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3. What is storm surge?

**What is storm surge?**  Storm surge is the rise in seawater level caused solely by a storm. graphic showing difference between storm surge and storm tide*This example illustrates water level differences for storm surge, storm tide, and a normal (predicted) high tide as compared to sea level. **Storm surge** is the rise in seawater level caused solely by a storm. **Storm tide** is the total *observed* seawater level during a storm, which is the combination of storm surge and normal high tide. | Download this graphic* **Storm Surge Video** *Powerful winds aren't the only deadly force during a hurricane. The greatest threat to life actually comes from the water — in the form of storm surge. See for yourself with this video from NOAA's Ocean Today.*
 *Storm surge* is the abnormal rise in seawater level during a storm, measured as the height of the water above the normal predicted astronomical tide. The surge is caused primarily by a storm’s winds pushing water onshore. The amplitude of the storm surge at any given location depends on the orientation of the coast line with the storm track; the intensity, size, and speed of the storm; and the local bathymetry. *Storm tide* is the total observed seawater level during a storm, resulting from the combination of storm surge and the astronomical tide. Astronomical tides are caused by the gravitational pull of the sun and the moon and have their greatest effects on seawater level during new and full moons—when the sun, the moon, and the Earth are in alignment. As a result, the highest storm tides are often observed during storms that coincide with a new or full moon.
 More **Information** Storm Surge and Coastal Inundation Storm Surge Risk Map for U.S. Coast Center for Operational Oceanographic Products and Services   **Search** Our facts    Get **Social** Social
  **Last updated:** 01/20/23 **Author:** NOAA How to cite this article Contact Us


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