EXHIBIT A

Case 2:23-cv-00409-JRG-RSP Document 23-1 Filed 03/04/24 Page 1 of 17 PageID #: 154 Case 2:23-cv-00409-JRG-RSP Document 38-1 Filed 03/25/24 Page 1 of 17 PageID #: 604
THAI NAMA NA US009913313B2 UTUMUTURI UN MINI 

( 12 ) United States Patent 

Jung et al . ( 10 ) Patent No . : 

( 45 ) Date of Patent : 

US 9 , 913 , 313 B2 

* Mar . 6 , 2018 

( 54 ) METHOD FOR USING LEGACY WI - FI AND 

WI - FI P2P SIMULTANEOUSLY 

( 71 ) Applicant : Samsung Electronics Co . , Ltd . , Suwon - si , Gyeonggi - do ( KR ) 

( 72 ) Inventors : Bu - Seop Jung , Suwon - si ( KR ) ; 

Jung - Hun Lee , Suwon - si ( KR ) 

H04W 16 / 20 ( 2009 . 01 ) 

H04W 16 / 22 ( 2009 . 01 ) 

( Continued ) ( 52 ) U . S . CI . CPC . . . . . . . . . H04W 76 / 025 ( 2013 . 01 ) ; H04L 67 / 104 

( 2013 . 01 ) ; H04W 4 / 008 ( 2013 . 01 ) ; H04W 

48 / 16 ( 2013 . 01 ) ; H04W 52 / 0241 ( 2013 . 01 ) ; 

H04W 52 / 0261 ( 2013 . 01 ) ; H04W 76 / 023 

( 2013 . 01 ) ; H04W 8 / 005 ( 2013 . 01 ) ; H04W 

16 / 20 ( 2013 . 01 ) ; H04W 16 / 225 ( 2013 . 01 ) ; 

H04W 28 / 021 ( 2013 . 01 ) ; H04W 84 / 12 

( 2013 . 01 ) ; H04W 84 / 18 ( 2013 . 01 ) ; H04W 

88 / 06 ( 2013 . 01 ) ; YO2B 60 / 50 ( 2013 . 01 ) 

( 58 ) Field of Classification Search 

None 

See application file for complete search history . 

( 73 ) Assignee : Samsung Electronics Co . , Ltd . , Suwon - si ( KR ) 

( * ) Notice : 

Do 

Subject to any disclaimer , the term of this 

patent is extended or adjusted under 35 

U . S . C . 154 ( b ) by 93 days . 

This patent is subject to a terminal dis 

claimer . ( 56 ) References Cited 

( 21 ) Appl . No . : 15 / 018 , 050 U . S . PATENT DOCUMENTS 

( 22 ) Filed : Feb . 8 , 2016 

( 65 ) Prior Publication Data 

US 2016 / 0157289 A1 Jun . 2 , 2016 

6 , 108 , 542 A 8 / 2000 Swanchara et al . 8 , 325 , 610 B2 12 / 2012 Fischer 

( Continued ) 

Primary Examiner — Diane Lo 

( 74 ) Attorney , Agent , or Firm — Jefferson IP Law , LLP 

( 63 ) 

Related U . S . Application Data 

Continuation of application No . 14 / 575 , 184 , filed on 

Dec . 18 , 2014 , now Pat . No . 9 , 258 , 768 , which is a 

( Continued ) 

( 30 ) Foreign Application Priority Data 

Sep . 14 , 2011 ( KR ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 - 2011 - 0092509 

( 57 ) ABSTRACT 

A method for using legacy Wi - Fi and Wi - Fi Peer - to - Peer 

( P2P ) simultaneously is provided . The method includes 

entering a device discovery process of Wi - Fi P2P , if use of 

a Wi - Fi P2P function is requested while using a legacy Wi - Fi 

function , acquiring a Group Owner ( GO ) right of Wi - Fi P2P 

in the device discovery process , performing a listen state 

over the same channel as a channel where the legacy Wi - Fi 

function is in use , through the acquisition of the GO right , and performing a search state over a social channel of Wi - Fi 

P2P , and repeating the listen state and the search state until 

the device discovery process is ended . 

( 51 ) Int . Ci . H04W 76 / 02 

H04W 4 / 00 

H04W 48 / 16 

H04W 52 / 02 

H04L 29 / 08 

( 2009 . 01 ) 

( 2009 . 01 ) 

( 2009 . 01 ) 

( 2009 . 01 ) 

( 2006 . 01 ) 20 Claims , 7 Drawing Sheets 

START 

LEGACY WI - FI STATION MODE - 5401 

USE OF WEN $ 402 NO PZP FUNCTION REQUESTED ? 

YES ENTER DEVICE DISCOVERY PROCESS OF WI - FI P2P 

PERFORM RELATED OPERATION 

- $ 403 

ENABLE AUTONOMOUS GO MODE - 5404 

PERFORM LISTEN STATE OVER SAME CHANNEL AS THAT IN LEGACY WI - FI STATION MODE - 3405 

PERFORM SEARCH STATE OVER SOCIAL CHANNEL E $ 406 

S407 DEVICE DISCOVERY PROCESS ENDED ? 

TYES 

DISABLE AUTONOMOUS GO MODE E - $ 408 

END 

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US 9 , 913 , 313 B2 

Page 2 

Related U . S . Application Data 

continuation of application No . 13 / 606 , 667 , filed on 

Sep . 7 , 2012 , now Pat . No . 8 , 929 , 822 . 

( 51 ) Int . Cl .H04W 28 / 02 

H04W 84 / 18 

H04W 88 / 06 

H04W 84 / 12 

H046 8 / 00 

( 2009 . 01 ) 

( 2009 . 01 ) 

( 2009 . 01 ) 

( 2009 . 01 ) 

( 2009 . 01 ) 

( 56 ) References Cited 

U . S . PATENT DOCUMENTS 

8 , 493 , 992 B2 

2007 / 0234402 Al 

2008 / 0009267 A1 

2008 / 0248763 AL 

2009 / 0245152 A 

2010 / 0322213 Al 

2011 / 0034127 A1 

2011 / 0059779 A1 

2011 / 0082939 Al 

2011 / 0134882 Al 

2011 / 0161697 A1 

2011 / 0167114 Al 

2011 / 0199993 A1 

2012 / 0179789 A1 

2012 / 0258715 Al 

2013 / 0182686 Al 

2014 / 0141714 Al 

2015 / 0087310 A1 

7 / 2013 Sella et al . 10 / 2007 Khosravi et al . 1 / 2008 Ramos Robles et al . 10 / 2008 Park et al . 10 / 2009 Hsu et al . 12 / 2010 Liu et al . 2 / 2011 Wentink et al . 3 / 2011 Thomas et al . 4 / 2011 Montemurro et al . 6 / 2011 Aoyama et al . 6 / 2011 Qi et al . 7 / 2011 Blanchard , III et al . 8 / 2011 Yen et al . 7 / 2012 Griot et al . 10 / 2012 Souissi et al . 7 / 2013 Vedantham et al . 5 / 2014 Ghosh et al . 3 / 2015 Santhanam et al . 

Case 2:23-cv-00409-JRG-RSP Document 23-1 Filed 03/04/24 Page 3 of 17 PageID #: 156 Case 2:23-cv-00409-JRG-RSP Document 38-1 Filed 03/25/24 Page 3 of 17 PageID #: 606
atent Mar . 6 , 2018 Sheet 1 of 7 US 9 , 913 , 313 B2 

P2P DEVICE 1 P2P DEVICE 2 

DEVICE DISCOVERY 

SERVICE SERVICE DISCOVERY 

- GROUP GROUP CREATION CREATION 

END 

FIG . 1 

( RELATED ART ) 

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atent Mar . 6 , 2018 Sheet 2 of 7 US 9 , 913 , 313 B2 

? 2 V 

- 

? 

3 + V 

- 

- 

? 

- + V 

- 

- CH 11 + -

V 

CH 10 V - 

- 

CH9 + - V 

— - - 

— - - 

V 

V 

CH 6 BD E V lo 

CH 5 V 

? = V — - 

— - 

? + V 

W 

V 

N 

CH 1 V 

DISCOVERY ENABLE DISCOVERY DISABLE 

DEVICE DISCOVERY PERIOD 

LEGACY WI - FI ( WI - FI STATION ) MODE 

SEARCH STATE 

LISTEN STATE 

IEEE 802 . 11 Scan Mode 

FIG . 2 

( RELATED ART ) 

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U . S . Paten atent Mar . 6 , 2018 Sheet 3 of 7 US 9 , 913 , 313 B2 

CH 14 

CH 13 

CH 12 NA - 

+ 

CH 11 

CH 10 

CH9 - 

- CH8 À 

IN SITE

LISTEN MODE ENABLE Listen mode disable 

C L EGACY WI - FI ( WI - FI STATION ) MODE 

A LISTEN STATE MAINTAINING PERIOD 

FIG . 3 

( RELATED ART ) 

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atent Mar . 6 , 2018 Sheet 4 of 7 US 9 , 913 , 313 B2 

START 

LEGACY WI -FI STATION MODE - 5401 

S402 

USE OF WI - FI 

P2P FUNCTION REQUESTED ? NO 

PERFORM RELATED 

OPERATION JYES 

ENTER DEVICE DISCOVERY 

PROCESS OF WI - FI P2P S403 

ENABLE AUTONOMOUS GO MODE S404 

PERFORM LISTEN STATE OVER 

SAME CHANNEL AS THAT IN 

LEGACY WI - FI STATION MODE S405 

PERFORM SEARCH STATE 

OVER SOCIAL CHANNEL S406 

5407 NO DEVICE DISCOVERY 

PROCESS ENDED ? 

YES 

DISABLE AUTONOMOUS GO MODE S408 

END 

FIG . 4 

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atent Mar . 6 , 2018 Sheet 5 of 7 US 9 , 913 , 313 B2 

? 

??? ? 

- - 

- - - 

Ñ - 

. 

- 

CH 11 . 

CH 10 . 

CH 9 . 

- - oco ! ! - - 

CH 8 E . 

- 

. CH 7 - 

CH 6 - - 

- H+E+ + 

- . 

| - - 

- - 

. 

? NW +olo. 

- H+

? . 

- 

- 

? . 

. 

DISCOVERY AUTONOMUS GO DISCOVERY DISABLE 

ENABLE MODE ENABLE 

LEGACY WI - FI STATION MODE 

IEEE 802 . 11 SCAN MODE 

SEARCH STATE 

AUTONOMOUS GO MODE + LEGACY WI - FI STATION MODE 

FIG . 5 

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atent Mar . 6 , 2018 Sheet 6 of 7 US 9 , 913 , 313 B2 

START 

LEGACY WI - FI STATION MODE - 5601 

S602 

NO LAT ENTER LISTEN 

MODE OF WI - FI P2P ? 

YES PERFORM RELATED 

OPERATION 

ENABLE AUTONOMOUS GO MODE - S603 

END 

FIG . 6 

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atent Mar . 6 , 2018 Sheet 7 of 7 US 9 , 913 , 313 B2 

? 

? 

? 

CH 14 

CH 13 

CH 12 

CH 11 

CH 10 

CH9 

? 

? 

? 

? 

? 

? ?? - 

? 

? 

+ ? 

= 

? 

CH 1 

LISTEN MODE 

ENABLE - AUTONOMOUS 

GO MODE ENABLE 

LISTEN MODE - DISABLE - AUTONOMOUS 

GO MODE DISABLE 

LEGACY WI - FI STATION MODE 

AUTONOMOUS GO MODE + LEGACY WI - FI STATION MODE 

FIG . 7 

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US 9 , 913 , 313 B2 

METHOD FOR USING LEGACY WI -FI AND Since an understanding of the overall operation of the 

WI - FI P2P SIMULTANEOUSLY Wi - Fi P2P should precede an understanding of the degra dation in performance of the legacy Wi - Fi , the cause of 

PRIORITY problems and a means for addressing the problems will be 

5 presented based on the below - described details for imple This application is a continuation application of prior m enting the present invention . application Ser . No . 14 / 575 , 184 , filed on Dec . 18 , 2014 , which was a continuation application of prior application SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 

Ser . No . 13 / 606 , 667 , filed on Sep . 7 , 2012 , which has issued 

as U . S . Pat . No . 8 , 929 , 822 on Jan . 6 , 2015 and claimed the 10 Aspects of the present invention are to address at least the benefit under 35 U . S . C . $ 119 ( a ) of a Korean patent appli above - mentioned problems and / or disadvantages and to cation filed in the Korean Intellectual Property Office on provide at least the advantages described below . Accord Sep . 14 , 2011 and assigned Serial No . 10 - 2011 - 0092509 , the ingly , an aspect of the present invention is to provide a entire disclosure of each of which is hereby incorporated by method for preventing degradation in performance of legacy reference . 15 Wi - Fi during execution of a Wi - Fi Peer - to - peer ( P2P ) func 

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION tion when a P2P device capable of supporting Wi - Fi P2P 

technology is using legacy Wi - Fi ( i . e . , when the P2P device 

1 . Field of the Invention is connected to a specific Access Point ( AP ) with a legacy 

The present invention relates to a method for ensuring 20 W1 - F1 STA interface ) . performance of Wi - Fi . More particularly , the present inven In accordance with an aspect of the present invention , a 

tion relates to a method for minimizing degradation in method for using legacy Wi - Fi and Wi - Fi P2P simultane 

performance of legacy Wi - Fi when a legacy Wi - Fi function ously is provided . The method includes entering a device 

and a Wi - Fi Peer - to - peer ( P2P ) function are used simulta discovery process of Wi - Fi P2P , if use of a Wi - Fi P2P 

neously . 25 function is requested while using a legacy Wi - Fi function , 2 . Description of the Related Art acquiring a Group Owner ( GO ) right of Wi - Fi P2P in the 

Wireless communication based on legacy Wi - Fi was device discovery process , performing a listen state over the 

developed to provide Internet access through Access Points same channel as a channel where the legacy Wi - Fi function 

( APs ) and is thus unable to provide direct communication is in use , through the acquisition of the GO right , and 

among devices supporting a Wi - Fi function . Therefore , an 30 performing a search state over a social channel of Wi - Fi P2P , advanced function called Wi - Fi P2P or Wi - Fi Direct has and repeating the listen state and the search state until the 

been proposed in order to provide a direct communication device discovery process is ended . function among Wi - Fi devices . In accordance with another aspect of the present inven 

Wi - Fi P2P technology , proposed by the Wi - Fi Alliance , is tion , a method for using legacy Wi - Fi and Wi - Fi P2P 

compatible with the legacy Wi - Fi , and allows devices sup - 35 simultaneously is provided . The method includes acquiring 

porting the Wi - Fi function to access each other for commu - a GO right of Wi - Fi P2P , if an entry into a listen mode of 

nication without need of an AP . Wi - Fi P2P is requested during execution of a legacy Wi - Fi 

Although the inter - device direct communication function station mode , and entering the listen mode over the same 

is similar to the function provided in technology such as channel as a channel where the legacy Wi - Fi function is in 

Bluetooth , the Wi - Fi P2P function is rapidly replacing 40 use , through the acquisition of the GO right . Bluetooth because Wi - Fi P2P has many advantages over Other aspects , advantages , and salient features of the 

Bluetooth in terms of coverage and data rate . For example , invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art 

while Bluetooth 4 . 0 , the latest Bluetooth standard , supports from the following detailed description , which , taken in 

a maximum coverage of 100 m and a maximum data rate of conjunction with the annexed drawings , discloses exemplary 24 Mbps , Wi - Fi Direct supports a maximum coverage of 200 45 embodiments of the invention . m and a maximum data rate of 300 Mbps . Wireless communication based on the legacy Wi - Fi BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 

includes a scheme called Ad - hoc mode , which supports direct connection . Actually , however , the Ad - hoc mode is The above and other aspects , features , and advantages of 

rarely used due to its many disadvantages such as security 50 certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention will 

vulnerabilities , increase in power consumption , and trans - be more apparent from the following description taken in 

mission bandwidth limitation of 11 Mbps . conjunction with the accompanying drawings , in which : 

Because the Wi - Fi P2P function takes into account the FIG . 1 is a flowchart schematically illustrating a process compatibility with the conventional Wi - Fi function or the of creating a Peer - to - peer ( P2P ) group through execution of 

legacy Wi - Fi function , a user may attempt a Wi - Fi P2P 55 a Wi - Fi P2P function according to the related art ; 

connection while using the legacy Wi - Fi function . For FIG . 2 illustrates a first degradation in performance of 

example , the user may request execution of the Wi - Fi P2P legacy Wi - Fi during execution of a Wi - Fi P2P function in a 

function for the purpose of file sharing , while his or her legacy Wi - Fi station mode according to the related art ; 

mobile terminal is operating in a legacy Wi - Fi station mode FIG . 3 illustrates a second degradation in performance of 

where it may be provided with a communication function by 60 legacy Wi - Fi during execution of a Wi - Fi P2P function in a 

being connected to a specific AP . legacy Wi - Fi station mode according to the related art ; 

However , in the legacy Wi - Fi station mode , if the Wi - Fi FIG . 4 is a flowchart illustrating a process of executing a 

P2P function is executed , performance of the legacy Wi - Fi Wi - Fi P2P function in a legacy Wi - Fi station mode accord 

may be degraded . Therefore , there is a need for a method ing to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention ; 

capable of preventing performance degradation of the legacy 65 FIG . 5 illustrates a process of executing a Wi - Fi P2P 

Wi - Fi during the execution of the Wi - Fi P2P function while function in a legacy Wi - Fi station mode according to an 

the legacy Wi - Fi is in use . exemplary embodiment of the present invention ; 

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US 9 , 913 , 313 B2 

FIG . 6 is a flowchart illustrating a process of executing a according to the Institute of Electrical and Electronics 

Wi - Fi P2P function in a legacy Wi - Fi station mode accord Engineers ( IEEE ) 802 . 11 standard at intervals of a prede ing to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention ; termined time . and A basic operation of the device discovery procedure 

FIG . 7 illustrates a process of executing a Wi - Fi P2P 5 performed in the Wi - Fi P2P group creation process is 

function in a legacy Wi - Fi station mode according to an performed by exchange of Probe Request and Probe 

exemplary embodiment of the present invention . Response messages of an IEEE 802 . 11 Media Access Con 

Throughout the drawings , like reference numerals will be trol ( MAC ) protocol . Probe Request includes information 

understood to refer to like parts , components , and structures . such as P2P a Information Element ( IE ) , a Wi - Fi Simple * 10 Configuration ( WSC ) IE and a Supplemental Registration 

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY ( Supp Reg ) IE , and Probe Response includes information 

EMBODIMENTS such as a P2P IE , a WSC IE , a Robust Secure Network ( RSN ) IE and a Supp Reg IE . 

The following description with reference to the accom Service Discovery 15 Service discovery may be performed between the above panying drawings is provided to assist in a comprehensive described device discovery process and a below - described understanding of exemplary embodiments of the invention group creation process . The service discovery process is 

as defined by the claims and their equivalents . It includes performed to provide a function in which each P2P device various specific details to assist in that understanding but supporting the Wi - Fi P2P function exchanges information 

these are to be regarded as merely exemplary . Accordingly , 20 about its available services by identifying its supportable 

those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that various service protocols and services through exchange of request changes and modifications of the embodiments described and response messages . herein can be made without departing from the scope and For example , assuming that the P2P device 1 is a camera 

spirit of the invention . In addition , descriptions of well - and the P2P device 2 is a printer , when a user of the P2P 

known functions and constructions may be omitted for 25 device 1 wants to print out a photo , the P2P device 1 may 

clarity and conciseness . determine whether a photo output function of the P2P device 

The terms and words used in the following description 2 is available , through the service discovery , because the 

and claims are not limited to the bibliographical meanings , P2P device 1 needs to determine whether the P2P device 2 

but , are merely used by the inventor to enable a clear and supports a photo output function . consistent understanding of the invention . Accordingly , it 30 For example , assuming that file sharing between the P2P 

should be apparent to those skilled in the art that the device 1 and the P2P device 2 is requested through creation 

following description of exemplary embodiments of the of a Wi - Fi P2P group , if the P2P device 1 uses a file sharing present invention is provided for illustration purpose only scheme based on Universal Plug and Play ( UPNP ) whereas 

and not for the purpose of limiting the invention as defined the P2P device 2 uses a file sharing scheme based on Web 

by the appended claims and their equivalents . 35 Service ( WS ) , the service discovery process should be 

It is to be understood that the singular forms “ a , " " an , " performed because file sharing between the two devices may and “ the ” include plural referents unless the context clearly not be achieved . dictates otherwise . Thus , for example , reference to " a com - Group Creation 

ponent surface ” includes reference to one or more of such In Wi - Fi P2P , in order to create a Wi - Fi P2P group , P2P 

surfaces . 40 devices ( e . g . , P2P device 1 and P2P device 2 ) perform A Wi - Fi Peer - to - peer ( P2P ) function is provided by Provision Discovery , which is one of the important features 

devices ( e . g . , a P2P device 1 and a P2P device 2 ) supporting defined in the specification of Wi - Fi Direct ( or Wi - Fi P2P ) . the Wi - Fi P2P function by creating a Wi - Fi P2P group . To use the Wi - Fi P2P function , P2P devices basically Prior to a description of the problem that performance of operate based on WSC , e . g . , based on WPS . WSC support 

a legacy Wi - Fi station mode is degraded when a Wi - Fi P2P 45 of a connection device is optional in the legacy Wi - Fi 

function is enabled while the legacy Wi - Fi station mode is standard , but mandatory in Wi - Fi Direct . in use , and of an exemplary method and apparatus to address WSC , which is a function provided for more convenient 

the problem , a process of creating a P2P group will be wireless connection , includes a Push Button Configuration 

described below with reference to FIG . 1 which is a flow - ( PBC ) scheme in which a button should be pushed , and a 

chart schematically illustrating a process of creating a P2P 50 Personal Identification Number ( PIN ) scheme in which a 

group through execution of a Wi - Fi P2P function according PIN number should be input . For both the PBC scheme and 

to the related art . the PIN scheme , settings should be completed within 120 

Creation ( or formation ) of a Wi - Fi P2P group may be seconds , which results in an inconvenience . For example , in 

achieved by three processes : Device Discovery , Service the case of the PBC scheme , a WSC Registration Protocol 

Discovery , and Group Creation . These processes will be 55 may start only when a WPS button is input or pushed in the 

described below in order . other party ' s device within 120 seconds after one device Device Discovery requested wireless connection using the PBC scheme . The 

A device discovery process is a procedure needed when devices exchange Service Set Identify ( SSID ) and creden 

Wi - Fi P2P devices ( e . g . , P2P devices 1 and 2 ) identify each tials ( which is the total sum of cryptographic information , other and configure a connection in order to create a Wi - Fi 60 and includes information such as authentication type , P2P group with a function of Wi - Fi P2P ( or Wi - Fi Direct ) . encryption type , network key and ssid ) needed for connec 

A Wi - Fi P2P device ( e . g . , P2P device 1 or P2P device 2 tion . 

shown in FIG . 1 ) , which has entered a device discovery A standard newly defined in Wi - Fi Direct to relieve these 

mode as a result of a menu selection to use a Wi - Fi Direct inconveniences of the conventional WSC is the Provision 

function ( or Wi - Fi P2P function ) or as a predetermined 65 Discovery scheme . In the Provision Discovery scheme , application is executed , discovers surrounding Wi - Fi P2P when a predetermined Wi - Fi P2P device ( e . g . , P2P device 1 ) 

devices by repeating Channel Scan , Listen and Search attempts a connection based on the conventional WSC ( PBC 

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US 9 , 913 , 313 B2 

scheme or PIN scheme ) after discovering another Wi - Fi P2P as GO , and the GC device accesses the GO based on the 

device ( e . g . , P2P device 2 ) , the Wi - Fi P2P device informs credentials identified by Provisioning Finally , the two P2P 

another Wi - Fi P2P device ' s user of its connection attempt by devices are connected to the Wi - Fi P2P group . sending a WSC Configuration Method message . Based on the details described in connection with the 

The WSC Configuration Method message is classified 5 creation of a Wi - Fi P2P group , the problem will be described 

into different types such as PBC , PIN from Display , and PIN below that performance of legacy Wi - Fi is degraded when a 

from Keypad . In PBC , another Wi - Fi P2P device ' s user Wi - Fi P2P function is executed while the legacy Wi - Fi 

receives a button input , and PIN from Display and PIN from function is in use . Keypad may inform another Wi - Fi P2P device ' s user of the The degradation in performance of legacy Wi - Fi during 

Wi - Fi P2P connection attempt by an event where a pin 10 execution of the Wi - Fi P2P function in the legacy Wi - Fi 

number is displayed or input on another Wi - Fi P2P device station mode may occur in the device discovery process If Provision Discovery is completed as users of the P2P described in conjunction with FIG . 1 . A first degradation in 

device 1 and the P2P device 2 accept the Wi - Fi P2P performance of legacy Wi - Fi during execution of a Wi - Fi 

connection , a Group Owner Negotiation process is per - P2P function in a legacy Wi - Fi station mode will be 

formed between the Wi - Fi P2P devices . Since Wi - Fi P2P 15 described below with reference to FIG . 2 . needs to determine or set a Group Owner ( GO ) that will play FIG . 2 illustrates a first degradation in performance of 

a central role in the created Wi - Fi P2P group , the Group legacy Wi - Fi during execution of a Wi - Fi P2P function in a 

Owner Negotiation process for determining a Wi - Fi P2P legacy Wi - Fi station mode according to the related art . device that will serve as GO , is needed for use of the Wi - Fi Referring to FIG . 2 , it is assumed that a legacy Wi - Fi 

P2P function . 20 station mode is in progress over a Channel # 10 ( CH10 ) The Group Owner Negotiation process is performed by among the channels set up for Wi - Fi communications . Upon 

exchange of GO Negotiation Request , GO Negotiation request for execution of a Wi - Fi P2P function , a P2P device 

Response , and GO Negotiation Confirm frames . GO Nego - enters a device discovery period where it discovers its 

tiation Request and GO Negotiation Response include P2P surrounding P2P devices . IE information and WSC IE information , respectively . A 25 In the Wi - Fi P2P Specification , the device discovery 

field of the P2P IE includes information such as P2P process discovers surrounding P2P devices by scanning all 

Capability , P2P Device Info , Group Owner Intent , Configu channels using a channel scan method ( e . g . , IEEE 802 . 11 

ration Timeout , Listen Channel , Extended Listen Timing , scan mode , or IEEE 802 . 11 channel scan method ) defined in 

Intended P2P Interface Address , Channel List , and Operat the IEEE 802 . 11 standard . ing Channel attributes . A field of the WSC - IE includes 30 If the IEEE 802 . 11 channel scan method is used , an 

information such as DEVICE PASSWORD ID , MANU Access Point ( AP ) of legacy Wi - Fi ( legacy Wi - Fi AP ) , a GO 

FACTURER , MODEL NAME , MODEL NUMBER , device of Wi - Fi P2P , and common P2P devices ( i . e . , P2P 

SERIAL NUMBER , and DEVICE NAME . devices which are not set as GO or GC ) whose roles are not 

Each of the P2P device 1 and the P2P device 2 compares determined yet , may all be discovered 

Group Owner Intent included in the P2P IE . A device with 35 If no P2P device requiring a connection is discovered 

greater Group Owner Intent is determined as GO , while a even though the IEEE 802 . 11 channel scan method is used , device with less Group Owner Intent is determined as a the discovery of surrounding P2P devices is continued 

Group Client ( GC ) . If the P2P device 1 and the P2P device through a search state and a listen state . In the search state , 2 are determined as GO and GC , respectively , after comple a Probe Request message may be sent , and in the listen state , tion of the Group Owner Negotiation process , the device set 40 a Probe Response to a Probe Request message received from 

as GO operates as a WSC registrar and the device set as GC another P2P device may be sent . operates as a WSC enrollee If Provisioning for exchanging It is defined in the Wi - Fi P2P Direct Specification that 

credentials is completed , a group setup process for forming these search and listen states may be performed using only 

a Wi - Fi P2P group is completed . a Channel # 1 ( CHI ) , a Channel # 6 ( CHO ) and a Channel # 11 

In the Group Owner Negotiation process , attributes of the 45 ( CH11 ) , which are called social channels , if the P2P device 

P2P group are also determined . The attributes of the P2P is not set as GO ( i . e . , has no GO rights ) . In other words , it 

group are classified into Temporary Groups and Persistent is defined that if no P2P devices connected to a Wi - Fi P2P 

Groups . A Temporary Group corresponds to a P2P group group are set as GO or GC as the Group Owner Negotiation 

formed to be used only once , and a Persistent Group process described in conjunction with FIG . 1 is not per corresponds to a P2P group formed to be used persistently . 50 formed , the P2P device may perform the search and listen 

If the created P2P group is set as a persistent group , P2P states only over the social channels . devices in the P2P group store credentials and information Therefore , upon receiving a request for execution of a 

about the roles ( i . e . , GO or GC ) of the P2P devices in the Wi - Fi P2P function from a user while operating in a legacy P2P group , and omit processes such as Provision Discovery , Wi - Fi station mode using CH10 , the P2P device switches 

Group Owner Negotiation and Provisioning upon request to 55 from CH10 to the social channels CH1 , CH6 and CH11 and 

form a P2P group in the future , thereby quickly forming the performs the search and listen states , because it has not yet P2P group , contributing to the improvement of the connec determined whether to operate as GO or GC . tion speed . For example , if a device discovered in Device However , in some cases , discovery of surrounding P2P 

Discovery is a device belonging to a P2P group previously devices may not be quickly completed even by the IEEE 

formed as a persistent group , a device corresponding to GO 60 802 . 11 channel scan method and the search and listen states , may create a P2P group through exchange of information causing excessive consumption of time in a device discovery 

( e . g . , Invitation request / response ) including information period where the social channels are used . As a result , it 

about the attributes of the P2P group , and a device corre takes excessive time in switching back to CH10 and pro sponding to GC may quickly access the P2P group based on viding the legacy Wi - Fi station mode ' s function , causing 

the credentials stored therein . 65 occurrence of the phenomenon where performance of the 

Thereafter , if the group creation process is completed , the legacy Wi - Fi function is degraded in the device discovery 

GO device moves to an operating channel and starts its role period . 

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US 9 , 913 , 313 B2 

Another example of degradation in performance of legacy the Wi - Fi P2P function . The use request for the Wi - Fi P2P 

Wi - Fi during execution of a Wi - Fi P2P function in a legacy function may be a request made by execution of a menu or 

Wi - Fi station mode will be described below with reference an application by a user of a specific P2P device , or may 

to FIG . 3 . correspond to a Wi - Fi P2P connection request from another 

FIG . 3 illustrates a second degradation in performance of 5 P2P device . legacy Wi - Fi during execution of a Wi - Fi P2P function in a If use of the Wi - Fi P2P function is requested while the 

legacy Wi - Fi station mode according to the related art . legacy Wi - Fi station mode is in operation , the P2P device Referring to FIG . 3 , the device discovery process ( Dis enters a device discovery process related to P2P group covery Modes ) , which is performed to use the Wi - Fi P2P creation of Wi - Fi P2P . After entering the device discovery function , may include a listen mode . The listen mode , in 10 process , the P2P device discovers its surrounding P2P which a P2P device waits for a Wi - Fi P2P connection from devices by performing IEEE 802 . 11 channel scan . the other party ' s P2P device , is a function that is provided by taking into account the situations in which , when a P2P In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention , the 

device 1 is a wireless printer and a P2P device 2 is a camera P2P device , a device capable of creating a P2P group using 

and is connected by the Wi - Fi P2P function , the P2P device 15 the Wi - F1 PZP junction , includes a communication module 

1 waits for an output request from the P2P device 2 . complying with the IEEE 802 . 11 standard for Wireless 

The listen mode is performed by periodically maintaining Local Area Network ( WLAN ) , and the communication 

the listen state , and , if the listen state is periodically main module is assumed to have a standard of 802 . 11g or more 

tained over the CH10 allocated for the legacy Wi - Fi station ( e . g . , 802 . 11g or 802 . 11n ) for certification of Wi - Fi Direct . mode and another channel ( shown as CH6 in FIG . 3 ) , 20 Therefore , exemplary embodiments of the present invention 

performance of the legacy Wi - Fi station mode may be are assumed to be realized by P2P devices that include a 

degraded in the period where the listen state is maintained . communication module having a standard of 802 . 11g or 

For example , if the listen state is repeatedly maintained more ( e . g . , 802 . 11g or 802 . 11n ) and have undergone Wi - Fi 

using CH6 while a streaming image is played in the legacy Direct certification . Wi - Fi station mode using CH10 , the streaming image may 25 In steps S404 and S405 , the P2P device acquires GO 

not be normally played during the maintenance of the listen rights by enabling Autonomous GO mode , and performs a 

state . listen state over the same channel as the channel in use in the The Wi - Fi P2P Specification provides that the P2P device legacy Wi - Fi station mode using the acquired GO rights . may use only the social channels CH1 , CH6 and CH11 if it The Wi - Fi P2P ( Wi - Fi Direct ) Specification defines a 

is not set as GO ( or has no GO rights ) even with the listen 30 mode in which a P2P device may immediately acquire GO 

mode . The P2P device maintains the listen state at stated rights without the Group Owner Negotiation process periods as shown in FIG . 3 without continuously maintain - described in conjunction with FIG . 2 . This mode is called 

ing the listen mode , taking its power consumption into Autonomous GO mode . consideration . The Autonomous GO mode performs the listen state in 

Because an increase in the period to maintain the listen 35 which a P2P device sets itself as GO and waits for a 

state may contribute to an increase in the probability of a connection of another P2P device ( i . e . , GC in the created 

P2P device to be discovered by another P2P device , but may P2P group ) , such as when a P2P device should provide an 

cause an increase in the power consumption , the mainte - AP feature by continuously playing a role of GO . nance period of the listen state needs to be properly set for As described in conjunction with FIG . 2 , the Wi - Fi P2P 

its optimization . For example , it is provided in the Wi - Fi P2P 40 Specification provides that in the absence of GO rights , the 

standard that a period to maintain the listen state is about listen state should be performed only over the social chan 

10 % of a sleep period . However , this period may be changed n els CH1 , CH6 and CH11 . by the manufacturer of the P2P devices . Therefore , in accordance with the above described exem 

Exemplary embodiments of the present invention that plary embodiment of the present invention , if use of Wi - Fi 

address the problems of the degradation in performance of 45 P2P is requested in the legacy Wi - Fi station mode , the P2P 

legacy Wi - Fi , which have been described so far with refer - device acquires GO rights by enabling Autonomous GO 

ence to FIGS . 2 and 3 , will now be described below . mode on the same channel as the channel in use in the legacy FIG . 4 is a flowchart illustrating a process of executing a Wi - Fi station mode , thereby acquiring rights to select the 

Wi - Fi P2P function in a legacy Wi - Fi station mode accord - channel where it will perform the listen state . If GO rights 

ing to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention , 50 are acquired through enabling of Autonomous GO mode , the 

and FIG . 5 illustrates a process of executing a Wi - Fi P2P P2P device is allowed to perform the listen state over the 

function in a legacy Wi - Fi station mode according to an same channel as the channel in use in the legacy Wi -Fi 

exemplary embodiment of the present invention . The first station mode . exemplary embodiment of the present invention corresponds By enabling Autonomous GO mode over the same chan 

to an embodiment capable of addressing the problem of the 55 nel as that in the legacy Wi - Fi station mode in this way , the 

degradation in performance of the legacy Wi - Fi during P2P device may execute the legacy Wi -Fi station mode 

execution of the Wi - Fi P2P function in the legacy Wi - Fi while performing the listen state during the period of 

station mode according to the related art , which has been Autonomous GO mode . In other words , by enabling Autono 

described in conjunction with FIG . 2 , and a description mous GO mode over the same channel as that in the legacy 

thereof will be given below . 60 Wi - Fi station mode , the P2P device may perform both 

Referring to FIG . 4 , in steps S401 to S403 , while oper - transmission and reception - related operations of the legacy ating in a legacy Wi - Fi station mode , if use of a Wi - Fi P2P Wi - Fi station mode , while sending a Probe Response mes 

function is requested , a P2P device enters a device discovery sage to a Probe request message from an external P2P 

process of Wi - Fi P2P . device . The reason why this is possible is because the Wi - Fi 

While performing wireless data communication using the 65 standard is based on competition , Autonomous GO mode 

legacy Wi - Fi function , a user of a specific P2P device may and legacy Wi - Fi station mode may operate together on 

request data sharing with a user of another P2P device using condition that they use the same channel . 

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10 

m 

Therefore , if Autonomous GO mode is enabled over the legacy Wi - Fi station mode , which has been described in 

same channel as that in the legacy Wi - Fi station mode , the conjunction with FIG . 3 . As described in conjunction with 

legacy Wi - Fi station mode is operable while the listen state FIG . 3 , the Wi - Fi P2P Specification provides that if the P2P 

based on Autonomous GO mode is performed , making it device is not set as GO , even the listen mode should use the 

possible to address the problems or Quality of Service ( QoS ) 5 social channels CH1 , CH6 and CH 11 . Hence , the perfor problems that the legacy Wi - Fi station mode is discon mance of legacy Wi - Fi may be degraded when the channels nected , which may occur during execution of the Wi - Fi P2P in use by the legacy Wi - Fi station mode are different from function in the legacy Wi - Fi station mode . the channels in use by the listen mode . In steps S406 to S408 , the P2P device performs the search Therefore , this exemplary embodiment provides a method state over the social channels CH1 , CH6 and CH11 defined 10 of entering the listen mode by enabling Autonomous GO in the Wi - Fi P2P Specification , repeats the search and listen 

states in a predetermined period until the device discovery mode of the P2P device in the same channel as that in use 

by the legacy Wi - Fi station mode , in entering the listen mode process is ended , and disables Autonomous GO mode if the 

device discovery process is ended . while the legacy Wi - Fi station mode is in use . 

The search state is performed in substantially the same 15 , In accordance with this exemplary embodiment , the P2P 

method as described in connection with FIG . 2 . This is to device may cope with a Wi - Fi P2P connection request from 

allow the above described exemplary embodiment of the another P2P device , while continuously performing data 

present invention to operate in accordance with the device Transmission and Reception ( TX / RX ) of the legacy Wi - Fi 

discovery process defined by the Wi - Fi P2P Specification , station mode . thereby maintaining compatibility . Therefore , in the above 20 This exemplary embodiment will be described once again described exemplary embodiment of the present invention , with reference to FIG . 7 . If an entry into the listen mode is 

the P2P device performs the search state over the social requested while the legacy Wi - Fi station mode is performed 

channels CH1 , CH6 and CH11 . The period of the periodic over CH10 , the P2P device enters the listen mode by search state is assumed to have a time period of 100 to 300 enabling Autonomous GO mode over the same CH10 . ms defined in the Wi - Fi P2P Specification . 25 As described above , because GO rights are acquired if 

Steps S401 to S408 will be described once again with Autonomous GO mode is enabled , the P2P device may reference to FIG . 5 . Upon request to use the Wi - Fi P2P switch an operating channel of the listen mode . Thus , the 

function , the P2P device , which was performing the legacy P2P device may control the listen mode to be operated on the 

Wi - Fi station mode over CH10 , discovers its surrounding CH10 . P2P devices using the IEEE 802 . 11 scan method . 30 Therefore , in the state where Autonomous GO mode is 

Thereafter , the P2P device determines the channel in use enabled ( i . e . , the listen mode is in progress in the same 

by the legacy Wi - Fi station mode while maintaining the channel as that in the legacy Wi - Fi station mode ) , the legacy legacy Wi - Fi station mode , for a predetermined time , Wi - Fi station mode and the listen mode may operate 

enables Autonomous GO mode over the same channel ( i . e . , together due to the competition - based Wi - Fi standard , mak 

CH10 ) as the channel in use by the legacy Wi -Fi station 35 ing it possible to address the problems of the related art in 

mode , and performs the listen state during a period of which the legacy Wi - Fi station mode is degraded in perfor 

Autonomous GO mode . mance or interrupted upon entry into the listen mode . As shown in FIG . 5 , from the timing “ Autonomous GO In this exemplary embodiment , if the period where 

mode enable ' on , where Autonomous GO mode is enabled , Autonomous GO mode is enabled ( i . e . , the period where the 

the listen state needed for Device Discovery of Wi - Fi P2P 40 listen mode is in progress in the same channel as that in the 

and the legacy Wi - Fi station mode may be performed legacy Wi - Fi station mode ) is very long or lasts for a long simultaneously . Thereafter , the P2P device alternately per time , connectivity with another P2P device may improve 

forms the search state based on the social channels CH1 , advantageously , but the power consumption may increase 

CH6 and CH11 , and the Autonomous GO mode based on the disadvantageously . CH10 , until the device discovery process is ended . 45 Therefore , in this exemplary embodiment , the listen mode 

FIG . 6 is a flowchart illustrating a process of executing a may be repeated in a predetermined sleep period , which uses 

Wi - Fi P2P function in a legacy Wi - Fi station mode accord - an Opportunistic Power Save method proposed in the Wi - Fi 

ing to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention , P2P Specification . The Opportunistic Power Save method , and FIG . 7 illustrates a process of executing a Wi - Fi P2P which is a power management mechanism proposed by the 

function in a legacy Wi - Fi station mode according to an 50 Wi - Fi P2P Specification , is a method in which , when a P2P 

exemplary embodiment of the present invention . The below group is created by the Wi - Fi P2P function , the P2P device 

described exemplary embodiment of the present invention corresponding to GO in the created P2P group enters a sleep corresponds to an embodiment capable of addressing the mode if there is no data traffic between GO and GC . problem of the degradation in performance of legacy Wi - Fi In other words , in this exemplary embodiment , the listen 

during execution of the Wi - Fi P2P function in the legacy 55 mode may ensure a connection with another P2P device by 

Wi - Fi station mode according to the related art , which has releasing the sleep mode ( or power - saving mode ) in a period 

been described in conjunction with FIG . 3 , and a description set as Client Traffic Window ( CTWindow ) in the period set 

thereof will be given below . for the sleep mode , even though the P2P device is in the 

Referring to FIG . 6 , in steps S601 to S603 , if an entry into sleep mode based on the Opportunistic Power Save function . the listen mode of Wi - Fi P2P is requested while the legacy 60 A period of CTWindow may be less than a Target Beacon 

Wi - Fi station mode is executed , a P2P device enters the Transmission Time ( TBTT ) , which is an interval where a 

listen mode by enabling Autonomous GO mode over the beacon is transmitted , and greater than or equal to a mini 

same channel as that in use by the legacy Wi - Fi station mum of 10 TU ( about 10 ms ) , or may be about a half of the 

mode . TBTT period . This exemplary embodiment of the present invention 65 As is apparent from the foregoing description , exemplary addresses the problem of the degradation in performance of embodiments of the present invention have a primary effect 

legacy Wi - Fi during enabling of the listen mode in the of addressing the problem that performance of legacy Wi - Fi 

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11 12 

15 

is degraded if the Wi - Fi P2P function is used while the 13 . An apparatus for connecting to a Wi - Fi network in an 

legacy Wi - Fi function is in use . electronic device , the apparatus comprising : 

By the primary effect of exemplary embodiments of the a communication module ; and 

present invention , a secondary effect may be expected that a controller operatively coupled with the communication 

can relieve the inconveniences that the P2P device should 5 module , the controller configured to : 

selectively use only the Wi - Fi P2P function after stopping enter a device discovery process of Wi - Fi Peer - to - Peer the legacy Wi - Fi function , due to the problem that perfor ( P2P ) , if a Wi - Fi P2P connection is requested while 

mance of legacy Wi - Fi is degraded if the Wi - Fi P2P function connecting a legacy Wi - Fi , is used while the legacy Wi - Fi function is in use . acquire a Group Owner ( GO ) right of Wi - Fi P2P in the While the invention has been shown and described with 10 device discovery process , reference to certain exemplary embodiments thereof , it will perform a listen state over the same channel as a be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes channel where the legacy Wi - Fi is in use , through the in form and details may be made therein without departing 

from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the acquisition of the GO right , and perform a search 

appended claims and their equivalents . 15 state over a social channel of Wi - Fi P2P , and 

What is claimed is : repeat the listen state and the search state until the 

1 . A method for connecting to a Wi - Fi network in an device discovery process is ended . electronic device , the method comprising : 14 . The apparatus of claim 13 , wherein the controller is 

entering a device discovery process of Wi - Fi Peer - to - peer further configured to enable an autonomous GO mode in the 

( P2P ) , if a Wi - Fi P2P connection is requested while 20 same channel as the channel where the legacy Wi -Fi is in 

connecting a legacy Wi - Fi ; use . 

acquiring a Group Owner ( GO ) right of Wi - Fi P2P in the 15 . The apparatus of claim 14 , wherein the controller is 

device discovery process ; further configured to disable the autonomous GO mode if 

performing a listen state over the same channel as a the device discovery process is ended . channel where the legacy Wi - Fi is in use , through the 25 16 . The apparatus of claim 13 , wherein the controller is 

acquisition of the GO right , and performing a search further configured to connect to the Wi - Fi P2P based on a 

state over a social channel of Wi - Fi P2P ; and result of the listen state and the search state . repeating the listen state and the search state until the 17 . An apparatus for connecting to a Wi - Fi network in an 

device discovery process is ended . electronic device , the apparatus comprising : 2 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the acquiring com - 30 a communication module ; and prises enabling an autonomous GO mode in the same a controller operatively coupled with the communication channel as the channel where the legacy Wi -Fi is in use . module , the controller configured to : 3 . The method of claim 2 , further comprising disabling the 

autonomous GO mode if the device discovery process is acquire a Group Owner ( GO ) right of Wi - Fi Peer - to 

ended . 35 Peer ( P2P ) , if an entry into a listen mode of Wi - Fi 

4 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the social channel P2P is requested during execution of a legacy Wi - Fi , includes a channel # 1 , a channel # 6 and a channel # 11 . and 

5 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the entering of the enter the listen mode over the same channel as a 

device discovery process of Wi - Fi P2P occurs based on at channel where the legacy Wi - Fi is in use , through the 

least one of a menu selection and execution of a predeter - 40 acquisition of the GO right . mined application . 18 . The apparatus of claim 17 , wherein the GO right of 

6 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the entering of the Wi - Fi P2P is acquired as an autonomous GO mode is 

device discovery process comprises performing a channel enabled in the same channel as the channel where the legacy scanning process . Wi - Fi is in use . 7 . The method of claim 1 , further comprising connecting 45 19 . At least one non - transitory computer readable storage 

to the Wi - Fi P2P based on a result of the listen state and the medium for storing a computer program of instructions 

search state . configured to be readable by at least one processor for 

8 . A method for connecting to a Wi - Fi network in an instructing the at least one processor to execute a computer electronic device , the method comprising : process for performing a method for connecting to a Wi - Fi 

acquiring a Group Owner ( GO ) right of Wi - Fi Peer - to - 50 network in an electronic device , the method comprising : 

Peer ( P2P ) , if an entry into a listen mode of Wi - Fi P2P entering a device discovery process of Wi - Fi Peer - to - Peer 

is requested during execution of a legacy Wi - Fi , and ( P2P ) , if a Wi - Fi P2P connection is requested while 

entering the listen mode over the same channel as a connecting a legacy Wi - Fi ; 

channel where the legacy Wi - Fi is in use , through the acquiring a Group Owner ( GO ) right of Wi - Fi P2P in the 

acquisition of the GO right . 55 device discovery process ; 

9 . The method of claim 8 , wherein the GO right of Wi - Fi performing a listen state over the same channel as a 

P2P is acquired as an autonomous GO mode is enabled in the channel where the legacy Wi - Fi is in use , through the 

same channel as the channel where the legacy Wi - Fi is in acquisition of the GO right , and performing a search use . state over a social channel of Wi - Fi P2P ; and 

10 . The method of claim 8 , wherein the listen mode enters 60 repeating the listen state and the search state until the 

a sleep mode using an opportunistic power save method . device discovery process is ended . 11 . The method of claim 10 , wherein the sleep mode is 20 . At least one non - transitory computer readable storage released in a period which is set as a Client Traffic Window medium for storing a computer program of instructions 

( CTWindow ) in a period set for the sleep mode . configured to be readable by at least one processor for 

12 . The method of claim 11 , wherein a period of the 65 instructing the at least one processor to execute a computer CTWindow corresponds to a period which is about a half of process for performing a method for connecting to a Wi - Fi 

a Target Beacon Transmission Time ( TBTT ) period . network in an electronic device , the method comprising : 

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13 14 

acquiring a Group Owner ( GO ) right of Wi - Fi Peer - to 

Peer ( P2P ) , if an entry into a listen mode of Wi - Fi P2P 

is requested during execution of a legacy Wi - Fi ; and 

entering the listen mode over the same channel as a 

channel where the legacy Wi - Fi is in use , through the 5 

acquisition of the GO right . * * * * 

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