IB 

Union Calendar No. 491 

116TH CONGRESS 

2D SESSION H. R. 4644 

[Report No. 116–594, Part I] 

To clarify United States policy toward Libya, advance a diplomatic solution 

to the conflict in Libya, and support the people of Libya. 

IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 

OCTOBER 11, 2019 

Mr. DEUTCH (for himself, Mr. WILSON of South Carolina, Mr. TED LIEU of 

California, and Mr. MALINOWSKI) introduced the following bill; which was 

referred to the Committee on Foreign Affairs, and in addition to the 

Committees on the Judiciary, and Financial Services, for a period to be 

subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration 

of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned 

NOVEMBER 17, 2020 

Additional sponsors: Mr. ALLRED, Mr. KINZINGER, Mr. GONZALEZ of Texas, 

Mr. RESCHENTHALER, Mr. TRONE, Mr. CICILLINE, Mr. VELA, Mr. 

WENSTRUP, Mr. SIRES, Mr. SHERMAN, and Mr. TAYLOR

NOVEMBER 17, 2020 

Reported from the Committee on Foreign Affairs with an amendment 

[Strike out all after the enacting clause and insert the part printed in italic] 

NOVEMBER 17, 2020 

Committees on the Judiciary and Financial Services discharged; committed to 

the Committee of the Whole House on the State of the Union and ordered to be printed 

[For text of introduced bill, see copy of bill as introduced on October 11, 2019] 


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A BILL 

To clarify United States policy toward Libya, advance a 

diplomatic solution to the conflict in Libya, and support 

the people of Libya. 


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1 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa2 tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 

3 SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS. 

4 (a) SHORT TITLE.—This Act may be cited as the 

5 ‘‘Libya Stabilization Act’’. 

6 (b) TABLE OF CONTENTS.—The table of contents for 

7 this Act is as follows: 

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents. 

Sec. 2. Findings; statement of policy. 

TITLE I—IDENTIFYING CHALLENGES TO STABILITY IN LIBYA 

Sec. 101. Report on activities of certain foreign governments and actors in Libya. 

Sec. 102. Report of Russian activities and objectives in Libya. 

Sec. 103. Determination of sanctionable activities of the Libyan National Army 

with respect to Syria. 

TITLE II—ACTIONS TO ADDRESS FOREIGN INTERVENTION IN LIBYA 

Sec. 201. Sanctions with respect to foreign persons leading, directing, or supporting certain foreign government involvement in Libya. 

Sec. 202. Sanctions with respect to foreign persons threatening the peace or stability of Libya. 

Sec. 203. Sanctions with respect to foreign persons who are responsible for or 

complicit in gross violations of internationally recognized 

human rights committed in Libya. 

Sec. 204. Sanctions described. 

Sec. 205. Waiver. 

Sec. 206. Implementation and regulatory authority. 

Sec. 207. Exception relating to importation of goods. 

Sec. 208. Definitions. 

Sec. 209. Suspension of sanctions. 

Sec. 210. Sunset. 

TITLE III—ASSISTANCE FOR LIBYA 

Sec. 301. Humanitarian relief for the people of Libya and international refugees 

and migrants in Libya. 

Sec. 302. Support for democratic governance, elections, and civil society. 

Sec. 303. Engaging international financial institutions to advance Libyan economic recovery and improve public sector financial management. 

Sec. 304. Recovering assets stolen from the Libyan people. 

8 SEC. 2. FINDINGS; STATEMENT OF POLICY. 

9 (a) FINDINGS.—Congress makes the following findings: 


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1 (1) The stability and territorial unity of Libya 

2 is critical to the security of the United States, Eu3 rope, North Africa, and the Sahel, as well as mari4 time routes in the southern Mediterranean Sea. 

5 (2) United States Africa Command (AFRICOM) 

6 identifies containing instability in Libya as one of its 

7 six main lines of effort in Africa and works to sup8 port diplomatic efforts to reconstitute the Libyan 

9 State and to disrupt terrorist organizations that im10 pede that process or threaten United States interests. 

11 (3) According to the Defense Intelligence Agency, 

12 the Islamic State in Libya (ISIS-Libya) is ‘‘de13 graded’’. However, Secretary of Defense Mark Esper 

14 said in November 2019 that there is a continued need 

15 for lethal operations to keep ISIS-Libya in a de16 graded state. 

17 (4) On April 4, 2019, Khalifa Haftar, the com18 mander of the Libyan National Army (LNA) ordered 

19 forces loyal to him to begin a unilateral military op20 eration to take control of Tripoli, the capital of Libya 

21 and seat of the Government of National Accord 

22 (GNA), an interim body that emerged from previous 

23 United Nations-backed negotiations which the United 

24 States Government and the United Nations Security 

25 Council have recognized since 2015. 


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1 (5) Both the LNA, the GNA, and their associated 

2 forces have failed to observe their obligations under 

3 international humanitarian law, increased the geo4 graphic scope of the conflict, ignored calls for de-esca5 lation and a ceasefire, recruited foreign mercenaries, 

6 and intensified ground and air campaigns using 

7 heavy weapons, aircraft, and reportedly using armed 

8 drones provided by foreign powers. 

9 (6) According to then-United Nations Special 

10 Representative and Head of the United Nations Sup11 port Mission in Libya (UNSMIL), Ghassan Salame ́, 

12 weapons provided by foreign powers to the warring 

13 parties in violation of the United Nations arms em14 bargo are being sold to or captured by terrorist 

15 groups active in Libya. 

16 (7) According to the United Nations, since the 

17 LNA offensive began in April 2019, the conflict in 

18 Libya has led to the deaths of more than 2,200 people 

19 and the displacement of more than 150,000 people. 

20 (8) All sides of the conflict have requisitioned the 

21 houses of civilians, targeted medical facilities, and in22 hibited humanitarian access to food, health, and other 

23 life-saving services, worsening humanitarian condi24 tions. 


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1 (9) More than 2,200 refugees and migrants are 

2 detained in detention facilities in Libya with serious 

3 risks of torture, starvation, sexual abuse, and death. 

4 On July 2, 2019, an airstrike against the Tajura De5 tention Center killed 53 and wounded 130 people 

6 trapped in the center. The United Nations has called 

7 for the immediate release, evacuation, and protection 

8 of refugees and migrants detained in conflict zones. 

9 (10) The Department of State’s 2020 Trafficking 

10 in Persons Report states with regard to Libya, ‘‘Traf11 ficking victims—including men, women, and chil12 dren—are highly vulnerable to extreme violence and 

13 other human rights violations in Libya by govern14 mental and non-state armed groups, including: phys15 ical, sexual, and verbal assault; abduction for ransom; 

16 extortion; arbitrary killings; inhumane detention; and 

17 child soldiering. . .Migrants in Libya are extremely 

18 vulnerable to sex and labor trafficking [and . . .] are 

19 vulnerable to exploitation by state and non-state ac20 tors, including employers who refuse to pay laborers’ 

21 wages.’’. 

22 (11) In November 2019, the GNA and the Gov23 ernment of Turkey signed a Memorandum of Under24 standing on maritime boundaries in the Mediterra25 nean Sea. 


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1 (12) According to a July 2020 Department of 

2 Defense Inspector General report, the Wagner Group, 

3 a Russian private military company, has deployed as 

4 many as 2,500 mercenary forces, including some Syr5 ian fighters, advanced equipment, and advanced ca6 pabilities to support the LNA and Russian objectives 

7 in North Africa. 

8 (13) According to a July 2020 Department of 

9 Defense Inspector General report, ‘‘Turkey’s president 

10 acknowledged that his country sent many Syrian 

11 militants to Libya to support the Government of Na12 tional Accord (GNA). . ..USAFRICOM estimated 

13 that 3,500 Syrian mercenaries were in Libya sup14 porting the GNA as of the end of March. Citing press 

15 reports, USAFRICOM stated that an additional 300 

16 Turkish-supported ‘Syrian opposition’ fighters ar17 rived in Libya in early April.’’. 

18 (14) In January 2020, LNA-aligned forces shut 

19 down oil production in eastern Libya, which accord20 ing to the United Nations threatens devastating con21 sequences for the Libyan people and for the country’s 

22 economic and financial situation. 

23 (15) On January 19, 2020, at a peace conference 

24 in Berlin, representatives of the Governments of Alge25 ria, China, Egypt, France, Germany, Italy, Russia, 


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1 Turkey, the Republic of Congo, the United Arab 

2 Emirates, the United Kingdom, and the United 

3 States, as well as regional and multilateral organiza4 tions, agreed to refrain from interference in Libya’s 

5 internal affairs, abide by the United Nations arms 

6 embargo, and advance a 55-point communique to re7 solve the conflict in Libya. 

8 (16) On January 30, 2020, then-United Nations 

9 Special Representative Salame ́ asserted, ‘‘the warring 

10 parties have continued to receive advanced equipment, 

11 fighters, and advisors from foreign states, in violation 

12 of the UN arms embargo and pledges made by rep13 resentatives of these countries in Berlin’’. 

14 (17) On February 12, 2020, the United States 

15 Assistant Secretary of State for Near Eastern Affairs 

16 testified before the Senate Foreign Relations Com17 mittee, ‘‘The task of bringing the Libyans back to the 

18 negotiating table has been complicated by the involve19 ment of external actors. Libya is not the place for 

20 Russian mercenaries, or fighters from Syria, Chad, 

21 and Sudan. It is not the place for the Emiratis, Rus22 sians, or Turks to be fighting battles on the ground 

23 through intermediaries they sponsor or support with 

24 sophisticated and deadly equipment in pursuit of 

25 their own agendas.’’. 


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1 (18) On February 13, 2020, the United Nations 

2 Security Council adopted Resolution 2510, which en3 dorses the Conclusions of the International Conference 

4 on Libya held in Berlin, affirms the need for a last5 ing ceasefire, demands full compliance by all member 

6 states with the United Nations arms embargo, and ex7 presses unequivocal support for the United Nations 

8 Special Representative and the ongoing UNSMIL-fa9 cilitated intra-Libyan dialogue. 

10 (b) STATEMENT OF POLICY.—It is the policy of the 

11 United States— 

12 (1) to advance a peaceful resolution to the con13 flict in Libya through a political process as the best 

14 way to secure United States interests, ensure a stable 

15 and unified Libya, reduce the threat of terrorism, and 

16 provide peace and opportunity to the Libyan people; 

17 (2) to support the implementation of United Na18 tions Security Council Resolutions 1970 (2011) and 

19 1973 (2011), which established an arms embargo on 

20 Libya, and subsequent resolutions modifying and ex21 tending the embargo; 

22 (3) to enforce Executive Order 13726 (81 Fed. 

23 Reg. 23559; relating to blocking property and sus24 pending entry into the United States of persons con25 tributing to the situation in Libya (April 19, 2016)), 


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1 designed to target individuals or entities who ‘‘threat2 en the peace, security, and stability of Libya’’; 

3 (4) to oppose attacks on civilians, medical work4 ers, and critical infrastructure, including water sup5 plies, in Libya, and to support accountability for 

6 those engaged in such heinous actions; 

7 (5) to support Libya’s sovereignty, independence, 

8 territorial integrity, and national unity consistent 

9 with United Nations Security Council Resolution 

10 2510 (2020) and all predecessor resolutions with re11 spect to Libya, including by— 

12 (A) taking action to end the violence and 

13 flow of arms; 

14 (B) rejecting attempts by any party to illic15 itly export Libya’s oil; and 

16 (C) urging Libyan parties to eject foreign 

17 military and mercenary forces; 

18 (6) to leverage diplomatic relations to convince 

19 the parties to the conflict in Libya to immediately de20 escalate and halt their current fighting and persuade 

21 foreign powers to stop providing personnel, including 

22 mercenaries, weapons, and financing that exacerbate 

23 the conflict; 

24 (7) to support building on the Libyan Political 

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1 lution in Libya and to urge all Libyan parties to re2 sume the inclusive Libyan-led and Libyan-owned po3 litical process under the auspices of UNSMIL; 

4 (8) to support a negotiated and peaceful political 

5 solution that includes a single, unified, inclusive, and 

6 effective Libyan Government approved by the Libyan 

7 House of Representatives, the end of a transitional 

8 period achieved through free, fair, inclusive, and cred9 ible elections, a fair and transparent allocation of re10 sources, interim security arrangements, and a process 

11 for the reunification of Libyan government ministries 

12 and Libyan sovereign institutions, including the Cen13 tral Bank of Libya, the National Oil Corporation, 

14 and the Libyan Investment Authority; 

15 (9) to support constant, unimpeded, and reliable 

16 humanitarian access to those in need and to hold ac17 countable those who impede or threaten the delivery 

18 of humanitarian assistance; 

19 (10) to seek to bring an end to trafficking in per20 sons such as slavery, forced labor, and sexual exploi21 tation, including with respect to migrants; 

22 (11) to advocate for the immediate release and 

23 safe evacuations of detained refugees and migrants 

24 trapped by the fighting in Libya; 


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1 (12) to encourage implementation of UNSMIL’s 

2 plan for the organized and gradual closure of migrant 

3 detention centers in Libya; 

4 (13) to support current and future democratic 

5 and economic development; and 

6 (14) to discourage all parties from heightening 

7 tensions in the region, through unhelpful and provoc8 ative actions. 

9 TITLE I—IDENTIFYING CHAL10 LENGES TO STABILITY IN 

11 LIBYA 

12 SEC. 101. REPORT ON ACTIVITIES OF CERTAIN FOREIGN 

13 GOVERNMENTS AND ACTORS IN LIBYA. 

14 (a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 90 days after the 

15 date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, 

16 in consultation with the Director of National Intelligence, 

17 shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a 

18 report that includes— 

19 (1) a description of the full extent of involvement 

20 in Libya by foreign governments, including the Gov21 ernments of Russia, Turkey, the United Arab Emir22 ates, Egypt, Sudan, Chad, China, Saudi Arabia, and 

23 Qatar, including— 

24 (A) a description of which governments are 

25 linked to drone and aircraft strikes; 


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1 (B) a list of the types and estimated 

2 amounts of equipment transferred by each gov3 ernment described in this paragraph to the par4 ties to the conflict, including foreign military 

5 contractors, mercenaries, or paramilitary forces 

6 operating in Libya; and 

7 (C) an estimate of the financial support 

8 provided by each government described in this 

9 paragraph to the parties to the conflict, includ10 ing foreign military contractors, mercenaries, or 

11 paramilitary forces operating in Libya; 

12 (2) an analysis and determination of whether the 

13 actions by the governments described in paragraph 

14 (1) violate the arms embargo with respect to Libya 

15 under United Nations Security Council Resolution 

16 2473 (2019) and other relevant Security Council reso17 lutions; 

18 (3) a list of the specific offending materiel or fi19 nancial support transfers provided by a government 

20 described in paragraph (1) that violate the arms em21 bargo with respect to Libya under United Nations Se22 curity Council Resolution 2473 (2019) and other rel23 evant Security Council resolutions; 

24 (4) a description of the activities of each foreign 

25 armed group, including the Russian Wagner Group, 


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1 Turkish military contractors and mercenaries, affili2 ates of ISIS, al-Qaida in the Islamic Maghreb 

3 (AQIM), and Ansar al-Sharia, in Libya; 

4 (5) a description of European Union and North 

5 Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) efforts to en6 force the United Nations arms embargo and facilitate 

7 a ceasefire; 

8 (6) a description of any violations of the arms 

9 embargo by European Union member states; and 

10 (7) a description of United States diplomatic en11 gagement with the European Union and NATO re12 garding enforcement of the United Nations arms em13 bargo. 

14 (b) FORM.—The report required by subsection (a) shall 

15 be submitted in unclassified form, but may contain a classi16 fied annex. 

17 (c) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES DE18 FINED.—In this section, the term ‘‘appropriate congres19 sional committees’’ means— 

20 (1) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the 

21 Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence of the 

22 House of Representatives; and 

23 (2) the Committee on Foreign Relations and the 

24 Select Committee on Intelligence of the Senate. 


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1 SEC. 102. REPORT OF RUSSIAN ACTIVITIES AND OBJEC2 TIVES IN LIBYA. 

3 (a) FINDINGS.—Congress makes the following findings: 

4 (1) General Stephen Townsend, Commander of 

5 United States Africa Command (AFRICOM), warned 

6 in January 2020 that in Libya, Russia seeks to 

7 ‘‘demonstrate itself as an alternative partner to the 

8 West’’ and seeks to position itself alongside the south9 ern flank of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization 

10 (NATO). 

11 (2) AFRICOM has also stated that the Russian 

12 military presence in Libya threatens future United 

13 States military partnerships and counterterrorism co14 operation by impeding United States access to Libya. 

15 (3) In May 2020, AFRICOM reported that the 

16 Government of Russia deployed 14 MiG-29 and Su17 24 aircraft to Libya to support Russian state-spon18 sored private military contractors, including the 

19 Wagner Group. 

20 (b) REPORT.— 

21 (1) REPORT.—Not later than 90 days after the 

22 date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of 

23 State shall submit to the appropriate congressional 

24 committees a report that contains an assessment of 

25 Russian activities and objectives in Libya, includ26 ing— 


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1 (A) the potential threat such activities pose 

2 to the United States, southern Europe, NATO, 

3 and partners in the Mediterranean Sea and 

4 North African region; 

5 (B) the direct role of Russia in Libyan fi6 nancial affairs, to include issuing and printing 

7 currency; and 

8 (C) Russia’s use of mercenaries, military 

9 contractors, equipment, and paramilitary forces 

10 in Libya. 

11 (2) FORM.—The report required by paragraph 

12 (1) shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may 

13 contain a classified annex. 

14 (3) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES

15 DEFINED.—In this subsection, the term ‘‘appropriate 

16 congressional committees’’ means— 

17 (A) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the 

18 House of Representatives; and 

19 (B) the Committee on Foreign Relations of 

20 the Senate. 

21 SEC. 103. DETERMINATION OF SANCTIONABLE ACTIVITIES 

22 OF THE LIBYAN NATIONAL ARMY WITH RE23 SPECT TO SYRIA. 

24 Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment 

25 of this Act, the President shall submit to the Committee on 


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1 Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives and the 

2 Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate a list of 

3 members of the Libyan National Army (LNA), and details 

4 of their activities, that the President determines are know5 ingly responsible for sanctionable offenses pursuant to— 

6 (1) section 7412 of the Caesar Syria Civilian 

7 Protection Act of 2019 (22 U.S.C. 8791 note; 133 

8 Stat. 2292); or 

9 (2) Executive Order 13582 (76 Fed. Reg. 52209; 

10 relating to blocking property of the Government of 

11 Syria and prohibiting certain transactions with re12 spect to Syria (August 17, 2011)). 

13 TITLE II—ACTIONS TO ADDRESS 

14 FOREIGN INTERVENTION IN 

15 LIBYA 

16 SEC. 201. SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO FOREIGN PERSONS 

17 LEADING, DIRECTING, OR SUPPORTING CER18 TAIN FOREIGN GOVERNMENT INVOLVEMENT 

19 IN LIBYA. 

20 (a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days after the 

21 date of the enactment of this Act, the President shall impose 

22 each of the sanctions described in section 204 with respect 

23 to each foreign person that the President determines know24 ingly engages in an activity described in subsection (b). 


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1 (b) ACTIVITIES DESCRIBED.—A foreign person engages 

2 in an activity described in this subsection if the person 

3 leads, directs, or provides significant financial, material, 

4 or technological support to, or knowingly engages in a sig5 nificant transaction with, a non-Libyan foreign person that 

6 is— 

7 (1) in Libya in a military or commercial capac8 ity as a military contractor, mercenary, or part of a 

9 paramilitary force; and 

10 (2) engaged in significant actions that threaten 

11 the peace, security, or stability of Libya. 

12 SEC. 202. SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO FOREIGN PERSONS 

13 THREATENING THE PEACE OR STABILITY OF 

14 LIBYA. 

15 (a) IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS.—The President shall 

16 impose each of the sanctions described in section 204 with 

17 respect to each foreign person on the list required by sub18 section (b). 

19 (b) LIST.—Not later than 180 days after the date of 

20 the enactment of this Act, the President shall submit to the 

21 appropriate congressional committees a list of— 

22 (1) foreign persons, including senior government 

23 officials, militia leaders, paramilitary leaders, and 

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1 tia or paramilitary groups in Libya, that the Presi2 dent determines are knowingly— 

3 (A) engaged in significant actions or poli4 cies that threaten the peace, security, or stability 

5 of Libya, including any supply of arms or re6 lated materiel in violation of a United Nations 

7 Security Council resolution with respect to 

8 Libya; 

9 (B) engaged in significant actions or poli10 cies that obstruct, undermine, delay, or impede, 

11 or pose a significant risk of obstructing, under12 mining, delaying, or impeding the United Na13 tions-mediated political process that seeks a ne14 gotiated and peaceful solution to the Libyan cri15 sis; 

16 (C) engaged in significant actions that may 

17 lead to or result in the misappropriation of sig18 nificant state assets of Libya; 

19 (D) involved in, or has been involved in, the 

20 significant illicit exploitation of crude oil or any 

21 other natural resources in Libya, including the 

22 significant illicit production, refining, brokering, 

23 sale, purchase, or export of Libyan oil; 


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1 (E) significantly threatening or coercing 

2 Libyan state financial institutions or the Libyan 

3 National Oil Company; or 

4 (F) significantly responsible for actions or 

5 policies that are intended to undermine efforts to 

6 promote stabilization and economic recovery in 

7 Libya; 

8 (2) foreign persons that the President determines 

9 are successor entities to persons referred to in sub10 paragraphs (A) through (F) of paragraph (1); and 

11 (3) foreign persons that the President deter12 mines— 

13 (A) own or control, or are owned or con14 trolled by, a person referred to in any of sub15 paragraphs (A) through (F) of paragraph (1) or 

16 paragraph (2); and 

17 (B) have provided, or attempted to provide, 

18 significant financial, material, technological, or 

19 other support for, or goods or services in support 

20 of, a person referred to in any of subparagraphs 

21 (A) through (F) of paragraph (1) or paragraph 

22 (2) for purposes of engaging in any activity list23 ed in such subparagraphs (A) through (F) of 

24 paragraph (1). 


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1 (c) UPDATES OF LIST.—The President shall submit to 

2 the appropriate congressional committees an updated list 

3 under subsection (b)— 

4 (1) not later than 180 days after the date of the 

5 enactment of this Act and annually thereafter for a 

6 period of 5 years; or 

7 (2) as new information becomes available. 

8 (d) FORM.—The list required by subsection (b) shall 

9 be submitted in unclassified form, but may include a classi10 fied annex. 

11 SEC. 203. SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO FOREIGN PERSONS 

12 WHO ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR OR COMPLICIT 

13 IN GROSS VIOLATIONS OF INTERNATIONALLY 

14 RECOGNIZED HUMAN RIGHTS COMMITTED IN 

15 LIBYA. 

16 (a) IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS.—The President shall 

17 impose each of the sanctions described in section 204 with 

18 respect to each foreign person on the list required by sub19 section (b). 

20 (b) LIST OF PERSONS.— 

21 (1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days after 

22 the date of the enactment of this Act, the President 

23 shall submit to the appropriate congressional commit24 tees a list of foreign persons, including senior govern25 ment officials, militia leaders, paramilitary leaders, 


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1 and other persons who provide significant support to 

2 militia or paramilitary groups in Libya, that the 

3 President determines are knowingly responsible for or 

4 complicit in, or have directly or indirectly engaged 

5 in, gross violations of internationally recognized 

6 human rights committed in Libya. 

7 (2) UPDATES OF LIST.—The President shall sub8 mit to the appropriate congressional committees an 

9 updated list under paragraph (1)— 

10 (A) not later than 180 days after the date 

11 of the enactment of this Act and annually there12 after for a period of 5 years; or 

13 (B) as new information becomes available. 

14 (3) FORM.—The list required by paragraph (1) 

15 shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may in16 clude a classified annex. 

17 SEC. 204. SANCTIONS DESCRIBED. 

18 (a) SANCTIONS DESCRIBED.—The sanctions to be im19 posed with respect to a foreign person under section 201, 

20 202, or 203 are the following: 

21 (1) BLOCKING OF PROPERTY.—The President 

22 shall exercise all of the powers granted to the Presi23 dent by the International Emergency Economic Pow24 ers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.) (except that the re25 quirements of section 202 of such Act (50 U.S.C. 


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1 1701) shall not apply) to the extent necessary to block 

2 and prohibit all transactions in property and inter3 ests in property of the person if such property and in4 terests in property are in the United States, come 

5 within the United States, or are or come within the 

6 possession or control of a United States person. 

7 (2) INADMISSIBILITY OF CERTAIN INDIVID8 UALS.— 

9 (A) INELIGIBILITY FOR VISAS, ADMISSION, 

10 OR PAROLE.—A foreign person who meets any of 

11 the criteria described section 201, 202, or 203 

12 is— 

13 (i) inadmissible to the United States; 

14 (ii) ineligible to receive a visa or other 

15 documentation to enter the United States; 

16 and 

17 (iii) otherwise ineligible to be admitted 

18 or paroled into the United States or to re19 ceive any other benefit under the Immigra20 tion and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101 et 

21 seq.). 

22 (B) CURRENT VISAS REVOKED.—A foreign 

23 person subject to section 201, 202, or 203 is sub24 ject to the following: 


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1 (i) Revocation of any visa or other 

2 entry documentation regardless of when the 

3 visa or other entry documentation is or was 

4 issued. 

5 (ii) A revocation under clause (i) 

6 shall— 

7 (I) take effect immediately; and 

8 (II) automatically cancel any 

9 other valid visa or entry documenta10 tion that is in the foreign person’s pos11 session. 

12 (b) PENALTIES.—The penalties provided for in sub13 sections (b) and (c) of section 206 of the International 

14 Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1705) shall 

15 apply to a person that violates, attempts to violate, con16 spires to violate, or causes a violation of regulations pro17 mulgated under section 306(2) to carry out subsection 

18 (a)(1) to the same extent that such penalties apply to a 

19 person that commits an unlawful act described in section 

20 206(a) of that Act. 

21 (c) EXCEPTION.—Sanctions under subsection (a)(2) 

22 shall not apply to an alien if admitting or paroling the 

23 alien into the United States is necessary to permit the 

24 United States to comply with the Agreement regarding the 

25 Headquarters of the United Nations, signed at Lake Success 


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1 June 26, 1947, and entered into force November 21, 1947, 

2 between the United Nations and the United States, or other 

3 applicable international obligations of the United States. 

4 (d) EXCEPTION TO COMPLY WITH NATIONAL SECU5 RITY.—The following activities shall be exempt from sanc6 tions under this section: 

7 (1) Activities subject to the reporting require8 ments under title V of the National Security Act of 

9 1947 (50 U.S.C. 3091 et seq.). 

10 (2) Any authorized intelligence or law enforce11 ment activities of the United States. 

12 SEC. 205. WAIVER. 

13 The President may waive the application of sanctions 

14 imposed on a foreign person under this title if the Presi15 dent— 

16 (1) determines that such a waiver is in the na17 tional interest of the United States; and 

18 (2) not later than the date on which such waiver 

19 will take effect, submits to the appropriate congres20 sional committees a notice of and justification for 

21 such waiver. 

22 SEC. 206. IMPLEMENTATION AND REGULATORY AUTHOR23 ITY. 

24 The President— 


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1 (1) is authorized to exercise all authorities pro2 vided to the President under sections 203 and 205 of 

3 the International Emergency Economic Powers Act 

4 (50 U.S.C. 1702 and 1704) to carry out this title; and 

5 (2) shall issue such regulations, licenses, and or6 ders as are necessary to carry out this title. 

7 SEC. 207. EXCEPTION RELATING TO IMPORTATION OF 

8 GOODS. 

9 (a) IN GENERAL.—The authorities and requirements 

10 to impose sanctions under this title shall not include the 

11 authority or requirement to impose sanctions on the impor12 tation of goods. 

13 (b) GOOD DEFINED.—In this section, the term ‘‘good’’ 

14 means any article, natural or man-made substance, mate15 rial, supply or manufactured product, including inspection 

16 and test equipment and excluding technical data. 

17 SEC. 208. DEFINITIONS. 

18 In this title: 

19 (1) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMIT20 TEES.—The term ‘‘appropriate congressional commit21 tees’’ means— 

22 (A) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and 

23 the Committee on Financial Services of the 

24 House of Representatives; and 


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1 (B) the Committee on Foreign Relations 

2 and the Committee on Banking, Housing, and 

3 Urban Affairs of the Senate. 

4 (2) ADMITTED; ALIEN.—The terms ‘‘admitted’’ 

5 and ‘‘alien’’ have the meanings given those terms in 

6 section 101 of the Immigration and Nationality Act 

7 (8 U.S.C. 1101). 

8 (3) FOREIGN PERSON.—The term ‘‘foreign per9 son’’ means an individual or entity that is not a 

10 United States person. 

11 (4) FOREIGN GOVERNMENT.—The term ‘‘foreign 

12 government’’ means any government of a country 

13 other than the United States. 

14 (5) KNOWINGLY.—The term ‘‘knowingly’’ with 

15 respect to conduct, a circumstance, or a result, means 

16 that a person has actual knowledge, or should have 

17 known, of the conduct, the circumstance, or the result. 

18 (6) UNITED STATES PERSON.—The term ‘‘United 

19 States person’’ means— 

20 (A) an individual who is a United States 

21 citizen or an alien lawfully admitted for perma22 nent residence to the United States; or 

23 (B) an entity organized under the laws of 

24 the United States or any jurisdiction within the 


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1 United States, including a foreign branch of 

2 such an entity; or 

3 (C) any person in the United States. 

4 (7) GROSS VIOLATIONS OF INTERNATIONALLY

5 RECOGNIZED HUMAN RIGHTS.—The term ‘‘gross viola6 tions of internationally recognized human rights’’ has 

7 the meaning given such term in section 502B(d)(1) of 

8 the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 

9 2304(d)(1)). 

10 SEC. 209. SUSPENSION OF SANCTIONS. 

11 (a) IN GENERAL.—The President may suspend in 

12 whole or in part the imposition of sanctions otherwise re13 quired under this title for periods not to exceed 90 days 

14 if the President determines that the parties to the conflict 

15 in Libya have agreed to and are upholding a sustainable, 

16 good-faith ceasefire in support of a lasting political solution 

17 in Libya. 

18 (b) NOTIFICATION REQUIRED.—Not later than 30 days 

19 after the date on which the President makes a determina20 tion to suspend the imposition of sanctions as described in 

21 subsection (a), the President shall submit to the appropriate 

22 congressional committees a notification of the determina23 tion. 

24 (c) REIMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS.—Any sanctions sus25 pended under subsection (a) shall be reimposed if the PresiVerDate Sep 11 2014 22:06 Nov 17, 2020 Jkt 019200 PO 00000 Frm 00028 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6203 E:\BILLS\H4644.RH H4644

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1 dent determines that the criteria described in that sub2 section are no longer being met. 

3 SEC. 210. SUNSET. 

4 The requirement to impose sanctions under this title 

5 shall cease to be effective on December 31, 2024. 

6 TITLE III—ASSISTANCE FOR 

7 LIBYA 

8 SEC. 301. HUMANITARIAN RELIEF FOR THE PEOPLE OF 

9 LIBYA AND INTERNATIONAL REFUGEES AND 

10 MIGRANTS IN LIBYA. 

11 (a) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Congress 

12 that— 

13 (1) the United States Government should— 

14 (A) continue efforts to address Libya’s hu15 manitarian crisis; 

16 (B) leverage diplomatic relations with the 

17 warring parties to guarantee constant, reliable 

18 humanitarian access by frontline providers in 

19 Libya; 

20 (C) leverage diplomatic relations with the 

21 warring parties, the United Nations, and the 

22 European Union to encourage the voluntary safe 

23 passage of detained vulnerable migrants and ref24 ugees from the conflict zones in Libya; and 


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1 (D) support efforts to document and pub2 licize gross violations of internationally recog3 nized human rights and international humani4 tarian law, including efforts related to traf5 ficking in persons such as slavery, forced labor, 

6 and sexual exploitation, and hold perpetrators 

7 accountable; and 

8 (2) humanitarian assistance to address the crisis 

9 in Libya should be targeted toward those most in need 

10 and delivered through partners that uphold inter11 nationally recognized humanitarian principles, with 

12 robust monitoring to ensure assistance is reaching in13 tended beneficiaries. 

14 (b) ASSISTANCE AUTHORIZED.—The Administrator of 

15 the United States Agency for International Development, 

16 in coordination with the Secretary of State, should continue 

17 to support humanitarian assistance to individuals and 

18 communities in Libya, including— 

19 (1) health assistance, including logistical and 

20 technical assistance to hospitals, ambulances, and 

21 health clinics in affected communities, including mi22 grant communities, and provision of basic public 

23 health commodities; 

24 (2) services, such as medicines and medical sup25 plies and equipment; 


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1 (3) assistance to provide— 

2 (A) protection, food, and shelter, including 

3 to migrant communities; and 

4 (B) water, sanitation, and hygiene (com5 monly referred to as ‘‘WASH’’); and 

6 (4) technical assistance to ensure health, food, 

7 and commodities are appropriately selected, procured, 

8 targeted, monitored, and distributed. 

9 (c) STRATEGY.—Not later than 180 days after the date 

10 of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, in co11 ordination with the Administrator of the United States 

12 Agency for International Development, shall submit to the 

13 appropriate congressional committees a strategy on the fol14 lowing: 

15 (1) How the United States, working with rel16 evant foreign governments and multilateral organiza17 tions, plans to address the humanitarian situation in 

18 Libya. 

19 (2) Diplomatic efforts by the United States to 

20 encourage strategic burden-sharing with international 

21 donors, including foreign governments and multilat22 eral organizations on efforts to improve the humani23 tarian situation in Libya. 

24 (3) How to address humanitarian access chal25 lenges and ensure protection for vulnerable refugees 


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1 and migrants, including protection from trafficking 

2 in persons such as slavery, forced labor, and sexual 

3 exploitation. 

4 (4) How the United States is mitigating risk, 

5 utilizing third party monitors, and ensuring effective 

6 delivery of assistance. 

7 (d) DIPLOMATIC ENGAGEMENT.—The Secretary of 

8 State, in consultation with the Administrator of the United 

9 States Agency for International Development, should work 

10 with relevant foreign governments and multilateral organi11 zations to coordinate a high-level summit with respect to 

12 Libya in order to— 

13 (1) advance a ceasefire; 

14 (2) facilitate a political process to achieve such 

15 a ceasefire; and 

16 (3) coordinate donations to advance the provi17 sion of humanitarian assistance to the people of 

18 Libya and international migrants and refugees in 

19 Libya in order to carry out the strategy required by 

20 subsection (c). 

21 (e) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES DE22 FINED.—In this section, the term ‘‘appropriate congres23 sional committees’’ means— 


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1 (1) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the 

2 Committee on Appropriations of the House of Rep3 resentatives; and 

4 (2) the Committee on Foreign Relations and the 

5 Committee on Appropriations of the Senate. 

6 SEC. 302. SUPPORT FOR DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE, ELEC7 TIONS, AND CIVIL SOCIETY. 

8 (a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of State shall coordi9 nate United States Government efforts to— 

10 (1) support efforts to resolve the current civil 

11 conflict in Libya; 

12 (2) work to help the people of Libya and a future 

13 Libyan government develop functioning, unified Liby14 an economic, security, and governing institutions; 

15 (3) work to ensure free, fair, inclusive, and cred16 ible elections organized by an independent and effec17 tive High National Elections Commission in Libya, 

18 including through supporting electoral security and 

19 international election observation and by providing 

20 training and technical assistance to institutions with 

21 election-related responsibilities, as appropriate; 

22 (4) work with the people of Libya, nongovern23 mental organizations, and Libyan institutions to 

24 strengthen democratic governance, reinforce civilian 

25 institutions and support decentralization in order to 


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1 address community grievances, promote social cohe2 sion, mitigate drivers of violent extremism, and help 

3 communities recover from Islamic State occupation; 

4 (5) defend against gross violations of inter5 nationally recognized human rights in Libya, includ6 ing by supporting efforts to document such violations; 

7 (6) to combat corruption and improve the trans8 parency and accountability of Libyan government in9 stitutions; and 

10 (7) to support the efforts of independent media 

11 outlets to broadcast, distribute, and share information 

12 with the Libyan people. 

13 (b) RISK MITIGATION AND ASSISTANCE MONI14 TORING.—The Secretary of State and Administrator of the 

15 United States Agency for International Development shall 

16 ensure that appropriate steps are taken to mitigate risk of 

17 diversion of assistance for Libya and ensure reliable third18 party monitoring is utilized for projects in Libya that 

19 United States Government personnel are unable to access 

20 and monitor. 

21 (c) REPORT.— 

22 (1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days after 

23 enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, in co24 ordination with the Administrator of the United 

25 States Agency for International Development, shall 


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1 submit to the appropriate congressional committees a 

2 report on the activities carried out under subsection 

3 (a). 

4 (2) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES

5 DEFINED.—In this subsection, the term ‘‘appropriate 

6 congressional committees’’ means— 

7 (A) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and 

8 the Committee on Appropriations of the House of 

9 Representatives; and 

10 (B) the Committee on Foreign Relations 

11 and the Committee on Appropriations of the 

12 Senate. 

13 (d) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.— 

14 (1) IN GENERAL.—There are authorized to be ap15 propriated $23,000,000 for fiscal year 2021 to carry 

16 out subsection (a). 

17 (2) NOTIFICATION REQUIREMENTS.—Any ex18 penditure of amounts made available to carry out 

19 subsection (a) shall be subject to the notification re20 quirements applicable to— 

21 (A) expenditures from the Economic Sup22 port Fund under section 531(c) of the Foreign 

23 Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2346(c)); and 


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1 (B) expenditures from the Development As2 sistance Fund under section 653(a) of the For3 eign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2413(a)). 

4 SEC. 303. ENGAGING INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITU5 TIONS TO ADVANCE LIBYAN ECONOMIC RE6 COVERY AND IMPROVE PUBLIC SECTOR FI7 NANCIAL MANAGEMENT. 

8 (a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of the Treasury shall 

9 instruct the United States Executive Director at each inter10 national financial institution to use the voice, vote, and in11 fluence of the United States to support, in a way that is 

12 consistent with broader United States national interests, a 

13 Libyan-led process to develop a framework for the economic 

14 recovery of Libya and improved public sector financial 

15 management, complementary to United Nations-led peace 

16 efforts and in support of the future establishment of a sov17 ereign state with democratic institutions and the rule of law 

18 in Libya. 

19 (b) ADDITIONAL ELEMENTS.—To the extent consistent 

20 with broader United States national interests, the frame21 work described in subsection (a) shall include the following 

22 policy proposals: 

23 (1) To restore, respect, and safeguard the integ24 rity, unity, and lawful governance of Libya’s key eco25 nomic ministries and institutions, in particular the 


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1 Central Bank of Libya, the Libya Investment Author2 ity, the National Oil Corporation, and the Audit Bu3 reau (AB). 

4 (2) To improve the accountability and effective5 ness of Libyan authorities, including sovereign eco6 nomic institutions, in providing services and oppor7 tunity to the Libyan people. 

8 (3) To assist in improving public financial man9 agement and reconciling the public accounts of na10 tional financial institutions and letters of credit 

11 issued by private Libyan financial institutions as 

12 needed pursuant to a political process. 

13 (4) To restore the production, efficient manage14 ment, and development of Libya’s oil and gas indus15 tries so such industries are resilient against malign 

16 foreign influence and can generate prosperity on be17 half of the Libyan people. 

18 (5) To promote the development of private sector 

19 enterprise. 

20 (6) To improve the transparency and account21 ability of public sector employment and wage dis22 tribution. 

23 (7) To strengthen supervision of and reform of 

24 Libyan financial institutions. 


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1 (8) To eliminate exploitation of price controls 

2 and market distorting subsidies in the Libyan econ3 omy. 

4 (9) To support opportunities for United States 

5 businesses. 

6 (c) CONSULTATION.—In supporting the framework de7 scribed in subsection (a), the Secretary of the Treasury shall 

8 instruct the United States Executive Director at each inter9 national financial institution to encourage the institution 

10 to consult with relevant stakeholders in the financial, gov11 ernance, and energy sectors. 

12 (d) DEFINITION OF INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTI13 TUTION.—In this section, the term ‘‘international financial 

14 institution’’ means the International Monetary Fund, 

15 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, 

16 European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, Inter17 national Development Association, International Finance 

18 Corporation, Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency, 

19 African Development Bank, African Development Fund, 

20 Asian Development Bank, Inter-American Development 

21 Bank, Bank for Economic Cooperation and Development in 

22 the Middle East and North Africa, and Inter-American In23 vestment Corporation. 

24 (e) TERMINATION.—The requirements of this section 

25 shall cease to be effective on December 31, 2024. 


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1 SEC. 304. RECOVERING ASSETS STOLEN FROM THE LIBYAN 

2 PEOPLE. 

3 (a) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Congress 

4 that the Secretary of State, the Secretary of the Treasury, 

5 and the Attorney General should, to the extent practicable, 

6 advance a coordinated international effort— 

7 (1) to carry out special financial investigations 

8 to identify and track assets taken from the people and 

9 institutions of Libya through theft, corruption, money 

10 laundering, or other illicit means; and 

11 (2) to work with foreign governments— 

12 (A) to share financial investigations intel13 ligence, as appropriate; 

14 (B) to oversee the assets identified pursuant 

15 to paragraph (1); and 

16 (C) to provide technical assistance to help 

17 governments establish the necessary legal frame18 work to carry out asset forfeitures. 

19 (b) ADDITIONAL ELEMENTS.—The coordinated inter20 national effort described in subsection (a) should include 

21 input from— 

22 (1) the Office of Terrorist Financing and Finan23 cial Crimes of the Department of the Treasury; 

24 (2) the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network 

25 of the Department of the Treasury; and 


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1 (3) the Money Laundering and Asset Recovery 

2 Section of the Department of Justice. 


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Union Calendar No. 491 

116TH CONGRESS 

2D SESSION H. R. 4644 

[Report No. 116–594, Part I] 

A BILL 

To clarify United States policy toward Libya, adLibya, and support the people of Libya. vance a diplomatic solution to the conflict in 

NOVEMBER 17, 2020 

Reported from the Committee on Foreign Affairs with an 

amendment 

NOVEMBER 17, 2020 

Committees on the Judiciary and Financial Services disprinted House on the State of the Union and ordered to be charged; committed to the Committee of the Whole 


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