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 Drugs & Substance Use Description
              Our nation is facing a substance misuse and overdose crisis. According to recent data from the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, 46.3 million people (16.5% of the population) met criteria for having a substance use disorder, with the highest percentage amount young adults aged 18-25. The prevalence of substance use disorder, including opioid use disorder, is even greater when we look at data for individuals involved with the justice system. For example, according to the Bureau of Justice Statistics, more than half (58%) of state prisoners and two-thirds (63%) of sentenced jail inmates met criteria for substance use disorder. Additionally, 60 percent of youth in juvenile justice facilities met criteria for substance use disorder. Most individuals, in the community and within correctional facilities, do not receive the treatment that they need.

As the largest grantmaking component within the Department of Justice, the Office of Justice Programs (OJP) serves as a critical source of funding, training and technical assistance, and research to accelerate reform in our nation’s justice system. OJP supports prevention, harm reduction, treatment, and recovery services in communities and at all points across the justice system to increase education and awareness about substance use disorders and access to services that will address individuals’ needs to work toward recovery and a successful life in the community.

  Find Help
        
          **Need help now?**
Use the following hotlines and resources to get and find help. Call 911 or go to an emergency department if you are having an emergency or facing a life-threatening event.

The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration’s (SAMHSA) National Helpline is a free, confidential, 24/7, 365-day-a-year treatment referral information service (in English and Spanish) for individuals and families needing support for mental health and/or substance use disorders.
			Call 1-800-662-HELP (4357) or TTY: 1-800-487-4889. For more information on substance use and mental health concerns, types and locations of treatment, and other resources, visit findtreatment.gov**FindSupport.gov**
			This website****addresses common questions about searching for support for mental health and substance use needs. The site provides helpful hints on what questions to ask, how to search for a healthcare professional or other support services, how to set up an appointment, and information on how to find services based on insurance coverage.**FindTreatment.gov** is a product of SAMHSA’s Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality (CBHSQ). It is the most comprehensive resource for persons seeking treatment for mental and substance use disorders in the United States and its territories. FindTreatment.gov provides the ability to search for substance use and mental health facilities, health care centers, buprenorphine practitioners, and opioid treatment providers.
    
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                      Find sites with information related to: Drugs


  
  
Popular Topics
        
          Drug Crime Drug Related Crime

  Featured Resources
  
  Engaged Communities Inspire Hope for Recovery
              
      
            September is National Recovery Month. Read how OJP is supporting substance use recovery in America’s communities.
      
      
            Read the Blog
    
          Comprehensive Opioid, Stimulant, and Substance Use Program (COSSUP) Resources
              
      
            America’s substance misuse crisis is a public safety and public health emergency threatening the well-being of individuals who misuse drugs and their families, communities, and, ultimately, the nation. It impacts first responders, the criminal justice system, child welfare and foster care, behavioral health systems, and victim service providers. Supporting the field in addressing this epidemic is one of the U.S. Department of Justice’s top priorities, and at the center of this response is the Bureau of Justice Assistance’s (BJA) COSSUP.
      
      
            Visit COSSUP

  
  RSAT Program Interactive Geomap
              
      
            The Residential Substance Abuse Treatment for State Prisoners (RSAT) Program encourages the establishment and maintenance of drug-free prisons and jails and the development and implementation of specialized residential substance use treatment for individuals with co-occurring mental health and substance use disorders. The program also encourages the inclusion of medication-assisted treatment as part of any substance use treatment protocol.
      
      
            Search the RSAT Map
    
          © corgarashu/Shutterstock.com (see reuse policy).


  
      Drug Treatment Courts
              
      
            Drug court programs are specialized court docket programs that allow individuals to enter long-term drug treatment and agree to court supervision rather than receive a jail sentence. Today, there are more than 4,000 drug treatment courts nationwide. Adult drug courts are the most prevalent treatment court, making up about half of all treatment courts in the United States.
      
      
            Learn More About Drug Courts

  
  Shutterstock/altanaka (see reuse policy).


  
      Supporting Youth and Families Impacted by Opioid Use
              
      
            The Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention's (OJJDP's) drug courts serve youth and families with substance use challenges, including opioid misuse or co-occurring mental health disorders. Through additional opioid-focused programs and specialized training and technical assistance, OJJDP is working to break the cycles of addiction and crime and help save lives.
      
      
            Learn More About Supporting Youth and Families Impacted by Opioid Use
    
          Novel Psychoactive Substance (NPS) Discovery
              
      
            NPS Discovery is an open-access drug early warning system that helps to inform real-time action on the ground by public health and safety stakeholders. Working in collaboration with forensic science, public health, emergency medicine, and criminal justice agencies, this program supports the rapid identification of emerging drugs, or Novel Psychoactive Substances (NPS), associated with intoxications and adverse events and the consolidation of that data into reports and resources to allow for the rapid dissemination of information to colleagues and affected communities.
      
      
            Learn More About the NPS

  Funding Opportunities
        
          Explore OJP's funding opportunities to support law enforcement, court professionals, correctional facilities, behavioral health providers, community-based organizations, and other service providers in addressing the needs of individuals with mental health and co-occurring substance use disorder needs.

**Funding Opportunities Currently Available:**

Check back in 2024 for the new funding opportunitiesSee Current Funding Opportunities to learn about available funding from the OJP program offices related to this and other topics.
				Access the OJP Award Data page for details about grants awarded by OJP.
				Sign up for Funding News for weekly funding announcements and tips.


  
  
OJP Programs and Initiatives
        
          Following are some of the OJP programs that support drug and substance use services:

**Comprehensive Opioid, Stimulant, and Substance Use Program (COSSUP)**
	COSSUP provides grant funding and training, and technical assistance to states, units of local government, and Indian tribal governments to develop, implement, or expand comprehensive efforts to identify, respond to, treat, and support those impacted by opioids, stimulants and other drugs. COSSUP supports a wide range of topics including, but not limited to, prevention, harm reduction, deflection and diversion, treatment, and recovery supports, including peer support services in the community and across the justice system.
	**Residential Substance Abuse Treatment for State Prisoners (RSAT) Program**
	RSAT is a formula grant and training and technical assistance program that enhances the capabilities of state, local, and tribal governments to provide residential substance use disorder treatment to adults and youth during detention or incarceration, initiate or continue evidence-based substance use treatment in jails, prepare individuals for reentry, and assist them and their communities throughout the reentry process by delivering community-based treatment and other recovery aftercare services.
	**Improving Substance Use Disorder Treatment and Recovery Outcomes for Adults in Reentry**
	This grant program supports states, units of local government, tribal governments, and nonprofit organizations to establish, expand, or improve evidence-based, culturally relevant programs to address the substance use treatment and recovery support needs of people, including parents of minor children and pregnant/postpartum women, during incarceration and reentry in an effort to reduce recidivism, expand access to evidence-based treatment, promote long-term recovery, and, in the process, improve public safety and public health.
	**Adult Treatment Court Program**
	The Adult Treatment Court Program supports state, local, and tribal efforts to plan, implement, and enhance the operations of adult treatment courts, including tribal healing to wellness courts. Adult treatment court programs are a tool for criminal court partners and the judiciary to facilitate coordinated approaches that address the needs of nonviolent individuals involved in the justice system who have substance use disorders and/or co-occurring mental health needs.
	**Veteran Treatment Court Program**
	The Veterans Treatment Court Program supports state, local, and tribal efforts to plan and implement or enhance the operations of veterans treatment courts. VTCs effectively integrate evidence-based substance use disorder treatment, mandatory drug testing, incentives and sanctions, and recovery support services in judicially supervised court settings that have jurisdiction over veterans involved in the justice system who have substance use disorders, including a history of violence and post-traumatic stress disorder as a result of their military service.
	**Juvenile Drug Treatment Courts**
	Juvenile Drug Treatments Courts (JDTCs) are specialized courts for youth with substance use or co-occurring disorders who come into contact with the juvenile justice systems.
	**Family Drug Court Program**
	Family Treatment Courts (FTC) serve children, parents and families involved in the child welfare system due to parental substance use as a contributing factor to child abuse or neglect. The purpose of a family treatment court is to protect child safety, ensure a permanent care-giving environment and promote children's well-being through family recovery.
	**Opioid Affected Youth Initiative**
	This grant program supports efforts of states, communities, jurisdictions, nonprofit organizations, for-profit organizations, and institutions of higher education to implement programs and strategies that identify, respond to, treat, and support children, youth, and families impacted by the opioids, and other substances.
	**Mentoring for Youth Affected by Opioid and Other Substance Misuse**
	This grant program supports the enhancement and expansion of  mentoring services for children and youth impacted by opioids and other substance misuse. The program's goal is to improve outcomes (such as improved academic performance and reduced school dropout rates) for youth impacted by opioids and other substance misuse through mentoring.
	**Drug Data Research Center to Combat the Overdose Crisis**
	This program provides funding to support institutions of higher learning to expand statewide drug data repositories into regional drug data research centers  that promote the collection, analysis, and dissemination of information to help inform and address responses to the overdose crisis and impacts of opioids, stimulants, and other substances.


  
  
Research, Data and Evaluation
        
          National Institute of Justice (NIJ) Drugs and Crime Portfolio
	BJS Bulletin, Opioid Use Disorder Screening and Treatment in Local Jails, 2019
	BJS, Drug and Alcohol Use Reported by Youth in Juvenile Facilities, 2008-2018 – Statistical Tables
	Sentencing Decisions for Persons in Federal Prison for Drug Offenses, 2013–2018


  
  
Recent Publications and Other Resources
        
          Interdicting Restructuring Networks with Applications in Illicit Trafficking
	Guidelines for Managing Substance Withdrawal in Jails


  
  
Training & Technical Assistance
        
          Visit the following sites to learn about training and technical assistance services from and supported by OJP program offices:

COSSAP Peer to Peer Learning Opportunities
	Bureau of Justice Assistance: National Training and Technical Assistance Center
	National Drug Court Resource Center
	Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Training & Technical Assistance
	OJJDP’s National Mentoring Resource Center
	Residential Substance Abuse Treatment Training and Technical Assistance
  Multimedia
  
  Review the YouTube Terms of Service and the Google Privacy PolicyPerspectives on Substance Withdrawal Management: Corrections Leaders
              
      
            Hear from professionals in the corrections field on the importance of managing substance withdrawal in jails and how the Guidelines for Managing Substance Withdrawal in Jails can help.
      
      
            View the Video
    
          Champions of Recovery Videos from BJA’s COSSUP
              
      
            Watch videos of individuals with substance use disorders who were involved in the justice system talk about their journey of recovery, and also hear from justice professionals who champion efforts to support individuals on their journey.
      
      
            Watch the COSSUP Videos

  Justice Today Podcast From NIJ
        
          Remote Media URL

  NIJ Communications Assistant Josh Mondoro explores novel psychoactive substances with NIJ scientist Frances Scott. She explains what NPSs are, current research in the field, and the practical impact of this research for law enforcement and policymakers.

Listen to More NIJ Podcasts
  Additional Resources
  Date Modified: August 31, 2023
        Date Created: August 31, 2020
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