# L_2016326EN.01000101.xml

| 1.12.2016 | EN | Official Journal of the European Union | L 326/1 |
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1.12.2016

EN

Official Journal of the European Union

L 326/1

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COMMISSION DELEGATED REGULATION (EU) 2016/2095

of 26 September 2016

amending Regulation (EEC) No 2568/91 on the characteristics of olive oil and olive-residue oil and on the relevant methods of analysis

THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION,

Having regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,

Having regard to Regulation (EU) No 1308/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 December 2013 establishing a common organisation of the markets in agricultural products and repealing Council Regulations (EEC) No 922/72, (EEC) No 234/79, (EC) No 1037/2001 and (EC) No 1234/2007 (1), and in particular Article 75(2) thereof,

Whereas:

| (1) | Commission Regulation (EEC) No 2568/91 (2) defines the physico-chemical and organoleptic characteristics of olive oil and olive-pomace oil and lays down methods of assessing those characteristics. Those methods and the limit values for the characteristics of oils are regularly updated on the basis of the opinion of chemical experts and in line with the work carried out within the International Olive Council (IOC). |
| --- | --- |

(1)

Commission Regulation (EEC) No 2568/91 (2) defines the physico-chemical and organoleptic characteristics of olive oil and olive-pomace oil and lays down methods of assessing those characteristics. Those methods and the limit values for the characteristics of oils are regularly updated on the basis of the opinion of chemical experts and in line with the work carried out within the International Olive Council (IOC).

| (2) | In order to ensure the implementation at Union level of the most recent international standards established by the IOC, the limit values for fatty acid ethyl ester, heptadecanoic, heptadecenoic, eicosenoic acids and the specific extinction coefficient at wavelength 270 nm laid down in Annex I to Regulation (EEC) No 2568/91 should be adjusted. At the same time, in order to ensure consistency with the presentation of purity and quality parameters of the IOC standard, that presentation should be reflected in that Annex. |
| --- | --- |

(2)

In order to ensure the implementation at Union level of the most recent international standards established by the IOC, the limit values for fatty acid ethyl ester, heptadecanoic, heptadecenoic, eicosenoic acids and the specific extinction coefficient at wavelength 270 nm laid down in Annex I to Regulation (EEC) No 2568/91 should be adjusted. At the same time, in order to ensure consistency with the presentation of purity and quality parameters of the IOC standard, that presentation should be reflected in that Annex.

| (3) | Regulation (EEC) No 2568/91 should therefore be amended accordingly, |
| --- | --- |

(3)

Regulation (EEC) No 2568/91 should therefore be amended accordingly,

HAS ADOPTED THIS REGULATION:

Article 1

Annex I to Regulation (EEC) No 2568/91 is replaced by the text set out in the Annex to this Regulation.

Article 2

This Regulation shall enter into force on the third day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.

This Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States.

Done at Brussels, 26 September 2016.

For the Commission

The President

Jean-Claude JUNCKER

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(1)  
  OJ L 347, 20.12.2013, p. 671.

1

(2)  Commission Regulation (EEC) No 2568/91 of 11 July 1991 on the characteristics of olive oil and olive-residue oil and on the relevant methods of analysis (OJ L 248, 5.9.1991, p. 1).

2

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ANNEX

‘ANNEX I

OLIVE OIL CHARACTERISTICS

Quality characteristics

| Category | Acidity
  (%) (*) | Peroxide índex
  mEq O2/kg (*) | K232 (*) | K268 or K270 (*) | Delta-K (*) | Organoleptic evaluation | Fatty acid ethyl esters
  mg/kg (*) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Median of defect (Md) (*) | Fruity median (Mf) (*) |
| 1. | Extra virgin olive oil |

Category

Acidity

(%) (*)

Peroxide índex

mEq O2/kg (*)

K232 (*)

K268 or K270 (*)

Delta-K (*)

Organoleptic evaluation

Fatty acid ethyl esters

mg/kg (*)

Median of defect (Md) (*)

Fruity median (Mf) (*)

1.

Extra virgin olive oil

≤ 0,8

≤ 20

≤ 2,50

≤ 0,22

≤ 0,01

Md = 0

Mf > 0

≤ 35

| 2. | Virgin olive oil |
| --- | --- |

2.

Virgin olive oil

≤ 2,0

≤ 20

≤ 2,60

≤ 0,25

≤ 0,01

Md ≤ 3,5

Mf > 0

—

| 3. | Lampante olive oil |
| --- | --- |

3.

Lampante olive oil

> 2,0

—

—

—

—

Md > 3,5 (1)

—

—

| 4. | Refined olive oil |
| --- | --- |

4.

Refined olive oil

≤ 0,3

≤ 5

—

≤ 1,25

≤ 0,16

—

—

—

| 5. | Olive oil composed of refined and virgin olive oils |
| --- | --- |

5.

Olive oil composed of refined and virgin olive oils

≤ 1,0

≤ 15

—

≤ 1,15

≤ 0,15

—

—

—

| 6. | Crude olive-pomace oil |
| --- | --- |

6.

Crude olive-pomace oil

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

| 7. | Refined olive-pomace oil |
| --- | --- |

7.

Refined olive-pomace oil

≤ 0,3

≤ 5

—

≤ 2,00

≤ 0,20

—

—

—

| 8. | Olive-pomace oil |
| --- | --- |

8.

Olive-pomace oil

≤ 1,0

≤ 15

—

≤ 1,70

≤ 0,18

—

—

—

Purity characteristics

| Category | Fatty acid content (2) | Total transoleic isomers
  (%) | Total translinoleic + translinolenic isomers
  (%) | Stigmastadienes
  mg/kg (3) | Difference: ECN42 (HPLC) and ECN42
  (theoretical calculation) | 2-glyceril monopalmitate
  (%) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Myristic
  (%) | Linolenic
  (%) | Arachidic
  (%) | Eicosenoic
  (%) | Behenic
  (%) | Lignoceric
  (%) |
| 1. | Extra virgin olive oil |

Category

Fatty acid content (2)

Total transoleic isomers

(%)

Total translinoleic + translinolenic isomers

(%)

Stigmastadienes

mg/kg (3)

Difference: ECN42 (HPLC) and ECN42

(theoretical calculation)

2-glyceril monopalmitate

(%)

Myristic

(%)

Linolenic

(%)

Arachidic

(%)

Eicosenoic

(%)

Behenic

(%)

Lignoceric

(%)

1.

Extra virgin olive oil

≤ 0,03

≤ 1,00

≤ 0,60

≤ 0,50

≤ 0,20

≤ 0,20

≤ 0,05

≤ 0,05

≤ 0,05

≤ 0,2

≤ 0,9 if total palmitic acid % ≤ 14 %

≤ 1,0 if total palmitic acid % > 14 %

| 2. | Virgin olive oil |
| --- | --- |

2.

Virgin olive oil

≤ 0,03

≤ 1,00

≤ 0,60

≤ 0,50

≤ 0,20

≤ 0,20

≤ 0,05

≤ 0,05

≤ 0,05

≤ 0,2

≤ 0,9 if total palmitic acid % ≤ 14 %

≤ 1,0 if total palmitic acid % > 14 %

| 3. | Lampante olive oil |
| --- | --- |

3.

Lampante olive oil

≤ 0,03

≤ 1,00

≤ 0,60

≤ 0,50

≤ 0,20

≤ 0,20

≤ 0,10

≤ 0,10

≤ 0,50

≤ 0,3

≤ 0,9 if total palmitic acid % ≤ 14 %

≤ 1,1 if total palmitic acid % > 14 %

| 4. | Refined olive oil |
| --- | --- |

4.

Refined olive oil

≤ 0,03

≤ 1,00

≤ 0,60

≤ 0,50

≤ 0,20

≤ 0,20

≤ 0,20

≤ 0,30

—

≤ 0,3

≤ 0,9 if total palmitic acid % ≤ 14 %

≤ 1,1 if total palmitic acid % > 14 %

| 5. | Olive oil composed of refined and virgin olive oils |
| --- | --- |

5.

Olive oil composed of refined and virgin olive oils

≤ 0,03

≤ 1,00

≤ 0,60

≤ 0,50

≤ 0,20

≤ 0,20

≤ 0,20

≤ 0,30

—

≤ 0,3

≤ 0,9 if total palmitic acid % ≤ 14 %

≤ 1,0 if total palmitic acid % > 14 %

| 6. | Crude olive-pomace oil |
| --- | --- |

6.

Crude olive-pomace oil

≤ 0,03

≤ 1,00

≤ 0,60

≤ 0,50

≤ 0,30

≤ 0,20

≤ 0,20

≤ 0,10

—

≤ 0,6

≤ 1,4

| 7. | Refined olive-pomace oil |
| --- | --- |

7.

Refined olive-pomace oil

≤ 0,03

≤ 1,00

≤ 0,60

≤ 0,50

≤ 0,30

≤ 0,20

≤ 0,40

≤ 0,35

—

≤ 0,5

≤ 1,4

| 8. | Olive-pomace oil |
| --- | --- |

8.

Olive-pomace oil

≤ 0,03

≤ 1,00

≤ 0,60

≤ 0,50

≤ 0,30

≤ 0,20

≤ 0,40

≤ 0,35

—

≤ 0,5

≤ 1,2

| Category | Sterols composition | Total sterols
  (mg/kg) | Erythrodiol and uvaol
  (%) (**) | Waxes mg/kg
  (**) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Cholesterol
  (%) | Brassicasterol
  (%) | Campesterol (4)

  (%) | Stigmasterol
  (%) | App β–sitosterol
  (%) (5) | Delta-7-stigmastenol (4)

  (%) |
| 1. | Extra virgin olive oil |

Category

Sterols composition

Total sterols

(mg/kg)

Erythrodiol and uvaol

(%) (**)

Waxes mg/kg

(**)

Cholesterol

(%)

Brassicasterol

(%)

Campesterol (4)

(%)

Stigmasterol

(%)

App β–sitosterol

(%) (5)

Delta-7-stigmastenol (4)

(%)

1.

Extra virgin olive oil

≤ 0,5

≤ 0,1

≤ 4,0

< Camp.

≥ 93,0

≤ 0,5

≥ 1 000

≤ 4,5

C42 + C44 + C46 ≤ 150

| 2. | Virgin olive oil |
| --- | --- |

2.

Virgin olive oil

≤ 0,5

≤ 0,1

≤ 4,0

< Camp.

≥ 93,0

≤ 0,5

≥ 1 000

≤ 4,5

C42 + C44 + C46 ≤ 150

| 3. | Lampante olive oil |
| --- | --- |

3.

Lampante olive oil

≤ 0,5

≤ 0,1

≤ 4,0

—

≥ 93,0

≤ 0,5

≥ 1 000

≤ 4,5 (6)

C40 + C42 + C44 + C46 ≤ 300 (6)

| 4. | Refined olive oil |
| --- | --- |

4.

Refined olive oil

≤ 0,5

≤ 0,1

≤ 4,0

< Camp.

≥ 93,0

≤ 0,5

≥ 1 000

≤ 4,5

C40 + C42 + C44 + C46 ≤ 350

| 5. | Olive oil composed of refined and virgin olive oils |
| --- | --- |

5.

Olive oil composed of refined and virgin olive oils

≤ 0,5

≤ 0,1

≤ 4,0

< Camp.

≥ 93,0

≤ 0,5

≥ 1 000

≤ 4,5

C40 + C42 + C44 + C46 ≤ 350

| 6. | Crude olive-pomace oil |
| --- | --- |

6.

Crude olive-pomace oil

≤ 0,5

≤ 0,2

≤ 4,0

—

≥ 93,0

≤ 0,5

≥ 2 500

> 4,5 (7)

C40 + C42 + C44 + C46 > 350 (7)

| 7. | Refined olive-pomace oil |
| --- | --- |

7.

Refined olive-pomace oil

≤ 0,5

≤ 0,2

≤ 4,0

< Camp.

≥ 93,0

≤ 0,5

≥ 1 800

> 4,5

C40 + C42 + C44 + C46 > 350

| 8. | Olive-pomace oil |
| --- | --- |

8.

Olive-pomace oil

≤ 0,5

≤ 0,2

≤ 4,0

< Camp.

≥ 93,0

≤ 0,5

≥ 1 600

> 4,5

C40 + C42 + C44 + C46 > 350

Notes:

| (a) | The results of the analyses must be expressed to the same number of decimal places as used for each characteristic. The last digit must be increased by one unit if the following digit is greater than 4. |
| --- | --- |

(a)

The results of the analyses must be expressed to the same number of decimal places as used for each characteristic. The last digit must be increased by one unit if the following digit is greater than 4.

| (b) | If just a single characteristic does not match the values stated, the category of an oil can be changed or the oil declared impure for the purposes of this Regulation. |
| --- | --- |

(b)

If just a single characteristic does not match the values stated, the category of an oil can be changed or the oil declared impure for the purposes of this Regulation.

| (c) | If a characteristic is marked with an asterisk (*), referring to the quality of the oil, this means the following: —for lampante olive oil, it is possible for both the relevant limits to be different from the stated values at the same time, — for virgin olive oils, if at least one of these limits is different from the stated values, the category of the oil will be changed, although they will still be classified in one of the categories of virgin olive oil. |
| --- | --- |

(c)

If a characteristic is marked with an asterisk (*), referring to the quality of the oil, this means the following: —for lampante olive oil, it is possible for both the relevant limits to be different from the stated values at the same time, — for virgin olive oils, if at least one of these limits is different from the stated values, the category of the oil will be changed, although they will still be classified in one of the categories of virgin olive oil.

| (d) | If a characteristic is marked with two asterisks (**), this means that for all types of olive-pomace oil, it is possible for both the relevant limits to be different from the stated values at the same time. |
| --- | --- |

(d)

If a characteristic is marked with two asterisks (**), this means that for all types of olive-pomace oil, it is possible for both the relevant limits to be different from the stated values at the same time.

‘Appendix

DECISION TREE

Campesterol decision tree for virgin and extra virgin olive oils:

Stigmasterol ≤ 1,4 %

Δ-7-stigmastenol ≤ 0,3 %

4,0 % < Campesterol ≤ 4,5 %

The other parameters shall comply with the limits fixed in this Regulation.

Delta-7-stigmastenol decision tree for:

| — | Extra virgin and virgin olive oils



  Δ ECN42 ≤ |0,1|
  App. β-sitosterol/ (campest + Δ7stig) ≥ 25
  Stigmasterol ≤ 1,4 %
  Campesterol ≤ 3,3 %
  0,5 % < Δ-7-stigmastenol ≤ 0,8 % |
| --- | --- |

—

Extra virgin and virgin olive oils

Δ ECN42 ≤ |0,1|

App. β-sitosterol/ (campest + Δ7stig) ≥ 25

Stigmasterol ≤ 1,4 %

Campesterol ≤ 3,3 %

0,5 % < Δ-7-stigmastenol ≤ 0,8 %

The other parameters shall comply with the limits fixed in this Regulation.

| — | Olive-pomace oils (crude and refined)



  Rest of parameters inside limits
  Stigmasterol ≤ 1,4 %
  Δ ECN42 ≤ |0,40|
  0,5 % < Δ-7-stigmastenol ≤ 0,7 % |
| --- | --- |

—

Olive-pomace oils (crude and refined)

Rest of parameters inside limits

Stigmasterol ≤ 1,4 %

Δ ECN42 ≤ |0,40|

0,5 % < Δ-7-stigmastenol ≤ 0,7 %

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(1)  The median of defect may be less than or equal to 3,5 when the fruity median is equal to 0.

1

(2)  Other fatty acids content (%): palmitic: 7,50-20,00; palmitoleic: 0,30-3,50; heptadecanoic: ≤ 0,40; heptadecenoic: ≤ 0,60; stearic: 0,50-5,00; oleic: 55,00-83,00; linoleic: 2,50-21,00.

2

(3)  Total isomers which could (or could not) be separated by capillary column.

3

(4)  See the Appendix to this Annex.

4

(5)  App β-sitosterol: Delta-5,23-stigmastadienol+chlerosterol+beta-sitosterol+sitostanol+delta-5-avenasterol+delta-5,24-stigmastadienol.

5

(6)  Oils with a wax content of between 300 mg/kg and 350 mg/kg are considered to be lampante olive oil if the total aliphatic alcohol content is less than or equal to 350 mg/kg or if the erythrodiol and uvaol content is less than or equal to 3,5 %.

6

(7)  Oils with a wax content of between 300 mg/kg and 350 mg/kg are considered to be crude olive-pomace oil if the total aliphatic alcohol content is above 350 mg/kg and if the erythrodiol and uvaol content is greater than 3,5 %.

7

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