) Designation.--The Director of the Office of Science 
        and Technology Policy shall designate an associate director of 
        the Office of Science and Technology Policy as the Coordinator 
        for Societal Dimensions of Nanotechnology.
            ``(2) Duties.--The duties of the Coordinator for Societal 
        Dimensions of Nanotechnology are as follows:
                    ``(A) Providing oversight of the coordination, 
                planning, and budget prioritization of activities 
                required by section 2(b)(12).
                    ``(B) With the assistance of appropriate senior 
                officials of the agencies funding activities within the 
                Environmental, Health, and Safety program component 
                area and the Education and Societal Dimensions program 
                component area, or any successor program component 
                areas, ensuring that the requirements of section 
                2(b)(12) are satisfied.
                    ``(C) Ensuring that the research plan required 
                under subsection (b)(1) is--
                            ``(i) developed, updated, and implemented 
                        as required thereunder; and
                            ``(ii) responsive to the recommendations of 
                        the subpanel established under section 4(a)(2).
                    ``(D) Encouraging and monitoring the efforts of the 
                agencies participating in the Program to allocate the 
                level of resources and management attention necessary 
                to ensure that the ethical, legal, environmental, and 
                other appropriate societal concerns related to 
                nanotechnology, including human health and workplace 
                safety concerns, are addressed under the Program, 
                including the implementation of the research plan 
                required under subsection (b)(1).
                    ``(E) Encouraging the agencies required to develop 
                the research plan under subsection (b) to identify, 
                assess, and implement suitable mechanisms for the 
                establishment of public-private partnerships for 
                support of environmental, health, and safety research.
    ``(b) Research Plan.--
            ``(1) In general.--
                    ``(A) Panel convened and plan required.--Not later 
                than 60 days after the date of the enactment of this 
                section, the Coordinator for Societal Dimensions of 
                Nanotechnology designated under subsection (a)(1) shall 
                convene and chair a panel to develop, periodically 
                update, and coordinate the implementation of a research 
                plan for the Environmental, Health, and Safety program 
                component area, or any successor program component 
                area.
                    ``(B) Membership.--The panel convened under 
                subparagraph (A) shall be comprised of representatives 
                from--
                            ``(i) the agencies funding research 
                        activities under the program component area 
                        described in such subparagraph; and
                            ``(ii) such other agencies as the 
                        Coordinator considers necessary.
                    ``(C) Solicitation of advice.--In developing and 
                updating the plan required by subparagraph (A), the 
                panel convened under such subparagraph shall solicit 
                and be responsive to recommendations and advice from--
                            ``(i) the subpanel established under 
                        section 4(a)(2); and
                            ``(ii) the agencies responsible for 
                        environmental, health, and safety regulations 
                        associated with the production, use, and 
                        disposal of nanoscale materials and products.
            ``(2) Development of standards.--The plan required by 
        paragraph (1) shall include a description of how the Program 
        will help to ensure the development of the following:
                    ``(A) Standards related to nomenclature associated 
                with engineered nanoscale materials.
                    ``(B) Engineered nanoscale standard reference 
                materials for environmental, health, and safety 
                testing.
                    ``(C) Instruments required to fill major gaps in 
                metrology capabilities.
                    ``(D) Standards related to methods and procedures 
                for detecting, measuring, monitoring, sampling, and 
                testing engineered nanoscale materials for 
                environmental, health, and safety impacts.
            ``(3) Components of plan.--The plan required under 
        paragraph (1) shall--
                    ``(A) specify near-term research objectives and 
                long-term research objectives;
                    ``(B) specify milestones associated with each near-
                term objective and the estimated time and resources 
                required to reach each milestone;
                    ``(C) with respect to subparagraphs (A) and (B), 
                describe the role of each agency carrying out or 
                sponsoring research in order to meet the objectives 
                specified under subparagraph (A) and to achieve the 
                milestones specified under subparagraph (B);
                    ``(D) specify the funding allocated to each major 
                objective of the plan and the source of funding by 
                agency for the current fiscal year; and
                    ``(E) estimate the funding required for each major 
                objective of the plan and the source of funding by 
                agency for the following 3 fiscal years.
            ``(4) Incorporation of recommendations of advisory panel.--
        The Coordinator for Societal Dimensions of Nanotechnology 
        designated under subsection (a)(1) and the panel convened under 
        paragraph (1)(A) of this subsection shall incorporate any 
        recommendations of the Advisory panel under subsection (g)(2) 
        into the planning activity required under this subsection and 
        provide the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation 
        of the Senate and the Committee on Science and Technology of 
        the House of Representatives justification should the funding 
        in the research plan not meet such recommendations.
            ``(5) Submittal of initial plan to congress.--Not later 
        than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this section, 
        the Coordinator for Societal Dimensions of Nanotechnology 
        designated under subsection (a)(1) shall submit to the 
        Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the 
        Senate and the Committee on Science and Technology of the House 
        of Representatives the initial plan required by paragraph (1).
            ``(6) Annual update of plan.--Each year, the panel convened 
        under paragraph (1) shall update the plan required under such 
        paragraph and submit the plan to the Council for inclusion in 
        the annual report of the Council required by section 2(d).
    ``(c) Undergraduate Education Programs.--
            ``(1) Activities supported.--As part of the activities 
        included under the Education and Societal Dimensions program 
        component area, or any successor program component area, the 
        Program shall support efforts to introduce nanoscale science, 
        engineering, and technology into undergraduate science and 
        engineering education through a variety of interdisciplinary 
        approaches. Activities supported may include the following:
                    ``(A) The development of courses of instruction or 
                modules to existing courses.
                    ``(B) Faculty professional development.
                    ``(C) The acquisition of equipment and 
                instrumentation suitable for undergraduate education 
                and research in nanotechnology.
            ``(2) Authorization of appropriations.--There are 
        authorized to be appropriated to the Director of the National 
        Science Foundation to carry out activities described in 
        paragraph (1), amounts as follows:
                    ``(A) Course, curriculum, and laboratory 
                improvement program.--Through the Course, Curriculum, 
                and Laboratory Improvement program of the National 
                Science Foundation--
                            ``(i) from amounts authorized under section 
                        7002(b)(2)(B) of the America COMPETES Act 
                        (Public Law 110-69), $5,000,000 for fiscal year 
                        2009; and
                            ``(ii) from amounts authorized under 
                        section 7002(c)(2)(B) of such Act, $5,000,000 
                        for fiscal year 2010.
                    ``(B) Advanced technology education.--Through the 
                Advanced Technology Education program of the National 
                Science Foundation--
                            ``(i) from amounts authorized under section 
                        7002(b)(2)(B) of the America COMPETES Act 
                        (Public Law 110-69), $5,000,000 for fiscal year 
                        2009; and
                            ``(ii) from amounts authorized under 
                        section 7002(c)(2)(B) of such Act, $5,000,000 
                        for fiscal year 2010.
    ``(d) Interagency Working Group.--The Council shall establish an 
Education Working Group under the Nanoscale Science, Engineering, and 
Technology Subcommittee of the Council to coordinate, prioritize, and 
plan the educational activities supported under the Program.
    ``(e) Societal Dimensions in Nanotechnology Education Activities.--
Activities supported under the Education and Societal Dimensions 
program component area, or any successor program component area, that 
involve informal, precollege, or undergraduate nanotechnology education 
shall include education regarding the environmental, health and safety, 
and other societal aspects of nanotechnology.
    ``(f) Remote Access to Nanotechnology Facilities.--
            ``(1) In general.--Agencies supporting nanotechnology 
        research facilities as part of the Program shall require the 
        entities that operate such facilities to allow access via the 
        Internet by secondary school students and teachers to 
        instruments and equipment within such facilities for 
        educational purposes and to informal science educators for 
        science enrichment opportunities and public education purposes.
            ``(2) Support.--The agencies described in paragraph (1) 
        shall support the costs associated with the provision of such 
        access to facilities described in such paragraph.
            ``(3) Waiver.--The agencies described in paragraph (1) may 
        waive the requirement of paragraph (1) in cases when--
                    ``(A) use of particular facilities would be 
                inappropriate for educational purposes; or
                    ``(B) the costs for providing the access to 
                facilities as described in paragraph (1) would be 
                prohibitive.
            ``(4) Establishment and publication of procedures, 
        guidelines, and conditions for use of facilities.--The agencies 
        identified in paragraph (1) shall require the entities that 
        operate nanotechnology research facilities that are supported 
        by such agencies as part of the Program to establish and 
        publish procedures, guidelines, and conditions for the 
        submission and approval of applications for the use of such 
        facilities for the purpose identified in paragraph (1).
            ``(5) Technical support.--The agencies identified in 
        paragraph (1) shall authorize personnel who operate the 
        facilities described in such paragraph to provide necessary 
        technical support to students and teachers who use such 
        facilities.
    ``(g) Advisory Panel Review of Environmental, Health, and Safety 
Program Component Area.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Advisory Panel shall periodically 
        review the funding level of the Environmental, Health, and 
        Safety program component area, or any successor program 
        component area, relative to the overall budget of the Program 
        to determine whether the amount dedicated to this area is 
        sufficient to address the research funding needs as estimated 
        in the research plan required by subsection (b).
            ``(2) Recommendations.--If the Advisory Panel determines 
        under paragraph (1) that the amount described in such paragraph 
        is insufficient or excessive, the Advisory Panel shall submit 
        to the Coordinator for Societal Dimensions of Nanotechnology a 
        recommendation for an appropriate level of funding for the 
        Environmental, Health, and Safety program component area, or 
        any successor program component area.''; and
            (3) in section 4(d), by adding at the end the following: 
        ``Such report shall include the findings of the Advisory Panel 
        with respect to the most recent review required by section 
        10(g)(1) and any recommendations of the Advisory Panel under 
        section 10(g)(2).''.
    (b) Nanotechnology Education Partnerships.--Section 9 of the 
National Science Foundation Authorization Act of 2002 (42 U.S.C. 1862n) 
is amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(e) Nanotechnology Education Partnerships.--
            ``(1) Establishment.--
                    ``(A) In general.--As part of the program 
                authorized by subsection (a), the Director shall 
                provide 1 or more grants under such subsection to 
                establish partnerships described in paragraph (2) of 
                such subsection, except that each such partnership 
                shall include 1 or more businesses engaged in the 
                production of nanoscale materials, products, or 
                devices.
                    ``(B) Designation.--A partnership established in 
                accordance with subparagraph (A) shall be designated as 
                a `Nanotechnology Education Partnership'.
            ``(2) Purpose.--The purpose of a Nanotechnology Education 
        Partnership is to recruit and help prepare secondary school 
        students to pursue postsecondary level courses of instruction 
        in nanotechnology and assist secondary institution and informal 
        learning centers with outreach programs directed at secondary 
        students.
            ``(3) Use of grant funds.--Notwithstanding subsection 
        (a)(3), each entity receiving a grant under this subsection 
        shall use the grant for the purposes described in paragraph 
        (2), including to support the following:
                    ``(A) Professional development activities to enable 
                secondary school teachers to use curricular materials 
                incorporating nanotechnology and to inform teachers 
                about career possibilities for students in 
                nanotechnology.
                    ``(B) Enrichment programs for students, including 
                access to nanotechnology facilities and equipment at 
                partner institutions, to increase their understanding 
                of nanoscale science and technology and to inform them 
                about career possibilities in nanotechnology as 
                scientists, engineers, and technicians.
                    ``(C) Identification of appropriate nanotechnology 
                educational materials and incorporation of 
                nanotechnology into the curriculum for secondary school 
                students at one or more organizations participating in 
                a Nanotechnology Education Partnership.
            ``(4) Selection of grant recipients.--Grants under this 
        subsection shall be awarded in accordance with subsection (b), 
        except that paragraph (3)(B) of such subsection shall not apply 
        to grants awarded under this subsection.
            ``(5) Nanotechnology defined.--In this subsection, the term 
        `nanotechnology' has the meaning given the term in section 15 
        of the 21st Century Nanotechnology Research and Development 
        Act.''.

SEC. 7. TRANSFER OF NANOTECHNOLOGY.

    (a) In General.--The 21st Century Nanotechnology Research and 
Development Act (15 U.S.C. 7501 et seq.) is amended by inserting after 
section 10, as added by section 6(a)(2) of this Act, the following:

``SEC. 11. TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER.

    ``(a) Prototyping.--
            ``(1) Access to facilities.--In accordance with section 
        2(b)(9), the agencies supporting nanotechnology research 
        facilities as part of the Program shall provide access to such 
        facilities to companies for the purpose of assisting the 
        companies in the development of prototypes of nanoscale 
        products, devices, or processes (or products, devices, or 
        processes enabled by nanotechnology) for determining proof of 
        concept.
            ``(2) Publication of availability.--The agencies described 
        in paragraph (1) shall publicize the availability of the 
        facilities described in such paragraph and encourage their use 
        by companies as provided for in this section.
            ``(3) Procedures.--The agencies described in paragraph 
        (1)--
                    ``(A) shall establish and publish procedures, 
                guidelines, and conditions for the submission and 
                approval of applications for use of nanotechnology 
                facilities;
                    ``(B) shall publish descriptions of the 
                capabilities of facilities available for use under this 
                subsection, including the availability of technical 
                support; and
                    ``(C) may waive recovery, require full recovery, or 
                require partial recovery of the costs associated with 
                use of the facilities for projects under this 
                subsection.
            ``(4) Selection and criteria.--In cases when less than full 
        cost recovery is required pursuant to paragraph (3)(C), 
        projects provided access to nanotechnology facilities in 
        accordance with this subsection shall be selected through a 
        competitive, merit-based process, and the criteria for the 
        selection of such projects shall include the following:
                    ``(A) The readiness of the project for technology 
                demonstration.
                    ``(B) Evidence of a commitment by the applicant for 
                further development of the project to full 
                commercialization if the proof of concept is 
                established by the prototype.
                    ``(C) Evidence of the potential for further funding 
                from private sector sources following the successful 
                demonstration of proof of concept.
            ``(5) Special consideration for projects relevant to 
        important national needs.--In selecting projects under 
        paragraph (4), the agencies described in paragraph (1) may give 
        special consideration to applications that are relevant to 
        important national needs or requirements.
    ``(b) Use of Existing Technology Transfer Programs.--Each agency 
participating in the Program shall--
            ``(1) if the agency administers a Small Business Innovation 
        Research Program or a Small Business Technology Transfer 
        Program, encourage the submission of applications for support 
        of nanotechnology related projects to such programs; and
            ``(2) through the National Nanotechnology Coordination 
        Office established under section 3(a) and not later than 180 
        days after the date of the enactment of this section, submit to 
        the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the 
        Senate and the Committee on Science and Technology of the House 
        of Representatives--
                    ``(A) the plan described in section 2(c)(7); and
                    ``(B) a report specifying, if the agency 
                administers a Small Business Innovation Research 
                Program and a Small Business Technology Transfer 
                Program--
                            ``(i) the number of proposals received for 
                        nanotechnology related projects during the 
                        current fiscal year and the previous 2 fiscal 
                        years;
                            ``(ii) the number of such proposals funded 
                        in each year;
                            ``(iii) the total number of nanotechnology 
                        related projects funded and the amount of 
                        funding provided for fiscal year 2003 through 
                        fiscal year 2007; and
                            ``(iv) a description of the projects 
                        identified in accordance with clause (iii) 
                        which received private sector funding beyond 
                        the period of phase II support of the Small 
                        Business Innovation Research Program and the 
                        Small Business Technology Transfer Program.
    ``(c) Industry Liaison Groups.--An objective of the Program shall 
be to establish industry liaison groups for all industry sectors that 
would benefit from applications of nanotechnology. The 
Nanomanufacturing, Industry Liaison, and Innovation Working Group of 
the National Science and Technology Council shall actively pursue 
establishing such liaison groups.''.
    (b) Technology Innovation Program Support for Nanotechnology.--
Section 28 of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Act 
(15 U.S.C. 278n) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (d)--
                    (A) by striking ``The Director'' and inserting the 
                following:
            ``(1) In general.--The Director''; and
                    (B) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(2) Solicitation of nanotechnology proposals.--The 
        Director shall encourage the submission of proposals under 
        paragraph (1) for support of nanotechnology related 
        projects.'';
            (2) in subsection (g)--
                    (A) by striking ``The Director'' and inserting the 
                following:
            ``(1) In general.--The Director''; and
                    (B) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(2) Nanotechnology report requirements.--The report 
        required by paragraph (1) shall include a description of--
                    ``(A) how the requirement of subsection (d)(2) is 
                being met;
                    ``(B) the number of proposals for nanotechnology 
                related projects received;
                    ``(C) the number of such proposals funded;
                    ``(D) the total number of such projects funded 
                since the beginning of the Technology Innovation 
                Program; and
                    ``(E) the outcomes of such funded projects in terms 
                of the metrics described in paragraph (1).'';
            (3) in subsection (k)(3)--
                    (A) in subparagraph (C), by striking ``and''; and
                    (B) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(E) advice on how to accomplish the requirement 
                of subsection (d)(2); and
                    ``(F) an assessment of the adequacy of the 
                allocation of resources for nanotechnology related 
                projects supported under the Technology Innovation 
                Program.''; and
            (4) in subsection (l)--
                    (A) in paragraph (4)(B), by striking the ``and'' at 
                the end;
                    (B) in paragraph (5), by striking the period at the 
                end and inserting ``; and''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(6) the term `nanotechnology' has the meaning given the 
        term in section 15 of the 21st Century Nanotechnology Research 
        and Development Act.''.
    (c) Coordination With State Initiatives.--Section 2(b)(7) of the 
21st Century Nanotechnology Research and Development Act, as 
redesignated by section 2(b)(1)(A) of this Act, is amended to read as 
follows:
            ``(7) ensuring United States global leadership in the 
        development and application of nanotechnology, including 
        through coordination and leveraging Federal investments with 
        nanotechnology research, development, and technology transition 
        initiatives supported by the States;''.

SEC. 8. RESEARCH IN AREAS OF NATIONAL IMPORTANCE.

    The 21st Century Nanotechnology Research and Development Act (15 
U.S.C. 7501 et seq.) is amended by inserting after section 11, as added 
by section 7(a) of this Act, the following:

``SEC. 12. RESEARCH IN AREAS OF NATIONAL IMPORTANCE.

    ``(a) In General.--The Program shall include support for 
nanotechnology research and development activities directed toward 
application areas that have the potential for significant contributions 
to national economic competitiveness and for other significant societal 
benefits. The activities supported shall be designed to advance the 
development of research discoveries by demonstrating technical 
solutions to important problems in areas such as the following:
            ``(1) Nano-electronics.
            ``(2) Energy production, storage, and efficiency, including 
        renewable energy.
            ``(3) Health care.
            ``(4) Water remediation and purification.
            ``(5) Instrumentation for nanoscale characterization and 
        metrology.
            ``(6) Rapid production nanomanufacturing for information 
        and intelligence, including cost-effective, green, and safe 
        nanomaterial manufacturing methods.
            ``(7) Precision agriculture.
            ``(8) Sensors and sensor networks for defense and homeland 
        security.
    ``(b) Recommendations.--The Advisory Panel shall make 
recommendations to the Program for candidate research and development 
areas for support under this section.
    ``(c) Characteristics.--
            ``(1) In general.--Research and development activities 
        under this section shall--
                    ``(A) include projects selected on the basis of 
                applications for support through a competitive, merit-
                based process;
                    ``(B) involve collaborations among researchers in 
                academic institutions and industry, and may involve 
                nonprofit research institutions and Federal and 
                National laboratories, as appropriate;
                    ``(C) when possible, leverage Federal investments 
                through collaboration with related State initiatives; 
                and
                    ``(D) include a plan for fostering the transfer of 
                research discoveries and the results of technology 
                demonstration activities to industry for commercial 
                development.
            ``(2) Procedures.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Determination of the 
                requirements for applications under this subsection, 
                review and selection of applications for support, and 
                subsequent funding of projects shall be carried out by 
                a collaboration of no fewer than 2 agencies 
                participating in the Program.
                    ``(B) Special consideration.--In selecting 
                applications for support, the agencies shall give 
                special consideration to projects that include cost 
                sharing from non-Federal sources.
            ``(3) Interdisciplinary research centers.--Research and 
        development activities under this section may be supported 
        through interdisciplinary nanotechnology research centers, as 
        authorized by section 2(b)(6), that are organized to 
        investigate basic research questions and carry out technology 
        demonstration activities in areas such as those identified 
        under subsection (b).''.

SEC. 9. NANOMANUFACTURING RESEARCH.

    (a) In General.--The 21st Century Nanotechnology Research and 
Development Act (15 U.S.C. 7501 et seq.) is amended by inserting after 
section 12, as added by section 8 of this Act, the following:

``SEC. 13. NANOMANUFACTURING RESEARCH.

    ``(a) Research Areas.--The Nanomanufacturing component area of the 
Program, or any successor component area, shall include research on the 
following:
            ``(1) Development of instrumentation and tools required for 
        the rapid characterization of nanoscale materials and for 
        monitoring of nanoscale manufacturing processes.
            ``(2) Approaches and techniques for scaling the synthesis 
        of new nanoscale materials to achieve industrial-level 
        production rates.
            ``(3) Improvements in atomically precise measurement, 
        monitoring, manipulating, and manufacturing.
            ``(4) Development of nanotechnology production methods and 
        tools for aerospace information and intelligence applications.
    ``(b) Green Nanotechnology.--Interdisciplinary research centers 
supported under the Program in accordance with section 2(b)(6) that are 
focused on nanomanufacturing research and centers established under the 
authority of section 12(c)(3) shall include, as part of the activities 
of such centers, the following:
            ``(1) Research on methods and approaches to develop 
        environmentally benign nanoscale products and nanoscale 
        manufacturing processes, taking into consideration relevant 
        findings and results of research supported under the 
        Environmental, Health, and Safety program component area, or 
        any successor program component area.
            ``(2) Fostering the transfer of the results of such 
        research to industry, including through industry-led 
        collaborative translational research, with priority 
        consideration given to proposals that provide non-Federal funds 
        in an amount not less than 25 percent of the total amount of 
        any funding to be awarded under the Program.
            ``(3) Providing for the education of scientists and 
        engineers through interdisciplinary studies in the principles 
        and techniques for the design and development of 
        environmentally benign nanoscale products and processes.''.
    (b) Review of Nanomanufacturing Research and Research Facilities.--
            (1) Definitions.--In this subsection, the terms 
        ``nanotechnology'', ``nanoscale'', ``program component area'', 
        ``Program'', and ``Advisory Panel'' have the meaning given such 
        terms in section 15 of the 21st Century Nanotechnology Research 
        and Development Act, as redesignated by section 6(a)(1) and 
        amended by section 13 of this Act.
            (2) Public meeting.--
                    (A) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the 
                date of the enactment of this Act, the Director of the 
                National Nanotechnology Coordination Office established 
                under section 3(a) of such Act (15 U.S.C. 7502(a)) 
                shall sponsor a public meeting, including 
                representation from a wide range of industries engaged 
                in nanoscale manufacturing--
                            (i) to obtain the views of participants at 
                        the meeting on--
                                    (I) the relevance and value of the 
                                research being carried out under the 
                                Nanomanufacturing program component 
                                area, or any successor program 
                                component area; and
                                    (II) whether the capabilities of 
                                nanotechnology research facilities 
                                supported under the Program are 
                                adequate--
                                            (aa) to meet current and 
                                        near-term requirements for the 
                                        fabrication and 
                                        characterization of nanoscale 
                                        devices and systems; and
                                            (bb) to provide access to 
                                        and use of instrumentation and 
                                        equipment at the facilities, by 
                                        means of networking technology, 
                                        to individuals who are at 
                                        locations remote from the 
                                        facilities; and
                            (ii) to receive any recommendations on ways 
                        to strengthen the research portfolio supported 
                        under the Nanomanufacturing program component 
                        area, or any successor program component area, 
                        and on improving the capabilities of 
                        nanotechnology research facilities supported 
                        under the Program.
                    (B) Invitations to public meeting.--The Director of 
                the National Nanotechnology Coordination Office shall 
                invite companies that are participating in industry 
                liaison groups to participate in the meeting required 
                by subparagraph (A).
                    (C) Report on public meeting.--Not later than 1 
                year after the date of the enactment of this Act, the 
                Director of the National Nanotechnology Coordination 
                Office shall prepare and submit to the Advisory Panel a 
                report documenting the findings and recommendations of 
                the Director with respect to the meeting required by 
                subparagraph (A).
            (3) Advisory panel review.--
                    (A) In general.--Not later than 18 months after the 
                date of the enactment of this Act, the Advisory Panel 
                shall review the Nanomanufacturing program component 
                area, or any successor program component area, and the 
                capabilities of nanotechnology research facilities 
                supported under the Program to assess the following:
                            (i) Whether the funding for the 
                        Nanomanufacturing program component area, or 
                        any successor program component area, is 
                        adequate and receiving appropriate priority 
                        within the overall resources available for the 
                        Program.
                            (ii) The relevance of the research being 
                        supported to the identified needs and 
                        requirements of industry.
                            (iii) Whether the capabilities of 
                        nanotechnology research facilities supported 
                        under the Program are adequate--
                                    (I) to meet current and near-term 
                                requirements for the fabrication and 
                                characterization of nanoscale devices 
                                and systems; and
                                    (II) to provide access to and use 
                                of instrumentation and equipment at the 
                                facilities, by means of networking 
                                technology, to individuals who are at 
                                locations remote from the facilities.
                            (iv) The level of funding that would be 
                        needed to support--
                                    (I) the acquisition of 
                                instrumentation, equipment, and 
                                networking technology sufficient to 
                                provide the capabilities at 
                                nanotechnology research facilities 
                                described in subparagraph (C); and
                                    (II) the operation and maintenance 
                                of such facilities.
                    (B) Incorporation of findings from public 
                meeting.--In carrying out the review required by 
                subparagraph (A), the Advisory Panel shall take into 
                consideration the findings and recommendations in the 
                report submitted by the Director of the National 
                Nanotechnology Coordination Office under paragraph 
                (2)(C).
                    (C) Report on advisory panel review.--Not later 
                than 18 months after the date of the enactment of this 
                Act, the Advisory Panel shall submit to the Committee 
                on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate 
                and the Committee on Science and Technology of the 
                House of Representatives a report on the review 
                required by subparagraph (A), including the following:
                            (i) The recommendations, if any, of the 
                        Advisory Panel with respect to the 
                        Nanomanufacturing program component area.
                            (ii) The report required by paragraph 
                        (2)(C).

SEC. 10. NANOSCALE CHARACTERIZATION AND METROLOGY.

    The 21st Century Nanotechnology Research and Development Act (15 
U.S.C. 7501 et seq.) is amended by inserting after section 13, as added 
by section 9(a) of this Act, the following:

``SEC. 14. NANOSCALE CHARACTERIZATION AND METROLOGY.

    ``(a) Research Areas.--The Instrument Research, Metrology, and 
Standards program component area, or any successor program component 
area, shall include research on translational development of 
instrumentation, tools, approaches, and techniques required for the 
characterization of nanoscale materials and for nanoscale metrology, 
including improvements in speed, accuracy, and scalability.
    ``(b) Environmental, Health, and Safety Effects.--Interdisciplinary 
research centers supported under the Program in accordance with section 
2(b)(6) that are focused on nanoscale characterization and metrology in 
accordance with section 12(c)(3) shall include as part of the 
activities of such centers--
            ``(1) research on methods and approaches to develop 
        characterization and metrology capabilities relevant to the 
        Environmental, Health, and Safety program component area, or 
        any successor program component area; and
            ``(2) fostering the transfer of the results of such 
        research to industry, including through industry-led 
        collaborative translational research.''.

SEC. 11. GAO STUDY OF NANOTECHNOLOGY RELATED CODES, STANDARDS, AND 
              REGULATIONS.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 2 years after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General of the United States 
shall conduct a study of Federal codes, standards, and regulations as 
they pertain to the safe production, use, and disposal of engineered 
nanomaterials and products that embody engineered nanomaterials.
    (b) Matters Covered.--In conducting the study required by 
subsection (a), the Comptroller General shall--
            (1) review the current status of federal codes, standards, 
        and regulations of--
                    (A) the Environmental Protection Agency;
                    (B) the Food and Drug Administration;
                    (C) the Department of Agriculture;
                    (D) the Consumer Product Safety Commission;
                    (E) the Occupational Safety and Health 
                Administration; and
                    (F) any other Federal agency with regulatory 
                authority over the production, use, and disposal of 
                engineered nanomaterials and products that embody 
                engineered nanomaterials;
            (2) evaluate international efforts to develop codes, 
        standards, and regulations regarding the production, use, and 
        disposal of engineered nanomaterials and products that 
        incorporate engineered nanomaterials;
            (3) identify gaps in the ability of Federal agencies to 
        enforce appropriate cost-effective safety procedures for 
        nanomaterials using the current codes, standards, and 
        regulations of such agencies; and
            (4) develop recommendations with respect to changes to such 
        codes, standards, and regulations to remedy such gaps.
    (c) Report.--Not later than 2 years after the date of the enactment 
of this Act, the Comptroller shall submit to the Committee on Commerce, 
Science, and Transportation of the Senate, the Committee on Science and 
Technology of the House of Representatives, and other appropriate 
committees of Congress, a report on the study required by subsection 
(a), including a description of the matters covered under subsection 
(b).

SEC. 12. PUBLIC OUTREACH.

    (a) National Discussion Convened.--Not later than 1 year after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the Director of the National 
Nanotechnology Coordination Office, established under section 3(a) of 
the 21st Century Nanotechnology Research and Development Act (15 U.S.C. 
7502(a)), shall convene a national discussion to engage the people of 
the United States and increase their awareness of nanotechnology.
    (b) Form.--The Director shall convene the national discussion 
required by subsection (a) through not less than 2 large-scale 
deliberative forums.
    (c) Participation.--In the national discussion required by 
subsection (a), the Director shall ensure that the population of 
participants is diverse in--
            (1) age;
            (2) geography;
            (3) income; and
            (4) education.
    (d) Incorporation of Views.--In the national discussion required by 
subsection (a), the Director shall incorporate the views and positions 
of key stakeholder groups, including representatives of--
            (1) academia;
            (2) nongovernmental organizations; and
            (3) industry.
    (e) Identification of Priorities and Concerns.--In the national 
discussion required by subsection (a), the Director shall identify the 
collective priorities and concerns of the general public and 
stakeholder groups that relate to--
            (1) nanotechnology products;
            (2) research and development; and
            (3) regulatory policy.
    (f) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment 
of this Act, the Director shall submit to the Committee on Commerce, 
Science, and Transportation of the Senate and the Committee on Science 
and Technology of the House of Representatives a report summarizing the 
national discussion required by subsection (a).
    (g) Authorization of Appropriations.--
            (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to 
        the Director of the National Nanotechnology Coordination Office 
        $2,000,000 to carry out the national discussion required by 
        subsection (a).
            (2) Supplement not supplant.--The amount authorized to be 
        appropriated by paragraph (1) for the purpose described in that 
        paragraph is in addition to amounts provided in support of the 
        operation of the National Nanotechnology Coordination Office 
        under section 3(b) of the 21st Century Nanotechnology Research 
        and Development Act (15 U.S.C. 7502(b)), as amended by section 
        2(b)(1) of this Act.

SEC. 13. AMENDMENTS TO DEFINITIONS.

    Section 15 of the 21st Century Nanotechnology Research and 
Development Act, as redesignated by section 6(a)(1) of this Act, is 
amended--
            (1) in paragraph (2)--
                    (A) by striking ``atomic, molecular, and 
                supramolecular levels'' and inserting ``nanoscale''; 
                and
                    (B) by striking ``molecular organization, 
                properties, and'' and inserting ``properties or''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(7) Nanoscale.--The term `nanoscale' means one or more 
        dimensions of between approximately 1 and 100 nanometers.''.
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