UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

EASTERN DISTRICT OF MISSOURI

EASTERN DIVISION

URIYAH REED, ) 

) 

 Plaintiff, ) 

) 

 vs. ) Case No. 4:23-CV-788 MTS

) 

UNKNOWN BADGER, et al., ) 

) 

 Defendants. ) 

ORDER OF TRANSFER

This matter is before the Court on the motion of plaintiff Uriyah Reed, civil detainee 

currently housed at the Metropolitan St. Louis Psychiatric Center, for leave to commence this civil 

action without prepayment of the required filing fee. Doc. [2]. Having reviewed the motion and 

the financial information submitted in support, the Court will grant the motion and waive the filing 

fee. Additionally, for the reasons discussed below, the Court will transfer this action to the United 

States District Court for the Eastern District of Texas, Tyler Division. 

28 U.S.C. § 1915(b)(1)

Pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1915(b)(1), a prisoner bringing a civil action in forma pauperis is 

required to pay the full amount of the filing fee. If the prisoner has insufficient funds in his prison 

account to pay the entire fee, the Court must assess and, when funds exist, collect an initial partial 

filing fee of 20 percent of the greater of (1) the average monthly deposits in the prisoner’s account, 

or (2) the average monthly balance in the prisoner’s account for the prior six-month period. After 

payment of the initial partial filing fee, the prisoner is required to make monthly payments of 20 

percent of the preceding month’s income credited to his account. 28 U.S.C. § 1915(b)(2). The 

agency having custody of the prisoner will forward these monthly payments to the Clerk of Court 

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each time the amount in the prisoner’s account exceeds $10.00, until the filing fee is fully paid. 

Id.

In support of the instant motion, plaintiff submitted a copy of his account transactions from 

the Department of Mental Health St. Louis Forensic Treatment Center. Doc. [4]. Because plaintiff 

is currently housed in a psychiatric center, the Court will not assess a filing fee.

Legal Standard on Initial Review

Under 28 U.S.C. § 1915(e)(2), the Court is required to dismiss a complaint filed in forma

pauperis if it is frivolous, malicious, or fails to state a claim upon which relief may be granted. An 

action is frivolous if it “lacks an arguable basis in either law or fact.” Neitzke v. Williams, 490 U.S. 

319, 328 (1989). An action fails to state a claim upon which relief may be granted if it does not 

plead “enough facts to state a claim to relief that is plausible on its face.” Bell Atlantic Corp. v. 

Twombly, 550 U.S. 544, 570 (2007). 

“A claim has facial plausibility when the plaintiff pleads factual content that allows the 

court to draw the reasonable inference that the defendant is liable for the misconduct alleged.” 

Ashcroft v. Iqbal, 556 U.S. 662, 678 (2009). Determining whether a complaint states a plausible 

claim for relief is a context-specific task that requires the reviewing court to draw upon judicial 

experience and common sense. Id. at 679. The court must assume the veracity of well-pleaded 

facts but need not accept as true “[t]hreadbare recitals of the elements of a cause of action, 

supported by mere conclusory statements.” Id. at 678 (citing Twombly, 550 U.S. at 555).

This Court must liberally construe complaints filed by laypeople. Estelle v. Gamble, 429 

U.S. 97, 106 (1976). This means that “if the essence of an allegation is discernible,” the court 

should “construe the complaint in a way that permits the layperson’s claim to be considered within 

the proper legal framework.” Solomon v. Petray, 795 F.3d 777, 787 (8th Cir. 2015) (quoting Stone 

v. Harry, 364 F.3d 912, 914 (8th Cir. 2004)). However, even self-represented complaints must 

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allege facts which, if true, state a claim for relief as a matter of law. Martin v. Aubuchon, 623 F.2d 

1282, 1286 (8th Cir. 1980). Federal courts are not required to assume facts that are not alleged, 

Stone, 364 F.3d at 914-15, nor are they required to interpret procedural rules in order to excuse 

mistakes by those who proceed without counsel. See McNeil v. United States, 508 U.S. 106, 113 

(1993). 

The Complaint

Plaintiff brings this action on a Court-provided ‘Prisoner Civil Rights Complaint’ form 

pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 1983. Doc. [1]. Plaintiff’s allegations are against four employees of the

Texas Department of Corrections: (1) Unknown Badger (Correctional Officer); (2) Unknown Dean 

(Correctional Officer); Unknown Sonnier (Correctional Office); and (4) Yolanda Barlow (Office 

Worker). All defendants are sued in their individual capacities.

Plaintiff alleges that he was incarcerated at the Gib Lewis Prison in Woodville, Texas, in 

2020. He claims that he was given a twenty-four-month sentence and that the prison kept him an 

extra seventy-two (72) days over his sentence. Plaintiff seeks reimbursement of $100 per day for 

each day he was kept over his sentence. 

Discussion

“[T]here is a clearly established right to timely release from prison.” Porter v. Epps, 659 

F.3d 440, 445 (5th Cir. 2011)). And detention beyond an authorized term (or over-detention) 

constitutes a deprivation of a prisoner's due process rights actionable under 42 § 1983. Id.; see also

Douthit v. Jones, 619 F.2d 527, 532 (5th Cir.1980). The Fifth Circuit explained in Whirl v. Kern,

that “[w]hile not a surety for the legal correctness of a prisoner's commitment, [a jailer] is most 

certainly under an obligation, often statutory, to carry out the functions of his office. Those 

functions include not only the duty to protect a prisoner, but also the duty to effect [sic] his timely 

release.” 407 F.2d 781, 792 (5th Cir.1969) (internal citations and footnote omitted). This obligation 

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was affirmed by the Fifth Circuit in Bryan v. Jones, 530 F.2d 1210, 1212-13 (5th Cir.1976) (en 

banc), a case in which a prisoner filed suit for damages under § 1983 for false imprisonment after 

he was held in prison for an additional month because the records were not updated to reflect his 

release notice. 

Plaintiff’s claims arise entirely from events that occurred during his incarceration in Gib 

Lewis Prison in Woodville, Texas, which is located in the United States District Court for the 

Eastern District of Texas, Tyler Division. See 28 U.S.C. § 124(c)(1). Under 28 U.S.C. § 1391(b), 

an action of this type may be brought only in: “(1) a judicial district in which any defendant resides, 

if all defendants are residents of the State in which the district is located; (2) a judicial district in 

which a substantial part of the events or omissions giving rise to the claim occurred, or a substantial 

part of property that is subject of the action is situated; or (3) if there is no district in which an 

action may otherwise be brought as provided in this section, any judicial district in which any 

defendant is subject to the court’s personal jurisdiction with respect to such action.”

Because the events or omissions giving rise to plaintiff’s claims occurred in the Eastern

District of Texas, Tyler Division, venue is proper there. Under 28 U.S.C. § 1406(a), “[t]he district 

court of a district in which is filed a case laying venue in the wrong division or district shall dismiss, 

or if it be in the interest of justice, transfer such case to any district or division in which it could 

have been brought.” Here, the Court concludes that it is in the interest of justice to transfer this 

case to the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Texas, Tyler Division. 

Motion for Appointment of Counsel

Plaintiff has filed a motion to appoint counsel. Doc. [3]. In civil cases, a self-represented 

litigant does not have a constitutional or statutory right to appointed counsel. Ward v. Smith, 721 

F.3d 940, 942 (8th Cir. 2013). See also Stevens v. Redwing, 146 F.3d 538, 546 (8th Cir. 1998) 

(stating that “[a] pro se litigant has no statutory or constitutional right to have counsel appointed 

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in a civil case”). Rather, a district court may appoint counsel in a civil case if the court is 

“convinced that an indigent plaintiff has stated a non-frivolous claim . . . and where the nature of 

the litigation is such that plaintiff as well as the court will benefit from the assistance of counsel.” 

Patterson v. Kelley, 902 F.3d 845, 850 (8th Cir. 2018). When determining whether to appoint 

counsel for an indigent litigant, a court considers relevant factors such as the complexity of the 

case, the ability of the pro se litigant to investigate the facts, the existence of conflicting testimony, 

and the ability of the pro se litigant to present his or her claim. Phillips v. Jasper Cty. Jail, 437 

F.3d 791, 794 (8th Cir. 2006). 

After reviewing these factors, the Court finds that the appointment of counsel is not 

warranted at this time. This case appears to involve straightforward factual and legal issues, and 

there is no indication that plaintiff cannot investigate the facts and present his claims to the Court. 

Plaintiff may, of course, renew his motion for appointment of counsel as the case progresses in the 

United States District Court for the Eastern District of Texas, Tyler Division. 

 Accordingly, 

IT IS HEREBY ORDERED that plaintiff’s motion to proceed in forma pauperis, Doc. 

[2], is GRANTED. Because plaintiff is a civil detainee, no filing fee shall be assessed.

IT IS HEREBY ORDERED that the Clerk of Court shall TRANSFER this case to the 

United States District Court for the Eastern District of Texas, Tyler Division. See 28 U.S.C. § 

1406(a). 

IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that plaintiff’s motion for appointment of counsel, Doc.

[3], is DISMISSED without prejudice. 

Dated this 12th day of September, 2023. 

MATTHEW T. SCHELP

UNITED STATES DISTRICT JUDGE

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