# Patent

## Title
Stabilizer pad for vehicles

## Abstract

A stabilizer for a heavy equipment machine includes a pair of resilient pad assemblies each having opposed surfaces either of which can be positioned as a ground engaging surface, and a support pin that extends in opposed directions from a stabilizer arm of the machine. Each of the resilient pad assemblies has a respective passage for receiving the support pin for enabling rotational support of the resilient pad assemblies from the support pin. The support of the resilient pad assemblies enables the positioning of either of the opposed surfaces as the ground engaging surface.

## Background
RELATED APPLICATIONS
This application claims priority to and is a continuation-in-part of U.S. application Ser. No. 09/996,013 filed Nov. 28, 2001; now U.S. Pat. No. 6,726,246, U.S. application Ser. No. 09/920,148 filed Aug. 1, 2001, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,422,603, which, in turn is a continuation-in-part of U.S. application Ser. No. 09/807,712 filed Apr. 17, 2001, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,634,672, which, in turn is a continuation-in-part of U.S. application Ser. No. 09/183,473 filed Oct. 30, 1998, now U.S. Pat No. 6,270,119. This application also claims the benefit under 35 U.S.C. §120 or 35 U.S.C. §365(c) of PCT International application PCT/US99/25381, designating the United States of America, and filed Oct. 28, 1999. PCT application PCT/US99/25381, of which U.S. application Ser. No. 09/807,712 is a national stage filing under 35 U.S.C. §371, was published under PCT Article 21(2) in English. PCT/US99/25381 claims priority to and is a continuation-in-part of U.S. application Ser. No. 09/183,473, filed Oct. 30, 1998, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,270,119.
All of the foregoing applications along with U.S. Pat. No. 6,270,119, and U.S. Pat. No. 6,422,603 are now hereby incorporated by reference herein in their entity.


FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates generally to stabilizer pads for vehicles, and more particularly to pivotally mounted stabilizer pads. In the majority of the constructions disclosed herein the stabilizer pads are reversible having a generally flanged first surface for engagement with a soft irregular ground surface such as gravel, and having a resilient second surface for engagement with a smooth hard ground surface such as concrete or asphalt.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 is a fragmentary view of a typical loader/backhoe 10 having a shovel mechanism 12, stabilizer arms 14 and 16, and associated stabilizer pads 18 and 20, respectfully. Hydraulic pistons 15 are used to operate each of the stabilizer arms 14 and 16 independently. In FIG. 1, the stabilizer arms are in an operational, extended position with the stabilizer pads 18 and 20 in engagement with the ground surface to prevent movement of the backhoe during operation of the shovel mechanism 12. When the backhoe 10 is to be moved, the pistons associated with each cylinder are withdrawn so that the stabilizer arms 14 and 16 pivot and raise the stabilizer pads above ground level.
The stabilizer pad 18 of FIG. 1 is shown in greater detail in FIGS. 2 and 3. Stabilizer pad 20 is substantially identical to stabilizer pad 18. The stabilizer pad 18 and similar stabilizer pads are further described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,889,362, 5,054,812, 5,466,004, 5,547,220 and 5,667,245, each of which is issued to the inventor of the present application and incorporated herein by reference. The stabilizer pad 18 includes a flat plate 22 having flanges 24 and 26, both extending from one surface of plate 22. The stabilizer pad 18 is also provided with supporting webs or ribs 25, one associated with each flange. The ribs 25 provide additional support for the flanges 24 and 26. The plate 22 is notched at 30 between flanges 24 and 26 as illustrated in FIG. 1. The plate is notched to accommodate the arm 14 and to enable reversible rotation of the stabilizer pad.
The stabilizer arm 14 includes a journal end for accommodating pin 34. Pin 34 also fits within holes of flanges 24 and 26. The pin is used to secure the stabilizer pad to the arm using, for example, a cotter pin as illustrated in FIG. 3.
On the side of the flat plate 22 opposite that containing the flanges 24 and 26 are disposed three laminated rubber pads 40. Each of the rubber pads 40 includes laminated rubber sections supported between angle irons 44 and 48. The angle irons 44 and 48 have a base leg and an upright leg. Each of the upright legs has holes therein for receiving elongated securing pins 50 for containing the laminated rubber sections between the angle irons. The laminated pads 40 are secured to the plate 22 using bolts 53 and nuts 55.
The stabilizer pads 18 and 20 are rotatable about pin 34 when the stabilizer arms are in the raised position to place either the rubber pads 40 downward for engagement with the ground or to place the flanges 24 and 26 downward for engagement with the ground.
In a typical operation, the rubber pad side of the stabilizer pad 18 is positioned to engage the ground, as shown in FIG. 1, when the ground surface is a relatively flat hard surface such as concrete or pavement. The flange side of the stabilizer pad 18, as shown in FIG. 2, is positioned to engage the ground when the ground surface is an unfinished ground surface, such as gravel or dirt. The flanges are designed to dig into the unfinished ground surface to anchor and stabilize the backhoe.
Although the prior art, reversible stabilizer pads described above provide reliable operation, it is desirable to provide a simplified stabilizer pad with improved operational performance over the stabilizer pads described above.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In accordance with the present invention there is provided a stabilizer for a heavy equipment machine that comprises a pair of resilient pad assemblies each having opposed surfaces either of which can be positioned as a ground engaging surface; and a support pin that extends in opposed directions from a stabilizer arm of the machine. Each of the resilient pad assemblies has a respective passage for receiving the support pin for enabling rotational support of the resilient pad assemblies from the support pin. The support of the resilient pad assemblies enable the positioning of either of the opposed surfaces as the ground engaging surface.
The pad assemblies are each constructed of a plurality of separate pad layers. Each pad assembly may comprise a plurality of resilient pad layers and at least one interconnecting member for retaining the layers in a secured pack. The interconnecting member may comprise a pair of side plates and at least two interconnection securing members that are adapted to extend through the pad layers for holding the pad layers together. A sleeve may be in the pad passage for engaging with the support pin.
In accordance with another aspect of the present invention there is provided a stabilizer pad assembly for use with a stabilizer arm, the stabilizer pad assembly comprising; a pair of laterally spaced apart plate members, the pair of plate members being pivotally attached to a stabilizer arm by a pin extending laterally between facing surfaces of respective plate members; and at least one resilient pad formed with at least one passage extending transversely therethrough between opposite sides of the resilient pad, and having opposite work surfaces. The plate members have, adjacent one edge thereof, at least one receiving hole; and there is also provided a retainer removeably engageable with the plate member receiving hole and the pad passage, removable to permit said resilient pad to be moved between the opposite working surfaces and to be re-engagable so as to permit selective positioning of either of the opposite working surfaces for use as a surface for ground engagement.
In accordance with still another aspect of the present invention there is provided a latch device for use with a stabilizer pad attached to a stabilizer arm of a vehicle and for preventing self-flipping of the stabilizer pad relative to the stabilizer arm. The latch device comprises, a latch constructed and arranged to have a pivot that enables limited rotation between engaged and disengaged positions thereof, and a support for the latch from either the stabilizer arm or the stabilizer pad. The stabilizer pad has one and other positions relating to opposed work surfaces. The latch is interengaged with one of the pad and arm to inhibits rotation of the stabilizer pad when the stabilizer pad is in the one position so as to inhibit self-flipping thereof The latch is manually operable to disengage the latch when moving the stabilizer pad to its other position.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
For a better understanding of the present invention, reference is made to the drawings which are incorporated herein by reference and in which:
FIG. 1 is a fragmentary view of a typical loader/backhoe having a stabilizer arm with stabilizer pads of the prior art secured thereto;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the stabilizer pad and arm of FIG. 1 in a gravel or dirt engaging position;
FIG. 3 is a side elevational view of the stabilizer pad and arm construction in the position of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of a stabilizer pad of the present invention in a position for engaging a smooth surface;
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the embodiment of FIG. 4 with the stabilizer pad in a position for engaging a gravel or dirt ground surface;
FIG. 6 is a side view of the stabilizer pad of FIG. 4 with the stabilizer pad in the position for engaging a smooth surface;
FIG. 7 is a side view of the stabilizer pad of FIG. 4 with the stabilizer pad in the position for engaging a gravel or dirt ground surface;
FIG. 8 is a top view of the stabilizer pad of FIG. 4 with the stabilizer pad in the position for engaging a smooth surface;
FIG. 9 is a front view of the stabilizer pad of FIG. 4 with the stabilizer pad in the position for engaging a smooth surface;
FIG. 10 is an exploded perspective view of the stabilizer pad of FIG. 4 in the position for engaging a smooth surface;
FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a second embodiment of a stabilizer pad with the stabilizer pad in the position for engaging a smooth surface;
FIG. 12 is a side view of the stabilizer pad of FIG. 11;
FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional side view taken along line 13—13 of FIG. 11 with the stabilizer pad in the position for engaging a dirt or gravel surface;
FIG. 14 is a perspective view of a third embodiment of a stabilizer pad with the stabilizer pad in the position for engaging a smooth surface;
FIG. 15 is a front view of the stabilizer pad of FIG. 14 as taken along line 15—15 of FIG. 14;
FIG. 16 is an exploded perspective view of the stabilizer pad of FIG. 14;
FIG. 17 is a perspective view of a fourth embodiment of a stabilizer pad with the stabilizer pad in the position for engaging a smooth surface;
FIG. 18 is an exploded perspective view of the stabilizer pad shown in FIG. 17;
FIG. 19 is a perspective view of a fifth embodiment of a stabilizer pad with the stabilizer pad in the position for engaging a smooth surface;
FIG. 20 is an exploded perspective view of the stabilizer pad of FIG. 19;
FIG. 21 is a perspective view of a sixth embodiment of a stabilizer pad with the stabilizer pad in the position for engaging a smooth surface;
FIG. 22 is an exploded perspective view of the stabilizer pad of FIG. 21; and
FIG. 23 is an exploded perspective view of a sixth embodiment of a stabilizer pad with the stabilizer pad in the position for engaging a smooth surface.
FIG. 24 is a perspective view of a further embodiment of the present invention with the stabilizer pad in a position for engaging a smooth surface;
FIG. 25 is an exploded view of the stabilizer pad of FIG. 24;
FIG. 26 is a perspective view of still another embodiment of the present invention employing a reversible resilient pad;
FIG. 27 is an exploded view of the stabilizer pad of FIG. 26;
FIG. 28 is an illustration of a backhoe embodying an offset pad construction;
FIG. 29 is a perspective view of the offset pad construction also employing a releasable latch;
FIG. 30 is a plan view of the embodiment of FIG. 29;
FIG. 31 is a side view of the embodiment of FIG. 29 with the latch in a locked position;
FIG. 32 is a side view with the latch in a released position;
FIG. 33 is a side view of the stabilizer pad with the pad rotated through 180°;
FIG. 34 is a perspective view of a further embodiment of a pad construction;
FIG. 35 is a side elevational view of the pad construction of FIG. 34;
FIG. 36 is a front elevational view of the pad construction of FIG. 34, partially broken away to show the pad construction;
FIG. 37 is an alternate cross-sectional detail showing a swaging technique;
FIG. 38 is a side elevational view of another embodiment;
FIG. 39 is a front elevational view of the embodiment of FIG. 38;
FIG. 40 is a cross-sectional plan view taken along line 40—40 of FIG. 39;
FIG. 41 is a cross-sectional side view taken along line 41—41 of FIG. 39;
FIG. 42 is a side elevational view of another embodiment using a triangular-shaped pad;
FIG. 43 is a front elevational view of the embodiment of FIG. 42;
FIG. 44 is a perspective view of still another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 45 is a side view of the embodiment of FIG. 44 an the claw position;
FIG. 46 is a front elevational view of the embodiment of FIG. 44 as taken along line 46—46 of FIG. 44;
FIG. 47 is a fragmentary exploded perspective view of the locking pin;
FIG. 48 is a perspective view of still another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 49 is a side view of the embodiment of FIG. 48 an the claw position;
FIG. 50 is an exploded perspective view of the embodiment of FIGS. 48 and 49;
FIG. 51 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 51—51 of FIG. 48;
FIG. 52 is a fragmentary cross-sectional view of an alternate pad construction;
FIGS. 53A and 53B show cross-sectional views of pad constructions using a forced pin;
FIG. 54 is a perspective view of still a further embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 54A is a perspective view of yet another ambodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 54B is a cross-sectional view of the embodiment of FIG. 54A as taken along line 54B—54B of FIG. 54A;
FIG. 54C is a cross-sectional view taken along line 55C–54C of FIG. 54B;
FIG. 54D is an exploded perspective view of the embodiment of FIG. 54A;
FIG. 55 is a perspective view of still a further embodiment of the present invention using a latch construction;
FIG. 56 is a cross-sectional view of the embodiment of FIG. 55 as taken along line 56—56 of FIG. 55; and
FIG. 57 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 57—57 of FIG. 56;



DETAILED DESCRIPTION
This invention is not limited in its application to the details of construction and the arrangement of components set forth in the following description or illustrated in the drawings. The invention is capable of other embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways. Also, the phraseology and terminology used herein is for the purpose of description and should not be regarded as limiting. The use of “including,” “comprising,” or “having,” “containing”, “involving”, and variations thereof herein, is meant to encompass the items listed thereafter and equivalents thereof as well as additional items.
One embodiment of a stabilizer pad 118 in accordance with the present invention will now be described with reference to FIGS. 4–10. As understood by those skilled in the art, stabilizer pads in accordance with embodiments of the present invention may be used with a backhoe as shown in FIG. 1, and may also be used with other vehicles or platforms having stabilizing members for stabilizing the vehicle or platform.
The stabilizer pad 118 has a substantially U-shaped frame formed in one embodiment from a continuous steel sheet. The continuous steel sheet is bent to form the U-shape consisting of a base plate 122 and flanges 124 nd 126. Each of the flanges 124 and 126 has outer grouser points 130 and inner grouser points 131.
Mounted to the underside of the base plate 122 is a resilient pad 140. The resilient pad 140 is secured to the frame using brackets 142a and 142b which respectfully couple to flanges 124 and 126. The brackets are mounted to the flanges using bolts 144, nuts 146 and washers 148, as best shown in FIG. 10.
The resilient pad 140 is formed using a plurality of rubber strips 150 that are compressed using brackets 142a and 142b and steel rods 152. In the embodiment shown, the steel rods 152 are welded to each of the brackets 142a and 142b, however, in other embodiments, the steel rods can be replaced by bolts and nuts. In one embodiment of the present invention, the rubber strips are made from sidewall segments of truck tire carcasses or from rubber conveyor belts, both of which have been found to provide desirable flexibility and surface friction for use in stabilizer pads.
Each of the flanges 124 and 126 has a hole, respectfully 134 and 135 in alignment with bushings 136 and 137. The holes and bushings are designed to accommodate the pin 34 of the stabilizer arm 14 to couple the stabilizer arm to the stabilizer pad as in the prior art.
The stabilizer pad 118 includes an optional cam 156 mounted to bushing 136. In addition, the stabilizer arm 14 includes a polyethylene wheel 154 mounted to the side of the stabilizer arm as shown in FIG. 4, using a bolt and a nut. In one embodiment, the cam is made from a steel rod and is welded to the bushing, however, in other embodiments, the cam may be made from other relatively hard materials and fastened to the arm using other techniques. The polyethylene wheel and cam prevent inadvertent flipping of the stabilizer pad as described further below and as described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 08/909,524, which is incorporated herein by reference. Other mechanisms for preventing self-flipping, such as those described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,054,812 and 5,667,245, may also be used with stabilizer pads of the present invention.
Stabilizer pad 118 is rotatable about pin 34 when the stabilizer arm is in its upright position to place either the resilient pad 140 or the grouser points 130 downward to engage the ground when the stabilizer arms are lowered to stabilize the vehicle. When the vehicle is operated on a smooth, finished ground surface, it is desirable to place the resilient pad 140 of the stabilizer pad 118 in contact with the ground surface. When the vehicle is operated on a rough or unfinished ground surface, it is desirable to position the stabilizer pad such that the outer grouser points 130, and in some instances the inner grouser points 131, contact the ground surface. FIGS. 4 and 6 show the stabilizer pad with the resilient pad 140 in position to engage the ground surface, while FIGS. 5 and 7 show the stabilizer pad with the outer grouser points 130 in position to engage the ground surface.
As shown in FIG. 7, the outer grouser points 130 are slightly longer than the inner grouser points 131 allowing the outer grouser points to contact the ground surface to provide maximum stability. On particularly rough or uneven surfaces, the inner grouser points may also contact the ground surface. In other embodiments of the present invention, the stabilizer pad 118 may not include the inner grouser points.
As briefly discussed above, the polyethylene wheel 154 and cam 156 are used to prevent the stabilizer pad 118 from inadvertently flipping when the stabilizer arm is raised. The weight of the resilient pad 140 may cause the stabilizer pad to flip from the position shown in FIG. 7 to that shown in FIG. 6 by rotating in the direction of arrow 160 when the stabilizer arm is raised. When the stabilizer pad rotates in the direction shown by arrow 160, the cam 156 contacts the wheel 154 and prevents further rotation of the stabilizer pad. When it is desired to flip the stabilizer pad from the position shown in FIG. 7 to that shown in FIG. 6, additional rotational force can be applied to the stabilizer pad by an operator of the vehicle to cause the polyethylene wheel 154 to deform slightly and allow the cam to pass by the polyethylene wheel.
To rotate the stabilizer pad from the position shown in FIG. 6 to that shown in FIG. 7, the stabilizer pad is rotated approximately 135° about the pin 34 in the direction shown by arrow 162 (see FIG. 6). Similarly, to move from the position shown in FIG. 7 to that shown in FIG. 6, the stabilizer pad 118 is rotated approximately 135° about pin 34 in the direction shown by arrow 160.
A second embodiment of a stabilizer pad 218 in accordance with the present invention will now be described with reference to FIGS. 11–13, which show the stabilizer pad 218 mounted to a stabilizer arm 214. Stabilizer arm 214 differs from stabilizer arm 14 in that it includes only one pin 234 for coupling to both a hydraulic piston 215 and to the stabilizer pad 218. In addition, the stabilizer arm 214 includes a steel plate 216 contained within the stabilizer arm to provide rigidity to the stabilizer arm. Stabilizer pad 218 is similar to stabilizer pad 118, and similar components are labeled using the same reference numbers. Stabilizer pad 218 differs from stabilizer pad 18 in that the bushings 236 and 237 used to mount the stabilizer pad 218 to the stabilizer arm 214 are sized to accommodate the pin 234.
A third embodiment of a stabilizer pad 318 for use on the stabilizer arm 14 will now be described with reference to FIGS. 14–16. The third embodiment includes flange pieces 324 and 326 and a resilient pad 340. The flanges 324 and 326 are coupled together through the pin 34 of the stabilizer arm and are coupled to the resilient pad 340. The flange pieces have bushings 336 and 337 for receiving the pin 34. Each of the flange pieces has a pair of outer grouser points 330 and three inner grouser points 331. Each of the flange pieces also includes a pair of right angle re-enforcing sections 332 and 334, which provide structural re-enforcement for the pad and as described below provide additional stabilization when the stabilizer pad is used on a rough or unfinished surface. The right angle sections 332 also function as mounting brackets for mounting the reversible resilient pad 340, and each of the right angle sections 332 includes mounting holes 345 for this purpose.
The resilient pad 340, similar to the pad 140 of the first embodiment, is formed from a plurality of rubber strips 350. The rubber strips 350 are compressed between brackets 342a and 342b using steel rods 352. Each of the rubber strips 350 and the brackets 342a and 342b has a slot 362 to receive a mounting plate 322. The mounting plate 322 has mounting holes 360 that align with mounting holes 345 on the flanges to mount the mounting plate to the flanges using bolts 349, washers 346 and nuts 348. In one version of the third embodiment, the flanges 324 and 326 and the mounting plate 322 are made from steel.
One significant advantage of the embodiment of the invention shown in FIGS. 14–16 is that the resilient pad 340 is reversible to extend the life of the pad. The resilient pad 340 can be mounted such that either surface 368 contacts the ground (as shown in FIG. 15), or such that surface 366 of the pad contacts the ground. With the resilient pad 340 removed from the flanges, the resilient pad can be rotated 180 degrees to change from surface 368 of the pad facing down to surface 366 of the pad facing down. The rubber strips used with stabilizer pads can wear over time, and the ability to change surfaces of the resilient pad 340 significantly extends the usable life of the resilient pad.
Stabilizer pad 318 is rotatable about pin 34 in a manner similar to stabilizer pad 118 described above to allow either the resilient pad 340 or the grouser points to contact the ground. As with stabilizer pad 118, the outer grouser points 330 are longer than the inner grouser points 331.
In FIGS. 14 and 15, stabilizer pad 318 is shown mounted to the stabilizer arm 14 using pin 34. In other embodiments, the stabilizer pad 318 may be mounted to stabilizer arm 214 using a common pin, such as pin 234 in FIG. 11, with the hydraulic piston 215.
The right angle sections 332 and 334 provide additional stability for the stabilizer pad 318 when the grouser points 330 contact the ground. Typical grouser points, such as those provided on flanges 24 and 26 of prior art stabilizer pad 18 (FIG. 3), have angled surfaces extending in opposite directions along one axis from the tip of the grouser point. Grouser points 330 have angled surfaces 370 and 371 extending from the tip of the grouser points in opposite directions along an x axis (see FIG. 14 for axis orientation), and in addition have angled surfaces 372 extending in a direction along a y-axis orthogonal to the x-axis. The right angle sections provide additional stability by resisting movement of the stabilizer pad in the y-axis direction. As understood by one skilled in the art, in other embodiments, the right angle sections 332 and 334 may form an angle other than ninety degrees with the flanges.
A fourth embodiment of a stabilizer pad 418 in accordance with the present invention will now be described with reference to FIGS. 17 and 18. Stabilizer pad 418 is similar to stabilizer pad 318 and like parts are labeled using the same reference numbers. Stabilizer pad 418 differs from stabilizer pad 318 in that the resilient pad 440 of stabilizer pad 418 has two separate slots 462a and 462b rather than one slot 362 as in resilient pad 340 of stabilizer pad 418. In addition, the mounting plate 322 of stabilizer pad 318 is replaced by two separate mounting plates 422a and 422b in stabilizer pad 418. In the fourth embodiment, two mounting plates are used to mount the resilient pad to the flanges, in other embodiments, more than two mounting plates may be used. In the third and fourth embodiments, the mounting plate or mounting plates act as the base plate for the stabilizer pads.
A fifth embodiment of a stabilizer pad 518 in accordance with the present invention will now be described with reference to FIGS. 19 and 20. Stabilizer pad 518 is similar to stabilizer pad 318 and like parts are labeled using the same reference numbers. The primary difference between stabilizer pad 518 and stabilizer pad 318 is that a mounting plate is not used to mount the resilient pad to the flanges. Rather, bolts are used to compress the rubber strips of the resilient pad between the flanges of the stabilizer pad 518 as described below. In this embodiment, the resilient pad acts as the base plate of the stabilizer pad. Also the bolts function as a plate support of the pad.
Stabilizer pad 518 includes flanges 524 and 526 and resilient pad 540. Flanges 524 and 526 are similar to flanges 324 and 326 of stabilizer pad 318, except that flanges 524 and 526 do not include right angle brackets 332, and flanges 524 and 526 include mounting holes 545 for mounting the resilient pad to the flanges using bolts 549, washers 546 and nuts 548.
Resilient pad 540 includes rubber strips 550, each of which has holes 562 for receiving the bolts 549. Resilient pad 540 differs from resilient pad 340 in that pad 540 does not include metal brackets for compressing the rubber strips 550. In stabilizer pad 518, the rubber strips 550 are compressed together between the flanges 524 and 526 using the bolts 549 and the nuts 548. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 19 and 20, the holes 562 for the bolts 549 in the resilient pad 540 are centered between a first planar surface 566 and a second planar surface 568 of the pad 540. This allows the resilient pad to be reversible so that either the first planar surface or the second planar surface is positioned to contact the ground.
A sixth embodiment of a stabilizer pad 618 will now be further described with reference to FIGS. 21 and 22. Stabilizer pad 618 is similar to stabilizer pad 118 described above in that both have a substantial U-shaped frame made from a continuous steel sheet. Stabilizer pad 618 differs from stabilizer pad 118 in that the degree of rotation from one working side of the stabilizer pad to the other working side is 180 degrees for stabilizer pad 618 verses 135 degrees for stabilizer pad 118.
The U-shaped frame of stabilizer pad 618 includes a base plate 622, flanges 624 and 626 and a resilient pad 640. Each of the flanges has grouser points 630. The resilient pad is mounted to mounting holes 639 of the base plate 622 using bolts 649, washers 646 and nuts 648. The resilient pad 640, like resilient pad 140, is formed using a plurality of rubber strips 650 that are compressed using brackets 642a and 642b and steel rods 652. In the embodiment shown, the steel rods 652 are welded to each of the brackets 642a and 642b. Each of the brackets 642a and 642b have right angle sections 643 having holes 644 for mounting the resilient pad 640 to the base plate 622.
A seventh embodiment of a stabilizer pad 718 in accordance with the present invention will now be described with reference to FIG. 23. Stabilizer pad 718 is substantially identical to stabilizer pad 618 except that the U-shaped frame of stabilizer pad 618 is replaced by two flange sections 724 and 726. Each of the flange sections has grouser points 730 and a right angle bracket 722 having mounting holes 739 for mounting the resilient pad to the flange sections.
In stabilizer pads 618 and 718, all of the grouser points 630 and 730 are shown as being of approximately the same height. In other versions, the outermost grouser points on each of the flanges may be longer than the inner grouser points to provide four-point contact of the stabilizer pads at substantially the outermost points on the stabilizer pads to maximize stability.
In other versions of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 21–23, the flanges and brackets can be modified to accommodate the resilient pad 140 shown in FIG. 4, or one of the reversible resilient pads shown in FIGS. 14, 17 and 20.
The embodiments of the invention shown in FIGS. 11–23 do not include the cam 156 and the wheel 158 described above with respect to the stabilizer pad 118. As understood by one skilled in the art, to prevent self-flipping of the stabilizer pads shown in FIGS. 11–23, the cam 156 could be included on the stabilizer pads and the wheel 158 could be included on the arm.
Some embodiments of the present invention described above have reversible rubber pads. The reversible pads could be replaced with single-sided pads as understood by those skilled in the art.
One advantage of embodiments of stabilizer pads of the present invention over prior art stabilizer pads is a reduction in manufacturing costs. In the first embodiment of the present invention, described above with reference to FIGS. 4–10, the U-shaped frame can be formed from one piece of steel without requiring any welding. Alternatively, the U-shaped frame could be manufactured as a single cast piece. A further reduction in manufacturing costs is provided by the use of a single laminated pad in place of the three laminated pads used in the prior art stabilizer pad shown in FIGS. 1–3. In addition to reducing manufacturing costs, stabilizer pads of the present invention are inherently structurally stronger than prior art pads and are therefore less susceptible to wear and have an extended operational life, even in adverse operating environments. Also, the use of a reversible laminated pad significantly increases the life of stabilizer pads of the present invention.
In the prior art, one side of the resilient pad used with stabilizer pads is typically coupled to a rigid mounting member for mounting the resilient pad to the stabilizer pad. The resilient pads used in embodiments of the present invention are mounted to the stabilizer pad at a central point in the pad to allow the pad to have two or more working surfaces to significantly extend the life of the pad. In illustrative embodiments described above, resilient pads have two working surfaces. However, the present invention is not limited to pads having two working surfaces, but includes pads with more than two working surfaces.
In embodiments of the present invention described above, stabilizer pads include flanges having grouser points for engaging a rough or gravel ground surface. As understood by those skilled in the art, grouser points used with embodiments of the present invention are not limited to tapered steel points formed in the flanges, but also include other gripping devices arranged on the stabilizer pad to enable the stabilizer pad to grip a rough or gravel surface to prevent the stabilizer pad from slipping.
An eighth embodiment of a stabilizer pad 818 in accordance with the present invention will now be described with reference to FIGS. 24 and 25. Furthermore, a ninth embodiment of a stabilizer pad 918 will also now be described with reference to FIGS. 26 and 27. Both of these embodiments employ basic stabilizer pad constructions of the type described, for example, in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,761,021 and 5,050,904. These constructions support the resilient pad laterally in a spaced side-by-side relationship rather than most of the earlier embodiments described herein in which the resilient pad is centrally supported.
With further specific reference to FIGS. 24 and 25, there is described a stabilizer pad 818 supported from a stabilizer arm 814. For this support there is provided the bushings 836 and 837 for receiving the support pin 834.
The pad itself is comprised of separate flanges 824 and 826. Each of these flanges has a respective base 823 and 825. For example, the flange 824 is formed with a base 823 in a right angle arrangement and is constructed of a single piece of heavy-duty metal.
Each of the flanges 824 and 826 have respective grouser points 831 and 833. In this particular embodiment there are two grouser points associated with each flange and the grouser points are disposed symmetrically with respect to the bushings associated with each flange. This provides a stable grouser point construction when the pad is used in rough terrain such as in dirt or gravel. In this regard, in the orientation of the pad illustrated in FIGS. 24 and 25, rather than the grouser points contacting the ground, the resilient pads 840 are in position for contact with a ground surface such as an asphalt or concrete surface.
In the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 24 and 25 the flanges 824 and 826 are interconnected by a cross-piece 821 disposed at one end of each of the flanges. This provides an open center section that receives the arm 814.
The embodiment of FIGS. 24 and 25 provides a quite simplified way of attaching the resilient pad 840 to either of the flanges 823 or 825. For this purpose, each of the flanges is provided with a plurality of slots 860. In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 24 three slots 860 are provided. However, it is understood that fewer or greater numbers of slots can be employed.
Depending upon the number of slots provided, the resilient pad 840 is likewise cut-out on its top section to provide upstanding portions 866, each having a hole 864 extending therethrough, such as illustrated particularly clearly in FIG. 25. Each of these upstanding portions 866 extends through a corresponding slot 860 into the position illustrated in FIG. 24. A plurality of cross-rods 862 are then used. These extend into the holes 864 and preferably provide a press-fit. The rods 862 are preferably positioned against the top surface of the flange on either side and may be welded to the flange or secured in any other suitable manner to the flange so that the cross-rods do not disengage.
Prior to assembly, the resilient pad 840 which is comprised of a plurality of rubber strips 850, is secured together. These individual strips can be joined together by several different means such as by gluing, stapling, bolting or riveting. Also, the resilient pad 840 can be a single piece molded block still having the cut slots defining the upstanding portions. Further, the strip could be left unglued.
Now, reference is made to the ninth embodiment of the present invention illustrated in FIGS. 26 and 27. This embodiment, although similar to the embodiment of FIGS. 24 and 25, is different in that the resilient pad 940 in the ninth embodiment is reversible. In this way the resilient pad 940 can be removed and essentially rotated through 180° so that extended wear of the pad becomes an important aspect of this particular construction.
With further reference to FIGS. 26 and 27 there is shown a stabilizer pad 918 that is comprised of flanges 924 and 926. These flanges are similar to the flanges illustrated in FIGS. 24 and 25 and thus include respective grouser points 931 and 933. Instead of the single base piece illustrated in the eighth embodiment, in the ninth embodiment, as illustrated clearly in FIG. 27, there are provided base pieces 923a and 923b. Likewise, the flange 926 has associated therewith base pieces 925a and 925b. Each of these base pieces extends at a right angle from its associated flange and the base pieces are spaced from each other a predetermined distance. Each of the base pieces is provided with a hole at the end thereof for receiving a stud 960, which in turn receives a corresponding cotter pin 962. The purpose of the stud and cotter pin is to secure the resilient pad 940 to these base pieces.
The flanges 924 and 926 are supported from the stabilizer arm 914 by means of the bushings 936 and 937 which receive the pivot pin 934. Also, the flanges are interconnected by means of the cross-piece 921 illustrated in FIG. 27.
The resilient pad 940 is constructed of a number of individual strips or segments 950. These segments are secured together and form a somewhat oblong shape. The shape could also be rectangular, circular, hexagon, triangular, octagon, or some other form and preferably has a lower contact surface 941 and an upper contact surface 943. These two surfaces are preferably, but not necessarily, parallel to each other.
The resilient pad 940 is supported in a central manner and for that purpose there are provided slots 945 that extend through the pad. The base pieces extend into these slots and the pad is finally positioned in the manner illustrated in FIG. 26. To hold the pad together, the individually strips may be glued, stapled, bolted or riveted. Alternatively, the strip may be left unglued. Also, there is provided an end plate 966 also having slots corresponding to the slots in the pad material itself. As illustrated in FIG. 26 the studs 960 extend through end holes in each of the base pieces. These studs may also bear against the outer surface of the end plate 966 and are held in position by means of the aforementioned cotter pins 962.
Also, a bolt 964 of somewhat elongated construction extends through the resilient pad and through a hole 965 in the flange 924. The bolt 964 is secured by means of a washer 970 and a nut 968. The bolt 964 and its associated nut and washer is used, of course, on each of the pads associated with the respective flanges 924 and 926.
As can be seen quite readily, in the embodiment of FIGS. 26 and 27, the pad 940 is reversible. This can be reversed by simply removing the bolt 964 and the studs 960 and rotating the pads so that rather than surface 941 being the ground contact surface, the surface 943 is the ground contact surface.
A further embodiment of the present invention is now illustrated in FIGS. 28–33. This particular pad construction may be referred to as an offset pad. It has been found that due to certain machine constraints, clearances between the pad and machine make this offset arrangement more advantageous. For example, machine tires or fenders may be arranged so that a symmetrical type pad cannot be employed. The design in this last embodiment provides an offset arrangement yet allowing the loading on the resilient pads to be equalized. Proper pad balance may be achieved without the use of additional counterweights.
FIG. 28 is a depiction of a backhoe 875 with there being provided a stabilizer arm 876 depicted as having the offset pad 880 affixed thereto. By way of example it is noted that a fender 877 is arranged in a manner so that if the symmetrical pad were to be used there would be interference between the pad and the body of the vehicle. Accordingly, by means of this offset pad arrangement there is no interference between the pad and any parts of the body of the vehicle.
The pad 880 is constructed with a base 882 having, as illustrated in, for example, FIG. 30, offset legs 890 and 891. Associated with legs 890 and 891 are upstanding flanges 892 and 893, respectively. Each of these flanges have a pair of grouser points 894 such as illustrated in FIG. 33. FIG. 31 shows the pad in the position in which the grouser points are engaging the ground surface.
This last embodiment of the present invention also illustrates a resilient pad 975, one associated with each of the legs 890 and 891. The pad 975 may be constructed of a series of separate resilient strips 976, all secured together and disposed within a U-shaped holder 977. As illustrated in FIGS. 31–33, a series of rods 979 may be employed to hold the resilient pad in the U-shaped holder 977. For a somewhat similar pad construction refer to U.S. Pat. No. 4,761,021 which is hereby incorporated by reference hereinto.
As illustrated in FIG. 30, the offset legs 890 and 891 are of different length. Leg 890 is shorter than the leg 891. Accordingly, the resilient pad on the leg 890 is arranged more towards the outer end of the pad construction while the pad associated with leg 891 is disposed more inwardly of the pad construction.
This embodiment of the present invention also illustrates an important concept in a releasable latch. Although this releasable latch is illustrated with regard to the embodiment of FIGS. 28–33, such a releasable latch may also be used with other embodiments of the present invention described herein.
This embodiment of the invention illustrates the latch 980. The latch 980 is supported from the arm by means of a pivot pin 982. Also supported from the arm is a fixed position stop 984. The latch 980 has a slot 986 for engaging with the stop 984. As illustrated is, for example, FIG. 31 a cam 988 is provided to interact with the latch 980. The cam 988 is supported from bushing 990. The cam 988 may be a fixed metal rod. The releasable latch 980 is made of a resilient material. It may be of material 95a Duro with a thickness of 7⁄8ths inch.
Now, with regard to FIG. 31, it is noted that the latch is basically in its locked position. The stop 984 is engaged with the latch and the far end of the latch is in turn engaged with the cam 988. However, because the latch 980 is resilient it will allow the pad to reverse if potentially damaging obstacles are encountered when operating the machine.
Also, the latch can be released as is illustrated in FIG. 32. By pushing the latch manually in the direction of arrow 991, the latch essentially disengages from cam 988. This permits the pad to then be rotated to the position illustrated if FIG. 33 with the resilient pads now in engagement with the ground surface. In connection with the illustration of FIG. 32, it is noted that the latch 980 has a tab 993 that functions as a spring to return the latch to its locked position. In the position of FIG. 33 the latch is in its locked position but is not in engagement with the cam as the pad has been rotated to its other position.
In the previous embodiments described in FIGS. 4–33, as well as other embodiments to be described hereinafter, the pad is shown as a laminated pad with several separate pad layers. In other embodiments in accordance with the invention, such as illustrated in FIG. 16, the pad may be a single pad pack of laminated construction, or alternatively, a pad pack of a single piece block or multiple blocks. When a block of resilient material is used it may be molded or otherwise formed, such as by cutting from a larger block of resilient material. When individual layers or strips are used they are preferably oriented vertically, as illustrated in FIG. 16, or could be oriented horizontally or angularly. When individual trips, blocks or layers are used they may be joined together using various techniques such as gluing, stapling, screwing, nailing, riveting, bolting or welding. Also, the strips, blocks or layers may be encapsulated by dipping, molding, coating, or shrink-wrapping with various components.
In at least some of the previous embodiments described in FIGS. 4–33, as well as other embodiments to be described hereinafter, the pad is reversible. Not only that, but also, the pad is formed as a pad pack or pad assembly making the reversal of the pad very easy. The pad packs can be stored, each as a unit, and in readiness for use. Also, the pad pack arrangement makes it easy to reverse from one side of the pad to the other, without having to disassemble any part of the pad pack. This ease of use and reversal makes the pad more useable in the field. This is invaluable, in that operating with worn out pads causes substantial damage to paved surfaces. The repair of the damaged surface is typically an additional expense that can be readily avoided with the construction of the present invention.
Reference is now made to FIGS. 34 through 36 for another embodiment of the present invention. This describes a stabilizer pad construction in which the resilient pad is directly supported from the arm of the machine. As with other embodiments described herein, the stabilizer arm 1014 has the stabilizer pads 1018 supported therefrom by means of opposite end pin segments of support pin 1016. In the version of FIGS. 34 and 35, there are two pad packs supported, respectively, outboard on either side of the arm 1014. Each pad pack is comprised of a plurality of resilient pad layers 1019 that are held together by oppositely disposed side plates 1020. Also shown in FIGS. 34 and 35 are through pins 1022. These may be solid or hollow pins. In FIG. 34 two of these are shown associated with each pad pack, however, any number of securing pins may be used. Each pin may be held to the side plate by being flanged at the end. See also FIG. 37 for an illustration of the flanging operation. Alternatively, the pins or rods may be welded at their ends to the side plates, or a bolting arrangement may be used
In FIGS. 34 through 36 each of the pad packs are supported directly from opposite ends of the support pin 1016. Each of the pad packs is held to its associated pin segment by means of a sleeve 1024 which extends through the pad pack, a washer 1026 and a cotter pin 1028. The sleeve 1024 may be a permanent part of the pad pack and is readily engageable and disengageable with the pin 1016. The pin 1016 is preferably a single piece pin but could also be two separate pins. In the illustrated embodiment the pin 1016 is free to rotate in the arm 1014. In the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 34 through 36 the pad pack is readily reversible so that either surface 1018A or 1018B may be used as the ground engaging surface. A latch arrangement (not shown) may be used for holding the pad pack in a particular ground engaging surface. FIG. 35 shows, in solid outline, the pad with the surface 1018A in ground engagement and also shows, in dotted outline, the rotation of the pad so as to change to the opposite surface. Also, in the embodiment of FIGS. 34 and 35 the pad packs are separately supported and thus need not be rotated from one position to the other in unison. Should the wear be uneven on either pad pack, then it is possible that only one pad pack will be reversed and the other maintained in the existing ground engaging position. FIG. 36 is a front elevational view of the pad construction of FIG. 34, partially broken away to show the pad construction.
In the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 34 through 36 it is noted that there is no flanged weldment and instead, each of the pad packs is mounted in a relatively simple manner directly from the associated pad support pin. This provides a relative simple and inexpensive, and yet durable, pad construction.
FIG. 37 shows an alternate way of securing a hollow pin or tube 1023 within the pad pack 1018. FIG. 37 also schematically illustrates the flaring or swaging tool 1025 that is closed in the direction of arrows 1027 to flare the opposite ends of the securing tube 1023. The flared end of the tube 1023 bear against the side plates and hold the laminate in a secure position, making for a tight pad pack. Any number of securing tubes may be used, preferably at a minimum two, but usually more than two.
Reference is now made to FIGS. 38–41 for another embodiment of the present invention similar to that described in FIGS. 34 through 36. In this embodiment the stabilizer pad construction is also directly supported from the arm of the machine. FIGS. 38-41 illustrate the stabilizer arm 1034, having supported therefrom, the resilient pad packs 1032A and 1032B. Each of these packs is comprised of a plurality of layers that are compressed together. In the particular embodiment of FIGS. 38–41 bolts 1035 are used for securing the laminate layers together usually in a compressed state. The bolts 1035 extend between opposite side plates 1036. The outer facing plate 1036 may be loose and held in position by the bolts 1035, while the inner facing plate 1036 is preferably welded to the sleeve 1038 (see FIG. 40). A lug 1042 is provided between the pad and the arm. The lug 1042 is welded to the sleeve 1038 as indicated at 1043. FIG. 40 also shows a further weld 1045 between the side plate 1036 and the lug 1042. The through sleeve 1038 is shown in FIG. 40 positioned on the support pin 1040. The pad and sleeve are pinned or bolted to the pivot pin 1040. This is provided by the bolt 1046. As illustrated in FIG. 39, there are bolts 1046 on either side of the arm 1034. By bolting the supporting pin with its associated pads, and providing the pin 1040 extending as a single piece pin through the arm, then the pads will rotate together.
FIGS. 38–41 also illustrate a stabilizing or latching arrangement that will inhibit the self-rotation of the resilient pad packs. This structure is illustrated in FIGS. 38–41 as including resilient wheels 1047 that are adapted to cooperate with anti-rotation lugs 1048. The lugs 1048 are integral with the through sleeve 1038. FIG. 38 illustrates the rotation of the pad in the direction of arrows 1049, and further illustrates the manner in which the lugs 1048 limit the rotational movement of the pad by engagement with one or the other of the resilient wheels 1047. FIG. 41 shows the pad 1032 in its normal, horizontally-disposed, position with the lugs 1048 out of engagement with the wheels 1047. However, should the pad start to rotate depending upon the terrain that it is engaging, the lugs 1048 engage with the wheels 1047 and inhibit any further rotation, other than to the extreme positions illustrated in FIG. 38.
The resilient wheels 1047 are constructed of a resilient material so that they are capable of some deflection. Accordingly, when it is desired to rotate from one position to the other, the arm of the machine may be lifted and the operator may then rotate the pad with the lug 1048 passing by the wheel 1047 with a certain amount of force being needed to be applied by the operator to engage past the resilient wheel.
Reference is now made to FIGS. 42 and 43 for a further embodiment of the present invention similar to that illustrated in FIGS. 38–41 but employing a pair of triangular shaped pads 1050. These pads 1050 are also supported by means of a single common support pin 1052 that is supported from the stabilizer arm 1054. This embodiment also includes side plates 1055, bolts 1056, sleeves 1057, lugs 1058 and securing bolts 1060. A resilient wheel latch arrangement is also provided in this embodiment. For this purpose, associated with the sleeve 1057 are three anti-rotation lugs 1062 that are adapted to engage with the two resilient wheels 1064. Each of the two wheels 1064 are supported from the side of the stabilizer arm 1054 as illustrated in FIG. 43. The interaction of the lugs 1062 and the wheels 1064 operate in the same manner as described in connection with the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 38–41, inhibiting the rotation of the pad beyond a certain amount so as to prevent undesired self-flipping of the pad. The bolts 1060 then engage with the lug and the support sleeve to provide for common rotation between the oppositely disposed pads.
Reference is now made to still another embodiment of the present invention illustrated in FIGS. 44–47. In this particular embodiment the pad construction comprises a pair of laterally-disposed side plates or flanges 1066 that are supported from the stabilizer arm 1067 by means of the support pin 1068. The pin 1068 is received by the stabilizer arm 1067 and extends on either side of the arm for support of the side plates 1066. The pin 1068 may be free to rotate in the arm 1067. The pin 1068 may also be free to rotate relative to the flanges, or may be fixed against rotation relative to the flanges. The side plates may be supported in a manner as previously described in conjunction with earlier embodiments such as those illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 5.
In the embodiment of FIGS. 44–47 there is illustrated the laminated resilient pad 1070 that is secured along a lower edge 1071 of the respective side plates or flanges 1066. The laminated resilient pad 1070 is secured by means of three through bolts 1072. The pad itself is a laminated pad constructed of a plurality of secured resilient pad layers. All working loads associated with the apparatus are transferred from the resilient pad material to the side flanges or plates through the pad-supporting member whether it be by means of pins, rods, bolts, lugs, bars, plates, or the like.
The construction illustrate in FIGS. 44–47 also preferably includes a connecting plate 1074 that extends between the laterally disposed side plates 1066. Preferably, the front of the plate 1074 is turned upwardly as indicated at 1075 in FIG. 44. The plate 1074 is primarily for support between the side plates 1066 and is positioned spaced above the pad pack, out of contact therewith.
In the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 44–47 the laminated resilient pad 1070 is also reversible. Once one of the wear surfaces becomes worn down or damaged, the bolts 172 may be withdrawn and the pad can then be reversed so that the opposite side of the pad becomes the ground engaging surface. The bolts are then reinserted and tightened.
This embodiment of the present invention also employs a latch pin 1076 and associated hitch pin 1077. The side plates 1066 are provided with holes 1078 for receiving the latch pin 1076. Each of the holes has a keyway slot for receiving the head 1079 of the latch pin 1076. There is a small hole in the head 1079 of the latch pin 1076 for receiving the hitch pin 1077. FIG. 47 is an exploded view showing the various components of the latch arrangement including the latch pin 1076 and the hitch pin 1077. The latch pin 1076 is shown in FIG. 44 in its stored position, out of use. In this stored position the pin does provide some limited inhibiting of rotation of the pad assembly. In an alternate embodiment the latch pin 1076 can be secured by other means such as a bolt and nut or a large cotter key with a hitch pin.
In FIGS. 44 and 45 it is noted that there are a pair of holes 1078 for receiving the latch pin in either of two different positions depending upon whether the resilient pad is going to be engaging the ground or whether the grouser end 1073 is going to be engaging the ground. In FIG. 44 the resilient side of the pad is engaging the ground while in FIG. 45 the pad has been moved to a position wherein the grouser points at 1073 are engaging the ground. It is furthermore noted that the rotation from one position to the other is not through 180° but instead is through approximately only a 90° rotation of the resilient pad construction. In FIG. 44 the latch pin 1076, in its stored position, is shown disposed between the end of the arm 1067 and the plate 1074. The latch pin 1076 is held in position by the hitch pin 1077 passing through the hole in the head 1079 of the latch pin 1076. In the position illustrated in FIG. 45 the latch pin is inserted in the other hole, the entire pad assembly having being rotated through 90° to the position illustrate in FIG. 45. In this position the latch pin is reinserted and the hitch pin 1077 engages the latch pin to lock it in position. In this position the latch pin 1076 is disposed under the arm 1067 basically holding the pad in the position illustrated in FIG. 45 preventing any significant rotation in either direction. This is desired when the grouser points are engaging the ground in order to provide a firm hold by the grouser end of the pad. It is also noted in this position that the end 1075 of the plate 1074 is about into engagement with the end of the stabilizer arm to inhibit rotation.
Reference is now made to FIGS. 48–51 for another embodiment of the present invention employing a readily reversible pad pack that can be engaged with the weldment in either of alternate positions. The reversal of the pad enables enhanced life of the overall pad construction because after one surface has been worn down the pad can be reversed and the opposite surface can then be used as the ground engaging surface.
In the embodiment of FIGS. 48–51, the weldment is comprised of a pair of laterally disposed plate members or flanges 1086 that are supported from the stabilizer arm 1087. A pin 1088 pivotally supports the side plates 1086 from the stabilizer arm 1087. The laminated resilient pad 1080 is constructed as a pad pack, illustrated in the exploded view of FIG. 50 as comprising a series of laminated layers 1081 that are held together by appropriate means such as the securing members 1082. In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 50 there are six such members that are employed, although fewer or greater numbers may be employed. The laminated pad 1080 also has a centrally disposed through-hole 1083 for receiving the retaining bolt 1084.
FIG. 51 illustrates the construction of the pad pack 1080, including the securing members for holding the pad together. This may include a center rod 1090. The laminated pad is drilled to snugly receive the rod 1090. The rod 1090 may be, for example, a thee-quarter inch diameter rod that is adapted to snugly or even force fit through the laminated pad assembly. A three-quarter inch washer 1091 is placed over the end of the rod against the end laminate layer. A metal side plate may also be used between the washer and the end laminate layer. The laminate layers are preferably compressed to a proper width and a one inch outside diameter sleeve 1092 is slid over the end of the rod and tack-welded as indicated at 1093 in FIG. 51. This arrangement holds the laminate construction in an integral pad pack configuration. FIG. 50 shows the angled slots 1095 in which the sleeve is adapted to mate. It is noted that these slots are preferably angled, although they could also be disposed perpendicular to the bottom edge of the flange. Once the sleeves are placed in the slots, then the resilient pad pack is maintained in position by inserting the retaining bolt 1084 through the hole 1083 in the pad as well as through the hole 1096 in each of the side plates 1086. FIG. 51 also shows in phantom outline a skirt 1097 that may be used to cover the ends of the sleeves 1092. This may be tack-welded as indicated at 1098.
FIG. 52 is a fragmentary cross-sectional view of an alternate embodiment of pad construction. This illustrates a fragment of the laminate layers 1101 being held together by a steel pipe 1102. The steel pipe may have an outer diameter of three quarters of an inch. This pipe may be peened over in order to retain the sleeve 1103 and washer 1104. This arrangement is useable instead of providing welding.
FIGS. 53A and 53B illustrate stilt a further alternate arrangement illustrating a fragment of a pad at 1106 the use of a supporting rod 1108. This may be a one inch outer diameter rod or pin that is force-fit into an undersized hole through the resilient rubber pad. By providing an undersized hole and force-fitting, no further retainers are necessary and the pin will remain in a position wherein it extends a slight distance from either end of the laminate pad for engagement with the slots in the side plate.
Reference is now made to FIG. 54 which is a perspective view of a further alternate embodiment of a pad construction. This pad construction is similar to that described in FIG. 48 including side plates 1110 and interconnecting plate 1112 with the turned lip 1113 at either end. At one end the lip is turned up and at the other end it is turned down. The resilient rubber pad construction may be substantially identical to that described in FIG. 50 employing end sleeves that are adapted to engage in lower slots of the side plates. This embodiment also illustrates a pair of skirts 1114 that may be tack-welded at 1115. These skirts are used to protect the mounting slots from distortion during the use of the pad. FIG. 54 also illustrates a retaining pin 1116 that may be used in place of the retaining bolt 1084 illustrated in FIG. 50. The retaining pin 1116 may a three quarter inch diameter rod that is force-fit into an undersized hole in the pad. This pin may be pushed out with a hammer and drift pin. The pin 1116 when removed enables the reversal of the resilient rubber pack. The retaining pin 1116 may also be in the form of a bar, plate or other elongated member, and may be alternatively secured by being molded into a solid pack so that it would thereby be an integral part of the pack.
In accordance with still a further alternate version of the invention, and with reference to the embodiment of FIG. 54, the through hole in the pad can actually be of larger diameter than the pin or other support bar, thereby simplifying the pad assembly construction, with the pin or bar being glued into place. Alternatively, the pin or bar could be supported loosely in the through hole or passage, but would be retained in place by means of the side skirts 1114, when the pack is installed between the side flanges or plates 1110. In this arrangement the pad pack is preferably of laminated construction and is held together, such as by the aforementioned techniques including gluing in order to provide a self-supporting pad pack.
Reference is now made to a further embodiment of the present invention illustrated in FIGS. 54A–54D. This embodiment of the invention is similar to that described in FIG. 48. The stabilizer pad construction includes a pair of laterally disposed side flanges or plates 1120 that is supported, by means of rotating pin 1124, from the distal end of the stabilizer arm 1122. The lateral flanges or plate members 1120 are substantially the same as described in FIG. 50 including at their lower edge receiving slots 1126. The slots 1126 receive the end sleeves 1128 at the ends of the support rods 1129 of the resilient pad pack. 1130. The laminate rubber pad 1130 also is provided with a through hole 1133 that receives the retaining pin 1134. The retaining pin 1134, as in the embodiment of FIG. 50, is also received by the hole 1135 in each of the lateral plates 1120.
The laminate rubber pack 1130 is meant to engage the lateral side plates 1120 in the same manner as described in connection with FIG. 50. The primary difference between the embodiment of FIG. 54 and that of FIG. 48 is that the embodiment of FIG. 54D now includes a T-bar 1138 that provides support between the cross-plate 1140 and the pad pack 1130. The cross-plate 1140 extends between the lateral side plates 1120. It is noted that the opposite ends of the cross-plate 1140 are turned down as indicated at 1141. This assists in retaining the T-bar 1138 in position, as illustrated in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 54C. The T-bar 1138 is generally free-floating between the pad and plate 1140, and provides some transfer of forces fro the pad to the weldment, and from there, to the arm of the machine.
The laminated pad 1130, as noted, has a gap 1144 between opposite side laminate sections. In the preferred arrangement the securing rods 1129 are force-fit with the laminate leaving the gap 1144 between the different side sections. This gap allows for easy assembly and provides looser tolerances for the compressed rubber strips or layers. This gap is sized to receive the base of the T-bar 1138, as illustrated in FIG. 54B.
As illustrated in FIGS. 54B and 54C, the bottom of the T-bar 1138 disposed above the rods 1129. Deflective forces against the bottom of the pad are transferred through the rods to the T-bar 1138 and the cross-plate 1140. This prevents the bending of the rods 1129.
FIGS. 54A and 54D also illustrate a latch arrangement including the locking pin 1147 that engages between the side walls 1120. The locking pin 1147 has an extending leg 1148 that is secured by means of the hitch pin 1150. The latch pin is shown in its storage position in FIG. 54A. It is also noted that the side plates 1120 also have another hole for receiving the locking pin 1148 so that when the pad is moved to the grouser point engaging position, as in FIG. 49, the locking pin 1148 can retain the pad in that position. Refer to the discussion hereinbefore regarding the use of the pin 1076 in the version of FIG. 45. In the embodiment of FIG. 54A the hitch pin 1150 is used in the same location to retain the locking pin in place, holding the grouser points in a firm position in ground engagement.
Reference is now made to FIGS. 55–57 for another version of a latch arrangement in accordance with the present invention. This particular embodiment of the pad construction includes a weldment 1160 that supports three pad assemblies 1162. The metal weldment 1160 is provided on the opposite side with grouser points 1163. The weldment 1160 is supported for rotation from the stabilizer arm 1165 by means of the support pin 1168. In FIG. 55 the stabilizer pad construction is shown in a position in which the grouser points are facing downwardly.
FIGS. 55–57 also show the latch arrangement that is employed with this structure. This includes the pivotal latch 1170 which is shown in solid outline in FIGS. 55 and 56 as having its leg 1171 in a position over the edge of the weldment 1160.
In this position the weldment and the whole pad assembly are prevented from rotation to the resilient pad side. This prevents self-flipping from the grouser point side to the resilient pad side of the assembly. FIG. 56 also shows, in phantom outline, the latch 1170 moved to its unlocked position enabling the pad assembly to be rotated from one side to the other.
The latch arrangement depicted in FIGS. 55–57 also includes, in addition to the latch member 1170, support plates 1174 and elongated bolts 1176. The bolts 1176 are used to clamp the plates 1174 about the stabilizer arm 1165. The latch 1170 is adapted to rotate about one of the bolts 1176 between the two opposite positions illustrated in FIG. 56 including a latching position and an unlatched position.
FIG. 57 illustrates a bushing 1180 that provides the support between the bolt shaft and the latch 1170. This bushing limits the squeezing of the elastomeric material of the latch 1170 so as to provide proper friction against any inadvertent rotation. The latch 1170 also includes a stop pin 1182. The pin 1182 extends from the polyethylene latch 1170. In the position shown in solid outline in FIG. 56, the stop pin 1182 is butted up against the end of the plate 1174. This limits the position of the latch in the counter clock-wise direction of rotation. In the position shown in FIG. 56 in phantom, the stop pin also limits the clock-wise rotation of the latch by bearing against the end of the plate 1174.
The bushing 1180 is preferably press fit into the elastomeric material of the latch 1170. The sleeve of the bushing is slightly longer than the hole depth in the latch so as to slightly stick out therefrom. As the bushing is clamped, the friction between the bushing and latch provides some resistance to rotation, so that the latch will not inadvertently rotate from one position to the other.
In the embodiment of FIG. 55 it is noted that the latch is secured to the arm 1165. In another embodiment of the invention the latch may be secured to the pad itself, and be positioned to engage and disengage with the arm to prevent rotation.
Having thus described several aspects of at least one embodiment of this invention, it is to be appreciated various alterations, modifications, and improvements will readily occur to those skilled in the art. Such alterations, modifications, and improvements are intended to be part of this disclosure, and are intended to be within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the foregoing description and drawings are by way of example only.

## Claims

1. A stabilizer pad assembly for use with a stabilizer arm, the stabilizer pad assembly comprising:
a pair of laterally spaced apart plate members each having one and another ends, the pair of plate members being pivotally attached to a stabilizer arm by a pin extending laterally between facing surfaces of respective plate members at said one free end thereof;
at least one resilient pad formed with at least one passage extending transversely therethrough between opposite sides of said resilient pad, and having opposite work surfaces;
said plate members having, at said another free end thereof, at least one receiving hole; and
a retainer removeably engageable with said plate member receiving hole and said pad passage, removable to permit said resilient pad to be moved between said opposite working surfaces and to be re-engagable so as to permit selective positioning of either of said opposite working surfaces for use as a surface for ground engagement;
wherein said pad is comprised of a plurality of resilient pad layers and a plurality of securing members that retain the layers together;
wherein the securing members each have ends that are received in a corresponding slot in plate member edges at said another end.

2. A stabilizer pad assembly as set forth in claim 1 wherein each of the slots is angled.

3. A stabilizer pad assembly as set forth in claim 3
wherein the slots and the securing members are disposed on opposite sides of the receiving hole.

4. A stabilizer pad assembly for use with a stabilizer arm, the stabilizer pad assembly comprising:
a pair of laterally spaced apart plate members each having one and another free ends, the pair of plate members being pivotally attached to a stabilizer arm by a pin extending laterally between facing surfaces of respective plate members at said one free end thereof;
at least one resilient pad formed with at least one passage extending transversely therethrough between opposite sides of said resilient pad, and having opposite work surfaces;
said plate members having, at said another free end thereof, at least one receiving hole;
a retainer removeably engageable with said plate member receiving hole and said pad passage, removable to permit said resilient pad to be moved between said opposite working surfaces and to be re-engagable so as to permit selective positioning of either of said opposite working surfaces for use as a surface for ground engagement; and
a connecting plate between the plate members for support therebetween.

5. A stabilizer pad assembly as set forth in claim 4 wherein said connecting plate is disposed over but spaced from the pad assembly.

6. A stabilizer pad assembly as set forth in claim 5 including a t-bar member between the pad assembly and the connecting plate.

7. A stabilizer pad assembly as set forth in claim 6 wherein the t-bar member extends into a slot between pad layers and transfers some force from the pad to the connecting plate.

8. A stabilizer pad assembly for use with a stabilizer arm of earthmoving eguipment, the stabilizer pad assembly comprising:
a pair of laterally spaced apart plate members each having proximal and distal ends, the pair of plate members being pivotally attached to the stabilizer arm by a pin extending laterally between facing surfaces of respective plate members at said proximal ends thereof;
at least one resilient pad formed with at least one passage extending transversely therethrough between opposite sides of said resilient pad, and having opposite work surfaces;
said plate members each having, at said another end thereof, at least one receiving hole; and
means removeably engageable between said plate member hole and said pad to permit said resilient pad to be moved between said opposite working surfaces and to be re-engagable so as to permit selective positioning of either of said opposite working surfaces for use as a surface for ground engagement;
said resilient pad being constructed and arranged so as to be rotatable through an angle on the order of 180 degrees relative to said plate members between said opposite work surfaces wherein either work surface can be in ground engagement
wherein said resilient pad is comprised of a plurality of resilient pad layers and a plurality of securing rods that retain the layers together including a sleeve at the end of each rod engageable with a slot in the plate member.

9. A stabilizer pad assembly for use with a stabilizer arm of earth moving equipment, the stabilizer pad assembly comprising:
a pair of laterally spaced apart plate members each having proximal and distal ends, the pair of plate members being pivotally attached to the stabilizer arm by a pin extending laterally between facing surfaces of respective plate members at said proximal ends thereof;
at least one resilient pad formed with at least one passage extending transversely therethrough between opposite sides of said resilient pad, and having opposite work surfaces;
said plate members each having, at said another end thereof, at least one receiving hole; and
means removeably engageable between said plate member hole and said pad to permit said resilient pad to be moved between said opposite working surfaces and to be re-engagable so as to permit selective positioning of either of said opposite working surfaces for use as a surface for ground engagement;
wherein said resilient pad has at least one securing member for supporting said resilient pad from said plate members by means of at least one slot therein that receives an end of said securing member.

10. A stabilizer pad assembly as set forth in claim 9
wherein said securing member comprises a rod that is force fit with said resilient pad.

11. A stabilizer pad assembly as set forth in claim 9
wherein said securing member comprises at least one support rod having opposite ends that extend from said resilient pad and are received in respective slots of said plate members.

12. A stabilizer pad assembly as set forth in claim 4 including a plurality of rods spacedly disposed in said resilient pad and a corresponding plurality of slots spacedly disposed along said another end of said plate member.

13. A stabilizer pad assembly as set forth in claim 12
wherein said rods are disposed along a linear locus and said slots are disposed along a linear locus.

14. A stabilizer pad assembly for use with a stabilizer arm of earthmoving eguipment, the stabilizer pad assembly comprising:
a pair of laterally spaced apart plate members each having proximal and distal ends, the pair of plate members being pivotally attached to the stabilizer arm by a pin extending laterally between facing surfaces of respective plate members at said proximal ends thereof;
at least one resilient pad formed with at least one passage extending transversely therethrough between opposite sides of said resilient pad, and having opposite work surfaces;
said plate members each having, at said another end thereof, at least one receiving hole; and
means removeably engageable between said plate member hole and said pad to permit said resilient pad to be moved between said opposite working surfaces and to be re-engagable so as to permit selective positioning of either of said opposite working surfaces for use as a surface for ground engagement;
said resilient pad being constructed and arranged so as to be rotatable through an angle on the order of 180 degrees relative to said plate members between said opposite work surfaces wherein either work surface can be in ground engagement including a connecting plate between the plate members for support therebetween.

15. A stabilizer pad assembly as set forth in claim 14 including a t-bar between said connecting plate and said resilient pad.

16. A stabilizer pad assembly for use with a stabilizer arm of earthmoving equipment, the stabilizer pad assembly comprising:
a pair of laterally spaced apart plate members each having one and another ends, the pair of plate members being pivotally attached to a stabilizer arm by a pin extending between respective plate members at said one end thereof;
at least one resilient pad having opposite work surfaces;
said plate members having, at said another end thereof, at least one open receiving slot;
said resilient pad supporting at least one supporting rod that extends from said resilient pad;
an end of said supporting rod accommodated in said receiving slot so as to provide an engagement therebetween.

17. A stabilizer pad assembly as set forth in claim 16 including a securing pin removeably engageable with said plate member and said resilient pad, removable to permit said resilient pad to be moved between said opposite working surfaces and to be re-engagable so as to permit selective positioning of either of said opposite working surfaces for use as a surface for ground engagement.

18. A stabilizer pad assembly as set forth in claim 17 including a plurality of spaced apart receiving slots and a plurality of spaced apart supporting rods.

19. A stabilizer pad assembly as set forth in claim 18 wherein each supporting rod extends from opposite sides of said resilient pad.

20. A stabilizer pad assembly as set forth in claim 19 wherein each slot is a straight slot.

21. A stabilizer pad assembly as set forth in claim 19 wherein each slot is an angled slot.

22. In a piece of earthmoving equipment that includes a pair of plate members that are pivotally attached to a stabilizer arm of the earthmoving equipment by a pin extending between respective plate members and at least one resilient pad adapted for support between said plate members, characterized in that:
said pad having opposite work surfaces;
means removeably engageable between said plate members and said pad to permit said resilient pad to be supported between said plate members, moveable between said opposite work surfaces and to be re-engagable so as to permit selective positioning of either of said opposite work surfaces for use as a surface for ground engagement;
wherein said means removeably engageable includes at least one open receiving slot in at least one of the plate members and at least one supporting rod that extends from said resilient pad, an end of said supporting rod accommodated in said receiving slot so as to provide an engagement therebetween.

23. In the equipment of claim 22 including a securing pin removeably engageable with said plate member and said resilient pad, removable to permit said resilient pad to be moved between said opposite working surfaces and to be re-engagable so as to permit selective positioning of either of said opposite working surfaces for use as a surface for ground engagement.

24. In the equipment of claim 23 including a plurality of spaced apart receiving slots and a plurality of spaced apart supporting rods.

25. In the equipment of claim 24 wherein each supporting rod extends from opposite sides of said resilient pad.