OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF TEXAS 

AUSTIN 
Cm. Joe ~unsci:lk, Y&y 2S, 1939, Pa@ 2 

:irticle 1579 oft!m Pal Code, Verncm*a Annotated stttuteu, povit%3e for tm elgbt-hour wo&*y for 

laborore, wcrkmn or mahenlos employed by or an behalf 

of the state op ccunty in oertain typeo OS work. It 

made oe routxtst 

-~U%lole 1579.. $ luht haurs a dny rolk. 

El&t &aura &all ocnetftute (t day's wvrk for 

all laborers, worh!&w~ or nrsohttnlos who my be 

oqloyod by or on behalf of the ateta o? Taras, 
Ron. Joe ihnscIdk, Kay ES, X9939, Page S 

d00irq such iWl?k, eXC0fi &I OCi8eB Of SE-, 

whhioh my urise L? tinm of wsr, or ILI oaaa8 

-.&era it my bocoaa nooossary to work mom thm 

eit;ht (Et) hours p0r calendar day for the proteatlm or property, inman life or the nsoasslttp 

0r h0~ehg lnmami of publio institutiam in 

aas0 of Sirs or destrwtlm by the elements 01 

in oases where the total number of hours pc@ 

week required or 

workmn ar msah tulf 

srulttsd of any suoh labor, 

c, engaged on work fimuioed 

in whole or in part by the m Oovexnmmt 

or 8ay rgaaoy thereof, da08 not aoosd the msc 
Bon. Joe Xunschlk, kky 23, 193Q, Pago 4 

far hire or wages, under the Glrectlm of his 

~~~~ploytzr, muter or aUpriorrm 

Bomler*s law Dlatlomiry, Vol. 3, p. 9488, defire8 a ~orkwn~ us: 

-Y* 

*chS Who lObOl%i OIIe WbO La WlOYed tO 

work for another+* 

A neohaaio, accordin.~ to DouvIer*a Lm DlotlonVol. 2, p* 2384, lsst 

%ay alllod worker vlth toot: a - 

lrho shapea end applioa matuiil in the aoantmacr 

t&m of halmu; al0 aotually oxlgqod vlth hla 

am handn lu oamntruotim wark.* 
Hon. Zoe Kunaohlk, Eay 23, 1939, P(ige 3 

la to watch during tho nL@t anc k&e 

ty of Cis azployer. See Slz&~to~ v. 

Pba. 823, 22 mv. 91. The 6*LLlee Qnd __. . -_ _. - . 

Cape Or the propC.P 

alr0kQ county, 55 

rsaponsibllitlos of _ -_ _.- 

e 32-t wutomsn are imixtec by.oustom ant caruutioc. 

Ho is universally raaognleed QB a workman. The addltlan 

to the rogW dutlos by the aisployer generally of lnol~-- 

dental and supplementary tasks nui&A.mas detemlne beyond 

a ahdow OS a doubt 6tatua of the nl@t watahman as a labO=. tithe kloAdsm8 v. iIlll.s, supra, the night watchman hnd the task of flrlq the bollor. This job was uadoubtodly one oi the reasons Vhyth0 lury held the n&at 

ratohmnto baa&bararIrthatlmtenvs. Xurthermro 

the o o urhet ltd h a tt he jurvy a s l utbor lsto a d find th a t 

the nig hvt a to b mhll 0J.the u 8t8tua o f a la boror . 

oaltraat to the eouruol for 

aeutlal8,pro~~t~tth4 

aball h&v0 no power to enter 

OS the oltyvMmut the appmal of t;bs oemmoa 

T&m mmult of the Bsdd we ,Glty af DoWalt bacus 
WI-I. Joe EunscNk, lGRy 29, lQS9, Pc;go 6 

was to bring the night watc!xmn u:thin the tight (8) hour 

day ordimnce as a laborer, wor"~ or ~echunlo. 

Bile wutohlng and guarding the property of hls 

tmployer are the prlnolpal duties of the night watchman, 

almost Invariably he has incidental tasks or funotlons to 

perform w!Azh would bring him wlthln the Qhorer* or "rorkman* clasaifloatim avtx tithe prlmsry tat&.8 of wwatohlng 

and guardlngW and tha nature of work required in parformlngthw didnot fix his status as such. 

we wish to poiIlt0uttkattbs1anguage osartlol4 lS80, aupm, in its first mmton44 appear8 to go b4- 

yapg the alerrstlW4tion w&b4r4r, workaon, m4henlo*r 

This sonton~e reeda 4s follmur 

*All 4altr4ota mod4 bJ or OLL boh4l.f of .tho 

atateoiTatar, orbyororbehdfoSanyoopoI 

tr, nunl4lpol& or other lo& or poli*lw& 

aubdivlaion oi,tho otote, dth any owporetlan, 

tutbg a dlb o niyersel8 (8 t . iU(gah8) rdo

ot 4 r euuo

r

r8n*l as 4or ). - lng 

a4 0t4t~4wi3rOt0*p4r4404*ittht4 pOintc 

ThQ it doe& wltla -&borer' 4nd "loboror8, WceRQ, or 

MObUtlQfl. Inrloroi our holg,i%g it is tmaeoe~uucy to 

b4l&uh4th4rOrn&tth4 WOp4Orth4 4t4tut4 l44a4+ 

4d by tli4 r & r a l t o nto no e. 

Iour ottoattosi 18 oeled to the exoeptlau of 

4rtlal4 ~1580 44 4m4444& 044 OS th4 4X44ptiaI4 i* *in 

dosor whore 1 t my b- n444444ry ta roTk mm.4 Wmn 

bight (8) hours p4r 44l4nd4r dey r0r the prot44tlloa oi 

propertq 0 * * a. 14 do mot ocm&a%ethi~ to apply to the 

perriaapaaa4 or rcnlthe ZIlght wotebma duty. F4d4rel soworlIme& Qlploymont 4X44pticm ml&it rppl.5 

of ooura4* there i8 no sxlyr4844d or irapl%od oxeuuptia. of a n&tit watohmau in the wow of either artida. 

It 3.8 mr 4444lti t&t a night uatobwb irr 

within the soopo 0r th4 alassiff4atf4u OS *lebtmor8, wark- 
Han. Joe &un80h1k, billy 2.5, 19s9, Page 7 

mm or m30hanlcsn, ooawm to bo~6xrtlolos 1579 and l.580, 

as amended, of the Penal Coda Vernm's ANlotlltou statutoa, 

'*d-as a reeult is eubjaot to tha pravlelans of artlals 

1580, au amended, Lfthe ofher oondlt.tims Or the statute 

4r4 sat1u.f1e& nr0u.cw3in4mm3rtoyowseo0ndfp3atlaa,thrrt tithe nlghtwatobaaa,inadditioato th4aatahing or guarding of the pr41aia48, 1s alao repulred ti-aricum dutlea subet-aatlallp and natarlally ln~ol~ 

pramotlng tho ocmstruotlaa ot a bulldlng ho woul 9 be 

4ubj44t to the pravi4hm4 of 4rtiol4 J.576, as omeU4& ii 

th4oth4r4mditlais4g~tho8t4sut44r4a4t. 

.~t~ttratttrsabero~tltulrr~'~two 

&tW4S,WWO 

Yours tory truly 

hwa& 0-L UP cmA8