# Patent

## Title
Portion capsule having an identifier

## Abstract

A method of making a portion capsule that includes steps of: forming a metal material into a base element that includes: i) a wall extending around a central longitudinal axis to define a cavity, and ii) a rim having a top side and an opposing bottom side; filling the cavity with a beverage material; closing the cavity by attaching a foil cover onto the top side of the rim, the cover being dimensioned and configured to be: i) pierced by the mandrel of the beverage making machine in a piercing region, and ii) sealed by the seal of the beverage making machine in a sealing region; and providing an optically detectable identifier onto the metal material so that the optically detectable identifier results on the bottom side of the rim.

## Background
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
This application claims benefit from International Application No. PCT/EP2011/003677, filed on Jul. 22, 2011, entitled PORTION CAPSULE HAVING AN IDENTIFIER, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
FIELD
These teachings relate to a beverage system for making a beverage that includes a portion capsule and a beverage machine.
BACKGROUND
The present invention relates to a portion capsule for producing a beverage, comprising a base element having a cavity in which a beverage raw material is provided and which is closed by a membrane fastened to the base element.
Such capsules are well known and are being launched onto the market in abundant variety. Since these capsules are often quite similar, it is possible that the manufacturer's capsules are used in a coffee machine designed by another manufacturer, although they are not suited for it. This may result in significant security issues and/or the coffee machine may be damaged.
The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a portion capsule which only is suitable for a specific coffee machine.
SUMMARY
The object is accomplished according to the present invention by a portion capsule for producing a beverage, comprising a base element having a cavity in which a beverage raw material is provided and which is closed by a membrane fastened to the base element, wherein it has an identifier, which allows to individualize the respective portion capsule.
The present invention relates to a capsule for producing a beverage or foodstuff, comprising a base element having a cavity in which a beverage raw material is provided. Such capsules are, for example made of plastic, natural materials and/or biodegradable materials and substantially have a base element, in particular a deep-drown base element, i.e. it is substantially designed frustoconically or cylindrically. The beverage raw material is arranged within the portion capsule's cavity and is extracted and/or dissolved in a liquid, in particular water. After the beverage raw material has been filled into the cavity the base element is usually sealed by a membrane. In particular the membrane is localized on the opposite side of the base element's bottom. The membrane can be made of the same or different material as the base element and is substantially attached to the base element using a sealing and/or an adhesive bonding. Additionally, the cavity could contain one or several built-in elements, such as, for example a filter, a non-woven, a felt, a shut-off device and/or something similar to those. For the case that a non-woven and a felt are arranged within the cavity, they are interconnected preferably. The non-woven and/or the felt can be made of several layers in such a way that the layers may differ in the kind of its starting material and/or its preparation. Moreover, the membrane and/or the bottom can be provided with a plurality of recesses (holes).
According to the present invention, it is provided that the portion capsule has an identifier that allows to individualize the respective portion capsule. In the context of this invention individualizing means that the respective portion capsule can be assigned to a group of capsules that are suitable for the coffee machine preferably. It is not necessary that the coffee machine is able to specify and/or identify the portion capsule. In fact, it is much more important that the coffee machine associates the portion capsule with a group of portion capsules, which is suitable for the coffee machine. In particular, individualizing means that those portion capsules that are not appropriate for the coffee machine cannot be inserted into and/or directly fall through the holder, which is designed for the portion capsules in the coffee machine, and/or the coffee machine operates only with the corresponding portion capsules. Preferably a sensor/detection system handles the identifier and compares it with a stored reference substantially. Preferably, the coffee machine, in particular the water-providing-pressure pump, will be activated if the detected identifier matches with the reference. Otherwise, the coffee machine will not start operating. Preferably the detection system is placed in the region of the coffee machine's media chute designed for the portion capsules. According to another preferred embodiment of the invention, the detection system may be placed in the region of the brewing chamber. Another possible embodiment of the invention provides that the identifier prevents portion capsules from inserting into the coffee machine. Alternatively, or additionally, means, in particular mechanical means, more preferably, one or more gearwheels, may be added to the media chute in order to guarantee that incorrect portion capsule cannot be inserted into the coffee machines by passing the media chute.
Preferably, the identifier is composed of surface areas having different optical properties, for example reflection. These surfaces may be localized on the membrane, the side wall and/or the bottom of the portion capsules. Preferably, the portion capsule has at least two areas which differ in their optical properties, for example the reflection characteristics.
The detection of a recess and/or a bulge is also preferred. Preferably, recess and bulges alternate and/or at least two recesses or bulges are separately placed from each other. Especially it is possible that the recess and/or the bulge form a gearwheel that is attached to the outer border and/or at least partially extends to the wall region of the portion capsule. The recess and/or bulge may be produced by any shaping method, for example by deep drawing, preferably.
Furthermore, the recess may be realized by removing material. In particular, the material's removal can be accomplished by punching or using a laser on condition that this processing does not damage a barrier layer placed in the portion capsule's material, which prevents moisture or aroma from escaping out of the portion capsule and/or water vapor or oxygen enters the capsule. The reading of the identifier, which is encoded in the recess and/or bulge, may be a result from a mechanical and/or optical method, for example. Alternatively, or additionally, the identifier can be used to avoid that the portion capsule is inserted into the coffee machine. This applies in particular to the media chute. For example, it is possible to design a portion capsule comprising a ring gear that is placed on its circumference and is compatible with another ring gear, which is placed in the media chute. If the media chute's ring gear only revolves for a corresponding ring gear of the portion capsule and its revolving allows the portion capsule to pass, only portion capsules equipped with the proper ring gear will pass the insertion lock.
According to a further subject matter of a preferred development of the present invention, the identifier may be included in the membrane. Preferably, the identifier is a layer or partial layer of the membrane. Such identifiers may be an optically detectable material, for example a fluorescent material. Furthermore, the identifier may be designed with layers made of metal or ferrous metal or stripes made of metal or ferrous metal in or on the membrane, respectively.
Preferably the identifier is a machine-readable imprint. This is realized with a print in food approved color, preferably. Fluorescent materials like paper or print materials, whose optical properties change under the influence of temperature, are favored also. Preferably the print is a barcode, a logo or a repeat pattern.
According to a further subject matter of a preferred development of the present invention, the identifier is an electrically conductive section, which can be placed all over the portion capsule, but is localized on the side wall, the edge and/or the floor preferably. The electrically conductive section, which is inserted into the coffee machine, can become part of an electric circuit, and causes therefore a measurable change, which leads to the identification of the respective portion capsule. In a further preferred embodiment, the identifier is a section made of a ferromagnetic material.
Another construction version favors a RFID chip being the identifier.
If the portion capsule is customized according to the invention, portion capsules that are not in line with the coffee machine will be prevented from inserting into the coffee machine. Furthermore, it is possible that the identifier allows to identify the portion capsule located in the brewing chamber in such a way that the production process of beverage or food may be controlled, for example by adjusting the temperature, the pressure and/or the amount of water.
According to a further subject matter of a preferred development of the present invention, the portion capsule's material is weakened in the bottom area caused by a selective material removal, for example by using a laser. The weakening is provided for piercing the portion capsules using a mandrel. This procedure is needed for the beverage's preparation. Since the material is weakened in the section, which is treated with a laser and is supposed to be pierced using the mandrel, the degree of necessary force for piercing the portion capsule is reduced. The mandrel of such coffee machines is usually equipped with a force limitation that limits the force, which is dedicated for pressing the mandrel against the portion capsule's bottom. This preparation avoids that portion capsules having no appropriate weakening can be used in such a coffee machine. Consequently, the weakening represents another kind of identifier.
According to a further subject matter of a preferred development of the present invention, the portion capsule has an edge region, which is preferably attached to the base element. Preferably, the edge is located opposite of the base element's bottom area. After the raw material has been filled in the portion capsule, a membrane can be attached to this edge region, for instance. Moreover, the edge can also designed for guiding the portion capsule into the chute in order to position the portion capsule in the brewing chamber properly. Simultaneously, it is possible to use the surface of the edge for stopping and/or sealing.
Preferably provision is made for the portion capsule to have means for fit locking, friction locking and/or detection in the edge region. The means for fit locking and/or friction locking may be used to activate a complementary mechanism, which is located in the coffee machine, in order to allow inserting the portion capsule into the coffee machine and/or starting a sensor, like a gearwheel, that transmits a signal to a control unit depending on whether the portion capsule corresponds to the coffee machine or not. Alternatively, or additionally, a detector may identify the mean for fit locking, friction locking and/or detection in order to check that the portion capsule is suitable to the respective coffee machine.
Preferably, the means for fit locking, friction locking and/or detection is a gearwheel or a gearwheel segment, which are located, in particular, in the outer area of the edge region. The teeth of the gearwheel or the gearwheel segment may be shaped in any commonly used form, which is known, for example, by an expert from gear manufacturing. Preferably, it is provided that these teeth are triangular, rectangular, square, or wavy.
Preferably, there is a sealing surface, that is arranged on the interior side relative to the gearwheel or the gearwheel segment.
Another and preferred state-of-the-art technology is a portion capsule for producing a beverage, comprising a base element substantially designed frustoconically or cylindrically, having a cavity in which a beverage raw material is provided and which is closed by a membrane fastened to the base element with the base element having a wall region and the base element having a bottom area, which is preferably located opposite to the membrane, with the wall region having several grooves and the grooves which are located between membrane and bottom area covering the wall region along its height at least partially. The grooves may be also located in the edge region, in particular on the outer area of the edge region.
This portion capsule has the advantage over the portion capsule according to the state-of-the-art technology that, for instance, the grooves reinforce the base element's wall region. On the one side, these grooves make the portion capsule more stable towards mechanical forces and prevent the portion capsule from deformation and buckling, in particular. The arrangement of the grooves, which are located at the wall region, additionally improves the performance of the portion capsule while the extraction liquid flows through it in the brewing chamber, since the arrangement of the grooves, in particular those partially expending over the wall region between membrane and bottom area, increase quality and reliability of the extraction process significantly. According to the invention another advantage is that the base element's thickness can be reduced, because the use of grooves improves the physical stability. The production of the portion capsule is therefore much less expensive and more environmentally friendly. On the other side, the grooves reduce or avoid the contact between the portion capsule's wall region and the wall of the brewing chamber. As a result, ejecting or removing the portion capsule from the brewing chamber is made easier. Another advantage of using a plurality of grooves is that the stream of the extraction liquid, which flows along the base element in the cavity, can be optimized by choosing a grooves' structure that is able, for example, to generate on the one hand a better or stronger turbulence in the extraction liquid or on the other hand a more uniform (laminar) flow of the extraction liquid, in the wall region. The control of the liquid may be obtained by the structure of the grooves itself or by using simple means additionally. A stronger turbulence compared to the one known in the state-of-the-art has the advantage that no unintended and casual main streams are formed in the raw materials. Instead, the extraction liquid equally flows through the raw material in all of the volume. Thus, the extraction process is much more efficient and can be controlled more precisely and reproducibly.
In particular, the raw material may be coffee powder (especially ground roasted coffee), chocolate powder, milk powder, tea, or the like. Alternatively, it is conceivable that the raw material is a beverage's extract, such as instant coffee for example.
In particular, the grooves are recesses and bulges, which are preferably directed along a main extension and are preferably extended along the wall portion or the periphery of the edge region. More preferably, the grooves are formed as webs and/or notches. A gearwheel, for instance, may be obtained by the grooves. Therefore, the grooves are part of the base elements' wall, optionally located on the inner side facing to the cavity and/or on the outside facing away from the cavity.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is provided that the grooves form an identifier that allows individualizing the portion capsule. In the context of this invention individualizing preferably means that the respective portion capsule can be assigned to a group of capsules that are suitable for the respective coffee machine or the machine producing a beverage. It is not necessary that the coffee machine or the device for producing a beverage is able to specify and/or identify the portion capsule. It is more important that the device for producing a beverage, in particular a coffee machine, associates the portion capsule with a group of portion capsules, which is appropriate for the respective device for producing a beverage, in particular a coffee machine. In particular, individualizing means that those portion capsules that are not appropriate for the coffee machine (or the device producing the beverage) cannot be inserted into and/or directly fall through the holder, which is designed for the portion capsules in the coffee machine (or the device producing the beverage), and/or the coffee machine (or the device producing the beverage) operates only with corresponding portion capsules (“proper portion capsule”). In particular, individualizing means that the coffee machine or the device producing the beverage will not operate properly in the intended use, if the used portion capsule is not customized according to the invention. Preferably, a sensor/detection system, attached to the coffee machine or the device producing the beverage, records the identifier and substantially compares it with a stored reference. In particular, it is possible that such an identification process is based on a mechanical fitting, especially a fitting of a gearwheel or of a contour comparable with a gearwheel, which is attached to the device producing the beverage or the coffee machine and interacts with the portion capsule. It is preferred that the device for producing the beverage or the coffee machine only will operate, if the identifier matches to the reference or the mechanical fittings match with each other. In this case the device for producing the beverage particularly starts to operate, especially activates a pressure or water pump. The mean for detection or mechanical fitting is preferably located in the region of the media chute or in the region of the device for producing the beverage. Alternatively, the identifier or the mechanical fitting may avoid that an unsuitable portion capsule is inserted into the device for producing the beverage. A portion capsule, which is designed in accordance with the invention, makes it possible that a portion capsule that is not designed for the device for producing a beverage cannot be inserted into it. Additionally, the identifier allows that the device for producing the beverage, especially the coffee machine, may specify the sort of the portion capsule and thereby control the production process of beverage and food by adapting, for example, the pressure, the temperature and/or the amount of water.
According to a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is provided that at least a part of the grooves and at least in a subarea parallel to the main plane of the membrane is gearwheel shaped.
According to the present invention, it is an advantage that it is possible to increase the stability of the portion capsule's wall region, to realize improved turbulences of the extraction liquid and thereby to improve the extraction's process under the same conditions, for example, such as material thickness and the like. Another advantage is that it is easy to generate a mechanical identifier or a mechanical fitting that matches with a fitting tool that belongs to the device for producing a beverage. According to the invention it is an further advantage that, for example, a gearwheel, which is attached to the device for producing a beverage and is, for example, located in the region of the media chute or similar, can possibly interacts with the gearwheel's contour of the portion capsule. In this way it is possible to generate a mechanical fitting that allow to individualize the portion capsule as a proper one and/or to specify the sort of portion capsule and/or to rotate the portion capsule about an axis of rotation, that is perpendicular to the membrane's main plane, by using the gearwheel's arrangement. Such an embodiment of the invention makes it possible that the portion capsule is always opened with the device for producing a beverage on the same spot (with respect to its angular position) and therefore the raw material is extracted on the same manner. Moreover, the grooves prevent the portion capsule from being inserted into the coffee machine.
In a preferred version of the invention, it is provided that there is a flange/edge region being averted from the bottom region, for fixing the membrane to the base element, where in the wall region between flange/edge region and bottom region preferably has a border and the grooves are being preferably extended to this border.
Because of this it is another advantage according to the invention that on the one hand the wall region can be constructed in a stable and reinforced manner and on the other hand the gearwheel shaped contour of the grooves, located at the wall region, is able to absorb a relative high load. With that it is possible that the portion capsule can be rotated easily and without any damaging of the portion capsule within the device for producing a beverage.
Preferably, the base element's diameter is enlarged in the border's region compared to the wall region, which range from the border to the bottom region.
This gives rise to the advantageous possibility to stack portion capsule or portion capsules' base elements easily and robustly.
Moreover, it is preferred that at least a part of the grooves are gearwheel shaped and at least a plane, which is at least partially gearwheel shaped, is parallel to the membrane in such a way that the gearwheel shaped contour expands over the borders or the flange/edge region.
Further preferred versions of the present invention relate to portion capsules that implement one or more of the following characteristics:

    
    
        the base element tapers in the direction of the flange in the border's region,
        the grooves directed toward the bottom region expand over the border's region,
        the grooves approximately cover 20%-80%, preferably 40%-60% of the wall region, which is placed between the border and the bottom region,
        the grooves are constructed in such a way that the wall region is reinforced and/or the grooves causes an extraction liquid's turbulence in the cavity.
    
    


Other preferred versions of the present invention relate to portion capsules that are manufactured in such a way that the ratio of the diameter of that wall region of the base element which adjoins the flange to the diameter of the flange is between 0.85 and 0.89, and in particular substantially 0.87.
In a preferred version, the wall region's diameter, which is adjacent to the flange, is 39 millimeters and the flange's diameter is 45 millimeters. Another advantageous version of the invention prefers a base element having a thicker wall region in the border's region compared to the wall region between bottom region and flange. Since the portion capsule's design, which contains grooves in the wall region, improves its stability, it is possible to save material by manufacturing the portion capsule and therefore to reduce cost and energy required for manufacturing the portion capsules.
According to the invention it is further provided that a filter element is arranged into the cavity. Such a filter element divides the cavity into a first region for accommodating the beverage raw material and into a second region for accommodating a beverage extract. In particular, it is provided that the filter element is made of a non-woven material.
According to a further subject matter or a preferred development of the present invention the portion capsule according to the invention is intended for the preparation of a hot beverage. In the following the invention is explained based on the FIGS. 1-22. These explanations do not restrict the general idea of the invention.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIGS. 1A and 1B show a portion capsule containing sections that differs optically.
FIGS. 2A, and 2B show a portion capsule containing a barcode.
FIGS. 3A and 3B show a portion capsule with recesses and bulges.
FIG. 4 shows a portion capsule containing sections that differs optically.
FIG. 5 shows a portion capsule with a key function.
FIG. 6 shows a portion capsule's wall that is electrically conductive.
FIG. 7 shows a portion capsule's wall containing sections that differs optically.
FIG. 8 shows an enlarged pot construction of the portion capsule's wall.
FIG. 9 shows an edge region that is electrically conductive.
FIG. 10 shows a portion capsule containing a bottom that is electrically conductive.
FIG. 11 shows an embodiment containing a layer that can be detected by a metal detector.
FIG. 12 shows a metallic strainer.
FIG. 13 shows a portion capsule containing a ferromagnetic section.
FIG. 14 shows a portion capsule containing a barcode.
FIG. 15 shows a portion capsule containing a section, which is electrically conductive, in the wall.
FIGS. 16A and 16B show a portion capsule with a gearwheel placed in the brewing chamber.
FIGS. 17A, 17B, and 17C show different embodiments of the portion capsule according to FIGS. 16A and 16B.
FIG. 18 shows the portion capsule according to the FIGS. 16A and 16B and FIGS. 17 a-c, when the portion capsule is fit locking with a gearwheel.
FIGS. 19 and 20 show a schematic view of a portion capsule according to an embodiment of the presented invention.
FIGS. 21 and 22 show two sectional views of the portion capsule according to an embodiment of the presented invention.



DETAILED DESCRIPTION
FIGS. 1A and 1B show a portion capsule 1 comprising a base element 2 that has a wall region 2.1 and a bottom area 2.2. The wall region 2.1 and the bottom area 2.2 define a cavity 3, which may include the raw material and perhaps a built-in element. After filling, the cavity 3 is sealed by a membrane 4, which is preferably attached to the edge region 2.4 of the base element using seal or glue. This portion capsule can be inserted into a brewing chamber 12, with a liquid, in particular water, flowing through it. During this process, the raw material is extracted or dissolved and therefore the beverage is produced. According to the invention the portion capsule has only one identifier that allows to determine whether the respective portion capsule goes with the coffee machine's brewing chamber 12 and the parameters for processing are chosen properly. If it is not the case, significant security issues arise. Inserting the wrong portion capsule, for example, endangers the brewing chamber's tightness. In this case hot water can be discharged under high pressure and therefore compromise the user's safety. Otherwise, it is also possible that inserting the wrong portion capsule damages the coffee machine. In this example the identifier is represented by several raised areas 8, which differ in reflection properties from the sections between the raised areas. As shown by the arrows the bulges are passed by a mean for detection 13 (here: an optical detector) that is able to differentiate between the unequal sections 5, 6 having different optical properties such as, for example, reflection. Switching between the different sections or the number of bulges represents the identifier. After the identifier has been read out the identifier is compared to a stored reference. If the identifier agrees with the reference, the coffee machine will start operating. Particularly the pump, which is for example responsible for pushing hot water through the brewing chamber, will not start operating, if the identifier does not agree with the reference.
All the remarks concerning the identifier apply to all the examples.
FIGS. 2A and 2B show another embodiment of the portion capsule 1 according to the invention. The portion capsule 1 comprises a base element 2 that has a wall region 2.1 and a bottom area 2.2. Here the portion capsule 1 has a barcode 50 placed in the area of the membrane's 4 top surface. This barcode may be printed by material removal or may be generated by a medium that is integrated in the foil and can be detected optically such as a fluorescence agent. Alternatively, metal rings may be part of the foil or attached to the foil. The barcode's section may be made of a ferromagnetic material. As shown by the arrow 15 the barcode 50 alternatively can be attached to the base element's edge region being averted from the membrane 4. Such a barcode is read out by a detector 13 placed, for example, in the media chute. The barcode represents the identifier according to invention.
FIGS. 3A and 3B show another embodiment of the portion capsule 1 according to the invention. In the present case the identifier comprises recesses and bulges 7, 8, which result from material removal or reshaping the portion capsule as shown here by the example of the portion capsule's wall 2.1. In the present case, recesses and bulges interact with a means for detection 13, which operates like a key, wherein the coffee machine only start operating, when all elements 14 are placed in the respective recess 7. Therefore, an electric circuit may be changed or especially closed.
FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of the portion capsule being substantially identical to the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1. As an alternative version of the invention, the figure additionally shows that the unequal sections 5, 6 differing in terms of optical properties can be attached to the cover foil, for example in the form of a barcode.
FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of the portion capsule being substantially identical to the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 3A and 3B that includes recesses 7 and bulges 8. Again, the recesses represent the key bit. The coffee machine only will start operating, if the recesses interact with the corresponding bulges and therefore an electric circuit is changed respectively. The placement of such a system is not restricted to the brewing chamber. For instance, the system may be placed in the portion capsule's media chute.
FIG. 6 shows a version of the invention that includes a base element 2 and an electric material forming a surrounding ring 2.3, which preferably has a raised form. The electrically conductive material is scanned by means for detection 13 having electric sliding contacts, which are placed in the media chute and form electric contacts of an electric circuit, while the portion capsule is inserted.
FIG. 7 shows an embodiment of the portion capsule being substantially identical to the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 6, in which it is provided that the ring area has reflective 21 or mat 22 sections, for example in form of a covering, and allows a read-out by means for detection 13 for optical detection, which are placed in the media chute and are part of a control current, while the portion capsule is inserted.
FIG. 8 shows a relative broad and raised ring 2.3 which represents the identifier. The media chute is equipped with a corresponding vacancy that tests whether the portion capsule has the proper identifier. The broad ring is scanned, for example, by means for detection 13 having mechanical sensors, which are placed in the media chute and close the contacts of an electric circuit, while the portions capsule is inserted.
FIG. 9 shows another embodiment of the portion capsule according to the invention. In the present case an electrically conductive coat 10 is integrated in the edge region's back and is scanned by electric sliding contacts, which are placed in the media chute and form electric contacts of an electric circuit, while the portion capsule is inserted.
FIG. 10 shows another embodiment of the portion capsule according to the invention. In the present case the portion capsule has an electrically conductive coat 10 at the bottom area 2.2 such as a conductive varnish layer or an aluminum foil. The coat is scanned by means for detection 13 having electric sliding contacts, which form electric contacts of an electric circuit, while the portion capsule is inserted.
FIG. 11 illustrates a version of the portion capsule having also an electrically conductive coat 10 that is placed on its bottom 2.2 and is identified by a means for detection 13 having a metal sensor, which is placed in the chute and, for example, detects inductively, while the portion capsule is inserted.
The embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 12 has a built-in element made of metal (here a strainer 19) that is recognized as identifier by a means for detection 13 having a metal detector.
The version of the invention shown in FIG. 13 includes a ferromagnetic material 20 placed at the portion capsule' bottom. The identifier is scanned, by means for detection 13 for example, by a magnet, which is placed in the chute, while the portion capsule is inserted. The ferromagnetic material acts as identifier.
FIG. 14 shows another embodiment which includes a barcode placed in the region of the cover foil. The portion capsule includes a flange 17.
According to the embodiment shown in FIG. 15 a metallic ring 11 is integrated in the wall region 2.1 and closes means for detection 13 having an electric circuit placed in region of the brewing chamber.
FIGS. 16A and 16B show another embodiment of the portion capsule 1 according to the invention. The illustrated portion capsule features a base element 2 that is basically conical-shaped in the present case and has a bottom region 2.2 and a wall region 2.1. It is provided that the base element contains the raw material and, if necessary, build-in elements like a filter as illustrated here. The expert knows that the build-in element may also include other build-in elements. A flange 17/edge region 2.4, which is preferably circular and, for example, may be used for sealing a cover foil 4 to it, is attached to the end of the base element, which is placed opposite to the bottom. The flange/edge region has means for fit locking, friction locking and/or detection 2.4.2 in the outer area (outer circumference). As especially shown in the FIGS. 17a-17c the means for fit locking, friction locking and/or detection 2.4.2 is, in the present case, a gearwheel that is formed by several recesses/bulges evenly arranged in the edge region. Preferably, it is provided that the edge region has a sealing surface 2.4.1, which sealingly interacts with the seal 31 attached to the brewing chamber 12, on the interior side of the gearwheel. The sealing 31 makes sure that the water coming from a water inlet 28 flows through the portion capsule by passing an opening, which has been made by a mandrel 29, than around it.
FIGS. 17A, 17B, and 17C show different embodiments of the means for fit locking, friction locking and/or detection 2.4.2. According to the version shown in FIG. 17A, the gearwheel has forty-five teeth. According to the version shown in FIG. 17B or 17C, the gearwheel has twenty-two or twenty-nine teeth, respectively. The expert knows that the manufactured teeth can be shaped arbitrarily. All FIGS. 17A, 17B, and 17C demonstrate how the portion capsule 1 can be held by a part of the brewing chamber 12 using two holding arms 30. The holding arms interact with the means for fit locking, friction locking and/or detection 2.4.2. If they are not available, the holding arms will not hold the portion capsule and the portion capsule will not be inserted into the brewing chamber and will fall through it into a dropping box instead. The portion capsule has a base element 2, a wall region 2.1, a bottom area 2.2, a sealing surface 2.4.1, and an edge region 2.4.
FIG. 18 shows the means for fit locking, friction locking and/or detection 2.4.2 along with mean for fit locking 24, which is attached to the coffee machine and is represented by a pinion here. It is provided that the mean for fit locking 24 is placed in the media chute or insertion shaft 26 of an insertion shaft housing 23 having a port for inserting the portion capsule in the coffee machine. The distance between the inner wall 25 of the portion capsule 1 and the mean for fit locking 24 represented by the pinion 24 are designed in such a way that the portion capsule only will pass the port, if the means for fit locking, friction locking and/or detection 2.4.2 is formed complementary to the teeth of the mean for fit locking 24 represented by the pinion. Only in this case the portion capsule rotates the mean for fit locking 24 represented by the pinion 24 while it falls. Both rotating and falling are represented by arrows in the figure. The portion capsule needs the rotation for passing the media chute's port and falling in the intended position afterwards. If the portion capsule has no or wrong mean of fit locking, it will be impossible to place the portion capsule by passing the media chute in the intended position. Additionally, or alternatively, it is provided that the mean for fit locking 24 represented by the pinion has a pick-up that detects the rotary movement and transmits it to a control unit. If the rotation at least corresponds a defined rotating element, the control unit will activate, for example, the brewing unit. The expert knows that the portion capsule's border may include means for friction locking that interacts with a mean, for example an edge, and shift it in such a way that the shift is detected and therefore the brewing chamber is activated. The portion capsule 1 has a cover foil 4 and a sealing surface 2.4.1.
The expert moreover knows that a sensor, being for example a camera, which detects the form of the means for fit locking, friction locking and/or detection 2.4.2, may be installed in the media chute. In the present case the form and/or the distance between the teeth may be detected. If the proper portion capsule was inserted, a resulting signal could be transmitted to a control unit, which activates the brewing chamber.
FIG. 19 schematically shows a view of another portion capsule's version according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 20 illustrates the same portion capsule from a different point of view schematically. FIG. 19 shows the front view of the portion capsule. FIG. 20 shows the portion capsule viewed from an angle below. In all figures the portion capsule is labeled with the reference sign 1. The portion capsule substantially has a frustoconically shaped base element 2, which is formed similar to a pot and encloses a cavity 3. The cavity 3 is sealed by a membrane 4. Since the viewing direction of FIG. 19 is essentially parallel to the plane, in which the membrane is located, the membrane is at the upper edge of the portion capsule. In particular, the base element 2 comprises a soft, semi-rigid or rigid plastic material which is deep-drown, preferably. The membrane comprises a foil made of plastic material or aluminum. Preferably the base element has a circumferential mounting flange 17 in the region of the membrane, with the membrane and the mounting flange 17 being firmly bonded, in particular by welding or gluing. Preferably a filter element, which is not specifically depicted in the figures, is placed within the base element 2. For instance, the filter element is made of thermoplastic resin such as, for example, polypropylene. The filter element could also be made of a non-woven material such as, for example, thermoplastic resin. Preferably the filter element divides the cavity 3 in two sections. It is provided that the first section can be filled with a raw material and the second section can be filled with and particularly collect a beverage's extract, which is not shown, during the extractions process. Both sections are not illustrated individually.
The portion capsule is intended for inserting into a brewing chamber or a device for producing a beverage, which is not shown here. In particular such a device for producing a beverage is a coffee machine. The device for producing a beverage could be also a machine that produces a tea drink, a chocolate drink or any other beverage. Preferably an extraction liquid, which is particularly water or hot water, is brought under high pressure into the brewing chamber of the device for producing a beverage. The extraction liquid interacts with the raw material of the beverage in such a way that an extract of a beverage or a beverage is generated. In particular the filter element is utilized as a strainer for the extract of a beverage.
According to the invention, the base element 2 has a wall region 2.1 and a bottom area 2.2. The wall region 2.1 basically ranges from the flange 17 to the bottom region 2.2. Several grooves 32 are placed in the wall region. In particular these grooves are keyways that are integrated in the wall region 2.1 and are facing the cavity 3 and range from the flange 17 to the bottom region 2.2 (i.e. they run perpendicular according to FIG. 19). According to the invention provision is made for the grooves 32 to be extended vertically across the wall region, i.e. they run straight from the flange 17 to the bottom region 2.2, in which it is not necessary that they are extended over the whole length. The grooves are formed according to the invention in such a way that the wall region is reinforced or stiffened due to the grooves 32. Moreover, the plurality of the grooves 32, which are distributed over the wall region 2.1, realize an adhesion between wall region 2.1 and the brewing chamber's wall of the device for producing a beverage after the extraction process. This makes it easier to eject the portion capsule from the brewing chamber automatically. The portion capsule's version represented in FIG. 19 comprises a circumferential border 16 that is placed at the wall region 2.1 ranging from the flange 17 to the bottom area 2.2, namely adjacent to the flange 17 facing towards the bottom area 2.2. The border 16 has an enlarged diameter (parallel to the membrane 4) compared to the wall region's ranging from the border 16 to the bottom area 2.2. It is provided that the border's contour 16 is designed in such a manner that the border's diameter tapers towards the flange 17.
It is provided according to the portion capsule's embodiment, which is represented in FIG. 19 and is in accordance with the invention, that the grooves 32 are placed in the border's region in the first part, partially range from the border 16 to the bottom area 2.2 across the wall region 2.1, in the second part and then finally end. All in all, the grooves cover, for example, around 50% of the extension of the wall region 2.1, which ranges from the flange 17 to the bottom area 2.2, wherein one-third of the grooves' extension is placed in the border's region and two-thirds of the grooves' extension is placed in the remaining wall region 2.1 that range from the border 16 to the bottom area 2.2.
A portion capsule 1 according to the invention is shown as sectional view along the portion capsule's extension regarding its height in FIG. 21, i.e. the section's plane is perpendicular to the membrane's main plane. FIG. 22 also shows a portion capsule according to the invention in a sectional view portraying the sectional plane, which is parallel to the membrane's main plane. It is noticeable that the interior of the portion capsule's cavity is shown in FIG. 21. The portion capsule's material or the base element's material is so thin that the implementation of grooves 32 at the exterior shown in FIG. 19 leads to corresponding convexities 34 and impressions at the interior. FIG. 22 particularly illustrates the gearwheel shaped contour 36 resulting from insertion of grooves in the portion capsule's 1 wall region.
LIST OF REFERENCE NUMERALS


    1 portion capsule
    2 base element
    2.1 wall region
    2.2 bottom area
    2.3 ring
    2.4 edge region
    2.4.1 sealing surface
    2.4.2 means for friction locking and/or detection
    3 cavity
    4 membrane, cover foil
    5,6 unequal sections
    7 recess
    8 raised area, bulge
    10 electrically conductive coat
    11 metallic ring
    12 brewing chamber
    13 detector, mean for detection
    14 beam
    16 border
    17 flange
    20 ferromagnetic material
    21 reflective section
    22 mat section
    23 insertion shaft housing
    24 mean for fit locking
    25 inner wall
    26 insertion shaft
    28 water inlet
    29 mandrel
    30 holding arms
    31 seal
    32 grooves
    34 convexities
    36 gearwheel shaped contour

## Claims

1. A method of making a portion capsule for use with a beverage making machine to make a beverage, the beverage making machine incudes a pump, an optical detector, a mandrel, and a seal, the method comprising:
forming a metal material into a base element that includes: i) a wall extending around a central longitudinal axis to define a cavity, and ii) a rim having a top side and an opposing bottom side;
filling the cavity with a beverage material;
closing the cavity by attaching a foil cover onto the top side of the rim, the foil cover being dimensioned and configured to be: i) pierced by the mandrel of the beverage making machine in a piercing region that is laterally offset from the central longitudinal axis, and ii) sealed by the seal of the beverage making machine in a sealing region that is located between the piercing region and an outer perimeter of the rim; and
providing an optically detectable identifier onto the metal material so that the optically detectable identifier results on the opposing bottom side of the rim, the optically detectable identifier having sections that differ optically;
wherein the optically detectable identifier is configured to be read by the optical detector of the beverage making machine, and the pump is activated to supply hot water after the optically detectable identifier is read by the optical detector and compatibility of the portion capsule is determined based upon information obtained using the optically detectable identifier.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the forming step includes deep drawing the metal material, and wherein the attaching step includes sealing and/or bonding.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the foil cover is made of the same material as the base element.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the foil cover is made of a different material than the base element.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the optically detectable identifier results on a side wall of the base element, and the optically detectable identifier includes at least two areas which differ in their reflection properties.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method is free of a step of providing a filter.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the forming step includes forming a plurality of indentations in the metal material so that the plurality of indentations result on an outside surface of the wall.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the plurality of indentations have a curved top end and a curved bottom end, the curved top end being spaced below the opposing bottom side of the rim.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the plurality of indentations are vertically aligned relative to the central longitudinal axis.

10. The method according to claim 6, wherein the wall has an electrically conductive section.

11. The method according to claim 1, wherein the foil cover is provided to be bowed upwardly.

12. The method according to claim 11, wherein the method comprises providing a barrier layer and one or more steps of: printing the optically detectable identifier onto the metal material; providing metal stripes onto the metal material; or printing the optically detectable identifier onto the metal material with a food approved color.

13. The method according to claim 11, wherein the forming step includes defining a tapered geometry in the wall of the base element.

14. The method according to claim 1, wherein the forming step includes forming the metal material to define a bottom area that is generally opposed to the rim and that is at least partially rounded.

15. The method according to claim 14, wherein the forming step includes forming the metal material to include an upper section and a lower section, the upper section is located adjacent to the rim, and the lower section is located between the upper section and the bottom area,
wherein the upper section comprises a circumferential border and the wall in the lower section is angled, with respect to the upper section, and is tapered towards the bottom area.

16. A method of making a portion capsule for use with a beverage making machine to make a beverage, the beverage making machine incudes a pump, an optical detector, a mandrel, and a seal, the method comprising:
forming a metal material into a base element that includes: i) a wall extending around a central longitudinal axis to define a cavity, ii) a rim having a top side and an opposing bottom side, and iii) a bottom area that is generally opposed to the rim and that is at least partially rounded;
filling the cavity with a beverage material;
closing the cavity by attaching a foil cover onto the top side of the rim, the foil cover being dimensioned and configured to be: i) pierced by the mandrel of the beverage making machine in a piercing region that is laterally offset from the central longitudinal axis, and ii) sealed by the seal of the beverage making machine in a sealing region that is located between the piercing region and an outer perimeter of the rim; and
providing an optically detectable identifier onto the metal material so that the optically detectable identifier results on the opposing bottom side of the rim, the optically detectable identifier having sections that differ optically;
wherein the forming step includes deep drawing the metal material, and the attaching step includes sealing and/or bonding the foil cover to the top side of the rim; and
wherein the optically detectable identifier is configured to be read by the optical detector of the beverage making machine, and the pump is activated to supply hot water after the optically detectable identifier is read by the optical detector.

17. The method according to claim 16, wherein the foil cover is provided to be bowed upwardly.

18. The method according to claim 17, wherein the method comprises providing a barrier layer and one or more steps of: printing the optically detectable identifier onto the metal material; providing metal stripes onto the metal material; or printing the optically detectable identifier onto the metal material with a food approved color.

19. The method according to claim 18, wherein the forming step includes forming a plurality of indentations in the metal material so that the plurality of indentations result on an outside surface of the wall, and the plurality of indentations have a curved top end and a curved bottom end, the curved top end being spaced below the opposing bottom side of the rim.

20. The method according to claim 19, wherein the plurality of indentations are vertically aligned relative to the central longitudinal axis.