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Exhibit 31.1


CERTIFICATIONS














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| | a) designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused
    such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our
    supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the
    registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made
    known to us by others within those entities, particularly during
    the period in which this quarterly report is being prepared;
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| | c) evaluated the effectiveness of the registrants
    disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report
    our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure
    controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by
    this report based on such evaluation; and                                                                                                         
|
| | d) disclosed in this report any change in the registrants
    internal control over financial reporting that occurred during
    the registrants most recent fiscal quarter that has
    materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially
    affect the registrants internal controls over financial
    reporting; and                                                                          





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| | a) all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the
    design or operation of internal controls over financial
    reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the
    registrants ability to record, process, summarize and
    report financial information; and
|
| | b) any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management
    or other employees who have a significant role in the
    registrants internal controls over financial reporting.                                                                                                       



| |     |                   
| | --- | ------------------
| | By: | /s/ STEVEN S. BOSS

| |                              
| | -----------------------------
| |                              
| | Steven S. Boss               
| | Chief Executive Officer      
| | (Principal Executive Officer)