OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY QENERAL OF TEXAS AUSTIN

HonorablrXilllar S. Lmron Ssor8tary of %sta **Austin,** Taxar

v your req et ror rror tha prrtlnant

Pranohim T Taxer, arising here. priority ntedatar the

whether **or** not ohiar Tax lion 

### l

&riaat obtsinadby toreoloim, and possibly in tanolng.tha drranrr of

, or Parnon’a Civil VT11 0r ROurr Bill n, that l

aoh and ohartsred or autheat4In *Texas,

shell, on or berorr ‘!ay 1 or each year, pay in advanoo tc tha Saorataryof State a franchise tax for the year ~01loriag3t the rata and a(1oaloulatrd in thr xanner providrd in raid **rtatutr.**

Thr tax lmpoaadupon oorporetionr,by thr statute rarerrodto above, is a tax upon thl corporation for theHonorablr rrilllaa J. kwron - page 2

prlrllrgror oarrylng on burlnraa In T81ar. Ford 'dotor Companyv. Baauoh8mp, 60 3. C. C. 273, 308 U. 3. 331, 84 Law Xd. 304; 

### Oa8r, Soott & Company T. Shannon, 115 s. W. 361; Ualtrd North rnd South D8rrlopnuntCompanyv. bath, 78 South R’artrrn (2d) 650.

Artlolr W&3, of 98rnon*a Civil Statutes or Taxaa, prorld88that 811 oorporatlonaraqulrad to pay an annual rranohl88 tax rhall brtweonJ8nuarY 1 and X8roh 15 orl aoh par **maka**a rrport **to** tha Saoratary ot Stata, on blrnkr furnlahadby that orrloar, rhowlng tha oondltlonor 

### auoh oorporatlonon tha 188t dar ot It8 praordlng tiaoalyear. That atatutarurth8rprorldraior thr ganaral lnroraatlon thst mud br shown on arid framhiaa tax report. Tbr l t8tutr oonolud8awith tlu rouowingr “Thr Stat@ 8hall hat8 a prior li8n on 811 oor oratr prop8rty for all tranohlrr taxaa, pon8ltl88and % tor88t.”

The tar la to b8 ooeputrd from the rrporta rrqulrad by Artlolrr 7087 and 7069, a8 earndad, of Yarnon* Civil Statutra ai Taaar and thr corporation, In taot, usually rix48 It4 own 

## t8x. SouthernRealty Company 1. 'JoCallup,

65 hdaral (2d) 939, Cortlorrrl danlrd, 4 S. Ct. 127, 290 u. s. 692, 76 &W xd. 596.

Artlola 7095, 0r Yarnon ’ Clrl~ Statutaa 0r

, Toaaa, protld8a rot thr AttornayCsnaral to bring rult agalnat any oorporrtlonto raoofar rranohlaa taaar,ponaltloa and intrnst and to iorfrlt it4 ohartar in tha aannar tharalnprorldad.

The nature and axtrnt of tha tr4ohlar tax llw prorlalonin Art1010 ?089, aupra,doaa not apprar to hara bran bafora thr Taraa oourtr. Howav8r, tha Fifth Ciroult Court or Appeals In tka 0888 of Southarn iiaalty Companyv. 'oCaIlm, l

upra, In paaalngupon an allagadw8nt of equal protaotlon In tha rr~nohlaatax law8 of Taxaa baoauaa a foraign corporation,ooalng Into T8xaa tc do bualnraq,,doaa not hsra to %akr a raport or pay thr tax until thr and of tha tlrrt Jaar, raid: "Tha auggr-tlonthat tha toralgncm,EIonorabla Wlllaa J. Lawson - pagr 3

oorpOr8tionmig..ht

withdraw fr0.a

Terse durlnf!

the firat ---- yaor and **STBdS** the taxa8 18 without mrit. :&St 1:

payers 01 Suoh la not tha usual rasultnhan oodla taxpayar~8raUa8 hla tax.*
The Oaee oi illaaion Xndap8ndantSoho Digtriot T. irm@trOnfi, (TSX. timpI. AC&) 222 2. ;;r

201, althouh not Involvingthe tranohlsatax laws 0r this stats, lo portinrntto a oonsidaratlonOi your question. In that case t&a facto ahowd that an independent8OhOol di8trfot asseasada school tex upon th **property** oi an 011 coolpany ror tha yaara 1912, 1913, and 1914. Cn January 6, 1914, the **first** Hatlonal !Amk ot Brownarlllacold the proparty at a truata.;*n

salo under the provlalonsof a dead or trustwhlot the co3psnrhad aracutacand dalivsrad tr; it; and Anuatro~, a otockholdar in the ooayny, bocamr the purohaarr. Eubaa~uant to thr purchase, ani! art8r the tare4 ror 1912 and 1913 h80axadSllnqUent,and aitar dr- ;aend ror payzirnt,

tta tax coll8otorlarlodupon the propart~ and 8dTSrtiSBd it to b8 **sold** ror **the** delinquenttaxes. &matrong, who uas at that tim snge@dd it dismntling tha proparty, ?aid t&r amount, undar protest, in order that ha alCht not be lnoontanlanoadIn fha work and In order that ha ctiuld

rezota it rrol the county. i%o property consistedof bulldingsl racted upon a railway rl&ht of vay wltfi

an agrwment t&at It oculd bs removed. i.rrstrOng sued to reoover and tta aohool dlatrlctriled an ansk.ar thsralnend a oroes-motionto recover tte taxes. i'ha Comlsslon of ~~r?~~ala said: “(1) ‘The

a la cjusstion

p3auntud for cLr dutarninntlo~r

la: Did the :issiGn indaF~@ndsot ?ohooldlstriot by G-18 lary of a t.:x

by tb oollootorhave A lien upon the r.armnaiijroperty **vAt!iin** the district:
"

. i’ha

artlclaa pcrrtlnenr to ba oonsidarsd hiri am 957,958, and 961. 'I'ha latter part or article 958 reads:
“‘The aosesaor and oollaotorsimll hare fUii FOwer t 18vy UpOn any ;@rsonal **rroparty**Iionorablr .lIlllaa

J. Lmwaoa - pagr L
a-.

**to** aatiaiyany tax iilpoard by thin title;all taxaa ahall be a llaa upon tha prowrty upon rhloh thry lra aaaoaaa4, and, in oaar any prop**arty** larlrd**upon** la **about to**  ba **rrmoted** out oi ttm olty, ,thaaaaaaaor or ooll.rotor ahall proorrd to take into hi8 poaaaaalon80 moh thrraoi aa will pay the tax88 rsaraard and ooata or oollrotlon.

’
‘Artlolr957 prorldra, In 

### l ubatama, th.t.t thr aas4saorhsa thr power tc lary upon 80 .-oh propertyliable **to** taxatloa 88 nay br aurflolaat to pay thr tam8 due STOP the parson owls tha tax, aad to **adrrrtlaa** and 8611 tha aama tc aatlary the tama, ooat, and frra. Tha only quaatloaor aifri0uitt pr8arntrdla, ‘:han do08 the lien gltaa **by** artlolr 958 attaoh? ” ‘i’hr prorialona oi thrsrartiolra 40 **aot*d;ai** with the oluatlon Of Mana, but wara 8aaotrd **r0r** tha guldanoa cr tb oollaotor la thr 41aohargaoi hla duty; to the and that thr powar lrrying tha tnx sap aot ruxar tha 1088 or the aaaasament. .etlclr 958 oovama In ao rar as the oraatlon or ths llrn Id ooncarmE, whlla artlola 957 prorldrs the naaaar or the l

arorcamant

l;r tha lion thus orratrd. Crarrordv. Yooh,-169“Jioh:372, I35 Hi 7. 339; ‘(2) 4s artiole 95g doaa not fix-aapseIflc datewhen thr lien &Iran t.hereIn shall attach;snd in rho abarnoe or a speolflodata, the 1Ien thus oraatrd attaohrd and baoamoan Inounbranoa

upon the proprrty as soona8 ths assosassat

ww ;aedo. .:arawell 4c **CO.** V. Habbarsettle,39 Tex. CIT. App. 494, 87 S. Vi. 911; Crugorv. Clnnuth, 3 ..lllaon, Clr. Caa. **Ct.** itpr. I 2L; 37 Cya. 1142 (0). “(3) Tha agrard l tatrment of raots shows that tha tsxes had baa.1 1wIad a~assaasrdUoaorabls ~llllaaJ. Lswwn - paga 5

s= ,

“(41 that haa bean said wlth rsfsrsncs to the lien ror taxsa rm 1912 and 1913 also applisa In so far as ths tam8 for 1914 ars conosmsd. * (Undsrsoorlnq oura1.
33 Surre 33 Court 0r Tszaa in Statsv, :;ynns, 134 1’axss 455, 133 :;.:i.(2d) 951, appaal dlaalsasd310 Ii

. ‘a. 610, 81 ian 154.

1388, ha14 thet In a TSOSiVSrShip nrocsscllnu

ths ?otor fuel tax llsn or the Gtsts, rlxsd by irtlcls7065-a of Vsrnon’a Civil Statutes,waa Ilrst and prior t:. ths olalm or the Units4 Statsa,under ths ?rlorIty statcts (31U. !;. C. A. Ssctlm 191) and friar tn +,:le lien chin Of ona,

holdinga dssd f>f trust securing rlrst nort;:lga

bonds. A ooscanionoas~, with very alatlsr ra0tS, in ths Stats courtswas .Xets f. Six, 134 Taxas, 476, 133 2. :;.(24) 953, which oass waa rsrsrssd by ths Units4 Statss &~uprsa~ Court,undar the style Of 1nitsa Statsav. ‘i’exas, 62 ;i, Ct. 350; 314 C. 5; 350; 86 -' LSW .:a. which lattsr court held that the claims sr ths I;w&tss O&M first ahsad of the 01sIm ot 2~3s **ror** +notor

fuel taxes under t::s said Fsdsralpri0rIty statuts. The hcldsr i’;f a rsflulsr

rOrt,:a;s

and a chattsl 3ortFar.s

nho was **a** perty tc the suit in t;lr Stnte **courts,** did not sppisal from ths Jud&mnt of the ..upreaa Court cf :sxaswhich held that his olalms wers sscond **to** the notor fusl lien of the **,t3tS** and ahead of t&d Chin rf tte ?eCsrc;l ,qvsrment, and the :.upra.:c court ?f t&s LnItsd Ltates expressly said thet It was not peasIr.,- upon the rIghta of tt?e

holder of said oontrsotualllans. ;‘haHonorablr :llliaaf. Lawaon - page 6

F-.

United Ststsa S~prsms Court In Ualtsd Stats8 ?. Taxer, l up ra, l saaad to raly haarlly up n the oaae of New York
v. Vsolay, 2gg U. s. 290, 77 L. 34. 754, In its opinion, The Malay oaas, aupm, oonosrns4whothsr or not tha Stata of NewTork waa mtitlod t: hare It8 franohlar taxer dsolarsdprior tc and rhea4 of the olala oi the Federal Govsrnmnt, in 

### a rroairsrahlp**proossdlng,** under the Fsdera1 priority atstuta. The United Stat88 Suprrms Court points4 out rsry olssrly that the iranohlastax lien waa nothing oars than “a oarsat of a more psrirotlien to ooms” and, thsrsrors, aOt l ntibl@d to prlOrltyaunder ths Federal prlorltg statute,to the olaimaor th United Statsa. Nzvsrthslssa,the oourt **aada** it olsar that the lien uaa aurrialsnt**ror** otherpurpose8whan It said:

*ET the atatutsa oi New York, ‘avarysuch tax or ire (1nOludlngthe annual tranchiao tax to be raid b*-

corporationa)shallba a lien and bindIM ucoa the real and person61props’rty or the corporation.

. . lleblr to pay the aaas until tha aams ia pald In full.* tie Y. Tax Law, Conrol.Laua, o&p. 60, 8 197. The llaa thua.crsstedla stisotlrs ior many p;;pya though Ita mount IS uadete~In44. notlos tc lortp.agsss or purchassm, vho 3rs held tc lo-n or purchnss at their own rlak if they tsks their ~ortgsqes cr 5asds before the tax ha6 bean .aasssss4 or,,pald. Cars~v. Keith, 250 S. Y. 216, 164 N. E. 912; Wgslhardt v. ilvino iiaalty

Co. 248 N. Y. 374, 162 N. 3. 287. In th>t raqsct it Is almllar t ths lien oi a tramtar tax **cr** duty upon the satats of 6 dsosasnt. ;?‘Idurban Realty Corp v. **F.** ljss k I.. Realty Corp. 247 N. I. 307, 160 ii. X. 380; Stook v. ‘hnn, 255 **ta. y.**  **co, 104.**  It will even be au~srIor,at all svsnts after a65888- msnt (New York Tsrinal Co. v. Gaus, 204 R. Y. 512, 514, 98 Ir’.

3. 11) to mortgage6alrrsay mads, and ~111 thus prevail against 6 purchassr who buys at a fOr@Olo6ur@aals. New York Teralnal Co. v. Gau6, supr-3. Cf. Z6rsh611v. 

## NawKoaorablrXlliam J. Lawson - pag8 7

F I
York, 254 il.S. 380, 384, 65 L. ad. 315, 318, 41 s. ct. l&3. 

### A11 

### thlr ir aottlrd In :iaw **York** by rrltrratrd**juagmnrats.**
“Tha problanham Is dlfirrant. To hold that a lfrn bar FrOgr@nCadtc ruoh a point ar to be a *amIng **to** aortgaga48 sad purohaaars of a ooatlngrnt

### llablllty, llko II notlor&r lia andens, 18 fsr Sro% holdim 

### thatwhile thr hsbilftp lo uallpuldatrdsnd ummown the lien thus orrotcd Is **purfabt** and s~~oiflo. By tha tdrnsoi **tha** kypothrsla It ia nuthfw of tho kind. 

## Ir th6 rtatr Y.ar tc sta:ld upon the warning and omit tr ascartclln tko cabt, It r::uld

nsvor be able tc sell anytthg, for It wuld not kaowhow muohto sell. :~alast %ortgagsar and puroharrrsa llan perfootsd aftamxrda .3ap

take effeat **by** relationas zf the data ciftkninahorlta llan throu::h

wbtob acrt.xagsrs and ,?urcbssrsbeoaaa chrtrzesblr with nctlae. I’ha dootrlw 9.f

ralatlsnwill not divest the FnitoC Statar

## or tho 

## prer0rrt0r that acarurc! rhan racrlvarsware 3ryolntaC.< fir 03se :t Csroy v. Vlnor C. 8%aitb, XIX., supr8, involvedtha franohisstrrx law8 of ?Iem

YorL, the provlrlon cra?tlnE.

the lion bala:;

v0r.v elallarto t&et pirrt of Article 7L...*, *;c juots3 sbovr

. ?accauss oi the pertinenoa of the languagr in 38 oaaa and the slallarity .?f the Em York statute@ to our l’exas

statutes,we quotr at length from the oasa, as 

### ai10x-a:
*The nl3tntiff sues tn recover ha pmohssr ?riC-3 ( tO9clthJi wlt3 c.:at oi titis sJazchr Tha oontract of rml sstatopurchas,sd yraa ersouted Daoor- >er 11, 1925, tltlo tc br oloaad on Juna lC, 1926. .lftar fire ed ournasots olosl~ H&B Slxsd far hlguat 3, i

192

. CIIthat dstr tltla was rrjfctod
ror oarloua re.ason8, arrow tltes

bsla;: the lien cf th:s

unpaid franahlaatax for 1925. ‘PhoZonorabla ‘AllIar J. 

### Laweon - paga 6

I

. darandant,aallrr, 18 a foralgn (Dalawara) Corporation. rurrusnt to artlola 9-A 

### cr tha Tax Law (Cona.Laws, o. 601, lrrry rorrlga oorporationdolhg burlnaso In this stat8 ‘ohs11annually pay In advaaoa for tha yaar baginningNctarllbrr first s * * an annual franohlao tax, to ba ca?).utad by the tar oomlfs:itn upon tha bsnla cf Its antlra nat lnooaa, Sor Its rim31 or tto calendaryoar next prroadlw..

’ ;e0t1ca 2C9.

‘V.VOTY corpomtion ahall annusllyon or bofcre July first traomit to tLe tax ooatnisrlon a repcrt in the form aad .mnnrr speoifiad ift 133Oticj11Ail of tha 0rtiOit. A~.~ **tiria** 214 etutashow tha to:. shall ba cwr.~.utad. Tto tar fired and Irpcsad shell be .?aid tc ttr stitr tax coamIssIon on or before the 1st day of January of l aoh yrar. ‘.;ech

euoh tar I + 1 ahall ba a 1Ian and bindingupon tha real and parscnal property of the oorporatioa lldbla to psy tha saaa until the sa?m Is paid Ia ruiL* Zactlcn 219-c.
*Thisvendor oorporatlonsada a raturn or reportpureuqnt to esctlon 211 0;1 or baforr * July 1, 1925. ;iotax Lad barn fixsd or cow puted on tka rocort, but navarbbalasaa tax was due rcr tt..a

yaar baglnulngAmesbar 1, 1925, an3 ~13spaysblr on or baroro Jaauaiy i, ls26. Zt was to be paid *In UOYmos for th yaar bo.-Irking i:ora nbar first, 1925,’ and was .mda a lien until ;aId. Vt.j t;x beeme FJlhn, th8r6fL~re, :iOVCk her 1, 1425, although tha awuat w;33eubjaot ti, futurs coqwtat1r.n. ThIe sethod vf oollaoting a tuz dua 

## tha rtata ir not Unlike thit provldad for oollaotine. tha tar on traaafJraHonorable 

### KllllOmJ. l.arroo - w&a 9

*.

.

under artlola 10 of tba Ter Law. 53ction 222

prodha that lllh8# Othl%im providrdsuch trxrr rho11 br aur and parable at the tkim of 

### the tmne~, ana l



### aotlm 224 3akr8 them a lien r;pon

the yro?rrty transirrradu.?tll paid, Ths Urn attaobasat thr tima of transfer, nhioh, ir by will or iatartatr lgm, is the aate of the death cr the parson 

### srizraof ~OSM8d of the property. ?ldurban !mlty Oorpomtlon v. ?. he !c L. Realty Cor9oration, 247 ‘!. 

### Y. 307, 160N. 8. 3eO. ?he raount cf ruol( l ~tax, however, oannot be asoertainra until>hr satat is spprsload lrnd tha rata and the amount dctsmiAad as speoiflarl la thr act.

“‘:.‘aheld in Rngalhardt T. .Ilvino healtg co. Inc., 248 :I.

Y. 

### 374, 162 I.. !. 2C7, decided aftar the trlcl of thin oaae, c,Lr,t s:.oh texos rare 

### a Urn upon the oorporate **:ropwty** .llthou(lh no reports had bean aade and no tax computed. The tcx by lam xaa to be paid as Dt' a csrtaln titlte, an3 **tix pioprrty**  **of** the corporation tiea burdaned**with** thic chirce, tha rract **mount** or bhich ii&&t be suber~uantly :iaedby the tax oominisslcT~.

It ras the dutt of the corporation to 

### nnta it timid ana to make 

### tha paynrnt. :.m said that thr tn booacw a -1lsn -uconthe real

_ lstnta t,fths OOrpOrntiOAupon ths 15th day Of Januqrp in aaah year. 'Ihe st:ituto e?plicobls in that oaee mad romrhat diftarrntlyfrom the present section. Tha tsx MS t:. br a llan lfro.n the ti-w when It is 9ayabla, * and it was payableon or befor January 15th. he quotedwords h+va barn omitted fron thr present Tzx iat, ttc vmrdlng bdlni:: 'iachnuct tsr 4 4. &all be a 11~ snd blndinp. upon the reel and prsonal property of tha corjorationEonoroblr ;rllllam **J.** Lauron **-** peg4 10

llablr tp vay the name untll thr aam la 

### pala In full:’ This oonfonna the languageof eeotlon 219-0 applloablrto oorporatiooeto tha *ordIng of motion 224 oorrrln& the llen 

### or transfer taxrr. Both yrorisionsshculd, In oonoeqwnoe, hare rlmllar ooaatructlo~. The errllaatdata Is choarn ror tha attsohdent Of tha lien, the date or ddnth or tranafar in the OAO ceae, aad tne firat of :iormbdr IA t&s other.
“ii hen) therefore,on tile 3d zr **.%u&ust,** 1926, th6 **CiartIAaantS** ettaznptad to closa title the property

### was Inaumbsredby the frnnohiae tax lien fm the par 1925 wbIc)l they Lad not paid. Tha amount 00uia l arlly L.:va

been aaosrtslnrafroa the oorporation’eJl;ly report and the tea .ooarotcd paid.” 

### IA 3s **t6 v.**  t’ynns, suprci, **hi3 .?:jA.id**  **.hpra.7d6 Court,**  **at :rra**  956, asid: “Re. rule i3 ,panor:rlly ooosptrd In thin ;totathat (111 waysrty rlgkts uog~irsdund l&old, and all xcntraate aadr, are rubjeot to the suthcrltyuf tke Statu tc l:vy Its teke3 .end collect It.3

Ttv9z.uzi far th6 support tf t:d ,~oternimt.”

:hr **qU6st:On** of whether or r.ot 3 statutory lion IF t:? h:v6 priorityover cth:r 1Irr.s Is cm or lr+3latlra Intent tic

be drrlred fr0-I

th? langca,*e

of tti rtKAtutea.

‘tcta T. .:ynca, eupr&; 61 C. Ji’ pa:72 326, hotion 1178.

It rlll be noted thst tts **ls&slattire .A**  **this.** .:tste has geld, in .‘rtiole 726;, su:r2, tthrst “the Ltrt:, shy;1 heve O,

plor llsn on all corporatorroperty fur all fr~nohise taxes, yrmltles, md IntsreSt.’ The vrord“Prior” Le b66d aa an sdJeotIre in the statute. ..abatar’s i.ew iAtarAOtiOAO1 Xctlonary, SrCOAa Sdltion, (Tires tha edJeotIre “prior” the f0110~1~ definItIon: *;rroadln~ In the crdar cf tina; earlier and thorsroretak5.q rrecadocce; Fretlouo;

. . . anterior;

. . .” 1n ;~crds art? i hmcas,xononbla ullllaa J. Lmvron - page 11

Farwmant Bdition, Volura 3). pa&. 647 it h aaid: “A8 batwarn two 11858, or 15 a 01888 Of lirnr, th8 on* suparior to the othara vary properly can ba said to br lprlor.'w (Fldallty Inr. Trurt and Sair Dapcait Cmpany v, **boanokr Iron**  **coapany, fn**  **F8d.** 439, 447). 5.athink tha **10&81a tur8**  **in usinp,**  the 

### uord apriOra in **8aid** Artiolr **7089, rupra,**  **intand86** til-t **tha Stats** **’ 8**  lion **to 8aOUra**  **tile** payorot of trSnOhi86 **tiXS8, p85Slti88,**  and Intrreat l hould **be** praordent in **ardor of**  **timr,** 

### l **8?118r,** end **tira?SfO~** toking pr80- rdrno8, suprrlotit~, and priority over any oontraotual lIan8, on any property ornrd by thr corporation.

I,a think tha tranohlsr tex brooms a llm aa or :.feJep 1 of tbr yrar In whloh the tex **b8oOms** dur ee protidrd **in raid**  **ArtiCl8 7084,**  **8Upra,** and th%t It raoaIn8 a 1Irn againrt 811 of tha property owned bp the ag%'poretIo5 untI1 tha tax, including psnaltiao and lnteraet, is finally paid. of oouraa, the lien will iollon the proprrty of tha oorpor*t105 sad 8 mrohasrr 0r the 8ei38 would aoauIrr It with noticr of. rranohlsaand **8.6bjaot** to th6 Stata **‘ 8**  **1105** for-thr unpaid

taxen, prneltlae, and Intorent.

qua8tiO58You am, thrrrfora) advised that l aoh of thr rablfttrd El fou are anmarrd I5 tba 8fiirmetila.
'Iya do not Iatarprrt your inquiry to oall for
a dotsrmination or the **qu88tion** 

## 0r thr priority 0r tha Stata tranChi88tax lima over other **tax** Urns of tb8 rar**iOU8 taXiIIg**  **Unit8 Of**  **th st8t8**  **Or T8188**  **nor Of**  tha **11058** of the Podrral gotrmmant. H8ithar do uo oonridrr th8 8OOp8 or Jour Inquiry to oall ror 8 drtrrkulnationof the qu88tIon of th priorityof 8aid ira5Ohi88-tSX**lie5 OV.1**  **OthS?** 8tStutory liens. ‘8 do aot, thoraforr, pee8 up05 thrao mttOr8 in thi8 opinion.

?:atrti8tthat nr harr fully answarrd your Inquiry.

**Your8** rrry truly

ATTWNZY Cii:M?XLGF TKi.1.9

Earold ?doCr8ckrn

A88i8tS5t -.

I_,

,,~ I C'; 3c%::.,:i'i '?&&s ;r.:iti