Supreme Court of Florida

____________

No. SC18-174

____________

IN RE: AMENDMENTS TO THE FLORIDA RULES OF JUVENILE 

PROCEDURE - 2018 REGULAR-CYCLE REPORT.

December 6, 2018

PER CURIAM.

We have for consideration The Florida Bar’s Juvenile Court Rules 

Committee’s (JCR Committee) regular-cycle report of proposed amendments to 

the Florida Rules of Juvenile Procedure. See Fla. R. Jud. Admin. 2.140(b)(4).

1

We adopt the majority of the unopposed proposals and either modify or decline to 

adopt, at this time, the two opposed proposals as well as several of the other 

proposed amendments.

BACKGROUND

The JCR Committee proposes amendments to Florida Rules of Juvenile 

Procedure 8.005 (Ordering Children into Custody); 8.045 (Notice to Appear); 

 

1. We have jurisdiction. See art. V, § 2(a), Fla. Const.
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8.060 (Discovery); 8.080 (Acceptance of Guilty or Nolo Contendere Plea); 8.085 

(Prehearing Motions and Service); 8.090 (Speedy Trial); 8.100 (General Provisions 

for Hearings); 8.110 (Adjudicatory Hearings); 8.255 (General Provisions for 

Hearings); 8.257 (General Magistrates); 8.320 (Providing Counsel to Parties); 

8.425 (Permanency Hearings); and 8.435 (Reinstatement of Jurisdiction for Young 

Adult); and forms 8.947 (Disposition Order—Delinquency); 8.964 (Dependency 

Petition); 8.965 (Arraignment Order); and 8.991 (Final Order Dismissing Petition 

for Judicial Waiver of Parental Notice of Termination of Pregnancy). The 

Committee also proposes adding new form 8.953 (Waiver of Rights), and deleting 

form 8.974 (Petition to Extend or Reinstate Court’s Jurisdiction). Consistent with 

rule 2.140(b)(2), the JCR Committee published its proposals for comment prior to 

filing them with the Court. The JCR Committee received one comment addressing 

a proposal not included in the Committee’s report. The Board of Governors of The 

Florida Bar unanimously approved all the proposals. 

The Court published the proposals for comment after they were filed. The 

Civil Procedure Rules Committee (CivPR Committee) filed a comment with the 

Court raising concerns about proposed new rule 8.255(e) (Taking Testimony), 

which addresses the use of communication equipment, suggesting that the JCR 

Committee should coordinate its proposal with amendments to Florida Rule of 

Judicial Administration 2.530 (Communication Equipment) and the civil rules 
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currently being developed by the CivPR Committee and the Rules of Judicial 

Administration Committee (RJA Committee). The JCR Committee filed a 

response declining to follow that suggestion. 

After the comment period ended, the JCR Committee filed a notice of filing 

providing the Court with a comment by Robert Blaise Trettis, the Public Defender 

for the Eighteenth Judicial Circuit, addressing the proposed amendments to 

juvenile rule 8.080 (Acceptance of Guilty or Nolo Contendere Plea) that would 

title subdivision (c)(10) of that rule “Immigration Consequences” and require the 

court, when accepting a plea to a delinquency charge, to ensure that the child 

understands the potential immigration consequences of entering the plea. Mr. 

Trettis pointed out that the Court had previously rejected substantially the same 

amendments to Florida Criminal Rule of Procedure 3.172 (Acceptance of Guilty or 

Nolo Contendere Plea) in In re Amendments to the Florida Rules of Criminal

Procedure, 188 So. 3d 764, 766 (Fla. 2015). He therefore urged the JCR 

Committee to withdraw its proposed amendments to the juvenile rule. The JCR 

Committee declined to withdraw the proposed amendments. 

In light of the issues raised in the comments concerning the proposed 

amendments to rule 8.080(c)(10) and proposed new rule 8.255(e), as well as the 

Court’s unrelated concerns about the proposed amendments to rule 8.090(m)(3) 
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(Remedy for Failure to Try Respondent Within the Specified Time), the Court held

oral argument on those three proposals. 

AMENDMENTS

After considering the proposed amendments, the comments submitted to the 

JCR Committee and filed with the Court, and the JCR Committee’s responses, and 

having heard oral argument, we adopt the majority of the unopposed amendments

as proposed. However, as explained below, we modify the proposed amendments 

to rule 8.080(c)(10) and proposed new form 8.953 to address only the “deportation 

consequences” of a juvenile entering a plea to a delinquency charge. We also 

decline to adopt, at this time, the proposed amendments to rule 8.090(m)(3) that 

would establish a single 15-day speedy trial recapture window, proposed new rule 

8.255(e) addressing the use of communication equipment, and the related

amendment to rule 8.257(d)(3).2 Instead, we direct the JCR Committee to 

coordinate its efforts as to those rule amendments with other Florida Bar rules 

committees, as explained below.

Modified and Rejected Proposals

 

2. We also make a minor technical change to form 8.991 (Final Order 

Dismissing Petition for Judicial Waiver of Parental Notice of Termination of 

Pregnancy). 
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First, we decline to amend juvenile rule 8.080(c)(10) as proposed. That rule

currently addresses the deportation consequences of a child entering a plea of 

guilty or nolo contendere to a delinquency change. The JCR Committee urges the 

Court to amend the rule to address potential “immigration consequences” of a 

juvenile entering a plea. Instead, we modify the proposed amendments to the 

juvenile rule to address only “deportation consequences,” consistent with the 

Court’s limitation of a similar proposal by the Criminal Procedure Rules 

Committee (CrimPR Committee) to amend Florida Rule of Criminal Procedure

3.172(c)(8). See In re Amends. to Fla. Rules of Crim. Pro., 188 So. 3d at 766. 

New “child friendly” form 8.953 (Waiver of Rights) was proposed to ensure 

that juveniles understand the charges against them and the potential consequences 

of pleading nolo contendere or guilty. Consistent with our limiting juvenile rule 

8.080(c)(10) to “deportation consequences,” we have changed item 6(b) 

“immigration issues” in the new form to “deportation issues.”

Next, we decline to adopt, at this time, the proposed amendments to rule 

8.090(m)(3) that would establish the single 15-day speedy-trial recapture window

suggested by Justice Pariente in her concurring opinion in State v. S.A., 133 So. 3d 

506, 509-10 (Fla. 2014) (Pariente J., concurring). Instead, we direct the JCR 

Committee to work with the CrimPR Committee to coordinate amendments to the 

juvenile and criminal speedy-trial rules, in order to ensure continued consistency in 
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the time frames in those rules. Id. at 510 (recognizing that the Court “has 

interpreted the nearly identical language of the juvenile and adult [speedy-trial] 

rules consistently”).

We also decline to adopt, at this time, proposed new juvenile rule 8.255(e) 

(Taking Testimony), which would address the use of communication equipment in 

dependency proceedings. And we direct the JCR Committee to work with the RJA 

Committee to ensure that any proposed juvenile rule addressing the use of 

communication equipment is consistent with Florida Rule of Judicial 

Administration 2.530 (Communication Equipment) or any amendments to that 

rule, which, according to the CivPR Committee, are currently being developed. 

See In re Amends. to Fla. Rules of Jud. Admin., 73 So. 3d 210, 211-12 (Fla. 2011)

(explaining that judicial administration rule 2.530 is the rule of general application 

for the use of communication equipment in all types of cases). Because we decline 

to adopt new rule 8.255(e), we also decline to adopt the proposed amendment to 

rule 8.257(d)(3) that would replace the reference to “Florida Rule of Judicial 

Administration 2.530” with “these rules.”

More Significant Amendments

We discuss the more significant amendments that we adopt as proposed

below. 
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Subdivision (b) is added to rule 8.005 (Ordering Children Into Custody) and 

a sentence is added to rule 8.045(g) (Failure to Appear) to prohibit the court from 

issuing a custody order based on a child’s failing to appear unless there is evidence 

that the child willfully failed to appear.

New subdivision (a)(2)(A)(i)h. is added to rule 8.060 (Discovery) to include 

informant witnesses who will offer testimony concerning the statements of a child 

charged with a delinquent act as Category A witnesses. New subdivisions 

(a)(2)(L)(i)–(a)(2)(L)(vi) require the state to disclose to the child or the child’s 

counsel and permit the inspection, copying, testing, and photographing of any 

material or information that has been provided by an informant witness. “Names 

and addresses of” all persons whom the child expects to call as witnesses is added 

to subdivision (b)(1)(A) to specify the information that the child must include in 

the witness information provided to the petitioner.

A number of amendments are made to rule 8.100 (General Provisions for 

Hearings) concerning the use of restraints on the child. The first sentence in 

subdivision (b) (Use of Restraints on the Child) is amended to replace “may” with 

“shall,” and add “cloth and leather restraints, or other similar items” to the list of 

examples of instruments of restraint that “shall not be used on a child during a 

court proceeding,” except as provided in the rule. That sentence is further 

amended to require a court order, prior to the child’s appearance in the courtroom,
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before the child can be restrained during a court proceeding. A second sentence is 

created emphasizing that all instruments of restraint must be removed prior to the 

child’s appearance unless “after an individualized assessment of the child,” the 

court makes the requisite findings. Several new subdivisions are added. New 

subdivision (b)(3) specifies the factors the court must consider when making a 

finding that the use of restraints is necessary. New subdivision (b)(4) requires the 

court to give the child’s attorney an opportunity to be heard before ordering the use 

of restraints and that counsel be appointed for the hearing if the child qualifies for 

such appointment and does not waive counsel in writing. New subdivision (b)(5) 

requires that if the court orders restraints be used, the court must make specific and 

individualized findings of facts in support of the order and the least restrictive 

restraints must be used. And, if restraints are ordered, the child must be able to use 

his or her hands for limited movement that allows the child to read and handle 

documents necessary to the hearing. Finally, new subdivision (b)(6) prohibits a 

child from being restrained using restraints fixed to a wall, floor, or furniture.

Subdivision (a)(2) of rule 8.435 (Reinstatement of Jurisdiction for Young 

Adult) is amended to require a petition for reinstatement of jurisdiction for a young 

adult reentering extended foster care to indicate whether the young adult has a 

special need requiring appointment of counsel as required by section 39.01305, 

Florida Statutes. New subdivision (c)(3) requires that in the order on the petition 
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for reinstatement of jurisdiction, the court appoint an attorney to represent a young 

adult with special needs who is not represented by an attorney. Rule 8.320 

(Providing Counsel to Parties) is similarly amended to add new subdivision (a)(4) 

to require the court to “appoint an attorney to represent a child with special needs 

as defined in chapter 39, Florida Statutes, and who is not already represented by an 

attorney.” 

CONCLUSION

Accordingly, we amend the Florida Rules of Juvenile Procedure as reflected 

in the appendix to this opinion. New language is indicated by underscoring; 

deletions are indicated by struck-through type. The amendments shall become 

effective January 1, 2019, at 12:01 a.m. 

It is so ordered.

CANADY, C.J., and PARIENTE, LEWIS, QUINCE, POLSTON, LABARGA, 

and LAWSON, JJ., concur.

ANY MOTION FOR REHEARING OR CLARIFICATION MUST BE FILED 

WITHIN SEVEN DAYS. A RESPONSE TO THE MOTION FOR 

REHEARING/CLARIFICATION MAY BE FILED WITHIN FIVE DAYS 

AFTER THE FILING OF THE MOTION FOR REHEARING/CLARIFICATION. 

THE FILING OF A MOTION FOR REHEARING SHALL NOT ALTER THE 

EFFECTIVE DATE OF THESE AMENDMENTS.

Original Proceeding – Florida Rules of Juvenile Procedure

David Neal Silverstein, Chair, Bradenton, Florida, and Kara Ann Fenlon, Past 

Chair, Tallahassee, Florida, Juvenile Court Rules Committee, Tallahassee, Florida; 

and Joshua E. Doyle, Executive Director, and Mikalla Andies Davis, Staff Liaison, 

The Florida Bar, Tallahassee, Florida,
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for Petitioner

Honorable Rodolfo Armando Ruiz II, Chair, and Miguel J. Chamorro, Liaison,

Civil Procedure Rules Committee, Miami, Florida; Blaise Trettis, Public Defender, 

Eighteenth Judicial Circuit, Viera, Florida; and Glen P. Gifford, Public Defender, 

Second Judicial Circuit, Tallahassee, Florida,

Responding with Comments
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APPENDIX

RULE 8.005. ORDERING CHILDREN INTO CUSTODY

If a verified petition has been filed, or if, prior to the filing of a petition, an 

affidavit or sworn testimony is presented to the court, either of which alleges facts 

which under existing law are sufficient to authorize that a child be taken into 

custody, the court may issue an order to a person, authorized to do so, directing 

that the child be taken into custody.

(a) Requirements of Order. The order shall:

(a1) be in writing;

(b2) specify the name and address of the child or, if unknown, 

designate the child by any name or description by which the child can be identified 

with reasonable certainty;

(c3) specify the age and sex of the child or, if the child’s age is 

unknown, that he or she is believed to be of an age subject to the jurisdiction of the 

circuit court as a juvenile case;

(d4) state the reasons why the child is being taken into custody;

(e5) order that the child be brought immediately before the court or 

be taken to a place of detention designated by the court to be detained pending a 

detention hearing;

(f6) state the date when issued and the county and court where 

issued; and

(g7) be signed by the court with the title of office, or may be 

electronically signed if the custody order bears the affiant’s signature or electronic 

signature and is supported by an oath or affirmation administered by the court or 

other person authorized by law to administer oaths.

(b) Prohibited Orders. The court shall not issue an order to take into 

custody for a failure to appear for children in the care or custody of the state unless 

the court has information that the child willfully failed to appear. 
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RULE 8.045. NOTICE TO APPEAR

(a) – (e) [No Change]

(f) Contents. A notice to appear shall contain the following information:

(1) Tthe name and address of the child and the person to whom the 

child was released.;

(2) Tthe date of the offense(s).;

(3) Tthe offense(s) charged by statute and municipal ordinance, if 

applicable.;

(4) Tthe counts of each offense.;

(5) Tthe time and place where the child is to appear.;

(6) Tthe name and address of the trial court having jurisdiction to 

try the offense(s) charged.;

(7) Tthe name of the arresting officer or authorized agent of the 

department.; and

(8) Tthe signatures of the child and the person to whom the child 

was released.

(g) Failure to Appear. When a child signs a written notice to appear and 

fails to respond to the notice, an order to take into custody shall be issued. The 

court shall not issue an order to take into custody for a child in the care or custody 

of the state unless the court has information that the child willfully failed to appear.

(h) [No Change]

Committee Notes

[No Change]
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RULE 8.060. DISCOVERY

(a) Notice of Discovery.

(1) [No Change]

(2) Within 5 days of service of the child’s notice of discovery, the 

petitioner shall serve a written discovery exhibit which shall disclose to the child or 

the child’s counsel and permit the child or the child’s counsel to inspect, copy, test, 

and photograph the following information and material within the petitioner’s 

possession or control:

(A) A list of the names and addresses of all persons known to 

the petitioner to have information whichthat may be relevant to the allegations, to 

any defense with respect thereto, or to any similar fact evidence to be presented at 

trial under section 90.402(2), Florida Statutes. The names and addresses of persons 

listed shall be clearly designated in the following categories:

(i) Category A. These witnesses shall include:

(a)a. eye witnesses;

(b)b. alibi witnesses and rebuttal to alibi 

witnesses;

(c)c. witnesses who were present when a recorded 

or unrecorded statement was taken from or made by the child or codefendant, 

which shall be separately identified within this category;

(d)d. investigating officers;

(e)e. witnesses known by the petitioner to have 

any material information that tends to negate the guilt of the child as to the 

petition’s allegations;

(f)f. child hearsay witnesses; and

(g)g. expert witnesses who have not provided a 

written report and a curriculum vitae or who are going to testify.; and
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h. informant witnesses who will offer 

testimony concerning the statements of a child charged with a delinquent act about 

the issues for which the child is being tried.

(ii) – (iii) [No Change]

(B) – (E) [No Change]

(F) Any tangible papers or objects whichthat were obtained 

from or belonged to the child.

(G) Whether the petitioner has any material or information 

whichthat has been provided by a confidential informant.

(H) – (J) [No Change]

(K) Any tangible papers or objects whichthat the petitioner 

intends to use in the hearing and whichthat were not obtained from or belonged to 

the child.

(L) Whether the state has any material or information that 

has been provided by an informant witness, including:

(i) the substance of any statement allegedly made by 

the child about which the informant may testify;

(ii) a summary of the criminal record of the informant 

witness;

(iii) a summary of the delinquency record of the 

informant witness, if court ordered;

(iv) the time and place under which the child’s alleged 

statement was made;

(v) whether the informant witness has received, or 

expects to receive, anything in exchange for his or her testimony; and

(vi) the informant witness’s prior history of 

cooperation, in return for any benefit, as known to the state.

(3) – (5) [No Change]
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(b) Required Disclosure to Petitioner.

(1) If a child elects to participate in discovery, within 5 days after 

receipt by the child of the discovery exhibit furnished by the petitioner under this 

rule, the following disclosures shall be made:

(A) The child shall furnish to the petitioner a written list of 

names and addresses of all persons whom the child expects to call as witnesses at 

the hearing. When the petitioner subpoenas a witness whose name has been 

furnished by the child, except for hearing subpoenas, reasonable notice shall be 

given to the child as to the time and location of examination pursuant to the 

subpoena. At such examination, the child through counsel shall have the right to be 

present and to examine the witness. The physical presence of the child shall be 

governed by rule 8.060(d)(6).

(B) [No Change]

(2) – (3) [No Change]

(c) [No Change]

(d) Depositions.

(1) – (5) [No Change]

(6) Physical Presence of Child. The child shall not be physically 

present at a deposition except upon stipulation of the parties or as provided by this 

rule.

The court may order the physical presence of the child upon a 

showing of good cause. In ruling, the court may consider: 

(A) – (B) [No Change]

(C) any cost or inconvenience whichthat may result; and

(D) [No Change]

(7) – (9) [No Change]

(e) [No Change]
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(f) Nontestimonial Discovery. After the filing of the petition, upon 

application, and subject to constitutional limitations, the court may with directions 

as to time, place, and method, and upon conditions whichthat are just, require:

(1) – (2) [No Change]

(g) [No Change]

(h) Supplemental Discovery. If, subsequent to compliance with these 

rules, a party discovers additional witnesses, evidence, or material whichthat the 

party would have been under a duty to disclose or produce at the time of such 

previous compliance, the party shall promptly disclose or produce such witnesses, 

evidence, or material in the same manner as required under these rules for initial 

discovery.

(i) – (j) [No Change]

(k) Motion to Terminate or Limit Examination. At any time during the 

taking of a deposition, on motion of a party or of the deponent, and upon a 

showing that the examination is being conducted in bad faith or in such manner as 

to unreasonably annoy, embarrass, or oppress the deponent or party, the court in 

which the action is pending or the circuit court where the deposition is being taken 

may:

(1) terminate the deposition,;

(2) limit the scope and manner of the taking of the deposition,;

(3) limit the time of the deposition,;

(4) continue the deposition to a later time,;

(5) order the deposition to be taken in open court and, in addition,;

(6) may impose any sanction authorized by this rule. 

If the order terminates the deposition, it shall be resumed thereafter only 

upon the order of the court in which the action is pending. Upon demand of any 

party or deponent, the taking of the deposition shall be suspended for the time 

necessary to make a motion for an order.
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(l) – (m) [No Change]

Court Commentary

[No Change]

RULE 8.080. ACCEPTANCE OF GUILTY OR NOLO CONTENDERE 

PLEA

(a) – (b) [No Change]

(c) Determination by Court. The court, when making this 

determination, should place the child under oath and shall address the child 

personally. The court shall determine that the child understands each of the 

following rights and consequences of entering a guilty or nolo contendere plea:

(1) Nature of the Charge. The nature of the charge to which the 

plea is offered and the possible dispositions available to the court.

(2) Right to Representation. If the child is not represented by an 

attorney, that the child has the right to be represented by an attorney at every stage 

of the proceedings and, if necessary, one will be appointed. Counsel shall be 

appointed if the child qualifies for such appointment and does not waive counsel in 

writing subject to the requirements of rule 8.165.

(3) Right to an Adjudicatory Hearing and Attendant Rights. 

That the child has the right to plead not guilty, or to persist in that plea if it had 

already been made, and that the child has the right to an adjudicatory hearing and 

at that hearing has the right to the assistance of counsel, the right to compel the 

attendance of witnesses on his or her behalf, the right to confront and crossexamine witnesses against him or her, and the right not to be compelled to 

incriminate himself or herself.

(4) Effect of Plea. That, if the child pleads guilty or nolo 

contendere, without express reservation of the right to appeal, the right to appeal 

all matters relating to the judgment, including the issue of guilt or innocence, is 

relinquished, but the right to review by appropriate collateral attack is not 

impaired.
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(5) Waiving Right to an Adjudicatory Hearing. That, if the child 

pleads guilty or nolo contendere, there will not be a further adjudicatory hearing of 

any kind, so that by pleading so the right to an adjudicatory hearing is waived.

(6) Questioning by Judge. That, if the child pleads guilty or nolo 

contendere, the court may ask the child questions about the offense to which the 

child has pleaded, and, if those questions are answered under oath, on the record, 

the answers may later be used against the child in a prosecution for perjury.

(7) Terms of Plea Agreement. The complete terms of any plea 

agreement including specifically all obligations the child will incur as a result.

(8) Sexual Offender Registration. That, if the child pleads guilty 

or nolo contendere to certain sexual offenses, the child may be required to register 

as a sexual offender.

(9) Sexually Violent or Sexually Motivated Offenses. That, if the 

child pleads guilty or nolo contendere, and the offense to which the child is 

pleading is a sexually violent offense or a sexually motivated offense, or if the 

child has been previously adjudicated for such an offense, the plea may subject the 

child to involuntary civil commitment as a sexually violent predator on completion 

of his or her sentence. It shall not be necessary for the trial judge to determine 

whether the present or prior offenses were sexually motivated, as this admonition 

shall be given to all children in all cases.

(10) That, if the child pleads guilty or nolo contendere, and the child 

is not a United States citizen, the facts underlying the plea may subject the child to 

deportation pursuant to the laws and regulations governing the United States 

Citizenship and Immigration Services. It shall not be necessary for the trial judge 

to inquire as to whether the child is a United States citizen, as this admonition shall 

be given to all children in all cases.Deportation Consequences.

(A) If the child is not a citizen of the United States, the facts 

underlying the child’s plea and the court’s acceptance of the plea of guilty or nolo 

contendere, regardless of whether adjudication of guilt has been withheld, may 

have the additional consequences of changing his or her immigration status, 

including deportation or removal from the United States, pursuant to the laws of 

the United States.
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(B) The court should advise the child to consult with counsel 

if he or she needs additional information concerning the potential deportation 

consequences of the plea.

(C) If the child has not discussed the potential deportation 

consequences with his or her counsel, prior to accepting the child’s plea, the court 

is required, upon request, to allow a reasonable amount of time to permit the child 

to consider the appropriateness of the plea in light of the advisement described in 

this subdivision.

(D) This admonition should be given to all children in all 

cases, and the trial court must not require at the time of entering a plea that the 

child disclose his or her legal status in the United States.

(d) – (h) [No Change]

RULE 8.085. PREHEARING MOTIONS AND SERVICE 

(a) Prehearing Motions. 

(1) Motions in General. Every motion made before a hearing and 

any pleading in response to the motion shall be in writing and shall be signed by 

the party making the motion andor if the party is represented by an attorney, the 

party’s attorney. This requirement may be waived by the court for good cause 

shown.

(2) – (6) [No Change]

(b) – (d) [No Change]

(e) Pleading to Be Signed by Attorney. Every written paper or pleading 

of a party represented by an attorney shall be signed in the attorney’s individual 

name by such attorney, whose mailing address, primary e-mail address and 

telephone number, including area code, and Florida Bar number shall be stated, 

and who shall be duly licensed to practice law in Florida. Any document served by 

e-mail or filed electronically may be signed by any of the “/s/,” “/s”, or “s/” 

formats. The attorney may be required by an order of court to vouch for the 

authority to represent such party and to give the address of such party. Except 

when otherwise specifically provided by these rules or applicable statute, pleadings 

as such need not be verified or accompanied by affidavit. 
- 20 -

(f) – (h) [No Change]

Committee Notes

[No Change]

RULE 8.090. SPEEDY TRIAL

(a) Time. If a petition has been filed alleging a child to have committed a 

delinquent act, the child shall be brought to an adjudicatory hearing without 

demand within 90 days of the earlier of the following:

(1) Tthe date the child was taken into custody.; or

(2) Tthe date of service of the summons that is issued when the 

petition is filed.

(b) DismissalMotion to Discharge. If an adjudicatory hearing has not 

commenced within 90 days, upon motion timely filed with the court and served 

upon the prosecuting attorney, the respondentchild shall be entitled to the 

appropriate remedy as set forth in subdivision (m). The court bBefore granting 

such motion, the court shall make the required inquiry under subdivision (d).

(c) Commencement. A child shall be deemedconsidered to have been 

brought to trial if the adjudicatory hearing begins before the court within the time 

provided. The adjudicatory hearing is considered to have commenced when the 

first witness is sworn before the judge.

(d) Motion to DismissDischarge Exceptions. If the adjudicatory hearing 

is not commenced within the periods of time established, the respondentchild shall 

be entitled to the appropriate remedy as set forth in subdivision (m) unless any of 

the following situations exist:

(1) – (2) [No Change]

(3) The failure to hold an adjudicatory hearing is attributable to the 

child, a co-respondent in the same adjudicatory hearing, or their counselor his or 

her counsel, or to accommodate a co-defendant when the state shows the necessity 

of trying the cases together.
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(4) The child was unavailable for the adjudicatory hearing. A child 

is unavailable if:

(A) – (B) [No Change]

No presumption of nonavailability attaches, but if the state objects to 

dismissaldischarge and presents any evidence tending to showevidence of

nonavailability, the child must, by competent proof, establish availability during 

the term.

(5) [No Change]

(6) If the court finds dismissaldischarge is not appropriate, the 

pending motion to dismissdischarge shall be denied, and an adjudicatory hearing 

shall commence within 90 days of a written or recorded order of denial.

(e) Incompetency of Child. Upon the filing of a motion to 

declaresuggesting that the child may be incompetent, the speedy trial period shall 

be tolled until a subsequent finding of the court that the child is competent to 

proceed.

(f) Extension of Time. The period of time established by subdivision (a) 

may be extended as follows:

(1) [No Change]

(2) By written or recorded order of the court on the court’s own 

motion or motion by either party in exceptional circumstances. The order 

extending the period shall recite the reasons for the extension and the length of the 

extension. Exceptional circumstances are those which require an extension as a 

matter of substantial justice to the child or the state or both. Such circumstances 

include:

(A) [No Change]

(B) a showing by the state that the case is so unusual and so 

complex, due to the number of respondentschild co-defendants or the nature of the 

prosecution or otherwise, that it is unreasonable to expect adequate investigation or 

preparation within the periods of time established by this rule;

(C) – (D) [No Change]
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(E) a showing that a delay is necessary to accommodate a corespondentdefendant, wherewhen there is a reason not to sever the cases in order to 

proceed promptly with the trial of the respondentchild; or

(F) [No Change]

Exceptional circumstances shall not include general congestion of the 

court’s docket, lack of diligent preparation or failure to obtain available witnesses, 

or other avoidable or foreseeable delays.

(3) By written or recorded order of the court for a period of 

reasonable and necessary delay resulting from proceedings including, but not 

limited to, an examination and hearing to determine the mental competency or 

physical ability of the respondentchild to stand trial for hearings or pretrial 

motions, for appeals by the state, and for adjudicatory hearings of other pending 

charges against the child.

(g) Speedy Trial Upon Demand. Except as otherwise provided by this 

rule and subject to the limitations imposed by subdivision (h), the child shall have 

the right to demand a trial within 60 days, by filing a written pleading entitled 

“Demand for Speedy Trial” with the court and serving it upon the prosecuting 

attorney.

(1) – (4) [No Change]

(h) Demand for Speedy Trial; Effect. A demand for speedy trial shall be 

deemed a pleading by the respondentchild that he or she is available for the 

adjudicatory hearing, has diligently investigated the case, and is prepared or will be 

prepared for the adjudicatory hearing within 5 days. A demand may not be 

withdrawn by the child except on order of the court, with consent of the state, or on 

good cause shown. Good cause for continuance or delay on behalf of the 

accusedchild shall not thereafter include nonreadiness for the adjudicatory hearing, 

except as to matters whichthat may arise after the demand for the adjudicatory 

hearing is filed and whichthat could not reasonably have been anticipated by the 

accusedchild or defense counsel.

(i) DismissalDischarge After Demand. If an adjudicatory hearing has 

not commenced within 50 days after a demand for speedy trial, upon motion timely 

filed with the court having jurisdiction and served upon the prosecuting attorney, 

the child shall have the right to the appropriate remedy as set forth in subdivision 

(m), provided the court has made the required inquiry under subdivision (d).
- 23 -

(j) Effect of Mistrial, Appeal, or Order of New TrialAdjudicatory 

Hearing. A child who is to be tried again or whose adjudicatory hearing has been 

delayed by an appeal by the state or the respondentchild shall be brought to trial 

within 90 days from the date of declaration of a mistrial by the trial court, the date 

of an order by the trial court granting a new trialadjudicatory hearing, or the date of 

receipt by the trial court of a mandate, order, or notice of whatever form from an 

appellate or other reviewing court which makes possible a new trialadjudicatory 

hearing for the respondentchild, whichever is last. If the child is not brought to 

trialan adjudicatory hearing within the prescribed time periods, the child shall be 

entitled to the appropriate remedy as set forth in subdivision (m).

(k) - (l) [No Change]

(m) Remedy for Failure to Try RespondentChild Within the Specified 

Time.

(1) No remedy shall be granted to any respondentchild under this 

rule until the court shall have made the required inquiry under subdivision (d).

(2) The respondentchild may, at any time after the expiration of the 

prescribed time period, file a motion for discharge. Upon filing the motion the 

respondentchild shall simultaneously file a notice of hearing. The motion for 

discharge and its notice of hearing shall be served upon the prosecuting attorney.

(3) No later than 5 days from the date of the filing of a motion for 

discharge, the court shall hold a hearing on the motion and, unless the court finds 

that one of the reasons set forth in subdivision (d) exists, shall order that the 

respondentchild be brought to trial within 10 days. If the respondentchild is not 

brought to trial within the 10-day period through no fault of the respondentchild, 

the respondentchild shall be forever discharged from the crimedelinquent act or 

violation of law.

Committee Notes

[No Change]

RULE 8.100. GENERAL PROVISIONS FOR HEARINGS

Unless otherwise provided, the following provisions apply to all hearings:
- 24 -

(a) [No Change]

(b) Use of Restraints on the Child. Instruments of restraint, such as 

handcuffs, chains, irons, or straitjackets, cloth and leather restraints, or other 

similar items, mayshall not be used on a child during a court proceeding and except 

when ordered by the court prior to the child’s appearance in the courtroom in 

accordance with this rule. Instruments of restraint must be removed prior to the 

child’s appearance before the court unless after an individualized assessment of the 

child the court finds both that:

(1) The use of restraints is necessary due to one of the following 

factors:

(A) Instruments of restraint are necessary to prevent physical 

harm to the child or another person;

(B) Tthe child’s has a history of disruptive courtroom 

behavior that has placed others in potentially harmful situations or that presents a 

substantial risk of inflicting physical harm or himself or herself or others as 

evidenced by recent behavior; or 

(C) There is a founded belief that the child presents a 

substantial risk of flight from the courtroom; and

(2) There are no less restrictive alternatives to restraints that will 

prevent flight or physical harm to the child or another person, including, but not 

limited to, the presence of court personnel, law enforcement officers, or bailiffs. 

(3) In making a determination that the use of instruments of 

restraint is necessary, pursuant to subdivision (b)(1), the court shall consider:

(A) any past escapes or attempted escapes by the child; 

(B) evidence of a present plan of escape by the child;

(C) a credible threat by the child to harm himself or herself or 

another person during court; 

(D) evidence of self-injurious behavior on part of the child; 

and 
- 25 -

(E) any other factor that is relevant in determining whether 

the use of instruments of restraint are necessary pursuant to subdivision (b)(1). 

(4) The court shall provide the child’s attorney an opportunity to be 

heard before the court orders the use of restraints. Counsel shall be appointed for 

this hearing if the child qualifies for such appointment and does not waive counsel 

in writing as required by rule 8.165.

(5) If restraints are ordered, the court shall make specific and 

individualized findings of fact in support of the order and the least restrictive 

restraints shall be used. Any restraints shall allow the child limited movement of 

his or her hands to read and handle documents and writings necessary to the 

hearing.

(6) Under no circumstances should a child be restrained using fixed 

restraints to a wall, floor, or furniture.

(c) – (g) [No Change]

RULE 8.110. ADJUDICATORY HEARINGS

(a) Appearances; Pleas. The child shall appear before the court at the 

times set and, unless a written plea has been filed, enter a plea of guilty, not guilty, 

or, with the consent of the court, nolo contendere.

(b) [No Change]

(c) Trial by JudgeCourt. The adjudicatory hearing shall be conducted 

by the judge without a jury. At this hearing, the court determines whether the 

allegations of the petition have been sustained.

(d) Testimony. The child may be sworn and testify in his or her own 

behalf. The child may be cross-examined as other witnesses. No child shall be 

compelled to give testimony against himself or herself, nor shall any prosecuting 

attorney be permitted to comment on the failure of the child to testify in his or her 

own behalf. A child offering no testimony in his or her own behalf except his or 

her own shall be entitled to the concluding argument.
- 26 -

(ed) Joint and Separate Trials. When 2 or more children are alleged to 

have committed a delinquent act or violation of law, they shall be tried jointly 

unless the court in its discretion orders separate trials.

(e) Testimony. The child may choose to be sworn as a witness and testify 

in his or her own behalf. The child may be cross-examined as other witnesses. No 

child shall be compelled to give testimony against himself or herself, nor shall any 

prosecuting attorney be permitted to comment on the failure of the child to testify 

in his or her own behalf. A child offering no testimony on his or her own behalf 

except his or her own shall be entitled to the concluding argument.

(f) Dismissal. If the court finds that the allegations in the petition have 

not been sustained, it shall enter an order so finding and dismissing the case. 

Motion for Judgment of Dismissal. If, at the close of the evidence for the 

petitioner or at the close of all the evidence in the cause, the court is of the opinion 

that the evidence is insufficient to establish a prima facie case of guilt against the 

child, it may, or on the motion of the state attorney or the child shall, enter an order 

dismissing the petition for insufficiency of the evidence. A motion for judgment of 

dismissal is not waived by subsequent introduction of evidence on behalf of the 

child. The motion must fully set forth the grounds on which it is based.

(g) Dispositional Alternatives. If the court finds that the evidence 

supports the allegations of the petition, it may enter an order of adjudication or

withhold adjudication as provided by law. If the pre-disposition report required by 

law is available, the court may proceed immediately to disposition or continue the 

case for a disposition hearing. If the report is not available, the court will continue 

the case for a disposition hearing and refer it to the appropriate agency or agencies 

for a study and recommendation. If the case is continued the court may order the 

child detained.Dismissal. If the court finds that the allegations in the petition have 

not been proven beyond a reasonable doubt, it shall enter an order so finding and 

dismissing the case.

(h) Degree of Offense. If in a petition there is alleged an offense which is 

divided into degrees, the court may find the child committed an offense of the

degree alleged or of any lesser degree supported by the evidence.

(i) [No Change]

(j) Lesser Included Offenses. On a petition on which the child is to be 

tried for any offense, the court may find the child committed:
- 27 -

(1) an attempt to commit the offense, if thesuch attempt is an 

offense and is supported by the evidence; or

(2) any offense that as a matter of law is a necessarily included 

offense or a lesser included offense of the offense charged in the petition and is 

supported by the evidence.

(k) Motion for Judgment of Dismissal. If at the close of the evidence 

for the petitioner, the court is of the opinion that the evidence is insufficient to 

establish a prima facie case of guilt against the child, it may, or on the motion of 

the state attorney or the child shall, enter an order dismissing the petition for 

insufficiency of the evidence.Dispositional Alternatives. If the court finds that the 

evidence proved the allegations of the petition beyond a reasonable doubt, it may 

enter an order of adjudication or withhold adjudication as provided by law. If the 

pre-disposition report required by law is available, the court may proceed 

immediately to disposition or continue the case for a disposition hearing. If the 

report is not available, the court will continue the case for a disposition hearing and 

refer it to the appropriate agency or agencies for a study and recommendation. If 

the case is continued the court may order the child detained.

RULE 8.255. GENERAL PROVISIONS FOR HEARINGS

(a) – (d) [No Change]

(e) Invoking the Rule. Before the examination of any witness the court 

may, and on the request of any party shallmust, exclude all other witnesses. The 

court may cause witnesses to be kept separate and to be prevented from 

communicating with each other until all are examined. 

(f) [No Change]

(g) Record. A record of the testimony in all hearings shallmust be made 

by an official court reporter, a court-approved stenographer, or a recording device. 

The records of testimony shallmust be preserved as required by law. Official 

records of testimony shallmust be transcribed only on order of the court. 

(h) [No Change]
- 28 -

(i) Advising Parents. At any hearing when it has been determined that 

reunification is not a viable alternative, and prior to the filing of the petition for 

termination of parental rights, the court shall advise the parent of the availability of 

private placement of the child with an adoption entity as defined in Chapter 63, 

Florida Statutes.Written Notice. The court must provide written notice of the right 

to participate in a private adoption plan, pursuant to chapter 63, Florida Statutes, 

when required by law.

Committee Notes 

[No Change]

RULE 8.257. GENERAL MAGISTRATES

(a) – (f) [No Change]

(g) Record.

(1) For the purpose of the hearing on exceptions, a record, 

substantially in conformity with this rule, shall be provided to the court by the 

party seeking review. The record shall consist of:

(A) – (C) [No Change]

(2) – (4) [No Change]

(h) [No Change]

RULE 8.320. PROVIDING COUNSEL TO PARTIES

(a) Duty of the Court.

(1) At each stage of the dependency proceeding, the court shall 

advise the parent of the right to have counsel present.

(2) – (3)
- 29 -

(4) At each stage of the dependency proceeding, the court shall 

appoint an attorney to represent a child with special needs as defined in chapter 39, 

Florida Statutes, and who is not already represented by an attorney.

(b) [No Change]

RULE 8.425. PERMANENCY HEARINGS

(a) [No Change]

(b) Determinations at Hearing.

(1) The court shall determine:

(A) – (D) [No Change]

(2) – (3) [No Change]

(4) If the court approves a permanency goal of adoption, the court 

shall advise the parents of the availability of private placement of the child with an 

adoption entity, as defined in chapter 63, Florida Statutes.

(c) [No Change]

(d) Permanency Order.

(1) – (2) [No Change]

(3) If the court approves a permanency goal of adoption, the order 

approving this goal shall include a provision stating that the court advised the 

parents of the availability of private placement of the child with an adoption entity 

as defined in chapter 63, Florida Statutes, during the permanency hearing.

(43) If the court approves a permanency goal of permanent 

guardianship of a dependent child, placement with a fit and willing relative, or 

another planned permanent living arrangement, the court shall make findings as to 

why this permanent placement is established without adoption of the child to 

follow. The department and the guardian ad litem must provide the court with a 

recommended list and description of services needed by the child, such as 

independent living services and medical, dental, educational, or psychological 
- 30 -

referrals, and a recommended list and description of services needed by his or her 

caregiver.

(54) If the court establishes a permanent guardianship for the child, 

the court’s written order shall:

(A) – (F) [No Change]

(65) The court shall retain jurisdiction over the case and the child 

shall remain in the custody of the permanent guardian unless the order creating the 

permanent guardianship is modified by the court. The court shall discontinue 

regular review hearings and relieve the department of the responsibility for 

supervising the placement of the child. Notwithstanding the retention of 

jurisdiction, the placement shall be considered permanency for the child.

(76) If the court permanently places a child with a fit and willing 

relative, the court’s written order shall:

(A) – (D) [No Change]

(87) If the court establishes another planned permanent living 

arrangement as the child’s permanency option:

(A) – (D) [No Change]

(e) – (f) [No Change]

RULE 8.435. REINSTATEMENT OF JURISDICTION FOR YOUNG 

ADULT

(a) Petition for Reinstatement of Jurisdiction.

(1) [No Change]

(2) The petition for reinstatement of jurisdiction must be in writing 

and specify that the young adult meets the eligibility requirements for readmission 

to foster care as provided by law. The petition shall indicate whether the young 

adult has a special need requiring appointment of counsel as required by section 

39.01305, Florida Statutes. The petition is not required to be sworn and notarized.
- 31 -

(3) [No Change]

(b) [No Change]

(c) Order on Petition for Reinstatement of Jurisdiction.

(1) – (2) [No Change]

(3) The court shall appoint an attorney to represent a young adult 

with special needs as defined in section 39.01305, Florida Statutes, who is not 

already represented by an attorney.
- 32 -

FORM 8.947. DISPOSITION ORDER—DELINQUENCY

DISPOSITION ORDER

A petition was filed on .....(date)....., alleging .....(name)....., ..... age, to be a delinquent 

child. The court finds that it has jurisdiction of the proceedings. 

Present before the court were:

.....the child; 

..... .....(name)....., Assistant State Attorney; 

..... .....(name)....., Assistant Public Defender/defense attorney; 

..... .....(name)....., guardian;

..... .....(name)....., DJJ juvenile probation officer. 

At the hearing on .....(date)....., after ..... entry of a plea/an adjudicatory hearing.....the 

child was found to have committed the delinquent acts listed below: 

Count Count Count Count

Charge .......... .......... .......... ..........

Lesser .......... .......... .......... ..........

Maximum .......... .......... .......... ..........

Degree .......... .......... .......... ..........

Guilty .......... .......... .......... ..........

Nolo contendere .......... .......... .......... ..........

Nolo prose .......... .......... .......... ..........

Adjudicated .......... .......... .......... ..........

Adj. withheld .......... .......... .......... ..........

The predisposition report was ..... received and considered/waived by the child .....

The court, having considered the evidence and comments offered by those present, 

having inquired, and being otherwise fully advised in the premises ORDERS THAT:

..... Adjudication of delinquency is withheld.

..... The child is adjudicated delinquent,......

..... The child is committed to a ..... licensed child caring agency.....the Department of 

Juvenile Justice for placement in:

..... The child is committed to the Department of Juvenile Justice for placement in:
- 33 -

..... a minimum-risk nonresidential commitment program, for an indeterminate period, 

but no longer than the child’s 21st birthday or the maximum term of imprisonment an 

adult may serve for each count listed above, whichever comes first.

..... a ... low- or ... moderate-risknon-secure residential commitment program, for an 

indeterminate period, but no longer than the child’s 21st birthday or the maximum term of 

imprisonment an adult may serve for each count listed above, whichever comes first, 

because

..... the child is before the court for the disposition of a felony; 

..... the child has previously been adjudicated or had adjudication withheld for a 

felony offense;

..... the child previously has been adjudicated or had adjudication withheld for 

three or more misdemeanor offenses within the previous 18 months;

..... the child is before the court for disposition for a violation of sections 800.03, 

806.031, or 828.12, Florida Statutes; or 

..... the court finds by a preponderance of the evidence that the protection of the 

public requires such placement or that the particular needs of the child would 

be best served by such placement. The facts supporting this finding are: 

...........

..... a high-risk commitment program, for an indeterminate period, but no longer 

than the child’s 21st birthday or the maximum term of imprisonment an adult 

may serve for each count listed above, whichever comes first, because the 

child is before the court for the disposition of a felony.

..... a maximum-risk commitment program, for an indeterminate period, but no 

longer than the child’s 21st birthday or the maximum term of imprisonment an 

adult may serve for each count listed above, whichever comes first, because 

the child meets the criteria in section 985.465 or 985.494, Florida Statutes. 

..... The child is allowed .......... days credit for time spent in secure detention or incarceration 

before this date.

..... The child shall be placed on:

..... home detention ..... with/without ..... electronic monitoring until placement. 

..... secure detention until placement.

..... The court has orally pronounced its reasons for adjudicating and committing this child. 

..... The court retains jurisdiction to accept or reject the discharge of this child from 

commitment, as provided by law. 
- 34 -

..... The child is placed on post-commitment juvenile probation for an indefinite period not to 

exceed the child’s 19th birthday or the maximum term of imprisonment an adult could 

receive for each count listed above, whichever comes first.

..... Following commitment, the child is placed on conditional release for a period not to 

exceed the child’s 21st birthday or the maximum term of imprisonment an adult could 

receive for each count listed above, whichever comes first.

..... JUVENILE PROBATION: The child is ..... placed on/continued in on..... juvenile 

probation under supervision of .....the Department of Juvenile Justice/.....(name)..... and

..... the court having withheld adjudication of delinquency, for an indefinite period not 

to exceed the child’s 19th birthday. 

..... the court having adjudicated the child delinquent, for an indefinite period not to 

exceed the child’s 19th birthday or the maximum term of imprisonment an adult 

could receive for each count listed above, except for a second degree 

misdemeanor, six months, whichever comes first.

..... as part of a sex offender treatment program, for an indefinite period not to exceed 

the child’s 21st birthday or the maximum term of imprisonment an adult could 

receive for each count listed above.

... DISMISS: The case is dismissed.

..... Disposition on each count is .....concurrent/consecutive ......

..... This case disposition is ..... concurrent with/consecutive to..... with case number ...........

GENERAL CONDITIONS OF JUVENILE PROBATION. The child shallmust abide by all of 

the following conditions: 

1. The child shallmust obey all laws.

2. The child shallmust be employed full-time or attend school with no unexcused 

absences, suspensions, or disciplinary referrals. 

3. The child shallmust not change or leave .....his/her.... residence, school, or place 

of employment without the consent of .....his/her..... parents and juvenile probation officer.

4. The child shallmust answer truthfully all questions of .....his/her..... juvenile 

probation officer and carry out all instructions of the court and juvenile probation officer. 

5. The child shallmust keep in contact with the juvenile probation officer in the 

manner prescribed by the juvenile probation officer. 

6. The child shallmust not use or possess alcoholic beverages or controlled 

substances.

SPECIAL CONDITIONS OF JUVENILE PROBATION. The child shallmust abide by all of the 

conditions marked below: 
- 35 -

..... Restitution is ordered.

..... Parent and child (s) is/are responsible,

..... Child is responsible,

..... jointly and severally with ...........

..... Amount is reservedThe court reserves jurisdiction to determine the amount of restitution 

to be paid.

..... $.......... to be paid to ..... (name) ..... Payments shall begin .....(date)..... and continue at 

the rate of $ .......... each month.

... The court retains jurisdiction under Chapter 985, Florida Statutes, to enforce its 

restitution order, regardless of the age of the child.

..... Community Service. ..... hours are to be performed by the child at the rate of ..... hours 

per month. Written proof is to be provided to the juvenile probation officer.

..... Community service for a delinquent act involving the use or possession of a firearm, 

under section 790.22, Florida Statute, or an offense during the commission of which the 

child possessed a firearm, and the child is not committed to a residential commitment 

program of the Department of Juvenile Justice. Community service shall be performed, if 

possible, in a manner involving a hospital emergency room or other medical environment 

that deals on a regular basis with trauma patients and gunshot wounds.

..... First offense, 100 hours.

..... Second or subsequent offense, 100 hours to 250 hours.

..... A letter of apology to be written by the child to .....(name)..... within ..... days. The letter 

must be a minimum of ..... words.

..... A ...... word essay to be written by the child on ..... (subject).....and provided to the 

juvenile probation officer within 30 days.

..... The child maymust have no .......... contact with victim(s), ..... (name(s)) ......

..... A ..... mental health/substance abuse .....evaluation to be completed by the child within 

..... days. The child will attend and participate in every scheduled appointment and 

successfully attend and complete any and all recommended evaluations and treatment.

..... The parent(s)..... is/are..... to complete counseling in..........

..... A curfew is set for the child atfrom .......... p.m. to .......... a.m. Sunday through Thursday 

and from .......... p.m. to .......... a.m. Friday and Saturday.

... The child’s driver’s license is ... suspended/revoked/withheld ... for ... (time period) ...

... The child is to complete a ... detention/jail/prison ... tour within .......... days.

..... The child will be subjectmust submit to random urinalysis as instructed by the 

Department of Juvenile Justice.

..... The child will bemust submit to electronically monitoreding by the Department of 

Juvenile Justice.
- 36 -

..... The child willmust successfully complete all sanctionsspecial conditions of the 

originaljuvenile probation ordered in this case on .....(date)......

..... Other: ...........

..... The child must pay court costs of $ .........., as specified below.

The child is placed on notice that the court may modify the conditions of .....his/her..... 

juvenile probation at any time and may revoke the juvenile probation if the court finds there is a 

violation of the conditions imposed.

DRIVER LICENSE

..... The child’s driver license .....is suspended/is revoked/is withheld/limitation is 

extended.....:

..... for .....(months/years)......

..... for a delinquent act involving the use or possession of a firearm, under section 

790.22, Florida Statute.

..... First offense, .....(up to one year)......

..... Second or subsequent offense, .....(up to two years)......

..... for a delinquent act under Chapter 893, Florida Statutes.

..... First offense, .....(up to six months)......

..... Second or subsequent offense, .....(up to two years)......

GUN CHARGES

... The court finds that one of the above charges involves the use or possession of a firearm 

and further ORDERS the following:

... The child’s driver’s license is ... suspended/revoked ... for ... 1/2 ... years.

... The child is to serve ... 15/21 ... days in the Juvenile Detention Center, and shall 

not receive credit for time served prior to adjudication.

SECURE DETENTION FOR FIREARM CHARGES

..... Having found the child committed a violation of section 790.22(3), Florida Statutes, 

under section 790.22(5), Florida Statutes, the child is ordered to serve:

..... for a first violation, .......... days (0 to 3), in the Juvenile Detention Center.

..... for a second violation, .......... days (0 to 15), in the Juvenile Detention Center.

..... The court finds that the delinquent act in count .......... involves the use or possession of a 

firearm other than a violation of section 790.22(3), Florida Statutes, and the child is not 

committed by this order to a residential commitment program of the Department of 

Juvenile Justice. Therefore, under section 790.22(9), Florida Statutes, the child is ordered 

to serve:
- 37 -

..... for a first violation, 15 days (minimum), in the Juvenile Detention Center, 

and receive no credit for time served prior to this order.

..... for a second or subsequent violation, 21 days (minimum), in the Juvenile 

Detention Center, and receive no credit for time served prior to this order.

..... .......... days in the Juvenile Detention Center, and receive no credit for 

time served prior to this order.

THE COURT FURTHER FINDS AND ORDERSFINES, FEES, AND COSTS:

..... The child must: 

..... pay $ .......... (no less than $50 per case when a misdemeanor offense is charged) 

or $ .......... (no less than $100 per case when a felony offense is charged), the 

costs of prosecution and investigation, notwithstanding the child’s present ability 

to pay, under sections 938.27 and 985.032, Florida Statutes.,

..... $50.00, per case (in disposition of every misdemeanor case), the costs of 

prosecution,

..... $100.00, per case (in disposition of every felony case), the costs of 

prosecution, or

..... $.......... to .....(agency)....., which, having claimed costs of prosecution or 

investigation, as provided by law, has shown to a preponderance its 

entitlement to such costs of prosecution or investigation;

..... pay $.........., the Victim’s Crimes Compensation Trust Fund fee, under section 

938.03, Florida Statutes;

..... pay $ .........., the Teen Court cost and service charge, under section 938.19, 

Florida Statutes (if authorized by county ordinance);

..... pay $ .........., the Public Defender application fee, under section 27.52, Florida 

Statutes;

..... pay $ .........., the Public Defender attorney fee, notwithstanding the child’s present 

ability to pay, the Legal Assistance Lien for payment of attorneys’ fees or costs, 

under section 938.29, Florida Statutes;,

..... $50.00, per case (in disposition of every misdemeanor case),

..... $100.00, per case (in disposition of every felony case), or

..... $.........., the court having found sufficient proof of higher fees and costs 

incurred to .....(agency).....;

..... pay $ .........., other costs, under section(s) .......... .........., Florida Statutes. 

..... The child has been adjudicated delinquent and the child is required to pay $.........., an 

Aadditional cost, under section 939.185, Florida Statutes, if authorized by county 

ordinance. 
- 38 -

..... The child has been adjudicated delinquent and assessed a fine and the child is required to 

pay $.......... to the Crime Prevention Trust Fund, under section 775.083(2), Florida 

Statutes.

..... The child has committed an enumerated crime against a minor and the child is required to 

pay $ .........., under section 938.10, Florida Statutes.

..... The child has violated chapter 794, Florida Statutes (sexual battery), or chapter 800, 

Florida Statutes, (lewd or lasciviousness; indecent exposure), and is ordered to make 

restitution to the Crimes Compensation Trust Fund under section 960.28(5), Florida 

Statutes, for the cost of the forensic physical examination.

..... The child has the inability to pay all court costs, including costs of prosecution, public 

defender application fees and costs of representation, and shall perform .......... hours of 

community service in lieu of these costs and fees.

SPECIMENS FROM THE CHILD

..... The child ... has been adjudicated delinquent/has entered a plea of no contest/has entered 

a plea of guilty ... toor nolo contendere to, or has been found by this court to have 

committed, a delinquent act which is a felony or an enumerated misdemeanor, and the 

child is required to submit specimens under section 943.325, Florida Statutes.

ORDERS TO PARENTS/GUARDIANS

..... The parent(s) ..... is/are .....

..... to complete.....counseling/parenting classes/community service/restitution.....

..... participate with the child in .....court-imposed sanction/community work project.....

..... Under section 985.039, Florida Statutes:

..... the parent/legal guardian, .....(name)....., shallmust pay to the Department of 

Juvenile Justice, 2737 Centerview Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32399-3100, $5 per day 

for each day the child is in residential commitmentplaced in secure detention or 

placed on committed status and the temporary legal custody of the child is placed 

with the department.

..... the parent/legal guardian, .....(name).....,, shallmust pay to the Department of 

Juvenile Justice, 2737 Centerview Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32399-3100, $1 per day 

for each day the child is placed into non-secure detention, on probation, or other 

supervision status with the department, or is committed to the minimum risk 

nonresidential restrictiveness level commitment, or conditional release.

..... the parent/legal guardian, .....(name)....., shallmust pay to the Department of 

Juvenile Justice, 2737 Centerview Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32399-3100, a 

REDUCED fee of $..... per day for each day the child is in the custody of or 

supervised by the department. This reduced fee is based on the court’s finding: 
- 39 -

..... that the parent/legal guardian was the victim of the delinquent act or 

violation of law for which the child is currently before the court and is 

cooperating in the investigation of the offense. 

..... of indigency or significant financial hardship. The facts supporting this 

finding are: ...........

..... The cost of care/supervision fee is WAIVED based on the court’s finding:

..... that the parent/legal guardian was the victim of the delinquent act or 

violation of law for which the child is currently before the court and is 

cooperating in the investigation of the offense. 

..... of indigency or significant financial hardship. The facts supporting this 

finding are: ...........

..... The parent/guardian, .....(name)....., ..... (address) ....., shall be liable for .......... % of the 

payment. The parent/guardian, ..... (name) ....., ..... (address) ....., shall be liable for ..........

% of the payment. 

The child is placed on notice that the court may modify the conditions of ... his/her ... 

juvenile probation at any time and may revoke the juvenile probation if there is a violation of the 

conditions imposed.

The parties are advised that an appeal is allowed within 30 days of the date of this order.

DONE AND ORDERED in ..... (city) ....., .......... County, Florida on .....(date) ....., at 

.......... a.m./p.m. 

Circuit Judge

Copies to: ..........
- 40 -

FORM 8.953. WAIVER OF RIGHTS

WAIVER OF RIGHTS

1. Right to counsel.

I have the right to have a lawyer help me at all times while I am in juvenile court. If I 

cannot afford a lawyer, the court will appoint one to help me. The person next to me is a lawyer 

who can help me.

I have talked to a lawyer about my case.

2. Entering a plea.

This means that I am not fighting the charge(s). It means that I am entering a plea of 

guilty or no contest.

By pleading guilty, I am admitting that I did the crime(s) that the state says I did.

By pleading no contest, I am entering a plea because it is in my best interest, but I am not 

admitting that I did anything wrong.

3. Nature of the charge(s) against me.

I know the crime(s) I have been charged with and what they mean.

I understand what crime(s) I am entering a plea to and which ones (if any) the state will 

dismiss.

4. Constitutional Rights 

By entering a plea, I am giving up the following constitutional rights:

(a) Presumption of innocence.

Right now I am considered innocent and the state has to prove that I am guilty or 

that I did what they say I did beyond a reasonable doubt. I do not have to prove that I am 

innocent.

(b) Right to trial.

The state would try to prove I am guilty at a trial or adjudicatory hearing. The 

state may use evidence such as witness testimony, fingerprints, videos, or photos.

(c) Right to call and cross examine witnesses.

Witness testimony would be people who have information about the crime that 

are required to come to the trial. They will swear to tell the truth and answer questions by the 
- 41 -

prosecutor and my lawyer. The state would ask the witnesses questions and my lawyer and I 

would also be able to ask the witnesses questions.

I would also have the right to call my own witnesses at trial to tell my side of the 

story and speak for me on my behalf.

(d) Right to testify on your own behalf.

I would also have the right to tell the judge my side of the story after discussion 

with my lawyer.

(e) Right to remain silent.

I do not have to tell my side of the story. I can sit with my lawyer and not say 

anything. My decision to not talk or present evidence will not affect how the judge decides 

whether I am guilty or not guilty.

5. Evidence and/or Defenses.

My lawyer has informed me of the facts that the state would have to prove before I could 

be found guilty and has discussed with me any possible defenses that could be used in my case. I 

am entering this plea because I think the state could prove I am guilty if we went to trial or 

because it is in my best interest.

6. Consequences of a Plea.

My lawyer, or the court, has informed me of the possible consequences of entering into 

this plea, including, but not limited to:

(a) loss of driver license;

(b) deportation issues;

(c) how this will affect my record and future punishment from the court, 

including possible consequences in adult court;

(d) how this affects my ability to get a job, join the military, or apply for 

college;

(e) how this will affect my ability or my parent’s or guardian’s ability to 

secure or maintain housing; and

(f) issues relating to sex offender registration and notification as well as 

Jimmy Ryce consequences.

7. Voluntary and Intelligent.
- 42 -

I am entering this plea because I want to or because I think it is in my best interest. No 

one is forcing me to enter this plea. No promises or threats have been made to get me to enter 

this plea.

I am not under the influence of alcohol, drugs, or medications at this time.

8. Appeal.

If I went to trial and the juvenile court judge decided that I was guilty, I could ask some 

other judges, called appellate judges, to look over the trial and decide if the trial was fair and if 

the decision was fair and correct.

This is called my right to appeal. However, if the judge accepts this plea, the only issues I 

will be able to appeal are those that relate to my sentence and to the judge’s authority to hear my 

case.

I am presently represented by .....(name)...... My lawyer has gone over all my rights and 

I am satisfied with the advice and help of my lawyer.

Child Attorney for child Date

(print name) (print name)
- 43 -

FORM 8.964. DEPENDENCY PETITION

PETITION FOR DEPENDENCY

COMES NOW, Petitioner, .....(name)....., by and through undersigned counsel, and 

petitions this court to adjudicate the above-named minor child(ren) to be dependent within the 

meaning and intent of chapter 39, Florida Statutes. As grounds, petitioner alleges the following:

1. This court has jurisdiction over the minor child(ren), .....(name(s))....., a 

.....(gender)..... child, whose date(s) of birth is/are .........., and who, at the time the dependency 

arose, was/were in the custody of .....(name(s))......

2. The natural mother of the minor child(ren) is .....(name)....., a resident of 

.....(state)....., whose address is ...........

3. The father of the minor child(ren), .....(name(s))..... is .....(name)....., whose 

address is ........... The father ..... is ..... is not married to the mother, and ..... is ..... is not listed 

on the child(ren)’s birth certificate(s). The mother filed a Sworn Statement About Identity or 

Location of Father with this court on .....(date)....., which named .......... as the father.

4. The UCCJEA Affidavit ..... is attached ..... was filed with the Court on 

.....(date)..... and is incorporated by reference.

5. The child(ren) is/are dependent within the meaning and intent of chapter 39, 

Florida Statutes, in that the mother/father/parents/legal custodian/caregiver(s) abused, 

abandoned, or neglected the minor child(ren) on or about .....(date)....., by: .................... and that 

these activities and environments cause the child(ren)’s physical, mental, or emotional health to 

be in danger of being significantly impaired.

OR

5. The above named child(ren) is/are presently under substantial risk or imminent 

threat of harm or abuse or neglect, within the meaning and intent of chapter 39, Florida Statutes, 

which is likely to cause the child(ren)’s physical health to be significantly impaired because 

.....................

6. The department is unable to ensure the protection of the minor child(ren) without 

judicial intervention.

7. The mother/father/parents has/have received the following services: .....................

8. A shelter hearing was held on .....(date)....., and the child(ren) was/were placed in 

the custody of .....................

9. An arraignment hearing

..... needs to be scheduled.

..... is scheduled for .....(date and time)......
- 44 -

10. A guardian ad litem

..... needs to be appointed.

..... was appointed at the shelter hearing to represent the child(ren).

11. .....(name of child(ren))..... has/have special needs as defined in Chapter 39, 

Florida Statutes. An attorney:

..... needs to be appointed.

..... has been appointed.

12. Under chapter 39, Florida Statutes, the clerk of the court is required to issue a 

summons to the following parents or custodians:

The natural mother, .....(name)....., whose address is .....................

The natural father, .....(name)....., whose address is .....................

.....(Additional fathers and their addresses)......

WHEREFORE, the petitioner asks that process may issue in due course to bring the 

above-named parties before the court to be dealt with according to the law, to adjudicate the 

named minor child(ren) named to be dependent.

....(Petitioner’s name)......

...... (Attorney’s name).....

..... (address and telephone number)

Florida Bar Number:..........

Verification

Certificate of service

NOTICE OF RIGHTS

PLEASE READ THIS PETITION BEFORE ENTERING THE COURTROOM.

YOU HAVE A RIGHT TO HAVE COUNSEL PRESENT AT THIS HEARING.

BY COPY OF THIS PETITION, THE PARENTS, CAREGIVERS, AND/OR LEGAL 

CUSTODIANS ARE NOTIFIED OF THEIR RIGHT TO HAVE LEGAL COUNSEL 

PRESENT FOR ANY PROCEEDING RESULTING FROM THIS PETITION OR TO 

REQUEST THE COURT TO HAVE COUNSEL APPOINTED, IF INDIGENT.

Further, these persons are informed of the following:
- 45 -

An arraignment is set on this matter for .....(date)....., at ..... a.m./p.m., at 

.....(location)...... The purpose of the arraignment is to advise as to the allegations contained 

in the Petition For Dependency. When your case is called, the Judge will ask you to enter a 

plea to this petition. The plea entered may be one of the following:

1. Admit: This means you admit that the petition states the truth and you do 

not want a trial.

2. Consent: This means you neither admit nor deny the petition, but do not 

want a trial.

(If you enter either of the above two pleas, the court will set a disposition date for 

the matter. At disposition, the court will decide where the child will stay and under what 

conditions).

3. Deny: This means you deny the allegations of the petition and wish the state 

to attempt to prove them at a trial.

4. Continue: This means you wish time to confer with an attorney, before 

entering a plea. If you enter this plea, the court will schedule another hearing in 

approximately 2 weeks. At that time, another arraignment hearing will be held, and you 

(or your attorney) must enter one of the above three pleas.

COMMENT: The following paragraph must be in bold, 14 pt. Times New Roman or Courier 

font.

If you are a person with a disability who needs any accommodation in order to 

participate in this proceeding, you are entitled, at no cost to you, to the provision of certain 

assistance. Please contact .....(name, address, and telephone number)..... at least 7 days 

before your scheduled court appearance, or immediately upon receiving this notification if 

the time before the scheduled appearance is less than 7 days. If you are hearing or voice 

impaired, call 711.
- 46 -

FORM 8.965. ARRAIGNMENT ORDER

ORDER ON ARRAIGNMENT AND

NOTICE OF NEXT HEARING

THIS CAUSE came to be heard on .....(date)....., under chapter 39, Florida Statutes, on 

the Petition For Dependency filed by .....(name)....., for arraignment of .....(name(s))...... The 

following persons appeared before the Court:

..... ..... (Name)....., Petitioner 

..... ..... (Name)....., Attorney for the petitioner 

..... ..... (Name)....., Attorney for the department 

..... ..... (Name)....., Department caseworker 

..... ..... (Name)....., Mother

..... ..... (Name)....., Attorney for the mother 

..... ..... (Name)....., Father of .....(child).....

..... ..... (Name)....., Attorney for father 

..... ..... (Name)....., Guardian ad litem 

..... ..... (Name)....., Attorney for guardian ad litem 

..... ..... (Name)....., Attorney/Attorneys for .....Child/Children.....

..... ..... (Name)....., Legal custodian 

..... ..... (Name)....., Attorney for legal custodian 

..... ..... (Name)....., Other ...........

The court having considered the Petition for Dependency and having heard testimony and 

argument, and having been otherwise duly advised in the premises finds:

1. This court has jurisdiction over the subject matter of this action; and

2. The mother, ...... (name).....:

..... was .....not noticed of this hearing

.....did not appear, and the court: 

..... entered a consent by default

...... did not enter a consent by default;

..... appeared with counsel..... appeared without counsel and:

..... was..... was not advised of her right to legal counsel;

 knowingly, intelligently, and voluntarily, .....waived ......did not waive her 

 right to legal counsel; and

......was ..... was not determined to qualify as indigent and..... was ..... was not 

 appointed an attorney.

..... was served with a petition for dependency, and entered a plea of: ..... Admit, ..... Deny, 

 ..... Consent, ..... No Plea, ..... Continuance 

..... The Petitioner: 
- 47 -

..... will continue a diligent search and will attempt service.

..... has conducted an adequate diligent search and is excused from further diligent search and 

 further attempts at service. 

3. The father, .....(name).....: 

..... was ..... was not noticed of this hearing;

..... did not appear, and the court: 

..... entered a consent by default 

..... did not enter a consent by default; 

..... appeared with counsel..... appeared without counsel and:

..... was..... was not advised of his right to legal counsel;

..... knowingly, intelligently, and voluntarily, .....waived ......did not waive his 

 right to legal counsel; and

......was ..... was not determined to qualify as indigent and..... was ..... was not 

 appointed an attorney...... was served with a petition for dependency, and 

entered a plea of: ..... Admit, ..... Deny, ..... Consent, ..... No Plea, ..... Continuance 

..... The Petitioner: 

..... will continue a diligent search and will attempt service. 

..... has conducted an adequate diligent search and is excused from further diligent search and 

further attempts at service. 

4. That the child(ren)’s current placement in shelter care: 

..... is no longer appropriate, and the child(ren) shall be returned to .......... 

..... is appropriate, in that the child(ren) is/are in a setting which is as family-like as possible, 

consistent with the child(ren)’s best interest and special needs; and, that returning the 

child(ren) to the home would be contrary to the best interest of the minor child(ren); and, that 

every reasonable effort has been made to eliminate the need for placement of the child(ren) in 

shelter care, but present circumstances of the child(ren) and the family are such that shelter 

care is the only way to ensure the child(ren)’s health, safety, and well-being. 

5. Additional findings: ..........

THEREFORE, based on the foregoing findings of fact, it is hereby ORDERED and 

ADJUDGED that: 

1. The minor child(ren) shall:

..... be ..... returned to ..... remain in the care and custody of .....(name)...... 
- 48 -

..... remain in the care and custody of the department in shelter care pending adjudication and 

disposition or until further order of this court. 

2. The child(ren): ..... is/are ..... is/are not adjudicated dependent at this hearing.

3. ..... Mediation ..... A case planning conference is/are ordered at this time and shall be 

conducted on .....(date)......, at .......... a.m./p.m., at .....(location)...... All parties, unless otherwise 

specified, shall attend. 

4. As to the mother, .....(name)....., the court: 

Accepts the plea of: ..... Admit, ..... Deny, ..... Consent, ..... Continuance. 

.....Appoints ..... Does not appoint an attorney. 

Sets a hearing for ..... re-arraignment ...... adjudicatory trial ..... disposition and case plan 

hearing ..... trial status on .....(date)..... at ..... a.m./p.m. 

5. As to the father, .....(name)....., the court: 

Accepts the plea of: ..... Admit, ..... Deny, ..... Consent, ..... Continuance. 

..... Appoints ..... Does not appoint an attorney. 

Sets a hearing for ..... re-arraignment ...... adjudicatory trial ..... disposition and case plan 

hearing ..... trial status on .....(date)..... at ..... a.m./p.m. 

6. All prior orders not inconsistent with the present order shall remain in full force and 

effect. 

DONE AND ORDERED on .....(date)...... 

Circuit Judge 

NOTICE OF HEARING 

The Juvenile Court hereby gives notice of hearing in the above-styled cause on 

.....(date)..... at .......... a.m./p.m., before .....(judge)....., at .....(location)..... or as soon thereafter as 

counsel can be heard. 

COMMENT: The following paragraph must be in bold, 14 pt. Times New Roman or Courier font. 

If you are a person with a disability who needs any accommodation in order to 

participate in this proceeding, you are entitled, at no cost to you, to the provision of certain 

assistance. Please contact .....(name, address, and telephone number)..... at least 7 days before 

your scheduled court appearance, or immediately upon receiving this notification if the time 

before the scheduled appearance is less than 7 days. If you are hearing or voice impaired, call 

711. 

PLEASE BE GOVERNED ACCORDINGLY. 
- 49 -

Copies furnished to: 
- 50 -

FORM 8.974. PETITION TO EXTEND OR REINSTATE COURT’S 

JURISDICTION

PETITION TO EXTEND JURISDICTION OR TO REINSTATE JURISDICTION

AND TO SCHEDULE HEARING

I, .....(name, address, and date of birth)..... request the court, under section 39.013(2), 

Florida Statutes to 

..... extend jurisdiction, or

..... reinstate jurisdiction,

and to schedule a hearing in this matter.

1. I am currently or was on my 18th birthday in the legal custody of the Department 

of Children and Family Services.

2. ..... a. I am requesting that the court review the aftercare support, Roadto-Independence scholarship, transitional support, mental health services, and/or developmental 

disability services to the extent authorized by law.

..... b. A petition for special immigrant juvenile status has been filed on 

my behalf and the application will not be granted by the time I reach 18 years of age.

WHEREFORE, I request this court extend or reinstate jurisdiction in this case and 

schedule a hearing as soon as possible.

.....(name).....

.....(address).....

.....(phone number).....
- 51 -

FORM 8.991. FINAL ORDER DISMISSING PETITION FOR JUDICIAL 

WAIVER OF PARENTAL NOTICE OF TERMINATION OF 

PREGNANCY 

IN THE CIRCUIT COURT OF THE JUDICIAL CIRCUIT,

IN AND FOR COUNTY, FLORIDA

In the interest of Case no. 

 (pseudonym or initials of minor) Division:

FINAL ORDER DISMISSING PETITION FOR 

JUDICIAL WAIVER OF PARENTAL NOTICE OF TERMINATION OF PREGNANCY

THIS CAUSE having come before the court on a petition for judicial waiver of parental notice of 

termination of pregnancy and the court being otherwise advised in the premises, finds the following: 

The minor has not proven by sufficient evidence any of the criteria that would permit a judicial waiver of 

the parental notification requirements of section 390.01114(3), Florida Statutes, for the following reasons: 

..... It was not proven by clear and convincing evidence that the minor is sufficiently mature to decide 

whether to terminate the pregnancy; specifically, the court has considered the following factors in 

reaching this decision and makes the following findings: 

The minor’s age is: .......... 

The minor’s overall intelligence indicates:

.........................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................

The minor’s emotional development and stability indicate:

.........................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................

The minor’s credibility and demeanor as a witness indicates:

.........................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................

The minor’s ability to accept responsibility is demonstrated by: 

.........................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................

The minor’s ability to assess both the immediate and long-range consequences of the minor’s 

choices is demonstrated by:

........................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................
- 52 -

The minor’s ability to understand and explain the medical risks of terminating her pregnancy and 

to apply that understanding to her decision is indicated by:

......................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................... 

The minor’s decision to have an abortion may have been made under any undue influence by 

another is indicated by:

........................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................

..... It was not proven by the preponderance of the evidence that the petitioner is the victim of child 

abuse inflicted by one or both of her parents or her guardian;

..... It was not proven by clear and convincing evidence that notification of the parent or guardian is 

not in the best interest of the petitioner;

..... Other: 

THEREFORE, it is ORDERED AND ADJUDGED that: 

1. The petition for judicial waiver of parental notice of termination of pregnancy is 

DISMISSED. 

2. The court shall provide a written transcript of all testimony and proceedings as 

provided by section 390.01114, Florida Statutes.

3. The clerk shall keep and maintain a confidential record of these proceedings as 

provided by sections 390.01114 and 390.01116, Florida Statutes, and shall seal the record. 

4. The clerk shall immediately provide Form 9.900(f) Notice of Appeal of an Order 

Dismissing a Petition for Judicial Waiver of Parental Notice of Termination of Pregnancy and 

Advisory Notice to Minor to the minor or petitioner if other than the minor. 

DONE AND ORDERED in the ........ court in and for ............ County, Florida, on .....(date)...... 

______________________________

Judge