alea-institute/kl3m-data-sample-004-shuffled huggingface dataset:
HomeOcean Facts

# What is Ocean Acidification?

## Ocean acidification refers to a reduction in the pH of the ocean over an extended period of time, caused primarily by uptake of carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere.

What is ocean acidification? Watch our video for a quick overview.

For more than 200 years, or since the industrial revolution, the concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere has increased due to the burning of fossil fuels and land use change.  The ocean absorbs about 30 percent of the CO2 that is released in the atmosphere, and as levels of atmospheric CO2 increase, so do the levels in the ocean.

When CO2 is absorbed by seawater,  a series of chemical reactions occur  resulting in the increased concentration of hydrogen ions.  This increase causes the seawater to become more acidic and causes carbonate ions to be relatively less abundant. 

Carbonate ions are an important building block of structures such as sea shells and coral skeletons. Decreases in  carbonate ions can make building and maintaining shells and other calcium carbonate structures difficult for calcifying organisms such as oysters, clams, sea urchins, shallow water corals, deep sea corals, and calcareous plankton. 

These changes in ocean chemistry can affect the behavior of non-calcifying organisms as well.  Certain fish's ability to detect predators is decreased in more acidic waters.  When these organisms are at risk, the entire food web may also be at risk. 

Ocean acidification is affecting the entire world’s oceans, including coastal estuaries and waterways.  Many economies are dependent on fish and shellfish and people worldwide rely on food from the ocean as their primary source of protein.

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###### More **Information**

          - 'Acid Test, NOAA's Ocean Today (video)
          -  'Ocean as a Lab: Ocean Acidification,' NOAA's Ocean Today (video)
          - NOAA Ocean Acidification Program
          - Ocean Acidification: The Other Carbon Dioxide Problem
          - NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory

**Last updated:**   01/18/24**Author:** NOAAHow to cite this article

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Exhibit



Exhibit 10.1


AMENDMENT TO MASTER AGREEMENT


This AMENDMENT (this “Amendment”), dated as of June 28, 2019, is by and among Maiden Holdings, Ltd., a Bermuda company (“Maiden”), Maiden Reinsurance Ltd., a Bermuda insurance company (“Maiden Insurance”), and Enstar Group Limited, a Bermuda company (“Enstar”). Each of the foregoing parties is hereinafter referred to individually as a “Party” and, collectively, as the “Parties”.


W I T N E S S E T H:


WHEREAS, the Parties are party to that certain Master Agreement, dated as of March 1, 2019 (the “Master Agreement”); 


WHEREAS, the Parties desire to amend the Master Agreement to extend the Final Deadline Date (as defined in the Master Agreement) to 5:00 p.m., New York City time, on July 31, 2019.


NOW THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing and the mutual covenants and agreements contained in this Amendment, the Parties hereby agree as follows: 


1. Amendment. The phrase “5:00 p.m., New York City time, on June 30, 2019” in Section 8.1(b)(ii) of the Master Agreement is hereby deleted in its entirety and replaced with the phrase “5:00 p.m., New York City time, on July 31, 2019”. 


2. Authority. Each Party represents and warrants to each other that it has authority and capacity to enter into this Amendment and make the agreements set forth herein. 


3. No Other Amendments. Except to the extent expressly set forth in this Amendment, the Master Agreement is not amended, waived or modified in any way and shall remain in full force and effect without any other amendments, waivers or modifications. 


4. Counterparts. This Amendment may be executed simultaneously in any number of counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which shall constitute one and the same instrument. The Parties agree that transmission of copies of original signatures via electronic means, either by facsimile or as a “scanned” document attached to electronic mail, shall constitute valid execution of this Amendment.


[Signature Page Follows]







IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Parties have executed this Amendment as of the date first above written.




ENSTAR GROUP LIMITED


By: /s/ Paul O'Shea
Name: Paul O'Shea
Title: President




MAIDEN REINSURANCE LTD.


By: /s/ Patrick J. Haveron
Name: Patrick J. Haveron
Title: President




MAIDEN HOLDINGS LTD.


By: /s/ Patrick J. Haveron
Name: Patrick J. Haveron
Title: Exec. V.P. - CFO and COO
**Exhibit
      32.1**





**Certification
      pursuant to 18 U.S.C. 1350.**





In
      connection with the Quarterly Report of AT&S Holdings, Inc. (the "Company")
      on Form 10-QSB for the period ended March 31, 2006, as filed with the Securities
      and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the "Report"), I, Richard G. Honan,
      Chief Executive Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C.1350,
      that:





·
            The
                Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d)
                of
                the Securities Exchange Act of 1934;
                and





·
            The
                information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material
                respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the
                Company.








Dated:
      May 15, 2006





//s//
      Richard G. Honan


------------------------


Richard
      G. Honan,


Chief
      Executive Officer
|   | CERTIFICATION      OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER AND |
|--------|---------------------------------------------------|

|   | CHIEF      FINANCIAL OFFICER PURSUANT TO |
|--------|------------------------------------------|

|   | 18      U.S.C. SECTION 1350, AS ADOPTED PURSUANTTO |
|--------|----------------------------------------------------|

|   | SECTION      906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF2002 |
|--------|---------------------------------------------------|

|   | 1. | The Report fully complies with      the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act      of 1934 (15 U.S.C. 78m or 78o(d));and |
|--------|----|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|

|   | 2. | The information contained in the      Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition      and results of operations of theCompany. |
|--------|----|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|

|                 |                                       |
|----------------------|--------------------------------------------|
|                 |                                       |
| August      13, 2008 | /s/Todd B.      Parriott                   |
|                 | Todd      B. Parriott,                     |
|                 | President      and Chief Executive Officer |
|                 |                                       |
|                 |                                       |
| August      13, 2008 | /s/Stacy M.      Riffe                     |
|                 | Stacy      M. Riffe,                       |
|                 | Chief      Financial Officer               |
**Exhibit 10.12**

 

**FIRST AMENDMENT TO EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT**

 

This First Amendment to Employment Agreement (this “Amendment”) is entered into effective as of June 13, 2003, byand between John M. Slack (the “Executive”) and Castle Dental Centers, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”). 

 

**W I T N E S S E T H:**

 

WHEREAS, the Company and the Executive are parties to an Employment Agreementdated as of July 19, 2002 (the “Agreement”), pursuant to which the Company employs the Executive as its Senior Vice President. 

 

WHEREAS, the Company and the Executive wish to amend the Agreement. 

 

NOW THEREFORE, in consideration of the promises and mutual covenants and obligations herein set forth and for other good andvaluable consideration, the receipt, sufficiency and adequacy of which are hereby acknowledged, the parties hereto hereby agree as follows, intending to be legally bound: 

 

1. Capitalized terms used but not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings ascribed to such terms in the Agreementunless otherwise defined herein. 

 

2. Sections 1 and 2 of theAgreement are amended to indicate that from June 13, 2003 until a permanent Chief Executive Officer of the Company is hired (the “Interim Period”), the Executive will serve as interim Chief Executive Officer and will be subject to theauthority and direction of the Board of Directors. At the end of the Interim Period, the Executive shall resume his duties and responsibilities as currently described in the Agreement. 

 

3. Section 4(a) of the Agreement is hereby amended to increase the Executive’s Salary to $15,416.67 per month effectiveJuly 9, 2003. 

 

4. A Section 4(f) is hereby added to theAgreement which shall read as follows: 

 

(f)Special Bonus. During the Interim Period, the Executive shall be paid a special bonus of $5,000 per month for each month for which he serves as interim Chief Executive Officer. This special bonus shall be paid no less frequently thansemi-annually and any theretofore unpaid amounts shall be paid in full, including any applicable pro-rated amount for a partial month, upon the termination of the Interim Period. 

 

5. Except as amended by this Amendment, the Agreement shall remain in full force and effect and is hereby ratified andaffirmed. 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, each of the parties hereto has executed this Amendment as of the date and year firstabove written. 

 

COMPANY:

 

CASTLE DENTAL CENTERS, INC.
By:    Name:    Title:    
 
EXECUTIVE:By:      
John M. Slack

 

2
Glenn Harrison ANDREWS v. STATE of North Carolina.

No. 393P04.

Supreme Court of North Carolina.

February 3, 2005.

Glenn Harrison Andrews, Pro Se.

William P. Hart, Special Deputy Attorney General, Ronald L. Moore, District Attorney, for State.

***ORDER***

Upon consideration of the petition filed by Plaintiff on the 9th day of August 2004 in this matter for a writ of certiorari to review the order of the North Carolina Court of Appeals, the following order was entered and is hereby certified to the North Carolina Court of Appeals:

> "Dismissed by order of the Court in conference, this the 3rd day of February 2005."
Exhibit 32.1



CERTIFICATION REQUIRED BY RULE 13a-14(b) OR RULE 15d-14(b) AND SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002, 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350



Pursuant to section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (subsections (a) and (b) of section 1350, chapter 63 of title 18, United States Code), the undersigned officer of Idaho General Mines, Inc., a Idaho Corporation, (the Company) hereby certifies to such officers knowledge that:



1.

This quarterly report on Form 10-QSB of Idaho General Mines, Inc. fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and



2.

The information contained in this quarterly report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of Idaho General Mines, Inc.

Date:  August 12, 2004

/s/ Robert L. Russell

________________________________

Robert L. Russell,

President and Chief Executive Officer
Exhibit 32.1

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO

18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

Each of the undersigned hereby certifies that this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and
the information contained in such report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of Bank of the James Financial Group, Inc.



|                        |  |                                         |  |                                                                                                                            
|----------------------- |  | --------------------------------------- |  | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|                        |  | BANK OF THE JAMES FINANCIAL GROUP, INC.
|                        |  |                                        
|Date: November 12, 2010 |  | By                                      |  | /S/ Robert R. Chapman III Robert R. Chapman III, President (Principal Executive Officer)                                   
|                        |  |                                        
|Date: November 12, 2010 |  | By                                      |  | /S/ J. Todd Scruggs J. Todd Scruggs, Secretary and Treasurer (Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting
Officer)



38
United States Court of Appeals

for the Fifth Circuit

No. 20-30494

United States of America, 

Plaintiff—Appellee,

versus

Ray Hatton, III, 

Defendant—Appellant.

Appeal from the United States District Court

for the Western District of Louisiana

USDC No. 6:12-CR-334-1

Before Ho, Oldham, and Wilson, Circuit Judges.

Per Curiam:*

Ray Hatton III pleaded guilty to receipt of child pornography in 

violation of 18 U.S.C. § 2252A(a)(2)(A). In 2013, he was sentenced to 121 

months’ imprisonment and a lifetime of supervised release. After exhausting 

his administrative remedies, Hatton filed a motion for compassionate release 

* Pursuant to 5th Circuit Rule 47.5, the court has determined that this 

opinion should not be published and is not precedent except under the limited 

circumstances set forth in 5th Circuit Rule 47.5.4.

United States Court of Appeals

Fifth Circuit

FILED

April 7, 2021

Lyle W. Cayce

Clerk

Case: 20-30494 Document: 00515812377 Page: 1 Date Filed: 04/07/2021
No. 20-30494

2

under 18 U.S.C. § 3582(c)(1)(A), as amended by the First Step Act. The 

district court denied Hatton’s motion. Hatton appealed. 

His case was routed to this panel for consideration in tandem with No. 

20-10695, United States v. Lorick, and No. 20-40543, United States v. 

Shkambi. Here, as in those other cases, the district court thought itself bound 

by the United States Sentencing Commission’s “policy statement,” which 

sets forth substantive standards governing compassionate-release motions 

under § 3582(c)(1)(A). See U.S.S.G. § 1B1.13 & cmt. 1.

As we explained in Shkambi, the text of § 1B1.13 limits its applicability 

to “motion[s] of the Director of the Bureau of Prisons.” No. 20-40543, at 8–

9 (5th Cir. Apr. 7, 2021) (quoting U.S.S.G. § 1B1.13). The district court 

therefore erred in considering itself bound by the policy statement in 

considering a prisoner’s § 3582 motion. On remand, the district court must 

consider whether Hatton has demonstrated “extraordinary and compelling 

reasons” justifying sentence reduction under § 3582(c)(1)(A)(i). Of course, 

as always, the district court also must consider the factors enumerated in 

§ 3553(a).

The district court’s order denying Hatton’s motion for 

compassionate release is VACATED, and the case is REMANDED for 

further proceedings consistent with this opinion.

Case: 20-30494 Document: 00515812377 Page: 2 Date Filed: 04/07/2021
EXHIBIT 31.1

                OFFICER'S CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO SECTION 302

I,  Caroline  Rechia,  the  President,  Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial
Officer  and  Principal  Accounting  Officer of PortaltoChina.com, Inc., certify
that:

1.     I  have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of PortaltoChina.com,
Inc.;

2.     Based  on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement
of  a  material  fact  or  omit  to  state a material fact necessary to make the
statements  made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were
made,  not  misleading  with  respect  to  the  period  covered  by this report;

3.     Based  on  my  knowledge,  the  financial statements, and other financial
information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the
financial  condition, results of operations and cash flows of the small business
issuer  as  of,  and  for,  the  periods  presented  in  this  report;

4.     I am responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and
procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-14 and 15d-14) for the
registrant and I have:

a)     designed such disclosure controls and procedures to ensure that material
information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries,
is made known to me by others within those entities, particularly during the
period in which this quarterly report is being prepared;

b)     evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and
procedures as of a date within 90 days prior to the filing date of this
quarterly report (the "Evaluation Date"); and

c)     presented in this quarterly report our conclusions about the
effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures based on my evaluation
as of the Evaluation Date;

5.     I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation, to the
registrant's auditors and the audit committee of registrant's board of directors
(or persons performing the equivalent function):

a)     all significant deficiencies in the design or operation of internal
controls which could adversely affect the registrant's ability to record,
process, summarize and report financial data and have identified for the
registrant's auditors any material weaknesses in internal controls; and

b)     any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other
employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal controls.

6.     I have indicated in this quarterly report whether there were significant
changes in internal controls or in other factors that could significantly affect
internal controls subsequent to the date of my most recent evaluation, including
any corrective actions with regard to significant deficiencies and material
weaknesses.

October  14,  2009



By  /s/  Caroline  Rechia
Caroline Rechia
President, Chief Executive Officer,
Chief Financial Officer and
Principal Accounting Officer
```

[Congressional Bills 110th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H.R. 49 Enrolled Bill (ENR)]

        H.R.49

                       One Hundred Tenth Congress

                                 of the

                        United States of America

                          AT THE FIRST SESSION

          Begun and held at the City of Washington on Thursday,
            the fourth day of January, two thousand and seven

                                 An Act

 
To designate the facility of the United States Postal Service located at 
  1300 North Frontage Road West in Vail, Colorado, as the ``Gerald R. 
                    Ford, Jr. Post Office Building''.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,
SECTION 1. GERALD R. FORD, JR. POST OFFICE BUILDING.
    (a) Designation.--The facility of the United States Postal Service 
located at 1300 North Frontage Road West in Vail, Colorado, shall be 
known and designated as the ``Gerald R. Ford, Jr. Post Office 
Building''.
    (b) References.--Any reference in a law, map, regulation, document, 
paper, or other record of the United States to the facility referred to 
in subsection (a) shall be deemed to be a reference to the ``Gerald R. 
Ford, Jr. Post Office Building''.

                               Speaker of the House of Representatives.

                            Vice President of the United States and    
                                               President of the Senate.
```
Exhibit 32.2



CERTIFICATION



I, Alan Campbell, Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc., certify, pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002,
that, to my knowledge:



|(1) | the quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended October 2, 2004 (the Quarterly Report), which this statement accompanies fully complies with the
requirements of Section 13(a) for the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (15 U.S.C. 78m) and
|--- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------



|(2) | information contained in the Quarterly Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
|--- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------



This certificate is being furnished solely for
purposes of Section 906.



Dated: November 9, 2004



/s/ Alan CampbellAlan Campbell Senior Vice President and Chief Financial
Officer, Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.