[DO NOT PUBLISH]

IN THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE ELEVENTH CIRCUIT

________________________ No. 16

- 11066 Non

- Argument Calendar

________________________ D.C. Docket No. 1:15

- cr - 20679

- KMW

- 1

UNI TED STATES OF AMERICA, Plaintiff

- Appellee,

versus FRANCISCO TORRES, Defendant

- Appellant.

________________________ Appeal from the United States District Court for the Southern District of Florida

________________________ ( February 3, 2017 ) Before MARTIN , ROSENBAUM, and ANDERSON , Circuit Judges. PER CURIAM:

Case: 16-11066 Date Filed: 02/03/2017 Page: 1 of 72 Francisco Torres appeals his 214

- month sentence of imprisonment after pleading guilty to carrying a firearm in relation to a drug

- trafficking crime , in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 924(c)(1)(A)(i). Torres argues that his sentence is both procedurally and substantively unreasonable. In particular, Torres contends that the 214

- month sentence is beyond what was necessary to ad equately deter criminal conduct and that a substantially shorter sentence was warranted in light of his history and characteristics, including his rough upbringing, longstanding problems with d rug and alcohol addiction, and acceptance of responsibility. After careful review, w e affirm. We review the reasonableness of a sentence under a deferential abuse

- of

discretion standard. United States v. Brown , 772 F.3d 1262, 1266 (11th Cir. 2014). Th e district court must impose a procedurally and substantively reasonable

sen tence
. United States v. Gonzalez , 550 F.3d 1319, 132 3 (11th Cir. 2008). In reviewing for procedural reasonableness, we make sure that the court properly calculated the guideline range, treated the guidelines as advisory and not mandatory, considered the 18 U.S.C. § 3553(a) sentencing factors, did not rely on clearly erroneous facts, and adequately explained the chosen sentence. Gall v. United States , 552 U.S. 38, 51 (2007). Our review for substantive reasonableness “involves examining the totality of the circumstances, including an inquiry into

Case: 16-11066 Date Filed: 02/03/2017 Page: 2 of 73 whether the statutory factors in § 3553(a) support the sentence in question.” Gonzalez , 550 F.3d at 1324. The district court is charged with selecting a sentence that is “sufficient, but not greater than necessary, to comply with the purposes” of sentencing listed in § 3553(a)(2) . 18 U.S.C. § 3553(a). These purposes are retribution (“ to reflect the seriousness of the offense, to promote respect for the law, and to provide just punishment for the offens e”), deterrence (“ to afford adequate deterrence to criminal conduct ”), incapacitation (“ to protect the public from further crimes of the defendant ”) , and rehabilitation (“ to provide the defendant with needed educational or vocational training, medical care, or other correctional treatment in the most effective manne r”)

. See id. § 3553(a)(2) (A)

– (D )

. The court must also consider, among other factors, the nature and circumstances of th e offense , the history and

c haracteristics of the defendant, the applicable guideline range, any relevant policy statements from the Sentencing Commission, and the need to avoid unwarranted sentencing disparities. See id. § 3553(a)(1)

– (7). To arrive at an appropriate sentence, the district court must correctly calculate the guideline range, consider the § 3553 factors , and “make an individualized assessment based on the facts presented.” Brown , 772 F.3d at 1266 (internal quotation marks omitted). The cou rt may , in its discretion, give greater

Case: 16-11066 Date Filed: 02/03/2017 Page: 3 of 74 weight to some factors over others

. United States v. Rosales

- Bruno , 789 F.3d 1249, 1254 (11th Cir. 2015). After deciding on an appropriate sentence, the district court must “state in open court the reasons for it s imposition of the particular sentence.” 18 U.S.C. § 3553(c). In doing so, the court “should set forth enough to satisfy the appellate court that [it] has considered the parties’ arguments and has a reasoned basis for exercising [its] own legal decision making authority.” Rita v. United States , 551 U.S. 338, 357 (2007). We do not require a sentencing court to explicitly discuss each § 3553(a) factor, and it is generally sufficient for the court to explicitly acknowledge that is has considered both the p arties’ arguments and the § 3553(a) factors. United States v. Scott , 426 F.3d 1324, 1330 (11th Cir. 2005). In a conceptually simple case w here “the record makes clear that the sentencing judge considered the evidence and arguments,” even a very brief statement of reasons is legally sufficient. Rita , 551 U.S. at 358

– 59. The deference we accord to the district courts ’ sentencing decisions is “substantial,” but not unlimited. See Rosales

- Bru no , 789 F.3d at 1254

– 5 6

. A court may abu se its considerable discretion by failing to afford consideration to relevant factors that were due significant weight, giving significant weight to improper or irrelevant factors, or committing a clear error of judgment in weighing the proper factors

. Un ited States v. Irey , 612 F.3d 1160, 1189 (11th Cir. 2010) ( en

Case: 16-11066 Date Filed: 02/03/2017 Page: 4 of 75 banc ) ; see also United States v. Crisp , 454 F.3d 1285, 1292 (11th Cir. 2006) (stating that a district court’s unjustified reliance upon any one factor to the exclusion of other factors indicates an unreasonable sentence )

. In general, we will vacate a sentence only if we are left with a definite and firm conviction that the court chose “a sentence that lies outside the range of reasonable sentences dictated by the facts of the case .” Irey , 612 F.3d at 1190 (quotation marks omitted). Here, Torres’s sentence was both procedurally and substantively reasonable. Torres argues that the district court failed to give an adequate reason that could justify the 214

- month sentence imposed, but the recor d shows otherwise. Torres premises his argument on his belief that the guideline range of 262 to 327 months of imprisonment , though correctly calculated, w a s unreasonable as applied to him. He asserts that the range overstates the seriousness of his crim inal history because he “barely qualified for the career offender enhancement,” which was based on two convictions for controlled

- substance offenses, and that his guideline range would have been 60 months without the enhancement. 1 The district court, ho wever, considered Torres’s arguments on this point and simply disagreed, providing a reasonable explanation for why it found the career

-

1 The Probation Office issued a draft presentence investigation report recommending a range at the statutory minimum of 60 months of imprisonment. Soon after, the government notified Probation of a prior conviction whic h had been omitted from the draft report and which qualified Torres for the career

- offender enhancement, as his counsel conceded at sentencing. The final presentence investigation report reflects the career

- offender range above, which was derived from U .S .S.G. § 4B1.1(c)(1) and (3)

.

Case: 16-11066 Date Filed: 02/03/2017 Page: 5 of 76 offender

- enhanced range appropriate in this case. The court appears to have agreed with Torres on the general proposition that the enhanced range w as excessive for someone with a history of only drug crimes or non

- violent conduct. But the court reasonably concluded that Torres’s case was distinguishable in light of his history of gun possession and violent conduc t
. Citing undisputed statements in the presentence investigation report (“PSR” ), the court noted that Torres had two prior convictions for unlawful firearms possession as well as a number of arrests for violent conduct, including striking a victim with a hammer, threatening to kill his mother, and grabbing his girl friend by the throat and punching her

. Al though these violent incidents did not lead to convictions, the court was permitted to rely on these undisputed facts at sentencing. See United States v. Lopez

- Garcia , 565 F.3d 1306, 1323 (11th Cir. 2009) (stating that the failure to object to allegations of fact in the PSR admits those facts for sentencing purposes). In light of these specific facts, the district court reasonably conc luded that the career

- offender range was appropriate in this case. At the same time, the district court was not unsympathetic to Torres’s arguments in mitigation. Indeed, after hearing Torres’s arguments at sentencing, the court granted a “modest” down ward variance from the guideline range based on Torres’s long history with drugs and what the court described as de minimis drug offenses in his criminal history. Thus, the record shows that the court

Case: 16-11066 Date Filed: 02/03/2017 Page: 6 of 77 considered these mitigating factors, in addition to th e aggravating factors discussed above. T he weight to be given the § 3553(a) factors, whether great or slight, was a matter for the district court, and Torres has not shown that the court imposed a sentence outside the range of reasonable sentences based o n the facts of this case. See Irey , 612 F.3d at 1190 ; Rosales

- Bruno , 789 F.3d at 1254. Finally, we note that the 214

- month sentence fell below the guideline range and well below the statutory maximum of life imprisonment. These facts also indicate that the sentence imposed was not un reasonable. See Gonzalez , 550 F.3d at 1324 (stating that we usually expect sentences within the guideline range to be reasonable, and relying on the fact that the defendant’s sentence was “well below” the statutory maxi mum in concluding that the sentence was reasonable). For these reasons, we affirm the sentence as both procedurally and substantively reasonable. AFFIRMED. Case: 16-11066 Date Filed: 02/03/2017 Page: 7 of 7