[Cite as State v. Baldwin, 2011-Ohio-3205.]

COURT OF APPEALS 

STARK COUNTY, OHIO 

FIFTH APPELLATE DISTRICT 

STATE OF OHIO 

 Plaintiff-Appellee 

-vsCHAD R. BALDWIN 

 Defendant-Appellant 

JUDGES: 

: Hon. W. Scott Gwin, P.J. 

: Hon. William B. Hoffman, J. 

: Hon. Julie A. Edwards, J. 

: 

: 

: Case No. 2010-CA-00330 

: 

: 

: O P I N I O N

CHARACTER OF PROCEEDING: Criminal appeal from the Stark County 

Court of Common Pleas, Case No. 2005-

CR-0649 

JUDGMENT: Affirmed 

DATE OF JUDGMENT ENTRY: June 27, 2011 

APPEARANCES: 

For Plaintiff-Appellee For Defendant-Appellant 

JOHN D. FERRERO CHAD R. BALDWIN PRO SE

STARK COUNTY PROSECUTOR Box 22243 

BY: KATHLEEN O. TATARSKY Orlando, Florida 32830 

110 Central Plaza S., Ste 510 

Canton, OH 44702
[Cite as State v. Baldwin, 2011-Ohio-3205.]

Gwin, P.J. 

{¶1} Defendant-appellant Chad R. Baldwin appeals the October 27, 2010 

Judgment Entry of the Stark County Court of Common Pleas denying his second motion 

for new trial. Plaintiff-appellee is the State of Ohio. 

STATEMENT OF THE FACTS AND CASE 

{¶2} On July 15, 2005, the Stark County Grand Jury indicted appellant on one 

count of grand theft in violation of R.C. 2913.02. The indictment alleged as a continuous 

course of conduct from May 1, 2004 through January 14, 2005, appellant purposefully 

deprived his employer, Midwest Direct, of money in excess of $5,000.00 but less than 

$100,000.00. Appellant processed credit card charge backs from the business account 

to his personal credit card. Appellant admitted to the credit card charge backs 

contending he was owed the monies as wage reimbursements. State v. Baldwin, Stark 

App. No. 2009-CA-00186, 2010-Ohio-31891. [Hereinafter cited as “Baldwin II”]. 

{¶3} A jury trial commenced on January 9, 2006. The jury found appellant guilty 

as charged. By Judgment Entry filed February 17, 2006, the trial court sentenced 

appellant to sixteen months in prison, but granted judicial release on April 17, 2006. On 

July 9, 2007, this Court affirmed appellant's conviction in State v. Baldwin, Stark App. 

No.2006CA00076, 2007-Ohio-3511.2

 [Hereinafter cited as “Baldwin I”]. 

{¶4} Subsequent to his criminal conviction, appellant filed a lawsuit against his 

employer in the Federal District Court, Northern District of Ohio, alleging Midwest Direct 

 

1 Baldwin II was appellant’s appeal from the trial court’s denial of his first motion for a new trial. 

2 A recitation of the facts supporting appellant's conviction may be found therein but we find doing so 

again unnecessary to our resolution of this appeal. 
Stark County, Case No. 2010-CA-00330 3 

violated Federal wage laws and claiming monies owed for back wages. The parties 

subsequently settled the lawsuit. Baldwin II at ¶ 5. 

{¶5} On November 18, 2008, appellant filed his first motion for a new trial with 

the trial court alleging newly discovered evidence. Specifically, appellant asserted newly 

discovered evidence in the settlement of the federal lawsuit relative to his wage claims 

and inconsistent testimony of prior fellow employees in that lawsuit and his criminal trial. 

The trial court conducted a hearing on appellant's motion for new trial on December 10, 

2008. On June 15, 2009, the trial court, via Judgment Entry, denied appellant's motion 

for a new trial. Baldwin II at ¶ 6. This court, on July 6, 2010, affirmed the trial court's 

ruling that appellant was not entitled to a new trial. See, Baldwin II. 

{¶6} On August 9, 2010 appellant filed a motion for a new trial claiming newly 

discovered evidence; a motion for a new trial claiming misconduct of certain prosecution 

witnesses who had testified during his original criminal trial and a motion requesting that 

the trial court issue an order finding appellant was unavoidably delayed from 

discovering the new evidence within one hundred twenty (120) days of his conviction. 

Appellant attached to these motions various documents obtained during the 

aforementioned federal lawsuit against his employer. The State of Ohio filed a response 

to the appellant’s motions on October 26, 2010. The trial court overruled each of 

appellant’s motions by judgment entry filed October 27, 2010. 

{¶7} It is from the trial court’s October 27, 2010 Judgment Entry denying his 

motion for a new trial claiming newly discovered evidence; his motion for a new trial 

claiming misconduct of certain prosecution witnesses who had testified during his 

original criminal trial and motion requesting that the trial court issue an order finding 
Stark County, Case No. 2010-CA-00330 4 

appellant was unavoidably delayed from discovering the new evidence within one 

hundred twenty (120) days of his conviction that appellant has appealed raising as his 

sole Assignment of Error: 

{¶8} “I. THE TRIAL COURT ERRED AND ABUSED ITS DISCRETION IN 

DENYING APPELLANT'S REQUEST FOR: 1) AN ORDER OF THE COURT THAT THE 

APPELLANT WAS UNAVOIDABLY PREVENTED FROM DISCOVERING NEW 

EVIDENCE WITHIN ONE HUNDRED TWENTY DAYS OF THE VERDICT OF THE 

JURY; 2) MOTION FOR NEW TRIAL BASED ON NEWLY DISCOVERED EVIDENCE; 

AND 3) MOTION FOR NEW TRIAL DUE TO MISCONDUCT OF THE WITNESSES 

FOR THE STATE.” 

I. 

{¶9} Ohio Civil Rule 33 governs motions for a new trial: 

{¶10} “(A) Grounds 

{¶11} “A new trial may be granted on motion of the defendant for any of the 

following causes affecting materially his substantial rights: 

{¶12} “ * * * 

{¶13} “(6) When new evidence material to the defense is discovered which the 

defendant could not with reasonable diligence have discovered and produced at the 

trial. When a motion for a new trial is made upon the ground of newly discovered 

evidence, the defendant must produce at the hearing on the motion, in support thereof, 

the affidavits of the witnesses by whom such evidence is expected to be given, and if 

time is required by the defendant to procure such affidavits, the court may postpone the 

hearing of the motion for such length of time as is reasonable under all the 
Stark County, Case No. 2010-CA-00330 5 

circumstances of the case. The prosecuting attorney may produce affidavits or other 

evidence to impeach the affidavits of such witnesses.” (Emphasis added.) 

{¶14} “To warrant the granting of a motion for a new trial on the ground of newly 

discovered evidence, it must be shown that the new evidence (1) discloses a strong 

probability that it will change the result of a new trial if granted; (2) has been discovered 

since the trial; (3) is such as could not in the exercise of due diligence have been 

discovered before the trial; (4) is material to the issues; (5) is not merely cumulative to 

former evidence; and (6) does not merely impeach or contradict the former evidence.” 

State v. Petro (1947), 148 Ohio St. 505, 76 N.E.2d 370, syllabus. 

{¶15} “The granting of a motion for a new trial upon the ground named [newly 

discovered evidence] is necessarily committed to the wise discretion of the court, and a 

court of error cannot reverse unless there has been a gross abuse of that discretion. 

And whether that discretion has been abused must be disclosed from the entire record.” 

State v. Petro, supra, 148 Ohio St. at 507 and 508, 76 N.E.2d 370. (Quoting State v. 

Lopa (1917), 96 Ohio St. 410, 411, 117 N.E. 319.) An abuse of discretion is more than 

an error of law or judgment and implies that the court's attitude is unreasonable, 

arbitrary or unconscionable. Blakemore v. Blakemore (1983), 5 Ohio St.3d 217, 219, 

450 N.E.2d 1140. When applying the abuse of discretion standard, an appellate court 

may not substitute its judgment for that of the trial court. Pons v. Ohio State Med. Bd.

(1993), 66 Ohio St.3d 619, 621, 614 N.E.2d 748. 

{¶16} In Baldwin II appellant argued that the settlement of his federal lawsuit 

claims is conclusive, newly discovered evidence he was owed almost $25,000 in back 

wages, and he and his employer had agreed on a $400.00 weekly salary plus 
Stark County, Case No. 2010-CA-00330 6 

commissions as the amount owed to appellant. Appellant further maintained the 

credibility of the State's witnesses would have been contradicted in light of the federal 

litigation. Id. at ¶14. 

{¶17} In Baldwin II we held, 

{¶18} “Upon review of the above, Appellant has not demonstrated he was 

unavoidably prevented from discovering the alleged newly discovered evidence. Rather, 

Appellant was aware of the potential federal claims at the time of his criminal 

prosecution, but elected, upon the advice of counsel, to delay their prosecution until the 

criminal case was resolved. The claims relied upon by Appellant were known to him 

during the prosecution of the criminal charges. Furthermore, Appellant has not offered 

into the record the settlement agreement at issue. The mere fact a settlement was 

reached is not conclusive evidence of liability on the part of Midwest Direct. 

Furthermore, any alleged inconsistency in the statements of Midwest Direct employees 

in the federal lawsuit would merely serve to impeach or contradict their former testimony 

in the previous criminal trial.” Id. at ¶ 17. 

{¶19} Under the doctrine of res judicata, a final judgment of conviction bars a 

convicted defendant who was represented by counsel from raising and litigating in any 

proceeding, except an appeal from that judgment, any defense or any claimed lack of 

due process that was raised or could have been raised by the defendant at the trial, 

which resulted in that judgment of conviction, or on an appeal from that judgment. State 

v. Szefcyk (1996), 77 Ohio St.3d 93, 671 N.E.2d 233, syllabus, approving and following 

State v. Perry (1967), 10 Ohio St.2d 175, 226 N.E.2d 104, paragraph nine of the 

syllabus. It is well-settled that, "pursuant to res judicata, a defendant cannot raise an 
Stark County, Case No. 2010-CA-00330 7 

issue in a [petition] for post conviction relief if he or she could have raised the issue on 

direct appeal." State v. Reynolds (1997), 79 Ohio St.3d 158, 161, 679 N.E.2d 1131. 

Accordingly, "[t]o survive preclusion by res judicata, a petitioner must produce new 

evidence that would render the judgment void or voidable and must also show that he 

could not have appealed the claim based upon information contained in the original 

record." State v. Nemchik (Mar. 8, 2000), Lorain App. No. 98CA007279, unreported, at 

3; see, also, State v. Ferko (Oct. 3, 2001), Summit App. No. 20608, unreported, at 5; 

State v. Phillips, 9th Dist. No. 20692, 2002-Ohio-823; State v. Elmore, 5th Dist. No. 

2005-CA-32, 2005-Ohio-5940 at ¶ 18. 

{¶20} Thus, to the extent that this Court has already addressed this issue in 

Baldwin II and found that appellant is not entitled to a new trial, the doctrine of res 

judicata bars any further consideration. See State v. Szefcyk, 77 Ohio St.3d 93, 671 

N.E.2d 233, 1996-Ohio-337; State v. Perry (1967), 10 Ohio St.2d 175, 226 N.E.2d 104. 

{¶21} A review of the documents submitted in support of appellant’s motions 

does not alter this result. The documents submitted by appellant in support of his 

second motion for a new trial are solely addressed to whether he was owed funds for 

back wages from his employer. Whether his employer owed appellant back wages or 

not is not dispositive of appellant’s charges. Rather, appellant was convicted of theft in 

violation of R.C. 2913.02(A)(1) and/or (2) and/or (3) which state the following: 

{¶22} “(A) No person, with purpose to deprive the owner of property or services, 

shall knowingly obtain or exert control over either the property or services in any of the 

following ways: 
Stark County, Case No. 2010-CA-00330 8 

{¶23} “(1) Without the consent of the owner or person authorized to give 

consent; 

{¶24} “(2) Beyond the scope of the express or implied consent of the owner or 

person authorized to give consent; 

{¶25} “(3) By deception;” 

{¶26} Appellant never denied doing the credit card charge backs for his own 

benefit. He nonetheless claimed he was authorized to do so as a means of Midwest 

Direct fulfilling its salary obligation to appellant of $750.00 per week. (T. at 443-446). 

Appellant claimed Mr. Martinez told him to pay himself the weekly salary. (T. at 463). 

Baldwin I at ¶39. Thus, to cut to the chase, the issue is whether or not appellant was in 

fact authorized to pay himself any funds allegedly owed to him by debiting his credit 

card fourteen (14) times for approximately $13,186.00. (T. at 363).

{¶27} The petitioner has the burden of establishing that the new evidence 

created a strong probability of a different result if a new trial was granted. State v. 

Luckett (2001), 144 Ohio App.3d 648, 661, 761 N.E.2d 105. The evidence offered by 

appellant in support of his motions for a new trial does not address the central issue. 

Rather we find the evidence submitted is not material to the issues, is merely 

cumulative to former evidence, and, at best, merely impeaches or contradicts the former 

evidence. State v. Petro, supra. 

{¶28} Nothing in the documents submitted in support of his second motion for 

new trial shows us that Mr. Novak, Mr. Martinez, Mr. Bunnell or anyone else within the 

organization authorized appellant to utilize self-help to recoup money he felt he was 
Stark County, Case No. 2010-CA-00330 9 

owed by his employer. We find nothing in the documents appellant attached to his 

motions that would justify a new trial, even if the documents were taken at face value. 

{¶29} Accordingly, the trial court did not err in denying his motion for a new trial 

claiming newly discovered evidence; his motion for a new trial claiming misconduct of 

certain prosecution witnesses who had testified during his original criminal trial and 

motion requesting that the trial court issue an order finding appellant was unavoidably 

delayed from discovering the new evidence within one hundred twenty (120) days of his 

conviction. 

{¶30} Appellant’s sole assignment of error is overruled. 
Stark County, Case No. 2010-CA-00330 10 

{¶31} Accordingly, the October 27, 2010 Judgment Entry of the Stark County 

Court of Common Pleas denying appellant's motion for a new trial claiming newly 

discovered evidence; his motion for a new trial claiming misconduct of certain 

prosecution witnesses who had testified during his original criminal trial and motion 

requesting that the trial court issue an order finding appellant was unavoidably delayed 

from discovering the new evidence within one hundred twenty (120) days of his 

conviction is affirmed. 

By Gwin, P.J., 

Hoffman, J., and 

Edwards, J., concur 

 

 _________________________________ 

 HON. W. SCOTT GWIN 

 _________________________________ 

 HON. WILLIAM B. HOFFMAN 

 _________________________________ 

 HON. JULIE A. EDWARDS 

 

WSG:clw 0607 
[Cite as State v. Baldwin, 2011-Ohio-3205.]

IN THE COURT OF APPEALS FOR STARK COUNTY, OHIO 

FIFTH APPELLATE DISTRICT 

STATE OF OHIO : 

 : 

 Plaintiff-Appellee : 

 : 

 : 

-vs- : JUDGMENT ENTRY 

 : 

CHAD R. BALDWIN : 

 : 

 : 

 Defendant-Appellant : CASE NO. 2010-CA-00330 

 For the reasons stated in our accompanying Memorandum-Opinion, the judgment of 

the Stark County Court of Common Pleas, Stark County, Ohio, is affirmed. Costs to 

appellant. 

 _________________________________ 

 HON. W. SCOTT GWIN 

 _________________________________ 

 HON. WILLIAM B. HOFFMAN 

 _________________________________ 

 HON. JULIE A. EDWARDS