OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF TEXAS
AUSTINCm. Joe ~unsci:lk, Y&y 2S, 1939, Pa@ 2

:irticle

1579 oft!m Pal Code, Verncm*aAnnotated stttuteu,povit%3e for tm elgbt-hourwo&*y for laborore,

wcrkmn or mahenlos employedby or an behalf of the state op ccunty in oertain typeo OS work. It made oe routxtst

-~U%lole 1579.. $luht haurs a dny rolk. El&t &aura &all ocnetftute(t day's **wvrk** for all laborers,

worh!&w~

or nrsohttnlos

who my be oqloyod by or on behalf of the ateta o? Taras,Ron. Joe ihnscIdk,Kay ES, X9939, Page S
d00irq such **iWl?k, eXC0fi**  &I OCi8eB **Of** SE-, whhioh my urise L? tinm of wsr, or ILI oaaa8 -.&era it my bocoaa nooossary to work mom thm eit;ht (Et) hours p0r calendarday for the proteatlm or property,inman life or the nsoasslttp 0r h0~ehg lnmami of publio institutiam in aas0 of Sirs 

### or destrwtlm by the elements 01 in oases where the total number of hours pc@ week required

### or workmn ar msah

tulf srulttsdof any suoh labor, **c, engaged**  **on work**  fimuioed **in whole**  **or in**  **part by**  **the m**  **Oovexnmmt or**  **8ay rgaaoy**  thereof, **da08 not**  **aoosd the**  **msc**Bon. Joe Xunschlk,kky 23, 193Q, Pago 4

far hire or wages, under the Glrectlm of his ~~~~ploytzr,

muter or aUpriorrm Bomler*s law Dlatlomiry, Vol. 3, p. 9488, defire8 a 

### ~orkwn~ us:



### -Y* *chS Who 

### lObOl%i

OIIe WbO 

### La WlOYed tO work for another+* 

### A neohaaio,

accordin.~

to 

### DouvIer*a

Lm DlotlonVol.2, p* 2384,

lsst %ay alllod worker

vlthtoot: a - lrho shapea 

### end applioa matuiil 

### in the aoantmacr t&m of halmu; al0 aotually 

### oxlgqod vlth hla am handn

lu oamntruotim

**wark.***Hon. Zoe Kunaohlk,Eay 23, 1939, P(ige 3

la to watch during tho nL@t anc k&e ty of Cis azployer. See Slz&~to~ v. Pba. **823, 22**  mv. 91. The 6*LLlee Qnd

__. . -_ _. - . Cape Or the propC.P alr0kQ county, 55 rsaponsibllitlos

of

_ -_ _.- e 32-t wutomsn are imixtec by.oustom ant caruutioc. Ho is universally raaognleedQB a workman. The addltlan to the rogW dutlos by the aisployer generallyof lnol~-- dentaland supplementary tasks nui&A.masdetemlne beyond a ahdow OS a doubt 6tatua of the nl@t watahman as a labO=. tithe kloAdsm8 v. iIlll.s, supra, the night watchman hnd the task of flrlq the bollor. This job was uadoubtodly one oi the reasons Vhyth0 lury held the n&at ratohmnto baa&bararIrthatlmtenvs. 

### Xurthermro the o o ur t he ld th a t the jur y v a s l utbor lsa d

to find

th a t **the** nig h t

v a to bmll

h 0J.u the **8t8tua** o f

ala boror .



### oaltraat

to 

### the eouruolfor 

### aeutlal8,pro~~t~tth4 **aball h&v0**  **no power**  to enter 

### OS the oltyvMmut the appmal of t;bs oemmoa T&m mmult of the Bsdd we ,Glty af 

### DoWalt bacusWI-I.

Joe EunscNk, lGRy

29, lQS9, Pc;go

6

was to bring the night watc!xmnu:thin the tight (8) hour day ordimnce as a laborer,wor"~ or ~echunlo.

Bile wutohlng and guardingthe property of hls tmployer are the prlnolpalduties of the night watchman, almost Invariably he has incidentaltasks or funotlonsto perform w!Azh would bring him wlthln the Qhorer* or "rorkman* clasaifloatim avtx tithe prlmsry tat&.8 of 

### wwatohlng and guardlngW **and** tha nature of work required in parformlngthw didnot fix his status as such.

we wish to poiIlt0uttkattbs1anguage osartlol4 lS80, aupm, in its first mmton44 appear8 to go b4- yapg the alerrstlW4tion w&b4r4r, workaon, m4henlo*r This sonton~e reeda 4s follmur

*All 4altr4ota

mod4 bJ or OLL

boh4l.f of .tho atateoiTatar, 

### orbyororbehdfoSanyoopoI **tr, nunl4lpol&**  **or other**  **lo& or**  **poli*lw&** aubdivlaion

oi,tho 

### otote,

dth any 

### owporetlan, 

# b o sl8 e t e i grt (8) h ours e on*l - tutbg a 

# d l yr8 ni . ( U a d 4 r8 4orln g oura ).

a4 0t4t~4wi3rOt0*p4r4404*ittht4 

### pOintc ThQ it doe& 

### wltla -&borer' 4nd "loboror8, WceRQ, or MObUtlQfl. Inrloroi our holg,i%g 

### it is tmaeoe~uucyto b4l&uh4th4rOrn&tth4 WOp4Orth4 4t4tut4 l44a4+ **4d by**  **tli4** r &r at lo nt o n o e.
Iour ottoattosi

18 oeled to the exoeptlau of **4rtlal4 ~1580**  **44 4m4444&**  **044 OS**  **th4 4X44ptiaI4**  **i*** ***in dosor**  **whore 1** **t my**  b- **n444444ry ta**  **roTk mm.4**  **Wmn** bight (8) **hours p4r**  **44l4nd4r dey**  

## r0r the **prot44tlloa oi**  **propertq 0**  ***** ***** **a. 14**  do mot ocm&a%ethi~ to apply to the **perriaapaaa4 or**  **rcnlthe** ZIlght **wotebma duty.**  **F4d4rel sow**  **orlIme&** Qlploymont **4X44pticm** 

### ml&it**rppl.5**

**of ooura4** * **there i8**  **no sxlyr4844d**  **or irapl%od**  **ox euuptia.**  **of a**  **n&tit watohmau**  **in** the **wow of**  **either arti**  **da.** It 3.8

mr **4444lti t&t**  **a night**  **uatobwb irr**  **within the**  **soopo** 0r **th4 alassiff4atf4u**  **OS** ***lebtmor8, wark-** Han. Joe &un80h1k, billy 2.5, 19s9, Page 7

mm or m30hanlcsn,ooawm to bo~6xrtlolos 1579 and l.580, as amended, of the Penal Coda Vernm's ANlotlltou statutoa, '*d-as a reeult is eubjaot to tha pravlelansof artlals 1580, au amended, Lfthe ofher oondlt.tims Or the statute 4r4 sat1u.f1e& nr0u.cw3in4mm3rtoyowseo0ndfp3atlaa,thrrttithe nlghtwatobaaa,inadditioato th4aatahing or **guarding** of the pr41aia48, 

### 1s alao repulred ti-aricum dutlea subet-aatlallp and natarlally ln~ol~ 9 pramotlngtho ocmstruotlaaot a bulldlng ho woul be 4ubj44t to the pravi4hm4 of 4rtiol4 J.576, as omeU4& ii th4oth4r4mditlais4g~tho8t4sut44r4a4t.

.~t~ttratttrsabero~tltulrr~'~two &tW4S,WWO 

### Yours tory truly
hwa& 0-L UP cmA8