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Home  Education  Currents  Waves
  << Back The highest surface part of a wave is called the crest, and the lowest  part is the trough. The vertical distance between the crest and the  trough is the wave height. The horizontal distance between two adjacent  crests or troughs is known as the wavelength. Wave height is affected by wind speed, wind duration, or how long the  wind blows, and fetch, which is the distance over water that the wind  blows in a single direction. If wind speed is slow, only small waves  result. If the wind speed is great but it only blows for a few minutes,  no large waves will occur. Also, if strong winds blow for a long period  of time but over a short fetch, no large waves form. Large waves occur  only when all three factors combine (Duxbury, et al, 2002.)


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