[Federal Register Volume 87, Number 98 (Friday, May 20, 2022)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 30821-30828]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2022-10820]


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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

40 CFR Parts 52 and 81

[EPA-R05-OAR-2020-0743; EPA-R05-OAR-2021-0886; EPA-R05-OAR-2022-0123; 
FRL-9567-01-R5]


Air Plan Approval; Indiana; Redesignation of the Indiana Portion 
of the Chicago-Naperville Area to Attainment of the 2008 Ozone 
Standard, NOX RACT Waiver, and Serious Plan Elements

AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

ACTION: Final rule.

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SUMMARY: The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) finds that the 
Indiana portion of the Chicago-Naperville, IL-IN-WI area (Chicago area) 
is attaining the 2008 ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standard 
(NAAQS or standard). In addition, in response to a December 6, 2021, 
request from the Indiana Department of Environmental Management 
(Indiana or the State), EPA is redesignating the Indiana portion of the 
Chicago area to attainment for the 2008 ozone NAAQS, because the State 
has met the statutory requirements for redesignation under the Clean 
Air Act (CAA). EPA is approving, as a revision to the Indiana State 
Implementation Plan (SIP), the State's plan for maintaining the 2008 
ozone NAAQS through 2035 for the Indiana portion of the Chicago area. 
EPA is also approving a waiver, for the Indiana portion of the Chicago 
area, from the oxides of nitrogen (NO<INF>X</INF>) requirements of the 
CAA. EPA finds adequate and is approving Indiana's 2030 and 2035 
volatile organic compound (VOC) and NO<INF>X</INF> motor vehicle 
emission budgets (budgets) for the Indiana portion of the Chicago area. 
Finally, EPA is approving the VOC reasonably available control 
technology (RACT), clean-fuel vehicle programs (CFVP), enhanced 
monitoring of ozone and ozone precursors (EMP), and enhanced motor 
vehicle Inspection/Maintenance (I/M) SIP revisions. These SIP revisions 
satisfy the above requirements for a nonattainment area that is 
classified as a ``Serious area'' for the Indiana portion of the Chicago 
area under the 2008 ozone NAAQS. EPA proposed to approve this action on 
March 3, 2022, and received adverse comments from one commentor.

DATES: This final rule is effective on May 20, 2022.

ADDRESSES: EPA has established dockets for this action under Docket ID 
No. EPA-R05-OAR-2020-0743 (regarding the serious area elements), EPA-
R05-

[[Page 30822]]

OAR-2021-0886 (regarding the redesignation), or EPA-R05-OAR-2022-0123 
(regarding the NO<INF>X</INF> RACT waiver). All documents in the 
dockets are listed on the https://www.regulations.gov website. Although 
listed in the index, some information is not publicly available, i.e., 
Confidential Business Information (CBI) or other information whose 
disclosure is restricted by statute. Certain other material, such as 
copyrighted material, is not placed on the internet and will be 
publicly available only in hard copy form. Publicly available docket 
materials are available either through www.regulations.gov or at the 
Environmental Protection Agency, Region 5, Air and Radiation Division, 
77 West Jackson Boulevard, Chicago, Illinois 60604. This facility is 
open from 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m., Monday through Friday, excluding 
Federal holidays and facility closures due to COVID-19. We recommend 
that you telephone Katie Mullen, Environmental Engineer, at (312) 312-
353-3490 before visiting the Region 5 office.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Katie Mullen, Environmental Engineer, 
Attainment Planning and Maintenance Section, Air Programs Branch 
(AR18J), Environmental Protection Agency, Region 5, 77 West Jackson 
Boulevard, Chicago, Illinois 60604, (312) 353-3490, 
<a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#a7ead2cbcbc2c989ecc6d3cfcbc2c2c9e7c2d7c689c0c8d1"><span class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="723f071e1e171c5c3913061a1e17171c321702135c151d04">[email protected]</span></a>.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Throughout this document whenever ``we,'' 
``us,'' or ``our'' is used, we mean EPA.

I. Background Information

    On March 3, 2022 (87 FR 12033), EPA proposed to determine that the 
Indiana portion of the Chicago-Naperville, IL-IN-WI area is attaining 
the 2008 ozone NAAQS, and that the State has met the statutory 
requirements for redesignation under the CAA. EPA proposed to approve, 
as a revision to the Indiana SIP, the State's plan for maintaining the 
2008 ozone NAAQS through 2035 for the Indiana portion. EPA also 
proposed to approve a waiver, for the Indiana portion of the Chicago 
area, from the NO<INF>X</INF> requirements of section 182(f) of the 
CAA. EPA proposed to approve and find adequate Indiana's 2030 and 2035 
VOC and NO<INF>X</INF> motor vehicle emissions budgets for the Indiana 
portion of the Chicago area. EPA proposed to approve the VOC RACT, the 
CFVP, and the EMP. Finally, EPA proposed to approve the State's 
enhanced I/M certification, because it satisfies the enhanced I/M 
requirements for ``serious areas'' for the Indiana portion of the 
Chicago area. The public comment period for this proposed rule ended on 
April 4, 2022. EPA received one supportive comment on the proposed 
redesignation. EPA also received adverse comments on the proposal from 
the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (WDNR). These comments 
will be addressed below.
    On April 8, 2022, Indiana submitted new on-road emissions inventory 
information, which the State generated using EPA's MOVES3 model. 
Indiana requested that the new MOVES3 inventory information should 
replace the MOVES2014 emissions inventory, motor vehicle emissions 
budgets, and I/M performance standard modeling analysis that were 
included in the State's December 6, 2021 submission. MOVES3 is the 
latest MOVES version and is EPA's state-of-the-art model for estimating 
emissions from on-road mobile sources.\1\ Consistent with our proposal 
based on the MOVES2014 modeling, the projected emissions inventory for 
2035 incorporating the updated MOVES3 budgets demonstrates maintenance 
of the 2008 ozone NAAQS through the 2035 maintenance period. The MOVES3 
I/M performance standard demonstration is consistent with the findings 
in EPA's proposal and supports Indiana's certification that its current 
I/M program in Lake and Porter counties meets the applicable Enhanced 
I/M performance standard requirements in 40 CFR part 51, subpart S for 
the 2008 ozone NAAQS. With this additional MOVES3 information, EPA has 
determined that the Indiana portion of the Chicago area has met the 
requirements for redesignation under section 107(d)(3)(E) of the CAA.
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    \1\ https://nepis.epa.gov/Exe/ZyPDF.cgi?Dockey=P1010LXH.pdf.
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    Below are the revised emissions data tables that contain the new 
on-road emissions inventory information from MOVES3. Tables 1 and 2 
contain emissions with changes in VOC and NO<INF>X</INF> emissions from 
2011 to 2019 for the Indiana portion of the Chicago area.

 Table 1--Emissions Reduction of NOX Emissions for the Illinois, Indiana, and Wisconsin Portions of the Chicago
                                          Nonattainment Area 2011-2019
                                                   [Tons/day]
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                       2011            2019
                             Sector                                nonattainment    Attainment       Emissions
                                                                       year            year          reduction
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Illinois:
    EGU Point...................................................           67.41           35.23           32.18
    Non-EGU.....................................................           52.58           47.55            5.03
    Area........................................................           32.03           34.63            -2.6
    On-Road.....................................................          285.34          134.38          150.96
    Non-road....................................................          176.60          121.63           54.97
    Total.......................................................          613.96          373.42          240.54
Indiana:
    EGU Point...................................................           24.04            4.29           19.75
    Non-EGU.....................................................           70.77           59.91           10.86
    Area........................................................            9.39            0.91            8.48
    On-road.....................................................           31.55            9.48           22.07
    Non-road....................................................           15.84           13.43            2.41
    Total.......................................................          151.59           88.02           63.57
Wisconsin:
    EGU Point...................................................            8.71            0.00            8.71
    Non-EGU.....................................................            0.09            0.08            0.01
    Area........................................................            1.20            1.13            0.07
    On-Road.....................................................            4.82            1.81            3.01

[[Page 30823]]

 
    Non-road....................................................            2.25            1.64            0.61
    Total.......................................................           17.07            4.66           12.41
Chicago-Naperville, IL-IN-WI 2008 ozone area:
    Illinois....................................................          613.96          373.42          240.54
    Indiana.....................................................          151.59           88.02           63.57
    Wisconsin...................................................           17.07            4.66           12.41
    Total.......................................................          782.62           466.1          316.52
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


 Table 2--Emissions Reduction of VOC Emissions for the Illinois, Indiana, and Wisconsin Portions of the Chicago
                                          Nonattainment Area 2011-2019
                                                   [Tons/day]
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                                     Emissions
                             Sector                                    2011            2019          reduction
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Illinois:
    EGU Point...................................................            0.62            0.97           -0.35
    Non-EGU.....................................................           47.63           45.35            2.28
    Area........................................................          215.14          232.00          -16.86
    On-Road.....................................................           72.43           66.45            5.98
    Non-road....................................................          101.83           67.67           34.16
    Total.......................................................          437.65          412.44           25.21
Indiana:
    EGU Point...................................................            0.54            0.47            0.07
    Non-EGU.....................................................           17.22           10.83            6.39
    Area........................................................           18.26           17.00            1.26
    On-road.....................................................            7.60            3.51            4.09
    Non-road....................................................           21.43            5.53           15.90
    Total.......................................................           65.05           37.34           27.71
Wisconsin:
    EGU Point...................................................            0.38            0.00            0.38
    Non-EGU.....................................................            0.24            0.19            0.05
    Area........................................................            4.10            3.58            0.52
    On-Road.....................................................            1.90            0.89            1.01
    Non-road....................................................            1.14            0.70            0.44
    Total.......................................................            7.76            5.36            2.40
Chicago-Naperville, IL-IN-WI 2008 ozone area:
    Illinois....................................................          437.65          412.44           25.21
    Indiana.....................................................           65.05           37.34           27.71
    Wisconsin...................................................            7.76            5.36            2.40
    Total.......................................................          510.46          455.14           55.32
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    As shown in Tables 1 and 2, NO<INF>X</INF> and VOC emissions in the 
Indiana portion of the Chicago area declined by 63.57 tons/day and 
27.71 tons/day, respectively, between 2011 and 2019. NO<INF>X</INF> and 
VOC emissions throughout the entire Chicago area declined by 316.52 
tons/day and 55.32 tons/day, respectively, between 2011 and 2019.
    Projected emissions data are shown in Tables 3 and 4 below.

 Table 3--Projected Emissions of NOX Emissions for the Illinois, Indiana, and Wisconsin Portions of the Chicago
                                        Nonattainment Area 2030 and 2035
                                                   [Tons/day]
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       2019                            2035          Emissions
                     Sector                         Attainment     2030 Interim     Maintenance   reduction 2019-
                                                       year            year            year            2035
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Illinois:
    EGU Point...................................           35.23           43.59           40.97           -5.74
    Non-EGU.....................................           47.55           48.56           49.28           -1.73
    Area........................................           34.63           34.97           35.04           -0.41
    On-Road.....................................          134.38           55.94           48.81           85.57
    Non-road....................................          121.63          106.80          108.27           13.36
    Total.......................................          373.42          289.86          282.37           91.05
Indiana:

[[Page 30824]]

 
    EGU Point...................................            4.29            1.44            0.42            3.87
    Non-EGU.....................................           59.91           60.79           61.51           -1.60
    Area........................................            0.91            0.88            0.87            0.04
    On-road.....................................            9.48            4.55            4.77            4.71
    Non-road....................................           13.43           10.25            8.49            4.94
    Total.......................................           88.02           77.91           76.06           11.96
Wisconsin:
    EGU Point...................................            0.00            0.00            0.00            0.00
    Non-EGU.....................................            0.08            0.12            0.12           -0.04
    Area........................................            1.13            0.95            0.96            0.17
    On-Road.....................................            1.81            0.85            0.75            1.06
    Non-road....................................            1.64            1.21            1.21            0.43
    Total.......................................            4.66            3.13            3.04            1.62
Chicago-Naperville, IL-IN-WI 2008 ozone area:
    Illinois....................................          373.42          289.86          282.37           91.05
    Indiana.....................................           88.02           77.91           76.06           11.96
    Wisconsin...................................            4.66            3.13            3.04            1.62
    Total.......................................           466.1           370.9          361.47          104.63
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


 Table 4--Projected Emissions of VOC Emissions for the Illinois, Indiana, and Wisconsin Portions of the Chicago
                                        Nonattainment Area 2030 and 2035
                                                   [Tons/day]
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       2019                            2035          Emissions
                     Sector                         Attainment     2030 Interim     Maintenance   reduction 2019-
                                                       year            year            year            2035
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Illinois:
    EGU Point...................................            0.97            2.52            2.80           -1.83
    Non-EGU.....................................           45.35           44.71           44.54            0.81
    Area........................................          232.00          225.11          225.11            6.89
    On-Road.....................................           66.45           37.42           34.27           32.18
    Non-road....................................           67.67           66.41           67.37            0.30
    Total.......................................          412.44          376.17          374.09           38.35
Indiana:
    EGU Point...................................            0.47            0.56            0.67           -0.20
    Non-EGU.....................................           10.83           10.84           10.90           -0.07
    Area........................................           17.00           17.58           17.85           -0.85
    On-road.....................................            3.51            2.03            1.82            1.69
    Non-road....................................            5.53            4.80            4.35            1.18
    Total.......................................           37.34           35.81           35.59            1.75
Wisconsin:
    EGU Point...................................            0.00            0.00            0.00            0.00
    Non-EGU.....................................            0.19            0.26            0.26           -0.07
    Area........................................            3.58            3.49            3.56            0.02
    On-Road.....................................            0.89            0.54            0.47            0.42
    Non-road....................................            0.70            0.63            0.62            0.08
    Total.......................................            5.36            4.92            4.91            0.45
Chicago-Naperville, IL-IN-WI 2008 ozone area:
    Illinois....................................          412.44          376.17          374.09           38.35
    Indiana.....................................           37.34           35.81           35.59            1.75
    Wisconsin...................................            5.36            4.92            4.91            0.45
    Total.......................................          455.14           416.9          414.59           40.55
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Table 5 contains the NOx and VOC motor vehicle budgets for the 
Indiana portion of the Chicago area for 2030 and 2035. The budgets 
include a 15% margin of safety applied to NO<INF>X</INF> and VOC 
emission estimates for both years.

[[Page 30825]]



 Table 5--Motor Vehicle Emissions Budgets for the Indiana Portion of the
                Chicago Area 2008 Ozone Maintenance Plan
                               [Tons/day]
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                Pollutant                   2030 Budget     2035 Budget
------------------------------------------------------------------------
NOX.....................................            5.23            5.49
VOC.....................................            2.33            2.09
------------------------------------------------------------------------

III. Public Comments

    EPA provided a 30-day review and comment period for the March 3, 
2022, proposed rule. The comment period ended on April 4, 2022. We 
received one supportive comment on the proposed redesignation. We also 
received adverse comments from WDNR requesting that EPA not approve the 
NO<INF>X</INF> RACT waiver. These comments are summarized and addressed 
below.
    Comment 1: A NO<INF>X</INF> RACT program was required for the 
three-state Chicago-Naperville 2008 ozone nonattainment area by January 
1, 2017, after the area was reclassified to moderate. In response to 
this requirement, Indiana submitted several NO<INF>X</INF> RACT waiver 
requests: The first in February 2017, the second in January 2020, and 
the third in January 2022. The Chicago nonattainment area did not 
attain the 2008 ozone standard in the 2019 ozone season and was 
reclassified to serious in August 2019. The Chicago nonattainment area 
briefly attained after the 2019 ozone season, but then violated the 
standard in 2020. The commenter states that this action is in response 
to Indiana's third NO<INF>X</INF> waiver request, which was submitted 
in January 2022. The commenter argues that EPA's delayed decision-
making means Indiana is now 5 years overdue in implementing the CAA 
required NO<INF>X</INF> RACT program.
    Response: CAA section 182(f)(1)(A) provides that the plan 
provisions to address RACT for major stationary sources of 
NO<INF>X</INF> for nonattainment areas not within an ozone transport 
region do not apply if EPA determines ``that additional reductions of 
[NO<INF>X</INF>] would not contribute to attainment of the national 
ambient air quality standard for ozone in the area.'' The Chicago area 
is attaining the 2008 ozone NAAQS, based on the most recent certified 
monitoring data from the 2019-2021 period. It is EPA's longstanding 
interpretation, as stated in EPA's January 2005 document, ``Guidance on 
Limiting Nitrogen Oxides Requirements Related to 8-Hour Ozone 
Implementation,'' that when an ozone nonattainment area is attaining 
the ozone standard, as demonstrated by three consecutive years of 
adequate monitoring data, ``it is clear that the section 182(f)[(1)(A)] 
language is met since `additional reductions of oxides of nitrogen 
would not contribute to attainment.' That is, since attainment has 
already occurred, additional NO<INF>X</INF> reductions could not 
improve the area's attainment status and, therefore, the NO<INF>X</INF> 
exemption request could be approved.''
    EPA never acted on the waiver request submitted in February 2017 
and, the waiver was withdrawn by IDEM in January 2020. Also, EPA never 
acted on the waiver request submitted in January 2020 and, that waiver 
was withdrawn by IDEM in November 2021. The NO<INF>X</INF> RACT waiver 
under consideration in this action was submitted by IDEM in January 
2022 and is based on CAA section 182(f)(1)(A). This waiver can be 
approved because the area qualifies for the NO<INF>X</INF> RACT waiver 
due to the achievement of three years of clean monitoring data.
    Comment 2: The implementation of NO<INF>X</INF> RACT is a cost-
effective way to address ozone-forming compounds from stationary 
sources and NO<INF>X</INF> RACT technologies are widely available. 
Wisconsin has a fully approved NO<INF>X</INF> RACT program and Illinois 
implements a NO<INF>X</INF> emissions control program. Given this 
information, the commenter argues that there are no barriers in 
preventing the implementation of a NO<INF>X</INF> RACT program in 
Indiana.
    Response: The Chicago area is attaining the 2008 ozone NAAQS, based 
on the most recent certified monitoring data from the 2019-2021 period. 
EPA is finalizing our approval of the NO<INF>X</INF> RACT waiver 
because as per the discussion above regarding the CAA section 
182(f)(1)(A) the area qualifies for the NO<INF>X</INF> RACT waiver due 
to the achievement of three years of clean monitoring data. The fact 
that other states (Wisconsin and Illinois) have implemented 
NO<INF>X</INF> controls on stationary sources has no bearing on the 
availability of this waiver under the CAA.
    Comment 3: The Chicago nonattainment area continues to struggle to 
meet Federal ozone standards. The Chicago area has failed to meet its 
August 3, 2021, marginal attainment date for the more stringent 2015 
ozone standard. The commenter further states that EPA is overdue in 
meeting its statutory obligation to reclassify this area to moderate 
for the 2015 standard, which was due within 6 months of that attainment 
date. When this reclassification to moderate under the 2015 ozone 
standard is finalized, Indiana will be required to submit a 
NO<INF>X</INF> RACT program under the CAA. Given this forthcoming 
NO<INF>X</INF> RACT requirement, the commenter argues EPA's proposed 
approval to waive an emissions control requirement that will soon be 
reinstated by statute should not be granted.
    Response: In this action, EPA is granting a NO<INF>X</INF> RACT 
waiver only for the 2008 ozone standard based on three years of clean 
monitoring data for that standard. A CAA section 182(f) NO<INF>X</INF> 
exemption granted for the 2008 ozone standard does not relieve the area 
from any CAA section 182(f) NO<INF>X</INF> obligations under the 2015 
ozone NAAQS (see 40 CFR 51.1313(c)). Therefore, a potential future 
reclassification of the Chicago area under the 2015 ozone standard does 
not prevent EPA from approving the NO<INF>X</INF> RACT waiver for the 
2008 ozone standard.
    Comment 4: The CAA does not compel EPA to grant this waiver request 
and that the approval of the NO<INF>X</INF> waiver relies on EPA's 2005 
guidance. In EPA's 2005 guidance, EPA cautions that actions relying on 
the guidance might not be approvable in every situation. The commenter 
requests that EPA explain how it is appropriate to apply that guidance 
when the Chicago area remains in nonattainment for ozone and needs 
additional NO<INF>X</INF> emissions reductions in the area to meet all 
of the ozone standards.
    Response: The Chicago area is attaining the 2008 ozone NAAQS, based 
on the most recent certified monitoring data from the 2019-2021 period. 
In this action, EPA is granting a NO<INF>X</INF> RACT waiver only for 
the 2008 ozone standard because, as per the discussion above regarding 
the CAA section 182(f)(1)(A) and EPA's January 2005 document, the area 
qualifies for the NO<INF>X</INF> RACT waiver due to the achievement of 
three years of clean monitoring data. A CAA section 182(f) 
NO<INF>X</INF> exemption granted for the 2008 standard does not relieve 
the area

[[Page 30826]]

from any CAA section 182(f) NO<INF>X</INF> obligations under the 2015 
ozone NAAQS (see 40 CFR 51.1313(c)). Therefore, approval of a 
NO<INF>X</INF> RACT waiver only as it applies to the 2008 ozone NAAQS 
is appropriate.
    Comment 5: EPA's recently released ozone transport modeling for the 
2015 standard shows that Indiana significantly contributes to downwind 
nonattainment at several monitors along Wisconsin's Lake Michigan 
shoreline. Also, both the Sheboygan and Chicago nonattainment areas 
will continue to be nonattainment for the 2015 ozone standard in 2032 
based on EPA's ozone transport modeling. Given these modeling results, 
the commenter states that additional, timely reductions in ozone 
precursor emissions, including NO<INF>X,</INF> are needed to ensure 
attainment of the 2015 ozone standard throughout the region.
    Response: The Chicago area is attaining the 2008 ozone NAAQS, based 
on the most recent certified monitoring data from the 2019-2021 period. 
In this action, EPA is finalizing our approval of the NO<INF>X</INF> 
RACT waiver only for the 2008 ozone standard because, as discussed 
above regarding the CAA section 182(f)(1)(A), the area qualifies for 
the NO<INF>X</INF> RACT waiver based on three years of clean monitoring 
data and EPA's modeling indicates that the Chicago area will continue 
to attain the 2008 NAAQS in the future. In this regard, further 
NO<INF>X</INF> reductions will not improve the area's ability to attain 
the 2008 ozone standard. In contrast, EPA's ozone transport modeling 
indicates that, barring further emissions reductions, this area will 
continue to have difficulty attaining or maintaining the 2015 NAAQS in 
2024 (the Moderate Area attainment date for the 2015 NAAQS) and beyond. 
CAA section 182(f) NO<INF>X</INF> exemption granted for a prior ozone 
standard (in this case the 2008 standard) does not relieve the area 
from any CAA section 182(f) NO<INF>X</INF> obligations under the 2015 
ozone NAAQS (see 40 CFR 51.1313(c)). If finalized, EPA's determination 
that the Chicago area failed to attain the 2015 ozone NAAQS by the 
attainment date and accompanying reclassification to Moderate would 
impose the CAA's NO<INF>X</INF> RACT requirements for the 2015 ozone 
standard.

IV. Final Action

    EPA is determining that the Chicago area is attaining the 2008 
ozone NAAQS, based on quality-assured and certified monitoring data for 
2019-2021. EPA is approving Indiana's January 18, 2022, NO<INF>X</INF> 
exemption request as meeting section 182(f) requirements of the CAA. 
EPA is approving the VOC RACT, CFVP, EMP, and Enhanced I/M program SIP 
revisions included in Indiana's December 29, 2020, and January 18, 
2022, submittals, because they satisfy the Serious requirements of the 
CAA for the Indiana portion of the Chicago area. EPA has determined 
that the Indiana portion of the Chicago area has met the requirements 
for redesignation under section 107(d)(3)(E) of the CAA. EPA is thus 
changing the legal designation of the Indiana portion of the Chicago-
Naperville, IL-IN-WI area from nonattainment to attainment for the 2008 
ozone NAAQS. EPA is also approving, as a revision to the Indiana SIP, 
the state's maintenance plan for the area. The maintenance plan is 
designed to keep the Indiana portion of the Chicago area in attainment 
of the 2008 ozone NAAQS through 2035. Finally, EPA is finding adequate 
and is approving the newly established 2030 and 2035 motor vehicle 
emissions budgets for transportation conformity purposes in the Indiana 
portion of the Chicago area.
    In accordance with 5 U.S.C. 553(d) of the Administrative Procedure 
Act (APA), EPA finds there is good cause for this action to become 
effective immediately upon publication. The immediate effective date 
for this action is authorized under 5 U.S.C. 553(d)(1).
    Section 553(d)(1) of the APA provides that final rules shall not 
become effective until 30 days after publication in the Federal 
Register ``except . . . a substantive rule which grants or recognizes 
an exemption or relieves a restriction.'' The purpose of this provision 
is to ``give affected parties a reasonable time to adjust their 
behavior before the final rule takes effect.'' Omnipoint Corp. v. Fed. 
Commc'n Comm'n, 78 F.3d 620, 630 (D.C. Cir. 1996); see also United 
States v. Gavrilovic, 551 F.2d 1099, 1104 (8th Cir. 1977) (quoting 
legislative history). However, when the agency grants or recognizes an 
exemption or relieves a restriction, affected parties do not need a 
reasonable time to adjust because the effect is not adverse. EPA has 
determined that this rule relieves a restriction because this rule 
relieves sources in the area of Nonattainment New Source Review (NNSR) 
permitting requirements; instead, upon the effective date of this 
action, sources will be subject to less restrictive Prevention of 
Significant Deterioration (PSD) permitting requirements. For this 
reason, EPA finds good cause under 5 U.S.C. 553(d)(1) for this action 
to become effective on the date of publication of this action.

V. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews

    Under the CAA, redesignation of an area to attainment and the 
accompanying approval of a maintenance plan under section 107(d)(3)(E) 
are actions that affect the status of a geographical area and do not 
impose any additional regulatory requirements on sources beyond those 
imposed by state law. A redesignation to attainment does not in and of 
itself create any new requirements, but rather results in the 
applicability of requirements contained in the CAA for areas that have 
been redesignated to attainment. Moreover, the Administrator is 
required to approve a SIP submission that complies with the provisions 
of the CAA and applicable Federal regulations. 42 U.S.C. 7410(k); 40 
CFR 52.02(a). Thus, in reviewing SIP submissions, EPA's role is to 
approve state choices, provided they meet the criteria of the CAA. 
Accordingly, this action merely approves state law as meeting Federal 
requirements and does not impose additional requirements beyond those 
imposed by state law. For these reasons, this action:
    <bullet> Is not a significant regulatory action subject to review 
by the Office of Management and Budget under Executive Orders 12866 (58 
FR 51735, October 4, 1993) and 13563 (76 FR 3821, January 21, 2011);
    <bullet> Does not impose an information collection burden under the 
provisions of the Paperwork Reduction Act (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.);
    <bullet> Is certified as not having a significant economic impact 
on a substantial number of small entities under the Regulatory 
Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601 et seq.);
    <bullet> Does not contain any unfunded mandate or significantly or 
uniquely affect small governments, as described in the Unfunded 
Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (Pub. L. 104-4);
    <bullet> Does not have federalism implications as specified in 
Executive Order 13132 (64 FR 43255, August 10, 1999);
    <bullet> Is not an economically significant regulatory action based 
on health or safety risks subject to Executive Order 13045 (62 FR 
19885, April 23, 1997);
    <bullet> Is not a significant regulatory action subject to 
Executive Order 13211 (66 FR 28355, May 22, 2001);
    <bullet> Is not subject to requirements of Section 12(d) of the 
National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act of 1995 (15 U.S.C. 272 
note) because application of those requirements would be inconsistent 
with the CAA; and
    <bullet> Does not provide EPA with the discretionary authority to 
address, as

[[Page 30827]]

appropriate, disproportionate human health or environmental effects, 
using practicable and legally permissible methods, under Executive 
Order 12898 (59 FR 7629, February 16, 1994).
    In addition, the SIP is not approved to apply on any Indian 
reservation land or in any other area where EPA or an Indian tribe has 
demonstrated that a tribe has jurisdiction. In those areas of Indian 
country, the rule does not have tribal implications and will not impose 
substantial direct costs on tribal governments or preempt tribal law as 
specified by Executive Order 13175 (65 FR 67249, November 9, 2000).
    This action is subject to the Congressional Review Act, and EPA 
will submit a rule report to each House of the Congress and to the 
Comptroller General of the United States. This action is not a ``major 
rule'' as defined by 5 U.S.C. 804(2).
    Under section 307(b)(1) of the CAA, petitions for judicial review 
of this action must be filed in the United States Court of Appeals for 
the appropriate circuit by July 19, 2022. Filing a petition for 
reconsideration by the Administrator of this final rule does not affect 
the finality of this action for the purposes of judicial review nor 
does it extend the time within which a petition for judicial review may 
be filed, and shall not postpone the effectiveness of such rule or 
action. This action may not be challenged later in proceedings to 
enforce its requirements. (See section 307(b)(2).)

List of Subjects

40 CFR Part 52

    Environmental protection, Air pollution control, Incorporation by 
reference, Intergovernmental relations, Oxides of nitrogen, Ozone, 
Volatile organic compounds.

40 CFR Part 81

    Environmental protection, Air pollution control, National parks, 
Wilderness areas.

    Dated: May 16, 2022.
Debra Shore,
Regional Administrator, Region 5.

    For the reasons stated in the preamble, 40 CFR parts 52 and 81 are 
amended as follows:

PART 52--APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF IMPLEMENTATION PLANS

0
1. The authority citation for part 52 continues to read as follows:

    Authority:  42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.

0
2. In Sec.  52.770, the table in paragraph (e) is amended by adding 
entries for ``Lake and Porter Counties 2008 8-hour Ozone Serious 
Planning Elements'', ``Lake and Porter Counties 2008 8-hour Ozone 
NO<INF>X</INF> RACT Waiver'', and ``Lake and Porter Counties 2008 8-
hour Ozone Maintenance Plan'' immediately following the entry for 
``Lake and Porter Counties 2008 8-hour Ozone Negative Declarations'' to 
read as follows:


Sec.  52.770   Identification of plan.

* * * * *
    (e) * * *

                       EPA-Approved Indiana Nonregulatory and Quasi-Regulatory Provisions
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                           Indiana
                 Title                       date            EPA approval                   Explanation
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                                  * * * * * * *
Lake and Porter Counties 2008 8-hour      12/29/2020  5/20/22, [INSERT FEDERAL    2030 and 2035 VOC and NOX
 Ozone Serious Planning Elements.                      REGISTER CITATION].         motor vehicle emissions
                                                                                   budgets, VOC RACT
                                                                                   certification, Enhanced Motor
                                                                                   Vehicle Inspection and
                                                                                   Maintenance Program
                                                                                   certification, clean-fuel
                                                                                   vehicle programs
                                                                                   certification, enhanced
                                                                                   monitoring of ozone and ozone
                                                                                   precursors certification.
Lake and Porter Counties 2008 8-hour       1/18/2022  5/20/22, [INSERT FEDERAL
 Ozone NOX RACT Waiver.                                REGISTER CITATION].
Lake and Porter Counties 2008 8-hour      12/06/2021  5/20/22, [INSERT FEDERAL
 Ozone Maintenance Plan.                               REGISTER CITATION].
 
                                                  * * * * * * *
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

* * * * *

PART 81--DESIGNATION OF AREAS FOR AIR QUALITY PLANNING PURPOSES

0
3. The authority citation for part 81 continues to read as follows:

    Authority:  42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.

0
4. Section 81.315 is amended by revising the entry ``Chicago-
Naperville, IL-IN-WI'' in the table entitled ``Indiana--2008 Ozone 
NAAQS [Primary and secondary]'' to read as follows:


Sec.  81.315   Indiana

* * * * *

                                            Indiana--2008 Ozone NAAQS
                                             [Primary and secondary]
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                 Designation                           Classification
         Designation area         ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                     Date \1\              Type              Date \1\             Type
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                                  * * * * * * *
Chicago-Naperville, IL-IN-WI \2\.      5/20/22  Attainment...............    9/23/2019  Serious.

[[Page 30828]]

 
    Lake County.
    Porter County.
 
                                                  * * * * * * *
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ This date is July 20, 2012, unless otherwise noted.
\2\ Excludes Indian country located in each area, unless otherwise noted.

* * * * *
[FR Doc. 2022-10820 Filed 5-19-22; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6560-50-P


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