# Regulation (EU) No 1288/2013 of the European Parliament and of the CouncilShow full title

Regulation (EU) No 1288/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 December 2013 establishing 'Erasmus+': the            Union programme for education, training, youth and sport and repealing Decisions No 1719/2006/EC, No 1720/2006/EC and No 1298/2008/EC            (Text with EEA relevance)         

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# Regulation (EU) No 1288/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council

# of 11 December 2013

# establishing 'Erasmus+': the Union programme for education, training, youth and sport and repealing Decisions No 1719/2006/EC,                        No 1720/2006/EC and No 1298/2008/EC                     

# (Text with EEA relevance)

THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION,

Having regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, and in particular Articles 165(4) and 166(4) thereof,

Having regard to the proposal from the European Commission,

After transmission of the draft legislative act to the national parliaments,

Having regard to the opinion of the European Economic and Social Committee(1),                        

Having regard to the opinion of the Committee of the Regions(2),                        

Acting in accordance with the ordinary legislative procedure(3),                        

Whereas:

(1)The Commission's communication of 29 June 2011 entitled 'A Budget for Europe 2020' calls for a single programme in the field                              of education, training, youth and sport, including the international aspects of higher education, bringing together the action                              programme in the field of lifelong learning ('Lifelong Learning') established by Decision No 1720/2006/EC of the European                              Parliament and of the Council(4), the Youth in Action programme ('Youth in Action') established by Decision No 1719/2006/EC of the European Parliament and                              of the Council(5), the Erasmus Mundus action programme ('Erasmus Mundus') established by Decision No 1298/2008/EC of the European Parliament                              and of the Council(6), the ALFA III programme established by Regulation (EC) No 1905/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council(7), and the Tempus and Edulink programmes, in order to ensure greater efficiency, a stronger strategic focus and synergies to                              be exploited between the various aspects of the single programme. In addition, sport is proposed as part of that single programme                              (the 'Programme').

(2)The interim evaluation reports of the existing Lifelong Learning, Youth in Action and Erasmus Mundus programmes and the public                              consultation on the future of Union action in education, training and youth, as well as in higher education, revealed a strong                              and in some respects growing need for continuing cooperation and mobility in those fields at European level. The evaluation                              reports emphasised the importance of creating closer links between Union programmes and policy developments in education,                              training and youth, expressed the wish that Union action should be structured in such a way as to respond better to the lifelong                              learning paradigm, and pressed for a simpler, more user-friendly and more flexible approach to implementing such action and                              the end of the fragmentation of international higher education cooperation programmes.

(3)The Programme should focus on the accessibility of funding and the transparency of administrative and financial procedures,                              including through the use of information and communication technologies (ICTs) and digitisation. Streamlining and simplifying                              the organisation and management, and a sustained focus on reducing administrative expenditure, are also vital to the success                              of the Programme.

(4)The public consultation on the Union's strategic choices for the implementation of the new Union competence in the field of                              sport and the Commission's evaluation report on preparatory actions in the field of sport provided useful indications regarding                              priority areas for Union action, and illustrated the added value that the Union can bring in supporting activities aimed at                              generating, sharing and spreading experiences and knowledge about different issues affecting sport at the European level,                              provided that they are focused in particular at grassroots level.

(5)The Europe 2020 strategy for smart, sustainable and inclusive growth defines the Union's growth strategy for the coming decade                              to support such growth, setting five ambitious objectives to be reached by 2020, particularly in the field of education, where                              the aim is to reduce early school-leaving rates to a level below 10 % and to enable at least 40 % of 30-34 year-olds to have                              completed tertiary or equivalent education. This also includes its flagship initiatives, in particular Youth on the Move and                              the Agenda for New Skills and Jobs.

(6)In its conclusions of 12 May 2009, the Council called for a strategic framework for European cooperation in education and                              training (ET 2020), setting up four strategic objectives with a view to responding to the challenges that remain in creating                              a knowledge-based Europe and making lifelong learning a reality for all.

(7)Pursuant to Articles 8 and 10 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU), as well as Articles 21 and 23                              of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union, the Programme promotes inter alia equality between men and women                              and measures to combat discrimination based on sex, racial or ethnic origin, religion or belief, disability, age or sexual                              orientation. There is a need to widen access for members of disadvantaged and vulnerable groups and actively to address the                              special learning needs of people with disabilities in the implementation of the Programme.

(8)The Programme should include a strong international dimension, particularly as regards higher education, in order not only                              to enhance the quality of European higher education in pursuit of the broader ET 2020 objectives and the attractiveness of                              the Union as a study destination, but also to promote understanding between people and to contribute to the sustainable development                              of higher education in partner countries, as well as their broader socio-economic development, inter alia by stimulating ′′brain                              circulation′′ through mobility actions with partner-country nationals. To that end, funding should be made available from the                              Development Cooperation Instrument (DCI), the European Neighbourhood Instrument (ENI), the Instrument for Pre-accession Assistance                              (IPA) and the Partnership Instrument for cooperation with third countries (PI). Funds might also be made available from the                              European Development Fund (EDF) in accordance with the procedures governing it. The provisions of this Regulation should apply                              to the use of those funds, while ensuring conformity with the respective Regulations establishing those instruments and that                              fund.

(9)In its resolution of 27 November 2009 on a renewed framework for European cooperation in the youth field (2010-2018), the                              Council emphasised the need to consider all young people as a resource in society and sought to facilitate their participation                              in the development of policies affecting them by means of a continuous structured dialogue between decision-makers and young                              people and youth organisations at all levels.

(10)Bringing formal, non-formal and informal learning together in a single programme should create synergies and foster cross-sectoral                              cooperation across the various education, training and youth sectors. During the implementation of the Programme, the specific                              needs of the various sectors and, where appropriate, the role of local and regional authorities should be duly taken into                              account.

(11)To support mobility, equity and study excellence, the Union should establish, on a pilot basis, a Student Loan Guarantee Facility                              to enable students, regardless of their social background, to take their Master's degree in another country to which participation                              in the Programme is open (the 'Programme country'). The Student Loan Guarantee Facility should be available to financial institutions                              which agree to offer loans for Master's studies in other Programme countries on favourable terms for students. This additional                              and innovative tool for learning mobility should neither replace any current, nor impede the development of any future, grant                              or loan system supporting student mobility at local, national or Union level. The Student Loan Guarantee Facility should be                              subject to close monitoring and evaluation, in particular concerning its market uptake in different countries. In accordance                              with Article 21(2) and (3), a mid-term evaluation report should be submitted to the European Parliament and to the Council                              no later than the end of 2017, with a view to obtaining political guidance on the continuation of the Student Loan Guarantee                              Facility.

(12)Member States should endeavour to adopt all appropriate measures to remove legal and administrative obstacles to the proper                              functioning of the Programme. This includes resolving, where possible, administrative issues that create difficulties in obtaining                              visas and residency permits. In line with Council Directive 2004/114/EC(8), Member States are encouraged to establish fast-track admission procedures.

(13)The Commission's communication of 20 September 2011 entitled 'Supporting growth and jobs – an agenda for the modernisation                              of Europe's higher education systems' sets out a framework within which the Union, Member States and higher education institutions                              can cooperate to boost the number of graduates, to improve the quality of education and to maximise the contribution that                              higher education and research can make to helping Member States' economies and societies emerge stronger from the global economic                              crisis.

(14)In order to better address youth unemployment in the Union, particular attention should be paid to transnational cooperation                              between higher and vocational education institutions and businesses, with a view to improving students' employability and                              developing entrepreneurial skills.

(15)The Bologna Declaration, signed by the Education Ministers of 29 European countries on 19 June 1999, established an intergovernmental                              process aimed at creating a European area of higher education, which requires continuous support at Union level.

(16)The crucial role played by vocational education and training (VET) in helping to achieve a number of targets set out in the                              Europe 2020 strategy is widely acknowledged and defined in the renewed Copenhagen process (2011-2020), taking into account,                              in particular, its potential in addressing Europe's high level of unemployment, especially youth unemployment and long-term                              unemployment, promoting a culture of lifelong learning, countering social exclusion and promoting active citizenship. Quality                              traineeships and apprenticeships, including those in micro-enterprises and small and medium-sized enterprises, are needed                              in order to bridge the gap between the knowledge acquired through education and training and the skills and competences required                              in the world of work, as well as to enhance the employability of young people.

(17)It is necessary to strengthen the intensity and extent of European cooperation between schools, and of the mobility of school                              staff and learners, in order to address the priorities set out in the Agenda for European Cooperation on Schools for the 21st                              century, namely to improve the quality of school education in the Union in the fields of competence development and in order                              to improve equity and inclusion within school systems and institutions, as well as to reinforce and provide support for the                              teaching profession and school leadership. In this context, the strategic targets on reducing early school leaving, improving                              performance in basic skills, and improving participation and quality in early childhood education and care, should be prioritised                              along with targets reinforcing the professional competences of school teachers and school leaders, and improving the educational                              opportunities for children with a migrant background and those at a socio-economic disadvantage.

(18)The renewed European Agenda for Adult Learning included in the Council's resolution of 28 November 2011 aims at enabling all                              adults to develop and enhance their skills and competences throughout their lives. Particular attention should be paid to                              improving learning opportunities for the high number of low-skilled Europeans, in particular by improving literacy and numeracy                              and by promoting flexible learning pathways and second-chance measures.

(19)The action of the European Youth Forum, the National Academic Recognition Information Centres (NARIC), the Eurydice, Euroguidance                              and Eurodesk networks, the eTwinning National Support Services, the National Europass Centres, and the National Information                              Offices in the neighbourhood countries is essential in order to achieve the objectives of the Programme, in particular by                              providing the Commission with regular, updated information regarding their various fields of activity and through the dissemination                              of the Programme results in the Union and in the partner countries.

(20)Cooperation under the Programme with international organisations in the field of education, training, youth and sport, in                              particular with the Council of Europe, should be strengthened.

(21)In order to contribute to the development of excellence in European integration studies worldwide, and to respond to the increasing                              need for knowledge of, and dialogue on, the European integration process and its development, it is important to stimulate                              excellence in teaching, research and reflection in this area by supporting academic institutions, associations active in the                              field of European integration and associations pursuing an aim of European interest, through the Jean Monnet Action.

(22)Cooperation under the Programme with civil society organisations in the fields of education, training, youth and sport, at                              national and Union level is of great importance in order to create a broad sense of ownership in relation to lifelong learning                              strategies and policies and to take into consideration stakeholders' ideas and concerns at all levels.

(23)The Commission's communication of 18 January 2011 entitled 'Developing the European Dimension in Sport' sets out the Commission's                              ideas for action at Union level in the field of sport following the entry into force of the Treaty of Lisbon, and proposes                              a list of concrete actions to be taken by the Commission and Member States in order to increase sport's European identity                              in three broad chapters: the societal role of sport, the economic dimension of sport and the organisation of sport. It is                              also necessary to take into account the added value of sport, including indigenous sport, and its contribution to the Union's                              cultural and historical heritage.

(24)There is a need to focus in particular on grassroots sport and volunteering in sport, on account of the important role that                              they play in promoting social inclusion, equal opportunities and health-enhancing physical activity.

(25)Improved transparency and recognition of qualifications and competences and extended acceptance of Union transparency and                              recognition tools should contribute to the development of quality education and training, and facilitate mobility for both                              lifelong learning and occupational purposes throughout Europe, between countries as well as across sectors. Opening up access                              to methods, practices and technologies used in other countries will help to improve employability.

(26)To that end, it is recommended that extended use be made of the single Union framework for the transparency of qualifications                              and competences (Europass) established by Decision No 2241/2004/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council(9), the European Quality Assurance Register for Higher Education (EQAR) and the European Association for Quality Assurance in                              Higher Education (ENQA) established pursuant to Recommendation 2006/143/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council(10), the European Qualifications Framework (EQF) established pursuant to the Recommendation of the European Parliament and of                              the Council of 23 April 2008(11), the European Credit System for Vocational Education and Training (ECVET) established pursuant to the Recommendation of the                              European Parliament and of the Council of 18 June 2009(12), the European Quality Assurance Reference Framework for Vocational Education and Training (EQAVET) established pursuant to                              the Recommendation of the European Parliament and of the Council of 18 June 2009(13) and the European Credit Transfer and Accumulation System (ECTS).

(27)In order to ensure greater efficiency in communication to the public at large and stronger synergies between the communication                              activities undertaken at the initiative of the Commission, the resources allocated to communication under this Regulation                              should also contribute to covering the corporate communication of the political priorities of the Union, provided that these                              are related to the general objective of this Regulation.

(28)It is necessary to ensure the European added value of all actions carried out within the framework of the Programme, and their                              complementarity with activities undertaken by the Member States in compliance with Article 167(4) of the TFEU and with other                              activities, in particular those in the fields of culture and the media, employment, research and innovation, industry and                              enterprise, cohesion and development policy, as well as enlargement policy and initiatives, instruments and strategies in                              the field of regional policy and external relations.

(29)The Programme is designed to have a positive and sustainable impact on education, training, youth and sport policies and practices.                              That systemic impact should be achieved through the various actions and activities envisaged in the Programme, which aim at                              fostering changes at institutional level and which lead, where appropriate, to innovation at system level. Individual projects                              for which financial support is sought from the Programme are not required to have any systemic impact as such. It is the cumulative                              result of those projects that should contribute to the attainment of systemic impact.

(30)Effective performance management, including evaluation and monitoring, requires the development of specific, measurable and                              realistic performance indicators which can be measured over time and which reflect the logic of the intervention.

(31)The Commission and the Member States should optimise the use of ICTs and new technologies in order to facilitate access to                              actions relating to education, training, youth and sport. This could include virtual mobility, which should complement, but                              not replace, learning mobility.

(32)This Regulation lays down a financial envelope for the entire duration of the Programme which is to constitute the prime reference                              amount, within the meaning of Point 17 of the Interinstitutional Agreement between the European Parliament, the Council and                              the Commission on budgetary discipline, on cooperation in budgetary matters and on sound financial management(14), for the European Parliament and the Council during the annual budgetary procedure.

(33)In order to ensure continuity in the funding support provided under the Programme to the functioning of bodies, the Commission                              should be able during the initial phase of the Programme to consider the costs directly linked to the implementation of the                              supported activities as eligible for financing, even if they were incurred by the beneficiary before the grant application                              was submitted.

(34)There is a need to establish performance criteria on which the allocation of budget funds between Member States for the actions                              managed by the national agencies should be based.

(35)The candidate countries for accession to the Union and those European Free Trade Association (EFTA) countries which form part                              of the European Economic Area (EEA) may participate in Union programmes on the basis of framework agreements, Association                              Council decisions or similar agreements.

(36)The Swiss Confederation may participate in the Union programmes in accordance with an agreement to be signed between the Union                              and that country.

(37)Individuals from an overseas country or territory (OCT) and competent public and/or private bodies and institutions from an                              OCT may participate in the programmes in accordance with Council Decision 2001/822/EC(15). The constraints imposed by the remoteness of the outermost regions of the Union and the OCTs should be taken into account                              when implementing the Programme.

(38)The Commission and the High Representative of the European Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy, in their joint communication                              of 25 May 2011 entitled 'A new response to a changing Neighbourhood', outlined, inter alia, the aim of further facilitating                              neighbourhood countries' participation in Union mobility and capacity-building actions in higher education and the opening                              of the future education programme to the neighbourhood countries.

(39)The financial interests of the Union should be protected through proportionate measures throughout the expenditure cycle,                              including the prevention, detection and investigation of irregularities, the recovery of funds lost, wrongly paid or incorrectly                              used and, where appropriate, penalties. While Union external assistance has an increasing need for financing, the economic                              and budgetary situation of the Union limits the resources available for such assistance. The Commission should, therefore,                              seek the most efficient and sustainable use of available resources, in particular through the use of financial instruments                              with leverage effect.

(40)In order to enhance access to the Programme, the grants to support the mobility of individuals should be adjusted to the living                              and subsistence costs of the host country. In accordance with national law, Member States should also be encouraged to exempt                              those grants from any taxes and social levies. The same exemption should apply to public or private bodies awarding such financial                              support to the individuals concerned.

(41)In accordance with Regulation (EU, Euratom) No 966/2012 of the European Parliament and of the Council(16), volunteer time can be recognised as co-financing in the form of contributions in kind.

(42)In its communication of 29 June 2011 entitled 'A Budget for Europe 2020', the Commission underlined its commitment to simplifying                              Union funding. The creation of a single programme on education, training, youth and sport should result in significant simplification,                              rationalisation and synergies in the management of the Programme. The implementation of the Programme should be further simplified                              by the use of lump-sum, unit-cost or flat-rate funding, as well as by reducing formal and bureaucratic requirements for beneficiaries                              and Member States.

(43)Improving implementation and the quality of spending should constitute guiding principles for achieving the objectives of                              the Programme, whilst ensuring the optimal use of the financial resources.

(44)It is important to ensure sound financial management of the Programme and its implementation in the most effective and user-friendly                              manner possible, whilst also ensuring legal certainty and the accessibility of the Programme to all participants.

(45)In order to ensure a quick response to changing needs throughout the duration of the Programme, the power to adopt acts in                              accordance with Article 290 of the TFEU should be delegated to the Commission in respect of provisions relating to additional                              actions managed by the national agencies. It is of particular importance that the Commission carry out appropriate consultations                              during its preparatory work, including at expert level. The Commission, when preparing and drawing up delegated acts, should                              ensure the simultaneous, timely and appropriate transmission of relevant documents to the European Parliament and to the Council.

(46)In order to ensure uniform conditions for the implementation of this Regulation, implementing powers should be conferred on                              the Commission. Those powers should be exercised in accordance with Regulation (EU) No 182/2011 of the European Parliament                              and of the Council(17).

(47)The Programme should cover three different fields, and the committee established under this Regulation should deal with both                              horizontal and sectoral issues. It is for the Member States to ensure that they send the relevant representatives to attend                              meetings of that committee in accordance with the topics on its agenda, and it is for the committee chair to ensure that meeting                              agendas clearly indicate the sector or sectors involved and the topics, according to each sector, to be discussed at each                              meeting. Where appropriate, and in accordance with the committee's rules of procedure and on an ad hoc basis, it should be                              possible to invite external experts, including representatives of the social partners, to participate in the committee meetings                              as observers.

(48)It is appropriate to ensure the correct closure of the Programme, in particular as regards the continuation of multi-annual                              arrangements for its management, such as the financing of technical and administrative assistance. As from 1 January 2014,                              the technical and administrative assistance should ensure, if necessary, the management of actions that have not yet been                              finalised under the predecessor programmes by the end of 2013.

(49)Since the objective of this Regulation, namely to establish the Programme, cannot be sufficiently achieved by the Member States                              but can rather, by reason of its scale and effects, be better achieved at Union level, the Union may adopt measures, in accordance                              with the principle of subsidiarity, as set out in Article 5 of the Treaty of the European Union. In accordance with the principle                              of proportionality, as set out in that Article, this Regulation does not go beyond what is necessary in order to achieve that                              objective.

(50)Decisions No 1719/2006/EC, No 1720/2006/EC and No 1298/2008/EC should therefore be repealed.

(51)In order to ensure continuity in the funding support provided under the Programme, this Regulation should apply from 1 January                              2014. For reasons of urgency, this Regulation should enter into force as soon as possible after its publication in the *Official Journal of the European Union*,

HAVE ADOPTED THIS REGULATION:

## *CHAPTER I*U.K.***General provisions***

### Article 1U.K.Scope of the Programme

1.This Regulation establishes a programme for Union action in the field of education, training, youth and sport called 'Erasmus+'                        (the 'Programme').                  

2.The Programme shall be implemented for the period from 1 January 2014 to 31 December 2020.                  

3.The Programme shall cover the following fields, whilst respecting the structures and specific needs of the various sectors                        in the Member States:                  

(a)education and training at all levels, in a lifelong learning perspective, including school education (Comenius), higher education                        (Erasmus), international higher education (Erasmus Mundus), vocational education and training (Leonardo da Vinci) and adult                        learning (Grundtvig);                  

(b)youth (Youth in Action), particularly in the context of non-formal and informal learning;                  

(c)sport, in particular grassroots sport.                  

4.The Programme shall include an international dimension aimed at supporting the Union's external action, including its development                        objectives, through cooperation between the Union and partner countries.                  

### Article 2U.K.Definitions

For the purposes of this Regulation, the following definitions shall apply:

'lifelong learning' means all general education, vocational education and training, non-formal learning and informal learning                              undertaken throughout life, resulting in an improvement in knowledge, skills and competences or participation in society within                              a personal, civic, cultural, social and/or employment-related perspective, including the provision of counselling and guidance                              services;                           

'non-formal learning' means learning which takes place through planned activities (in terms of learning objectives and learning                              time) where some form of learning support is present (e.g. a student-teacher relationship), but which is not part of the formal                              education and training system;                           

'informal learning' means learning resulting from daily activities related to work, family or leisure which is not organised                              or structured in terms of objectives, time or learning support; it may be unintentional from the learner's perspective;                           

'structured dialogue' means the dialogue with young people and youth organisations which serves as a forum for continuous                              joint reflection on the priorities, implementation and follow-up of European cooperation in the youth field;                           

'transnational' relates, unless otherwise indicated, to any action involving at least two Programme countries as referred                              to in Article 24(1);                           

'international' relates to any action involving at least one Programme country and at least one third country ('partner country');

'learning mobility' means moving physically to a country other than the country of residence, in order to undertake study,                              training or non-formal or informal learning; it may take the form of traineeships, apprenticeships, youth exchanges, volunteering,                              teaching or participation in a professional development activity, and may include preparatory activities, such as training                              in the host language, as well as sending, hosting and follow-up activities;                           

'cooperation for innovation and the exchange of good practices' means transnational and international cooperation projects                              involving organisations active in the fields of education, training and/or youth, and may include other organisations;                           

'support for policy reform' means any type of activity aimed at supporting and facilitating the modernisation of education                              and training systems, as well as support for the development of European youth policy, through the process of policy cooperation                              between Member States, in particular the Open Method of Coordination and the structured dialogue with young people;                           

'virtual mobility' means a set of activities supported by information and communications technology, including e-learning,                              organised at institutional level, that realise or facilitate transnational and/or international, collaborative experiences                              in a context of teaching and/or learning;                           

'staff' means persons who, on either a professional or a voluntary basis, are involved in education, training or youth non-formal                              learning, and may include professors, teachers, trainers, school leaders, youth workers and non-educational staff;                           

'youth worker' means a professional or a volunteer involved in non-formal learning who supports young people in their personal                              socio-educational and professional development;                           

'young people' means individuals aged between 13 and 30;

'higher education institution' means:

any type of higher education institution which, in accordance with national law or practice, offers recognised degrees or                                       other recognised tertiary level qualifications, whatever such establishment may be called;                                    

any institution which, in accordance with national law or practice, offers vocational education or training at tertiary level;

'joint degrees' means an integrated study programme offered by at least two higher education institutions resulting in a single                              degree certificate issued and signed by all the participating institutions jointly and recognised officially in the countries                              where the participating institutions are located;                           

'double degree/multiple degree' means a study programme offered by at least two (double) or more (multiple) higher education                              institutions whereby the student receives, upon completion of the study programme, a separate degree certificate from each                              of the participating institutions;                           

'youth activity' means an out-of-school activity (such as youth exchange, volunteering or youth training) carried out by a                              young person, either individually or in a group, in particular through youth organisations, and characterised by a non-formal                              learning approach;                           

'partnership' means an agreement between a group of institutions and/or organisations in different Programme countries to                              carry out joint European activities in the fields of education, training, youth and sport or establishing a formal or informal                              network in a relevant field such as joint learning projects for pupils and their teachers in the form of class exchanges and                              individual long-term mobility, intensive programmes in higher education and cooperation between regional and local authorities                              to foster inter-regional, including cross-border, cooperation; it may be extended to institutions and/or organisations from                              partner countries with a view to strengthening the quality of the partnership;                           

'key competences' means the basic set of knowledge, skills and attitudes which all individuals need for personal fulfilment                              and development, active citizenship, social inclusion and employment, as described in Recommendation 2006/962/EC of the European                              Parliament and of the Council(18);                           

'Open Method of Coordination' (OMC) means an intergovernmental method providing a framework for cooperation between the Member                              States, whose national policies can thus be directed towards certain common objectives; within the scope of the Programme,                              the OMC applies to education, training and youth;                           

'Union transparency and recognition tools' means instruments that help stakeholders to understand, appreciate and, as appropriate,                              recognise learning outcomes and qualifications throughout the Union;                           

'neighbourhood countries' means the countries and territories covered by the European Neighbourhood Policy;

'dual career' means the combination of high-level sports training with general education or work;

'grassroots sport' means organised sport practised at local level by amateur sportspeople, and sport for all.

### Article 3U.K.European added value

1.The Programme shall support only those actions and activities which present a potential European added value and which contribute                        to the achievement of the general objective as referred to in Article 4.                  

2.The European added value of the actions and activities of the Programme shall be ensured in particular through their:                  

(a)transnational character, particularly with regard to mobility and cooperation aimed at achieving a sustainable systemic impact;                  

(b)complementarity and synergy with other programmes and policies at national, Union and international level;                  

(c)contribution to the effective use of Union transparency and recognition tools.                  

### Article 4U.K.General objective of the Programme

The Programme shall contribute to the achievement of:

the objectives of the Europe 2020 strategy, including the headline education target;

the objectives of the strategic framework for European cooperation in education and training ('ET 2020'), including the corresponding                              benchmarks;                           

the sustainable development of partner countries in the field of higher education;

the overall objectives of the renewed framework for European cooperation in the youth field (2010-2018);

the objective of developing the European dimension in sport, in particular grassroots sport, in line with the Union work plan                              for sport; and                           

the promotion of European values in accordance with Article 2 of the Treaty on European Union.

## *CHAPTER II*U.K.***Education and training***

### Article 5U.K.Specific objectives

1.In line with the general objective of the Programme as specified in Article 4, in particular the objectives of ET 2020, as                        well as in support of the sustainable development of partner countries in the field of higher education, the Programme shall                        pursue the following specific objectives:                  

(a)to improve the level of key competences and skills, with particular regard to their relevance for the labour market and their                        contribution to a cohesive society, in particular through increased opportunities for learning mobility and through strengthened                        cooperation between the world of education and training and the world of work;                  

(b)to foster quality improvements, innovation excellence and internationalisation at the level of education and training institutions,                        in particular through enhanced transnational cooperation between education and training providers and other stakeholders;                  

(c)to promote the emergence and raise awareness of a European lifelong learning area designed to complement policy reforms at                        national level and to support the modernisation of education and training systems, in particular through enhanced policy cooperation,                        better use of Union transparency and recognition tools and the dissemination of good practices;                  

(d)to enhance the international dimension of education and training, in particular through cooperation between Union and partner-country                        institutions in the field of VET and in higher education, by increasing the attractiveness of European higher education institutions                        and supporting the Union's external action, including its development objectives, through the promotion of mobility and cooperation                        between the Union and partner-country higher education institutions and targeted capacity-building in partner countries;                  

(e)to improve the teaching and learning of languages and to promote the Union's broad linguistic diversity and intercultural                        awareness;                  

(f)to promote excellence in teaching and research activities in European integration through the Jean Monnet activities worldwide,                        as referred to in Article 10.                  

2.For the purposes of evaluating the Programme, measurable and relevant indicators in relation to the specific objectives referred                        to in paragraph 1 are set out in Annex I.                  

### Article 6U.K.Actions of the Programme

1.In the field of education and training, the Programme shall pursue its objectives through the following types of actions:                  

(a)learning mobility of individuals;                  

(b)cooperation for innovation and the exchange of good practices; and                  

(c)support for policy reform.                  

2.The specific Jean Monnet activities are described in Article 10.                  

### Article 7U.K.Learning mobility of individuals

1.Learning mobility of individuals shall support the following activities within the Programme countries referred to in Article                        24(1):                  

(a)the mobility of students in all cycles of higher education and of students, apprentices and pupils in vocational education                        and training. This mobility may take the form of studying at a partner institution or traineeships or gaining experience as                        an apprentice, assistant or trainee abroad. Degree mobility at Master's level may be supported through the Student Loan Guarantee                        Facility referred to in Article 20;                  

(b)the mobility of staff, within the Programme countries referred to in Article 24(1). This mobility may take the form of teaching                        or assistantships or participation in professional development activities abroad.                  

2.This action shall also support the international mobility of students and staff to and from partner countries as regards higher                        education, including mobility organised on the basis of joint, double or multiple degrees of high quality or joint calls.                  

### Article 8U.K.Cooperation for innovation and the exchange of good practices

1.Cooperation for innovation and the exchange of good practices shall support:                  

(a)strategic partnerships between organisations and/or institutions involved in education and training or other relevant sectors                        aimed at developing and implementing joint initiatives and promoting peer learning and exchanges of experience;                  

(b)partnerships between the world of work and education and training institutions in the form of:                  
          -  (b)knowledge alliances between, in particular, higher education institutions and the world of work aimed at promoting creativity,                              innovation, work-based learning and entrepreneurship by offering relevant learning opportunities, including developing new                              curricula and pedagogical approaches; 
          -  sector skills alliances between education and training providers and the world of work aimed at promoting employability, contributing                           to the creation of new sector-specific or cross-sectoral curricula, developing innovative methods of vocational teaching and                           training and putting the Union transparency and recognition tools into practice;                         

(c)IT support platforms, covering all education and training sectors, including in particular eTwinning, allowing peer learning,                        virtual mobility and exchanges of good practices and opening access for participants from neighbourhood countries.                  

2.This action shall also support development, capacity-building, regional integration, knowledge exchanges and modernisation                        processes through international partnerships between higher education institutions in the Union and in partner countries,                        in particular for peer learning and joint education projects, as well as through the promotion of regional cooperation and                        National Information Offices, in particular with neighbourhood countries.                  

### Article 9U.K.Support for policy reform

1.Support for policy reform shall include the activities initiated at Union level relating to:                  

(a)the implementation of the Union policy agenda on education and training in the context of the OMC, as well as to the Bologna                        and Copenhagen processes;                  

(b)the implementation in Programme countries of Union transparency and recognition tools, in particular the single Union framework                        for the transparency of qualifications and competences (Europass), the European Qualifications Framework (EQF), the European                        Credit Transfer and Accumulation System (ECTS), the European Credit System for Vocational Education and Training (ECVET),                        the European Quality Assurance Reference Framework for Vocational Education and Training (EQAVET), the European Quality Assurance                        Register for Higher Education (EQAR) and the European Association for Quality Assurance in Higher Education (ENQA), and the                        provision of support to Union-wide networks and European non-governmental organisations (NGOs) active in the field of education                        and training;                  

(c)the policy dialogue with relevant European stakeholders in the field of education and training;                  

(d)NARIC, the Eurydice and Euroguidance networks, and the National Europass Centres.                  

2.This action shall also support policy dialogue with partner countries and international organisations.                  

### Article 10U.K.Jean Monnet activities

The Jean Monnet activities shall aim to:

promote teaching and research on European integration worldwide among specialist academics, learners and citizens, in particular                              through the creation of Jean Monnet Chairs and other academic activities, as well as by providing aid for other knowledge-building                              activities at higher education institutions;                           

support the activities of academic institutions or associations active in the field of European integration studies and support                              a Jean Monnet label for excellence;                           

support the following institutions pursuing an aim of European interest:

the European University Institute of Florence;

the College of Europe (Bruges and Natolin campuses);

the European Institute of Public Administration (EIPA), Maastricht;

the Academy of European Law, Trier;

the European Agency for Development in Special Needs Education, Odense;

the International Centre for European Training (CIFE), Nice;

promote policy debate and exchanges between the academic world and policy-makers on Union policy priorities.

## *CHAPTER III*U.K.***Youth***

### Article 11U.K.Specific objectives

1.In line with the general objective of the Programme as specified in Article 4, in particular the objectives of the renewed                        framework for European cooperation in the youth field (2010–2018), the Programme shall pursue the following specific objectives:                  

(a)to improve the level of key competences and skills of young people, including those with fewer opportunities, as well as to                        promote participation in democratic life in Europe and the labour market, active citizenship, intercultural dialogue, social                        inclusion and solidarity, in particular through increased learning mobility opportunities for young people, those active in                        youth work or youth organisations and youth leaders, and through strengthened links between the youth field and the labour                        market;                  

(b)to foster quality improvements in youth work, in particular through enhanced cooperation between organisations in the youth                        field and/or other stakeholders;                  

(c)to complement policy reforms at local, regional and national level and to support the development of knowledge and evidence-based                        youth policy as well as the recognition of non-formal and informal learning, in particular through enhanced policy cooperation,                        better use of Union transparency and recognition tools and the dissemination of good practices;                  

(d)to enhance the international dimension of youth activities and the role of youth workers and organisations as support structures                        for young people in complementarity with the Union's external action, in particular through the promotion of mobility and                        cooperation between the Union and partner-country stakeholders and international organisations and through targeted capacity-building                        in partner countries.                  

2.For the purposes of evaluating the Programme, measurable and relevant indicators in relation to the specific objectives referred                        to in paragraph 1 are set out in Annex I.                  

### Article 12U.K.Actions of the Programme

The Programme shall pursue its objectives through the following types of actions:

learning mobility of individuals;

cooperation for innovation and the exchange of good practices;

support for policy reform.

### Article 13U.K.Learning mobility of individuals

1.Learning mobility of individuals shall support:                  

(a)the mobility of young people in non-formal and informal learning activities between the Programme countries; such mobility                        may take the form of youth exchanges and volunteering through the European Voluntary Service, as well as innovative activities                        building on existing provisions for mobility;                  

(b)the mobility of persons active in youth work or youth organisations and youth leaders; such mobility may take the form of                        training and networking activities.                  

2.This action shall also support the mobility of young people, persons active in youth work or youth organisations and youth                        leaders, to and from partner countries, in particular neighbourhood countries.                  

### Article 14U.K.Cooperation for innovation and the exchange of good practices

1.Cooperation for innovation and the exchange of good practices shall support:                  

(a)strategic partnerships aimed at developing and implementing joint initiatives, including youth initiatives and citizenship                        projects that promote active citizenship, social innovation, participation in democratic life and entrepreneurship, through                        peer learning and exchanges of experience;                  

(b)IT support platforms allowing peer learning, knowledge-based youth work, virtual mobility and exchanges of good practice.                  

2.This action shall also support development, capacity-building and knowledge exchanges through partnerships between organisations                        in Programme countries and partner countries, in particular through peer learning.                  

### Article 15U.K.Support for policy reform

1.Support for policy reform shall include activities relating to:                  

(a)the implementation of the Union policy agenda on youth through the OMC;                  

(b)implementation in the Programme countries of Union transparency and recognition tools, in particular the Youthpass, and support                        for Union-wide networks and European youth NGOs;                  

(c)policy dialogue with relevant European stakeholders and structured dialogue with young people;                  

(d)the European Youth Forum, resource centres for the development of youth work and the Eurodesk network.                  

2.This action shall also support policy dialogue with partner countries and international organisations.                  

## *CHAPTER IV*U.K.***Sport***

### Article 16U.K.Specific objectives

1.In line with the general objective of the Programme, as specified in Article 4, and with the Union work plan for sport, the                        Programme shall focus in particular on grassroots sport and shall pursue the following specific objectives:                  

(a)to tackle cross-border threats to the integrity of sport, such as doping, match-fixing and violence, as well as all kinds                        of intolerance and discrimination;                  

(b)to promote and support good governance in sport and dual careers of athletes;                  

(c)to promote voluntary activities in sport, together with social inclusion, equal opportunities and awareness of the importance                        of health-enhancing physical activity through increased participation in, and equal access to, sport for all.                  

2.For the purposes of evaluating the Programme, measurable and relevant indicators in relation to the specific objectives referred                        to in paragraph 1 are set out in Annex I.                  

### Article 17U.K.Activities

1.The objectives of cooperation shall be pursued through the following transnational activities, which shall focus in particular                        on grassroots sport:                  

(a)support for collaborative partnerships;                  

(b)support for not-for-profit European sport events involving several Programme countries and contributing to the objectives                        set out in point (c) of Article 16(1);                  

(c)support for strengthening the evidence base for policy-making;                  

(d)dialogue with relevant European stakeholders.                  

2.The activities referred to in paragraph 1 may leverage supplementary funding from third parties such as private undertakings.                  

## *CHAPTER V*U.K.***Financial provisions***

### Article 18U.K.Budget

1.The financial envelope for the implementation of the Programme as from 1 January 2014 is set at EUR 14 774 524 000 in current                        prices.                  

The annual appropriations shall be authorised by the European Parliament and the Council within the limits of the multiannual                     financial framework.                  

2.The amount referred to in paragraph 1 shall be allocated to the actions of the Programme as follows, with a margin of flexibility                        not exceeding 5 % of each of the allocated amounts:                  

(a)77,5 % to education and training, from which the following minimum allocations shall be assigned:                  

43 % to higher education, representing 33,3 % of the total budget;

22 % to vocational education and training, representing 17 % of the total budget;

15 % to school education, representing 11,6 % of the total budget;

5 % to adult learning, representing 3,9 % of the total budget;

(b)10 % to youth;                  

(c)3,5 % to the Student Loan Guarantee Facility;                  

(d)1,9 % to Jean Monnet;                  

(e)1,8 % to sport, of which no more than 10 % to the activity mentioned under point (b) of Article 17(1);                  

(f)3,4 % as operating grants to national agencies; and                  

(g)1,9 % to cover administrative expenditure.                  

3.Of the allocations referred to in points (a) and (b) of paragraph 2, at least 63 % shall be allocated to learning mobility                        of individuals, at least 28 % to cooperation for innovation and the exchange of good practices and 4,2 % to support for policy                        reform.                  

4.In addition to the financial envelope as indicated in paragraph 1, and in order to promote the international dimension of                        higher education, additional funding, as provided for in the different external instruments (Development Cooperation Instrument                        (DCI), the European Neighbourhood Instrument (ENI), the Partnership Instrument for cooperation with third countries (PI) and                        the Instrument for Pre-accession Assistance (IPA)), shall be allocated to actions in respect of learning mobility to or from                        partner countries, and to cooperation and policy dialogue with authorities, institutions and organisations from those countries.                        This Regulation shall apply to the use of those funds, while ensuring conformity with the Regulations respectively governing                        those external instruments, and, in the case of the DCI, fulfilling also the criteria for Official Development Assistance                        as established by the Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.                  

The funding shall be made available through two multiannual allocations covering the first four years and the remaining three                     years respectively. The allocation of that funding shall be determined in the multiannual indicative programming of the external                     instruments referred to in the first subparagraph, in line with the identified needs and priorities of the countries concerned.                     Cooperation with partner countries may be based, where relevant, on additional appropriations from those countries to be made                     available in accordance with procedures to be agreed with them.                  

The student and staff mobility action between Programme countries and partner countries funded through the allocation from                     the DCI shall focus on areas that are relevant to the inclusive and sustainable development of developing countries.                  

5.The financial allocation for the Programme may also cover expenses pertaining to preparatory, monitoring, control, audit and                        evaluation activities which are required for the management of the Programme and the achievement of its objectives, in particular,                        studies, meetings of experts and information and communication actions, including corporate communication of the political                        priorities of the Union as far as they are related to the general objective of this Regulation, expenses linked to IT focusing                        on information processing and exchange, and all other technical and administrative assistance expenses incurred by the Commission                        for the management of the Programme.                  

6.The financial allocation may also cover the technical and administrative assistance expenses necessary to ensure the transition                        between the Programme and the measures adopted under Decisions No 1719/2006/EC, No 1720/2006/EC and No 1298/2008/EC. If necessary,                        appropriations could be entered in the budget beyond 2020 to cover similar expenses, in order to allow the management of actions                        and activities not yet completed by 31 December 2020.                  

7.The funds for the learning mobility of individuals referred to in point (a) of Article 6(1) and point (a) of Article 12 that                        are to be managed by a national agency or agencies (the 'national agency') shall be allocated on the basis of population and                        cost of living in the Member State, distance between capitals of Member States and performance. The performance parameter                        shall account for 25 % of the total funds according to the criteria referred to in paragraphs 8 and 9. As regards strategic                        partnerships referred to in point (a) of Article 8(1) and point (a) of Article 14(1) that are to be selected and managed by                        a national agency, the funds shall be allocated on the basis of criteria to be defined by the Commission in accordance with                        the examination procedure referred to in Article 36(3). Those formulae shall, as far as possible, be neutral with respect                        to the different education and training systems of the Member States, shall avoid substantial reductions in the annual budget                        allocated to Member States from one year to the next and shall minimise excessive imbalances in the level of grants allocated.                  

8.Allocation of funds based on performance shall apply in order to promote an efficient and effective use of resources. The                        criteria used to measure performance shall be based on the most recent data available and shall focus in particular on:                  

(a)the level of annual realised outputs; and                  

(b)the level of annual payments realised.                  

9.The allocation of funds for the year 2014 shall be based on the latest available data on actions carried out and the budget                        take-up under the Lifelong Learning, Youth in Action and Erasmus Mundus programmes up to and including 31 December 2013.                  

10.The Programme may provide support through specific innovative funding modalities, in particular those set out in Article 20.                  

### Article 19U.K.Specific funding modalities

1.The Commission shall implement the Union financial support in accordance with Regulation (EU, Euratom) No 966/2012.                  

2.The Commission may launch joint calls with partner countries or their organisations and agencies to finance projects on the                        basis of matching funds. Projects may be evaluated and selected through joint evaluation and selection procedures to be agreed                        upon by the funding agencies involved, in compliance with the principles set out in Regulation (EU, Euratom) No 966/2012.                  

3.Public bodies, as well as schools, higher education institutions and organisations in the fields of education, training, youth                        and sport that have received over 50 % of their annual revenue from public sources over the last two years shall be considered                        as having the necessary financial, professional and administrative capacity to carry out activities under the Programme. They                        shall not be required to present further documentation to demonstrate that capacity.                  

4.By way of derogation from Article 130(2) of Regulation (EU, Euratom) No 966/2012, and in duly justified cases, the Commission                        may consider the costs directly linked to the implementation of the supported activities and incurred during the first six                        months of 2014 as eligible for financing from 1 January 2014, even if they were incurred by the beneficiary before the grant                        application was submitted.                  

5.The amount referred to in point (c) of Article 137(1) of Regulation (EU, Euratom) No 966/2012 shall not apply to financial                        support for learning mobility granted to individuals.                  

### Article 20U.K.Student Loan Guarantee Facility

1.The Student Loan Guarantee Facility shall provide partial guarantees to financial intermediaries in respect of loans granted                        on the most favourable terms possible to students undertaking a second-cycle degree, such as a Master's degree, at a recognised                        higher education institution in a Programme country, as referred to in Article 24(1), which is neither their country of residence                        nor the country in which they obtained their qualification granting access to the Master's programme.                  

2.Guarantees issued through the Student Loan Guarantee Facility shall cover new eligible student loans up to a maximum of EUR 12                        000 for a one-year programme and up to EUR 18 000 for a programme lasting up to two years, or their equivalent in local currency.                  

3.The management of the Student Loan Guarantee Facility at Union level shall be entrusted to the European Investment Fund (EIF)                        in accordance with Regulation (EU, Euratom) No 966/2012 on the basis of a delegation agreement with the Commission, setting                        out the detailed rules and requirements governing the implementation of the Student Loan Guarantee Facility and the respective                        obligations of the parties. On this basis, the EIF shall conclude agreements with financial intermediaries, such as banks,                        national and/or regional student lending institutions or other recognised financial institutions, and shall endeavour to select                        a financial intermediary from each Programme country, in order to ensure that students from all Programme countries have access                        to the Student Loan Guarantee Facility in a consistent and non-discriminatory manner.                  

4.Technical information on the functioning of the Student Loan Guarantee Facility is provided in Annex II.                  

## *CHAPTER VI*U.K.***Performance, results and dissemination***

### Article 21U.K.Monitoring and evaluation of performance and results

1.The Commission, in cooperation with the Member States, shall regularly monitor and report on the performance and results of                        the Programme as measured against its objectives, with particular regard to:                  

(a)the European added value referred to in Article 3;                  

(b)the distribution of funds associated with the education, training and youth sectors, with a view to ensuring, by the end of                        the Programme, an allocation of funding which guarantees a sustainable systemic impact;                  

(c)the use of the funds derived from the external instruments as referred to in Article 18(4) and their contribution to the respective                        objectives and principles of those instruments.                  

2.In addition to carrying out its ongoing monitoring activities, the Commission shall submit a mid-term evaluation report by                        31 December 2017 in order to assess the effectiveness of the measures taken to achieve the Programme's objectives and to evaluate                        the efficiency of the Programme and its European added value, accompanied, if appropriate, by a legislative proposal to amend                        this Regulation. The mid-term evaluation report shall address the scope for simplification of the Programme, its internal                        and external coherence, the continued relevance of all of its objectives, and the contribution made by the measures taken                        to the realisation of the Europe 2020 strategy. It shall also take into account the results of an evaluation of the long-term                        impact of the predecessor programmes (Lifelong Learning, Youth in Action, Erasmus Mundus and other international higher education                        programmes).                  

3.The Commission shall submit the mid-term evaluation report referred to in paragraph 2 to the European Parliament, the Council,                        the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions.                  

4.Without prejudice to the requirements set out in Chapter VIII and the obligations of national agencies as referred to in Article                        28, Member States shall submit to the Commission, by 30 June 2017, a report on the implementation and the impact of the Programme                        in their respective territories.                  

5.The Commission shall submit a final evaluation of the Programme to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic                        and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions by 30 June 2022.                  

### Article 22U.K.Communication and dissemination

1.The Commission, in cooperation with Member States, shall ensure the dissemination of information, publicity and follow-up                        with regard to all actions and activities supported under the Programme, as well as the dissemination of the results of the                        previous Lifelong Learning, Youth in Action and Erasmus Mundus programmes.                  

2.Beneficiaries of the projects supported through actions and activities as referred to in Articles 6, 10, 12, 17 and 20 should                        ensure that the results and impacts obtained are properly communicated and disseminated. This may include the provision of                        peer-to-peer information in relation to mobility opportunities.                  

3.The national agencies referred to in Article 28 shall develop a consistent policy with regard to the effective dissemination                        and exploitation of results of activities supported under the actions they manage within the Programme, shall assist the Commission                        in the general task of disseminating information concerning the Programme, including information in respect of actions and                        activities managed at national and Union level, and its results, and shall inform relevant target groups about the actions                        undertaken in their country.                  

4.The public and private bodies within the sectors covered by the Programme shall use the brand name 'Erasmus+' for the purpose                        of communication and dissemination of information relating to the Programme. For the different sectors of the Programme, the                        following brand names shall be used:                  
          -  'Comenius', associated with school education; 
          -  'Erasmus', associated with all types of higher education within the Programme countries; 
          -  'Erasmus Mundus', associated with all types of higher education activities between the Programme countries and partner countries; 
          -  'Leonardo da Vinci', associated with vocational education and training; 
          -  'Grundtvig', associated with adult learning; 
          -  'Youth in Action', associated with non-formal and informal learning in the field of youth; 
          -  'Sports', associated with activities in the field of sport. 

5.Communication activities shall also contribute to the corporate communication of the political priorities of the Union, provided                        that they are related to the general objective of this Regulation.                  

## *CHAPTER VII*U.K.***Access to the Programme***

### Article 23U.K.Access

1.Any public or private body active in the fields of education, training, youth and grassroots sport may apply for funding within                        the Programme. In the case of the activities referred to in point (a) of Article 13(1) and point (a) of Article 14(1), the                        Programme shall support the participation of groups of young people who are active in youth work, but not necessarily in the                        context of a youth organisation.                  

2.When implementing the Programme, inter alia as regards the selection of participants and the award of scholarships, the Commission                        and the Member States shall ensure that particular efforts are made to promote social inclusion and the participation of people                        with special needs or with fewer opportunities.                  

### Article 24U.K.Country participation

1.The Programme shall be open to the participation of the following countries (the 'Programme countries'):                  

(a)the Member States;                  

(b)the acceding countries, candidate countries and potential candidates benefiting from a pre-accession strategy, in accordance                        with the general principles and general terms and conditions for the participation of those countries in Union programmes                        established in the respective framework agreements, Association Council decisions or similar agreements;                  

(c)those EFTA countries that are party to the EEA Agreement, in accordance with the provisions of that agreement;                  

(d)the Swiss Confederation, on the basis of a bilateral agreement to be concluded with that country;                  

(e)those countries covered by the European neighbourhood policy which have concluded agreements with the Union providing for                        the possibility of their participation in the Union's programmes, subject to the conclusion of a bilateral agreement with                        the Union on the conditions of their participation in the Programme.                  

2.The Programme countries shall be subject to all the obligations, and shall fulfil all the tasks set out in this Regulation                        in relation to Member States.                  

3.The Programme shall support cooperation with partner countries, in particular neighbourhood countries, in actions and activities                        as referred to in Articles 6, 10 and 12.                  

## *CHAPTER VIII*U.K.***Management and audit system***

### Article 25U.K.Complementarity

The Commission, in cooperation with the Member States, shall ensure the overall consistency and complementarity of the Programme                     with:                  

the relevant policies and programmes, in particular those relating to culture and the media, employment, research and innovation,                              industry and enterprise, cohesion and development policy, as well as enlargement policy and initiatives, instruments and strategies                              in the field of regional policy and external relations;                           

the other Union relevant sources of funding for education, training, youth and sport, in particular the European Social Fund                              and the other financial instruments relating to employment and social inclusion, the European Regional Development Fund and                              'Horizon 2020' - the Framework Programme for Research and Innovation, as well as the financial instruments relating to justice                              and citizenship, health, external cooperation programmes and pre-accession assistance.                           

### Article 26U.K.Implementing bodies

The Programme shall be implemented in a consistent manner by the following bodies:

the Commission at Union level;

the national agencies at national level in the Programme countries.

### Article 27U.K.National authority

1.The term 'national authority' refers to one or more national authorities in accordance with national law and practice.                  

2.By 22 January 2014, the Member States shall notify the Commission, by way of a formal notification transmitted by their Permanent                        Representation, of the person(s) legally authorised to act on their behalf as the national authority for the purposes of this                        Regulation. In the event of replacement of the national authority during the course of the Programme's lifetime, the relevant                        Member State shall notify the Commission thereof immediately, in accordance with the same procedure.                  

3.The Member States shall take all appropriate measures to remove legal and administrative obstacles to the proper functioning                        of the Programme, including, where possible, measures aimed at resolving issues that give rise to difficulties in obtaining                        visas.                  

4.By 22 March 2014, the national authority shall designate a national agency or national agencies. In cases where there is more                        than one national agency, Member States shall establish an appropriate mechanism for the coordinated management of the implementation                        of the Programme at national level, particularly with a view to ensuring coherent and cost-efficient implementation of the                        Programme and effective contact with the Commission in this respect, and to facilitating the possible transfer of funds between                        agencies, thereby allowing for flexibility and better use of funds allocated to Member States. Without prejudice to Article                        29(3), each Member State shall determine how it organises the relationship between its national authority and the national                        agency, including tasks such as the establishment of the national agency's annual work programme.                  

The national authority shall provide the Commission with an appropriate ex-ante compliance assessment that the national agency                     complies with points (c)(v) and (vi) of Article 58(1) and Article 60(1), (2) and (3) of Regulation (EU, Euratom) No 966/2012,                     and Article 38 of Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) No 1268/2012(19), as well as with the Union requirements for internal control standards for national agencies and rules for the management                     of Programme funds for grant support.                  

5.The national authority shall designate an independent audit body as referred to in Article 30.                  

6.The national authority shall base its ex-ante compliance assessment on its own controls and audits, and/or on controls and                        audits undertaken by the independent audit body referred to in Article 30.                  

7.Where the national agency designated for the Programme is the same as the national agency designated for the predecessor Lifelong                        Learning or Youth in Action programmes, the scope of the controls and audits for the ex-ante compliance assessment may be                        limited to the requirements that are new and specific to the Programme.                  

8.The national authority shall monitor and supervise the management of the Programme at national level. It shall inform and                        consult the Commission in due time prior to taking any decision that may have a significant impact on the management of the                        Programme, in particular regarding its national agency.                  

9.The national authority shall provide adequate co-financing for the operations of its national agency to ensure that the Programme                        is managed in compliance with the applicable Union rules.                  

10.In the event that the Commission rejects the designation of the national agency based on its evaluation of the ex-ante compliance                        assessment, the national authority shall ensure that the necessary remedial steps are taken to enable the national agency                        to comply with the minimum requirements set by the Commission, or shall designate another body as national agency.                  

11.Based on the national agency's yearly management declaration, the independent audit opinion thereon and the Commission's analysis                        of the national agency's compliance and performance, the national authority shall provide the Commission, by 31 October of                        each year, with information concerning its monitoring and supervision activities in relation to the Programme.                  

12.The national authority shall take responsibility for the proper management of the Union funds transferred by the Commission                        to the national agency by way of grant support to be awarded under the Programme.                  

13.In the event of any irregularity, negligence or fraud attributable to the national agency, or any serious shortcomings or                        underperformance on the part of the national agency, where this gives rise to claims by the Commission against the national                        agency, the national authority shall be liable to reimburse to the Commission the funds not recovered.                  

14.In the circumstances described in paragraph 13, the national authority may, on its own initiative or upon request from the                        Commission, revoke the mandate of the national agency. Should the national authority wish to revoke that mandate for any other                        justified reason, it shall notify the Commission of the revocation at least six months before the envisaged date of termination                        of the mandate of the national agency. In such cases, the national authority and the Commission shall formally agree on specific                        and timed transition measures.                  

15.In the event of revocation, the national authority shall carry out the necessary controls regarding the Union funds entrusted                        to the national agency whose mandate has been revoked, and shall ensure an unimpeded transfer to the new national agency of                        those funds and of all documents and management tools required for the management of the Programme. The national authority                        shall provide the national agency whose mandate has been revoked with the necessary financial support to continue to meet                        its contractual obligations vis-à-vis the beneficiaries of the Programme and the Commission pending the transfer of those                        obligations to a new national agency.                  

16.If so requested by the Commission, the national authority shall designate the institutions or organisations, or the types                        of such institutions and organisations, to be considered eligible to participate in specific Programme actions in their respective                        territories.                  

### Article 28U.K.National agency

1.The term 'national agency' refers to one or more national agencies in accordance with national law and practice.                  

2.The national agency shall:                  

(a)have legal personality or be part of an entity having legal personality, and be governed by the law of the Member State concerned;                        a ministry may not be designated as a national agency;                  

(b)have the adequate management capacity, staff and infrastructure to fulfil its tasks satisfactorily, ensuring efficient and                        effective management of the Programme and sound financial management of Union funds;                  

(c)have the operational and legal means to apply the administrative, contractual and financial management rules laid down at                        Union level;                  

(d)offer adequate financial guarantees, issued preferably by a public authority, corresponding to the level of Union funds it                        will be called upon to manage;                  

(e)be designated for the duration of the Programme.                  

3.The national agency shall be responsible for managing all stages of the project lifecycle of the following Programme actions,                        in conformity with points (c)(v) and (vi) of Article 58(1) of Regulation (EU, Euratom) No 966/2012 and with Article 44 of                        Delegated Regulation (EU) No 1268/2012:                  

(a)learning mobility of individuals, with the exception of mobility organised on the basis of joint or double/multiple degrees,                        large-scale volunteering projects and the Student Loan Guarantee Facility;                  

(b)strategic partnerships within the action 'cooperation for innovation and the exchange of good practices';                  

(c)the management of small-scale activities supporting the structured dialogue in the youth field within the action 'support                        for policy reform'.                  

4.By way of derogation from paragraph 3, the selection and award decisions for the strategic partnerships referred to in point                        (b) of paragraph 3 may be managed at Union level, if a decision to that effect is taken in accordance with the examination                        procedure referred to in Article 36(3) and only in specific cases where there are clear grounds for such centralisation.                  

5.The national agency shall issue grant support to beneficiaries either by way of a grant agreement or a grant decision, as                        specified by the Commission for the Programme action concerned.                  

6.The national agency shall report each year to the Commission and to its national authority in accordance with Article 60(5)                        of Regulation (EU, Euratom) No 966/2012. The national agency shall be in charge of implementing the observations issued by                        the Commission following its analysis of the yearly management declaration and of the independent audit opinion thereon.                  

7.The national agency may not without prior written authorisation from the national authority and the Commission delegate to                        a third party any task of Programme or budget implementation conferred on it. The national agency shall retain sole responsibility                        for any tasks delegated to a third party.                  

8.Where the mandate of a national agency is revoked, that national agency shall remain legally responsible for meeting its contractual                        obligations vis-à-vis the beneficiaries of the Programme and the Commission pending the transfer of those obligations to a                        new national agency.                  

9.The national agency shall be in charge of managing and winding up the financial agreements relating to the predecessor Lifelong                        Learning and Youth in Action programmes that are still open at the beginning of the Programme.                  

### Article 29U.K.European Commission

1.Within two months of receipt from the national authority of the ex-ante compliance assessment referred to in Article 27(4),                        the Commission shall accept, conditionally accept or reject the designation of the national agency. The Commission shall not                        enter into a contractual relationship with the national agency until it has accepted the ex-ante compliance assessment. In                        the event of conditional acceptance, the Commission may apply proportionate precautionary measures to its contractual relationship                        with the national agency.                  

2.Upon accepting the ex-ante compliance assessment by the national agency designated for the Programme, the Commission shall                        formalise the legal responsibilities with regard to the financial agreements relating to the predecessor Lifelong Learning                        and Youth in Action programmes which are still open at the start of the Programme.                  

3.In accordance with Article 27(4), the document governing the contractual relationship between the Commission and the national                        agency shall:                  

(a)stipulate the internal control standards for national agencies and the rules for the management of the Union funds for grant                        support by the national agencies;                  

(b)include the national agency work programme comprising the management tasks of the national agency to which Union support is                        provided;                  

(c)specify the reporting requirements for the national agency.                  

4.The Commission shall each year make the following Programme funds available to the national agency:                  

(a)funds for grant support in the Member State concerned for the actions of the Programme the management of which is entrusted                        to the national agency;                  

(b)a financial contribution in support of the Programme management tasks of the national agency. This shall be provided in the                        form of a flat-rate contribution to the operational costs of the national agency and shall be established on the basis of                        the amount of Union funds for grant support entrusted to the national agency.                  

5.The Commission shall set the requirements for the national agency work programme. The Commission shall not make Programme                        funds available to the national agency until the Commission has formally approved the national agency's work programme.                  

6.On the basis of the compliance requirements for national agencies referred to in Article 27(4), the Commission shall review                        the national management and control systems, in particular on the basis of the ex-ante compliance assessment provided to it                        by the national authority, the national agency's yearly management declaration and the opinion of the independent audit body                        thereon, taking due account of the yearly information provided by the national authority on its monitoring and supervision                        activities with regard to the Programme.                  

7.After assessing the yearly management declaration and the opinion of the independent audit body thereon, the Commission shall                        address its opinion and observations thereon to the national agency and the national authority.                  

8.In the event that the Commission cannot accept the yearly management declaration or the independent audit opinion thereon,                        or in the event of unsatisfactory implementation by the national agency of the Commission's observations, the Commission may                        implement any precautionary and corrective measures necessary to safeguard the Union's financial interests in accordance with                        Article 60(4) of Regulation (EU, Euratom) No 966/2012.                  

9.The Commission shall organise regular meetings with the network of national agencies in order to ensure coherent implementation                        of the Programme across all Programme countries.                  

### Article 30U.K.Independent audit body

1.The independent audit body shall issue an audit opinion on the yearly management declaration referred to in Article 60(5)                        of Regulation (EU, Euratom) No 966/2012.                  

2.The independent audit body shall:                  

(a)have the necessary professional competence to carry out public sector audits;                  

(b)ensure that its audits take account of internationally accepted audit standards;                  

(c)not be in a position of conflict of interest with regard to the legal entity of which the national agency forms part. In particular,                        it shall be independent, in terms of its functions, of the legal entity of which the national agency forms part.                  

3.The independent audit body shall give the Commission and its representatives, as well as the Court of Auditors, full access                        to all documents and reports in support of the audit opinion that it issues on the national agency's yearly management declaration.                  

## *CHAPTER IX*U.K.***Control system***

### Article 31U.K.Principles of the control system

1.The Commission shall take appropriate measures ensuring that, when actions financed under this Regulation are implemented,                        the financial interests of the Union are protected by the application of measures to prevent fraud, corruption and any other                        illegal activities, by effective controls and, if irregularities are detected, by the recovery of the amounts wrongly paid                        and, where appropriate, by effective, proportionate and dissuasive penalties.                  

2.The Commission shall be responsible for the supervisory controls with regard to the Programme actions and activities managed                        by the national agencies. It shall set the minimum requirements for the controls by the national agency and the independent                        audit body.                  

3.The national agency shall be responsible for the primary controls of grant beneficiaries for the Programme actions and activities                        referred to in Article 28(3). Those controls shall give reasonable assurance that the grants awarded are used as intended                        and in compliance with the applicable Union rules.                  

4.With regard to the Programme funds transferred to the national agencies, the Commission shall ensure proper coordination of                        its controls with the national authorities and the national agencies, on the basis of the single audit principle and following                        a risk-based analysis. This provision shall not apply to investigations carried out by the European Anti-Fraud Office (OLAF).                  

### Article 32U.K.Protection of the financial interests of the Union

1.The Commission or its representatives and the Court of Auditors shall have the power to conduct audits, on the basis of documents                        and on the spot, in relation to all grant beneficiaries, contractors, subcontractors and other third parties who have received                        Union funds. They may also conduct audits and carry out controls in relation to the national agencies.                  

2.OLAF may carry out on-the-spot controls and inspections of economic operators concerned directly or indirectly by such funding                        in accordance with the procedure laid down in Council Regulation (Euratom, EC) No 2185/96(20), with a view to establishing whether there has been fraud, corruption or any other illegal activity affecting the financial                        interests of the Union in connection with a grant agreement or grant decision or a contract concerning Union funding.                  

3.Without prejudice to paragraphs 1 and 2, cooperation agreements with third countries and international organisations, and                        grant agreements, grant decisions and contracts resulting from the implementation of this Regulation, shall expressly empower                        the Commission, the Court of Auditors and OLAF to conduct such audits and carry out on-the-spot controls and inspections.                  

## *CHAPTER X*U.K.***Delegation of powers and implementing provisions***

### Article 33U.K.Delegation of powers to the Commission

In order to place the management of tasks at the most appropriate level, the Commission shall be empowered to adopt delegated                     acts in accordance with Article 34 concerning the amendment of Article 28(3), but only in respect of providing for additional                     actions to be managed by the national agencies.                  

### Article 34U.K.Exercise of the delegation

1.The power to adopt delegated acts is conferred on the Commission subject to the conditions laid down in this Article.                  

2.The power to adopt delegated acts referred to in Article 33 shall be conferred on the Commission for the duration of the Programme.                  

3.The delegation of power referred to in Article 33 may be revoked at any time by the European Parliament or by the Council.                        A decision to revoke shall put an end to the delegation of the power specified in that decision. It shall take effect the                        day following the publication of the decision in the *Official Journal of the European Union* or at a later date specified therein. It shall not affect the validity of any delegated acts already in force.                  

4.As soon as it adopts a delegated act, the Commission shall notify it simultaneously to the European Parliament and to the                        Council.                  

5.A delegated act adopted pursuant to Article 33 shall enter into force only if no objection has been expressed either by the                        European Parliament or the Council within a period of two months of notification of that act to the European Parliament and                        the Council or if, before the expiry of that period, the European Parliament and the Council have both informed the Commission                        that they will not object. That period shall be extended by two months at the initiative of the European Parliament or of                        the Council.                  

### Article 35U.K.Implementation of the Programme

In order to implement the Programme, the Commission shall adopt annual work programmes by way of implementing acts in accordance                     with the examination procedure referred to in Article 36(3). Each annual work programme shall ensure that the general and                     specific objectives set out in Articles 4, 5, 11 and 16 are implemented annually in a consistent manner and shall outline                     the expected results, the method of implementation and its total amount. The annual work programmes shall also contain a description                     of the actions to be financed, an indication of the amount allocated to each action and of the distribution of funds between                     the Member States for the actions to be managed through the national agencies, and an indicative implementation timetable.                     They shall include, in the case of grants, the maximum rate of co-financing, which shall take into account the specificities                     of the target groups, in particular their co-financing capacity and the possibilities of attracting funding from third parties.                     In particular, for actions targeting organisations with limited financial capacities, the rate of co-financing shall be set                     at least at 50 %.                  

### Article 36U.K.Committee procedure

1.The Commission shall be assisted by a committee. That committee shall be a committee within the meaning of Regulation (EU)                        No 182/2011.                  

2.The committee may meet in specific configurations to deal with sectoral issues. Where appropriate, in accordance with its                        rules of procedure and on an ad hoc basis, external experts, including representatives of the social partners, may be invited                        to participate in its meetings as observers.                  

3.Where reference is made to this paragraph, Article 5 of Regulation (EU) No 182/2011 shall apply.                  

## *CHAPTER XI*U.K.***Final provisions***

### Article 37U.K.Repeal and transitional provisions

1.Decisions No 1719/2006/EC, No 1720/2006/EC and No 1298/2008/EC shall be repealed with effect from 1 January 2014.                  

2.Actions initiated on or before 31 December 2013 on the basis of Decisions No 1719/2006/EC, No 1720/2006/EC and No 1298/2008/EC                        shall be administered, where relevant, in conformity with the provisions of this Regulation.                  

3.Member States shall ensure at national level the unimpeded transition between the actions carried out in the context of the                        previous programmes in the fields of lifelong learning, youth and international cooperation in higher education and those                        to be implemented under the Programme.                  

### Article 38U.K.Entry into force

This Regulation shall enter into force on the day following that of its publication in the *Official Journal of the European Union*.                  

It shall apply from 1 January 2014.

This Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States.

Done at Strasbourg, 11 December 2013.

*For the European Parliament*                            

*The President*                            

M. Schulz                            

*For the Council*                            

*The President*                            

V. Leškevičius                            

## ANNEX IU.K.**INDICATORS FOR THE EVALUATION OF THE PROGRAMME**

The Programme will be monitored closely on the basis of a set of indicators intended to measure the extent to which the general                     and specific objectives of the Programme have been achieved and with a view to minimising administrative burdens and costs.                     To that end, data will be collected as regards the following set of key indicators:                  

## ANNEX IIU.K.**TECHNICAL INFORMATION CONCERNING THE STUDENT LOAN GUARANTEE FACILITY**

### 1.Selection of financial intermediariesU.K.

Following a call for expressions of interest, financial intermediaries shall be selected in conformity with best market practice,                     having regard to, inter alia:                  

the volume of financing to be made available to students;

the most favourable possible terms offered to students, subject to compliance with the minimum standards of lending as set                              out in paragraph 2;                           

access to finance by all residents of Programme countries as referred to in Article 24(1);

fraud prevention measures; and

adherence to Directive 2008/48/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council(21).                           

### 2.Protection for borrowersU.K.

The following safeguards are the minimum terms which must be provided by financial intermediaries wishing to provide student                     loans guaranteed by the Student Loan Guarantee Facility:                  

no collateral or parental guarantee shall be requested;

loans shall be granted on a non-discriminatory basis;

as part of the assessment process, the financial intermediary shall consider the student's risk of over-indebtedness, taking                              into account levels of accrued debt and any judicial decision relating to an unpaid debt; and                           

repayment shall be based upon a hybrid model combining 'mortgage-based' standardised payments with social safeguards, in particular:

an interest rate that is significantly lower than the market rate;

an initial grace period before the commencement of repayments, lasting a minimum of 12 months after the end of the study programme                                       or, where national law does not provide for such delays, a provision whereby nominal repayments are to be made during that                                       12-month period;                                    

a provision for a 'repayment holiday' of a minimum duration of 12 months over the lifetime of the loan, which can be invoked                                       at the graduate's request, or, where national law does not provide for such delays, a provision whereby nominal repayments                                       are to be made during that 12-month period;                                    

an option to defer the payment of interest during the study period;

insurance against death or disability; and

no penalties for early total or partial repayment.

Financial intermediaries may offer income-contingent repayments, as well as improved terms such as longer grace periods, longer                     'repayment holidays' or later maturity, to take into account specific needs of graduates, such as those who subsequently pursue                     doctoral studies, or to allow graduates more time in which to find employment. The provision of such improved terms shall                     be taken into consideration in the procedure for the selection of financial intermediaries.                  

### 3.Monitoring and evaluationU.K.

The Student Loan Guarantee Facility shall be subject to monitoring and evaluation, as referred to in Article 21 of this Regulation,                     and on the basis of Article 140(8) of Regulation (EU, Euratom) No 966/2012.                  

As part of this process, the Commission shall report on the effects of the Student Loan Guarantee Facility on beneficiaries                     and on higher education systems. The Commission's report shall include, inter alia, data on, as well as proposed measures                     to deal with any areas of concern with regard to:                  

the number of students in receipt of loans backed by the Student Loan Guarantee Facility, including data on their completion                              rates;                           

the volume of lending contracted by financial intermediaries;

the level of interest rates;

outstanding debt and default levels, including any measures taken by financial intermediaries against those who default on                              their loans;                           

fraud prevention measures taken by financial intermediaries;

the profile of students supported, including their socio-economic background, subject of study, country of origin and country                              of destination, in accordance with national data protection legislation;                           

geographical balance of uptake; and

geographical coverage of financial intermediaries.

Notwithstanding the powers conferred on the European Parliament and the Council by Article 140(9) of Regulation (EU, Euratom)                     No 966/2012, the Commission shall consider proposing appropriate regulatory changes, including legislative changes, if the                     predicted market uptake or the participation of financial intermediaries is not satisfactory.                  

### 4.BudgetU.K.

The budgetary allocation shall cover the full cost of the Student Loan Guarantee Facility, including payment obligations towards                     participating financial intermediaries calling upon the partial guarantees and management fees for the EIF.                  

The budget assigned to the Student Loan Guarantee Facility, as referred to in point (c) of Article 18(2), shall be no more                     than 3,5 % of the total budget for the Programme.                  

### 5.Visibility and awareness-raisingU.K.

Each participating financial intermediary shall contribute to the promotion of the Student Loan Guarantee Facility by providing                     information to prospective students. To that end, the Commission shall, inter alia, provide national agencies in Programme                     countries with the necessary information to enable them to act as conduits for information concerning the Student Loan Guarantee                     Facility.                  

1

OJ C 181, 21.6.2012, p. 154.                           

2

OJ C 225, 27.7.2012, p. 200.                           

3

Position of the European Parliament of 19 November 2013 (not yet published in the Official Journal) and decision of the Council                              of 3 December 2013.                           

4

Decision No 1720/2006/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 15 November 2006 establishing an action programme                              in the field of lifelong learning (OJ L 327, 24.11.2006, p. 45).                           

5

Decision No 1719/2006/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 15 November 2006 establishing the Youth in Action                              programme for the period 2007 to 2013 (OJ L 327, 24.11.2006, p. 30).                           

6

Decision No 1298/2008/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 December 2008 establishing the Erasmus Mundus                              2009-2013 action programme for the enhancement of quality in higher education and the promotion of intercultural understanding                              through cooperation with third countries (OJ L 340, 19.12.2008, p. 83).                           

7

Regulation (EC) No 1905/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 18 December 2006 establishing a financing instrument                              for development cooperation (OJ L 378, 27.12.2006, p. 41).                           

8

Council Directive 2004/114/EC of 13 December 2004 on the conditions of admission of third-country nationals for the purposes                              of studies, pupil exchange, unremunerated training or voluntary service (OJ L 375, 23.12.2004, p. 12).                           

9

Decision No 2241/2004/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 15 December 2004 on a single Community framework                              for the transparency of qualifications and competences (Europass) (OJ L 390, 31.12.2004, p. 6).                           

10

Recommendation 2006/143/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 15 February 2006 on further European cooperation                              in quality assurance in higher education (OJ L 64, 4.3.2006, p. 60).                           

11

Recommendation of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 April 2008 on the establishment of the European Qualifications                              Framework for lifelong learning (OJ C 111, 6.5.2008, p. 1).                           

12

Recommendation of the European Parliament and of the Council of 18 June 2009 on the establishment of a European Credit System                              for Vocational Education and Training (ECVET) (OJ C 155, 8.7.2009, p. 11).                           

13

Recommendation of the European Parliament and of the Council of 18 June 2009 on the establishment of a European Quality Assurance                              Reference Framework for Vocational Education and Training (OJ C 155, 8.7.2009, p. 1).                           

14

OJ C 373, 20.12.2013, p. 1                            

15

Council Decision 2001/822/EC of 27 November 2001 on the association of the overseas countries and territories with the European                              Community ('Overseas Association Decision') (OJ L 314, 30.11.2001, p. 1).                           

16

Regulation (EU, Euratom) No 966/2012 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 25 October 2012 on the financial rules                              applicable to the general budget of the Union and repealing Council Regulation (EC, Euratom) No 1605/2002 (OJ L 298, 26.10.2012, p. 1).                           

17

Regulation (EU) No 182/2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 February 2011 laying down the rules and general                              principles concerning mechanisms for control by Member States of the Commission's exercise of implementing powers (OJ L 55, 28.2.2011, p. 13).                           

18

Recommendation 2006/962/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 18 December 2006 on key competences for lifelong                              learning (OJ L 394, 30.12.2006, p. 10).                           

19

Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) No 1268/2012 of 29 October 2012 on the rules of application of Regulation (EU, Euratom)                              No 966/2012 of the European Parliament and of the Council on the financial rules applicable to the general budget of the Union                              (OJ L 362, 31.12.2012, p. 1).                           

20

Council Regulation (Euratom, EC) No 2185/96 of 11 November 1996 concerning on–the–spot checks and inspections carried out                              by the Commission in order to protect the European Communities' financial interests against fraud and other irregularities                              (OJ L 292, 15.11.1996, p. 2).                           

21

Directive 2008/48/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 April 2008 on credit agreements for consumers and                              repealing Council Directive 87/102/EEC (OJ L 133, 22.5.2008, p. 66).