Exhibit 2

Case 2:23-cv-00381-JRG-RSP Document 1-2 Filed 08/25/23 Page 1 of 24 PageID #: 31
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U.S. Patent No. 7,924,802 (“’802 Patent”)

Accused Instrumentalities: cellular base stations, mobile devices, and services that support 3GPP carrier aggregation, including without 

limitation Apple mobile devices, and all versions and variations thereof since the issuance of the asserted patent. 

Claim 1

Claim 1 Public Documentation

[1pre] A method of transmitting information in a wireless communication 

channel comprising:

To the extent the preamble is found to be limiting, the Accused Instrumentalities perform a method of transmitting information in a 

wireless communication channel.

For example, each Accused Instrumentality supports 3GPP carrier aggregation technologies for transmitting uplink and/or downlink 

information over LTE and/or NR wireless channels. Defendant’s base station suppliers Nokia and Ericsson both advertise the use of 

carrier aggregation technologies for transmitting wireless information. User equipment devices sold by and used on Defendant’s 

network, such as the Apple iPhone, support 3GPP carrier aggregation for transmitting wireless information.

See, e.g.:

5.2 Downlink

5.2.1 Downlink transmission scheme

A closed loop Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS) based spatial multiplexing is supported for Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH). Up to 8 and 12 orthogonal DL DMRS ports are supported for type 1 and type 2 DMRS respectively. Up to 8 orthogonal 

DL DMRS ports per UE are supported for SU MIMO and up to 4 orthogonal DL DMRS ports per UE are supported for MU-MIMO. 

The number of SU-MIMO code words is one for 1-4 layer transmissions and two for 5-8 layer transmissions.

The DMRS and corresponding PDSCH are transmitted using the same precoding matrix and the UE does not need to know the 

precoding matrix to demodulate the transmission. The transmitter may use different precoder matrix for different parts of the transmission bandwidth, resulting in frequency selective precoding. The UE may also assume that the same precoding matrix is used across 

a set of Physical Resource Blocks (PRBs) denoted Precoding Resource Block Group (PRG). 

Transmission durations from 2 to 14 symbols in a slot is supported.

Aggregation of multiple slots with Transport Block (TB) repetition is supported.

(3GPP TS 38.300 V17.4.0)

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5.4 Carrier aggregation

5.4.1 Carrier aggregation

In Carrier Aggregation (CA), two or more Component Carriers (CCs) are aggregated. A UE may simultaneously receive or transmit

on one or multiple CCs depending on its capabilities:

- A UE with single timing advance capability for CA can simultaneously receive and/or transmit on multiple CCs corresponding 

to multiple serving cells sharing the same timing advance (multiple serving cells grouped in one TAG);

- A UE with multiple timing advance capability for CA can simultaneously receive and/or transmit on multiple CCs corresponding to multiple serving cells with different timing advances (multiple serving cells grouped in multiple TAGs). NG-RAN 

ensures that each TAG contains at least one serving cell;

- A non-CA capable UE can receive on a single CC and transmit on a single CC corresponding to one serving cell only (one 

serving cell in one TAG).

CA is supported for both contiguous and non-contiguous CCs. When CA is deployed frame timing and SFN are aligned across cells 

that can be aggregated, or an offset in multiples of slots between the PCell/PSCell and an SCell is configured to the UE. The maximum 

number of configured CCs for a UE is 16 for DL and 16 for UL.

(3GPP TS 38.300 V17.4.0)

6.7 Carrier Aggregation

In case of CA, the multi-carrier nature of the physical layer is only exposed to the MAC layer for which one HARQ entity is required 

per serving cell as depicted on Figures 6.7-1 and 6.7-2 below:

- In both uplink and downlink, there is one independent hybrid-ARQ entity per serving cell and one transport block is generated 

per assignment/grant per serving cell in the absence of spatial multiplexing. Each transport block and its potential HARQ 

retransmissions are mapped to a single serving cell.

(3GPP TS 38.300 V17.4.0)

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Claim 1 Public Documentation

(3GPP TS 38.300 V17.4.0)

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Claim 1 Public Documentation

(3GPP TS 38.300 V17.4.0)

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Claim 1 Public Documentation

(https://www.nokia.com/about-us/newsroom/articles/5g-carrier-aggregation-explained/)

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Claim 1 Public Documentation

(https://www.nokia.com/about-us/newsroom/articles/5g-carrier-aggregation-explained/)

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Claim 1 Public Documentation

(https://www.nokia.com/about-us/newsroom/articles/5g-carrier-aggregation-explained/)

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SEE WHAT CARRIER AGGREGATION CAN DO FOR YOUR NETWORK

5G Carrier Aggregation -with Coverage Boost- powered by Advanced RAN Coordination is a versatile and blended solution for high-performing 5G networks. It is a game-changer for delivering extended coverage and increased network 

capacity while supporting

• Higher peak rates

• Flexible band combinations

• Intra and inter RAN Compute

• Both platforms, Ericsson Radio System and Cloud RAN

(https://www.ericsson.com/en/ran/carrier-aggregation) 

THE BIG FEATURE: ENHANCED 5G CARRIER AGGREGATION ON IPHONE 13

The Qualcomm X60 is the first 5G modem capable of combining different types of 5G signals together.

The additional 5G bands are actually not the biggest cellular change with the iPhone 13.

Assuming the speculation proves true and Apple is indeed using the Qualcomm X60 modem - the real key cellular feature of the iPhone 13 is support for enhanced 5G carrier aggregation.

In addition to being much more power efficient, the big jump between the X55 and X60 modems revolves around improved 5G 

carrier aggregation - allowing the modem to better combine multiple signals on different frequency bands.

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Claim 1 Public Documentation

To get deeper into the nitty gritty of why this is (and why we've encouraged many to consider waiting for the X60), see our 

featured story from June 2021:

5G Industry Update: 5G Routers, Hotspots & Antennas Are Here – But Should You Wait?

In a nutshell - the X60 is just more adept at combining long range and short range 5G signals.

For example, the X60 can combine super short range mmWave with longer range mid-band or low-band 5G, helping to compensate for mmWave's range limitations.

A more specific example: the X60 will allow T-Mobile's long-range low-band band n71 and super-fast mid-band n41 to be used 

by the modem simultaneously. This will give many T-Mobile customers the range of n71, without sacrificing the speed of n41.

And another example - Verizon or AT&T will be able to combine their upcoming C-Band deployments (n77) with their longer 

range Sub-6 GHz 5G signals in ways that the X55 is just not capable of.

(https://www.rvmobileinternet.com/apples-fall-2021-cellular-updates-new-iphone-13-modem-analysis-ipad-mini-goes5g/#The_Big_Feature_Enhanced_5G_Carrier_Aggregation_on_iPhone_13)

[1a] transmitting first information across 

a first frequency range using a wireless 

transmitter, the first frequency range having a first center frequency, a first highest 

frequency, and a first lowest frequency; 

and

The Accused Instrumentalities perform a method including transmitting first information across a first frequency range using a wireless transmitter, the first frequency range having a first center frequency, a first highest frequency, and a first lowest frequency.

For example, the Accused Instrumentalities transmit downlink information or uplink information on a first component carrier with a 

frequency range with a first center frequency (labeled FC,low in the excerpt from 3GPP TS 38.101 V17.9.0 below), first highest frequency (highlighted in red below), and first lowest frequency (highlighted in blue below). This applies in the cases of intra-band 

contiguous, intra-band non-contiguous, and inter-band CA.

See, e.g.:

5.2 Downlink

5.2.1 Downlink transmission scheme

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Claim 1 Public Documentation

A closed loop Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS) based spatial multiplexing is supported for Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH). Up to 8 and 12 orthogonal DL DMRS ports are supported for type 1 and type 2 DMRS respectively. Up to 8 orthogonal 

DL DMRS ports per UE are supported for SU MIMO and up to 4 orthogonal DL DMRS ports per UE are supported for MU-MIMO. 

The number of SU-MIMO code words is one for 1-4 layer transmissions and two for 5-8 layer transmissions.

The DMRS and corresponding PDSCH are transmitted using the same precoding matrix and the UE does not need to know the 

precoding matrix to demodulate the transmission. The transmitter may use different precoder matrix for different parts of the transmission bandwidth, resulting in frequency selective precoding. The UE may also assume that the same precoding matrix is used across 

a set of Physical Resource Blocks (PRBs) denoted Precoding Resource Block Group (PRG). 

Transmission durations from 2 to 14 symbols in a slot is supported.

Aggregation of multiple slots with Transport Block (TB) repetition is supported.

(3GPP TS 38.300 V17.4.0)

5.3 Uplink

5.3.1 Uplink transmission scheme

Two transmission schemes are supported for PUSCH: codebook based transmission and non-codebook based transmission.

For codebook based transmission, the gNB provides the UE with a transmit precoding matrix indication in the DCI. The UE uses the 

indication to select the PUSCH transmit precoder from the codebook. For non-codebook based transmission, the UE determines its 

PUSCH precoder based on wideband SRI field from the DCI.

A closed loop DMRS based spatial multiplexing is supported for PUSCH. For a given UE, up to 4 layer transmissions are supported. 

The number of code words is one. When transform precoding is used, only a single MIMO layer transmission is supported.

Transmission durations from 1 to 14 symbols in a slot is supported.

Aggregation of multiple slots with TB repetition is supported.

(3GPP TS 38.300 V17.4.0)

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5.4 Carrier aggregation

5.4.1 Carrier aggregation

In Carrier Aggregation (CA), two or more Component Carriers (CCs) are aggregated. A UE may simultaneously receive or transmit

on one or multiple CCs depending on its capabilities:

- A UE with single timing advance capability for CA can simultaneously receive and/or transmit on multiple CCs corresponding 

to multiple serving cells sharing the same timing advance (multiple serving cells grouped in one TAG);

- A UE with multiple timing advance capability for CA can simultaneously receive and/or transmit on multiple CCs corresponding to multiple serving cells with different timing advances (multiple serving cells grouped in multiple TAGs). NG-RAN 

ensures that each TAG contains at least one serving cell;

- A non-CA capable UE can receive on a single CC and transmit on a single CC corresponding to one serving cell only (one 

serving cell in one TAG).

CA is supported for both contiguous and non-contiguous CCs. When CA is deployed frame timing and SFN are aligned across cells 

that can be aggregated, or an offset in multiples of slots between the PCell/PSCell and an SCell is configured to the UE. The maximum 

number of configured CCs for a UE is 16 for DL and 16 for UL.

(3GPP TS 38.300 V17.4.0)

6.7 Carrier Aggregation

In case of CA, the multi-carrier nature of the physical layer is only exposed to the MAC layer for which one HARQ entity is required 

per serving cell as depicted on Figures 6.7-1 and 6.7-2 below:

- In both uplink and downlink, there is one independent hybrid-ARQ entity per serving cell and one transport block is generated 

per assignment/grant per serving cell in the absence of spatial multiplexing. Each transport block and its potential HARQ 

retransmissions are mapped to a single serving cell.

(3GPP TS 38.300 V17.4.0)

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Claim 1 Public Documentation

(3GPP TS 38.300 V17.4.0)

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Claim 1 Public Documentation

(3GPP TS 38.300 V17.4.0)

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Claim 1 Public Documentation

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Claim 1 Public Documentation

(3GPP TS 38.101 V17.9.0)

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Claim 1 Public Documentation

(3GPP TS 38.101 V17.9.0)

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Claim 1 Public Documentation

[1b] simultaneously transmitting second 

information across a second frequency 

range using the same wireless transmitter, 

the second frequency range having a second center frequency greater than the first 

center frequency, a second highest frequency, and a second lowest frequency.

The Accused Instrumentalities perform a method including simultaneously transmitting second information across a second frequency 

range using the same wireless transmitter, the second frequency range having a second center frequency greater than the first center 

frequency, a second highest frequency, and a second lowest frequency.

For example, the Accused Instrumentalities transmit downlink information or uplink information on a second component carrier with 

a frequency range with a second center frequency (labeled FC,high in the excerpt from 3GPP TS 38.101 V17.9.0 below), second highest 

frequency (highlighted in red below), and second lowest frequency (highlighted in blue below). This applies in the cases of intra-band 

contiguous, intra-band non-contiguous, and inter-band CA. The transmission is performed simultaneously using the same wireless 

transmitter, as set out for example in section 5.4 of 3GPP TS 38.300 V17.4.0.

See, e.g.:

5.2 Downlink

5.2.1 Downlink transmission scheme

A closed loop Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS) based spatial multiplexing is supported for Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH). Up to 8 and 12 orthogonal DL DMRS ports are supported for type 1 and type 2 DMRS respectively. Up to 8 orthogonal 

DL DMRS ports per UE are supported for SU MIMO and up to 4 orthogonal DL DMRS ports per UE are supported for MU-MIMO. 

The number of SU-MIMO code words is one for 1-4 layer transmissions and two for 5-8 layer transmissions.

The DMRS and corresponding PDSCH are transmitted using the same precoding matrix and the UE does not need to know the 

precoding matrix to demodulate the transmission. The transmitter may use different precoder matrix for different parts of the transmission bandwidth, resulting in frequency selective precoding. The UE may also assume that the same precoding matrix is used across 

a set of Physical Resource Blocks (PRBs) denoted Precoding Resource Block Group (PRG). 

Transmission durations from 2 to 14 symbols in a slot is supported.

Aggregation of multiple slots with Transport Block (TB) repetition is supported.

(3GPP TS 38.300 V17.4.0)

5.3 Uplink

5.3.1 Uplink transmission scheme

Two transmission schemes are supported for PUSCH: codebook based transmission and non-codebook based transmission.

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Claim 1 Public Documentation

For codebook based transmission, the gNB provides the UE with a transmit precoding matrix indication in the DCI. The UE uses the 

indication to select the PUSCH transmit precoder from the codebook. For non-codebook based transmission, the UE determines its 

PUSCH precoder based on wideband SRI field from the DCI.

A closed loop DMRS based spatial multiplexing is supported for PUSCH. For a given UE, up to 4 layer transmissions are supported. 

The number of code words is one. When transform precoding is used, only a single MIMO layer transmission is supported.

Transmission durations from 1 to 14 symbols in a slot is supported.

Aggregation of multiple slots with TB repetition is supported.

(3GPP TS 38.300 V17.4.0)

5.4 Carrier aggregation

5.4.1 Carrier aggregation

In Carrier Aggregation (CA), two or more Component Carriers (CCs) are aggregated. A UE may simultaneously receive or transmit 

on one or multiple CCs depending on its capabilities:

- A UE with single timing advance capability for CA can simultaneously receive and/or transmit on multiple CCs corresponding 

to multiple serving cells sharing the same timing advance (multiple serving cells grouped in one TAG);

- A UE with multiple timing advance capability for CA can simultaneously receive and/or transmit on multiple CCs corresponding to multiple serving cells with different timing advances (multiple serving cells grouped in multiple TAGs). NG-RAN 

ensures that each TAG contains at least one serving cell;

- A non-CA capable UE can receive on a single CC and transmit on a single CC corresponding to one serving cell only (one 

serving cell in one TAG).

CA is supported for both contiguous and non-contiguous CCs. When CA is deployed frame timing and SFN are aligned across cells 

that can be aggregated, or an offset in multiples of slots between the PCell/PSCell and an SCell is configured to the UE. The maximum 

number of configured CCs for a UE is 16 for DL and 16 for UL.

(3GPP TS 38.300 V17.4.0)

6.7 Carrier Aggregation

In case of CA, the multi-carrier nature of the physical layer is only exposed to the MAC layer for which one HARQ entity is required 

per serving cell as depicted on Figures 6.7-1 and 6.7-2 below:

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Claim 1 Public Documentation

- In both uplink and downlink, there is one independent hybrid-ARQ entity per serving cell and one transport block is generated 

per assignment/grant per serving cell in the absence of spatial multiplexing. Each transport block and its potential HARQ 

retransmissions are mapped to a single serving cell.

(3GPP TS 38.300 V17.4.0)

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Claim 1 Public Documentation

(3GPP TS 38.101 V17.9.0)

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Claim 1 Public Documentation

(3GPP TS 38.101 V17.9.0)

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Claim 1 Public Documentation

(3GPP TS 38.101 V17.9.0)

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Claim 1 Public Documentation

5.4 Carrier aggregation

5.4.1 Carrier aggregation

In Carrier Aggregation (CA), two or more Component Carriers (CCs) are aggregated. A UE may simultaneously receive or transmit

on one or multiple CCs depending on its capabilities:

- A UE with single timing advance capability for CA can simultaneously receive and/or transmit on multiple CCs corresponding 

to multiple serving cells sharing the same timing advance (multiple serving cells grouped in one TAG);

- A UE with multiple timing advance capability for CA can simultaneously receive and/or transmit on multiple CCs corresponding to multiple serving cells with different timing advances (multiple serving cells grouped in multiple TAGs). NG-RAN 

ensures that each TAG contains at least one serving cell;

- A non-CA capable UE can receive on a single CC and transmit on a single CC corresponding to one serving cell only (one 

serving cell in one TAG).

CA is supported for both contiguous and non-contiguous CCs. When CA is deployed frame timing and SFN are aligned across cells 

that can be aggregated, or an offset in multiples of slots between the PCell/PSCell and an SCell is configured to the UE. The maximum 

number of configured CCs for a UE is 16 for DL and 16 for UL.

(3GPP TS 38.300 V17.4.0)

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